- KEKAHI MAUA
- Ka manawa ola a me kahi noho (manawa): Ka wā Cretaceous (100–93 miliona mau makahiki i hala)
- Loaʻa: 1915g, ʻAigupita
- Aupuni: Nā holoholona
- Era: Mesozoic
- Kuhi: Nā Chordates
- Kāwili: Lizard-pelvic
- Kūkulu: Theropods
- Kākau: Zavropsida
- Kāhea: Nā Dinosaurs
- Kāā ʻohana: Spinosaurids
- Genus: Spinosaurus
ʻO kahi noho a me ke ʻano terrestrial. E maʻalahi ke mahalo iā ia i ka huaʻa ona "mākaʻikaʻi" ma ke kua a me ke ʻihi, kahi e like me nā crocodiles, e neʻe i mua. Aia ʻo ia ka loa lōʻihi ma waena o nā saur mana karnivor (a hiki i ka 1.98 m ka lōʻihi).
He huelo nui nō hoʻi a kahi, kahi kī i hiki ai ke hoʻopōʻino nui i ka ʻenemi a i ʻole a hāʻule iā ia.
ʻO ka manawa mua, ua loaʻa nā koena o kēia papa loio ma ʻAigupita, a ua wehewehe ʻia ma ka 1915 ma Munich e kekahi paleontologist mai Keleman Ernst Stromer von Reichenbach. Mahalo i ka spinosaur, kahi ʻohana hou o spinosaurids i loaʻa, me nā ʻano o nā dinosaurs, ʻo ka mea pili pili loa o lākou he mea huhū, ʻaʻole pū hoʻi o ia i niho niho pololei.
He aha kāu mea e ai ai a me ke ʻano o ka nohona
ʻAʻole i hoʻokau ka hunting i nā pahuhopu, e like me ka nui o nā mea wānana, akā i ka palena wale. Hiki iā ia ke ʻimi no nā pterosaurs a me nā mea kanu ʻo ia manawa, e kali ana i nā mea i hōʻeha ʻia i kāna pahuhopu. ʻO ka maʻamau ʻaʻole ia i kali i nā mea i kali no ka make, ua hoʻāʻo ʻo ia e lawe koke i kona ola, no kēia mea ua ʻāʻī ʻo ia.
Akā ma muli o nā mea āpau, ʻo ka ʻai nui o ka iʻa, i kekahi manawa i hōʻoki ʻia i nā ʻika, nā lau a me nā meaʻaʻai - hele i loko o ka loko wai a kali hoʻi i kahi manawa kūpono e hoʻouka a ʻai i nā iʻa like me ka nui. No kaʻanohao he ʻano like ʻo ia nā kolika, like me lākou, makemake nui ia e noho i loko o ka wai, hauʻoli i ka maluhia a laila hoʻomaka wale ka holoholona. ʻO ia manawa, ʻoi aku ka iʻa a me nā hāmama ʻē aʻe, ua ʻai ʻo ia i nā ʻano kālai.
Nā kikoʻī kikoʻī o ke kino
He nui kona nui a he ʻoka māla ikaika. ʻO nā moʻokāki kaulana loa e like me ka nunuiotosaurus a me ka tyrannosaurus i hiki ʻole i ka hiki ʻole i kēia mau nui; ʻo ia ka nui o ka ʻāina nui ma mua o ka poʻe dinosaurs. E like me kāu e ʻike ai i ke kiʻi, nā elongated spikes, i uhi ʻia me ka ʻili, i hoʻopili ʻia ma ka spora spinsaurus o nā spinosaurus. ʻO ke kokoke i ke kikowaena, ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi ma mua o nā poʻe ma ke kumu o ka ʻāʻī a me ka huelo. ʻO ka lōʻihi ka lōʻihi ma kahi 2 m mau loa, ʻo ke kūpono - 1,8 m. Ua hoʻohana ʻia ka "Sail" e huki i nā wahine a ʻoi loa ka hana pono.
Kālā
ʻO ka lōʻihi, ua hōʻea nā pākeke i nā 15 - 18m, nā mākaʻi ʻōpio nui loa - 12m
Aia i ke kiʻekiʻe 4 - 6m (e like me ka nui o nā wāwae i kū ai ke zavr, 4 a me 2, ia)
Ke kaumaha kino - mai 9 a 11.5t (pākeke), 5t - zavr ʻōpiopio
Ulu
Ua like ka helehelena o ka helehelena o ke alo o nā makana i kēia manawa. Piha nui ka ʻili, akā ua kuʻekuʻe ma ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke ʻāʻī, i loko o nā niho he nui nā lehelehe (hiki iā lākou ke māi i kekahi ʻili. Heʻuʻuku nā niho: ʻo ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā ʻīlio a me ka lalo haʻahaʻa he 7 mau niho lōʻihi, a ma hope o lākou - 12 - 13 ma kēlā me kēia ʻaoʻao ua liʻiliʻi ka lōʻihi, akā like me ka ʻili.
Nā Limbs
I kēia manawa, ʻaʻole i loaʻa ka piha piha o kā lākou mau wāwae i ka poʻe loea, pono e hana nui nā kānaka ʻepekema e hōʻoluʻolu i ko lākou helehelena. I ʻike wale ʻia he 4 o lākou a ua pāpaʻi kēlā me kēia. ʻOi aku ka lōʻihi o nā wāwae hind ma mua o nā forepaws, akā ʻaʻole nui loa i ka ikaika, i.e. he ikaika loa lākou e paʻa i ke ʻano kino o ko lākou mau wāwae a uhaʻi ʻole.
Hoʻaiho
Noho ʻo Spinosaurus ma luna o ke kāʻei o ʻApelika Komohana hou. I kēia manawa, ua loaʻa kona koena ma Morocco a me ʻAigupita. Aia ia ma loko o nā palena o ka ʻāina hope i loaʻa i nā ʻāpana o ka poʻe nui loa. ʻO ka hale nohona kahi i uhi ʻia e ka hui ʻana o nā muliwai liʻiliʻi. Ma ka wai i ka hoʻomaha ka mea e makemake ai ka holoholona e hoʻolimalima i nā manawa nui.
Kāleka
Wahi a nā kumuhana hou, hiki i ka spinosaurus ke lōʻihi aku o 16-18 m me ka lōʻihi o 7–9 t (ʻoiai ke manaʻo nei kekahi mau kumepekema e pili ana ke kaumaha o ka dinosaur a 20 t) a ulu i 8 m.
ʻO Spinosaurus "Sail" kahi mea i ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa ʻana i hoʻopaʻa ʻole i nā minima he nui. ʻAʻole maopopo mākou i ke ʻano o ka holomua o kēia ʻano: ʻo ka hiki ke kū i ka ʻā o ke kūpeʻe o ka vertebrae he 1,8 m lōʻihi (ʻoi aku ka nui o nā ʻimi, no ka mea, ʻo ka inoa "spinosaurus" i kapa ʻia "spiked lizard"), ua uhi ʻia lākou me ka ʻili, a i ʻole paʻa nā ʻiʻo ikaika a me nā tendons. I ka hihia mua, loaʻa maoli ka "holo" manawaleʻa o kona spinosaur i kona kua, a i ka lua, he puʻupuʻu nui a nui hoʻi.
Heaha ka "holo" no ia? ʻAʻole i ʻike maopopo ʻia, akā hiki paha iā ia ke hoʻokō i nā hana o ka thermoregulation, me ke kamaʻilio ʻana, e hoʻoweliweli ana i nā dinosaurs ʻē aʻe iā ia iho a hōʻike wale. He mea nani a waihoʻoluʻu ʻulaʻula a nānā i ka manaʻo o nā wahine i ka wā hana. Ua ʻōlelo aku kekahi o nā mea ʻepekema ma ke kua o ka liko i kahi puʻu momona kahi i kōkua i ke dinosaur e ola ana i ka nele o ka nui o ka mea e pono ai.
Manaʻo nā ʻepekema: hiki i ka spinosaurus ke hele ma nā wāwae ʻelua a ʻehā. Hoʻokomo ʻia nā forelimb, i hoʻopili ʻia me nā manamana lima ʻekolu me nā kīwī lōʻihi, e ʻae i ka holoholona i paʻa i ka waiwai i hopu ʻia. ʻEhālima mau ʻāpana ʻōpio me nā manamana lima liʻiliʻi, a ʻo ke koena ke kaumaha nui i ka wā e hele ana.
Loaʻa ka Spinosaurus i ka ʻūhā nui loa i waena o nā dinosaurus karnivorous. I ka nui o nā poʻe he nui, ua hiki i 2 m ka lōʻihi. ʻO ke ʻano o ke ʻihi, a me ka wahi a me nā ʻano o nā niho i like me nā heʻi. Aia ʻo nā niho liʻiliʻi he 12 ma hope o ka waha, a ʻehiku mau niho lōʻihi i mua o ka ʻāʻī.
Ke noho maʻamau
Ma muli o ke ʻano like o nā mea maʻamau a me ke ʻano o kekahi mau wahi o ke kino o kēia dinosaur, hoʻohālikelike pinepine ʻia me ka crocodile, i loko o kona nui e hiki ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka iwi ā o kahi spinosaurus. ʻO ka ʻai ʻana a ka mea kahiko i hoʻohana ʻia i nā iʻa. Hiki iā ia ke hopu iā ia e like me ka crocodile. ʻO ka nānā ʻana i ka mea pio, ua hūnā nā spinosaurus i ka wai a waiho wale i nā nostrils a me nā maka ma waho.
Wahi a kekahi ʻano ʻē aʻe, ua hoʻopau ʻo ia i ke ʻano o kahi bea a kēia wā: kahi holoholona hihiu i nānā i ka wai wai, a laila hopu i kona waiwai mai ka muliwai a me kona waha. Eia kekahi, hiki i ka pangolin ke hopu i ka dinosaurs herbivorous, ʻoi loa hoʻi i ka maloʻo, i ka wā e pono ai i nā kumu wai e pono ai. ʻO ka nui o nā spinosaurus, kona mau niho koi a me nā ʻōpio ikaika e hōʻike ana a hiki i ka sauropods nui i lilo i mea make: nā spinosaurus i ko lākou ʻāʻī, a ua make koke ka poʻe dinosaurs. ʻO ka paleke ke ʻai nei i ka kalima.
Noho ʻo Spinosaurs a holo liʻiliʻi wale, ʻehā wale nō e pili ana i ka pālua i ka wā moe. Hiki paha i ke kāne ke kūleʻa aku i kekahi.
Kahi helu
Hāʻawi ka spinosaurus i kona inoa i ka ʻohana dinosaur, nā spinosaurids, kahi i hoʻohui pū ʻia iā ia ka baryonyx mai ʻEnelani, ʻo ka irritator a me ka angaturama mai Brazil, ʻo ka zuhomim mai Niger i Central Africa, a hiki paha i ka siamosaurus, ka mea i ʻike ʻia no nā ʻāpana o nā koena ma Thailand. Kokoke ka spinosaurus ma kahi o ka irrigator, he mau niho pololei nō ia, a komo pū kekahi me ka ʻohana Spinosaurinae.
I ka moʻomeheu kaulana
Hōʻike ka nui o nā spinosaurus i ka 2001 Jurassic Park III, kahi i kū mai ai nā mea hana i ke kiʻi ma mua o ka lehulehu ākea e like me ka antagonist nui, ʻoiai ka mea ka mana o ka tyrannosaurus i nā kiʻiʻoniʻoni ʻelua ma mua. I loko o ke kiʻiʻoniʻoni, ua hōʻike ʻia nā spinosaurus a ʻoi aku ka ikaika ma mua o ka tyrannosaurus: i ka hiʻohiʻona, kahi i loko o ke kaua ma waena o nā mea hoʻoholo ʻelua, ʻo ka mea lanakila he spinosaurus, nāna i kāwili i ka ʻāʻī tyrannosaurus. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole hiki i ke kaua kaua ma muli o ka neʻe ʻana o nā ʻaina dinosaur mai nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe a noho i nā manawa like ʻole, akā ua hoʻoholo nā mea hoʻokolohua i loko o ka kiʻiʻoniʻoni e ʻohi i nā dinosaurs i hoʻokahi mokupuni a "hōʻoia i ko lākou ikaika." Ua hoʻoholo paha nā mea kākau o ke kiʻi e ua pau ke kiʻi o ka tyrannosaurus ma mua o ka "villain" koʻikoʻi, a ua koho ʻia kahi spinosaurus e sui no ka mea e ʻike ʻia ai kona ʻano kupaianaha a maikaʻi ʻole, a me kona mau ʻano nui.
Eia kekahi, ʻike ʻia nā spinosaurus i nā kiʻi ʻoniʻoni "The Earth before the Start of the Times XII: Great Bird Day", "Ice Age-3. ʻO Dinosaur Era (Rudy) a me ka hā o ka manawa o ka mana nui o ka Pōʻī.