Welina ʻia ma ka ʻaoʻao 404! ʻAe ʻoe no ka mea ua komo ʻoe i ka ʻaoʻao o kahi ʻaoʻao i ʻole i noho a i ʻole ua neʻe ʻia ʻoe i kekahi ʻaoʻao.
Ua neʻe paha a hoʻopau paha paha i kēia ʻaoʻao āu i noi ai. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hana i kahi typo liʻiliʻi i ka wā e komo ai i ka wahī - e hui pū ʻia kēia me mākou, no laila e nānā pono.
E ʻoluʻolu e hoʻohana i ka palapala hoʻokele a i ʻole paha e ʻimi e ʻike i ka ʻike āu e makemake ai. Inā he nīnau kāu, e kākau i ka luna.
Otter
Otter (lat. Lutra lutra) - he holoholona manu mai ka ʻohana marten, he mea like ʻole i ka hapa nui o kona mau hoahānau ʻāina, ua koho i ka noho semi-aquatic.
Hiki iā ʻoe ke hui iā ia i nā muliwai ulu, nā loko, nā loko a me ke kai kahakai. O kona wahi lulu, holo aku la ia i Europa a me Asia, koe wale no ma North North, a hopu i ka aoao akau o Aferika.
ʻO ke koi nui o ka otter i ka ʻōkele, ʻo ka hele ʻana o nā mea mālama hau hau ʻole, nā loko a me nā mea hoʻi he nui o nā iʻa. Noho kokoke ma ka lawaiʻa, hiki ke hōʻeha nui. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ua hōʻemi ʻia kēia pōpilikia, no ka mea ua emi nui nei ka nui o nā ʻōpū hihiu, ʻoiai nā hana āpau a puni ka honua.
Ka pāpā ʻia aku iā lākou ma kahi mau ʻāina he nui, akā naʻe, ʻaʻole kēia ka mea i kaohi i ka poachers, no ka mea, he ulana maikaʻi loa ka otters, e like me ka mea a me ka puʻukū i ka hulu, ua lawe ʻia ʻo 100%. Hiki i nā huahana mai nā ʻāpana otter ke lawelawe aku ma kahi o kanakolu makahiki, ua lilo ia i kumu no ka luku nui ʻana o kēia mau holoholona kupaianaha.
ʻO ka hau ʻahuʻū, a me ka huluhulu wai me ka lauoho koʻo, akā he ʻano maʻa a palupalu. ʻO nā lole ia e hoʻoluʻolu maoli iā lākou i ka wa o ka wai hau, no ka mea, ʻaʻohe manu momona kēia holoholona he ʻumi.
Mālama ka ʻawaʻawa a me ka ʻauʻau nani. A he mea kānalua ʻole kēia - ʻike ʻia ua kūpono loa kona kino no ka lanakila ʻana i ka wai. ʻO kahi holoholona dexterous a līkika me ke kino lōʻihi o 55 i 95 cm e wikiwiki koke i ka wai i loko o ka wai, a ʻo kahi ʻāpana hapalua a me ka huelo o ka hapalua ka lawelawe ʻana he hoʻokele waiwai. ʻO nā pepeiao pepeiao pōkiki i paʻa ʻia me nā alima kūikawā e laka i ka wehe o ka auditory ma lalo o ka wai.
He poʻo ākea kahi otter, kahi puʻupuʻu pōkole, ākea ākea a me ka lei ākea. ʻAno pōkole nā pōpoki, me nā wāwae pākaha a me nā membrane mokulele ma waena o nā manamana wāwae. I ka manawa like, nā pōkole o nā wāwae mua ma mua o nā wāwae hind, e kōkua ana hoʻi i ka otter e holo maikaʻi. Ma luna o kona poʻo, nā wāwae a me ke kua hoʻi he ʻeleʻeleʻeleʻele a i ʻole kahi ʻulaʻulaʻeleʻele, ua lahilahi kona mau ʻaoʻao a he ʻepaʻu kona ʻōpū.
Mālama ka ʻeleʻele i ka iʻa, aloha nui ʻia i nā mea liʻiliʻi ʻole, kahi e ʻānai ʻia ai me ka pololei i ka wai. Inā hele mai ka mea nui i nā niho o kēia lawaiʻa akamai, e huki ka holoholona i kāna mea ʻona a ʻai i ka momona. I ka wā ma mua, ʻo ia ke koena o ia mau ʻaina i hāʻawi ai i ka poʻe loea i ka noho ʻana o nā poʻe muliwai, ʻoiai ʻo ia e loaʻa i nā nui nui o nā iwi e hoʻopuni piha ʻia i nā lua.
ʻO kahi otter he holoholona pō ia e hūnā ana i kona hale i nā ao o ka lā. ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole ia e like me ka hale o ke ʻano o kahi palaka i kona hale, akā ke maloʻo nui a maluhia hoʻi. Akā ʻaʻole makemake ʻo ia e noho ma kahi hoʻokahi no ka lōʻihi - inā ʻaʻole lawa ka ʻai a inā paʻa koke ka lāʻau kolo a pau, hele aku ka otter i ka ʻāina hou. ʻO ka mahalo, ma ka lā ua hiki iā ia ke lanakila ma mua o 15 km, clumsily e kūleʻe ana i loko o ka hau hau.
I ke kauwela, aneane mau ʻo ia e noho mau nei, no ka mea mahana a hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻokaʻawale i kāu ʻai me nā rodents liʻiliʻi, nā invertebrates, a me nā pelo a me nā ʻeke. A laila e lawe ʻo ia i kāna mau pēpē makapō, aia ma ka ʻōpala hoʻokahi mau a i ka ʻehā. ʻOiai ʻo ka hapai hiki i ka 63 lā mau lā, hiki i ka manawa ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia ka nui o 9 mau mahina, no ka mea ʻehā mau, e like me nā beves, i kekahi manawa he lōʻihi ka lōʻihi.
ʻO ka mahalo, hiki i nā otters ke maʻalahi me ka maʻalahi o ka aʻo i kekahi mau leʻaleʻa leʻaleʻa. Akā, ʻaʻole ʻoe e ʻike iā lākou i loko o ka lepaʻa, no ka mea hiki ʻole ke hoʻomaʻamaʻa i kēia mau holoholona lulu: ke hoʻomohala i kekahi hana a loaʻa i kahi ʻano mālama no ia, hoʻāʻo koke ka otter e like me ka ʻano like ʻole o ka ʻano like ʻole e ke kanaka, hoʻololi i kēlā me kēia ma mua o ka ʻike ʻia.
Kālā
He ʻona a ʻokoʻa nā otter, wahi lōkana o ka'āina. ʻO nā martens āpau, ʻo ia ka mea nui o ka amphibiotic: e noho ana i nā kahawai o nā kahawai, nā loko a me nā wahi moe. Ua hoʻopau 'ia' o Otter i nā mea lawaiʻa ma ke kenekulia 19. I ka makahiki 1946, na minode ia i poachers ma Novoburasky, Hāmilikovsky a me Volsky, i ka makahiki 1948 - Balashovsky a me Bazarno-Karabulaksky. ʻAʻohe ʻikepili pololei ʻole ma luna o kona kaila ʻewekele nei ma ka māhele Saratov. ʻO kēia ma muli o ka mea nui o ka mea nāna e kau a me ka ala huna o ke ola, a me kona ʻano e hoʻololi koke i nā noho ma luna o ka muliwai me ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i nā kumuwaiwai a me nā hopohopo kanaka. ʻO nā hui kaʻawale no kahi ʻoniʻoni i loko o ke kahawai ʻo Khopra, ma nā kahawai Karamansky a me Koshelevsky o ka palena o luna o ka hale kihi o Volgograd. Hiki ke kipa aku ʻo Rare i ka holoholona mai ka mokulele ʻo Voronezh, Samara a me Penza.
Hōʻike Otter
He lālā ʻo Otters i ka ʻohana pua. ^ E Ha yM. He mau ʻiʻo maoli lākou i nā ʻōpua ikaika me nā niho kihi. Mālama kēia hale iā lākou i ka maʻalahi o nā huki i nā mollusks. Loaʻa i nā ʻōpū o ke kai i ka mauʻu i ka wāwae o ko lākou mau wāwae mua, e hoʻopalike ana iā lākou me ka weliweli.
Kāleka
ʻO ke ʻano a me ka nui o nā otters e hilinaʻi pololei i ko lākou ʻano. He lōʻihi nā kahawai wai kahawai, nā wāwae pōkole, nā wāwae manamana pūnaewele, a me nā kāʻei lōʻihi conical. Pono kēia mau lako āpau i ko lākou ola aquatic. Ua uhi ʻia ke kino o ka ʻūkū i ka hulu ʻulaʻula nui ma luna a me ka māmā, me ke kumu kala ma ka ʻōpū. Ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka hulu ʻoi aku i ka lauoho palala a me kahi pālahalaha nui, pālahalaha, a wai kao. Kokoke hoʻomaʻemaʻe mau ʻia nā ʻūhā i ka hulu, no ka mea, ʻo kahi holoholona me ka lauoho eleele e hiki ke make i ka hoʻoilo i ka hoʻoilo. ʻO ka hulu fluffy maʻemaʻe e kōkua i ka mālama mahana, no ka mea, ʻaʻohe ʻiʻo o ka momona i ke kino o otters.
ʻO nā kāne ʻōpio o nā kahawai wai lāʻau he 120 kenimika ka lōʻihi, ʻo ia hoʻi me ka huelo, a he paona ka 9 a hiki i ka 13 kilograms. Ua liʻiliʻi nā kamaʻelima wahine. ʻOi hewa ʻia kekahi ʻila wai no ko lākou ʻano moana. Eia nō naʻe, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā ʻelele a nā ʻelele moana i nā kenimika he 180 paha ka paona a hiki i ka 36 kilograms. Hoʻonohonoho ʻia nā ʻōpū moana i ka wai paʻakai, ʻae lāua i ke kai i kahi hoʻomaha maikaʻi ʻole a me nā keiki. Hiki i nā mea nona ke kahawai ke hele i luna o ka ʻāina no kahi lōʻihi.
Kūleʻa nā ʻeke wai ma nā pali kahawai a i ʻole nā hau kiona, i kekahi manawa ke ʻike ʻoe i nā ʻākiu mai ko lākou mau kino i ka hoʻoilo. Kuhi ʻia kā lākou mau loea i ka ʻaoʻao o nā memes ma ka Pūnaewele, e hoʻomaikaʻi pinepine ʻia mākou. Akā mai poina e hiki ke hoʻopunipuni kēlā ʻano.
ʻActerlelo ola a me ke ʻano
He mea huna hūnā ʻia ka otter. Hoʻolohe ia i ka ʻāina o nā ʻano wai ʻano ʻē aʻe, mai nā kahawai liʻiliʻi a hiki i nā kahe nui, nā lana alpine, nā kahawai kahakai a me nā kahakai kahakai. Eia nō naʻe, pono e loaʻa i nā ʻoka e noho ana ma ke kai o ka moana paʻakai i kekahi mau wahi wai i loko o ka lawaiʻa. Hōʻailona kēlā me kēia kanaka i ko lākou wahi. I loko o ia mea, hiki i kahi otter ke loaʻa i nā wahi hoʻomaha, i kapa ʻia nā ʻala a me nā mea hoʻonaninani lalo - holts, kahi i loaʻa ma kahi mamao (a hiki i 1 km) mai ka muliwai. ʻAʻole kūkulu nā Otters i nā nests. Hāpai lākou i nā palahalaha kūleʻa a i ʻole nāoks i lalo o nā pōhaku a me nā aʻa kumu lāʻau.
He hoihoi! ʻO nā ʻōpū o ka muliwai he mau lā a me ka pō inā ʻaʻole lākou i manaʻo i ka pōʻino a i ʻole ka hele ʻana o kahi mea kokoke. ʻO nā hola e ala i ka ʻala ʻana ma nā hana hoʻomaʻemaʻe, nā mea hānai a me nā pāʻani waho. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia nā ʻoka wai i kēlā me kēia makahiki holoʻokoʻa, ma ka manawa, neʻe mau nei lākou. ʻO ka wahine wale nō e hānai ai i nā keiki.
E nānā i nā otters, pono ʻoe e noho mālie i kahi wahi i hoʻokiʻekiʻe ʻia ma luna o ka wai. Pono e loaʻa i ka kuhi nānā ke ʻike ʻia mai ka mea nānā i ka wai. He maʻaleʻa nā kahawai wai, loaʻa ka lohe maikaʻi a me ke ʻano o ka honi, akā e pōkole ana lākou i ka ʻike a hiki ʻole ke ʻike ʻia ka mea nānā inā he ʻano ʻole. ʻOiai ʻo ke ʻano maikaʻi maikaʻi o ka holoholona, mai hakakā no kahi hālāwai kokoke. ʻOiai ʻaʻole lākou e hōʻeuʻeu i ka poʻe, ʻaʻole hiki ke wānana ke ʻano o ka wahine me nā pēpē.
Nā ʻ Otlelo Otters
Aia ma kahi o 12 mau otters. ^ E Ha yM. He 13 o lākou a hiki i ke kaʻina o ke kahawai Japanese Otter ua hoʻopau ʻia i ka makahiki 2012. Noho kēia mau holoholona i nā wahi āpau koe wale ʻo Australia a me Antarctica. ʻO kekahi o lākou he wai maoli, e like me nā otters kai e noho ana ma ka Moana Pakipika.
A hoʻolimalima kekahi i nā hapalua o ko lākou manawa ma ka ʻāina, e like me ke ʻūlū nui e noho ana i nā ululāʻau ʻōpiopio o ʻAmelika Hema. ʻAi lākou a pau i nā iʻa, nā iʻa, nā lobsters a me nā holoholona liʻiliʻi i loaʻa ma ke kapakai. Pāʻau pinepine ʻia nā kānaka nunui i nā piranhas, a ʻo nā mea āpau i ʻike ʻia ua hopu ʻia ma kā lākou mea pio.
ʻO ka ʻokiʻoki liʻiliʻi he East or Sh Shairair. He nani kēia holoholona nani, hoʻowalewale i ke kaupaona ʻana ma mua o ka 4 mau kilima. Noho ka ʻona ʻterslelo i loko o nā ʻohana ʻohana o 6 a 12 paha. Ua loaʻa iā lākou ma nā ʻāina me nā kahawai o nā loko a me nā muliwai ma ka hema o Asia, akā ua emi kā lākou helu ʻana i ka nalo o ko lākou wahi kūlohelohe.
ʻO ka ʻeka ʻehā, ua ʻike ʻia ʻo Eurasian a maʻamau paha. Kuhi pinepine kēia mau holoholona i hiki ke noho ma ka pā nui o nā huahana, ʻokoʻa ka ʻano like ʻole i ka iʻa a hiki i ka pu. Hiki iā lākou ke loaʻa ma loko o ʻEulopa, ma nā wahi he nui o Asia, a me nā ʻāpana o ʻApelika North. Pau kēia mau ʻoka. Ua ikaika lākou i ka lā a me ke pō, a ua ʻimi i ka wai a ma ka ʻāina.
ʻO nā ʻehā nunui ka lōʻihi, e hele ana i 214 mau kenimika ma ka hūnā ʻole i ka huelo a me ka 39 kilona o ke kaupaona. ʻO kēia mau otters nā mea ola ʻimiʻuku a loaʻa i ke ʻano like me nā ʻīlio. Loaʻa i kā lākou mau hui liʻiliʻi kahi hui alfa, ʻo ia wale nō ka mea e hoʻopuka ai i ka hua. Huli pū lākou i nā paea, pepehi a ʻai i ka caimans, nā mōʻī a me nā anacondas. Akā ka ʻano nui o ka meaʻai he iʻa.
ʻO ke kumu kumu o ka meaʻai he iʻa, invertebrates a me nā mammals liʻiliʻi. I ka manawa aia lilo nā pīpī. ʻO kēia kahi o nā ʻōpala e makemake e holo ma nā puʻu hau. Ke lanakila nui nei ka moana otter. Hiki i kahi kāne ʻelima a hiki i ka 45 kilokilo ke kaupaona. ʻO kēia kekahi ʻuhane kupaianaha e noho nei ma ka Moana Pakipika.
He hoihoi! ʻO ka ʻ Americanlelo ʻĀkau ʻĀkau ʻĀkau i holoholona he 90 a 12 paha kenimika lōʻihi mai ka ihu a i ka huelo a hiki i ka 18 kilograms. Ma ka maʻamau ke noho nei lākou ma nā hui liʻiliʻi, liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi.
Lanakila ʻaʻano moana e loaʻa i ke kai. ʻO lākou kekahi i ka ʻai, ke kau ʻana ma ko lākou kua i ka ʻeha o kā lākou ʻōpū e like me ka pā. Ke hoʻohana nei kēia mau holoholona i nā pōhaku liʻiliʻi mai lalo e wehe i nā kinipona o nā mollusks, kahi hōʻailona nei o ka ʻike kiʻekiʻe.
ʻO Habitat, noho
Hiki i ke kaona o ka otter ke piʻi no kekahi mau mile. ^ E Ha yM. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka laulima e hilinaʻi ana i ka loaʻa o ka meaʻai. Ua manaʻo ʻia aia ke loaʻa o nā wahi liʻiliʻi loa i nā kahakai, hiki lākou i 2 km. Loaʻa nā wahi lōʻihi i nā palena ma nā kahawai alpine, kahi e noho ai nā kānaka ma kahi o 20 mau wahi i kahi kanaka e noho ai no ka meaʻai. ʻOi aku ka ʻāina o nā kāne, ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o nā wahine. I kekahi manawa intersect a lākou. Ka heluna heluna o kahi heluna he 10,000 he pakeke.
Hiki i nā wahi noho kaʻawale ke hoʻohana i nā noho he nui. Noho lākou i nā pihi kūlohelohe o nā pōhaku, nā nooks i nā aʻa o nā lāʻau e ulu ana ma kapa o nā kahawai a me nā loko. ʻO kēia mau nike kūlohelohe he mau kikowaena ʻike ʻole ʻia mai waho e hōʻoia ai ka palekana o nā holoholona. ʻAʻole kūkulu nā Otters i nā nest, akā hiki iā ia ke noho i nā hale noho i hoʻokaʻawale a nā ʻūlū. He hale hoʻomaha kekahi i ka ʻĀtere - aia kahi mamao i nā mea kanu koʻikoʻi i mamao o ka wai. He pono no nā hihia o nā kaila wai.
Meaʻai ʻona
ʻO nā ʻōpū otters nā mea kūpono kūpono e ʻai ai i nā meaʻai like ʻole, akā ʻo ka hapa nui. ʻO ka maʻamau, ʻai lākou i nā iʻa liʻiliʻi e neʻe ai, e like me ke kalapu, nā minnows lepo. Eia naʻe, ke ʻimi nui nei nā otters i nā salmon spawning, e holo lōʻihi ana ma hope ona.
He hoihoi! Kahe ka wai i ka ʻoka a me ka assimilate i ka ʻai a holo ka ʻaina holoʻokoʻa ma waena o nā ʻāpana i loko o hoʻokahi hola.
ʻAi ʻia hoʻi ka ʻōpū o ka wai wai i nā kūmole wai, nānaka, nānaka, nā ʻōpio, nā pīpī wai nui, nā manu (ka nui a ʻeha a i nā ʻūlio a iʻa), nā hua manu, nā hua iʻa a me nā mammals liʻiliʻi (muskrats, mice, young beavers). I ka hopena o ka hoʻoilo, e hoʻohaʻahaʻa ka lalo o ka wai ma lalo o ka wai i loko o nā wai a me nā loko i waiho ʻia, kahi waiho ʻana o kahi ea e hiki ai i nā ʻāpana o ke kahawai ke holo pololei a huli i ka wai.
Pahu a keiki
ʻOiai hiki i nā otters ke hoʻohālikelike i kēlā me kēia manawa o ka makahiki, hana ka hapanui i kēia i ke kōkō a i ke kauwela mua paha. ʻO ka wahine me ke kōkua o nā hōʻailona ʻona e hōʻailona i nā kāne e pili ana i ka mākaukau no ka ʻaomoe.
Noho ke ʻōpū ma kahi o ʻelua mahina, ma hope o ka hānau ʻia he lula o nā kū. ʻElua mau ʻelua a ʻekolu mau pēpē i loko o ka pale lāʻau, akā ʻelima ua hōʻike ʻia. ʻO 2 mau mahina ʻē aʻe, ma mua o ke kūʻokoʻa ʻana o nā pēpē, huki nā makuahine iā lākou ma waena o nā hale. E noho mau ka ʻōpio ʻōpio i loko o ka ʻohana ʻohana no ʻehā mau hola a i ʻole paha ma mua o ka palu ʻana e hana i ko lākou ʻohana.
Nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe
Ke hoʻohana nei nā moana otters i ko lākou wikiwiki a me ka wikiwiki no ka pale ʻana. ^ E Ha yM. ʻOi aku ka nui o nā ʻano kahawai, ʻoiai inā ma ka ʻāina. ʻO ka ʻoi aku nā holoholona ʻōpiopio (nā pēpē, nā ʻīlio hihiu, nā hui a me nā bea) ʻoi aku nā holoholona ʻōpio.
Eia kekahi, hopu ka poʻe i nā ʻōpena o ka muliwai e hoʻokele i ka lehulehu o ka iʻa i loko o nā loko pilikino a me nā mea huki manuahi, e pale ai i ka hōʻino i ka waiwai pilikino Loaʻa no ka hulu o kēia mea hana. ʻO nā hopena nui loa i ka pā nui o ka otter ka nui o ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka wai wai ma muli o ke kīpē ʻana a me ka hiapo ʻana o ka lepo, a me nā loli i ka hale o nā kahawai wai ma kahi o nā hoʻololi.
Ke ʻano o ka noho ʻana a me nā ʻano
I kēia lā ma kahi nahelehele, aia ma kahi o 3,000 Kaleponi o nā kai ʻalakai a me nā 168,000 Alaskania a me nā kai ʻalani Russian. ʻO ka heluna o nā ʻĀpana Irlandia e noho kū nei i kahi paʻa loa ma ʻEulopa.
He hoihoi! Aia kekahi mau hōʻike pili, ma hope o ka hoʻokō ʻana i nā loina nūhou mua, i ka emi ʻana o ka hōʻaiʻe o kēia ʻano mea i ʻike ʻia i ka makahiki 1980.
Manaʻo ia e ulu ʻia nā kumu o kēia kūlohelohe e ka ʻike ʻana i nā wahi mālama i mālama ʻia, e hoʻokō nei i nā loiloi kūloko a me nā loiloi koʻikoʻi. ʻO nā mea e pili ana i ka nui o ka otter i kēia manawa ʻo ia ka nele o nā meaʻai i kā lākou wahi a me ka hoʻolako ʻana i nā wahi ʻoliʻoli a me nā papa hoʻopono.
Nā hiʻohiʻona a me ke ʻano hana
Ma ka ʻaoʻao komohana o ka māhele Saratov, noho nui ka ʻūlako i nā kaona ʻona nui i ka iʻa, me nā waihona kālā i uhi ʻia e ka nui māla. Ma ke kahawai, koho i nā wahi me nā whirlpool i ʻole e hoʻokuʻu ʻole i ka hoʻoilo, a hehi ʻia nā pali kahakai e holoi ʻia e ka wai a hoʻopuni ʻia me kahi alaniani. Ma ka maʻamau o nā biotopes he nui nā wahi hilinaʻi hilinaʻi a me nā wahi no ka hana ʻana o nā pua.ʻO nā hana nui a pau o ka otter e hele mai ma kahi wailū liʻiliʻi - ma kahi o 100 m ma kēlā me kēia kahakai, kahi ʻāina noho kūʻokoʻa kahi he 12 a 300 heka. He mea maʻamau ʻole ia i nā loko wai a me nā loko wai.
ʻO ka otter e hoʻoikaika nui ʻia i ka pō, i ka hoʻoilo ma ke ao ao hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike ia i ke ao. Hiki iā ia ke noho ʻia a noho i nā hale noho nui. Ma ka ʻāina, ua maʻalahi ka ʻawaʻawa a me ka awkward; i ka wai ua wikiwiki a hoʻomāhuʻu.
ʻO ka maʻamau o ka otter i loko o ka hale noho kahi paʻa paʻa mau a me nā wahi paʻa. Ua hōʻoluʻolu ʻia ʻo Nora, e like me ka mea lula, ma ka waihona wai mākaʻe wai. Aia ka ʻaoʻao nui ma lalo o ka wai, a me ka lumi noho, aia, ke kū nei i loko o ka pali kahakai i kēlā kiʻekiʻe ma luna o ka wai i ka wā e kahe ka wai o ka punahele, e hoʻomau mau ana ia i ka wā inu. Ke hele nei kahi wili hoʻoili ma luna o ka honua mai ke keena o ka lumi. ʻO ka lumi ke noho ma ka lau mau a maloʻo paha moss.
ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona o ka hoʻohālikelike i ka ʻāina Saratov i ʻike maikaʻi ʻole, akā, ʻo nā manaʻo nui a pau e pili ana i ka hana hou ʻana e hana like ma nā ʻano like me nā wahi ʻē aʻe o ka pae. Hōʻike ka make i Pepeluali - Malaki, noho mau ka hapai i 9-10 mau hebedoma, me kahi manawa e neʻe nei, hoʻonui ka lōʻihi i nā lā 270 mau lā. Loaʻa nā kōkī ma ka litter 2-4. Ma kahi mau wahi i māhele ʻia ʻo ka māhele o Lūkini ma kāna ala, ʻike ʻia nā hihia o ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana o ka makahiki, a laila ʻike ʻia nā pēpē i kēlā me kēia manawa o ka makahiki.
Ke alakaʻi nei ka otter i kahi ola semi-aquatic, no laila loaʻa pinepine ka meaʻai i ka wai. Hoʻohana nui ia ma nā iʻa liʻiliʻi: ke kalaiwa cross, pike, roach, a me nā bipi. I ka hoʻoilo, ʻai ʻo ia i nā rana, ka mea āna e ʻimi nei i nā lua hoʻoilo. Eia kekahi, hopu ʻo ia i ka crayfish, hōʻeuʻeu i nā pika a me nā mea mālama mai lalo mai o ka wai, hānai i nā koʻi caddis a me nā invertebrates wai ʻole, a ma ka kahakai ʻo ia ka mea hopohopo i nā kiʻī like me nā kiʻi (nā puʻu wai, nā nāhelehele wao, nā lua ʻulaʻula).
Ke kaupalena nei i nā ʻano a me ke kūlana
Kuhi ʻia nā subspecies i loko o ka Red Book o ka māhele Saratov. Ke kūlana palekana: 1 - kahi lōlō helu ʻole loa, weliweli me ka helu helu haʻahaʻa loa a me kahi ʻano hoʻonaninani-spatial-temporal o ka pae, kahi i hoʻoweliweli ʻia e ka make. ʻAʻole ʻike ka ʻike helu kālā mo ka māhele Saratov. Aia hoʻi, ma nā awāwa o nā kahawai o Don basin, ʻelua paha a ʻekolu mau kenekulia ka nui, ʻike ʻia nā noho ʻihi he nui i loko o ke kahe o ka ʻaoʻao o ka panawai o Volgograd, ma ka ʻaoʻao o nā kahe o Volga i laila kekahi mau poʻe i hana pinepine i nā neʻe mai hoʻokahi kula wai i kekahi.
Noi ʻia ʻo ka ʻae e pili ana i ka hōʻai manu he nui. Ua hoʻopau ʻia kēlā no ka hulu maikaʻi loa a me ka hulu ʻē aʻe, ka mea i kāhea ʻia i loko o ka ʻoihana hulu ua lawe ʻia ʻo ia he 100%. I kēia mau lā, ma muli o ka helu liʻiliʻi a me nā mea i hana ʻia e pale aku ai i ka hopu ʻai ʻia no nā ʻōpio i ka ʻāina. Eia nō naʻe, hiki paha i ka make, i loko ʻole i ka ʻapena lawaiʻa, i loko o ka pahele a iʻa paha i kau ʻia ma nā holoholona kokoke i ka wai. ʻO nā mea maikaʻi ʻē aʻe e hōʻemi ana i ka nui o nā ʻĀina a me ka hōʻemi ʻana i kona hoʻoilina e komo i ka haunaele o nā noho ʻana ma o ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka kahe o ka kahawai a me ka hanaʻino ʻana o nā ka nahele kapakai. He mea koʻikoʻi loa ia no ka mea nāna e loaʻa ka nui o ka iʻa i loko o kahi kōʻai, no laila ke kaohi ʻana o nā iʻa i hiki ʻole i kahi ʻāpana e noho ai i ka hapa nui o nā muliwai ma ia wahi.
Nā koho ʻē aʻe:
Kālehu o nā loko a me nā māla Ostapenko
VIP pond "Pohaku keʻokeʻo"
Hoʻolaha ka hana leʻaleʻa Tale
ʻO ka pāʻu loko Podgornovsky
E hōʻuluʻulu i ka māla "Golden Carp"
Elshansky ka pūnāwai o nā loko
Kolepa Papa Nui
Hale Kahuli Nui
E noʻonoʻo me ka. Alexandrovka
ʻO nā holoholona o ka māhele Saratov
ʻO ka hau ʻahuʻū, a me ka huluhulu wai me ka lauoho koʻo, akā he ʻano maʻa a palupalu. ʻO nā lole ia e hoʻoluʻolu maoli iā lākou i ka wa o ka wai hau, no ka mea, ʻaʻohe manu momona kēia holoholona he ʻumi.
Mālama ka ʻawaʻawa a me ka ʻauʻau nani. A he mea kānalua ʻole kēia - ʻike ʻia ua kūpono loa kona kino no ka lanakila ʻana i ka wai. ʻO kahi holoholona dexterous a līkika me ke kino lōʻihi o 55 i 95 cm e wikiwiki koke i ka wai i loko o ka wai, a ʻo kahi ʻāpana hapalua a me ka huelo o ka hapalua ka lawelawe ʻana he hoʻokele waiwai. Kaumaha ke kaupaona ana ma kahi o 6 a 10 paona. ʻAʻole momona ka ʻili o ka holoholona i ka nui, akā ua hoʻolako ʻia i nā ʻāpana he nui. ʻO nā ʻāpana hope o ka huelo he nui ka hōʻuluʻulu ʻana o ka ʻili kolagia e pono ai no ka ʻohi ʻana o ka momona. ʻO nā pepeiao pepeiao pōkiki i paʻa ʻia me nā alima kūikawā e laka i ka wehe o ka auditory ma lalo o ka wai.
He poʻo ākea kahi otter, kahi puʻupuʻu pōkole, ākea ākea a me ka lei ākea. ʻAno pōkole nā pōpoki, me nā wāwae pākaha a me nā membrane mokulele ma waena o nā manamana wāwae. I ka manawa like, nā pōkole o nā wāwae mua ma mua o nā wāwae hind, e kōkua ana hoʻi i ka otter e holo maikaʻi. Ma luna o kona poʻo, nā wāwae a me ke kua hoʻi he ʻeleʻeleʻeleʻele a i ʻole kahi ʻulaʻulaʻeleʻele, ua lahilahi kona mau ʻaoʻao a he ʻepaʻu kona ʻōpū. Ua emi iki ke kapa o ke kauwela ma kahi o ke kauwela hoʻoilo, akā ʻaʻole i loli ka lole. ʻO ka hoʻonohonoho kūikawā o ka lāhule e hiki ai i ka ua hauter ke pohō i ka wai.
Mālama ka ʻeleʻele i ka iʻa, aloha nui ʻia i nā mea liʻiliʻi ʻole, kahi e ʻānai ʻia ai me ka pololei i ka wai. Inā hele mai ka mea nui i nā niho o kēia lawaiʻa akamai, e huki ka holoholona i kāna mea ʻona a ʻai i ka momona. I ka wā ma mua, ʻo ia ke koena o ia mau ʻaina i hāʻawi ai i ka poʻe loea i ka noho ʻana o nā poʻe muliwai, ʻoiai ʻo ia e loaʻa i nā nui nui o nā iwi e hoʻopuni piha ʻia i nā lua. E makemake ana ka otter i nā iʻa liʻiliʻi i ka iʻa nui, ke hopu ikaika iā ia i ka palaoa i nā wahi o ka spawning. I ka hoʻoilo, ʻai nui i nā rana, kūpono maʻamau - nā lālani caddis. I ke kauwela, he keu i ka iʻa, hopu i ka limulu wai a me nā rodents ʻē aʻe, a ma nā wahi e hānai pinepine ia i nā pena a me nā pika. ʻO nā mea ʻōʻī, ʻo ia kekahi mau manu, nā manu a me nā mea hao ʻē aʻe. Eia kekahi, hiki iā ia ke ʻai i nā meaʻai kanu.
ʻO ka pale kahi e pale ʻia a ʻike ʻole ʻia e kekahi nā mink, ke komo a ke wai ma lalo o ka wai. Eia nō kekahi, ʻo ka minks i hoʻomoʻi me ka mauʻu a me nā lau i loko, ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, ʻelua mau komo a me nā hopena. Hoʻopili kekahi i kona ʻānela i nā ana, a i ʻole like me ka nalo, i nā mākuhi kokoke i ka wai. Pale ka ʻeke a me ka dives maikaʻi, a ma lalo o ka wai e hiki ke noho a hiki i 5 mau minuke. Ma mua o ke hele ʻana i ka uka, nānā maikaʻi nā otter a nānā i kahi, a maʻamau e waiho i ka puka mau me nā lālā a i ʻole nā pua.
Mahalo i ka uluʻana o ka otter, paʻakikī hiki ke haʻo iā ia iho, mai ka ulu ʻana o ka loli wikiwiki. Holo maikaʻi lākou i loko o ka wai lepo, e hoʻoholo ana i kahi o nā iʻa me kā lākou antennae anuanu. Eia naʻe, e hiki i ka pahuhopu, lawe ka otter i ka nui o ka ikaika. Hoʻokahi wale nō o nā ho'āʻo ʻekolu. Ma mua o ka ʻai ʻana i kāna pio, e ʻoluʻolu wale ʻia ʻo ia me ia, e hōʻoiaʻiʻo nei i ka hilinaʻi o ka otter. Ke hoʻomau nei, hiki i ka ʻakaʻī ke moe e hiamoe.
ʻO kahi otter he holoholona pō ia e hūnā ana i kona hale i nā ao o ka lā. ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole ia e like me ka hale o ke ʻano o kahi palaka i kona hale, akā ke maloʻo nui a maluhia hoʻi. Akā ʻaʻole makemake ʻo ia e noho ma kahi hoʻokahi no ka lōʻihi - inā ʻaʻole lawa ka ʻai a inā paʻa koke ka lāʻau kolo a pau, hele aku ka otter i ka ʻāina hou. ʻO ka mahalo, ma ka lā ua hiki iā ia ke lanakila ma mua o 15 km, clumsily e kūleʻe ana i loko o ka hau hau.
I ke kauwela, aneane mau ka noho ʻana, ʻo ka "Pūnaewele pilikino" hoʻokahi o ka otter kahi ʻāpana o ka muliwai mai ka 2 a 18 km ka lōʻihi a ma kahi o 100 m hohonu i ke kahakai. He manuā nui nā Otters, a i kekahi manawa make wai. Maalea weliweli a lele.
E hele ana a puni kona kahua, e neʻe ka holoholona i ka papa, holo wale i ka manawa. Ua hoʻopiʻi i ka ʻaha wai, ka iho ʻana a iho i lalo, a hoʻoulu a hoʻoulu ʻia e ka ʻāina. ʻO kēia holoholona akamai, e piʻi ana i ke kahakai e neʻe ana i ke kahakai, e hōʻoki pinepine ana i ke ala, e kahe ana i nā kuʻekuʻe ma nā wahi paʻa. Hāʻawi ʻia kēlā me kēia alahele o kēlā me ke neʻina holo e hōʻike ʻia e kahi ala maikaʻi i hala e holo ai ka otter, me ka hana ʻole. I ka hiki ʻana i ka wai, holo koke ʻo ka holoholona i loko o ka wai, a mai ka uka mai ka neʻe ʻana e kahe wale ʻana i kona ʻōpū.
He kahawai otter, he holoholona polygamous, ʻaʻole ia i pili i hoʻokahi hoa. Hōʻalo nā ʻōpūʻeke i ka hālāwai me kēlā me kēia, koe wale nō ke minamina o nā holoholona. ʻAʻohe o Otters i kahi wā moe, maʻamau i ka lā Malaki-ʻApelila. Akā ma lalo o nā kūlana kime, hiki iā lākou ke puaʻa a puni ka makahiki āpau a puni. I kēia manawa, lilo nā ʻalu i mea pāʻani. Akā i ka wā o nā pāʻani, ʻo ka mea liʻiliʻi loa e kiaʻi nui a nānā iā lākou i ke kaiāulu. Hoʻokomo pinepine ʻo Males i nā hakakā no ka pono i ka wahine.
I ka manawa hana, hoʻopili nui nā otters i kekahi me kekahi. Pā pinepine ka hele ʻana i ka wai. ʻElua mau malama ma hope aku, hoʻomaka ka wahine e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i kona home, e hoʻomākaukau ana iā ia no ke ʻano o nā pēpē. Ua hāmele ʻo ia i ka lepo a hōhā i kona lua. Hānau ka wahine i nā keiki ma kahi o 63 mau lā, ʻoiai ka piha piha ka 270 mau lā. Hānau ʻia kahi wahine hānai no 2 a 4 mau keiki.
ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka pēpē e like me 10 a 18 cm me ke koʻikoʻi o ke kino he 77-133 g. I ka wā hānau, ʻike ʻole nā otters liʻiliʻi i kekahi mea. Ka maka o nā maka i nā lā 9-10. Pahu nani ka ʻōpio uʻi, akā makaʻu kekahi kekahi i ka wai, a huki nā makuahine iā lākou mai ka ʻāina i ka wai.
Maanei, hahai nā keiki i ko lākou makuahine, e aʻo ana i kahi e hopu ai, ma kahi e loaʻa ai kahi malu, kahi e holo wikiwiki ai ka wai a me kahi lemu. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa mau, hoʻomaʻamaʻa nā cubs i ka wai a ʻaʻole makaʻu i ka ʻaʻe a me ka ʻauʻau ʻana. Kūpono nā lālā pākani i ʻelua mau makahiki ʻekolu o ko lākou ola. Ke hiki i kēia manawa, hiki iā lākou ke loaʻa i kā lākou poʻe mamo.
ʻO ka mahalo, hiki i nā otters ke maʻalahi me ka maʻalahi o ka aʻo i kekahi mau leʻaleʻa leʻaleʻa. Akā, ʻaʻole ʻoe e ʻike iā lākou i loko o ka lepaʻa, no ka mea hiki ʻole ke hoʻomaʻamaʻa i kēia mau holoholona lulu: ke hoʻomohala i kekahi hana a loaʻa i kahi ʻano mālama no ia, hoʻāʻo koke ka otter e like me ka ʻano like ʻole o ka ʻano like ʻole e ke kanaka, hoʻololi i kēlā me kēia ma mua o ka ʻike ʻia.
Loaʻa ka ola ola o kahi otter i loko o ke ʻano he 10 mau makahiki.