Pāʻani holoholona kekahi o nā ʻelele o ke kauoha o nā kiʻi. Keʻu liʻiliʻi loa lākou e ʻoluʻolu pono i loko o ka pala o kahi kanaka. ʻO kēia mau momi liʻiliʻi he lōlihi lōʻihi e like me ka squirrel.
Akā loaʻa wale nā mea e noho ana ma nā lāʻau i kēlā nani o kahi lāʻī. Akā ʻo kekahi ʻano ʻē aʻe o kēia mau holoholona i hāʻawi ʻia me kahi kāʻei maʻamau i maʻamau. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia kahi holoholona hoihoi loa i nā wahi i hele wāwae a me nā wahi lāʻau. ʻO kekahi o lākou e makemake i ka pīkē i ka lā a no laila ua ʻike ʻia lākou ma ka ʻākau a me ka hema o Africa.
Hoʻaiho holoholona holoholona sony maʻamau nō hoʻi ma Kina, Iapana, Altai a me Asia Minor. Akā i waena o kēia mau rodents, aia nā ʻano o ka ʻoihana ʻoluʻolu ma ka ea. ʻOi aku pinepine ma nā holoholona me ka inoa pona hiki ke ʻike ʻia i nā kumulāʻau lāʻau. No laila, pāhuʻi ka hapa nui o ke ola ma waena o nā kumulāʻau.
I ke kiʻi, Sonya Polchok
Kālepa lāʻau hana lākou i ko lākou noho i loko o ka lua o nā lāʻau a hana ʻole paha i ka pūhaka palekana a maikaʻi hoʻi, ka mea, e like me ka maʻamau, i hoʻonohonoho ʻia ma nā lālā ikaika. Makemake kekahi poʻe e hoʻohana i ka ʻāina no ka hale ma lalo o kahi lāʻau ua hāʻule a ʻohi paha, a ʻeli paha i kahi mink ma lalo o nā aʻa.
Ina e noho ana kekahi pēpē ma kahi papa māla, a laila kanu ʻia nā mea kanu i hōʻemi ʻia i nā helu. ʻO ia ke kumu i makemake ʻole ʻole ai ka poʻe māla hiamoe. ^ E Ha yM. I kēia lā, ua hōʻemi nui ka helu o ka dormouse, no laila hoʻomaka lākou e hānai iā lākou i ka home, i ʻole e pau loa i nā holoholona ʻano kūlike ʻoi loa.
I loko o ke kiʻi ulu lāʻau
ʻActerlelo ola a me ke ʻano
Paʻa liʻiliʻi nā rodents liʻiliʻi, ʻaʻole lākou e ʻae i ke kaona wale nō, makemake lākou i waena o ko lākou poʻe hoahānau. Mālama mau lākou a paʻakikī paha i ka hele ʻana i ka home. Sonya e like me nui holoholona e ulu maikaʻi ʻo ia inā loaʻa kāna mau kime, akā makemake kekahi ʻano holoholona.
ʻO kēia mau mommela he mea akahele loa a he makaʻu i kekahi mau leo kū ʻole. No laila, no ka holoholona nui, pono ia kahi mea e noho ai, inā ʻaʻole pono ka rodent i pīhoihoi.
Hoʻohana ʻia ka dormouse Hazel a me ka dormouse i ka poʻe i ka wikiwiki, akā he mea pono e loaʻa ka holoholona aloha i ke wā ʻōpiopio no ka mea he liʻiliʻi nā pilikia me ka pili ʻana. A laila e nānā pono kēia mau pēpē i kou hiki ʻana i ka ʻahaʻaina ma kou mau lima.
He kapa huluhulu nani kēia mau ʻano. Pono ka pehu a me ka palupalu o nā pākeke āpau e waiho ʻole i kekahi mea e manaʻo ʻole ʻia, a kahaha ʻia hoʻi ke keiki liʻiliʻi. E nānā i kēia kiʻi ma kahi o ka holoholona dormouse e nānā me kona mau maka liʻiliʻi o nā maka no laila makemake ʻole kekahi e hoʻopā i kēia palahalaha fluffy.
ʻOiai he helehelena kūpono ʻole, pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia i hiki ke paʻi ikaika ka dormouse, ʻoiai inā paha ʻoe i aloha mua iā ia. ʻO kēia no ka mea hilahila loa lākou a hiki i kekahi wahi huliʻe ke hoʻonāukiuki i ka hopena pale.
Hoʻohālikelike Nā holoholona Sony he brisk loa, no laila lawe ka holoholona i kou mau lima i hiki ai ke mālama ʻole i kona lele koke. Aia nā lōkona o kekona a me Sonya ma luna o kou poʻo, a laila, hiki paha, ma ka pale a kūlike.
No laila, pono ʻoe e makaʻala a ʻaʻole hoʻi e hāʻawi i ka mea mahuka i kahi manawa e nalo aku ai mai ka ʻike aku. Hoʻomaopopo wau e ʻike i kēia holoholona hiki ʻole ke hopu ʻia e ka huelo, ʻoiai hiki iā ia ke holo mua a ʻo ka ʻāpana ʻili wale i loko o kou mau lima. ʻO ka pilikia ma hope o kēia, ʻaʻole ulu hou ka huelo.
A e holo pololei kēia mau holoholona i loko o nā māka pākiki paʻa loa a me ka ʻike e ʻike ʻole ʻaʻole i nā lāʻau wale nō, akā i nā home home hoʻi. Mālama ʻia kēia i ka makana kūlohelohe e hoʻohemo ʻia mai nā ʻaoʻao.
Ma vivo, e mālama kēia i kēia pono kūʻokoʻa. Mahalo i ka hoʻolohe maikaʻi ʻana, hiki i ka mea hiamoe ke huna i ka pilikia ma ka manawa. ʻO Auricles, e like me nā poʻe noho mua, e kūʻokoʻa kūʻokoʻa kū kekahi i kekahi. ʻO nā pepeiao nui loa he kīhāpai māla.
He holoholona ʻo Sonya pō, akā i ke pio pio hiki ke hoʻololi i ko lākou ola. No ka hana i kēia, pono e hoʻomālamalama i ka kahi ʻo ia i ka pō, a i ka lā o ke ao e hoʻonohonoho i ka hōʻailona ʻana me kahi kukui uliuli a ʻulaʻula.
Ke nānā nei i kā lākou huakaʻi acrobatic, hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa ka leʻaleʻa maikaʻi a me kahi kūpono maikaʻi loa no ka lā holoʻokoʻa. Pinepine animal sonya hiki ke ʻike ʻia i loko o kahi hale kūʻai, a me kekahi ʻeke loea i ʻike, no laila hiki ke loaʻa kūʻai he ʻano nani no kēlā me kēia mea aloha.
Mea ʻai
He ʻokoʻa ka mea ʻai no nā koena. I ka papaʻai maʻamau, kau lākou i ka hua o ka lā a me nā ʻano o nā nati. ʻO nā niho o Sonya ua kaha koʻikoʻi no ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā nati i loko o ka forelegs, komo lākou i loko o ka honu a me ka ʻoluʻolu i kahi hua maikaʻi. ʻO nā holoholona liʻiliʻi nā mea kanu, no laila nā manawa āpau o nā hua a me nā mea kanu ʻole ma kā lākou papaʻai.
Akā no nā ʻanoʻai ʻokoʻa ʻē aʻe ʻole ka maʻamau. No laila, no ka nahele, ke kīhāpai a me nā mea hiamoe hiamoe a me nā holoholona he ʻano kū maikaʻi ka meaʻai holoholona. Pēlā nō hoʻi, ʻaʻole hewa nā holoholona e mālama iā lākou iho i ka ʻiʻo maka, ke kīwī a me nā hua. ʻO nā laka, nā kulikeke a me nā ipekukeke he mea punahele hoʻi i ka hiamoe hiamoe.
Inā mālama lākou e pakele mai ka hale hoʻokaumaha, a laila hiki i nā rodents, nā manu a me nā mālamalama ke lilo i ʻaina maikaʻi. Akā makemake ka lāʻau dormouse i nā mea āpau e ulu i nā lāʻau.
I kekahi manawa makemake lākou i nā pepeke liʻiliʻi. ʻO Sonya, e noho ana i nā kumulāʻau, e ʻimi i ka nest o nā manu a ʻahaʻaina hoʻi i kā lākou hua. Hiki i kēia ʻano rodent ke hōʻeha i nā holoholona liʻiliʻi.
ʻApana lūlū terrestrial. Ma ka ʻōlelo maʻamau ke kau ʻia nā lau o nā dandelions, clover a me ka nettle. Pāho lāʻau Noho ka ʻana ma kahi mamao loa, ua ʻai lākou i nā hua meli, nā ʻars a me nā hua ʻē aʻe me nā hua he nui.
I ka hale kāla kiʻi kiʻi
No ka hoʻomākaukau no ka hoʻoilo i ka hoʻoilo, hōʻiliʻili ka kīhāpai dormouse i ka momona no lākou iho, a laila moe mālie i ka moe. I ka pio, ʻai ʻo Dormouse i ka hua, nā hua ʻai, nā hua a me nā hua. E makemake ana ka holoholona holoholona i ka palaoa, waiū, ke kīwī a me nā hua moa.
He lako ʻo Sony a me ke ola ʻana o ka ola
Noho nā kāne ʻōpio a ʻo nā wahine i kahi wā pokole loa. I ke kakahiaka nui, e hoʻomaka nā pāʻani male ma Sonya. I kēia manawa, 'mele' mele mele lākou. Nui ua paipai nei ka pīpī me ka kokoke loa, a i ʻole ʻoe e hiamoe ma ka pō.
I ke ahiahi, mālama maoli nā holoholona i ka nani.. Ma hope o ka huakaʻi ʻana, e ʻā ana nā wahine e kūkulu i kāna nū ʻoluʻolu. Mālama ka makuahine i nā pēpē hānai ona.
Ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, ua hānau ʻia nā cubs 3-5. Hoʻopili maikaʻi ʻo Sonia i ka home no kāna mau keiki me ka mauʻu palu a me ka lau malo. Ma kahi o 27-30 mau lā ma hope o ka hoʻomakeʻa ʻana, hānau ʻia ke kapa a me nā makapō.
I kekahi manawa aia nā dormouse e noho nei ma kahi pūʻulu liʻiliʻi. I kēia hihia, ʻaʻole ʻo ka makuahine wale nō, akā ke nānā aku nei nā lālā a pau o ka ʻohana ʻoiā i nā keiki hou. Ke kūʻokoʻa nei o nā keiki i nā mahina 1-2 mau. ʻO kahi hua kahi kope kope pono o ko lākou mau ʻohana. Makemake lākou e pāʻani a ʻai maikaʻi.
I ka pio, hoʻomaka ka hānai holoholona ma hope o ka hānau ʻana. No ka hapanui o nā ʻōlapa, ʻo ka pā hale, ʻaʻole he mea pilikia i ka hoʻopili, ʻo ka mea nui i ka mōʻī nā meaʻai kūpono.
Eia wale nō pāhuʻi hiki ʻole e hoʻopili i ka noho pio ʻana. ʻO ka mahalo, ʻo kahi mahina ma hope o ka hānau ʻana, hiki i ka dormouse ke hānai. Kūpono pinepine ʻia ka hānau 1 manawa i kēlā me kēia makahiki.
Aia kahi 10 mau keiki hou i kahi litter. E hoʻomaka ana ka hānai e pili ana i ʻekolu pule. Ma ka maʻamau ʻo ka holoholona i ke pio ʻana i nā pānalua. No laila, ʻelua mau makua e nānā i nā keiki. Hoʻomākeʻaka Nā holoholona Sony ola mai 3 a 6 mau makahiki. I ka home, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻonui i kēia kau ma muli o ka mālama pono ʻana o ka holoholona.
Loaʻa o ka holoholona Sony
Sony - holoholona holoholona liʻiliʻi. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ko lākou kino ākea he 6-9 cm, ʻehā - 4-16.5 cm, ke kaupaona nei lākou he 15-200 gram. ʻO ka palalulu o kā lākou hulu, ka mea hoʻomanaʻo i ka ʻōpala, kona kala, e like me nā ʻano, ʻano like ʻole o ka lehu hina ka ʻulaʻula a me ka ʻulaʻula. I kekahi mau ʻōiwi, he pale uliuli ʻalani e hoʻonani i ka muzzle. Puhi ka ʻili i nā ʻano āpau, koe wale nō nā mea i kū i ka kiʻī, a i ke kīhaha, ʻelē, ka māla, ka nahele a me nā ʻano hiamoe o ʻAmelika, hiki i ka huelo ke huki inā loaʻa i kahi mea kūʻai.
Ua nui nā holoholona, convex, ʻulaʻula a me nā maka liʻiliʻi a me nā pepeiao liʻiliʻi.
4 nā kuʻekuʻe wāwae ma nā wāwae mua a me 5 ma nā wāwae hind i mau ʻaka pōkole. ʻO kaʻili haʻahaʻa o nā wāwae i hope a palupalu e like me ka uluna.
Nā ʻano hiamoe o ke ʻano hiamoe, puhele
Ma ka huina, 28 mau ʻano o ka dormouse i ʻike ʻia ma 8 genera a me 3 subfamilies.
Subfamily Graphiurinae
ʻO nā subfamily o ka African Africa he 14 mau ʻano, e komo pū ana me Sonia Christie, Sonia Kellen, he maʻa, ʻo savannah, ʻo Angolan a me nā sony ʻē aʻe.
Sonya Kellen (Graphiurus kelleni)
Subfamily Leithiinae
Kūkulu ka dormouse no the Forest dormouse i ka nahele (3 mau mea like), ke kīhāpai (2 mau ʻano) a me nā kiʻina pā (3 mau ʻano).
Ke ʻOihana Sonia (Dryomys nitedula)
ʻO ka dormouse Garden (Eliomys quercinus), ʻoiai kahi inoa inoa, e noho nui ana ia ma nā wao nahele o Central Europe, a i kekahi manawa ma loko o ka lāʻau a i ʻole nā mea hana pōhaku.
ʻO Subfamily Myoxinae
ʻO ka subfamily maoli kahi dormouse e komo pū ana i kahi hapalua, Japanese a me hazel dormouse.
Noho ka nani delouse hazel i paʻi ʻia (Muscardinus avellanarius) i ka nahele a me ka ulu lāʻau ʻōpiopio, e pili pū ana me ka hazel.
ʻIke ʻia ʻo Sony ma ʻEulopa, ʻApelika, Asia, Turkey a me Iapana. Noho lākou i ka ululāʻau a me nā wahi puhaka, nā alahele, nā māla. Noho kekahi mau ʻano noho i Rusia (papa, māla, nāhelehele kai a me nā kiʻi like-like).
Hōʻailona a me nā hana maʻamau o ka dormouse
Ua alakaʻi ʻo Sony i kahi ʻano nocturnal, e hoʻohana ana i nā maka nui, kahi aniani lōʻihi a me ke ʻano ʻono maikaʻi loa e hoʻokele i ka lewa. He pūkino nui loa lākou a ʻoi aku ka wikiwiki o nā isika. Noho ka holoholona i ka nui o ka wā e piʻi ai i nā kumulāʻau a me nā mea kanu, a me nā mea like ʻole e like me ke kīhāpai a me ka ulu lāʻau o ka nahele i lalo i ka lepo, akā hiki i ka hiki ke hiki i kā lākou mākaukau ke piʻi pinepine i kahi lāʻau i ka lima manuahi, ʻoi aku ka wā e hoʻāʻo lākou e haʻalele i nā puʻukū o nā mea i manaʻo ʻia. Hoʻokahi wale nō ʻano - ʻo ka dormouse tetikus Trans-Caspian ka ola hoʻokahi wale nō ma ka honua.
I waena o nā lālā ke ʻimi nei lākou i nā pua, pollen, nā hua, nā nati a me nā mea ʻino. Pono ʻo Sonya i kahi noho i piha i nā ʻano ʻano maikaʻi o ka mea kanu e hōʻoia ai ka hoʻomau ʻana o ka meaʻai.
I ke ahiahi, hiamoe ʻo Sonya i kahi lua o ka lāʻau a i ʻole kahi papa. ʻO ka ʻēheu o ka holoholona i hana pinepine ʻia i ka 15 cm ma waena, a no ka kūkulu ʻana, hoʻohiolo ka holoholona i ka cortex, kau i ka pōpō a hiki iā ia ke hoʻopuni iā ia me nā lau. ʻAʻole hānai nā holoholona iʻoi aku ma mua o 70 mika mai kāna pūnana.
ʻAʻole maʻamau ka nui o ka poʻe holoholona i ka koʻokoʻo o nā mea hao ʻē aʻe (ma kahi o 0.1-10 mau kanaka no ka 1 ha). Noho ʻo Sonya i nā hui liʻiliʻi. Noho kēlā me kēia hui i kahi pūnaewele hoʻokahi, ʻo ka diameter o kēlā me kēia mai ka 100 a hiki i 200 mika.
Hānau maikaʻi ʻia nā holoholona, a kamaʻilio maikaʻi lākou. ʻO ka pale, hazel, ke māla a me nā dormouse i Aferika ka mea e hoʻopiha ai i nā kaomi, nā uʻi a me nā ʻōpū.
I nā kūlana kūlohelohe ola ke dormouse mai ʻekolu a ʻeono makahiki.
Hiamoe lōʻihi
I Europe, hibernate dormant mai ʻOkakopa a ʻApelila. E hiamoe ana nā holoholona i nā lua a i ʻole nā nest, i hoʻonohonoho ʻia, no ka laʻana, i nā ʻōpala. Hoʻopili lākou i nā nests me ka mauʻu, ka huluhulu, nā lau, etc. Ma mua o ka hānau ʻana, hoʻomākaukau ka holoholona i kahi mea kīʻaha liʻiliʻi no ka mea e ala ʻo ia a makemake ʻo ia e hānai, ʻoiai ʻo ka hoʻoilo ma mua o ka hoʻoilo, e hoʻāʻo ʻo ia e ʻai iā ia iho a hōʻiliʻili hou i ka momona. Pau ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana no ka hoʻoilo, hoʻomoe ʻo Sonya a hiamoe hoʻi.
Noho ka lōʻihi o ka wā hānau ma ke aniani a hiki ke hiki i 9 mau mahina (ma ka mika, ʻo ka ʻehā a 7 mau mahina). I ka hiamoe, hoʻohiolo ka pākela o ke kino i ka wela o ka hanu, a ua hōʻemi ʻia ka nui o ka puʻuwai a me ka ea ʻana o ka hanu e 90% a keu aʻe - e mālama nei i ka ikehu a hiki i ka holoholona ke ola no kahi 6 mau mahina ma ke kino o ke kino. Ke piʻi nei ke ʻano o ke anuanu o ke ala, e hoʻomaka ana ke ʻano kino o ke ʻano hiamoe o kahi kīnā hiamoe, a i mea e ala aʻe, e ala ana i 20 mau minuke.
Lāhea
Ma hope koke o ka puka ʻana i ka hānau ʻana, hoʻomaka ka dormouse i ka panena. ʻO ka hana nui i kēia manawa ke hana ʻia e ka leo. No laila, no ka laʻana, ʻoi aku nā kāne o ka papaʻa i ka wā e hahai ai lākou i ka wahine, a ʻo ka ʻōpū māla wahine e hoʻohālikelike i nā kāne e nā ʻili.
Noho ka wahine hāpai ma kahi o 21 a 32 mau lā. ʻO ka hale papa hale a me nā kīhāpai e lawe i 1 mau kiaʻi i kēlā me kēia makahiki, a me ka pōʻino a me ka ulu lāʻau - a ʻekolu.
ʻO ka manawa ma mua o ka hānau ʻana, hoʻomaka ka wahine e kūkulu i kahi nīnū, ka mea maʻamau o ke ʻano kikoo, i ka honu o ka lāʻau a i ʻole ka ʻoki i kahi lālā. ʻO ka mea waiwai no ka nano he mauʻu, nā lau a me ka moss. Hoʻohana ka dormouse i kahi māla lau a me kahi papa no ka hana ʻana i ka hulu a me ka lauoho.
I ka brood, aia mai 2 a 9 mau cubs, ʻo ka nui o ka nui o ka brood no nā dormouse āpau he 4 pēpē pēpē. Hānau ʻia nā kāne ʻo Kuda ke kapa a he makapō. I ka hebedoma mua o ke ola ʻana, hoʻomaka lākou e hoʻokaʻawale i nā mea ʻala, ʻoiai, ka mea, ʻo ke hoʻololi ʻana i ka lawena ma waena o ka makuahine a me kā ka huaʻala ke kumu nui e ʻike ai kekahi. Ma nā makahiki he 18 paha, hoʻomaka ka poʻe ʻōpio e lohe, a ma ka manawa like ka hāmama ʻana o ko lākou mau maka. Ma hope iho o ka hānau ʻana, ua uhi ʻia lākou i ka lauoho hina, a ma ke ʻano o ʻehā mau pule ua lilo lākou i ka like like me ka makua. Ke hoʻomaka nei i nā makahiki he 5-6 wiki, hoʻomaka ka ʻōpio i ke ola kūʻokoʻa.
A hiki mai ka manawa o ka hānau ʻana, e ulu wikiwiki ana ka hiamoe, a laila lohi ka ulu ʻana. Kūpono lāua i ka male i hoʻokahi makahiki o hoʻokahi makahiki.
Nā makaʻu a me nā hoʻoweliweli
Ma kahi o 100 mau makahiki i hala aku nei, ua maʻamau nui ʻo Sony a mālama pinepine ʻia ʻo ia me nā holoholona ma nā ʻāina. Eia naʻe, i kēia lā he mau mea ʻano lahilahi a makaʻu ʻole lākou, a he nui wale ka poʻe pōmaikaʻi e ʻike iā lākou i ka hihiu.
I kēia manawa, helu inoa ʻia ka hapalua o nā ʻano Sonya ma ka papa inoa ʻĀina IUCN: 4 mau ʻano e like me ke ʻano hopohopo, 4 ʻoiai e pili wale ana a ʻo 5 nā mea e pili kokoke ana i ka hoʻoweliweli.
ʻO ka mea hoʻohālikelike e like me nā ʻānu, nā palahalaha, nā ʻalopeke, nā mea ulana a me nā ermines e hoʻoweliweli aku i nā holoholona, akā naʻe, ʻo ka pau ʻana o ka dormouse e pili kokoke ana i ka nalowale o ka nohona a me nā loli i nā hana hoʻokele lāʻau.
Kālā
I ʻEulopa, ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka wahi o ka dormouse i ka ulana. Ma Transcaucasia a me Asia, ua pili nā dormouse ulu lāʻau me nā ʻano lāʻau like ʻole. ʻO ka palena komohana o ka awawa ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau o Alps. I ka hema o ʻEulopa, ʻo ka ululāʻau kai dormouse ka nui o ka Balkan Peninsula a me kahi ʻāina Helene. Ma ka mokuʻo Apennine, loaʻa nā dormouse ulu lāʻau i nā mauna ʻo Calabrian wale nō. I ʻEulopa Hikina, ua ʻike ʻia ʻo ia kahi kokoke i kēlā me kēia wahi, koe wale nō ma ke ʻākau o Polani. Ma Ukraine, ua nalo ia ma nā wahi ʻeleʻele o ke Kai. Aia hoʻi i loko o ka Crimea. ʻIke ʻia nā kamaʻāina kūloko ma Asia Minor, Iran, Turkmenistan, ʻĀpana Pakistan, Afghanistan, a me Kina komohana. ʻO ka palena hikina ma kēia ʻaoʻao ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau ma ka piko o ka Mīkini Altai.
Ma Lūkia, ua māhelehele ʻia ka dormouse i ka ʻākau ma ka māhele ʻo Tver a me ke kūkulu hema-komohana o ka moku Kirov ma ka ʻāina Volga. ʻO ka palena o ka ulu lāʻau ulu i ka ʻāpana ʻEulopa e holo ana ma ka ʻaoʻao kūpono o Don. Ma ke Kauka Kiwa Kauā, ua pālahalaha ʻia nā dormouse, e hoʻomaka ana mai ka ʻaoʻao kahawai ʻo Kuban a i ka hema hou, i hopu ʻia a puni ke āpau o Caucasus.
Hōʻike Sony
He mau momi liʻiliʻi kēia o ke kino kūpono, me ke poʻo liʻiliʻi, he mau maka nui, kokoke i nā pepeiao nui - kokoke i ko lākou mau wāwae mua me nā manamana mānoʻi maikaʻi i kūkulu ʻia a me kahi pālima o ka manamana, i uhi ʻia me kahi kui liʻiliʻi. ʻElima ʻālima mau wāwae ʻehā, a ʻo ka huelo, ka aneane like me ka lōʻihi ma ke kino, ua uhi ʻia i ka lauoho a me ke kaʻe, ua kahelehe luna.
ʻO Sonya, like like me ko lākou ola i ka poʻe squirrels, he pōkole loa nā wāwae mua, ʻoiai inā he manu arboreal lākou, he pōkole kā lākou mau puke. Ua māhele ʻia ʻo Sony ma ʻEulopa, ʻAmelika a me ʻAsia, me ka ʻokoʻa ʻole o nā ʻāina Indo-Malayan.
Hōʻikeʻike o ka noho
ʻO ka mea hoʻokahi wale nō o kēia genus i ʻEulopa, ka regiment maʻamau (M. glis), he lōʻihi o ke kino o 16, a he ʻehā ka lōʻihi o 13 kenimika a me kahi pepeiao, ʻo ka lōʻihi o ia lōʻihi ma mua o ka hapakolu o ke poʻo - ma luna o ka lehu-hina ia i nā kala, i kekahi manawa me ka uhi ʻana. ke kahakaha nā ʻōuli ʻulaʻula i ka pihi.
He keʻokeʻo ka ʻaoʻao o lalo, he keʻokeʻo-hina ka wāwae mua, he keʻokeʻo nā wāwae ʻākau, ʻo ka ʻaoʻao o ka huʻu e pale ʻulaʻula-hina, a he ʻāpana iki hoʻi ka ʻaoʻao o lalo, he aniani ʻeleʻele a puni nā maka.
ʻO ka wehewehe ʻana i ke ola o ka papaʻa
Hoʻonui ka pale i ka lā ma ka moeʻuhane, koho i nā hollows, nā lua pōhaku a me nā haʻalele i ka hale o nā mea ʻē aʻe no kēia. Ma nā wahi like nō i kūkulu ʻo ia i kāna nīnū wela, ʻaʻole e waiho ma ka ākea i nā lālā. I ka hāʻule, ua paʻa mau ka pale a i kēia manawa o ka makahiki ka mea a ka Roma kahiko i hopu ai no ko lākou papaʻaina.
Hana ʻia kāna ʻumi ʻana i ʻehiku mau mahina, a hoʻomaka ʻo ia e ala aʻe ma mua o ka hapalua o ʻApelila. Wahi a ia, nona nā keiki a ʻekolu a hiki i ʻeono, e hoʻomāhuahua koke a me ka manaʻo o ka hānau hānau ʻana a me ka makapō. I ka hoʻonuiʻana i nā huaʻai a me nā huaʻai, mālama ka hale i nā hua, nā manu liʻiliʻi a me nā holoholona ʻē aʻe. ʻO kāna mau ʻenemi he mau pōpoki hihiu, martens, nā holoholona keʻena keʻokeʻo, nā ʻōpū, nā ermines a me nā mea ulana.
ʻOkoʻa ʻē aʻe nā ʻanoʻano ʻo Sonya (Eliomys) i ka ulana ma ka ʻolima ma kona wahi nui i uhi ʻia i ka lauoho puʻupuʻu a kokoke a kokoke i ka hopena a lōʻihi a loloa hoʻi, ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o nā pepeiao i ka lula, akā ʻaʻole like ka laulā o nā ʻaoʻao o luna a i lalo.
Hoʻaiho
ʻIke ʻia ka papaʻa ma Central a me Hema o ʻEulopa, ua haʻalele ma Denmark a me Suetena, mai Sepania, Italia a me Helene, ua ʻike ʻia i ke kūkulu ʻākau i Hema a me Central Germany a me Austria, a ma ka hikina - iā Southern Russia a me Suria.
ʻO ka wehewehe ʻana i ke ola o ka papaʻa
Hoʻonui ka pale i ka lā ma ka moeʻuhane, koho i nā hollows, nā lua pōhaku a me nā haʻalele i ka hale o nā mea ʻē aʻe no kēia. Ma nā wahi like nō i kūkulu ʻo ia i kāna nīnū wela, ʻaʻole e waiho ma ka ākea i nā lālā. I ka hāʻule, ua paʻa mau ka pale a i kēia manawa o ka makahiki ka mea a ka Roma kahiko i hopu ai no ko lākou papaʻaina.
Hana ʻia kāna ʻumi ʻana i ʻehiku mau mahina, a hoʻomaka ʻo ia e ala aʻe ma mua o ka hapalua o ʻApelila. Wahi a ia, nona nā keiki a ʻekolu a hiki i ʻeono, e hoʻomāhuahua koke a me ka manaʻo o ka hānau hānau ʻana a me ka makapō. I ka hoʻonuiʻana i nā huaʻai a me nā huaʻai, mālama ka hale i nā hua, nā manu liʻiliʻi a me nā holoholona ʻē aʻe. ʻO kāna mau ʻenemi he mau pōpoki hihiu, martens, nā holoholona keʻena keʻokeʻo, nā ʻōpū, nā ermines a me nā mea ulana.
ʻOkoʻa ʻē aʻe nā ʻanoʻano ʻo Sonya (Eliomys) i ka ulana ma ka ʻolima ma kona wahi nui i uhi ʻia i ka lauoho puʻupuʻu a kokoke, a hiki i ka hope ke lōʻihi a loloa, ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ka pepeiao i ka lula, akā ʻaʻole like ka laulā o nā ʻaoʻao o luna a i lalo.
Kāleka
ʻO ke ʻano o loko o ʻEulopa ʻElena ma kēia ʻanoʻano, ʻo Garden Dormouse (E. nitela), ʻo ka lōʻihi o kona pepeiao he hapalua ia o ka lōʻihi o ke poʻo, a he kino o 14 a me kahi ʻehā o 9.5 centimeter ka lōʻihi.
Aia ma luna o ka holoholona he ʻulaʻula ulaula, māmā i nā ʻaoʻao, a ma lalo o ke keʻokeʻo - mai ke kua o ka lihi ʻana o nā maka, e kahe ana ma lalo o ka pepeiao, kahi kaila ʻula, e pā ana i nā ʻaoʻao o ka ʻāʻī i kahi wahi, i ka wahi like ma nā poʻohiwi.
Loaʻa a mua a me hope o ke pepeiao i kahi keʻokeʻo. ʻO ka ʻaoʻao o ka huʻu he ʻulaʻula-hina i ka kumu, ʻeleʻele ma ka hope, a he maʻa wale ka lalo.
Hoʻaiho
Noho ka dormouse māla i nā ʻalāʻau a me nā hua kū, ʻike ʻia ma nā wahi mahana o Western a me Central Europe, ʻo ia hoʻi ma Palani, Belgium, Italia, Switzerland, Kelemānia, Hungary.
ʻO ka kumu o ke ʻano a me ka wehewehe
Kuhi: Forest Dormouse
ʻO ka ʻohana o ka mea hiamoe hiamoe he 28 mau ʻano a hiki i 9 genera. I ʻEulopa, ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka ʻāina i ka māhele oak. Ma Asia a me kahi Caucasus, ola ka dormouse i nā nahele i nā ʻano like ʻole. ʻO ka palena komohana o ka wahi noho ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau o ka Alps. Ma ka ʻāina o ka Hema o ka Hema, ua maʻamau ka nui o kēia mau holoholona ma ke Penikihi Balkan a ma kahi ʻāpana i loko o Helene. A ma ka mokuʻo Apennine, noho wale nā holoholona i nā mauna Calabrian. I kēlā manawa, noho ʻo Sonya i ʻEulopa Hikina i kokoke loa i ʻole, me ka ʻole o ke komohana ʻehā o Polani, a ma Ukraine hoʻi ʻaʻole i hiki ke ʻike i nā wahi ʻo Crimea a me nā ʻāpana ʻeleʻele.
Kuhi ʻia ʻo ka holoʻokoʻa o ka Repubalika o Belarus. ʻIke ʻia nā poʻe liʻiliʻi ma Asia Minor, ke kūkulu ʻĀkau o Pakistan, Iran, Turkmenistan, komohana Kina, a me Afghanistan ʻākau. ʻO ka palena hikina o nā ʻano mea ʻumi no ka ʻaoʻao komohana o ka ʻ Altlelo Altai.
Ma ka ʻāpana o ka Russian Federation, loaʻa ka dormouse i ka nahele ma Pskov, Novgorod, nā Tver, a i ka ʻākau-komohana o ka ʻaoʻao Kirov a me ke kūkulu hema-komohana o ka ʻāina Volga.
Ma ka māhele ʻo ʻEulopa, e holo ana ka palena ma ka ʻaoʻao pololei o ka muliwaiʻo Don. Loaʻa ʻia nā Rodents ma ka ʻūlau Kauka mai ke kahawai ʻo Kuban a i ka hema, e hopu ana iā ia a puni ka ʻaoʻao āpau o Caucasus. Ua loaʻa ma nā ululāʻau o Central Asia, Southern Altai, a me East Kazakhstan. Ma nā mauna, hiki i ka dormouse ke piʻi i 3000 m, hiki i ke kāʻei pōhaku i kālai ʻia.
Nā hiʻohiʻona a me nā hiʻohiʻona
Kuhi: Animal Forest Dormouse
ʻO nā lāʻehā, hiki i kēia mau holoholona liʻiliʻi i hūnā me ka baʻi, a i ʻole nā voleʻaoʻao. ʻOi ka lōʻihi o ko lākou kino ka 13 cm, aʻo ka huelo - ka lōʻihi he 17 cm, a ʻo ka huina ka lōʻihi o 40 g. Hoʻopau ʻia nā muzzle o ka dormouse, aia kahi vibrissae ma luna - kahi pua nani. Me ko lākou kōkua, e hoʻopā aku nā holoholona i ke kaiapuni. Hoʻolele ka Vibrissas, no kēlā me kēia pūʻulu ke kuleana kahi hui kūʻokoʻa. Loaʻa pinepine lākou i 20% o ka lōʻihi o ka lōʻihi o ka hiamoe.
Nani nā maka, ʻeleʻele, ʻōpiopio. Kulina o ka nui lahilahi, puni a puni. Kuhi nui nā ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū i ka mua. Loaʻa nā lima ʻelima ma luna o lākou, aʻo ia ma mua - 4 mau pepeiao.ʻO nā wāwae a heʻuʻuku loa. ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā wahine ma mua o nā kāne.
ʻO ka huelo i palaka ʻia i lawelawe ʻia, ʻaʻole wale ia he mea hoʻololi no ka holoholona, akā kōkua pū nō hoʻi e mālama i ka pale ʻana i ka wā e hele ana ma nā lei o nā kumulāʻau. Hoʻopili ʻia ka ʻili o ka huelo me nā moku koko he nui, e kōkua ana i ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ke ʻano o Sonya. I ka wā e noho mālie ai ka holoholona, kahi paʻa i ka lauoho. Akā inā huhū a makaʻu paha ka hiamoe, a lilo ke kua o ka ʻili i ka ulaula, a palake ka hulu, e like me ka pōpoki, i mea e ʻike nui ai i kona hoa paio.
Hiki ke kōkua i nā manamana lima i ka dormouse i ka ulu lāʻau e piʻi me nā lāʻau. Aia he 6 nui a convex mau i nā wāwae. He lei hina hina ka holoholona ma luna, kahi ʻōuli uliuli e alakaʻi ana mai ka ihu a pepeiao. ʻO ka papa lalo a i ʻole ka melemele paha. Loaʻa iā Sonya he 20 mau niho ma kona waha.
ʻAuhea e noho ai ka dormouse ulu?
Kuhi: He aha kahi ʻano lāʻau dormouse
ʻO ka pono nui o ka holoholona no ka hale halahalā ka nahele lapalapa me kahi papa o nā pihi a me ka haʻalulu pōpilikia. ʻO kekahi manawa noho ka dormouse i nā māla, nā ʻano lāʻau like ʻole, nā kihi lāʻau, nā iwi a me nā kuahiwi.
Noho kēia mau mea hao i nā holo, mai haʻalele i nā nū manu, a hiki paha iā lākou ke kūkulu i kā lākou. E like me nā mea waiwai, hoʻohana nā holoholona i ka lāʻau lāʻau, moss, daun a me nā lālā liʻiliʻi. Hoʻopili i kā lākou mau ʻuhane me ka hulu a ma lalo. No ke kūkulu ʻana i ka "hale" e holo ana no 2-3 lā no nā lā hiamoe. I kekahi manawa hiki iā lākou ke kipaku aku i kona poʻe noho mai ka hale manu manu a noho ma laila. Noho pinepine nā holoholona i nā kumulāʻau, e like me ka nahele o nā mea kanu i mālama lākou i ko lākou wahi e mālama ai i nā mea āpau.
ʻO Sonyes, e hoʻomākaukau ana e lilo i mau mākua, e hoʻoluʻu maikaʻi i kā lākou nests, e hoʻopiʻi iā lākou me ka hulu, i ka hapa ka hapalua. ʻO ke kanaka kū hoʻokahi, ma ke ʻano ʻē, kūkulu i kā lākou hale me ka mahaloʻole, i kekahi manawa me ka hoʻoluʻolu ʻole iā lākou. I kēlā mau hale pale, mālama pinepine nā rodents i nā lā he 3-4 i hoʻomaha i loko o lākou i ka lā. A laila ʻimi lākou no kahi home hou.
Ma ke kānāwai, ʻaʻohe komo komo i nā hale noho. I ka hoʻomau mau ʻana o ka pōʻino, hiki i ka dormouse ulu i puka mai loko mai o ka wahi ma o kahi pānaʻi. Ma ka pūnaewele o ka nohona o kekahi holoholona, hiki i nā hale he 8. ʻO kēia kumu ʻaʻole wale no ka makemake o ka palekana, akā ke hiki no hoʻi i ka hiki ke haʻalele i ka nalo i kēlā me kēia manawa a ua haumia a noho ʻia e nā parasites. I ka hoʻoilo, ua ʻā nā kahawai i nā lua no lākou iho ma kahi o 30 cm hohonu, ma lalo o nā aʻa a i ʻole nā peʻa o ka laha, no ka mea ʻole i ka haki i ka ʻaoʻao, a me ka pua ʻana no 5 mau mahina.
He aha kahi mea e ʻai ai ka dormouse ulu lāʻau.
Whakaahua kiʻi: Rodent Forest Dormouse
No ka mea, he holoholona nocturnalʻo Sonya, i ka lā e moe ai ia ma kona wahi, a i ke ahiahi e hele ʻo ia e ʻimi i nā meaʻai. He ʻokoʻa kā lākou meaʻai. ʻAi ʻole ʻo Sonya i ka meaʻai.
ʻO kā kā lākou meaʻai me nā:
- nā hua a me nā hua o nā kumulāʻau, nā mea kanu, nā mea kanu (nā hazel nuts, linden nuts, wild rose, wild strawberry, blackberries, raspberry, acorns, hawthorn fruit),
- Hoʻokele ka poʻe hiamoe hiamoe i ka ʻahaʻaina ma ka apricots, nā ʻamala, nā ʻōpala, nā hua waina, ka paukena, nā meloni a me nā hua wai
- i ka wā mua i ka puna waiʻauʻau kai ma nā pua, nā ʻōpala o nā pua wow, lau ʻoma puaʻa, aspen,
- Mai hōʻemi a me nā hua o nā huaʻai i loaʻa ka hydrocyanic acid.
ʻOiai makemake nā holoholona i ka meaʻai mea kanu, inā ma ke ala e hālāwai ai i ka pūnana o kahi manu me nā moa hou a iʻa paha, manaʻo maoli ka dormouse ma luna o lākou. ʻAi pū lāua i nā meakanu, nā huaʻī a me nā ʻōpua, nā ʻōpala a me nā mollusks.
Mahalo i ka hoʻolohe ikaika ʻana, e hopu ana ʻo sony i nā kani kūlohelohe o nā neʻe o ka iniseti. Piʻo a pōkole, i mea e hoʻoholo pololei ai i ke kumu o ke kani, ʻike koke ka holoholona a hopu i ka mea i pio. ʻO nā kīhī liʻiliʻi a i ʻole nā rodents e hiki i kahi pāʻina nui no kēia mau holoholona.
Mamuli o ka noho ʻana o nā holoholona, hiki i nā mea kanu a me nā meaʻai holoholona ke loaʻa ma mua o kā lākou meaʻai. No ka hoʻoilo, ʻaʻole mālama ʻo Son dormouse, ma ke ʻano he kānāwai nui ʻole, akā i kekahi manawa hiki iā lākou ke hana i nā lāʻau o nā kuapo.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o ke ʻano a me nā ʻano hana
Kuhi: Forest Dormouse
ʻOiai ke manaʻo nei nā wao a me nā nāhelehele e lilo i punahele punahele a Sonya e noho ai, hiki no ʻoe ke hui pū me ia i ka loko o ka paka a i ʻole ka māla. Ua koho kekahi mau holoholona i kahi ala ola o kahi ala terrestrial, ʻo kekahi wale nō kahi terrestrial. ʻO ka hapa mua i ko lākou ola i nā lāʻau. ʻO ka maʻamau, ʻoi aku ka hana o ka dormouse i ka pō, akā i ka manawa huki, hiki ke ʻike ʻia ka holoholona i ka wā o ka lā. ʻO ka maʻamau ke alakaʻi lākou i ke ola bachelor, ola nā ʻohana i ka wā hoʻoulu wale nō.
Me ka hoʻomakaʻana o nā hau maloʻo, ua hānau ʻo Sonya. I kēia manawa, hōʻiliʻili lākou i ka nui o nā momona subcutaneous, a no laila hiki ke lilo i kaumaha i ka hoʻoilo ma 2 mau manawa. Hoʻemi iki ka pā ʻana o ke kino i kahi kūlana hiamoe. Inā i ke kauwela i kahi hana ikaika e hiki aku ai i ka 38 C, a laila i ka wā o ka hapalua ia 4-5 C, ʻoi aku paha ia.
Inā i ka manawa e ala ai lākou i ka lā, e paʻa ana ke anuanu, a laila hiki i ka holoholona ke hoʻi i ka lua a me ka hiamoe. Ma hope koke iho o ka hānau ʻana, e kau ana ka wā hoʻouluulu a ke ʻimi nei ʻo Sonya i nā hoa pili. Maemae loa ʻo Sony. Hiki iā lākou ke hoʻolōʻihi i nā hola he nui i hoʻohui i ko lākou lauoho, e hoʻokaʻawale ana me kēlā me kēia villus ma ka huelo. I loko o ka nahele, hiki iā lākou ke ola a hiki i 6 mau makahiki. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻokaʻawale iā lākou inā ke hopu ʻoe iā lākou me nā cubs. ʻAʻole makemake ʻo Sonyes i lawe ʻia me ko lākou mau lima lima.
ʻO ka hoʻolālā ʻenehana a me ka hana hou
Kuhi: Animal Forest Dormouse
Hoʻoikaika ka ʻona sony no kahi manawa pōkole loa o ke ola. I ka pūnāwai ua hoʻomaka lākou i nā pāʻani pāʻani. Ala mai nā mele mai ka ʻāinana ma mua o nā wahine a hoʻomaka e hōʻailona i nā kumulāʻau. ʻAi maikaʻi lākou i ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana i ka ikaika ma hope o ka hiamoe lōʻihi. Ma hope o hoʻokahi pule, ua lele nā minks a i nā wahine. Ia pō ka leo hoʻōho a kani lākou, a kani "kani" a waiho a kā lākou hōʻailona i kahi o nā kāne.
I ka wā ulu, noho lākou i ka pā ma ʻelua ma kahi pūnana. Akā ma mua o ka hānau ʻana, ua hoʻokuʻu ka wahine i ke kāne. Pōmaikaʻi kona ʻōpū ma kahi o 28 mau lā. Ma hope o lākou, a hiki i ka 8 mau keiki ua hānau ʻia. ʻO ka kumu, ʻo ke keiki ka manawa 1 ka manawa i kēlā me kēia makahiki. Ma ka pō o ka hānau ʻana, lilo ka wahine a ʻoi loa i ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana a hoʻohuihui i ka noho. Me ka nui o ka meaʻai, hiki ke noho ka dormouse i hoʻokahi nūhou e nā ʻohana.
Hānau ʻia ka dormouse liʻiliʻi ʻōpiopio a me ka makapō a kaupaona paha ma kahi o 2 g ma ka lā mua. Inā nele kekahi o nā keiki, ʻike ka makuahine i ka squeak a hoʻihoʻi iā ia.
I ka piha o 2 mau pule, e hoʻokaʻaka ka ʻili o nā maka i ko lākou mau maka a hiki koke iā lākou ke hoʻihoʻi kūʻokoʻa i nā lālā o nā lāʻau a loaʻa nā meaʻai no lākou. I nā makahiki 45, lilo lākou i kūʻokoʻa a haʻalele i ka pūnana.
ʻO nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe o ka ulu lāʻau
Kuhi: He aha kahi ʻano lāʻau dormouse
ʻO ka ʻenemi nui o kēia mau rodents i ka ʻāpana hina. ʻO ka lōʻihi o kona kino e hele i 38 cm a ʻoi aku hoʻi a hiki i 600 g. Aia kona mau ʻāpana i ka 1 m, a hiki ke kala ka ʻula mai ka hina i ka ʻulaʻulaʻula a ʻeleʻele paha.
Hoʻopili ʻia ke kino holoʻokoʻa i nā wahi ʻeleʻele a me nā kukui. ʻEleʻele nā maka. Ke hoʻopiha nei kēia ʻano manu ʻuku i nā ʻano palu, deciduous a coniferous forest, park and park. Hāʻawi pinepine ʻia i nā hollows, kahi e noho ai i nā makahiki he nui, e hoʻomaha ana iā lākou i ka hoʻoilo. Hiki ke noho i nā nīnū kahiko kahiko. E like me ka dormouse ulu nahele, noho ai kahi owl hina i nā wahi like a hoʻomau wale i ka wā ma hope o ka lā.
Ke ʻano o ka noho ʻana a me nā ʻano
Whakaahua kiʻi: Rodent Forest Dormouse
I loko o kona wahi o ka hoʻolaha, ua lawe like ʻole ka ulu o ke kāʻei o ka ululāʻau o ka ʻāina o ka US US mua. Ma ka māhele ʻo ʻEulopa, ma ka māhele o nā ululāʻau deciduous (Bialowieza, nā wahi Lūkini a me Belarusian, forest-steppe Ukraine), ke ʻano o kāna helu, akā i ka laulā he liʻiliʻi.
Ma ka ʻākau (Pskov, Tver, Volga, Baltic States) kēia ʻano o ka hiamoe ʻana e lilo i mea liʻiliʻi loa. Ma kēia mau wahi, ua kākau inoa ʻia nā dormouse ulu i loko o ka Red Book a pono i ka nānā ʻana i nā mea i pilikia a maʻewaʻelima. I nā makahiki he 20 i hala aku nei i nānā aku ai i nā ʻano lāʻau o ka biocenter VSU, ua hōʻike ʻia aia wale nō 1 mau dormouse ululāʻau a me kahi dormouse mau kala i hopu ʻia ma 9,800 pō pōʻai. Ma ka manawa like, ke nānā pono ʻana i ka titmouse, ua loaʻa iā 8 mau kanaka ʻelemakule a me 2 mau pipi o 6 mau holoholona ʻōpio.
ʻO ka nui o kēia mau holoholona i nā kuahiwi - ʻo ka Carpathians, ka Caucasus, Transcaucasia, Codri, Kopet-Dag, a me Central Asia - ʻaʻole i hopohopo. ʻAʻole kūʻē ka hale dormouse i ka nahele i ka pili o ke kanaka. ʻAe lākou ʻae i loko o nā ʻohi, nā māla waina, nā ʻanuʻu walnut. Ma Moldova, loaʻa nā mahalo nui o ka dormouse i nā kākela pulu manu apiki, nā mea kanu o ka acacia keʻokeʻo, a me ka caragana. Mai kēia mai ke kiʻi ʻia i koi ai ʻo ka dormouse i ka nahele me ka pale a me ka mālama i nā ʻāina CIS ma ka ʻae-komohana ʻākau o kona mau wahi.
ʻO ka pale dormouse pale
Kuhi: Animal Forest Dormouse
Kuhi ʻia nā ʻano lāʻau dormouse ma ka Red Book o nā wahi o Rusia - Kursk, Oryol, Tambov a me Lipetsk mau wahi. Kēia kīnā ʻia o kēia mau dormouse e ka Vienna Convention ma ka pae honua. Hoʻohui pū ʻia nō hoʻi ka dormouse ululāʻau i ka papa inoa ʻula IUCN, me he ʻano ʻano mea e pono ai ka mālama mau a me ka nānā ʻana.
ʻO nā mea nui no ka nalo ʻana o kēia mau holoholona:
- nā hana ulu lāʻau i kēlā me kēia makahiki ka nui o ka mālama ʻana i ka nui o nā pā o ka nahele dormouse,
- ʻokiʻoki ʻana a me ka hoʻopoka ʻana i nā ulu lāʻau ulu piha ʻia.
- ka hōʻemi nui ʻana o ka wahi kū i ke kūlohelohe,
- ulu ulu kino,
- hōʻiliʻili maikaʻi
- ka hoʻemi ʻana o ka nui o nā kumulāʻau kahiko.
ʻO ka Oksky Reserve ma ka Ryazan Region, Belarus Berezinsky, ʻo Voronezh a me Khopersky i pale aku i nā wahi e pale aku ai i ka noho kino o ka dormouse ulu lāʻau a hoʻomaopopo i nā mea hou no kā lākou mālama, papaʻi i nā ʻano lāʻau like ʻole. Mālama ka VGPBZ a me KhGPZ i ka ʻanoe a lawe i nā hana e mālama ai i ka biocenoses kūlohelohe.
ʻAʻole tūtū ʻia nā mea aloha o kēia ʻano holoholona e hopu i ka dormouse ulu lāʻau a lawe i ka home. He ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka lawe ʻana i kāu pēpē i mau hale kūʻai loea. ʻO ka kūʻai mua aku no ka holoholona, ʻo ia ka nui pale. Mai ʻae ʻoe iā ia e hele wāwae a puni ka hale me ke ʻano ʻole ulu lāʻau holo pono i ka holo mua.
ʻAuhea e noho ai ka dormouse māla?
Noho ka nui o ka dormouse i nā ululāʻau, ma ka laulā he nui, a i ʻole nā wahi puʻupuʻu nui. Hiki ke noho i nā māla i haʻalele ʻia.
ʻO nā nohona kahi o nā kīhāpai o nā kīhāpai:
- ʻāpana ʻākau o ʻApelika,
- ʻlelo hikina o ʻEulopa,
- Altai
- kokoke i nā wahi a Belarus,
- mahele ʻāpana o ka Lūkini - Leningrad, Novgorod, Pskov mau wahi, ka palena o nā Urals ma lalo, Lower Prikamye,
- kekahi mau wahi i ka Asia Minor
- Kina
- Iapana
Pono ke kīhāpai laʻa i ka ʻāina āpau, kahi e lanakila nui ai nā lāʻau ulu-ulu. ʻOi aʻe ka maʻamau i nā ulu lāʻau me nā conifers. Ua koho pinepine ʻia nā māla mahi ʻai a i ʻole nā ʻāina mahiai i nā ʻona noho. ʻO nā wahi aloha i kahi o nā lāʻau ākea. I ka manawa pinepine, koho ʻia nā ʻāpana ʻānela, nā wahi mākaukau o ke kūlanakauhale ma nā wahi noho.
ʻAʻole makaʻu lākou i nā kānaka, no laila e hoʻokūkū pinepine lākou i nā wahi kanaka. Aia kekahi mau hihia o ka ʻulina māla kūloko. Eia nō naʻe, ʻike ʻia he mea nui wale nā poʻe ʻōpio e hiki ke māi ʻia e kekahi kanaka. Eia kekahi, ʻaʻole makemake nui kēia mau rodents i ka wā e pā aku ai kahi mea iā lākou.
He aha kā ka lāʻau dormouse e ʻai ai?
Manaʻo ka dormouse i kahi o nā māla. E hānai ana i nā meaʻai a me nā mea kanu holoholona. Wahi a Zoologists ʻoi ka mea nui o ka meaʻai.
ʻO nā mea e komo i ka papa o ka holoholona:
- hua manu
- moa e hiolo ana mai nā ohua,
- kolo o nā mea inikua like ʻole,
- ʻūhini,
- nāʻauwai
- nā hua
- nā huaʻala
- houpo lewalv
- mau piʻiona, spider, millipedes, ʻūlio,
- ʻawaʻawa
- lau
- nā hua
- mau huaʻaka
- aa
- nā ʻōpio ʻōpiopio o nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole.
I ka pilina me ka ʻahaʻaina, he nui nā mea ʻai e ʻai ikaika i ke kauwela a pau, a no kekahi mea he ʻano ʻano ʻo ia ke kūʻai pū. Hoʻopau ʻia nā lāʻau dormouse lāʻau, e like me ka dormouse hazel, i luku ʻia i ka wā mua. Hoʻokumu ke ʻano o nā limana o ka sony māla i ka meaʻai ikaika ma ka honua. Eia kekahi, ua manaʻo ʻia he mau mea akamai. Hiki iā lākou ke hopu i kahi manu liʻiliʻi, a pōkole paha. Hiki i nā piʻi i nā kumulāʻau e ʻimi i nā ʻuʻu manu.
E inu i ka hua manu ma ka hana ʻana i nā lua i loko o nā hua me kona mau niho. Ma ka ʻano like, ʻai nā ʻehā i ka ʻaihue ʻana mai ka ʻu. I ka wā o ka pōloli a me ka nele o ka meaʻai, ʻikea nā hihia o ka hopu ʻana a hiki i nā meheu hina. He hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona ka mea ʻoiai me ka nui o nā meaʻai mea kanu, nā hua a me nā hua, pono lākou i ka ʻai maʻamau o nā meaʻai o nā holoholona. Inā ʻai ʻole nā rodents i ka ʻai no nā lā 5-7, e hāʻule ana i loko o ka puʻu.
ʻO nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe o ka hale hulina
ʻO nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe o nā dormouse mākeke:
ʻO nā mea hoʻokūkū ma nā huaʻōlelo o nā ʻiʻo hina, ka mea e hoʻopau ai i ka hiamoe hiamoe i nā helu nui. ʻO ka ʻenemi nui loa o nā ʻenemi he poʻe kānaka a me kā lākou hana. Ua luku ʻia ke kanaka iā lākou ma nā helu he nui a maopopo ʻole. Hoʻopau nā kānaka i nā holoholona ma muli o ka poino e hana aku ai i nā māla a me nā māla. ʻAi ʻo Rodents i nā hua, nā hua a me nā hua o nā kumulāʻau. ʻO nā ʻīlio a me nā pōlio i hopu ʻia ma ka māla hiamoe, no ka mea he mea makemake nui lākou.
Ua ʻike ʻia nā ala o ka luku ʻana i ka holoholona me ka manaʻo o ka ʻili i nā ʻili. Hoʻohana ʻia lākou e nā kānaka e like me ka hulu hulu.
ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea kanu kemika, nā mea kanu kūlohelohe kekahi e hāʻawi pū i ka hōʻemi o ka nui o nā pona sony. ʻO nā poʻe o nā ʻohana hiamoe hiamoe ka nui o nā ʻenemi i ko lākou wahi kūlohelohe. ʻO ka mea e pōʻino loa ʻia nei ka poʻe, nā ʻāpana a me nā ʻūhā, ʻo ia hoʻi ka mauʻu hina. ʻOiai ke wikiwiki a me ka dexterity kaulana, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻōla mau ʻia ka dormouse mākeke mai ka hoʻouka ʻana i nā holoholona hihiu a me nā manu. ʻO ka noho kokoke ʻana i nā wahi kanaka i lilo i mea hoʻokalakupua nā holoholona.
Mālama lāʻau kanu lāʻau
ʻO ka pale o nā ʻano pili i ka pale o ka dormouse māla mai nā hana kanaka. Ua helu ʻia ka holoholona ma ka International Red Book. Ma kēia hana, pāpā maoli ʻia ka luku ʻia ʻana o ka holoholona no kekahi kumu.
Eia kekahi, ʻaʻole nā hana kūikawā no ka mālama a me ka hoʻonui ʻana o nā helu i hana ʻia a hana ʻia.
Pāho lāʻau i ka ʻaoʻao like ʻole i ka kaomi ʻulaʻula, i hoʻololi i ke kala o ke kapa. Hoʻohālikelike pinepine ʻia kēia mea ma kahi squirrel ma muli o kona dexterity a me ke hiki ke piʻi koke i nā lālā a piʻi i nā lāʻau.
ʻO nā ʻike e pili ana i nā ola o Sony
ʻOiai me ka ʻoiaʻiʻo e alakaʻi nei ka rodent i kahi pōkole koʻikoʻi, i ke ao ke ʻike ʻo ia ʻaʻole iʻoi aku ka hewa. He mokala kūikawā ka mammalhiki ke hoʻomoʻi ʻia i ke kuʻo. ʻAe ʻae kēia i ka rodent e holo i loko o nā pā pihi liʻiliʻi loa e noho ana ma luna o ka lāʻau. No laila e loaʻa ai iā lākou kahi wahi palekana loa e hoʻomaha ai a e kūkulu i kahi pūnana i hope. Mahalo i kēia ʻano koʻikoʻi, e ola ana ka holoholona a me nā moʻomeheu.
Piki aku i waho o kāna peʻe e ʻimi ai i ka meaʻai, ʻoiai kona mau maka maikaʻi, ua hilinaʻi ʻo Sonya i kāna lohe kūʻokoʻa. I ka hana a nā poʻe ʻimi, he liʻiliʻi, mau pepeiao pepeiao e hiki ke hoʻololi i ko lākou kūlana ma ke poʻo. Kahi ʻia nā ʻano o nā pepeiao, kūʻokoʻa ʻole kekahi i kekahi. Loaʻa i ka pepeiao lāʻau nui ka nui o ka pepeiao, he liʻiliʻi ka nui o ka hazel, akā lawe ka nahele i ke kolu o ka wahi. Hiki ke loaʻa nā kiʻi o kēia mau holoholona nani a nani hoʻi i ka Pūnaewele.
ʻOiai e ʻai ana i nā meaʻai ikaika, Hiki ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia ʻo Sonya ma kahi kikoʻi. ^ E Ha yM. Mālama ʻo ia i kāna ʻai me kona mau wāwae mua a huli koke. Mahalo i kēlā mau hana a me kāna mea e koi ai, hiki iā ia ke wehe maʻalahi i ka pale paʻakikī o kahi pālato a me nā hua like ʻole.
ʻAʻole hiki ke kapa ʻia kēia mau momi. ʻO ka mea mua, hoʻomaʻemaʻe lākou i ka lōʻihi, a me ka lua - ʻaʻole loa lākou iʻoi aku ma mua o 5 mau kālā. Hiki ke kapa ʻia ke kumu ʻekolu i ka helu o ka moe ʻana i kēlā me kēia makahiki - he ʻelua wale nō. ʻ, ʻo ke kumu nui ko lākou aloha o ka hiamoe a me kona mau lōʻihi.
Inā mākou e kamaʻilio e pili ana i kēia mau kumu āpau i ka manawa like, a laila ua pau ka hopena o nā sony. Akā i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻokoʻa nā mea āpau. Ka hana hoʻomohala makuahine, i ulu nui ʻia i ka wahine, hiki iā ia ke mālama i kēlā me kēia cub me ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa kūikawā a me ka mālama. He kūpono ke hoʻohui i ke olakino maikaʻi a i ke ola lōʻihi. Huli i ka nui o ka noho ʻana o ka palekana ʻaʻole i ka weliweli.
Pehea e huki ai i kahi dormouse? E kōkua kēia i ke kiʻi mai ka Pūnaewele.
Hazel loea
Hāʻawi ʻia kēia ʻano rodent i ka liʻiliʻi loa. I ka lōʻihi, hiki lākou i ʻole o 10 cm i loaʻa i ke kūlohelohe i nā mākeke:
Kūkulu nā Rodents i nā ʻuʻu ikaika no kā lākou mamo mai nā lau a me ka mauʻu, a aia lākou ma nā lālā o nā kumulāʻau.
Hiki ke loaʻa kēia ʻano rodent ma luna o nā kumulāʻau, inā paha he pulu, ʻaʻohe hakahaka, ʻaʻohe paʻa. Hiki iā Sonya ke noho i loko o kahi manu manu, inā aia wale nō iā ia.
Hoʻohana ʻia nā lāʻau a me nā mea kanu holoholona e ka holoholona wale nō i ka manawa mahana, a no ka hoʻoilo ke koho lākou i nā wahi i hilinaʻi ʻia a nui hoʻi ka mahana. ʻO kēia, e like me ka mea maʻamau, he mauʻu liʻiliʻi ʻo ia, aia ma ke kumu o nā lāʻau.
I ka home Pono e mālama i kēia ʻano ma nā puʻupuʻu kiʻekiʻe. ʻO kēia no ka mea makemake ʻo Sonya e piʻi i nā lāʻau, a ma kahi hale haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa ʻaʻole ia e loaʻa iā ia kahi manawa like. I kahi hale kiʻekiʻe, hiki ke hoʻonohonoho iā ia no hoʻokahi wale nō, akā he nui nā hale kāleka, ʻo ia ke kumu e hoʻonui nui ai kona hōʻoluʻolu.
Ua kūpono ke kulu o nā hāmeʻa e like me ka mea hānai, a me nā nati a me nā ʻalā he ʻono maikaʻi ʻole.
He mau kumu nui o ke ʻano o kēia ʻano paʻakikī e mālama i ka home:
- Ua liʻiliʻi a nui loa ka holoholona. Inā pakele ʻo ia mai ka hale lua, a aneane hiki ʻole ke hopu iā ia i ka hale. ʻO kēlā e hoʻomaka wale nei e ʻeha i nā lako a me nā mea āpau.
- He ʻano kiko ʻāpana wale nō kēia ʻano holoholona, no laila e pono e hoʻomaʻemaʻe pinepine i ka loko. E noho mau ka ʻuhane ma loko o ka hale, no laila inā he mau māka i ka hale, a laila ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hōʻole ʻana i kēlā holoholona.
- pono lākou i ka hānai kūikawā - pono lākou i nā pepeke.
Pāho lāʻau
ʻO ia ka nani loa. ^ E Ha yM. ʻO kaʻulaʻula huluhulu ka meaʻeleʻeleʻeleʻele, shimmers i ka lā, ma ka maka he "mask" hoihoi a hāʻawi ʻia i kahi kiʻi a kupaianaha. ʻO ka ʻōpū o ka poʻe āpau he keʻokeʻo-keʻokeʻo, ma ka hope o ka huʻu - kahi pala, ma ka muzzle sly - nā maka nui a me nā pepeiao. ʻAʻole hiki i nā kānaka āpau ke kahaki i kēlā holoholona nani.
Loaʻa ka holoholona nui, holo koke ma o nā lāʻau, nā lāʻau a me ka mea. ʻO nā mea ʻai nui he mau pepeke. Hiki iā ia ke hoʻohana i nā meaʻai kanu, akā hāʻawi i ka makemake i ka holoholona.
Inā holo kēlā holoholona i ka home, a laila pono ʻoe i kahi kekā kūikawā, a ʻoi aku ka terrarium maikaʻi. Mai ka lawena he mea makemake ia - nā pūpū pepeke me nā wīwī palaoa. Kūpono ʻia ka ʻōlato kūpono e like me nā meaʻai hoʻohui.
ʻO ke kahua lāʻau ʻo The Dormouse The Red Book he kope kūʻokoʻa.
Kālepa lāʻau
ʻO kēia ka kaikuahine o ka holoholona māla, ʻo ia wale nō noho ʻole ʻia ka noho. ^ E Ha yM. I ka home, ʻaʻole ʻōlelo ka poʻe loea i ka loaʻa ʻana. Aia kekahi mau kumu no kēia:
- meaʻaiʻai paʻakikī
- aloha kēlā me kēia mea i kekahi mea ʻē aʻe, aia nā ʻano gourmets ma waena o lākou,
- He mea paʻakikī loa ke kūʻai a mālama ʻole i nā meaʻai kūikawā no nā rodents.
Hānai
He nui loa ka dormouse o ka nahele. ʻO kēia wale nō ke kūpono i ka huaʻōlelo "hoʻopunipuni ke helehelena": he holoholona kīleʻa palupalu he mea hoʻopau kaiʻai, i loko o ka meaʻai ʻai holoholona ʻaʻole wale nō nā holoholona.
Ke kūlohelohe nei, hānai nā limu liʻiliʻi i ka mea inikua (nā pākeke a me nā larva) i nā kīwī manu, a i kekahi manawa ʻaʻole hōʻole i ka moa a iʻa paha.
No laila, ka mua o kaʻai ʻana o nā meaʻai holoholona i ke ʻano he mua. Hiki iā ia kēia i ka hua moa maka, ʻiʻo, moa nui, ʻaila palaoa, pupae pepeke.
ʻO ka dormouse ulu lāʻau, ka mea e loaʻa ai ka mea kanu mea kanu wale nō, nalowale ka hana ma hope o hoʻokahi pule, a hiki i nā wahine ke ʻai i kā lākou mau kō.
Ua kūpono nā māla lau i nā mea - he pono ke hilinaʻi i kēlā me kēia o nā mea i makemake ʻia e ka holoholona.
ʻO kahi laʻana, i ka pūnāwai, i ka wā e hele mai ai nā holoholona i ka wā hānau, he aha ka mea e ʻai ai ka dormouse ulu lāʻau. Inā ʻaʻole nā hoki a me nā ʻili, he mau moe hiamoe hoʻi e noho ana i ka hale me ka ʻai i kekahi mea a lākou e makemake ai, ma ka pūnāwai ke makemake lākou i nā ʻōpū a me nā ʻili.
ʻO nā huahana i loaʻa ʻole i ka kūlohelohe, home dormouse hauʻoli i ka meli, ka kō, ke kāleka, nā kuki, nā ʻaina keʻokeʻo i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka waiū, a me nā wai kūlohelohe momona.
No ka mea āpau e aloha ai nā holoholona i nā huahana, pono e loaʻa ka liʻiliʻi i kā lākou meaʻai.
Ka nānā ʻole o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka ʻai succulent, pono ka wai hou i loko o ka lua. E hele koke ia i ka lepo, no laila pono ʻoe e hoʻololi i ka wai i kēlā me kēia lā.
HUI KUI QUIETU
Aia ka hale ma ka hau hoʻoilo o Rodent ma lalo o nā ʻāina, i nā puʻu o ka lāʻau a i ʻole nā aʻa. ʻO ka hohonu o kēlā lua e pili ana i 30 cm: kokoke kokoke i ka maka, hiki i ka honua ke manuahi a make ka holoholona.
Ma kahi o ʻelima mau mahina ma ka ʻōpū o ka nahele. Ala aʻe ʻo ia i ka hopena o ʻApelila - Mei, i ka wā e nalowale nei ka hau a hiki i ka pō e hoʻomau ʻia nā ea kūpono. Inā he wā loloa ka wā i ka manawa e ala ai, hiki i ke dormouse ke hoʻi hou i ka lua a hiamoe iki. Ma hope koke o ka haʻalele ʻana i ka hānau ʻana, hele nā holoholona e ʻimi i nā hoapili: hoʻomaka ka wā hoʻoulu.
ʻO ka wehewehe ʻana o ka ʻohana Sony
ʻO nā ʻano āpau o nā ʻohana Sonya, a ʻoi aku paha he 28 mau mea o lākou, e like nō i nā squirrels a me nā kiʻi. He ʻokoʻa me ka kala kala, loaʻa lākou a pau me ka muzzle neʻe me ka vibrissae lōʻihi lōʻihi, nā pepeiao liʻiliʻi a me nā maka nui. ʻO ka huelo lōʻihi ʻo ia ka mea e hoʻolaʻa ai i ka dormouse, kahi e nānā ai iā lākou e like me nā squirrels. ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona ʻokoʻa o kēia mau pēpē ke hihia ai, hiki i ka dormouse ke nalowale i kona kapa huʻu a pakele i ka ʻenemi. I kēia hihia, hiki koke ke loaʻa ʻana o ka wahi i hōʻino.
E like me nā mea āpau, ʻo ke ʻano o nā niho o Sonya e hōʻike ai i ka nui o nā meaʻai kanu, nā ʻala a me nā huaʻai i ka meaʻai. ʻO ka pale ʻana o nā holoholona me ke ʻano o nā iniseti a me nā ʻōhumu pōpoki he mālama no ka hapa nui o ka dormouse. ʻO ka nui o ka holoholona e kau ana i nā ʻano, a me ke kala. ʻO nā maʻamau maʻamau no Sonya ka maʻamau o ka nohona nocturnal a lōʻihi ka hoʻoilo o ka hoʻoilo no ka hoʻoilo. Hiamoe lākou a hiki i 7 mau mahina, nona lākou i inoa ai.
ʻO ke kumu o Sonya a me nā wahi kamaʻāina
He ʻano milina ola ʻo Sonya kahi ʻelele o ke aupuni holoholona nui. Ma ke kaʻina noiʻi ʻana i kēia mau holoholona i kālai ʻia, ua ʻimi nā kānakaʻepekema iā lākou i loko o ka papa o ka mammals, ke kauoha rodent, a me ka ʻohana carotid.
Ua pālahalaha ka pālahalahahele ʻana i ke ʻano o ka dormouse, akā inā makemake ʻoe e kipa aku i kēia rodent, a laila ʻaʻole pono ʻoe i kahi huakaʻi hele, ʻike ʻia kēia mau holoholona a puni ka Europa a me ʻAsia.
Lāiau a me kaʻai kino
ʻO nā wahi maʻamau o ka nahele dormouse ka nahele i ulu palupalu me ka pohō maloʻo, i kekahi manawa e noho ana i nā wili i hui ʻia ka māla, nā māla, nā nāhelehele. Hiki i ka dormouse ulu nahele ke kuʻi manu, nā ʻuʻu manu kahiko, a hiki pū iā ia i kūkulu i kona mau ʻuhane. He ʻokoʻa na ka hona ʻona ma loko o nā ʻano kaiʻai a me nā mea hānai holoholona. ʻO nā mea kanu meaʻai, makemake nui ka dormouse i nā hua a me nā hua o nā mea kanu kai a me nā mea kanu (acorns, linden a me nā beech behel, nā hua ʻāpala, nā hua momona wai momona). ʻO ka hānai holoholona, e makemake ʻia nā mea ʻino like ʻole, akā hiki pū ka hua manu a me nā moa liʻiliʻi. Aia i ka manawa a me ka noho, hiki i nā mea kanu a me nā mea holoholona ke nui i ka ʻai o ka dormouse ulu.
Pūnaewele
ʻO nā koho maikaʻi loa no ka mālama ʻana i ka hale he dwarf, hazel, māla, nā nahele a me nā hoʻoponopono.
- ʻO ka manu a me ka pōpilikia ma muli o kā lākou liʻiliʻi, hiki ke noho ma kahi hale.
- No ka maʻemaʻe, e maikaʻi loa ana ka lua a me ka aviary.
- Pono mālama ʻia ka māla a me ka nahele i loko o ka aviary.
Pono ke koho ʻia i ka hao me nā koʻokoʻo pinepine, i holo ʻole ka holoholona. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka metala e hoʻohana, ʻaʻole like me ka lāʻau a me ka plastic, ka mea i hala ke manawa me ke ʻano ʻono ʻole, a ʻo ka rodent e hana me lākou i loko o ka helu ʻelua a holo aku i ke kuokoa. Ma kahi huikala e hoʻihoʻi ʻia e hoʻomaʻemaʻe. ʻO ka Sawdust, nā lāʻau kākela maikaʻi a me nā one maloʻo ke koho maikaʻi loa no ka moena.
I ka noʻonoʻo ʻana o kēia mau holoholona e ikaika loa ana, ʻoi aku ke aho e koho i kahi kelepona i ākea nui. Pono ka hoʻohui ʻia me kahi kīʻaha koʻikoʻi o ka meaʻai a i ʻole ka huli ʻana o ka holoholona, a me kahi mea inu wai kaʻawale. Nui nā kala, nā paipa, kahi kaula a me nā huila e kūpono me ka ʻoliʻoli. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohui i kahi hale hou i ka halihali, kahi ana ʻo Sonya e hoʻopili ai i ka nalo.
KĀOHANUI! ʻO ka momona, ka ʻōpala, ka pepa maʻemaʻe i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i nā ʻāpana he kūpono no ka hoʻopiha ʻana.
Pono e holoi pinepine ʻia ka Habitat:
- nā kīʻaha a me nā mea inu - kēlā me kēia lā,
- hoʻololi i nā litter - ʻelua i ka pule,
- disinfection - 1 manawa i 2-3 mau mahina.
Hiki iā ʻoe ke disinfect i ka loko me ka wai e hoʻolapalapa ai.
Pono e noho ka Sonia ma nā wahi i kū ʻole ʻia ai nā pūkaha wela. He ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka pale aku i ka rodent mai ka lā maka mai a e waiho aku i ka nalo mai ka pākaukau.
Maʻi maʻi
ʻO ka mālama pono i nā lula maʻamau no ka mālama a mālama pono i ka kī i ke ola lōʻihi a ola i ka holoholona. Hoʻomaopopo ka poʻe nona kēia mau holoholona i ka maikaʻi o nā olakino. No laila, ʻoiai ʻoe e nānā i nā loli i ka hana, hōʻole i ka ʻai, lethargy, he manawa kēia e hoʻokaʻa aku ai i ka mea loea.
Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā maʻi iā 2 mau pūʻulu:
- ʻO nā maʻi ʻaʻole i loaʻa. ^ E Ha yM. Hoʻopuka nā holoholona i nā hopena alakiko, ke huehue, a me ka momona.
- Nā maʻi maʻi maʻi. ^ E Ha yM. Hiki i ka mea wehe holoholona maʻi ke hoʻoholo i ko lākou heleʻana. Hoʻololi ʻia lākou e kahi maʻi, nā microorganism a me nā parasit. ʻO nā koho paʻakikī loa ka komo ʻana o ka palapu o ka ʻili, colibacteriosis, salmonellosis, brucellosis, listeriosis.
ʻO ka wehewehe ʻana o nā ʻano Sonya a me kā lākou ʻano hiʻohiʻona
Wahi a kekahi mau kumuhana ʻepekema, aia ma kahi o 25-30 mau ʻano loea o nā ʻāpana like ʻole o ka ʻohana carotid ma ka honua, i komo pū ʻia i kekahi mau ʻano like ʻole, ʻaʻole naʻe i ola i ka manawa o ko mākou manawa. Nui nā ʻano he nui e noho kokoke ana me mākou a he kūpono kūpono no nā holoholona.
Sonya Polchok
ʻOkoʻa kēia ʻaha o ka fauna honua mai kona mau hoahānau a pau i kāna mau ʻāpana - ʻo ia ka dormouse nui loa. Ulu ke kino o kekahi holoholona makua i ka lōʻihi mai 15 a 20 cm, ka nui o ko lākou mau kino ma waena o 150 a 200 grama. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka huelo e like me ka 10-13 cm.Inā ʻaʻole ʻoe e nānā iki iki i kēia olakino, a laila hiki iā ʻoe ke kānalua iā ia i ka pilina pili ʻohana i nā puʻu a ʻoiaʻiʻo kekahi o lākou i kekahi. ʻO nā pepeiao wale o nā regimen liʻiliʻi, aia wale nō nā brushes mua.
Hoʻopaʻa ʻia ke kino o kēia momi i kahi māla ākea o ka hulu, akā ʻo ka hulu ka mea pōkole. Hoʻohālikelike me kona puʻukū lāʻau, ʻo ka ʻoni o kēia holoholona e kūlike mau a ʻaʻole ia e pili ai i ke ʻano a me ka hiʻona. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia kahi dormouse i kahi kalaʻula-hina-brown me kahi hāpona iʻoi aʻe. Kahi lohi ka ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū ma mua o ke kua a ua pāpaʻi ʻia i nā kala keʻokeʻo a me ka melemele. ʻO ka helehelena maikaʻi o kēia mea ola, ua ʻike koke ʻia kona "mea kūlohelohe" i ke ʻano o nā apo aniani a puni nā maka, he mea hoʻomanaʻo ʻia nā lālani, akā ua ʻike ʻia kekahi mau lālā o kā lākou ʻano.
No ka mea mua i hōʻike ʻia ai kēia ʻano nui o ka rodent ma UK, ʻoiai ke ākea ka laulima kūlohelohe a holo aku loa ma mua o ʻAsia. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia kēia mau ʻōmaʻomaʻo me nā ʻili fluffy i ka wā e hele ana i Farani, Italia, Sepania a me nā wahi o ke kahakai o ka moana Mediterranean.
Ma muli o ka hele maoli ʻana o kēia mau holoholona nani i ka mea kanu maʻa, ua koho lākou i nā ulu lāʻau no ko lākou ola, kahi e nui ai nā hua lāʻau nui, ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke ʻai i ka hua a me nā ʻōpala i ko lākou ola a pau, ʻaʻole manamana lākou i ka ʻai ʻana i kekahi wai momona hua. Hiki i nā pūlima ke noho kokoke i nā wahi mahiʻai, e like me nā māla waina a i ʻole nā māla. ʻAʻole ʻai nui ka holoholona, no laila ʻaʻole ia e lawe mai i ka poho nui i ka hua, akā ʻo ia iho e noho piha a maona hoʻi. Mahalo nui loa iā ia i nā hua ʻalā, nā ʻaka, ka ʻUkau, nā ʻalā, nā lau a me nā ʻōpala a me nā ʻeleʻele. Ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana i kahi pāʻina, pono mua ka holoholona e pono ke kīleʻa a ʻai ʻia, ʻaʻole ia e ʻai inā ʻaʻole māhuahua kāna kīʻai.
Holo ka manawa o kēia hana i kēia mau pōpoki i ka pō, me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka pōkole ma ka ʻāina, haʻalele kēia mau holoholona liʻiliʻi nimble i kā lākou mau hale liʻiliʻi a hoʻomaka e ʻimi i nā ʻano maikaʻi. Hoʻohana lākou i ka hapa nui o ko lākou manawa i nā lāʻau; Akā ʻaʻole naʻe lākou ikaika i ka lōʻihi, no ka mea, mai ka waena o Kepakemapa ka hoʻomaka lākou e hāʻule i loko o ka moe hoʻoilo. ʻAno kupanaha ʻo kaʻoiaʻiʻo ʻo nā kāne makua mua e haʻalele no ka hoʻoilo hoʻoilo, a laila ma ka makahiki kūpono.
No ka hoʻoilo, mālama nā lula i nā lua hohonu e hiki ana i ka lōʻihi o kahi 180-200 cm. Akā, inā ʻaʻole makemake lākou e hana i ka hana ʻana, a he mau wahi hoʻopukapuka kanaka kokoke mai, a laila hiki i kēia mau mea ke hiki i ka hoʻoilo ma ka pāleka a hiki hoʻi ma lalo o nā kahua o nā hale. ʻAʻole lākou i hana i nā ʻāpana hoʻoilo, no kēia kumu, i ka manawa anuanu, he nui o nā holoholona make, ʻaʻohe ona manawa e hānai pono i ka hoʻoilo, no ka mea inā ua hoʻopilikia lākou i kā lākou hiamoe, ala koke lākou, ʻaʻohe o kā lākou mea ʻai i ka hoʻoilo.
Hoʻolaha, ʻApelika ʻAmelika Hema
Kālaha ʻia kēia ʻano ma kahi o nā palena o ko mākou ʻāina, noho nui lākou ma nā wahi papa i waiho ma ka ʻaoʻao komohana o ka ʻānela ʻAmelika wela.
He holoholona liʻiliʻi kahi dormouse Aferika, ʻo kona kino miniature ʻaʻole eʻoi aku ma mua o 15 cm ka lōʻihi, e kaupaona ana ma kahi o 25-45 gram. ʻO ka huluhulu o kēia eccentric mai ʻAmelika Hōʻoluʻolu ia i nā hana, kaalulu, ka mea i paʻi ʻia i nā pale smoky-hina. Hoʻohana ʻia ka hoʻolālā ʻana o ka tummy o kēia mamala i kahi keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo, i kekahi manawa me kahi ʻāpana lehu. I kekahi mau kanaka, e kūlike ana i kēia kuana, ʻike ʻia ke ʻano o kahi ʻano i hana ʻia e nā wahi liʻiliʻi o ka ʻulaʻula. Hiki i ke kiʻi ke kau aku ma luna o ka maka o kahi holoholona.
ʻAʻole e like me ko lākou mau ʻohana aloha, ʻaʻole ʻae kēia ʻaha kanaka Aferika i ka minamina, no kēia kumu i ka hihiu i noho ai lākou i loko o nā hui kaiapuni nui.
He aha ke ʻano o ka mea like?
ʻO ka sony ʻohana a i ʻole sony (Gliridae) e pili i nā kauoha o ka rodents. ʻO kēia mau holoholona liʻiliʻi loa, akā ʻo ka lōʻihi o ke kino o ka nui loa ka nui o ka hiki i 20 cm. ʻO ko lākou huelo, e like me ke kānāwai, he lōʻihi iki i ka kino. Ke alakaʻi nei kekahi mau ʻōhua i ke ala o ke ola ākea, ʻokoʻa lākou i kahi ʻona a i ʻole kapa a i ʻole kahi ʻoka a nānā like a me nā kiʻi maʻamau. ʻO nā kuhi e makemake i ke ola ma nā lāʻau he mau lāʻau kuʻekuʻe a like a like me nā squirrels i ka helehelena. I kekahi manawa ua kapa ʻia kēia mau holoholona he mau ratus-ʻano, akā ʻokoʻa lākou i nā kaole. ʻO kēia mau mea liʻiliʻi e ʻike i nā wahi ākea. Hiki iā lākou ke hālāwai me ʻEulopa, ma ke kūkulu ʻākau o ʻApelika, ma Asia Minor, i nā mauna Altai, a me Iapana. Aia hoʻi kekahi ʻike o ʻAmelika Hema.
Maopopo?ʻO ka dormouse Kepani ka mea liʻiliʻi loa ma ka ʻohana dormouse (ka nui o ke kino a hiki i 8 cm, ke kaupaona nei ma kahi o 20 g) a ua hiki ke holo i nā lālā i lalo. Mālama nui ia ma ka nectar a me ka polī.
Pale
ʻO kēia ʻano nui ka mea nui loa o ka dormouse. Hiki ke kuhihewa paha no kahi lāʻau liʻiliʻi. I ka lōʻihi, hiki i ke kino o ka holoholona ke hiki i 20 cm, he pala, ke kāwili ka lōʻihi o ka lōʻihi o ke kino. ʻO ka hulu ma luna o ka hina a hina paha, hina paha, mai lalo o nā kala e loli i ka hina hina a ʻulaʻula paha. Hiki ke nānā ʻia nā apo aniani i nā maka. Nui ke aloha ʻo Sonya Polchok i nā ululāʻau palu. E makemake ʻo ia i nā wahi like o ka nahele kahi i loaʻa nā hua lāʻau ulu nahele a me nā mea kanu me nā hua ʻai (hazelnut, hawthorn, honeysuckle, etc.). Hoʻohana ʻia nā nests ma nā hollows. I kekahi manawa hiki ke hana i ka pūnana ma waena o nā pōhaku a i lalo o nā kumulāʻau i hāʻule. Noho pinepine i nā hale manu, e kipaku ʻia i nā manu mai lākou. E hānai nui wale ka waika i nā meaʻai kanu - nā hua, nā hua, nā hua. Hoʻomaka ka hānau ʻana i ka hāʻule, e ala wale i ka mahina o Mei, a ʻo Iune.
Maopopo?Ua wehewehe ʻo Aristotle i kahi dormouse a me kahi kīhāpai māla. Ua kapa ʻo ia i kēia mau holoholona "eleos", hiki ke unuhi i ka wā Helene kahiko me ka "nani" a "nani".
Nā hiʻohiʻona ʻikepili
Ma mua o ka kūʻai ʻana i kahi Sony, pono ʻoe e hoʻomākaukau. ʻOiai ʻaʻole pono lākou i kahi kakala nui, mai kūʻai i ka puni no lākou. E like me nā rodents āpau, he ʻino lākou i nā kūlana. I loko o kahi hale paʻahao, makemake ʻia e loaʻa ka pōʻai kahe a me nā loʻi he nui. ʻO kēia ka mea i lawe i kāu holoholona a ʻae iā ʻoe e neʻe ikaika.
Ke mālama nei i ka kāne, pono ia e hoʻolako no ka noho ʻana o nā hale ʻelua - ʻoi aku ka makemake o ke kāne a me ka wahine e noho kaʻawale. Pīno loa lākou i ka hoʻokiʻekiʻe a hoʻomaʻemaʻe loa i kā lākou hale. Hāʻawi iā lākou i ka waiwai no kēia haʻawina - nā lau a me ka mauʻu. I ka pio, ʻaʻole hiamoe ka hiamoe i ka hoʻoilo, akā e hoʻēmi paha kā lākou hana.
DEEP DREAM
I ka hopena o ʻAukake - i ka hoʻomaka mua o Kepakemapa, ua hoʻomaka ʻo Sony e hoʻomākaukau no ka hānau ʻana. Piʻi lākou i nā attics a hana paha i nā lua lepo i 1.5 m lōʻihi. Hiki i nā holoholona he ʻumi a i ka hoʻoilo ma kahi hoʻokahi, ʻoi aku ka wahine a i ʻole nā ʻōpio mai ka pipi. I ka wā lulu, momona ke momona a Sonya a mālama i nā mālama no ka hoʻoilo i nā "pantry" kūikawā. ʻAʻohe kuhihewa i ka koho ʻana i kahi "hale hoʻoilo no ka hoʻoilo" hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale i kahi dormouse - ʻaʻole pono kahi wahi hoʻoilo. I ka wā hānau ʻana, ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, a i ka lua o ka hapakolu o ka ʻōpū, ʻaʻole i lauʻa i ka hōʻiliʻili i nā momona momona a koho paha i kahi kahi hewa.
Hōʻalo ka mūmehana o ka holoholona i 2%, hoʻokuʻuʻia ke ʻano kino o ke kino iā 3 ° C. Ua liʻiliʻi loa ka helu o nā pūkaukau naʻau. Hōʻalo nā haʻihaʻi mai ka 25 a 4-5 i hoʻokahi minuke, a ua kū hoʻi i kahi manawa no kekahi manawa. Ma kēia hihia, ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo ka cardiopneumatic gerakan ma muli o kahi ʻokoʻa hōʻemi o ka maʻi maʻi puʻuwai e hāʻawi i ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka lewa i nā ala mokulele. Lawa kēia e faamalie ai i ka hoʻemi ʻana o ka makemake o ka oxygen i ke kino. Hiki i nā hoʻomaha hanu mau ke lōʻihi a hiki i 11 mau minuke.
Ke hoʻomaka ka ea i ka + 6 ° C i ka pūnāwai, e hoʻihoʻi ʻia ke ʻano kino kino i loko o ka dormouse a hoʻomaka ka holoholona e ala aʻe. Eia kekahi, hana ʻo kāna 'adipose kikoʻī "i ka hoʻomehana ʻana" ma muli o nā hana redox e kū nei i loko o kēia manawa o kēia manawa.