Ma waena o nā holoholona līeʻe a kupaianaha i loaʻa iā desman. Ua ola ka holoholona ma ka honua honua ma mua o 30 miliona mau makahiki. Ke kau inoa nei ka mea nona ka Lūkini ma Red Book o Lūkia, ʻoiai ua pili ka nui o ka ʻano ma ka hope o ka hemo ʻana. ʻO ke ʻano o kēia holoholona, pehea, ke ʻano, kahi e noho ai ka desman, e aʻo mai kākou mai ka ʻatikala.
ʻO ka wehewehe a me ka muskrat kiʻi kiʻi
ʻO ka holoholona i ka inoa o nā mammals o ka ʻohana mole a me nā kauoha o nā insectivores. I ka wao nahele ʻelua ʻano muskrats:
Ua kapa aku nō hoʻi nā kānaka i ka holoholona i ka mole wai, no ka mea hiki i ka holoholona ke hiki iā lākou ke hele pono a holo i lalo, e wāwahi i nā kaila hohonu i loko o ka lepo. I ke kiʻi, hiki ke ʻike i ka holoholona a he hiʻohiʻona hoihoi. Ke nānā koke nei i ka desman hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻoholo e pili ana i ka pili o ka aquatic.
ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kino holoholona holoholona hiki i ka lōʻihi o 18-22 cm. ^ E Ha yM. Hiki i ka nui o ka holoholona ke hiki i 520 gr. ʻO ka huelo o ka desman ka lōʻihi o kona kino a ke uhi ʻia me ka unahi mau ʻia. ʻO ka luna o ka huʻu i uhi ʻia i nā lauoho lihilima, e hana ana i ka paila. Ua like kēia holoholona me nā manu, akā na nā manu wale nō e hana ka keel i kahi ʻāpana thoracic kūikawā. ʻO ka huelo ka liʻiliʻi loa o ka lapalapa ma ka waihona a ma ka hoʻomaka ʻana he mālamalama ʻōnaehoe. Ma kēia wahi o ka huelo he mau spands kiko. Hele aku nā maʻi palaka a he nui nā lua i loko o lākou, o nā ʻōmole ʻā o kahi ʻono koa hele mai ma o lākou. Ma hope koke o ka uhaki ʻana, hoʻopili nui ka ʻili i nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua.
I ka male ʻana panahole elongated muzzle me ka ihu elongated (ʻōpala) i hoʻopaʻa ʻia me kahi laka kūikawā. I ka wā hoʻomaha i loko o ka wai, e pani nā kīpaha i nā puka ihu. He lōʻihi a haʻalulu loa ka holoholona. He manawa pokole nā desman, a ʻoi aku ka nui o nā wāwae lik ma mua o nā forelegs. Hoʻokomo ʻia nā manamana lima ʻelima me nā membrane e uhi ai nā wāwae i nā ʻalā. Loaʻa a lōʻihi a kokoke paha nā kiki. Hoʻopili i nā kihi o nā wāwae kuahi lauoho ka mea e kōkua ai e hoʻonui i ka mahele o ka pilina me ke kai aku.
Hōʻike pololei ke kiʻi ʻo ka desman ka hulu a me ka hulu velvety. Ma nā ʻaoʻao a ma ke kua, he ʻōuli ʻeleʻele hoʻi ka hulu, a hiki no hoʻi i ʻeleʻele pouri i ka waihoʻoluʻu. ʻO ka ʻaoʻao o lalo o ka maka o ka holoholona, ua ʻoi aku ka māmā, a me kāna ʻōpū a me ka ʻāʻī. ʻO kēia mau wahi kino o ke kino he hina hina a he ʻema-keʻokeʻo paha ke keʻokeʻo. Hiki i ka hulu ke mālama pono i ka ea, kahi e kōkua ai i ka mea desman e ʻaʻole hoʻokae i ka wā hoʻoilo ikaika. He hiʻohiʻona maikaʻi ka holoholona, no laila ke alakaʻi ʻia e kona ʻano maikaʻi loa o ka pā a me ka ʻāʻihi.
Habitat, noho kino
ʻO ka ʻāpana Lūkini ka nui loa o Pyrenean a nui ka noho ʻana o kēia ʻano holoholona i nā loko o nā muliwai nui:
Loaʻa ka holoholona i nā Southern Urals a ma nā ʻaoʻao ʻākau o Kazakhstan. Loaʻa ia ma Belarus a me Lithuania. Noho ʻo ka Pyrenees desman kokoke i nā mauna Pyrenees, ma ka palena palena ma waena o Sepania a me Farani, a ma kekahi mau wahi o Pokukala. ʻO nā hale noho punahele nā loko a me nā kahawai mauna.
E alakaʻi ana ka holoholona i kahi ola semi-aquatic, a ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo ia kahi maikaʻi e noho. pani kai piha. ^ E Ha yM. Kahi maʻa mau nā wai wai me kahi pae o 1 ha a a hohonu hoʻi a hiki i 5 mika. Makemake ka holoholona i kahi nā wahi maloʻo kokoke i nā kahe haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa. Makemake ʻo ia i ka nui o nā mea kanu aku.
Noho ka holoholona ola i ka hapanui o kona ola ma kahi lua wale nō me kahi puka hoʻokahi. Hoʻopili ʻia ʻo ia ma lalo o ka wai, a aia kahi hapa nui o ka papa ma luna o ke kai wai, waiho ʻia ʻo ia me ke kuʻuna mauʻu e 3 mika. L? Kou me ke kime i n? P? Ana ki? I o n? I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke kahawai wai i ka pūnāwai, haʻalele ka holoholona i kona lua ma muli o ka wai. Noho ma nā papahele, i loko o nā papahele o nā lau a me nā lālā. Hiki iā lākou ke hoʻolako i kahi miki pāpū ma kahi wahi lūlū no ka noho ʻana o kahi noho ʻana.
Me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke kauwela, noho ʻo desman i ka hapa nui wale nō, ʻaʻole anuanu i nā ʻaina a me nā ʻohana. I ka wā anuanu a hiki i ka 12-13 kanaka ke noho i 1 hole, a me nā kāne a me nā makahiki. ʻO kēlā me kēia holoholona i kipa aku i nā mink kaʻawale, aia lākou mai kekahi mai hope o 20-30 mau mika. Hiki i ka desman ke eli i kēia mamao ma lalo o ka mau minuke 1 mau minuke. Ma lalo o ka wai, hoʻopau ka holoholona i kahi manawa liʻiliʻi, hiki iā ia ke noho a hiki i 4 -7 mau minuke i ka pahu wai.
Ma lalo o ka wai, i ka paepae haʻahaʻa, hoʻopuka ka desman i ka ʻāwili i huki ʻia i loko o kāna mau māmā i ke ʻano o nā mea humuhumu. Hele lākou i waho ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka wai, a ma o ke kū ʻana hoʻi o ka hulu o ka holoholona. I ka hoʻoilo, hoʻohālikelike nā ʻōpala i nā ʻano ʻāpana like ʻole o ka mānoanoa o ka wai. ʻO lākou ma ka wahi o ka ʻanuʻu e lilo a liu ka palupalu.
ʻO nā honu hau ma luna o ka paʻu lalo, he mea hoihoi nui i nā mollusks a me nā leeches. Makemake lākou i ka ʻāʻā musky ma ka wahi o ka ʻōpala, kahi e huki ʻia ai nā mea pōpilikia. ʻO ka holoholona, ua ʻike ʻia he ikaika nui loa, no ka mea kūkulu ʻia ma mua o hoʻokahi mink no ke ola. ^ E Ha yM. Ma kekahi o lākou e noho mau nei a noho, a ma nā lua pōkole ʻo ia e hūlū ma hope o ke komo ʻana i ka wai a hoʻomaha. I loko o ka lua nui o ka pūnana nui, hoʻouna ʻia ʻo lalo e nā lau a me ka mauʻu. ʻO ka hoʻomakaʻana o ke ola desman he 5 mau makahiki.
Meaʻai me ka Haʻi
He momona maikaʻi ka holoholona a, inā ʻo kona liʻiliʻi, e ʻai nui. Ke manaʻoʻiʻo ʻia nei ʻo ia ka insectivore nui loa i ka lewa. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia desman i nā:
- ulia pepeke
- pāʻelepule
- loloa
- leʻaleʻa.
ʻAʻole maopopo ka holoholona i ka wikiwiki o ka neʻe ʻana i ka ʻāina, no laila ua hoʻomaka ʻo ia e makaʻu i nā ʻenemi. I waena o lākou:
Hoʻouka ʻia nō hoʻi nā mea make manu e nā manu make, no ka mea, kites. Ua hoʻoikaika lākou lākou e pae i ka wai i ka wa kahakaha ai a no ka mahiai. ^ E Ha yM. I ka pūnāwai, e hoʻomaka ana ka wā koho i nā holoholona. Hana nā wahine i nā leo melodic, a ʻo ke kamaʻilio kāne. I waena o nā kāne, ulu ʻia nā skirmish i ka wahine.
Lawe ka wahine i nā lulu o 5 mau kekaki i ʻelua ma ka makahiki. Hoʻokomo ʻia kēia i ke kauwela kauwela a hāʻule. ʻIke mau nā mele kuʻu, lawe lākou i kahi hana ma ka hānai ʻana i ka ʻohana a hānai i nā hua, a mālama pono lākou ia. Hoʻokomo ʻia nā keruba ke kaupaona nei ma kahi he 2-3 mau momi, ua makapō a ʻike ʻole. Ma hope o 2-3 mau pule, ua uhi ʻia ko lākou kino me ka mea kanu. Ma kahi o 3 mau pule ma hope o ka hānau ʻana, hoʻomaka lākou e kamaʻilio me ka honua o waho.
Ua kupaianaha ka desman i kēlā ʻaʻole i like me nā holoholona ʻē aʻe. ^ E Ha yM. Ua lilo kēia holoholona holoholona ʻokoʻa a kahiʻanele a me ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana o kona poʻe kānaka ma nā wahi kūlohelohe a me nā pā mālama holoholona.
Nā hiʻohiʻona
ʻAʻole nui ka poʻe e ʻike i ka ʻano o kēia mea hana a me kāna ʻano. No laila, ma o ka halaʻole, hiki iā lākou ke lawe iā ia no ka iʻa, manu a i holoholona hihiu paha. ʻO ka desman Rūkū e pili ana i nā holoholona insectivorous, semi-aquatic. Wahi a ka poʻe biologist he, ʻo ia ka ʻohana mole, ʻoiai he mau mea like me nā hedgehog. I ka manawa like, aia kekahi mau ʻepekema e pili ana i nā ʻohana ʻokoʻa.
I loko o ka hoʻolaha paʻi kaulana a puni ka Honua, kēia mau holoholona me kahi muzzle elongated a me nā wāwae i hoʻopihapiha ʻia ua kapa ʻia nā submariners makapō. ʻAʻole makemake kēia mau kamaʻāina like ʻole o ka honua i ka lā a ma lalo o nā papa o ka honua a i ka wai.
I kēia manawa o ka wahi noho kaiāulu ma Rūsia ma ka ʻāpana o Rūsia, nā basins wai o ka Dnieper, Volga, Don a me Urals. Eia kekahi, hiki ke loaʻa i nā repubalika Soviet mua, i loko o nā mokuʻāina e like me Kazakhstan a me Ukraine. A ma ka wā prehistoric, e like me nā ʻepekema, ua loaʻa ma nā ʻāina āpau o ʻEulopa, a me nā mokupuni Pelekane.
ʻO Vykhuhol - ʻike maikaʻi i ka ʻike. ʻO ka mea desman ke ʻano ʻē i kona ʻano. ʻO kona mau sekona he hapalua kilmika ke lōʻihi, he ihu proboscis lōʻihi, i uhi ʻia me nā lauoho vibrissa, nā maka liʻiliʻi. ʻAʻole ʻike ʻia kona ʻāʻī i mua, a me ke kāʻei kahi palaka a hiki i ka nui o ke kino. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kino a me ke kāʻei e hiki aku ai ma kahi o 40 cm.
ʻO ka hulu hulu ka hulu pua o ka holoholona, i hoʻohana nui ʻia. ʻOkoʻa loa ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana o kona mau lauoho ma mua o ke koena o ke aupuni holoholona. Hoʻopaʻa lākou i ka taper i ke aʻa, a hoʻonui i luna. Kēia mau ʻano hiʻohiʻona ʻia me nā mammf wai. ʻOi aku ka ikaika o ka lole o ka holoholona a hoʻokuʻu i ka lewa i waena o nā lauoho, e hāʻawi ana i ka insulation thermal maikaʻi. ʻO ke kumu no ka hoʻopau ʻana i ka desman ʻaʻole ia he hulu wale nō, akā ʻo ka ʻōlelo nūnū hoʻi o nā kinipōpō musk i hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano o ke ʻano ʻala o ka honi.
Ma muli o ka nui o ka helu o kēia mau wai wai loko, ua kūloko ʻo kēia kanaka i kēlā mau holoholona i kākau ʻia i loko o ka Puke Red a hana ke aupuni i nā mea āpau e hiki ai iā lākou ke hāʻawi iā lākou me ka palekana palekana. ʻO kekahi kumu ʻē aʻe no kona nalo ʻia ʻana ua haumia nā kino wai, ʻokiʻoki ʻia nā ululāʻau, hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻupena i ka wā lawaiʻa, a pēlā aku. He mea nui loa ka mālama ʻana i kona nohona, me ka ʻole o ka mea hiki ʻole iā ia ke hoʻomau mau.
Kāleka
Ka wehewehe ʻana o ka manaʻo Lūkini: he holoholona loea kēia holoholona, a ʻo ia hoʻi ka mākaukau nui loa o kēia papa. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka lōʻihi o ka holoholona mai ka 18 a 22 cm, a ʻo ka huelo mai ka 17 a 21 cm ka nui o kēia mau holoholona, he nui ka paona o nā holoholona ma kahi mai 380 a 520 grama.
ʻO ka mea a ke kanaka e ʻike ai, he liʻiliʻi ka poʻe ma muli o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻole a me ka nohona o kēia mau holoholona. Loaʻa kēia mau holoholona i ka ʻalā, a ua aneane ka ʻāʻī mai ka ʻaoʻao. Aia kona poʻo i kahi ala conical, ma luna o kahi i kū ai ka ihu-ʻōpala. ʻO nā maka heʻe keʻokeʻo, me nā hiʻohiʻona kūpono i hoʻomohala ʻia.
ʻAʻohe o kēia mau holoholona i nā pepeiao, ma waho, a me nā hāmua o ka auditory, ka mea i hōʻike ʻia i ke ʻano o ka palupalu 1 cm ka lōʻihi, e kokoke ana i ka lawaiʻa ma lalo o ka wai. Hoʻopilikia ka mea like me ka hamama puka a ka ihu, i pani ʻia e nā ʻūhā hidal. He pōkole pōkole nā holoholona, ʻo lākou iho, ʻelima ka lima, a ʻoi aku ka nui o nā wāwae hind ma mua o ka mua.
Ua hoʻopōmaikaʻi lākou i nā claws maikaʻi loa i kokoke i ka hopena. I kēia hihia, ma waena o nā manamana lima e hoʻopili pono ʻia kahi kaila lapuwale maikaʻi. ʻO ka nānā kūikawā e ukuʻia i ka hulu, ʻo kaʻili nui a me ka silky, a ma ka manawa like e kū lōʻihi.
ʻAʻole like ka pena o ka hulu. He kua ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele o ke kua o ka holoholona, a he ʻula hina hina ka ʻōpū. ʻO ka huelo o kēia mau holoholona, lōʻihi loa a palu ʻia ma nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua. Ma nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua ma ke kaʻe o ka huʻu he bea, me ka lauoho ʻāʻuku hoʻi. Ma ke kumu o ka huelo, he hao kēia mau holoholona, e hana ana i ka musk, e pale ana i ka huluhulu i kahe kahe.
Hoʻaiho
Aia i hea ka desman? Ma kahi o kekahi mau wahi i Lūkia, ʻike ʻia kēia ʻano relict i kekahi mau wahi ma Kazakhstan, Ukraine, Lithuania a me Belarus.
ʻO ka manaʻo kuhi ma ka'āina o Rūsia e noho ma ia mau wahi:
- Ma ka hui Dnieper, noho kēia mau holoholona i nā kai like Iput, Vyazma, a me Oster.
- Ma kaʻauka Don, ʻike ʻia lākou ma nā wai like me: Voronezh, Bityug, Khoper.
- Ma ka Volga kiʻekiʻe, loaʻa kēia mau holoholona i nā wahi e like me Kotorosl a me ʻhaha. Ua ʻike ʻia kēia holoholona ma lalo o Klyazma, Moksha a me Tsne.
- Ma ka māhele o Chelyabinsk, nā wahi i noho ai ka mea desman: ka lalo o lalo o ka muliwai Uy ma nā wahi o Kurgan, a me ka pilima Tobola.
ʻLio a me nā ʻano
ʻO nā kūlana maikaʻi loa no kēia holoholona e ola ai nā loko wai a me nā lunakahiko, nona kahi wai wai o kahi o kahi he hoʻokahi, ʻo ka hohonu hoʻi o 5 mau mika, a ma nā kapa he mau wahi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke loaʻa ka nui o nā mea kanu iʻa. Pono nō hoʻi e loaʻa i kahi pālahawai lōlio ma nā kapa o ia mau mea hoʻopukapuka.
Hoʻopau kekahi kanaka kanaka manu i ka manawa o kāna mink. Loaʻa i nā ʻuʻu o kēia mau holoholona i kahi hoʻokahi wale nō hoʻopulapula, akā pilikia ka loaʻa ʻana, no ka mea e hūnā ʻia ana ia ma lalo o ka koloka wai. Akā, ʻo ka hoʻomaha o ka lua o ke kahe pinepine e loaʻa i kahi i luna o ka wai o ka wai a loaʻa he lōʻihi o 3 mau mita i ka pae. Eia nō hoʻi, ua hoʻopiha kēia mau holoholona i kā lākou mau lua i nā lumi liʻiliʻi.
Loaʻa nā holoholona i nā pilikia liʻiliʻi i ka wā o ke kai aʻe. I kēia manawa, hoʻopau kā lākou ʻuʻuku a me nā holoholona e haʻalele iā lākou i ka wā o ke kaiakaha. I loko o kēia manawa o ka noho ʻana, e noho ana ma waena o nā ʻuā pōkole, kahi i kālai ʻia i nā ʻāpana ʻole o nā kahawai, a i ʻole ma ka lāʻau iʻa a i ʻole nā mea hoʻopiʻi mai nā lālā. ʻO ke kokoke i ka lalo o ka punawai ma waena o nā pūlima ʻelua e hiki ai ke loaʻa kahi kaila, kahi i waiho ma waena o lākou i lalo o ka mānoanoa o ka silt, i ke kumu o ke one.
I ke kauwela kauwela o kēia manawa e noho kaʻawale kēia mau holoholona i kekahi. Eia nō naʻe, i ka hoʻoilo, hoʻoilo ʻia ia a hiki i 12-13 nā kānaka e noho kokoke. Hiki i kā lākou mau pōkole kaʻawale ma waena o 20-30 mau mika mai kekahi i kekahi. ʻO kēlā mamao ka uhi ʻana o ka muskrat i kahi minuke o kaʻauʻau. He wā hōʻoluʻolu kēia o ka holoholona ma lalo o ka wai. ʻOiai ka lōʻihi o kēia mau holoholona he 4 mau minuke.
He nui kēia mau holoholona, otuj me nā mamm maʻamau, akā i ka manawa like me lākou kahi mea nui nui - kahi noho lōʻihi ma lalo o ka wai. ʻOiai ka neʻe ʻana a ka desman ma lalo o ka luawai o lalo, e hoʻopuka ʻo ia i ka lewa i huki ʻia i loko o loko o ke ano o nā hamu liʻiliʻi.
I ka hoʻoilo o ka manawa, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia kēia mau ʻalohi ke ʻike i ke kahe ʻana o ka ʻāpana o lalo, ʻoiai hoʻonaninū ka pū me ka ea i loko o ka hau. Akā, ʻo ka heleʻana o kahi waihona porous ma lalo o ka hau, ʻaʻole e ikaika loa ia. I ka manawa like, e hoʻihoʻi ʻia kēlā hōʻoluʻolu i kahi nui mollusks a i ʻole nā leeches i kēlā mau wahi.
Mea ʻai
He aha nā mea ʻai eʻai ai ma lalo o ka wai? ʻO ka meaʻai me nā mollusks, ka leeches, crustaceans, larvae. ʻOiai ka liʻiliʻi o ka nui o kēia mau holoholona, ʻai nui lākou, ʻokoʻa loa. Ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa, ua manaʻo ʻia ka desman he lāʻau nui loa o nā holoholona insectivorous.
Hiki i ka mea desman ke huki i nā crustaceans, larvae a me nā mollusks ma o ka mea maoli i ka wā e neʻe ai ma lalo o ka wai, e hoʻokuʻu wale nāu uila. I kēlā mau wahi, ua ʻoi aku ka nui o nā mea ola a i nā mea ola no ka hoʻomau ʻana i ka hoʻouluulu ʻana ma ʻaneʻi. I kēia hihia, ʻo nā mea a pau e hana ʻia e ka holoholona, ʻo ke holo ʻana a ʻai i nā mea āpau.
ʻAno hānau
ʻO ka hana kūpono ʻana o nā holoholona ma 10-11 mau mahina ma hope o ka hānau ʻana. Hoʻopili ke komo ʻana i kēia mau holoholona i ka wā o ke kahawai wai. Ke hoʻihoʻi ka wai iā lākou mai loko o ko lākou mau lua. I kēia manawa, hiki i nā hakakā ma waena o nā kāne. ʻO 45 mau lā a ʻoi aku ka manawa gestation. Ma hope o ka hānau ʻana, ua wehe maoli nā ʻōpio, nā makapō a me ka hemahema. ʻO ka helu o nā cubes mai 1 a 5, a kaupaona kēlā me kēia e pili ana i ka 3, 3 gram.
Koho ʻia kahi wahi no nā hua ulu i kahi hohonu ʻaʻole hoʻi he kumu nui loa, eia naʻe, hoʻēmi ma laila i ka hoʻoilo, a no laila ua waiho ka wahine i kāna pūnana me nā mea kanu ʻuʻulu e ʻohi ai i loko o ka hale waiwai like. I ka makahiki, hiki i hoʻokahi wahine ke hāʻawi aku i nā keiki ʻelua.
He mea nui ʻole inā ʻike ka wahine i kekahi ʻano pōʻino, a i ʻole kekahi mea e keʻe hōloʻe ʻole iā ia, e hoʻoneʻe ʻo ia i kāna keiki i kahi lua o kona kua. ʻAʻole holo ʻole nā Males i kā lākou keiki. I ka makahiki hoʻokahi, hoʻomaka nā pēpē e hoʻāʻo e ʻai i ka ʻai o nā pākeke, a ua piha pono i ka 4-5 mau makahiki.
Kanikau
He paʻakikī loa ka neʻe ʻana o kēia mau holoholona ma ka ʻāina, no laila he nui ka ʻenemi o kēia holoholona ma ka ʻāina. Pākuʻi ʻia kēia mau holoholona e like me: nā ʻalopeke, nā ʻōpala, nā pōpoki hihiu, ka ferrets a me kekahi, nā kites.
Pono kēia mau holoholona i haʻalele i ka wai o ka wai i ka wā o nā kahawai wai. ʻO ka manawa o kā lākou hana hou ʻana e kau pū ana ma ka manawa like.
Nā kumu no ka hoʻopau ʻana
Ua helu ʻia ka desman i loko o ka Red Red Book. ʻO ka helu o kēia mau holoholona ma 1973, he 70,000 a puni ka USSR. ʻO ke kumu maoli, ʻo ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka helu o kēia mau holoholona ma muli o ka loaʻa kālā o kā lākou hulu, waiwai nui.
I ka hoʻomaka ʻana a me ka waena o ka kenekulia 19, ua ʻoki nei kēia mau holoholona no ke ʻano piha o ia mea, a ua luku ʻia kēlā me kēia makahiki he 100 tausani mau holoholona.Ma muli o ka hōʻino nui ʻana o kēia mau holoholona, a me ka hoʻoweliweli ʻana i kā lākou wahi (ka hakahaka o nā wai wai), kīloʻi kā lākou mau helu.
Wikiō
E nānā i kekahi wikiō hoihoi e pili ana i kēia holoholona kūikawā.
He aha kēia ʻano manu ʻoi - he kanaka nele ʻo ia, kahi e noho ai, he aha ia mea i ʻai ai, e kaena a i ʻole kona hakahaka i kāna mau pua i loko o ka pahu honu? Ma kēia e haʻi mākou iā ʻoe i ke ʻano o ka pichuga me kēia mea, he mea kupaianaha a he ʻano hoʻi o ke ʻano o ke ʻano ola.
A pono e hoʻomaka me kēlā ...
ʻAʻole manu kēlā desman i ka manu! ʻO ka desman ka holoholona i like a i ʻole. He mea minamina no ka manaʻo ʻole o ka poʻe he nui i kēia ʻano. ʻOiai, he mea maʻamau ka desman me nā manu - ka hele ʻana o ke keel, kahi ʻāpana kūikawā o ka umauma, nā mea i loaʻa i nā manu. No laila e makaʻu i ka huhū o kaʻoki a me nā zoologists: i hele mai nei kekahi mau mea aloha kūʻokoʻa a hoʻowahāwahā iā ʻoe no nā kuhi hewa ʻana e pili ana i ka honua holoholona! No laila, e hoʻomaka kākou e aʻo i ke ʻano o ka "manu" kēia - he muskrat.
Ma ka huaʻōlelo desman he ʻano manu ʻaina nani lā, akā ʻike maopopo ʻoe ʻaʻole he makehe ka desman, a ʻo ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ʻaʻole he manu, ʻoiai ke keelele, akā he mamm nō nā ʻohana mole.
He ʻauhau
Russian ka ʻona a me ka crest (Latin Desmana moschata) e noho i kēia kūlana i loko o ka ʻauhau:
- Animal Animal Kingdom - Nā holoholona
- Pākuʻi Chordata - Chordata
- subtype Vertebrata - Nā Kaukaʻina
- Nā Papa Mammalia-Nā Mammals
- ʻO Insectivora Squad Insectivora
- Mole a ʻohana paha Shrew
- ʻO Desmaninae subfamily (i kahi manawa i ʻike ʻia he ʻohana, ʻo ka lua o nā ʻano he Pyrenean desman (Galemys pyrenaicus)
- Genus Vykhuhol -Desmana
- Nānā V.Russkaya - D. moschata
ʻO ka desman - wai wai
Hoʻaiho
ʻO ka desman ua manaʻo ʻia he ʻano mea i hoʻohilahila, ka mea āpau ma ka wahi hope-Soviet. I ka wā prehistoric, hiki ke loaʻa i nā wahi a pau ma ʻEulopa a me nā mokupuni Pelekane. I kēia manawa ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o kona noho home, ua wāwahi ʻia ia wahi, ua palena ʻia ma nā wai like me Don, Dnieper, Volga, a me Urals. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻokipa hou iā ia ma Kazakhstan, i kekahi manawa ma Ukraine, Belarus, Lithuania, Portugal.
ʻO keʻano
ʻO ka laulā liʻiliʻi Rūkia, lōʻihi o ke kino a hiki i 25 cm, me kahi kāʻei o ka lōʻihi a me ke koʻikoʻi o ke kino ma kahi o 450 g. Ua kaulana ʻia mai ka Pliocene, ma kahi o 5 miliona mau makahiki i hala. He manu kahiko, aole?
Ua uhi ʻia ka huʻu i nā unahi pōpilikia, a me ka lauoho maloʻo, nona ka keel e ulu i ka piko. He ʻolowehi ka lāʻumi i ke anawaena - ma ke kumu haʻahaʻa, me he mea lā e kiʻi ʻia, ma hope o ke kāʻei o nā kolo. Aia nā puʻu momona hou e honi i nā musk kiko, i hoʻohana ʻia i ke ʻano no ka hōʻailona ʻana i ke kūkaʻi, a me ke alakaʻi no ka loaʻa ʻana o ke ala no ka home. ʻO ke koena o ka huelo e hoʻoili ʻia ma hope.
Kahi pahu pīhoihoi e like me ke poʻo cone ʻano a me ka ihu proboscis e lōʻihi lōʻihi e hoʻopau ana me kahi pūnaehana nui o ka ihu. Pāʻuku ʻia nā wāwae wāwae, pili nā manamana lima e nā membranes, ua lako ka waha me nā niho 44. Pēlā kekahi "manu" maikaʻi loa!
ʻO nā maka i ka rudimentary, i lalo o ka lens, i ka nui o ka pinhead. Ua makapō ka desman, akā ua ulu maikaʻi kāna ʻao a me ke ʻano.
ʻO waho, ua like ia me ka heroine mai ka ʻatikala kaulana ʻo "Ice Age", ma muli o kēia, ʻo ka neʻe ʻana o ka neʻe i hoʻomaka.
Ua ʻākui a ʻo ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau o ka puʻupuʻu a ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o nā holoholona ʻāina. ʻOi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka wai ma mua o ka lewa, no laila ʻoi aku ka nui o ka ukana ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau o ka umauma.
E lanakila i kēia hopena, aia kekahi mau uaua ngili hou i nā mākia o ka ventricle kūpono.
Ma waena o ke kino kino e 34.5 a 37.1 ° C. Kūleʻa ka mahana o ka holoholona i ka mahana o ke kaiapuni. Hoʻopili ʻia ka desman i ke ʻano kikoʻī koʻikoʻi o ke ana o nā pua a me nā loko, inā he piʻi maikaʻi loa ka pā o ke ʻano, a laila pau ka make o ka puʻupuʻu mai ka wela wela.
Ke noho maʻamau
Ke hana nei i kahi nohona desman semi-akuatic. E makemake ʻo ia i nā loko wai i hoʻopuni ʻia e like me ka nui o nā kahe wai.
ʻO ka hapa nui o ka makahiki lākou e hoʻopau ai i loko o ka wai i lalo o ka wai, e waiho waiho wale ana i nā kūlana koʻikoʻi, e like me nā kahe.
I ke kauwela, hiki i ka desman ke noho i nā ʻohana, hīmeni ʻole a i ʻole i ka hoʻoilo, a i ka hoʻoilo, he 13 mau holoholona o nā ʻano like ʻole a me nā holoholona o nā ʻano like ʻole i ʻākoakoa ma loko o ka puʻu. Ua kipa aku kēlā me kēia desman i nā pōkā ma kahi mamao o 30 m mai kēlā me kēia. ʻO kēia kaawale, hiki i ka mea nona ke kau ʻana ma ka waʻa e pili ana i ka ʻōpala o ka minuke, a ʻo ka mea hiki i lalo o ka wai ke hiki ke lōʻihi a hiki i 5 mau minuke.
Ke neʻoneʻe nei ka holoholona ma ka ʻaoʻao o lalo i lalo o ka ʻuā lalo, e hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ka lewa mai ka pūpū ma ke ʻano o ka ʻano o nā ʻōmaʻomaʻi liʻiliʻi. Ma muli o kēia, ua ʻike ʻia kahi hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ʻoi aku ma luna o ka ʻōpala, no laila, nā mollusks, nā leeces a me ka palaoa, ʻimi manu no ka lewa, e holo mau ana ma laila. Hoʻomaʻi pū kekahi iā lākou i ka musk, e waiho ana i kahi ala ʻōmaʻomaʻo. ʻAʻole holo ka desman ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka mimi no ka ʻimi ʻana i ka meaʻai, akā e neʻe ana ma kahi o nā ʻina o nā trenches kahi e holo pololei ai nā mea make. ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi puka hou he hana paʻakikī no ka desman. Kokoke ʻo Khokhulia ʻaʻole ʻike iki i ka wā; i ka neʻe ʻana, hui pū ʻo ia - e kūlou nui nā manamana wāwae o kāna mau wāwae hind. Ma ka hone o ka honua, e neʻe mālie nei ka desman a lilo i mea pio no nā mea wānana.
I ka noho pio, ola ʻo desman no hoʻokahi makahiki ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi ma ke kūʻokoʻa - a hiki i ka 5 mau makahiki.
ʻAe, ʻānō, pau ke kamaʻāina iā ʻoe a hiki ke haʻi no ka mea "lele" i kēia manu manu manu. E hele pinepine i kā mākou papa pūnaewele, e aʻo ʻoe i nā mea he nui, lehulehu mau mea hoihoi e pili ana i ka honua holoholona hihiu.
Inā loaʻa ʻoe i kahi hala, e koho i kahi ʻāpana a me ka paʻi Ctrl + Kākau .