He holoholona liʻiliʻi ʻo ka marmot holoholona no ke kauoha o ka rodents. ʻO kēia mau holoholona, ​​he “pili” o nā loina, a ʻoiai ʻaʻole like ia me lākou.

Ma ko mākou honua honua, ua loaʻa i nā kānakaʻepekema nā ʻano 15 o kēia mau holoholona. I hoʻokahi manawa, i ka wā kahiko o ka milo holoholona, ​​hele mai nā marmots mai ʻAmelika i ʻAsia, ʻoiai ʻo nā holoholona ʻē aʻe, ma ke ʻano he, e wikiwiki nei i ke komohana. Nui nā ʻano o kēia mau luna o ka ʻohana squirrel ma ka mokuʻāina Eurasiania.

He aha nā kūʻokoʻa ma waena o nā marmots e noho ana i nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe, a he aha ka mea e hui pū ai iā lākou? ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻoiai ke noho nei ma nā ʻona ʻāina ākea, nā ʻano like ʻole nā ​​marmots a pau. Eia kekahi, hāʻule kēlā me kēia groundhog i ka lā hānau me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā manawa anuanu. ʻO ka mea e hui pū ai i kēia mau holoholona, ​​he mau mea kanu lākou a ʻaʻole i noho kaawale, akā i nā kolone.

He aha nā ʻano marmots i loaʻa i ke ʻano?

Mahele ʻia nā Marmots i ʻelua mau pūʻulu nui: nā papu (baibaks) a me nā mauna, ʻo kēlā me kēia mahele he mau ʻāpana o nā holoholona. Aia i lalo nā ʻano lepo lepo:

• ʻO ka makemaka Himalaya
• Kamchatka marmot
• alpine marmot,
• Menzbir marmot,
• redglu ulaula
• Maikie map
• luna ala ʻaʻalā (baibak),
• hina hina,
• marmot
• lepo
• Kelemania marmot,
• wood-steppe groundhog,
• hina lepo hina
• Makahiki lawakena,
• Kāleka ʻo Vancouver
• Oliona Olimpiada
• groundhog o ka bobak pūʻulu.

He ʻano noho no Marmots

ʻO kēia mau holoholona makemake i ka hapanui o ko lākou ola i kā lākou lua. Ma nā wahi kahi i noho ai ka kolone marmot, he nui nā ʻano o ka punu, he mea nona kēlā me kēia kumu. No ka laʻana, kūkulu lākou i nā ʻuā no ka pale, nā kauwela kauwela (no ka hatching) a me nā pua hoʻoilo (no ka lā hānau).

I ka hopena o ke kauwela a me ka hāʻule mua ʻana, noho nā holoholona i ko lākou hoʻoilo "noho" no ka hānau ʻana. No laila, ʻaʻohe mea hoʻoluhi o ka ʻohana e moe ana i ka lua, ua komo ke komo nā loko o ka marmots i "corks" i hana ʻia i nā pōhaku a me ka honua. I ka wā hiamoe, ʻai kā lākou kino ma muli o ke kolamu o ka momona ma luna o ke kauwela. Aia ma ka hoʻomaka o Malaki, a i kekahi manawa i ka hopena o Pepeluali, ala aʻe nā holoholona a hoʻi hou i ko lākou ola maʻamau.

He aha nā mea marmots e ʻai ai

ʻO ka meaʻai, koho kēia mau holoholona i nā mea ulu palaka e waiwai nui i ka protein, aʻo ka manawa like e ʻai ai lākou i nā ʻano lāʻau like ʻole i nā mahina like ʻole. I ka pūnāwai, ke lawa ʻole ka uhi ʻōmaʻomaʻo, pono nā marmots i ʻōlelo me nā pōpoki a me nā rhizomes. I nā mahina kauwela, ʻo nā "dines" holoholona me nā wana ʻōpala o nā huaʻai, nā pua, nā mea kanu a me nā hua o nā mea kanu. Me ka ʻai o nā mea kanu, komo nō hoʻi nā pepeke i loko o ka ʻōpū. ʻAʻole pono nā ʻāina e inu i ka wai.

Pehea e ʻano ai nā marmots

ʻO kahi mahina ma hope o ka hānau ʻana, ma kahi o ʻApelila - Mei, e hoʻomaka ana ka wā māla ma ka marmots. Hānau ʻia kekahi wahine hānai mai nā keiki a 30 a 35 mau lā, ma hope o ka hānau ʻia ʻo nā marmots liʻiliʻi. Ma ka awelika, ʻo ka mea hoʻokahi e hānau i 4 a 6 pēpē. ʻAʻohe huluhulu ʻē aʻe ma luna o lākou, he ʻokoʻa, ʻaʻole lākou i ʻike i kekahi mea. A ʻaʻole kēia he mea kupanaha, no ka mea, ʻo ka marmot hou i kaupaona ʻaʻole ʻoi aku ma mua o 40 mau grama, a ʻo kona lōʻihi kino ma kahi o 11 kenimika. He ʻuʻuku loa lākou, e like me nā kōlima! Mālama ka makuahine i nā pēpē me ka waiū no 50 mau lā ma hope o ka hānau ʻana. A 40 mau lā ma hope o ka hānau ʻana o nā marmots liʻiliʻi i puka mai mai ka lua a ʻai ʻana i ka mauʻu iā lākou iho.

Nā Pūnaewele Groundhog

ʻO nā holoholona he maluhia ʻo Marmots, makemake lākou e hoʻonohonoho i nā pāʻani ma kahi kokoke i kā lākou minks, ʻoi loa i ka pūnāwai. Akā, i kekahi manawa naʻe hiki iā lākou ke hakakā me kekahi, akā ke luhi loa kēia. ʻO kā lākou "brawl" nānā ʻoluʻolu mai ke alo. ʻOi aku ka ʻike o kēia mau holoholona ma mua o ka lohe, ʻike ka marmot i kahi kanaka ma mua o 400 mika! Inā hopohopo ka holoholona iā ia iho, a laila ma ka holo, me ka neʻe (a kaomi ʻana i kona huelo), e hōʻike aku ana i ka ʻohana holoʻokoʻa ka manawa e hūnā ai i kahi lua.

He pōmaikaʻi ka groundhog i nā kānaka

Ua ʻimi ʻo ke kanaka i kēia holoholona. No ke aha la? ʻO ka momona o ka ʻāina i mālama ʻia ma ke kauwela kahi kumu o ka ʻiʻo, ʻoiai ke ʻoluʻolu o ke kaiāulu. Hoʻohui ʻia, mahalo nui ʻia ka hulu o nā holoholona. ʻAe, ʻo ka loaʻaʻana o ka momona marmot i nā lāʻau lapaʻau a paʻakikī loa ka paʻakikī o ka mea nui loa. Ma muli o kāna mau mahana wela, hiki ke ho'ōla i kekahi o nā maʻi he nui.

Noho kahi o nā marmots

Noho nā Marmots ma nā wahi ākea o nā ʻanuʻu a me nā wahie ala, i nā kuahiwi mauna a i nā ʻāpana alpine. I kekahi mau makahiki i hala aku nei, ua hiki ke loaʻa i nā wahi āpau i nā wahi āpau āpau, akā naʻe kā lākou luku ʻia ʻana e ke kanaka, a me ke kīlei a ke kīlaʻi umauma i manaʻo ʻia ua hoʻemi ʻia ka nohona o nā marmots. Eia kekahi, ʻaʻole i komo kēia mau ʻelima o ka ʻohana squirrel i waena o nā mea kanu a ʻaʻole hiki ke hōʻino i ka berena, e like me nā gophers. E waiho iki lākou i kēia mau wahi.
hoʻi hou i nā waihona ↑

Hōʻike honua

Hoʻonohonoho ʻia ʻo Groundhog e kahi kino paʻa i ke kīwaha, he poʻo nui i loaʻa i ka hapalua o nā pepeiao liʻiliʻi. ʻO nā wāwae o ka groundg i ikaika a pōkole, me nā puʻupuʻu i hoʻomohala maikaʻi. Hiki i nā mea kū hoʻokahi ke kau i ke kaumaha o 7 kilograms, me ke kino lōʻihi a hiki i 60 sentimita.

ʻO ka hulu o ka groundhog he mānoʻomaʻo, māmā a maʻalahi hoʻi, i loko o ka noi nui. Hiki ke kala mai ka melemele keʻokeʻo a me nā kala polū me ka hoʻohui ʻia o nā ʻulaʻula, ʻulaʻula a ʻulaʻula paha.

ʻO nā paila ʻalani maikaʻi loa, nā ʻiʻo momona a me nā mālama nui o ka momona momona, ka mea ʻaʻole wale nō o nā loea loea, akā ʻo nā lāʻau lapaʻau hoʻi, e wehewehe i ka mea kaulana o kēia holoholona hihiu i waena o ka poʻe hahai.
hoʻi hou i nā waihona ↑

Nā ʻano nui honua

I loko o kā mākou mau wahi, hiki i nā ʻano he mau marmots ke noho. ʻO ka mea kaulana loa a kaulana i ka marmot baibak a me kona mau hoahānau pili kokoke - ʻo ka marmot hina, Siberian marmot. Noho lākou i ka papahō palepela a me nā wahi hoʻokipa ulu lāʻau ʻo ka hapa ʻEulopa ... ʻOi aku ka nui o ka makā i nā ʻāpana ʻāʻeleʻele a me nā makemiki liʻiliʻi, Menziber, nā poʻe lōʻihi lōʻihi.
hoʻi hou i nā waihona ↑

Nā hiʻohiʻona o ke ola o nā marmots ma Natura

ʻO Groundhog ma ka puka o ka lua

ʻOiai ka māhele nui o ka hoʻolaha, like ʻehā like nā ʻano like ʻole o nā marmots. Hoʻopili mau ʻia ka ʻūhā i noho ʻia e lākou kāmole. ^ E Ha yM. Ua like ka ʻaoʻao o ka lua o nā puʻu o ka honua, i kiola ʻia e nā hanauna he nui o ka makika i ka wai hohonu mai kahi hohonu o ka lua. Hiki i nā Marmots ke piʻi i kahi kiʻekiʻe a hiki i hoʻokahi mika, a ʻāpana pinepine ʻia kā lākou wahi i nā kekona mau mika. Ma muli o ke kaila o ka lepo a me ka nui o nā koena organik - nā hopena o ka hana koʻikoʻi o nā lāʻau rodents, nā kūlana maikaʻi loa no ka hoʻomohala ʻana i kekahi o nā ʻano mea kanu i kūkulu ʻia ma ka marmot. No laila, e kū'ē ana i ke ʻano o ke ana i ka ʻanuʻu, ʻike nui ʻia lākou e like me nā wahi ʻala. Hiki i ka kiʻekiʻe o nā marmots ka poʻe holoholona i loaʻa i kahi ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka ʻāina.

ʻO nā holoholona nui e noho ana i nā hale kolone a alakaʻi i kahi nohona maʻamau e ʻike ʻia ana mai kahi mamao aku. I ka ʻike ʻana i ka wahine hānai, holo koke lākou i ka wikiwiki e hiki ai i kā lākou marmots a hūnā koke i nā pupu. ʻO nā holoholona o ka mea pōpilikia koke, kū i ka piko o nā marmots, e kū ma nā pou a me ka pīhoihoi weliweli. Hoʻouna ʻia kahi alona mai kahi marmot i kekahi. Ke lohe nei nā Rodents, ke hoʻopuka nei i kā lākou hānai a me ke poʻo i nā mea mālama ola.

ʻO nā koloneo a me nā ʻike ʻike leo ma waena o nā holoholona he mea koʻikoʻi i ka hiʻohiʻona nui a waiho i kahi kikoʻī i nā hiʻohiʻona ʻē aʻe o kā lākou biology. ʻAʻole hiki ke ola hoʻokahi nā Marmots. A ʻoiai me ka lawaiʻa ikaika no lākou, e emi ana kā lākou helu, pono lākou e hōʻuluʻulu i ka hui a hana i nā koloni hou.
hoʻi hou i nā waihona ↑

Nā ʻohana Groundhog

Hiki i kahi ʻohana marmot ke noho i kahi papa o a hiki i hoʻokahi hectare. Hiki i nā ʻāpana pālua 3-4. I kēlā me kēia mau pākahi he mau lua, me ka lōʻihi o 20-30 mau kenimika e alakaʻi hohonu ana i loko o nā lumi moe. ʻO nā ʻuʻuku ʻōiwi he paʻakikī koʻikoʻi nā kumu waiwai i lalo. I nā marmots kahiko, hiki i ka lōʻihi o nā papa ke kiʻi i kahi mau mika mau mika, a he hohonu ka 3-4 mau ka hohonu. Aia nō hoʻi nā keʻena hoʻoilo, nā lumi brood kauwela, aia kahi kokoke i ka puka o waho. I ka hoʻoilo, loaʻa i ka groundhog me ka ʻohana āpau, a hiki i 10 mau holoholona ke loaʻa i hoʻokahi pūnana. No laila, he nui ka nui o nā keʻena nīnū, hiki i ke kanaka pākeke ke komo i loko o lākou.

I loko o ka pūnaewele ʻohana aia nā limu ʻē aʻe e hoʻohana ai nā holoholona i ka manawa mahana. Hoʻopili like ʻo Marshmallows i nā ala hehi, e ʻike ʻia ka wā e hoʻomaka ana ka mauʻu.

Hoʻopili i nā mea aloha, aia mau i nā mau lā palekana 2-3 hoʻokahi o ka pā o ka ʻohana, kahi holoholona e hiki ke hoʻohana i ka hihia pōpilikia.
Ma nā kuahiwi, hiki i nā ʻuʻuku groundgurr pinepine ke loaʻa i waena o nā pōhaku, ma nā crevice, ma lalo o nā aʻa lāʻau. Noho ka holoholona ma luna o lākou ma ke pōhaku e nānā pono ana, me he mea lā e mālama ana i kā lākou pūnaewele.

ʻO ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o nā marmots i loko o ka wahi kupaianaha he ʻokoʻa. Me kahi hoʻomaha ākea, hikiʻole iā lākou ke noho iki, a ʻo ko lākou wahi noho i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma luna o kahi ākea. Ua kapa aku nā poʻe loea i kēia ʻano noho i kahi pae ʻauʻau. Kuhi ʻia ia e ka helu kiʻekiʻe o nā holoholona, ​​e piʻi ana i 200 kanaka no kēlā me kēia kilomita kilomita ma kahi o ka pae.

I ke kuahiwi, elongated nā wahi i noho ʻia i kahi kaula kuʻikuʻu ma o nā ʻaukā. ʻO nā wahi noho noho ʻana he wahi noho i nā wahi i noho ʻole ʻia. Aia pū kekahi ʻano kuhi hewa, i nā kolone i makemake ʻole ʻia no ke ola o kēia mau holoholona hiki ke hālāwai ʻoe i nā kolone ʻē aʻe i mamao ʻē aʻe i kekahi. Eia, nā liʻiliʻi o nā lāʻau marmots, a ma kēlā me kēia 1 mau kilomika kahiki, ʻaʻole iʻoi aku ma mua o nā holoholona he 30-40.
hoʻi hou i nā waihona ↑

Hoʻomaka groundhog

Loaʻa ka hana pae kekelē makahiki iā ia he manawa o ka nohona terrestrial ola - kū i ka 4-5 mau mahina, a me ka hibernation - ʻo ia ka lōʻihi o ke koena o ka makahiki. I ka nui o nā wahi, e ala wale nā ​​marmots i ka waena waena o ka pūnāwai a hiamoe moe me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka ngahā.

I ka pūnāwai, ala ʻo groundhog i ka wā i ʻike ʻia ai nā pōkā mua o ka ʻala i nā ʻaoʻao hema. I ka wā hānau ʻana, ʻoki wale nō lākou i ko lākou momona i hōʻuluʻulu mai i ka ngahā. Akā ʻo ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hōʻemi ʻana o nā mālama momona hou i hui pū me ka nui o nā huahana ʻōpiopio. Hoʻopili ke momona ma luna o 3-4 mau mahina. Ma ka manawa e hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia nā groundhog e hōʻiliʻili a hiki i 2 kilograma o ka momona.
hoʻi hou i nā waihona ↑

Ka Hōʻailona

ʻO ka wahine groundhog me ka cub

Hoʻomaka ka Marmots i kahi pōkā i nā lua, ma mua o kahi puka i puka i ka honua ma hope o ka hānau ʻana. Hiki i ka wahine ke lawe i 4-5 mau cubs, a ma hope o 3 mau hebedoma e hānai ai me ka waiū e hoʻomaka i ka wai i luna. I kēia manawa, ʻike ʻia ke kaohi o nā ʻohana hoʻoilo, a noho nui nā holoholona i ke kuahiwi o ke kauwela, me ka ʻole o ka waiho ʻana o nā palena o ka papa ʻohana. Hiki i ka noho ʻana i nā marmots ke noho manawa ʻole i ka pō i loko o nā pōneki ʻole noho kanaka, hoʻomaʻemaʻe iā lākou a me ka nalo ʻana me ka nalowale i ka pilina me nā pua hoʻoilo maʻamau.

Ma ke kānāwai, i nā malama mua o ke ola, ʻoi aku ma mua o ka hapalua o nā makika wahine a pau i lawe ʻia e ka wahine make. ʻO ka ulu ʻōpiopio ka mea maʻalahi ma ka alopeke, corsacs, ferrets a me ka eagles.

ʻO ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka wā e ulu ai, ka pā kiʻekiʻe o nā wahine, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hapalua o ka huina a me ka haʻalele nui o nā holoholona ʻōpiopio, e wehewehe i ka mea haʻahaʻa loa o nā rodents e hoʻihoʻi hou i kā lākou helu i ka wā lawaiʻa nui.

Ka ʻokoʻa like ka hana a me ka pahū o nā marmots i nā mahina ʻokoʻa. ʻO Marmots ka hana ikaika ma hope o ka hānau ʻana a ma mua o ka ʻōpio. A laila e emi ka hana o nā holoholona makua, a ma o ka manawa o ka hānau ʻana, ua hōʻemi ia i nā manawa he nui no ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka momona. ʻO ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa a me ka uluʻana o nā holoholona i kā lākou puʻu e paʻakikī ai i ka iʻa no lākou i kēia manawa. Akā i ka wā o nā hana ikaika, neʻe nui nā marmots i kahi o 4 mau hola i ka lā ma waho o ke kuʻu.

Hōʻike nā hōʻike i hoʻokahi hebedoma ma mua o ka hibernation groundhog clog i loko o ka lua i loko o ka lua, a waiho wale nō hoʻokahi. No ka hana ʻana i kēia, ke uʻi lākou i nā pōhaku nui i loko o ka lua i ka lua me nā maka, e uhi iā lākou me ka lepo a me ka lepo, a laila hoʻopaʻa paʻa ʻana i nā mea āpau. Hiki i kēlā mau plug ke loa a me ka mānoanoa a hiki i 1.5-2 mau mika.
hoʻi hou i nā waihona ↑

ʻO ka waiwai Marmot

Hoʻopiha piha ke aniani marmot i 1-1.5 mau mahina ma hope o ke ala ʻana mai ka ʻūhā ʻana a no ka mahina hope aʻe ma mua o ka moe no ka hoʻoilo. No ke koena o ka mīkini ikaika o ka holoholona, ​​ʻaʻohe ona mea ʻili. Ka ʻokoʻa a ka hoʻomaka a me ka lōʻihi o ka molting. Hana ʻo Shedding i kahi hana ikaika loa a i loko o ka manawa pōkole.

ʻO ka hiki ke hoʻohana ʻana i ka ʻili, ka momona a me ka ʻai i ka waiwai nui o ka hoʻokele waiwai o ka groundhog.

Nā kaʻina hana ma ke kula

Pehea e hoʻopaʻa ai i kaʻu mauʻu

ʻO nā ala no ke kūkulu ʻana i nā groundhog a ʻokoʻa loa. Loaʻa kēlā me kēia wahi i kāna mau wili punahele punahele, i kekahi manawa liʻiliʻi i hoʻohana ʻia ma nā wahi ʻē aʻe.

Ke kaulana loa ka pana ʻana mai kahi pua a mea liʻiliʻi paha i loaʻa i ka pū. Ke lawe ʻia nei ka huki ʻana ma ka hūnā. Loaʻa ʻole kahi mālama pono ʻana i nā holoholona ma ka lua. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi ke pana i nā holoholona mai nā mea liʻiliʻi a kaliber, kahi kūi loa ʻia nā mea nānā e ka lele ʻana i nā iwi, kahi hoʻohālikelike ʻia i kahi ākea a me ka pāpaku o ka ʻike. Hōʻike ʻia ka pale ʻike i nā ʻenehana metala kūikawā a i hōʻulu ʻia e ka uahi ʻokē birch. Hoʻopili kēia i ka pihi o ke kala, hiki ke hoʻopili i ka pahuhopu pololei. Hoʻokomo ʻia nā bipods kūikawā i ka forearm o ka mana o ka pū ahi no ka hana kīnā. Hāʻawi kēia mau mea hana i ka pana ʻana i nā pōlapa ākea ma ke poʻo i ka lōʻihi a hiki i 50 mika.
hoʻi hou i nā waihona ↑

Hōʻalo ʻoiai e hū ana i ka groundhog

Hoʻopau nā mea heʻe he nui i ʻaʻahu i ke keʻokeʻo, nā kuli ʻuli a me nā ʻāpana ʻāʻī e maʻalahi i ka holo ʻana i ka holoholona. Mālama i ka lima o ka lawaiʻa ʻana i kahi lika lōʻihi o ka lauoho pony pony keʻokeʻo. Hoʻopau i kahi pala, makemake lākou i nā holoholona pīhoihoi.

Ma kahi o nā mea i koho pono ʻia, lawe pū ka mea hopu iā ia i kahi kaula kaula lōʻihi - dygen. Me kāna kōkua, hiki iā ia ke huki i nā makemū make, ke hāʻule nei kekahi manawa i loko o ka lua o ka lua. Hiki i kahi mea pana maikaʻi ke piʻi i ka 20 mau kahua lepo mai ka rifle i kēlā me kēia lā o ka hopu.
hoʻi hou i nā waihona ↑

Mahele Kaona Honu

ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke ala maikaʻi loa no ka lawaiʻa ʻana. No ka lawaiʻa ʻana i nā ʻapo hopu arc No. 3. I ka wā hoʻoilo o ka hoʻoilo, ʻoi aku ka ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka waiho ʻana iā lākou ma ka puka o ka lua, no ka mea ʻoi ke ʻano o ka holoholona ma mua o ka mākaʻi. ʻO kahi huna maikaʻi maikaʻi ka hōʻoiaʻiʻo e ʻaʻole e haʻalele ka mahele.

Pono ke kuʻi e hoʻoikaika i ka pahele i ka ʻāina a ka loea i hoʻokomo i ka pahele, e huki ana i ke kaulahao, e hiki ai i ka lua a piʻi i loko. Maanei e hana mālie ʻo ia me ka ʻoluʻolu i loko o ka mahele a hiki ʻole ke uha ʻole a ʻoki i ke kaulahao.

Ma kēlā me kēia marmot noho noho, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻonohonoho i nā 1 pahele. ʻO ka nānā iā lākou i kēlā me kēia lā ma 9-10 a.m. Ma hope o ka hopu ʻana i ka marmots 1-2 mai marmot, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hou ʻana o nā mauhelehele a ʻaʻole hoʻi e mālama iā lākou i kahi wahi no ka lā he 3-4. Ke hoʻohana nei a hiki i 3 mau haneli he nui, hiki i ka mea holoʻike ʻike ke piʻi i 15-20 marmots i kēlā me kēia lā.
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ʻO nā ala ʻē aʻe o ka loiloi groundg

Eia kekahi, hoʻohana pinepine ʻia nā ʻīlio i hopu i nā marmots e hoʻi ana i kahi mamao loa;

ʻO ka lawaiʻa a Marmot, e kīkī ana iā lākou i loko o nā lua a me nā ʻuʻea o kēia hope. Eia kekahi, e like me kahi ʻano o ka hopu - he pono ʻole lākou.

I kēia lā ua kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i nā ʻano o nā groundhog, pehea ke ʻano o kēia mau holoholona, ​​nā mea a lākou e ʻai ai, pehea lākou ʻano ai a me nā ala o ko lākou hopu ʻana i manaʻo ʻia he mea ʻoi loa. Ua ʻimi anei ʻoe i kahi groundg? A he mea hoihoi loa ia iā mākou e lohe i kāu ʻike i ka nānā ʻana i kēia holoholona. Kaʻana like i kāu moʻolelo.

Ke kali nei mākou i kāu pane a me kāu mau ʻōlelo, e hui pū me kā mākou hui VKontakte!