Luehue - kēia ʻano maikaʻi o ka iʻa mua ma ke ʻano he nahesa, a no laila ma ko mākou ʻāina ma nā wahi he nui ʻole ia i manaʻo ʻia ʻole he iʻa a ʻaʻole i ʻai ʻia. ʻOiai i ko mākou mau kūlana huehue ua manaʻo ʻia he lawaiʻa ika lawena i ka wā e hiki ai i ka nui o 500 g. Kūpono ʻia kēia nui o ka waʻa ma kahi o 6-8 mau makahiki.
ʻO ka ʻiʻo elela ka mea e pili ana i ka 30% mau momona maikaʻi, e pili ana i ka 15% protein, kahi paʻakikī o nā huaora a me nā mea minerale. Ua hoʻomākaukau ʻia nā kīʻaha like ʻole mai ia. Hōʻalo ʻia ka ʻili pahuhopu he mea ʻai maikaʻi.
ʻO keʻano
ʻO ke kino o ka manu ka elongated, serpentine, i ka mua i ka liʻiliʻi a i ʻole e hoʻokaʻawale ʻia, a hoʻihoʻi ʻia mai loko mai o ka ʻumi a me ka huelo. I uhi ʻia ʻo ka kuʻu me kahi ʻāpana o ka nui o ka pala, nāʻu e hoʻopalaha loa. ʻO nā dorsal, caudal, a me nā hua meli e puka ai kahi palena ma ke ʻano o kahi palena, i uhi ʻia ma mua o ka hapa o ka iʻa.
Mālama ʻia ka ʻili o nā palaʻai a pau. ʻO ka pā ka pectoral he ākea, akā pōkole, ua hala nā hala o ka ventral. He liʻiliʻi nā unahi, kokoke i ʻili ʻia i ka ʻili, e pālahalaha ana i ke poʻo a me nā pua. Ua liʻiliʻi ka poʻo, conical ma ke ʻano, ʻili iki. E neʻe iki aku i loko o ka ʻokiʻoki, mai ka hope hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia e nā slits gill. Aia nā maka i luna ma nā kihi o ka waha, liʻiliʻi. Ke kū nei i lalo nā poʻohiwi haʻahaʻa a ma luna. He ʻiʻo ka lehelehe. Aia nā niho liʻiliʻi he nui ma nā ʻāʻī a me nā iwi ʻē aʻe o ka waha waha.
ʻOkoʻa ka like o ke ʻano o nā ʻele a hiki i ke ʻano o ke kaila o kahi e noho ai lākou, ma ke ʻano pono o kēlā me kēia kanaka. ʻO ka huehue ma lalo o nā pāpale he lau ʻeleʻeleʻeleʻele a heʻeleʻele paha, i kekahi manawa he ʻeleʻele hoʻi. Hoʻonohonoho ʻia nā ʻaoʻao i ka aniani. He ʻeleʻele a keʻokeʻo paha ka ʻōpū. I nā pākekeʻeleʻele i lalo, he ʻeleʻele a ʻeleʻele paha ka hope, ʻeleʻele ke keʻokeʻo, ʻeleʻele ka ʻōpū. ʻO ke kino o kēia mau ana hēʻī e like me ke aniani metala, ʻo ia ke kumu i kapa ʻia ai kekahi manawa he silvery.
Nā kuʻuna a me nā home
Noho ʻo Eel ma nā wahi wai o ke kahakai Baltic moana, ma nā helu he nui loa - i nā kahe a me nā kahe o nā kīʻaha o nā Azov, ʻ ,leʻele, Keokeo, nā Seʻa Moana. Loaʻa ia ma nā wahi hoʻopukapuka he nui o ka ʻāpana ʻEulopa o Rusia.
I ka CIS, ka ʻele maʻamau i ʻike pinepine ʻia i nā kaila wai i ke kahakai Baltic. Ma o nā kahawai, e komo i loko o nā loko wai. Noho ka wai ʻōpala me kona mau loko wai. Ma Ukraine, hiki i ka kuele ke ʻike ma ka ʻaoʻao o Danube ma lalo aʻe o ka Paha Hema, ma ke kīʻaha Dnieper, akā ʻo ka manawa pinepine ia i loko o nā loko o nā kīʻaha Pripyat a me Western Bug.
He wahi liʻiliʻi loa kahi o ka ʻele uila. ʻIke ʻia ma ʻAmelika Hema. Loaʻa ka ʻele uila i loko o ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau-komohana o kēia ʻEleka. Aia ia i ka haʻahaʻa o Amazon.
ʻO ka ʻāpana o ke kai ka mea maʻamau ma ka moana Atlantika, e hoʻomaka ana mai ka ʻaoʻao komohana o ka ʻāina ʻo ʻApelika a hoʻopau i ka Bay of Biscay, aia ma Mediterranean. ʻIke pinepine ka ʻike ma nā wahi moana. I kekahi manawa i ka lawaiʻa ʻana i kekahi iʻa i ke Kai Akau ma ka ʻaoʻao hema o Norewai. I ke Kai ʻEleʻele, ʻaʻole liʻuliʻu hoʻi. Hiki i ka waʻa moana ke noho ma nā kai kiʻekiʻe a i waho o ke kapakai, kahi hohonu ma mua o 500 mika ʻaʻole i haʻalele i ka iʻa.
Ke kūleʻa a me ka spawning
I loko o nā hale waiwai o Rūsia, ma kahi i aʻo ʻia ai ka ulu ʻana o ka eel, ua piʻi nui ka nui o kona kino i nā makahiki 8-9 mua o ke ola, ma hope e emi ka nui o ka ulu ʻana. Inā he mea, ma ka makahiki 9 mua, ua hiki ka iʻa ma ka awelika o 83 cm, e hāʻawi ana i kahi ulu makahiki e pili ana i 9 cm, a laila ma mua o 14 mau makahiki ua hoʻohui lākou iā 14 cm wale nō ka lōʻihi, i.e., kā lākou ulu makahiki a hoʻonui i ka 1 cm. hoʻonui pinepine ʻia mai ka lua o ka makahiki, ma hope mai i kekahi mau loko, a hoʻomau e hoʻonui a hiki i ke 13-15 mau makahiki, a laila e emi ana me ka nui. Hoʻoulu ka huehue o nā makahiki like me nā kaha like ʻole, ʻaʻole wale nō i loko o nā kino wai like ʻole, akā ma ke ʻano wai like nō. I loko o nā loko o Volyn a me Rivne, loaʻa i ka blackheads ka lōʻihi o 80-100 cm, a ʻo ko lākou paona pinepine he 2.5-3 kg. I loko o nā mea huki ʻana o nā ʻāpana Belarus e loaʻa i nā lōʻihi he 115 cm a ke kaupaona nei a hiki i 3 kg. ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā wahine ma mua o nā wahine. ʻAʻole lākou i ka lōʻihi o ka lōʻihi o 50 cm, a me ke koʻikoʻi - 250 g.
I ka hōʻea ʻana o ka huehue ma ka wā popo i ka hiku o ka makahiki ʻumi o ke ola, ʻimi lākou e haʻalele i ka wai hou a hele i kai. Aia nā pūnaewele spawning e pili ana i ka Hema ʻAkia ma ka ʻaoʻao o Sargaso algae, kahi i kapa ʻia ʻo Sargasso ma waena o nā moana. Eia, i kahi hohonu o 400-500 m i ʻApelila - Mei, ʻaila ka ʻalā a make. I ka hopena o ka hoʻoilo - i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka pūnāwai, kahi lau lau, ʻohi piha loa i nā ʻōleelele eel paʻu ʻia mai nā hua. Ke ulu nei lākou, lūlū lākou me nā palu o ka wai o luna, i hopu ʻia e nā ʻōpū o luna, e lawe ana i kekahi ma nā kahakai o ʻAmelika, nā poʻe ʻē aʻe e hali i ke kahawai ʻo Gund i nā kahakai o West Europe. I ka hāʻule ʻana o ke kolu o ka makahiki o ka haki, loaʻa ka lōʻihi ma kahi lōʻihi o 7.5 cm. Ke nee aku nei i ka kahakai ʻo ʻEulopa, ua hoʻopuni ʻia ke kino o ke aniani, ke hoʻololi nei nā niho palaki i nā mea maoli, nā dorsal a me nā fins anal e neʻe i mua. ʻEleʻele nā ʻāpana o ka ʻili, ʻoiai ke kūleʻa nei nā iʻa. Kahi ʻia kēia ʻano larva ma mua o kēia manawa e ulu ana, ke komo i ka wai hou, kahi ia e noho ai no 9-15 mau makahiki, a e like me kekahi mau lono a hiki i 25 mau makahiki. Ma nā ʻāpana ʻākau, i ka wahi o nā kahawai a me nā ʻāpana o ke Kaiʻāina ʻo ʻAralakika, ua hopu ʻia nā ʻaila e hiki ke mālama ʻia e nā kino wai.
Ke noho maʻamau
Hoʻokuʻu ka huehue i ka nahesa, lohi. I ka wā e pōʻino ai, wikiwiki koke lākou i loko o ka silt a hūnā paha i nā ʻano o nā pā. I nā wahi haʻahaʻa, hiki i ka blackheads ke noho me ka wai i kahi lōʻihi. Hiki iā lākou ke neʻe iā lākou ma ka mauʻu, ma luna aʻe o ka hau a ma hope paha o ka ua, a hiki i ka palahalulu ʻōpala a i ʻole nā cobblestones, akā ma ka ʻāina kahi e hele ai lākou i nā wahi mamao. No laila, ʻae ʻia ka manaʻo e hiki ka pipi i ka pō ma nā māla i ke kahakai ʻoiai ke ʻimi nei i ka pī e ʻike ʻia a ʻike ʻole ʻia nā ʻike kūikawā.
ʻO nā wahi waiwai kūpono no nā home heel, ʻo ia nā kiʻi, nā loko nui a me nā kahe me nā kahe lohi. ʻO ke ʻano nui o kāna nohona he kūlana kiʻekiʻe o ka oxygen i loko o ka wai a me ka hele ʻana o nā mea meaʻai. ʻO ka wai waiū, kahi lalo pālolo, nui ʻia me nā mea pāpō wai, a me ka nui o nā iʻa o nā iʻa, nā kihi a me nā mea ʻino ʻē aʻe - he wahi kūpono kēia no ke ola. Hōʻike wale ʻia kāna hana i nā hola ʻumikūmālua, ʻoiai ʻo ia e hele ai i ka hopu. ʻAʻole maikaʻi ʻo Eel i ka ʻike maka, no laila ʻo kāna alakaʻi nui, ʻo ia ke ʻano o ka honi, ʻo ia ka mea e hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻolewa i nā ʻāpana haneli o nā mika a puni ka lewa i ka pouli. ʻO ka waila he iʻa thermophilic, no laila, hōʻike ia i ka hana koʻikoʻi i ka wa mahana wale nō. Ma waena o Rūsia, ʻo ia ka manawa mai ka mid-May a hiki i ka waena o Kepakemapa. I ka wā lulu, ke emi ka mahana o ka wai, ua emi ka hana koʻikoʻi o kēia iʻa. Ke hāʻule ka nui o ka wai i ka 9-11 degere, ua pani ka blackheads i ka ʻai a hāʻule i loko o kahi pākiko i hoʻokuʻu ʻia (hibernation). Hoʻokomo lākou iā lākou iho i ka palaka, peʻe me nā ʻeke, nā pōhaku, a me nā pā hale ʻē aʻe, mai kahi kahi i hele ʻole mai ai a hiki i ka pūnāwai.
ʻO ka kāwele o ka muliwai, kahi mea i hānai, e hele i ka pō i ka pō. I ka wā o ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o nā ʻano iʻa ʻē aʻe, ʻai ʻo ia i kā lākou mau hua moa, a ʻo kāna mau caviar punahele he cyprinids. ʻAi ka ʻai a nā mea ʻona a me ka iʻa liʻiliʻi (lampreys, sculpin), mea hou a me nā baki. I kekahi manawa aia nā ʻōpū, snails, crustaceans a me nā wī i meaʻai.
Ka ʻele ʻele - ka nohona, nā hana, ke ʻano o ka noho ʻana a me nā kiʻi he 125 o nā kahe a me nā ʻano o ka ʻele
I kēia manawa aia ka nui o nā iʻa. He mea hoihoi nui ʻia ka hapa o lākou, akā, ʻo ka hapa nui o lākou he ʻele. Mahalo nui hoʻi i ke ʻano o kona kino, a ma muli o ia, ua wehewehe pinepine ka poʻe i ka iʻa eel me he nahesa. ʻO kona lōʻihi ka lōʻihi o 1.5 mika a ke kaupaona nei ma kahi o 7 kg.
Loaʻa paha nā mea he nui i makaʻu i loko o ka hale kūʻai kūʻai aku ʻaʻole e kūʻai lilo aku, akā he mea nahesa nini, a no laila kūʻai pinepine nā kānaka iā ia e kūʻai. Eia naʻe, ka ʻele ʻa iʻa a iʻa nahelehele paha?
Aia kekahi mau hiʻohiʻona ʻē aʻe e hoʻokaʻawale iā ia mai nā nahe maʻamau - ʻaʻohe mea kaupaʻi ma kona kino, a ua uhi ʻia hoʻi i ka kaʻe molous. Nui hoʻi ma ka huelo kahi kālā kālā nui, e ʻae iā ʻoe e eli i ka lepo.
Koi lawaiʻa
Kūleʻa ka ʻele i ka mālamalama i ka lā Hāʻawi ka ua a me ke ao i ka lawaiʻa piha. I ke koho ʻana i kahi no ka lawaiʻa ʻana i nā loko, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi e koho i kahi kahua i pili ʻia i nā wahi ākea ākea o nā mea kanu aku.
I loko o nā loko e noho ai i nā wahi hohonu o ka wai ma nā wahi i lalo kahi lalo a uhi ʻia i nā mea kanu. ʻO ka malu o ka eel i ka muliwai, hiki i nā aʻa lāʻau, nānaki ma waena o nā pōhaku, nā ʻōpio kahiko i awe ʻia i loko o ka wai, a me nā hua o nā ʻoki nā lālā. ʻO kēia hoʻi nā ʻāpana ma ka muliwai me nā ʻauka kiʻekiʻe, ʻaʻole mamao loa mai ka peʻina kumu, kahi i hoʻokumu ʻia ai nā lua kūlohelohe, ma waena o nā pā pōhaku, nā wai kahawai, nā kumu lāʻau ʻōwili, nā hale hana ma ka lalo.
I ka pūnāwai, hiki ke hopu ʻia i ka kuʻu i nā muliwai a hiki i ke kahawai nui, ʻoiai e pale koke i kēia iʻa i ka wai e kahe ana, ke ʻimi nei i nā wahi pāpale e ʻoluʻolu me nā wahi leʻaleʻa.
No ka hopu ʻana i nā hāmeʻa, pono ʻoe e hoʻomākaukau maikaʻi. ʻO nā lako no ka lawaiʻa e ikaika a paʻa. ʻO ka pōpoki liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi ka ikaika a ʻo ka ikaika. Hōʻike pinepine ia i ka lawaiʻa o ka iʻa, hoʻopili ʻo ia me kona kino i lalo i ke aʻa o ke kai, nā lālā a me nā algae, kahi paʻakikī loa ka hoʻoiho mai ka wai. I kēlā mau kūlana, e kōkua ke kōkua pono ʻole. ʻAʻole maʻalahi ka hoʻololi i kēia iʻa.
Nui nā ala ʻē i hopu ai: i ka laina plumb, i kahi pono, ma ka donka, ma ke "aniani", me ka pelika pūpule.
I ke kauwela, hopu nui ʻia nā ʻele e nā ʻōpū lalo. He maʻalahi, he ikaika ka lawaiʻa a me ka hīnaʻi pono hilinaʻi me ka reel a maikaʻi ʻole.
ʻO ka mau hua manu heel e hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ʻole he iʻa liʻiliʻi - iʻa iʻa, kahi ʻāpana o ka ʻōpala, nā wahi i make o ka iʻa 6-7 cm ka lōʻihi o nā ʻāpana. I ka pūnāwai, makemake ʻo ia e ʻai i ka leophes, nā ʻōpio o nā koikoi aquatic, nā ʻūlū a me nā koina lepo. ʻO ke kauwela a me ka ʻohi, e hele pinepine ia i ka iʻa a i ʻole nā iʻa make. ʻAʻole hoʻowahāwahā ka iʻa iʻa no nā nozzles lāʻau. Ua loaʻa ʻo ia i ka pane ʻana i ka tiʻa, nāala, ka ʻaihue a i ʻole nā ʻomaʻomaʻo paha.
Nā ʻano like a me nā hiʻohiʻona
Nui a hewahewa nā ʻano like ʻole. Akā ʻo nā mea maʻamau loa:
- ʻEila uila. Mālama ʻia kēia iʻa me ka ʻaila uila. ʻO kēia ma muli o kona hiki ke hoʻoulu i ka ikehu hiko. Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i kēia ʻano o nūpepa i ke kiʻi mua. ʻO ka lōʻihi loa e hiki ai i kekahi iʻa ke hiki aku i nā mika he 3 mika, ʻo ka pākiha e hiki ke piʻi i ka 40 kilograms
- ʻO ka ʻāpana o ke kai, ke kiʻi o kahi i waiho ʻia ma lalo o ke kiʻi o kahi kaila elele. Hiki i kēia iʻa ka lōʻihi o 3 mau mika ka lōʻihi, a ʻo kona paona he 100 kilograms,
- Kahaile kaila. Mālama ʻia kēia iʻa ma ke ʻano heeluna Pākehā. ʻO kāna kiʻi ke kolu o ka lālani. I ka lōʻihi, hiki i kahi o 1 mika, a ma ke kaupaona - 6 kilograms. Akā i kahi hihia hopu i kahi kanaka i hopu ʻia e kaupaona ʻia ma mua o 12 kilograms ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia.
ʻAʻole uhi ʻia ke kino o ke kuʻekuʻe uila me nā unahi, he elongated, ua ʻāʻī ʻia ma nā ʻaoʻao a i hope, a me ke kaʻe ʻana i mua. ʻO kaʻeleʻele'ōmaʻomaʻo ka pākeke a me ka ʻāpana o ke poʻo ka ʻulaʻula. ʻO ka iʻa he emerald mau maka ʻula a me kahi aniani nani o ka pulu anal. ʻO kaʻili kukui he hoihoi i nā kino e hoʻopuka ai i ka uila a noho a me ka 66% o ka lōʻihi o ke kino holoʻokoʻa. Me kā lākou kōkua, e hoʻopuka kekahi kaila wai me ka mana a hiki i ka 1 Ampere a me kahi laʻa a hiki i 1300 V.
ʻO ke koena o ka moana he kino a me ka nahesa a, ʻaʻole i uhi ʻia me nā unahi. Ua papalulu ʻia kona poʻo, ma ka hope o ka iʻa he waha ʻokoʻa e ka lehelehe mānoanoa. He ʻeleʻele a ʻeleʻele paha ka poli o ke kino, a ʻo ka ʻōpū me ka ʻulaʻula a i ʻole ke kala ʻula. ʻO ka brown a anal and dorsal ke kukui keʻokeʻo, akā he palena kala lākou, he mea maopopo loa i ke kiʻi. Loaʻa nā iʻa keʻokeʻo ma ka laina o hope.
ʻO ka ʻeleʻEulopa ke kino elongated, hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻia ma hope. Uhaʻi ʻia ke kino me nā unahi liʻiliʻi, aneane ʻike ʻole ʻia. Paʻi ʻia ka hope o ka iʻa me ka pala ʻōmaʻomaʻo, a ʻo ka ʻōpū ma ka ʻala ʻo ka melemona. Hoʻopili ʻia ke kino holoʻokoʻa i ka ʻōpū, ma lalo o nā unahi elongated i peʻe ai.
Kauʻai
ʻO ka kāwele o ka muliwai, kahi mea i hānai, e hele i ka pō i ka pō. I ka wā o ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o nā ʻano iʻa ʻē aʻe, ʻai ʻo ia i kā lākou mau hua moa, a ʻo kāna mau caviar punahele he cyprinids. ʻAi ka ʻai a nā mea ʻona a me ka iʻa liʻiliʻi (lampreys, sculpin), mea hou a me nā baki. I kekahi manawa aia nā ʻōpū, snails, crustaceans a me nā wī i meaʻai.
ʻO ka leka uila ka mea ʻokoʻa. Ua ʻai ʻo ia i ka mea i hopohopo ʻia e ke kahe ʻana o ka uila. Eia kekahi, ʻaʻole mau ka uila i hana mau ʻia: ʻo ka nui o nā waʻa e pau mau ai. ʻAʻole ia no kahi pilikia no kekahi kanaka, akā ʻo ka haʻalulu uila hōʻeha ʻeha iā ia.
ʻAno hānau
Ua hiki i kaʻeleʻele keʻeleʻele e pili pono i nā iʻa ʻē aʻe: ma ka 5-12 mau makahiki. Ka kahi o ka wahi e noho ai kēia ʻelele o ka ichthyofauna, ma kahi kahawai wai ʻole paha, hele wale ka mālaʻi i loko o ke kai. E wehewehe kēia i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo a ke ola wale nō nā ʻano wai i loko o nā papa o ka moana: i ka wā i hiki ai lākou i ka wā, ua iho ka iʻa i lalo i ka wai a hoʻomau i loko o ke kai e hoʻomau i ka pili.
Aia ka wai i ka wai i ka + 16 ... + 17 degere Celsius, hoʻomaka ka manawa spawning. ʻOi aku ka nui o ka wahine o nā wahine i loko o nā ʻelele moana o nā maiʻa (ʻehā 7-8 miliona huaʻai), loaʻa i nā hua wai he 500000 hua. O ke anawaena o na hua he like me 1 milimita. Puku ke kai i hope koke o ka make ʻana o ke kāʻili. Hoʻolaʻa ka ʻōkuhi mai nā hua hua, ma ka holo mua ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka wai.
ʻAʻole loaʻa nā ʻano o Eel a hiki i ka wā ʻōpiopio. ʻO ka maʻamau, ʻike ʻia nā ʻokoʻa a ka wahine ma ka iʻa a he 9–12 mau makahiki. Ma ka manawa like, ua uliuli loa ka kuila mai hope, a ua lilo nā ʻaoʻao a me ʻōpū i kālā. ʻAʻole paʻa nā kānaka ʻepekema i ke kumu e hana lōʻihi ai ka ʻaila i nā kai kai no ka hoʻoulu.
No laila, ʻo ka ʻele iʻa iʻa iʻa i loaʻa ka palatability kiʻekiʻe. Akā ʻo ka ʻele maʻamau ʻo ia ka iʻa kūikawā, ke ʻano kūʻokoʻa e hui pū ʻia ai me nā mea hoʻohālike o ka helehelena, ke ʻano o ke ʻano o nā mea kupanaha, a me kahi wahi e koho maʻamau ai he ʻano hemo.
ʻO ka kumu o ke ʻano a me ka wehewehe
Whakaahua: ʻO River Eel
ʻO kahi pikwa chord pikaya liʻiliʻi, kahi i noho ai ma ka Honua 530 miliona mau makahiki i hala aku nei, ua manaʻo ʻia he lawaiʻa ia. He liʻiliʻi lākou i ka nui - hapa wale no ka cm, akā i ka manawa like a like ke ʻano like o ka huehue me lākou i nā neʻe o ka neʻe - neʻe lākou ma ke ʻano, e hoʻokuʻi ana i ke kino. Akā ʻaʻole kēia mau mea hoʻopunipuni. ʻAʻole i like me nā lampreys, ke anele i loko o ka iʻa a paʻa ʻia nā ʻaina, ʻo ia hoʻi, he mau miliona mau makahiki i hala aku nei. ʻOiai ke ʻano like nā conodonts i nā kūmole i ka helehelena, ʻo kekahi o ka iʻa mua ʻole i noho ma hope i Cambria.
Hōʻike ʻia ka maxillary i ka manawa Silurian: ʻo ia hoʻi, a me nā mea ʻelua aʻe, ʻo Devonian a me Carbon, i manaʻo ʻia ʻo ia ka manawa o ka pua kiʻekiʻe loa o ka iʻa, ʻo lākou nā holoholona nui a me nā holoholona nui ma ka lewa. Akā i waiho iki ʻia nā mea liʻiliʻi e noho ana i ka honua ma mua - ua nui ka hapanui o nā ʻano iʻa o kēia manawa.
Wikiō: Eel River
ʻO nā iʻa pōpoki, i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia e like me ke ʻano ʻaila like ʻia, i ka wā mua o ka wā Jurassic a i ʻole ma ka hopena o ka Triassic. I kēlā manawa, hiki pū nā luna o nā loiloi like ʻole o Ugric, ʻaʻole naʻe i ka manaʻo o nā mea noiʻi e pili ana i kēia pilikia: manaʻoʻiʻo kekahi e hala ma hope, i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka Paleogene.
ʻO nā mea ʻē aʻe, ma kahi ʻē aʻe, e hilinaʻi ana i nā mea like o nā mea ola fossil, e hōʻike ana i ke kumu o ko lākou mau kūpuna i nā wā kahiko.No ka hoʻohālikelike, ʻike ʻia kahi iʻa piha o Tarrasius, nona ka Carboniferous ka wā like a like me ka eel i ke kaila. Akā ʻo ka manaʻo nui he ʻano like ʻole kēia. ʻO ka wahela o ka wai i wehewehe ʻia e C. Linnaeus i 1758, ʻo ka inoa Latin i ka inoa ʻo Anguilla anguilla.
ʻIke maoli nō: Ka kāwele kahiko - ʻo Putt kona inoa, noho i loko o kahi hale aku i Sweden no 85 mau makahiki. Ua loaʻa ʻo ia ma ka liʻiliʻi ʻo 1863 a ua pakele i nā kaua ʻelua.
Nā hiʻohiʻona a me nā hiʻohiʻona
ʻO ke kiʻi: ʻO wai ka eel wai e like
Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā ʻeke e kahi kino lōʻihi loa, no ka mea he nui lākou e like me nā nahesa i mua o nā iʻa - ma mua o kēia, no kekahi mau ʻāina ʻaʻole lākou i ʻai ʻia, no ka mea ʻaʻole i ʻike ʻia ʻo ia. ʻO ka mea ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole kēia he iʻa, akā ʻoluʻolu loa: i manaʻo ʻia nā ʻila he ʻaila maikaʻi, ʻoiai he ʻano ʻino paha ko lākou helehelena.
Hiki i ke kala o ka hāwela: ʻanuʻu, ʻeleʻele a ʻōmaʻomaʻo a ʻulaʻula hoʻi ke kua me kahi ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo - e hilinaʻi nei i kahi o kona noho ʻana. ʻO ka hopena, paʻakikī ka iʻa i ka wā e nānā ai i ka wai mai luna. Hiki i kona ʻaoʻao a me kona ʻōpū mai ke melemele a ke keʻokeʻo - maʻa mau ke aniani e ulu ana me kou wā ʻelemakule.
He liʻiliʻi loa nā unahi, a ua uhi ʻia kona ʻili me kahi papakū o ke aniani, no laila ke kumu e leʻe a me ka ʻohi - hiki i ke kuʻo maʻalahi ke huli mai ka lima, no laila e paʻa pono ʻoe. Hiki i ka iʻa kiʻekiʻe ke ulu aku i 1.6-2 m, a paona 3-5 kg.
Kūpono ʻia ke poʻo o kahi kāwele mai luna mai, ʻo kona kino ma ke poʻo o kahi ʻano cylindrical, e hele lūlū i ka hiʻu, ua pālahalaha nā mea āpau. I ka wā o ka neʻe, kuʻi ka ʻili me ke kino holoʻokoʻa, akā hoʻohana mua ia i ka huelo. ʻ yellowleʻele a ʻike ʻia kona mau maka no ka iʻa, nāna nō hoʻi e hāʻawi i ka hoʻomaka ʻana.
Heʻuʻuku wale nā niho, akā hoʻonohonoho i nā lālani. Ma waho aʻe o nā pua pectoral, hāhā ia a lōʻihi loa: hoʻomaka lākou i kahi mamao mai nā loina pectoral a hoʻomau i ka huelo o ka iʻa. Hōʻike maopopo ʻia ka laina lateral. Kohe nui ka ʻila: inā paha he kumu nui kona hōʻeha e make ai ʻo ia, akā inā hoʻomalu ʻo ia e pakele, ʻoiai paha ma hope o kekahi mau mahina e aneane ai kona ola ʻana, ke ʻole ʻo ia i loaʻa i kahi pōpoki.
ʻAuhea ke ola kaila wai?
Kuhi: kahi kāwele wai ma ka wai
Ke kapa ʻia nei ka ʻele o River me ʻEulopa, no ka mea ke ola ʻoʻEulopa wale nō ma ʻElopa: ma waho o ka ʻĀpana ʻAmelika wale nō a ma kekahi wahi liʻiliʻi ma Asia Minor. I loko o ʻEulopa, ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka ʻōlelo i kahi i kahi: Ma na kahawai e kahe ana iloko o na kai e ae e holoi ana i Europa, ua loaa.
ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole kēia manaʻo ke loaʻa i nā kahawai a pau: makemake ʻo ia i ka ʻoluʻolu i nā kahawai me ka wai mālie, no laila ke ʻike pinepine ʻole ʻia ai ia ma nā muliwai wikiwiki. ʻO ka nui nā kānaka e noho ana i loko o nā kahawai e kahe ana i ka moana Helu a me Baltic.
Ua pālahalaha ke kaila ma loko o ke Komohana a me ʻEulopa, akā, ʻo ka palena no kona kahakaha ʻana ma ka hikina, he mea paʻakikī loa ia: ʻike ʻia ma ka Semana Balkan i ka ʻaoʻao hema o Bulgaria, akā, a laila ua hele pololei ka palena i ke komohana a hele i ke kahakai komohana o ka Balkans. Ma Austria, ʻaʻole i loaʻa ka waʻa nolo.
I ʻEulopa Hikina, ke ola nei ʻo ia:
- i ka hapa nui loa o ka Repubalika,
- aneane loa ma Polokia a me Belarus,
- ma Ukraine hiki iā ʻoe ke hālāwai me ia ma nā wahi liʻiliʻi ma ke komohana ʻākau,
- a puni nā mokuā Baltic
- ma ka ʻākau o Rusia a hiki i nā mokuʻo Arkhangelsk a me Murmansk.
Aia pū kekahi ma waena o Scandinavia a me nā mokupuni e kokoke ana iā ʻEulopa: Nui Britain, ʻUlani, Iceland. Mai kahi wahi o kona kaʻana i hiki ke ʻike ʻia ʻaʻole i ka hiki ʻole i ka pā wai: hiki ke hoʻomāo ʻia, e like me nā kahawai o ka moana Kaiā, a me ke anu, a like me kēlā mau mea e kahe ana i ka Moana Kai.
Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ka ʻili a me ke kumu no ka hiki iā ia ke pehu i waho o kahi kōpau a neʻe hoʻi i luna o ka ʻōpala a me ka honua - no ka laʻana, ma hope o ka ua. No laila, hiki iā lākou ke lanakila aʻe i kekahi mau kilomita, ma muli o kahi hopena e pau ai i loko o kahi loko paʻa. Me ka wai ʻole, hoʻolimalima maʻalahi lākou i nā hola he 12, ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī, akā hiki nō hoʻi - a i ʻelua lā. Kuʻi akula lākou i loko o ke kai, akā ʻo ka manawa mua wale nō a me ka hope o ko lākou ola ma laila, ke hoʻopau nei lākou i ke koena o ka manawa e noho ana ma nā muliwai.
ʻĀnō ʻike ʻoe i kahi i loaʻa ai ka eel. E nānā kākē ʻia i kēia iʻa.
He aha nā meaʻai e ka ʻai?
Whakaahua: ʻO Eel River Fish
ʻO ka papaʻai o ka ʻāpana e pili ana:
Holo lākou i ka pō, me nā ʻōpio ma mua o ka wai pāpū kokoke i ke kapakai, a me nā pākeke, i ka wai hohonu ʻole i ka wai. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hopu iā lākou i ke ao, ʻoiai i kēia manawa ʻaʻole lākou i hana. ʻO ka hapanui e ʻimi nei i nā iʻa liʻiliʻi e noho kokoke ana ma lalo, e like me nā ʻili. Inā ʻaʻole ʻoe e ʻike, hiki iā lākou ke ala aʻe i luna.
ʻO ʻEle, ʻo ka ʻōpio, ʻo ia kekahi o nā mākaʻi nui no ka caviar o nā iʻa ʻē aʻe, ʻoi loa nā cyprinids. Nui kona aloha nui iā ia, a i ka manawa o ke kikowaena mau a hiki i Mei-Iune, ʻo ia ka caviar i lilo i kumu o kāna papa. Ma ka hope o ke kauwela, e hoʻololi i nā crustaceans, ʻai i nā palaoa.
Hana ʻia lākou i ka pā pōkā a me ka ʻōhū ʻai, no laila, ma kēlā mau awa i loaʻa i laila ka nui o kēia iʻa, ʻike nā ʻeleʻele. ʻAʻole pono ia hiki ke ʻai wale ʻana ma ka wai wale nō, akā ma ka ʻāina hoʻi: ke holo nei lākou i ka uka e hopu i ka amphibian a ʻōpū. Hiki i nā kuila nui ke kālai i nā heihei wai.
ʻOiai ke ʻimi nei lākou i loko o ka pōʻeleʻele, a he maikaʻi ʻole ko lākou ʻike, akā hiki iā lākou ke koho pololei i ka wahi o ka mea i make, inā he 2 mau mita a kokoke paha iā lākou, he ʻano maikaʻi nō lākou, ʻo ia hoʻi ke ʻano o kahi honi. ʻAi ʻia nā ʻaila aniani i nā ʻōpū a me nā crustaceans - ʻo lākou iho ka liʻiliʻi a me ka nāwaliwali e hopu ai i nā amphibians, nā iʻa liʻiliʻi a i ʻole kāwī paha.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o ke ʻano a me nā ʻano hana
Kiʻi ʻele: ʻO ka waʻa ʻele ma Rusia
Hoʻohana nā Blackheads i ka pō, akā kau i nā lā e hoʻomaha ana i nā lua, a e moe paha ma lalo, e piʻo ana i ka silt - i kekahi manawa a hohonu a hiki i kahi mita. ʻElua mau hoʻoheheʻe mau ka waelele mau, maʻa mau ʻia ma lalo o kekahi ʻano ʻano pōhaku. Hiki iā lākou ke hoʻomaha ma kahakai, i nā aʻa o nā kumu lāʻau: ʻo ka mea nui ka malie a maluhia ka wahi.
ʻO ka hapa nui o ka manawa a lākou e hoʻopau ai ma kahi e pili ana i lalo a i ʻole, makemake lākou e hūnā i nā hale moe, nā ʻano puʻu like ʻole, nā mea nui a me nā momi. I ka manawa like, ʻaʻole pono kahi hohonu nui: hiki iā ia ma waena o ka muliwai, ʻaʻole hohonu loa kahi wahi e kokoke ana i ke kapakai. Akā i kekahi manawa ke ʻike ʻia lākou ma ka papa, inā paha ke kahe ʻana o ka wai: i kēia manawa, ʻike ʻia nā loiloi a i ʻole nā ʻāpana i loko o nā pale i kokoke i kapakai, i nā whirlpool e kokoke kokoke ana. Makemake lākou i ka wā i uhi ʻia ai ka lalo i lalo o ka pālolo a i ka pālolo, akā ma nā wahi kahi e pohala ai a pāpū paha, ʻaʻole hiki ke hālāwai me kēia iʻa.
Mai ka hopena o ka pūnāwai a me ke kauwela āpau e neʻe nei ka peto: iho lākou i lalo a laila lana e lele i nā wahi helehelena, ka lanakila ʻana i nā mamao lōʻihi. Paʻu wale nā minuna i ka manawa hoʻokahi (ma hope o ka make ʻana) a ola lākou no 8-15 mau makahiki, a i kekahi mau manawa, ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o 40 mau makahiki, no ka mea wale nō o kekahi hapa o lākou e komo i ke kaʻina. I ka hoʻoilo, hoʻoilo ke blackheads i ka lua o ka wai a peʻe paha i kā lākou lua. ʻAʻole lākou i hoʻohālikelike i ka hoʻoulu ʻana o waho, e hoʻoliolo ka nui o nā kaʻina hana i ko lākou kino, e hiki iā lākou ke hoʻopau i ka nui o ka ikehu a ʻaʻole hoʻi e ʻai manawa i kēlā manawa.
Akā ma ka pūnāwai, ke emi nui nei lākou i ka paona, a ma hope o ke ala ʻana e hoʻomaka lākou e hānai pono iā lākou iho. Hoʻomau ka hapanui o nā ʻāpana i nā lā hānau, akā ʻaʻole ka mea: mau nō ka hoʻoilo i ka hoʻoilo, ʻoi loa ka pili ʻana i nā kaila o nā kahawai me nā loko.
ʻO ka hoʻolālā ʻenehana a me ka hana hou
Whakaahua: ʻO Giant River Eel
ʻO ka huki ʻana, nā kaila mai nā kahawai āpau e holo i ke kai Sargasso. No ka hana ʻana iā lākou, pono iā lākou ke hoʻokō i nā wahi lōʻihi: i kēlā mau iʻa e noho ana ma nā muliwai Russia, a hiki i 7,000 - 9,000 km. Aka, e holo ana lākou ma laila - ma kahi i hānau mua ai lākou. Aia i loko o kēia kai kahi kūpono kūpono loa no nā larel o eel i kapa ʻia ʻo leptocephalus. Kūpono ka mālama ku ana ma nā hohonu hohonu - 350-400 m.Koʻe i ka eel wahine a 350-500 tausani hua liʻiliʻi, pākahi ma kahi o 1 mm o ke anawaena, a laila make.
Ma hope o ka hatching, ua aneane nā poloka - hāʻawi lākou iā lākou me ka palekana maikaʻi mai nā mea wānana. ʻIke wale ʻia ko lākou mau ʻeleʻele i loko o ka wai. ʻAʻohe like lākou i ko lākou mau mākua i hana ʻia lākou i like me kekahi ʻano like ʻole - ua paʻa ka poʻe ʻepekema i ka mea huna o ka hoʻohālikelike i nā ʻuna, a ua lilo ka inoa leptocephalus i loko o kā lākou olakino.
Ma hope o ka hānau ʻia ʻana o ka leptocephalus, ʻō a kiʻi ʻia a hoʻopili ʻia e ke Kai Kai kō. Me kēia manawa o ka leptocephalus e holo lūlū i ʻEulopa. I ke komo ʻana o ka iʻa kokoke i nā kahakai o ʻEulopa, a laila komo i loko o nā estuaries, ua kapa ʻia ʻo ia he eel glass. I kēia manawa, ulu a iʻa ka 7-10 cm, akā koke koke ma ke ala i ka muliwai ua pau ka ʻai ʻana no ka manawa lōʻihi a hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka nui a hoʻokahi a me nā hapa. Ke loli nei kona kino, a lilo ʻo ia i waho e like me ka ʻelemakule makua, a ʻaʻole like me ka leptocephalus, akā mau nō hoʻi ke nūhou - no laila ke hui pū ʻana me ke aniani.
A me ʻoe e piʻi aku i ka muliwai, loaʻa i ka puhikuhi ka ʻula o kahi pākeke, ma hope o kona kaila ʻana i ka koena o kona ola ma laila: ke noho nei kēia iʻa ma ka muliwai no 8-12 mau makahiki a ulu mau, no laila, ma ka pau o ke ola hiki iā lākou ke ulu a hiki i 2 mika. . ^ E Ha yM.
ʻO nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe o ka wai kaila
Whakaahua: ʻO River Eel
ʻAʻohe mea hoʻomaʻamaʻa hoʻomaʻamaʻa nui no ka ʻeleʻele. Hoʻoweliweli ʻaʻohe kanaka i hoʻoweliweli i nā kānaka pākahi i ka helehelena ke kū nei lākou i ka muliwai: ua nui ka nui ʻaʻole lākou e makaʻu i ka iʻa a i ʻole nā mea ʻona. Akā i ke kai hiki iā lākou keʻai me ka hiu a tuna paha.
ʻO nā ʻōpio ʻōpiopio i ulu ʻole i nā nui nui, hiki ke hoʻoweliweli ʻia e ka iʻa kai e like me ka pike, a i ʻole manu: cormorants, gulls a pēlā aku. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole hiki ke ʻōlelo ʻia he ʻōpio ʻōpio nui he nui nā weliweli ma ka muliwai. ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o ka palaoa no ka mea paʻakikī loa, ʻaʻole e hōʻike ʻia leptocephalus: nui ka poʻe predator e ʻai nei iā lākou.
Akā ʻo nā ʻenemi nui nā kaele. Ua manaʻo ʻia kēia iʻa he mea maikaʻi loa, no ka mea he palupalu a he nui nā ʻiʻo, no laila e hana paʻa ana ia. ʻAʻole ʻo ka lawaiʻa wale nō, a ʻo nā hana ʻē aʻe a kekahi hopena maikaʻi loa i ka heluna. ʻAʻole pili ka hopena i ka wai i kā lākou mau kānaka ma ke ala maikaʻi loa, me ka hana ʻana i nā ʻōpala e pale ai iā lākou mai ka mokulele.
ʻIke maoli nō: No ke aha e kū ʻole ai nā ʻaila i kēia manawa e kū i luna. ʻO ka ʻōlelo maʻamau ka wehewehe ʻana i kēia me ka neʻe o ka ʻinika: ʻo ka ʻili ma kahi kokoke i ka moana ʻo ʻAmelika ma mua, a i kēia manawa, i ka wā e ulu nui ai ka mamao, hoʻomau lākou i ka hana.
Ke ʻano o ka noho ʻana a me nā ʻano
ʻO ke kiʻi: ʻOiai he mea like me ka eel wai
Ma mua, ua nui loa ka heluna o nā blackheads ma nā ʻāina ʻEulopa. Ma kekahi mau wahi ʻaʻole i paʻa ʻia lākou, ke manaʻoʻiʻo nei ua nele ka nui, a hānai iki paha iā lākou i ka holoholona, no ka mea, eia ka nui o nā aneli ua hele mai ma ke ʻano o ka hopu. Hoʻopau maoli nō kēia ma ka Iberian Peninsula, kahi i hopu ʻia ai nā nui o ke kuʻekuʻe.
Ma nā'āina ʻē aʻe, ua lōʻihi lākou i kaʻai a aloha ʻia, ua paʻa loa lākou i laila. Ua alakaʻi kēia i ka mea i hoʻemi iki ʻia ka nui o kēia iʻa e ka hapalua o ka makahiki XX. Ke hoʻomau nei ka lawaiʻa i nā kuʻuna, eia naʻe, ua hiolo nui ka nui o kona ana ma muli o kahi hāʻule o nā helu iʻa.
I ka hopena o ka makahiki 1990, ua hopu ʻia 8,000 mau ʻona haneli i kēlā me kēia makahiki, akā ua hiki ke ʻike ʻia i nā kānaka i kuhi ʻia. Ua hoʻomau ia i ka hāʻule ʻana i nā makahiki i hala aku nei, ma muli o kahi o ka nui o ka lawaiʻa e lilo i ʻano maʻalahi. I kēia manawa, ua lilo ka nui o ka wai kaila.
ʻO kāna pīpī i Sepania i kēia manawa, kūʻai aku no ka 1,000 euros i kilokileka e like me ka mea no ka poʻe waiwai. Ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka ʻele o ka muliwai i ka Puke Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ma ke ʻano he nui i pau i ka hoʻopau ʻia, ʻaʻole naʻe i pāpā ʻia kāna lawaiʻa - i ka liʻiliʻi loa ma nā ʻāina āpau. ʻO ke kauoha no ka International Union for Conservation of Nature e kaupalena i kāna hopu.
Kaona Eel Hoole
Kiʻi: Redhead River Eel
Ma muli o ka emi ʻana o ka nui o ka pulu wai a me kona hoʻopili ʻana i ka Puke Hoʻopau, ua lawe ʻia nā hana i nā ʻāina he nui e pale aku ai iā ia. ʻOiai ka mea i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ʻole ai kāna kīʻaha ʻole ke kumu, ua hoʻopiʻi pinepine ʻia ia. No laila, ma Finland, ua hoʻokumu ʻia nā palena maʻa nei: hiki ke hopu wale ʻia ke kuʻu i ka wā e hōʻea ai i kahi nui (e pono ke hoʻokuʻu ʻia i nā iʻa) a aia wale nō ke manawa. I ka hana ʻole ʻana o kēia mau lula, ua kau ʻia ka uku nui ma luna o ka lawaiʻa.
Ma Lūkia a me Belarus, ua lawe ʻia nā hana me nā waihona waiwai: ma mua, i nā manawa Soviet, ua kūʻai ʻia nā ʻāpana kīʻaha no kēia ma ʻEulopa, ʻĀnō i kēia manawa o ke kūʻai aku ma waho o ka EU, e hoʻopiʻi nui i kēia hihia. Pono e kūʻai ʻia nā kūʻai ma Morocco, a no ka mea he ʻāpana like ʻole, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka thermophilic, ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī.
Ma ʻElopa, e hoʻopakele i ka nui o nā ʻōhua holo holoholo, e hopu ana ia a ua hānai ʻia lākou ma nā mahiʻai, kahi ʻike ʻole lākou. Hoʻokuʻu ʻia nā ʻāpanaʻelemakule i nā muliwai: ʻoi aku ka nui o ke ola iā lākou. Akā, ʻaʻole pono ka hānai huaole i ka pio, no ka mea maʻamau wale nō lākou.
ʻIke maoli nō: Ke kolo nei ke kai mai kai kahakai i nā kai o ʻEulopa, e lana ana lākou i loko o ka wai mua loa e kū mai ana i ke ala, no laila ke hilinaʻi nui ʻia lākou i ka wahi e huli ai i uka. ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana o ka puʻu ākea o ka muliwai ka mea e lilo i ko lākou pahuhopu, no laila he nui nā ehe i loaʻa i loko o kā lākou papa.
A inā ua koho ke kaila i kahi pahuhopu, a laila hikiʻole ke hoʻohiolo iā ia: hiki iā ia ke hele i ka ʻāina a hoʻomau i ke ala, kaʻe ʻana i kahi kuʻuna, piʻi i kahi kāwele ʻē aʻe.
Kahaile kaila - ʻO kekahi hiʻohiʻona e hoʻowahāwahā i ka hoʻohana nui ʻana i ka nui o nā iʻa kālepa waiwai nui loa. I kēia, i mea e hoʻihoʻi hou ai i ka nui o nā aila, lilo ia i mau makahiki he nui ka hana hana hōʻino no ka pale aku a hānai iā lākou - ʻoi loa ka paʻakikī o ka hopena ma muli o ka manaʻo kīnā ʻole lākou i ka puʻupuʻu.
Hoʻolāʻau kuʻu
I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke kenekulia hope, ua noi ka 'ōpio biology a me nā mea kākau moku o Johannes Schmidt (ʻoiai ʻaʻole ʻo ia i kanakolu mau makahiki) ua aʻo ʻia ka hana hou o ka iʻa i loaʻa i ke kai ʻākau o ʻEulopa. Ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia kahi upical conical me nā liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi mai ka ʻaoʻao o ka moku. Ma hope o kekahi manawa, hoʻāla ʻia ka pūnaewele ma luna, a ʻo ka hoʻonohonoho ʻoluʻolu loa i nā mea a pau i hoʻomaka. ʻO ka mua, kahi iʻa nui, a laila kahi iʻa liʻiliʻi, ma hope o ka palaoa, ka ʻōpio - a pēlā aku a hiki i ka mea liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi, a hiki i nā hua manu. ʻO ka hoʻomanawanui a me ke ʻano, ua ʻohi ʻia kēia mau mea ma nā panakō, helu ʻia a me nā hopena i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i loko o kahi puke.
I ka makahiki 1904, holo ma luna o ka moku "Thor" ma nā mokupuni ʻo Faroe, ma waena o Iceland a me ke kahakai ʻo ʻEkolekona, ua loaʻa iā Schmidt i ka leptocephalus. Hoʻokahi wale. He mea paha ke ʻano o ka hopu ʻana i kekahi iʻa liʻiliʻi no ka holo holoʻokoʻa holoʻokoʻa? Akā, ua hoʻomaopopo ʻo Schmidt, me ke ʻano unerring o ka ʻepekema maoli, ʻo kēia ka hopena o kahi kaula, e huki ana i ka pahuhopu āpau. Ma hope o nā mea a pau, ʻaʻole i loaʻa ka leptocephalus mua i ka Strait o Messina. A ua hiki i ka poʻe ʻo Schmidt ke hōʻoiaʻiʻo i nā lālā o ka Kōmike Tenena no ka lawena ma ka moana e hiki ai i kēia manawa ke kumu nui o kāna hana e ʻimi ai i kahi e kūleʻa ai nā eʻe. "Ma laila ua liʻiliʻi koʻu manaʻo," i kākau ʻo Schmidt ma hope, "he aha nā hopena koʻikoʻi e kū mai i ke ala e hoʻoponopono ai i kēia pilikia."
I ka makahiki 1905, holo ʻo Thor ma nā wahi hema. Ua hiki i kēia manawa ke hopu i nā leptocephals haneli. Ke hele nei kekahi o lākou i ka loli, ʻoiai he mau maʻalahi ka ʻike ʻana. Ua hoʻomaopopo ʻo Schmidt ua lele nā kahe i kahi mamao ma ke kai ākea. Ma hea?
ʻAʻole i hāʻawi mai ka manawa o ka makahiki 1906 i ka mea hou aʻe, akā ua hōʻoiaʻiʻo i ka hopena o mua. ʻO ka makahiki aʻe, ʻaʻole i hele ʻo Schmidt i ke kai. Maikaʻi i kāna ʻano, ua hoʻohana ʻo ia i ka makahiki holoʻokoʻa a nānā i ka waiwai i loaʻa ai ma lalo o kahi microscope. I ka manawa a pau ka pīpī me ka mālama ʻana i ka hopu ma luna o ka papa i uku uku ʻia. Ka ʻike ʻana i nā leptocephals i hopu ʻia i nā wahi like ʻole, ʻike ʻia ʻo Schmidt ua like lākou a pau loa like like me kēlā me kēia. He kūlana koʻikoʻi loa kēia.Ua hōʻoia ʻia aia hoʻokahi ʻano ʻano e hiki ke kapa ʻia he eel European. Ua haʻi aku kahi lewa iā Schmidt e lele nā kuʻekuʻe āpau ma kahi hoʻokahi, aia paha ma kahi o ke kikowaena o ka moana Atlantika.
ʻO ka hana hou o ka ʻepekema e kūlike paha: mai 1908 a 1910, ua hoʻonohonoho hou ʻia ʻo Schmidt i nā huakaʻi, akā ma hea? I ke kai kūloko, ʻoiai ua maopopo ʻo ia e hānai nā ʻili i kahi wahi ʻē aʻe. No nā papa ʻelua i hoʻopau ʻia ma ke Kaiāulu, ua hōʻike ʻo Schmidt i hōʻike ʻia ʻaʻole i lele nā kiʻi ma aneʻi. Loaʻa ka nui o nā leptocephals i loaʻa. Eia kekahi, inā e hoʻohālikelike mākou i ka nui o nā larva me kahi o ko lākou hopu ʻana, loaʻa mākou i kahi kiʻi maikaʻi loa: ʻoi aku ka nui o Gibraltar, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka leptocephalus. A no laila, hele mai lākou a pau mai ka ʻAmelika Hui.
I kēia manawa hiki i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ʻāleʻa o ke Kaiʻāina ʻo Atlantika. Mai nā mokupuni ʻo Faroe a hiki i ka Azores, mai Azores a hiki i Newfoundland, mai laila a hiki i ka ʻāina ʻo Antilles - ʻo ia kekahi o nā ala o Schmidt. Aia he mau moku kalaiwa, i ka hana mana wale nō e hiki ai ke hoʻopakele i nā poʻe a me nā mea i hōʻiliʻili ʻia. Akā ʻaʻohe mea i hiki ke pale i ka Dane nānā i ke alo i kāna pahuhopu. ʻOiai ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke Kaua Honua, ua hūnā ʻia ka mea huna i hūnā ʻia e ka nui o nā eels. Ua hele kēia wahi i ka Moana Sargasso: ʻo ka leptocephals liʻiliʻi loa i hopu wale i nā hua ma laila e kokoke ana. ʻOiaʻiʻo, manaʻo ʻo Schmidt iā ia iho e kuleana e haʻi aku i kēia ma 1920 wale nō.
He kala hea ka kala?
ʻAʻole ʻano like nā kala o nā ʻele a ʻula ʻia e ka pono o ka camouflage i ka wā o ka hopu. No laila, ʻo ka manawa pinepine, ua pena ʻia nā ʻeleʻeleʻele i nā waihoʻoluʻu o ke hina hina, ʻeleʻele, ʻeleʻele a ʻōmaʻomaʻo paha. I kekahi manawa aia nā Spimens me kahi kala kiʻi ʻokoʻa. I keʻano o ka nui, nui ka nui o ka ʻeleʻele i ko lākou mau kaikua wai kai a hiki i ka lōʻihi o 3 m a kaupaona a hiki i 100 kg.
Ke ulu nei i ka eel
ʻO ka ʻakai kai, a me ka hāelele wai, he huahana momona maikaʻi loa. Ua kiʻekiʻe kona kumukūʻai, a inā ʻoe e aʻo iā lākou e hoʻoulu iā lākou a i ʻole liʻiliʻi e ulu iā lākou i nā kūlana mākeke i hana ʻia i nā aniani o nā aniani, he mea nui ka hopena o ka hoʻokele waiwai. No ka mea maoli, o ka manaʻo o kēia hana kahe e hoʻokō i nā hoʻokolohua ma ka mālo kūlohelohe o nā aila. Ma Iapana, ua holo like nā hoʻokolohua mai ka makahiki 1950. A laila ua hoʻomaka ko Iapana e hoʻāʻo e ulu i nā kuʻuna Kepani.
Eia ka wehewehe ʻana o nā hoʻokolohua i mālama ʻia e ka ʻepekema Kepani o Takahashi i 1972. Lawe 'o ia i nā kuana o nā kiʻi aniani i loaʻa mai English. I ka huina holoʻokoʻa, he ʻelua tausani ʻaila ke ana, ʻo ka paona awelika he 20,4 gram. Hāʻawi ʻia ka iʻa i hui ʻia i hoʻokahi mau lā i ka lā a ʻo ke kaupaona o ka hānai ʻana ma kahi o ʻelua a ʻekolu ʻekolu o ka koʻikoʻi o ka iʻa. Kahi mahina, hoʻokahi wai ka wai a kaupaona i nā iʻa a pau i ka lālani, e hoʻoholo ana i ko lākou kaupaona a me ko lākou kaupaona nui. Lawe ʻia ka paona o ka 150 grika ma ke kaona mana, a ʻo kēlā me kēia mahina i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka nui o nā iʻa i hōʻea kēia paona.
Hiki ke hōʻiliʻili ʻia ka hopena nui: ulu nui ʻo eel. ʻO ka nui o iʻa i hōʻea i ka paona hona, ʻelua wale nō a ʻekolu mau haneli i hoʻokahi mahina. He ʻumi lawaiʻa i lawe ʻia mai kēia mau kilokilo e hoʻopaʻa i kā lākou ʻano. ʻO ka nui o nā iʻa i puka aʻe ma ka palena ʻo 150-gram i male kāne. Eia naʻe, he kikoʻī kikoʻī hou e hōʻike nei i ka dinamics kupaianaha loa i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā kāne: i ka hui mua ʻana o ʻAukake, ʻumi mau iʻa i aʻo ʻia nā wahine. A laila loli nui i ke kiʻi: i Sepatemaba ʻelua mau kāne a ʻewalu mau kāne, ma ʻOkakopa - hoʻokahi a me ka ʻeiwa, kēlā, i Nowemapa ʻelua a me ʻewalu, i Kekemapa - kāne āpau. ʻO ka hoʻokolohua i pau i ka lā Dekemaba. Ua kaupaʻa ʻia kēlā me kēia iʻa, a ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia lākou a pau ma o ke paona i ʻekolu mau pūʻulu, mai kēlā me kēia iʻa 50 he hopu ʻia me ka pili ʻole o kā lākou kāne. Ua loaʻa hou kahi hopena kupaianaha: mau mau manawa he ʻumi a ʻoi aku nā kāne ma mua o nā wahine.
No ke aha ke ʻano ʻano ʻili he?
ʻAʻole ʻike ʻē iā mākou. Eia kekahi la o nā pilikia ʻole ʻia. No ke aha i hele aku ai nā poʻo uliuli āpau i kahi hoʻokahi, aia ma ka loko o Sargasso? Hiki i kekahi ke hāʻawi i kēia wehewehe. Pono ka huehue no ka hoʻoulu ʻana i kahi mahana a me ka paʻakai o ka wai. Ua puka koke lākou i waho o nā muliwai i loko o ke kai a kau i nā wahi e nui ai ka nui o ka wai, a no laila, i ka hopena, ua pau lākou i ka loko Sargasso.
Aia kekahi mau ʻike e hōʻoia nei i kēia hypothesis. Ua ʻike ʻia ua hāʻule nā anē i hāʻule i loko o ke Kai Hikina a ʻaʻole i lawe i ka wā o ka hoʻoulu ʻana: ma Gibraltar, loli nui ka wai o ka wai, a ua kū aʻe kēia laina hoʻokaʻihā ma mua o nā aniani, e like me ka pa pā. Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole ka maopopo kēia: pehea lā e ʻike ai nā kolo e noho ana i nā muliwai i ka mamao o ka ʻArika e pono ai lākou e hele i kahi huakaʻi ma mua o ko lākou mau hoahānau mai nā waʻa kokoke? Ma hope o nā mea a pau, hōʻea lākou a pau i ke kai Sargasso ma ka manawa like!
Ma ke kaiʻo Sargasso, ʻaʻole wale ka Europa, akā ʻo nā kuʻuna ʻAmelika. A laila hele i ka leptocephalus i nā palena o ka wahi a ka neʻe e huli nei i nā alapiʻi nui, e neʻe ana i nā ala like ʻole, a ʻoi aku ka mamao o ke kikowaena, ʻo ka wikiwiki. Pehea e "lele ai" a "ʻAmelika" e lele i kēia huila "Ferris wheel" ma ka manawa kūpono? Akā ka hopena o ka pelo i kēia hana paʻakikī loa: hele nā ʻano o kēlā me kēia wahi i kahi o ke komohana e lawe ai i kekahi a lawe i nā kapakai o ʻAmelika, aʻo nā poʻe ʻē aʻe e iho i ka palahalaha ʻo Gulf Stream, kahi e wikiwiki ai iā lākou i nā kahakai o ʻEulopa. E pau wale nā lapalapa. Ua hiki koke ke kīʻaha Pākīpika i hopu ʻia ma ka "West Express" ma ke kahakai: a ma hope iho, ua hoʻomaka ʻia ko lākou ʻano hoʻoilina no ka huakaʻi o nā makahiki ʻelua a me ka hapa mau. Ke kali like nei ka "ʻAmelika" i hoʻoholo e hana i kahi huakaʻi hele i ʻEulopa: e kaʻe lākou i ka metamorphosis ma waenakonu o ke kai a ʻaʻole lākou e ʻike i ka wai o ka wai i loko o lākou, ke ʻole kahi hiki ʻole iā lākou ke noho hou.
Nui ka ʻike i ka pehea e hoʻohālikelike ai ʻo nā huehue. I ka wā mua, ma ke ʻano o ka leptocephalus a me ka ʻaila kīʻaha, ʻo nā kānaka a pau e like me ka moekolohe. Ma hope o ka metamorphosis, ʻoka ʻia nā blackheads i ʻelua mau “ʻoihana” - e piʻi ana kekahi i nā kahawai, aʻo kekahi mau ma ka wai kahakai. ʻAʻole hiki ke ʻike i kahi ʻokoʻa ma waena o lākou; he mau kāne a me nā wahine nā kāne a me nā kolo. Akā ke hoʻomaka nei ke kāhea ʻana o ke Kaiʻo Sargasso, a lawe aku nā ʻalo. I ka manawa like, hoʻomaka lākou e lilo i kāne a wahine paha. I ka manawa like, nā ʻele e piʻi i nā muliwai e aneane nā wahine a pau, a ʻo nā kahakai hoʻi e lilo i kāne.
Huli ka hua maoli i hāʻawi i ka pehu i nā mea pono a pau no nā kūlana ʻelua, a wale nō i nā kūlana o waho e hoʻoholo ana e lanakila nō ia. ʻO nā hoʻokolohua ʻo Takahashi a me nā mea noiʻi Kepani e hōʻike i kēia ʻike. I waena o nā kāwele i ulu ʻia e lākou, he ʻumi mau manawa i loaʻa i ke kāne ma mua o nā wahine. Akā ma ka ʻāpana mua, ʻo nā haneli he haneli he mau wahine. A kaʻokoʻa ka ʻokoʻa i nā kūlana ola. ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, aia i kēia manawa ʻōlelo no nā geneticists. E kali kā mākou i ʻōlelo ai.
ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona a me ka noho ʻana o ka iʻa eel
ʻO kekahi ʻano ʻoluʻolu loa e noho ana i loko o ka wai o lalo o ka manu he eel. ʻO ka hiʻohiʻona nui o ka nānā aku i ke kino ʻeleʻele - elongated. ʻO kekahi me nā iʻa like-eel he ʻīlio naʻa, a heʻe pinepine lākou.
Ma muli o kona helehelena uʻi, ʻaʻole pinepine ia e ʻai ʻia, ʻo ia hoʻi ma nā wahi he hopu ia no ke kūʻai aku. Aia kona kino ma nā unahi, a ua uhi ʻia me ka mucus e hana ʻia e nā kelima kūikawā. Hoʻokaʻa ʻia nā dorsal a me nā pupu anal i ka wahi a hoʻokumu i kahi huelo, me ke kōkua o nā ʻāpana eelele i ke one.
Noho ka iʻa ma nā kihi he nui o ka honua, kahi ʻano ʻāina ākea ma muli o ka nui o ka nui o nā ʻano. Noho nā mea aloha-nui ka noho i ke Kai Kūʻai, kokoke i ke komohana komohana o ʻApelika, i ka Bay Bay o Biscay, i ke kai Atlantika, ʻaʻole pinepine i ka wā e holo ai i ka moana ʻĀina i ke kahakai komohana o Norewai.
ʻO nā ʻano like ʻole o nā kahe e kahe ana i loko o ke kai, ʻo kēia no ka mea wale e lawaiʻa wale ana ka moana. Aia nā moana i: Black, Barents, Northern, Baltic. Iʻa aila ʻele e noho ana ma ʻAmelika Hema wale nō, ʻoi loa ka ʻike ʻana ma ka ʻaoʻao o lalo o ka muliwai ʻo Amazon.
ʻO ke ʻano a me ke ʻano o ka iʻa eel
Ma muli o ka ʻike maka ʻole, ke makemake ʻo ka ʻele e hānai mai kahi hoʻohālua, a me ka hohonu hoʻi o ka hale hoʻonaninani a me ka hohonu o ka 500 m He hele ʻo ia i ka pō, a hoʻomaikaʻi i kona ʻano ʻono, ʻike koke ʻo ia i ka meaʻai, hiki iā ia ke iʻa iʻa liʻiliʻi, nā amphibians, crustaceans, huaʻa o nā mea ʻē aʻe. iʻa a me nā ʻano ʻehā ʻē aʻe.
Hana kiʻi ʻāpana ʻula ʻaʻole wale no ia mea hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻole, a hiki ʻole ke hoʻopaʻa ʻia iā ia i kona mau lima no ka mālamalama o kona kino. ʻO ke kaelila hakakā me nā neʻe huki hiki ke neʻe i ka ʻāina i ka wai.
ʻO ka mea ʻike maka ʻana iʻa eel fish kupaianaha, hiki iā ia ke neʻe aku mai kahi hōkele mai kekahi i kekahi, inā aia kekahi wahi liʻiliʻi ma waena o lākou. Ua ikeia no hoi ka poe o na kahawai e hoomaka i ko lakou ola ma ke kai a pau malaila.
I ka wā e holo ai, e holo ʻo ka iʻa i ke kai kahi e palena ai ka muliwai, kahi e poholo ana i kahi hohonu o 3 km a me nā huaʻala a laila e make. Kūleʻa ka ʻele pipi i nā kahawai.
Nā ʻ ofpei ʻeleʻele
Ma nā ʻokoʻa o nā ʻano ʻano, ʻekolu mau mea nui hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale: ka muliwai, ke kai a me ka hīmole uila. Kahaile kaila noho ma na kapawai muliwai a me na moana e pili ana me ia, ua kapaia ka Pake.
Aia kona lōʻihi i ka 1 mika a kaupaona ma kahi o 6 kg. Poʻu ʻia ka kino o ka ʻāpana i hope ma hope a elongated, ʻāpana ke kua i kahi ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo, a ʻo ka ʻōpū, e like me ka hapa nui o ka iʻa, ua ʻomaʻomaʻo ia. Kahawai ʻaila keʻokeʻo ʻaila e kūʻē i ko lākou mea aloha. ia ʻano ʻaʻa ʻele he mau ʻāpana nā mea i kau ʻia ma kona kino a ua uhi ʻia me ka uhi o kahi māla.
Meel eel eha oi aku ka nui o ka nui o kona kahe mika, hiki ke hiki ma 3 mika ka loa, a o kona huakai a hiki i 100 kg. ʻO ke kino elongated o ka eel conger e piha loa ana i nā unahi, ʻoi aku ka nui o ke poʻo i ka laulā.
ʻEleʻele hoʻi kona kino kino, loaʻa pū nā ʻōuli hina, ʻike ka ʻōpū i ke kukui, ke hōʻike nei i kahi kukui gula i loko o ka mālamalama. He ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ke kaila ma mua o ke kino, a aia kekahi laina ma ka ʻaoʻao o ke kahakai, e hāʻawi ana i kahi kikoʻī.
ʻO ka mea ʻē aʻe paha e hiki ke hoʻhoihoi i ka helehelena i ka helehelena, akā huli ke kūkaʻi hou aʻe, no ka mea, ʻo kekahi ʻano hua i kapa ʻia he eila elele. Ua kapa ʻia ia he eel uila.
Hiki i kēia iʻa ke hoʻohua i ka manawa o ka uila, ʻānōna kona kino, a maloʻo kona poʻo. Kūleʻa ka ʻele uila a hiki i ka 2.5 m ka lōʻihi, a he 40 kg ke kaumaha.
Hoʻonui ʻia ka uila i hoʻoiho ʻia e ka iʻa i loko o nā ʻāpana kūikawā, ka mea nona nā "kolamu" liʻiliʻi, a ʻo ka nui o ko lākou helu, ʻoi aku ka ikaika o ka nui e hiki ai ke kaila.
Hoʻohana ʻo ia i kona hiki i nā pahuhopu like, kumu nui e pale i nā pale nui. Eia nō hoʻi, ma ka hoʻouna ʻana i nā mea palupalu nāwaliwali, hiki i ka iʻa ke kamaʻilio, inā i loko o ka pōʻino koʻikoʻi ka huila e hoʻopuka ana i nā impulses he 600, a laila hoʻohana ʻo ia a hiki i 20 ke kamaʻilio.
ʻO nā mea kikowaena e hana ai i ka uila e noho ma mua o ka hapalua o ke kino holoʻokoʻa, e hoʻokaʻa lākou i nā mana ikaika e hiki ke hoʻowalewale i kahi kanaka. No laila, ʻike ʻoe i ka maopopo hea kahi iʻa ʻai me nā mea āu e makemake ai e hālāwai. Ke ʻae ʻana i ka meaʻai, ka māka uila me ke kumu ikaika ikaika e kuke ana i ka iʻa liʻiliʻi e kokoke ana i laila, a laila mālie mau ka ʻai ʻana.
Ka ʻai ʻEle
ʻOi aku ka iʻa ʻai i ka pō ma ka pō a me ka ʻele i ʻole kahi mea ʻē aʻe, hiki ke ʻai i nā iʻa liʻiliʻi, snails, palaka, ʻōpala. I ka hiki ʻana mai i ka iʻa ʻē aʻe, hiki i ka eel ke hānai i kā lākou caviar.
ʻAno pinepine ʻo ia i mau polū, ʻāleo i ka mink ma ke one me kāna ʻūʻū a peʻe ma laila, ʻaʻole wale ka poʻo i ka ʻili. I kahi uila uila, ʻo ka mea i hele ʻia ma ka manawa ʻole e pakele ai.
Ma muli o kona ʻano kūlike, ʻoluʻolu loa ka loaʻa ʻana o ka ʻele uila, e noho ana i kahi huikau, ke kali nei inā ʻili ʻia nā iʻa liʻiliʻi e kokoke kokoke ana iā ia, a laila hoʻopuka ʻia kahi wai uila ikaika e ʻike i nā kānaka ʻōpiopio i ka wā hoʻokahi - ʻaʻohe kanaka i hiki ke pakele.
Pulu i ka lalo o nā mea i hoʻopaʻa ʻia. No ke kanaka, ʻaʻohe pōpilikia ka huehue, akā hiki ke hōʻeha i ka ʻehaʻeha, a inā i ʻike ʻia kēia ma ka wai hāmama, he hopena no ka make.
Biology
ʻO ka iʻa migratory maʻamau. Hoʻolima ka hapa nui o ka eel European i ka wai wai, a pohihihi i loko o ke kai. Paʻi ola me metamorphosis. Holoi ia i ka pō ma nā wai pāpū ma kahakai, ʻoiai ke lawa ka nui o ka maunu i ke ao, inā ua kokoke ʻole i kahi. Mālama i nā huahelu pepeke, nā mollusks, mau baki, nā iʻa liʻiliʻi.
Holo manu
ʻO kahi kāwele he mea hānai kūpono, akā naʻe, ʻaʻole maikaʻi loa nā maka o ka maikaʻi. ʻO kahi wahi nohona maikaʻi e pili ana iā 500 mika ma lalo o ka wai, kahi āna e makemake ai e ʻimi i nā holoholona liʻiliʻi i ka pō.
He maʻalahi loa ke ala o kāna mau holoholona hihiu. E like me ka wā ma mua. Me ke kōkua o kona huʻu, e huki ʻo ia i kahi mink. Piʻi ʻo ia i laila a hiki wale ke ʻike wale ʻia kona poʻo, a laila kali ʻo ia i wā lōʻihi no ka waiwai.
ʻO ka mea ʻino paha, a makemake ke minamina i kāna mau hana hoʻohilahila. Hoʻopau ʻo Eel mai kona keʻena me ka wikiwiki nui a hopu i kahi iʻa hiki ʻole.
ʻO Habitat a me kahi noho
Noho ia ma nā wahi noho o ke kai Baltic moana, ma nā helu he nui loa - i nā kahe a me nā kahe o nā kīʻaha o nā Azov, ʻ ,leʻele, Keʻokeʻo, nā Pale, nā kahakai ʻo Caspian. Loaʻa ia ma nā wahi hoʻopukapuka he nui o ka ʻāpana ʻEulopa o Rusia.
Hiki iā ia ke pale aku i nā wahi nui o ka ʻāina ma o ka mauʻu ka ua mai ka ua a i ka hau, e neʻe ana mai kahi kahuhina wai a hiki i kahi mea ke ʻike ʻia i nā loko paʻa ʻole. Makemake nā puna wai mālū, akā naʻe, loaʻa i loko o nā puʻuwai wikiwiki. Mālama ʻia ia i nā ʻaoʻao o lalo i nā hohonu like a me nā kahe o lalo o nā pā, i hiki ai iā ia: ke bao, kahi pālio, nā mākaʻu, nā nāhelehele pōpala.
Pili kanaka
ʻO ia kahi hana i ka lawaiʻa lawaiʻa. Ka hopu honua he (tausani ʻona): 1989 - 11.4, 1990 - 11.1, 1991 - 10.1, 1992 - 10.7, 1993 - 9.5, 1994 - 9.4, 1995 - 8.6, 1996 - 8.5, 1997 - 10.1, 1998 - 7.5, 1999 - 7.5, 2000 - 7.9. Ka hopu ʻia nā kaila o nā kahe me nā ʻōpala, nā mākeke a me nā pono lawaiʻa, a he hana i nā lawaiʻa lawaiʻa.
He ʻaʻano palupalu a me ka kīʻaha Pākehā. Hiki ke hoʻomoʻi, paʻi a ʻili ʻia. Mai ka hāmila, kū ʻia nā "ʻEle i Kūleʻa". Ma Kelemānia ʻAmelika, ʻo ka ʻele sopele he kīʻaha maʻamau.
I ka makahiki 2010, ua hoʻohui ʻo Greenpeace i ka ʻele o ka muliwai ma kāna papa inoa Red (kahi papa inoa o nā iʻa i kūʻai ʻia ma nā hale kūʻai maʻamau ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa, akā, me ka nui o ka mea i hoʻopau ʻia ma muli o ka lawaiʻa lawaiʻa ʻole).
I ka makahiki 2019, ua hoʻokomo ʻo Finland i nā uku nui no ka hopu ʻana i nā iʻa makaʻā, e komo pū ana ma kahi o ka waʻa, ma waho o ka lawaiʻa a i ʻole ka nui i kūkulu ʻia. Hoʻokuʻu ʻia ka ʻaha wahine he kanaha makahiki, mai ka hale aku o ka hale lawaiʻa ma Asikkala, kahi i loaʻa ai i nā pio pio o nā maʻi migratory.
Hoʻomaopopo!
Akā ʻo kekahi ʻano hāwele nui, e like me ka ʻaila uila, e lilo ka manawa i ʻike ai ka nui o nā iʻa a puni iā ia, a hoʻihoʻi maikaʻi i kēia wā.
Kiʻa ʻao
He ʻano paʻakikī loa ia e ʻōlelo ai ke ʻano o kahi iʻa eel, no ka mea ʻaʻole maʻalahi ia e kiʻi i ke kiʻi o ka iʻa ʻele, ʻoiai ke kumu ʻo ke kiʻi ʻole ʻia, ʻaʻole hiki ke hopu ʻia ka dodger nui loa i loko o kou mau lima. ʻO ke kumu o kona kino leole ʻole. Kūleʻa ka ʻele e like me ka nahesa, e ʻū ana me ka ʻāina ma kahi lōʻihi.
ʻO ka hoʻoweliweli ʻī kekahi poʻe ʻaʻole like ka iʻa eʻa me nā wahi i hiki ke kahakaha mai kēlā ʻaoʻao o ka muliwai a hiki i kekahi inā loaʻa kahi palena ʻāina pōkole.
Nā kuʻuna ʻē
Nui nā ʻano like o nā eels i ka honua. Pēlā e like me ka muliwai (European), electric and marine eel.