Ma waena o nā ʻelele he nui o ka ʻohana cat lynx, kū ʻo ia ʻaʻole wale nō no kona helehelena mua wale nō, akā, no kona ʻano. Eia kekahi mau ʻike maikaʻi e pili ana i ka lynx.

1. Ua hoʻowahāwahā ʻia ʻo Lynx no nā ʻalopeke a, i ka wā e hiki ai, e hoʻāʻo iā lākou e luku. Hōʻike ʻia kēia ma ka makemake o nā ʻalopona e leʻaleʻa i ka waiwai pio, no laila inā ʻike kahi lynx i kahi pōkoke ma kahi kokoke loa, a laila hiki ke kokoke kokoke iā ia. A laila, hopu hopu i kēia manawa, lele ʻo ia i ka ʻaihue. ʻO ka mahalo, ʻaʻole ka lynx i ʻai i ka ʻalope make, akā waiho wale ia ma kahi e.

2. Loaʻa ke kiʻi o kahi lynx i loko o ka heraldry, e hōʻike ana i ke ʻano ʻike. Ua hoʻihoʻi nā poʻe loea i kahi hypothesis - ma ka lole o nā lima o Finlandia kahi kiʻi o kahi lynx, ʻaʻole he liona.

3. ʻO ka lohe ʻana o ka lynx he mea maikaʻi loa ia, no laila hiki iā ia ke hoʻolohe i nā wāwae kanaka i kahi mamao o nā mile. Ke kiʻi nei i kahi lynx, pono ʻoe e hōʻike i ke ʻano maoli.

4. Ke haʻi nei i nā ʻike e pili ana i ka lynx, pono e ʻike ʻia ka pilina ma waena o kēia holoholona a me ke kāne. Hiki iā Lynx ke haki mua i ka ʻāʻī o ke kāne, akā naʻa pinepine ʻia kēlā mau hōʻemi - e nānā iki i nā kānaka. Aia ke manaʻoʻiʻo he ʻike nui ka lynx i kahi pōmaikaʻi nui no kahi kanaka.

5. Manaʻo nā Helene kahiko i ka hiki i ka lynx ke ʻike i nā mea ma loko. No laila, loaʻa i kēia holoholona i kona inoa i ka hoʻohanohano o ka moʻo moʻolelo Lucio, nona ia mau mana. Ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo Amber e Keli e like me ka urine petrified o kahi lynx.

6. ʻO ke kaiāulu o nā mea ʻepekema Italia i 1603 hoʻokumu i ka Academy of Lynxes, nona kahi Galilae he lālā. ʻO ka pahuhopu nui o ka ʻoihana kula ʻo ia ka hakakā me ka hewaʻole a me ka ʻimi ʻo ka ʻoiaʻiʻo. ʻO ka lynx, hoʻoheheʻe i nā ʻōpū o Cerberus, hōʻailona i ka hoʻopakele i ka poʻe mai ka pouli o ka naʻaupō ma ka ʻike naʻauao.

7. ʻO nā manamana ma nā pepeiao e hāʻawi i kahi lynx kūʻokoʻa. Kuhi ʻia ʻole me ka hāʻule ʻole o kēia mau pepeiao i ka lohe i ka holoholona.

8. ʻO Lynxes, ka mea nāna i hoʻokumu i ka pālua, e mālama i kahi hālāwai e like me kahi hana kūikawā. ʻO nā ʻōiwi e kū kūleʻa ana i kekahi i kekahi e hoʻomaka i kahi kukui akā me ka lae.

9. No ka mea maikaʻi loa a me ka hulu meli o nā lynxes, ua hoʻopau hou ʻia lākou i kahi lōʻihi no ka manawa lōʻihi. Ua kākau inoa ʻia kēia holoholona ma ka Red Red Book a pale.

10. Ke neʻe mālie nei, e kau ka lynx i kona wāwae hind i ka wāwae o kona alo. Ke neʻe nei kekahi mau poʻe, aia ka hope o nā bobcats i hope i ke alo. Loaʻa hoʻi ka ʻōhumu o nā leka a me nā ʻīlio hihiu.

Ua hōʻike ʻo Mr. Cat: wehewehe, ʻano, wahi

ʻO Iberian, Sepania a Pyrenean Lynxes (Lynx pardinus) nā ʻiʻo hihiu o ka genus Lynx e noho ana ma ka Iberian Peninsula ma ke komohana hema o ʻEulopa (hema ʻo Spain kokoke i ka palena me Portugal), nona nā IUCN Red List i hooweliweli.

I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā kenekulia 21, ua piha ʻo Iberian Lynx ma kahi o ka piha ʻana, no ka mea, aia wale nō ma kahi o 100 mau kanaka i pakele ma ʻelua mau wahi noho kaawale ma Andalusia. ʻO nā hana e mālama ai i nā holoholona i koe, i hoʻokō ʻia mai ka makahiki 2002, i komo i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka noho ʻana, hoʻopiha hou i nā kaola o nā pono meaʻai, ka neʻe ʻana a noho i ka hana Iberian Lynxes ma kēia ʻāina, no ka 2012 ua hoʻonui ʻia ka nui o 326 mau kānaka. Ke hoʻāʻo nei e mālama i kēia ʻano ʻano mai ka hoʻopau ʻana, ua kūkulu ʻia nā hana a hana i ʻāpana o kahi papahana kūikawā.

Ua manaʻo kahiko ʻo ia kahi subspecies o Eurasian Lynx (Lynx lynx), ua kohoʻia ka Sepania i nā ʻano heʻokoʻa. Ua hui pū nā ʻelua ʻelua ma ʻEulopa ʻEulopa i Pleistocene a hoʻomohala ʻia ma ke ʻano he ʻokoʻa i ka Late Pleistocene. Ke manaʻoʻiʻo ʻia nei ka mea nāna e kaʻo i kēia mai nā kūpuna kahiko ʻo Lynx issiodorensis.

ʻO ka Iberian Lynx i huluhulu a me nā hulu wīwī mai ke aniani a hiki i ka tan, ke kino paʻa, nā wāwae lōʻihi, ke kaikuʻu pōkole, kahi poʻo liʻiliʻi me nā pepeiao puheʻe, a me ka puʻu ʻōiwi manu, a me ka huki manu lōʻihi ma ka maka.

ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke poʻo a me ke kino o nā kāne mai 74.7 a i 82 cm, me kahi huelo mai ka 12.5 a 16 cm a me ka paona o 7 a 15.9 kg. ʻOi aku ka nui o nā kāne ma mua o nā wahine; ma hope loa, ʻo ka lōʻihi mai ke poʻo a i ke kino, mai ka 68.2 a 77.5 cm, a ʻo ke paona he 10 kg.

Hoʻololi ʻia ka huluhulu huluhulu mai nā lole liʻiliʻi a pālahalaha i nā wahi liʻiliʻi a i nā hōʻailona elongated e noho ana ma nā laina o ke kua i ka nui o ke kua i nā ʻaoʻao.

ʻO ka Lynx Sepania i noho mua ma ka Iberian Peninsula a ma ke kūkulu hema o Palani. I nā makahiki 1950, hoʻolaha nā kānaka ʻākau mai ke Kaiʻula a hiki i Galicia a me nā ʻāpana o ke kūkulu ʻākau o Portugal, a me nā ʻaoʻao hema mai ke kikowaena a i hope o Sepania.

Ua emi iki ka nui o ka heluna kanaka mai ka makahiki 1940 a ʻelua wale nō ma ka makahiki 1990, ʻo ka mea nui loa ma Montes de Toledo a me Sierra Morena.

Aia a hiki i ka makahiki 1973, aia nō kēlā me kēia lā ma nā pāpū kahakai o ka Sierra de Gata, Montes de Toledo, ma ka hikina Sierra Morena, Sierra de Relumbrar a me Doñana. Mai nā makahiki 1960 a hiki i ka 2000, ua nalowale ka Pyrenees Lynx ma kahi o 80% o kona ākea mua a me kona wahi noho i kēia manawa no nā wahi liʻiliʻi ma ke kūkulu hema o Spain me kahi kaila ʻokoʻa loa i nā awāwa o ka ʻāina ʻo Mor Morena a me Doñana.

Ke hōʻike nei i ka DNA mitochondrial mai nā koena fossil, i paʻi ʻia ma Malaki 2015, e hōʻike ana i ka Iberian Lynx i kahi ākea ʻē aʻe i ka Late Pleistocene a me Holocene, e pili ana i ke kūloko o Italia a me ka hema o Farani.

Makemake ʻo Pyrenees Lynx i kahi ʻano kai like ʻole o ka wahi i hānai ʻia me nā pupuʻu a maikaʻi ʻole e like me nā strawberry, mastic, juniper, a me nā kumulāʻau, nā mea kūikawā a me nā ʻoka pipi. I kēia manawa, palena iki ka nui o ka māhele i nā wahi mauna.

E hoʻolohe i ka leo o Pyrenees Lynx

E like me ka maʻamau, no nā lynx a he mau wāwae lōʻihi ia, ma ka pepeiao ke loaʻa nā pupu ʻeleʻele, a ʻo kekahi puʻupuʻu pōkole kekahi, ʻo ka maka o ka paʻi ʻia ma ka ʻeleʻele. I ka muzzle ma nā ʻaoʻao he kāʻei lōʻihi, ma ke ʻano o nā mea kīʻaha. Ua ola ʻo ia i ka nahele ma kahi o ke kanakolu makahiki.

E huki nui ana ia ma nā pāʻani liʻiliʻi - hares a me nā poli, hoʻopiʻi wale ʻia ʻoe i nā pahu o ka deer.

ʻO ka ola ʻO Pyrenees lynx, e like me kona mau hoahānau, ke waiho wale nei ia. E kiaʻi pono nā Males i kā lākou mau holoholona lūlū, kahi mea e piʻi pinepine ai i nā ʻumikūmālima ʻumikūmālima. mau mile. ʻO nā wahine wahine wale nō ke komo i ko lākou ʻāina. ʻO ka male wale o ka lynx e pau wale i ka wā hānai, e kū ana mai Ianuali a Iulai. ʻO nā kuleana e hoʻokuʻi keiki e hāʻawi wale ʻia i ka wahine; ʻaʻole lawe ka makua iā lākou.

I ka hoʻoilo, ua hōloi ka hulu ma ka Pyrenees lynx a lilo i keʻokeʻo.

No ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana no ka hānau ʻana o nā pēpē, ʻike ka makuahine i kahi wahi hūnā ma ke ʻano o ka lua i loko o ka ʻoka o cork oak a i ʻole nā ​​ʻuala kūpono. He kanahiku nā lā ma hope o ka moena ʻana, hoʻokahi hānau ʻia i hoʻokahi a ʻehā mau lālani, ʻoi ʻia he ʻelua haneri kaila. I nā mahina ʻelima, hānai lākou i ka waiū o ka makuahine, ʻoiai hiki iā lākou ke ʻai i ka meaʻai maʻamau no lākou i hoʻokahi mahina. Holo wale lākou i ka puka ʻana ma hope o ʻehiku mau mahina. A eia nō naʻe, noho mau nā pahu i ko lākou makuahine a hiki i ka loaʻa ʻana o ko lākou wahi hopu. He pinepine ia e hala i ʻelua makahiki.

ʻO ka hihia mua o ka lawe pio ʻana i ka lynx Pyrenean i kū mai i ka lā Malaki 29, 2005.

Hoʻokomo ka hana Lynx i ka manawa o ka makahiki. I ka hoʻoilo, ʻimi ʻo ia i ke ao, a i ke kauwela, holo i ka wela, nui loa i ka pō. ʻO Iberian lynx kahi mea wikiwiki wikiwiki loa i ka meaʻai. ʻOiai ka mea hiki ke hānai i nā rodents a me nā ʻōpio ʻōpiopio, ʻo ka meaʻai nui ka hares a me nā pīpī. I ka wā ma mua, ua nui nā mea pīpī ma kēia mau wahi, akā i kēia manawa ua ʻokoʻa nā mea āpau. I ke waena o waena o nā kenekulia 20, ua hōʻemi ko ka ʻaoʻaoʻAmelika Hema i kā lākou helu. Ka mea, ma muli o kēia, ua emi nui ka nui o ka lynx Spanish.

Wahi a nā manaʻo no ka 2005, ʻo ka heluna o ka Iberian lynx he 100 wale nō kanaka.

E hānai i kahi liʻiliʻi o ka lehulehu o Iberian lynxes, pono ʻoe i ka nui o nā kelani alpine. I ka makahiki 2005, ua hōʻea i ka helu he wahi koʻikoʻi, ʻaʻole iʻoi aku ma mua o hoʻokahi haneli o nā kānaka. Ma muli o ka hoʻoweliweli e hoʻopau ʻia ai kēia ʻano, ua kākau ʻia kēia ʻano ma ka Red Book, Appendix I CITES, a me nā papa inoa o ka World Conservation Union.

Inā loaʻa ʻoe i kahi hala, e koho i kahi ʻāpana a me ka paʻi Ctrl + Kākau.

Nā hiʻohiʻona

Kūlana ʻo Iberian Lynx i kahi nohona kūʻokoʻa. Makemake ʻo ia e ʻimi iā ia iho, hiki iā ia ke alualu i kāna mea pepehi a kali i nā hola ma hope o ka lāʻau a i ʻole ka mea i hiki i ka mea make ke kokoke pono e kīloi iā ia i loko o nā hala.

Loaʻa i nā poʻe'ōpio ke lākou i ko lākou wahi āpau me nā palena he ʻoi aku ma mua o 100 mika square. km ʻO ka nui o ke aniani i hilinaʻi wale aku i ke ʻano kino o ke holoholona, ​​akā e pili ana i ka loaʻa o nā lako meaʻai.

ʻBerlelo ʻo Iberian Lynxes, ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, he palena haahaa o 5 a 20 mau mita square. km, a no ka lehulehu o ka wahine he 50, e ʻona ana i kahi lua a mea hānai ʻai i nā hua, e ana paha ma kahi o 500 mika square. km

ʻO ka mea mahalo, ma hope o ke hoʻokumu ʻana i ka ʻāina hopu o kahi kanaka hoʻokahi, e kūpaʻa mau kēia mau ʻāpana i ka nui no nā makahiki he nui, a hele pinepine ko lākou mau palena ma nā ala a me nā ala.

Hoʻomaopopo ʻo Iberian Lynx i kona wahi me ka urine a me nā feces i waiho ʻia ma nā alahele a i ʻole nā ​​mea kanu, a me nā mea palu ma ka ʻili o nā kumu lāʻau.

Mālama

Aia kekahi o Pyrenean lynx ma ka hema-komohana o Sepania (ʻo ka hapa nui loa ma Coto Doñana National Park), ʻoiai ua ulu pālahalaha loa ʻia ma Sepania a me Pokukala. Ano, ua kaupalena kona ano ma ka mauna mauna.

ʻOi loa ka Iberian lynx i ka heterogeneous o ka wahi e huki ana i ka launa i hui ʻia me nā pulu laupaʻa e like me nā strawberry, mastic a me nā juniper, me nā kumulāʻau e like me ka pōhaku a me ka caks oaks.

Ma mua, ʻo ka Iberian lynx i noho ma ka Iberian Peninsula a ma ke kūkulu hema o Farani. I nā makahiki 1950, kona neʻe ʻana i kona kūkulu ʻākau mai ke Kaiakai a hiki i Galikia a me nā ʻāpana o ke kūkulu ʻākau o Portugal, a ʻo ke kūkulu hema mai ke kikowaena a i hope o Sepania. Ua emi ka nui o ka heluna mai 15 subpopulopa i ka 1940 a hiki i nā subpopulation wale nō i ka makahiki 1990.

Aia a hiki i ka makahiki 1973, noho nō hoʻi ka Iberian lynx i nā wahi mākaʻikaʻi o ke kapakai o Sierra de Gata, Montes de Toledo, ke kahiki ʻo Sierra Morena, Sierra de Relumbrar a me Doñana. I nā makahiki 1960 a me 2000, ua nalowale paha ma kahi o 80% o kona mau wahi. I kēia manawa, hiki ke loaʻa iā Iberian lynx i nā wahi liʻiliʻi loa i ka ʻaoʻao hema o Sepania, ma nā wahi kahakai o ka ʻĀpana ʻo Morena a me Doñana.

Ke ʻano kai

He ʻoi aku ka Iberian Lynx ma mua o nā hoahānau pili ʻākau nona a maʻa mau i nā holoholona liʻiliʻi, ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o nā hares. No laila ua hoʻokaʻawale ke koho i kona wahi noho, ʻo ia hoʻi nā wahi ākea ma mua o nā kau mua o ka noho ʻana i nā ʻano Eurasian e noho ana i nā wao.

Ke kālele nui nei ka Iberian lynx i ka 'āiwi' Amelika (Oryctolagus cuniculus), e hana ana i ka hapa nui o nā papa ʻai kai.

E hoʻohui paha ka papa inoa o nā mea i nā pōpoki i kahi alaula ʻulaʻula, me nā rodents a me nā wahi ʻē aʻe. I kekahi manawa aia ka holoholona hihiu ma nā ʻōpio fallow, roe deer, mouflon a me nā pika.

Pono ke kāne i ka pīpī i kēlā lā i kēia lā, ʻo ka wahine hānai i nā ʻōpio e ʻai a ʻekolu a hiki i ka manawa like.

He haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o Pyrenees Lynx, ka mea e hilinaʻi nui ʻia ana i ka lehulehu o nā pīpī, e hana ana i ka 75% o kāna papaʻai i kēlā me kēia lā, ʻoiai ke hōʻole o ka helu o ka mea i hiki mai ma muli o nā maʻi ʻelua i hōʻaha i waena o ka meaʻai meaʻai - myxomatosis, ka mea i pālahalaha ma luna o Iberia ma hope o ko Paul-Felix Armand-Delisle i hoʻopuka aku i nā ʻōlani i Farani i 1952, me ka pigit hemorrhagic maʻi, e hoʻomaka ana i ka makahiki 1988.

I ka makahiki 2011 a me ka 2012, ʻelua mau hanana nui o nā maʻi. ʻIke ʻia ka hoʻolaʻa hou ʻana ma kekahi mau wahi - i ka makahiki 2013, ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka overits over rabbits ma ke kūkulu hema o Cordoba, a he hopena hoʻi ka hoʻopiʻi ʻana i nā halihali halihali a me nā mahiʻai.

Eia naʻe, ma Dekemaba 2013, ua hōʻike ʻia e pili ana nā luna o nā holoholona pili i ka hoʻopuʻi ʻana o kahi māka hou o ka maʻi hemorrhagic e pili nui ana i nā ʻōpiopio ʻōpio. ʻO ka nui o nā mea i hoʻopilikia ʻia, ʻo ka puna kai ʻo Lynx ma Sierra Moren, kahi i hāʻule i ka awelika mai ʻekolu ʻeka he ʻekahi ma lalo o ka hapa, aia ma lalo o ka palena haʻahaʻa o 1.5-2 i hoʻokahi hectare.

Paʻi ʻia i ka hele huakaʻi i kahi lōʻihi no ka meaʻai, ua lilo ʻo Iberian Lynx i maʻalahi i ka make i nā mea ʻino.

Ua hoʻokūkū ka poʻe Lynx Spanish no kahi mea me ka ʻula ʻulaʻula (Vulpes vulpes), he mōʻio noʻAigupita (Herpestes ichneumon), kahi puaʻa ʻEulopa (Felis silvestris silvestris) a me ke ʻano he genet (Genetta genetta).

ʻO ka Lynx Spanish kahi mea ʻimi maikaʻi loa me ka ʻike kupaianaha kūlohelohe, lohe maikaʻi loa a me ke ʻano o ka ʻono. Hiki iā lākou ke ʻimi me nā lua o nā kumu o nā kumu lāʻau, e lele koke ana ma luna o kahi mea i kū ʻia ma ke ala, a ke kali nei no ka waiwai i kahi hoʻohālua ma waena o nā pali.

E makemake nui ana ka holoholona e lawe i ke kupapaʻu mai kahi kahi o ka lawaiʻa a ʻai malū i kahi ma kahi huna. Inā nui ka ʻiʻo, e hana ka Lynx i kahi cache, na mea e hiki mai ana i ka lā aʻe.

Puberty a me ka hoʻohuli

I ka wā moe, ua haʻalele ka wahine i kona ʻāina i ka ʻimi ʻana i ke kāne. Hoʻokomo ʻia kahi hoʻohālua ma kahi o ʻelua mau mahina, ua hānau ʻia nā keiki hānau mai Malaki a Kepakemapa, a hānau ʻia nā hānau hānau ma ka lā Malaki a me ʻApelila. Litter i ʻelua o ʻekolu a ʻehā paha (ʻaʻole hoʻokahi, ʻehā a ʻelima paha paha) i kaupaona ʻia mai ka 200 a 250 gram.

Ke kūleʻa o nā ʻōpiopio ma waena o 7 a me 10 mau mahina, akā e noho pū me ko lākou makuahine no hoʻokahi makahiki a 8 mau mahina. ʻO ke ola ʻana o ke ʻōpio ua hilinaʻi nui ʻia i ka loaʻa ʻana o ka mea i loaʻa. Ma ka ulu lāʻau, ʻike ai nā kāne a me nā wahine i ka wā akilele i ka makahiki hoʻokahi, ʻoiai ma ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa hoʻomaʻamaʻa pinepine lākou a ʻike wale ʻia nā wahi holoholona manuahi.

No nā makahiki he nui, ua nānā nā loea i nā wahine i hānau ʻole ʻole no nā makahiki ʻelima a hiki i ka make ʻana o kona makuahine. ʻO ka lōʻihi loa e kali ana i ke ola ma ka ihu he 13 mau makahiki.

E lilo nā kaikuaʻana a me nā kaikuahine ma waena o 30 a 60 mau lā, i hōʻea ʻia i 45 mau lā. Make pinepine kahi kime i kāna hoa kaua i ka hoʻokūkū ikaika. ʻAʻole maopopo ʻia ke kumu o kēia mau hōʻā mai o ka hoʻouka ʻana, ʻoiai he nui nā mea ʻepekema e manaʻo nei ma muli o ke hoʻololi ʻana i nā pae o ka hormonal i ka hoʻololi ʻana o ke pēpē mai ka waiū o kona makuahine i ka ʻiʻo. ʻOi kekahi poʻe e maopopo kēia ma muli o ka hierarchy i loko o ka heluna kanaka a me ke koho kūlohelohe inā ola ka fittest.

ʻO ka pilikia nui i ka huli ʻana i nā hoa pili no ka hakakā ʻana ma waena o ka poʻe Kelemania Lynx i alakaʻi ʻia i nā helu he nui loa o ka ʻaihue, ka mea i hōʻemi ai ka nui o ka hānau ʻana a me nā helu he nui o ka make ʻana o nā holoholona ʻōpiopio.

ʻO kēia ke kumu o ka inbrebre alakaʻi i ka hōʻemi o ka sperm kalidad a me ka hoʻonui i ka infertility i nā kāne, a, ʻo ia hoʻi, e pale aku i ka hoʻokumu ʻana o nā ʻano maikaʻi o nā keiki i hōʻoia i ka hiki ʻana o nā ʻano ʻano.

Mahalo i ka hana hou ʻana a me nā ʻano hana ʻē aʻe, ua neʻe ka Iberian Lynx i kēia mau lā mai ke ʻano o nā mea i hoʻokauʻalā ʻole ʻia ka hopena.

Hāpai ka poʻe liʻiliʻi o kēia puaʻa hihiu i ka hoʻohemo ʻana mai nā hanana maoli e like me ka pōʻino maoli a i ʻole ka maʻi.

Hoʻokomo ʻia nā hana mālama i ka mālama ʻana i ka nohona kūlohelohe, mālama ʻana i ka nui o nā kaio puaʻa, ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā kumu maoli ʻole o ka make, a me ka hoʻouka ʻana iā Spanish Lynx ma ka noho pio ʻana no ke hoʻokuʻu ʻana i loko o ka kūlohelohe kūlohelohe.

Ua kākoʻo ʻo ka National National Council for Nature Conservation i kahi papahana e mālama i ka Iberian Lynx i vivo, a ke kōkua nei nō hoʻi i ka hana ʻana i nā iwi hou e kaʻawale pū ʻia ma nā papahana reintroduction.

Ma mua o ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i nā pōpoki polū i hoʻohālikelike ʻia, hiki i nā hiʻohiʻona maoli ke hoʻomākaukau iā lākou i ke ola ma ka nahele.

Hoʻohana ka noiʻi i kahi ʻōnaehana hoʻonaninani unobtrusive, kahi me nā kāmela e nānā i ka demograpics o nā lynxes a me nā kelepona e noho nei i ka Sierra Moren.

Mālama piha ka Iberian Lynx, ʻaʻole i ʻae ʻia ʻoi no ka holoholona no nā holoholona.

Hoʻomaka ka hoʻoweliweli i ka mea nāna i hana ʻia ma muli o ka nalowale o ka noho ʻana ma muli o ka hele ʻana ma lalo o nā kaʻa, ka ʻalo ʻana, ka make mai nā ʻīlio hihiu, hoʻomālamalama a me nā hōʻeha kūʻē o ka maʻi leukemia.

Hoʻokipa pinepine ʻia nā holoholona i ke kolohe i ka pio i loko o ka noho ʻole ʻana o ka maʻi hoka, a ʻoiai hoʻi ke pale i ka wikiwiki o ka heluna o kēia mau pōpoki.

ʻO ka nalowale o ka nohona maʻamau ma muli o ka pono o ka hoʻolālā ʻana, ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā kūlanakauhale a me nā ala hoʻokele, a me ka monoculture o nā kumulāʻau, e wāwahi i ka hoʻoili ʻana o Lynx.

Ma 2013, hōʻike ʻia ka Pyrenees Lynx ka mea lawe i ka hoʻowalewili o ka huehue a ka maʻi anti-antibiotic, hiki iā ia ke alakaʻi hou aku i ka hopohopo a me ka paʻakikī o ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi a me ka hoʻokaumaha i ke kūlana o ka lehulehu.

Ua hōʻike ʻia nā haʻawina i loko o ka makahiki hoʻokahi e hiki ke hoʻoweliweli i ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka huli i ka Iberian Lynx ma muli o kā lākou hiki ʻole ke hoʻokuʻi maikaʻi i nā kūlana hou a i ʻole ke alakaʻi ʻana i kā lākou hoʻokau ʻana i nā wahi me kahi papa ʻāina i kūpono, akā, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā huaʻala, ka mea, hou ke alakaʻi hou ʻana i ka make ma waena o nā holoholona.

Kūkā ʻia nā hana hoʻokele e mālama a hoʻihoʻi i ka ʻano kūlohelohe o nā holoholona. ʻO ka poʻe loea e manaʻo e hoʻokuʻu i ka Spanish Lynx bred i ka pio ʻana, ke ʻimi nei i nā pūnaewele me kahi noho kūpono, nā hua a me ka ʻano aloha o ka heluna kanaka kūloko.

Ma kahi o 90 miliona mau miliona i lilo i nā ʻano hana like ʻole e mālama ai i ka lehulehu o ka ʻīlio hihiu kūʻokoʻa i ka manawa mai 1994 a 2018, ua hāʻawi pū ka ʻĀpana ʻEulopa, a hiki i ka 61% o ka loaʻa kālā mai.

Ma ʻAukake 2012, ua hoʻolaha ʻia nā mea noiʻi ua hoʻoponopono ʻia ka genie Iberian lynx.

Hoʻolālā nā ʻepekema ʻepekema i ka hoʻokolohua kūikawā ʻana i nā koena o ka Lynx lōʻihi loa e hoʻohālikelike i ka nalo ʻana o nā ʻano genetic a hoʻomaikaʻi i nā papahana mālama. I Dekemaba 2012, ka mea i hōʻike ʻia e ʻike nā mea noiʻi i nā koena o 466 Iberian Lynxes ma nā hui pilikino a me nā hale waihona puke. Eia naʻe, manaʻo lākou i ka 40% o nā hōʻike no ka nalowale ma mua o 20 mau makahiki i hala.

ʻO ka Iberian Lynx ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa genetic ma mua o nā fiona ʻē aʻe i ʻike ʻia e maikaʻi ʻekika, e like me ka cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus), nā ʻiona kapahaka a me nā lynx Eurasian ma Scandinavia. Ua manaʻo nā mea noiʻi, aia paha kēia ma muli o ka hōʻemi ʻana o ka nui o ka nui o ka nui a ka noho kaʻawale. Ua noi aku nā kānaka ʻepekema e hoʻohui i kekahi mau pūʻulu o nā kānaka e hōʻemi i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka male ʻana.

Noho ʻekolu mau wahine ma ka Sherry Zoo, a hoʻomohala nā poʻe loea i kahi papahana hoʻolālā. ʻO kekahi o kēia mau mea iā Saliga, i hopu ʻia e ka puke i ʻApelila 2002. Ua lilo ʻo ia ka Iberian Lynx mua i hānai ma ka hoʻopio ʻana, ma ka hānau ʻana ʻekolu mau ʻaleme ola maikaʻi ma ka lā Malaki 29, 2005, ma ke kahua o ka ulu ʻana ʻo El Acebuche, ma Doñana Natural Park ma Huelva, Sepania.

I nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ua mahuahua ka nui o nā litters, a ua wehe ʻia nā pūpū hoʻoulu hou. I ka makahikiʻo Malaki 2009, ua hōʻike ʻia he 27 mau Kittens i hānau ʻia mai ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka papahana, i kēlā me kēia. Ua hoʻolālā ke aupuni Sepania e hoʻokumu i kahi mea hānai i kahi kālā 5,5 miliona euro ma Zarza de Granadilla. I Portugal, ua hoʻokumu ʻo Lince Iberico National Center for Reproduction (CNRLI) i kahi hōʻuluʻulu holoholona ma Silves.

Ma muli o Iberian Lynx i ʻike ʻia ma ke pio wale ʻana i ka Jerez Zoo, mai Dekemaba 2014 ua noho nō hoʻi ʻo ia ma Lisbon, a mai Iulai 2016 ma Madrid. Eia kekahi, ʻo kēia ka Pyrenees Lynx i loko a i ke kahaha nui ʻia ma ka National Park o Doñana a me Sierra de Andujar.

Aia pū kekahi Iberian Lynx Reproduction Center kokoke i ke kauhale o Vale Fuseiros, kokoke i ke kūlanakauhale o Silves ma Pokukala.

ʻAno hānau

ʻO nā lyrene Pyrenean he mau holoholona polygynous, ʻo ia hoʻi, he kāne hoʻokahi hiki ke mare me ka wahine hoʻokahi, akā me kekahi. Hānau hoʻokahi ʻo Lynx i hoʻokahi manawa i ka makahiki. He lōʻihi loa ka wā hānau e pili ana i ka estrus i nā wahine - mai Ianuali a Iulai. Hoʻomau ka wā maʻi i ka lā 72 a 78 lā. ʻO ka pihi o ka hānau hānau ma nā mahina mua o ka mahina - Malaki a me ʻApelila E like me ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia ma mua, e hānau ana ka wahine ma lalo o kahi ulu lāʻau a nānā paha i nā hollow i loko o kahi cak. Ma ke ʻano he kapu, ʻekolu manamana a ʻoi aku ka nui o 250 mau kala e hānau ana, i kekahi manawa ua hiki ke ʻelima, hapa wale kekahi o lākou. Hoʻokomo wale ka makuahine i ka hānai ʻana, ʻaʻole ʻona ke makua i nā keiki a me nā keiki; ma kahi o kēlā me kēia hebedoma ʻekolu, ma ka ulu ʻana o nā anakilima, ʻimi ka makua i kahi nui nui a kālio i nā keiki ma laila. Hana ʻo ia i kēia i palekana ka hua, a e like me ka mea e manaʻo ʻia nei, i mea e pale ai i ka maʻi nui me nā ʻōmole āpau.

ʻAi ʻiʻo ke Kittens i ka ʻai o ka lua o ka malama o ko lākou ola, akā hānai ʻo ko lākou makuahine iā lākou i ka waiū a hiki i ʻelima mau malama. I nā mahina ʻeono, ua hoʻomaka mua ka lynx i ka ʻimi, akā a hiki i kā lākou hoʻoholo piha ʻana i ka wahi no ka mālama holoholona (ma kahi o 20 mau mahina), ke noho nei lākou e noho me ko lākou makuahine.

Mea ʻai

ʻO ka hoʻonohonoho o ka ʻōpala a me nā ʻōpio i hiki ai i ka lynx ka hopu maikaʻi i nā holoholona liʻiliʻi. ʻO ka liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi i hui pū ʻia me ka camouflage e hana ai iā lākou he mea maikaʻi loa no nā holoholona liʻiliʻi.

ʻO Iberian lynx kahi mea mālama manu nīhi, ʻo ke kumu o kāna meaʻai he lapelu. No kahi holoholona pākeke, e ʻai ma kahi o hoʻokahi ʻoki i hoʻokahi lā. Eia nō hoʻi, ua lilo nā ʻalā a me nā mea hao, nāhelehele, a me nā manu e pio. Ua hopu ka lynx Iberian i ka iʻa i loko o ka loko a hiki ke hopu a ʻai i ka pepeke hakakā. He mea nui ke kolohe o ka waiwai he pahu o ka hina nui, kō a manu a mouflon paha.

Me nā maka nani a me nā momona, ʻo ka manawa pinepine ka lynx hoʻopuka i kahi lālā lāʻau a i ʻole i kahi hoʻomaha o nā pōhaku a kali i ka neʻe ʻana o ka mea ʻuʻina, a laila ua hoʻouka ʻo ia. ʻAʻole ʻai koke ka mea lawaiʻa ʻoki i kahi mea pio - lawe aku ia ma mua a ʻā wale nō a hoʻomau wale. Inā ʻaʻole e launa ʻole i ka mea hopu, a laila huna a ʻai ʻia ia lā.

ʻO ke ola, ke ʻano

ʻO Iberian lynx kahi kanaka kahakaha e noho ana i kahi ola kūʻokoʻa. Hōʻike lākou i ka hana ma ke kakahiaka nui, a hilinaʻi nui ʻia ma ka hana o ke pio - ka Peti a ʻO Pyrenees. I ka hoʻoilo, ke ola ka lālani i kahi nohona o kēlā me kēia lā, ua huli ka lynx i ka ʻano like.

Ua hoʻolālā kēlā me kēia holoholona, ​​i kona mau kāne a hiki i 18 mau kilomita square, 'ua emi iki nā wahine - a hiki i 10. Kāna mau palena, pale' ia kēlā me kēia wahine i kona mau 'āina mai nā malihini a me nā hopohopo kūpono. Hoʻomaopopo ʻo Lynx i nā palena o nā kahua me ke kōkua o nā ʻoni - hōʻailona lākou me ka urine a i ʻole ka mea e ʻoki ai, waiho lākou i nā ʻokiʻoki i nā lāʻau.

Inā he wahi liʻiliʻi o ka meaʻai i loko o ka waiwai, a laila hoʻomau nā lynxes a pepehi i nā holoholona ʻē aʻe, e ʻike ana iā lākou e like me nā mea hoʻokūkū. ʻO kā lākou mau mea make, he ʻuʻuku, nā ʻīlio maʻamau, mongoose.

Nā Hoʻoweliweli

Mai ka noho ʻana o nā lyrx Pyrenean i loko o ka hale ʻai e noho lākahi kekahi o nā laina kiʻekiʻe, ʻaʻohe o lākou ʻenemi. ʻO kahi wale no e lilo i ʻenemi he kanaka. No ka nani o nā hulu nani, ua nui ka hapa nui o ka lynx Spanish, a ke waiho nei i nā manawa ʻelua wale nō o ka nui i kū i ke kenekulia 19.

Ke kūlana palekana

ʻO Iberian lynx kahi ʻano manu manuahi huhū wikiwiki. Inā i ka hopena o ka 19 - hoʻomaka o ka kenekulia 20, ua ʻoi aku ka nui o ka haneli tausani mau kope, a laila ma ka waena o ka kenekulia 20 ka liʻiliʻi he 3 mau mea i koe, a ma ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka kenekulia 21 - ʻehā wale nō mau holoholona. ʻAʻole inoa kēia holoholona i ka Red Book wale nō, akā ma nā papa inoa like ʻole a me nā ʻōlelo hana i hoʻolaʻa ʻia no nā holoholona i pau i ka make.

Ua hoʻokumu ʻia kahi papahana kūikawā no ka hoʻoulu lynx i ka pio, i mea e hiki ai ke hoʻihoʻi hou i ka poʻe.

Kāleka

Ua ʻōwili ka Iberian lynx i ka huluhulu pōkole mai ka melemele a hiki i ke tan, ke kino pōkole, nā wāwae lōʻihi, a me ka puʻupuʻu pōkole. He poʻo liʻiliʻi ko ia me nā pepeiao fleecy a me kahi pua nani i haʻi ʻia. ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe i ka maloʻo he 45-70 cm, ʻo ka lōʻihi o ka lynx he 75-100 cm (29.4-32.3 mau iniha), me kahi ʻupuʻu pōkole (12-30 cm), ke kaumaha 13-15 kg. (15 a 35 mau paona).

He nui ka nui a me ka paona o nā kāne ma mua o nā wahine nona ka lōʻihi o ke poʻo-ke kino ma kahi o 68.2 a 77.5 cm (26.9 a 30.5 mau aniha) a hiki ke kaupaona ʻia mai 9.2 a 10 kg (20 a me 22 pouna).

Hoʻololi ʻia ka huluhulu huluhulu mai nā lole liʻiliʻi a pālahalaha i nā wahi liʻiliʻi a i nā wahi elongated e noho ana ma nā laina liʻiliʻi e emi ana i ka nui o ke kua i nā ʻaoʻao.

ʻOi palekana

ʻO ka Iberian lynx kekahi o nā ʻano mea nunui loa o ka mammals. Wahi a nā koho no ka makahiki 2005, ʻo ka heluna kanaka he 100 wale nō ia. No ka hoʻohālikelike: ma ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka kenekulia XX aia ma kahi o 100 tausani, e ka 1960 - ua 3 tausani, a ma 2000 - 400 wale nō. Hoʻohui ʻia ma Appendix I CITES (Ka ʻikepili ma ke kālepa Kalepa ma nā ʻĀina Spanged a ʻo Flora a me Flora) a me nā papa inoa o ka World Conservation Union (IUCN), i ka māhele I (holoholona i hoʻomau ʻia).

Ke noiʻi

Ma ʻAukake 2012, ua hoʻolaha ʻia nā mea noiʻi i ka hope loa i hana aiʻo Iberian lynx genome. I Dekemaba 2012, ʻike ʻia ua ʻike ʻia e nā mea noiʻi nā koena o 466 Iberian lynx ma nā hui pilikino a me nā hale waihona puke. Eia naʻe, koho lākou i ka 40% o nā kiʻi la i nalowale i nā makahiki he 20 i hala iho nei.

ʻOi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ka ʻano o ka Iberian lynx ma mua o kekahi o nā mea i ʻike ʻia o nā ʻohana feline (me ka cheetahs (Jubatus Acinonyx), nā singa liona o Ngorongoro a me Eurasian lynxes ma Scandinavia). Ua manaʻo ka poʻe noiʻi, aia paha kēia ma muli o ka emi ʻana o ka heluna kanaka a me ka noho kaʻawale o nā ʻano.

Ua hōʻike ʻia kahi haʻawina 2013 i kahi kūʻokoʻa genetic ikaika ma waena o nā lynx lahilahi ma Doñana a me Andujar, ma ka ʻelua ke aleline a me kā lākou ʻano. ʻOkoʻa nā mea ʻē i mua o ka lāhui kanaka ma muli o ko lākou kaawale ʻana a me ka nui o ka lehulehu ka nui.

Lāiau a me kaʻai kino

Ma ka hoʻohui i ka manawa hoʻoulu, ʻo ka Iberian lynx e alakaʻi i kahi nohona kūʻokoʻa, e pale ana i kona pūnaewele mai nā mea i waho. ʻO ka nui o kēia ʻāpana mai ka 10 (i nā wahine) a 18 (i nā kāne) km2. Hiki paha i nā palena o ka pālahalaha i ka manawa o ka manawa a hilinaʻi ma ka helu o nā pigits. Ua pāwili ʻia ka ʻaoʻao o ke kāne me nā ʻāpana wahine, ʻae iā ia e komo i kā lākou ʻāina. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa i nā palena o kona wahi me nā hōʻailona ala, urine, excrement a me nā haki i ka ʻili o nā lāʻau.

Iberian Lynx he mea lawaiʻa loea, a he nui nā hiʻohiʻona e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke pale wiwo ʻole a make i ka mea liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi. He ʻōpō kahi pōkole kona e hoʻoneʻe ai i ka ikaika o ka pīho kaki. Eʻoi aku ka nui o ka muzzle o ka Iberian lynx, ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o nā ʻāʻī a ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o nā iwi manu ʻoi e ʻai ana i ka ʻai nui. ʻO ka hapa nui o ka lyrx Pyrenean ma European rabbits, kahi e hoʻonui ai i ka hapa nui o ka meaʻai (79-87%), hares (14-6%) a me nā rodents (7-3%). Pono ke kāne e ʻai i kahi pīpī hoʻokahi i kēlā me kēia lā, pono kahi keiki hānai wahine e like me ʻekolu mau kaha o ka lā. Ua hānai ʻo Lynx i nā reptile a me nā amphibians, nā manu, nā iʻa a me nā mea hihiu, a i kekahi manawa ke hoʻouka ʻana i kahe o ka roe a iʻa paha.

I ka manawa mahana, ua hana ʻo Spanish lynx i ka pō, a i ka hoʻoilo i ka wā wela o ka lā. Ma ke anuanu maikaʻiʻole, huna ʻo ia i nā lua a i nā lāʻau piha paha. Holo pono ka lynx, ua lako ia i nā maka a me nā mea honi - ʻae lākou i ka lynx ke ʻike i ka mea i pio ma kahi mamao a hiki i 300 m. Holo pinepine ʻo Lynx mai kahi hoʻohālua - hūnā ma ke kumulāʻau lāʻau, ma hope o kahi peʻe a i ʻole kahi pōhaku, e kali ana no ka mea e hoʻopili kokoke ana ka mea hoʻopuka e hoʻouka iā ia. Lawe ka lynx i ka mea i lawe ʻia mai kahi mai o ka pepehi kanaka ma kahi lōʻihi a hoʻomaka wale ia e ʻai. ʻAʻohe ʻāpana ʻai i ka lā aʻe.

Ke kūlana ʻona

Iberian Lynx - ʻO kekahi o nā ʻano lāʻau ʻono ʻoi loa o ka waiwai ma ka Honua. I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka kenekulia XX, aia ma kahi o 100 tausani, e ka 1960 - ua 3 tausani, e 2000 - he 400 wale nō nā holoholona. I kēia manawa, ʻike ʻia ka helu o Iberian lynx ma kahi o 250 mau kanaka. Ua kau inoa ʻia ʻo Iberian lynx i ka Appendix I CITES (Convention on the International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora), a me nā papa inoa o ke World Conservation Union (IUCN), i nā helu I (nā holoholona i pau i ka hope).

Aia kahi papahana hopu pio no kēia mau mōʻī. Hoʻolālā ʻo Sepania e hoʻonohonoho i kahi kikowaena kūikawā kahi e kūʻai ai nā lālā o nā ʻano, makemake lākou e hana i kahi kikowaena like i Pokukala. ʻO ka hihia mua o ka hoʻolaha ʻana i ka lynx Pyrenean i lawe ʻia ma ka lā Malaki 29, 2005, a ma 2006 ua hānau ʻia nā kikio he 4 i ka noho pio ʻana. ʻO kēia manawa, ua hiki ke hoʻonohonoho i ka hoʻoili ʻana o ka Iberian lynx i ke pio ʻana i Sepania a hoʻokuʻu ʻia i loko o kahi hihiu, hoʻoili ʻia i Pokukala. Ua ʻike ʻo Zoologists ma hope o ka emi mau ʻana o ka lynx mai 2002 a 2012, ʻoi aku ka hoʻomaka ʻana o kona heluna. Hāʻawi kēia i nā meaʻepekema e hoʻokaʻawale i nā ʻano ʻōiwi mai nā holoholona koʻikoʻi i kahi holoholona ʻē aʻe i ka pilikia o ka hemo.

A ʻoiai, e like me ka poʻe ʻepekema, hiki ke make ka Pyrenees lynx ma hope o 50 mau makahiki. Ua paʻi ʻia nā ʻike o nā mea noiʻi i loko o ka puke pai Nature Climate Change. ʻO ke kumu o ka make kokoke loa o ka lynx he emi ka nui o ka poʻe kāla puaʻa, e hana ana i ka 80-99% o kāna meaʻai. ʻO ka ʻoliva hihiu, ʻo ia hoʻi, e make ana ma muli o ka inu nui ʻana, ka myxomatosis, i lawe ʻia mai Iberia a Farani i 1952, a me ka ʻūhā hemorrhagic, a no ka hoʻēmi ʻia ʻana ma ke ʻano kūlohelohe i kumu o ka hoʻololi ʻana i ke aniau. Hoʻomaopopo ka poʻe ʻepekema i nā hana ʻana a pau e hoʻōki i ka hala ʻana o ka Pyrenean lynx e pau ia inā hiki ʻole i ka hopena ke kumu o ke ʻano a me ke ʻano o ka nui o kēia holoholona. ʻO ka Pyrenees lynx ka mea i liʻiliʻi iki me ka palaka i ke koho ʻana i nā mea ʻai a hoʻomau mau i ka mea pīpī, ʻo ia hoʻi nā kūlana o ka hōʻemi nui ʻana i kā lākou helu. ʻAʻole hiki iā ia ke ʻimi i nā holoholona nui ma muli o kāna liʻiliʻi.

ʻO ka mahalo, e hoʻopakele i ka Pyrenean lynx (e pili ana i ka pauʻole), ua hoʻohana nā zoologists Keleman i nā mea pepehi kā Triatominae. Ua hoʻohana ʻia kēia mau manu like me ka syringe e lawe i ke koko mai nā wahine i manaʻo ʻia e hāpai ʻia ana, e like me ka Science News. E like me kāu e ʻike ai, ma muli o ke koʻikoʻi a me ka naʻauao, nalowale ka nalowale o nā lynx ʻōpio i kā lākou keiki mua, a no laila ke nānā nei nā kānakaʻepekema i nā holoholona, ​​e ʻimi ana i nā wahine hāpai. No ka hōʻoia i ka hapai, pono ʻoe e kiʻi i ke koko, akā e hoʻokō i kēia kaʻina me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi syringe maʻamau, pono ʻia nā holoholona, ​​e hiki ke hana i ka kaumaha, e hoʻonui ai i ka hōʻeha.

ʻO nā mea hoʻonā wai nui o ke koko o ka subfamily Triatominae ʻaʻole i koho ʻia me ka manawa. ʻO ka proboscis o kēia mau pepeke he 30 mau hola i ʻoi aku ma mua o ka pono o nā syringes maʻamau. Hoʻokomo pū lākou i nā mea kūikawā i loko o ke kino o nā mea i hōʻuluʻulu ʻia, e hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia i nā holoholona ʻaʻole ʻano kau. I ka nui, ʻoi aku ka nui o kēia mau ʻuʻuku a hiki i ka waiū hou aku i ke koko, akā i ka manawa like ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka hopu ʻana iā lākou. Ke lawe i ke koko no ka nānā ʻana, ua hoʻokomo nā zoologists i nā iniseti i nā māla kūikawā me nā puʻupuʻu i nā papa cork e uhi ana i ka papahele o ka lumi i noho ai nā lynx. Ke waiho ka holoholona ma ka papahele, hāleo ka mea kuʻuna i loko o ka pā, a laila hoʻākoakoa nā mea ʻepekema i kēia mau grates, hōʻiliʻili i nā pepeke a lawe i ke koko o ka holoholona mai kā lākou ʻōpū. Kahi ʻia ua hoʻohana ʻia nā pupuʻu a me nā syringes i hoʻohana ʻia e nā ʻepekema mau ʻana a hiki i ke hoʻokolohua hou kahi hōʻoia ʻana e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke hoʻoholo i ka hapai ma ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ka excrement lynx.