ʻAʻole hoʻokahi paʻi hoʻolaha nūhou ma ka honua nei i paʻi i nā poʻo kiʻekiʻe o kēia kumuhana:
Aia nā mea aia ma ke kai e ʻike iā Shakespeare.
Mālama ʻo Shark: ʻike nā kānaka ʻepekema i ola nā pika ʻo Greenland no 400-500 mau makahiki.
Ua loaʻa i nā kānakaʻepekema kahi vertebrate lōʻihi loa.
ʻO ka shark ʻo 400 ka makahiki he 400 a ola e noho ana i ka wai anuanu o Greenland.
Hāpai nā lawaiʻa i kahi maki i lōʻihi i hānau ʻia ma ka manawa o Ivan the Terrible.
Ua hōʻike ka poʻe ʻepekema i ka hiki o nā holoholona kahiko loa o ka lewa.
ʻO kēia iho, i hopu ʻia e nā ʻepekema, ke noho mau nei ma lalo o Columbus.
Hiki ke ola ʻoi loa nā ola ʻo Greenland polar i nā makahiki 500.
Ua loaʻa i ka poʻe noiʻi i nā holoholona kahiko loa i ka honua.
ʻO nā puhikā Greenland polar, e hiki ana i ka wā o ka wā pubili i ka makahiki o 150, e kau ana i kahi mooolelo hou no ka lōʻihi o ke ola inā hiki i ka poʻe olaola ke hoʻomohala i kahi ala no ka hoʻoholo ʻana i kā lākou makahiki.
ʻO ka mea manaʻo o kēia lono ʻonaʻumi - kahi ʻano kīhī o kahi hiō Greenland - ua hānau ʻia, e like me nā loea Kūkākūkā, i ka wā aupuni o James I. He ʻōpio ʻo ia nō kona wā ʻōpio, aʻo Rene Descartes i kau i ka pepa ma kāna mau kānāwai ma ka ʻemekika a me ka makemakika, ua ʻā ke ahi nui o Ladana i nā mea āpau. ikaika, piʻi ʻo George II i ka noho aliʻi a hoʻomaka ka Revolution Revolution.
A hiki paha i nā makahiki o Christopher Columbus, i make i ka makahiki 1506.
Ua pakele kēia makō i ke kaua ʻelua. Noho ʻo nā ʻelima o kāna ʻano no ka makahiki 400 mau makahiki, ʻoiai nā wahine ka wahine i kū i ka hiki ke ola.
Hōʻike ka mea i loaʻa i ka nīnau no ke kūkā ʻana i ke ola o ka mea he Greenland shark kūpono ʻole. A pau kēia, ua lanakila ʻoi aku ʻo ia ma kahi he elepana kahiko kahiko loa - ʻo Lin Wang ka mea i make ma ka makahiki he 86.
ʻOi aku ka nui o kona mau makahiki ma mua o ka palapala kūkala no kahi kāne i hoʻonohonoho ʻia e ka Frenchwoman ʻo 122 mau makahiki (Jeanne Louise Kalman).
E hoʻopau ʻo ia i kona ola ma ke ʻano he vertebrate kahiko loa, "wahi a Julius Nielsen, alakaʻi kumu o ke aʻo ʻana ma ke Kulanui o Copenhagen, a e kuhikuhi ana ua ʻike ʻia nā koholā e ʻike ʻia e ola ana ma mua o 211 mau makahiki.
ʻAʻole kēlā e lawe i ka Hiu Greenland a pau i kāna mau mea aloha. Ua ola ʻo Ming i ke ola lōʻihi loa, ka mollusk Islande, i hōʻea i nā makahiki 507 i mua o ka hiki ʻana o nā mea ʻepekema.
ʻO Grey, mālama maikaʻi a ulu mau i ka lōʻihi (ʻoi aku paha ma mua o 6 mau mika me ke kaumaha o ka 1 ton), ʻo ka māka ʻo Greenland kekahi o nā mea nui o ka honua.
Ua hōʻike ʻia ma lalo o hoʻokahi kenimita ma kāna kumukūʻai. Ua ʻike ʻia ʻo ia nā pōpoki ola lōʻihi i kēia mau pōpoki, akā pehea ka lōʻihi o ke ola o lākou he mea huna.
Ua hoʻāʻo ʻo nā mea noiʻi moana no ka hoʻoholo ʻana o ka makahiki a me ka lōʻihi o nā ʻikepā o Greenland no nā makahiki he mau makahiki, akā ʻaʻole naʻe he mea e pono ai, wahi a Stephen Campana, he loea i nā hiwa mai ke University of Islandy. - I ka hāʻawi ʻana o kēia mango i kahi kanaka pōpilikia (ʻo ke aliʻi o ka hale ʻai) i ka wai o ka ʻAliki, ʻaʻole maopopo he mea ʻike ʻole mākou i ke ola a ola kēia iwakālua 20 mau makahiki a 1000 paha.
Ua ʻike mua ʻia ka ʻākaka Greenland ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka wai mai ka moku noiʻi ʻo Sanna ma Northern Greenland.
ʻ sayslelo aku ʻo Julius Nielsen he hōʻailona mua loa kēia o ka lōʻihi o ke ola o kēia mau mea ola.
Manaʻo mākou e hana nei mākou me kahi holoholona ʻokoʻa, akā ʻo ka mea maoli ka ʻelemakule kahiko loa he kāhāhā maoli no mākou!
ʻO kēia, ʻo ia ka mea e hōʻike iā mākou he meaʻokoʻa kēia a pono e noʻonoʻo ʻia ʻo ia ka holoholona kahiko ma ka honua.
ʻO ke wikiō ka lōʻihi lōʻihi o ka pae i ka honua:
ʻO ka paʻi i ka puke nūʻike ʻepekema kaulana ʻo Science (ʻAukake 2016) o Nielsen a me kāna hui āpau o nā kānaka noiʻi (poʻe loea mai UK, Denmark a me USA) wehewehe ʻia pehea lākou i hoʻoholo ai i ka makahiki o 28 wahine Greenland polar sharks i ka wā noiʻi ʻepekema ma waena o 2010 a 2013 . ^ E Ha yM.
Ka mea i hiki ke hoʻoholo ʻia ka makahiki o ka nui o nā iʻa e ka helu ʻana i ka ulu o nā papala o ka calcium carbonate - "nā pōhaku" i loko o ka pepeiao. Hoʻohālike i kēia ʻano aʻoaʻo me ke helu ʻana i nā apo lima ma kahi lāʻau.
O ka paʻakikī o ka noiʻi ʻana, ʻaʻole i loaʻa nā pōhaku like ʻole. Akā nā hapa ʻona o ka Greenland i nele i nā ʻili momona e like me ka calcium a me nā ʻāpana ʻōpili.
Eia kekahi, ua hilinaʻi ka hui noiʻi i nā ala like ʻole, no ka laʻana, ka ʻike ʻana o nā manamana o ka maka.
Aia ka lens o ka maka i nā protein e hōʻuluʻulu ana i ka manawa, a ʻo nā protein i waenakonu o ka maka, i hana ʻia i loko o ka ʻōpū i ka ʻōpū o ka embryo a noho mau i loko o ke ola o ka iʻa.
Ke koho nei i ka lā o ka loaʻa ʻana o kēia mau pahuhopu i hiki i nā poʻe loea e hoʻokumu i ka makahiki o ka iho.
I mea e hoʻoholo ai i ka wā i hoʻokumu ʻia ai nā ʻōmua, huli ke ʻepekema i ka male ʻana i ka radiocarbon - kahi ʻano e hoʻokumu ʻia ana i ka hoʻoholo ʻana i nā pae o kekahi ʻano o ke kalapona ma ka mea, ʻike ʻia ʻo carbon-14, ka mea e hoʻomāhuahua i ka radioactive decay ma mua o ka manawa.
Ke hoʻohana nei i kēia ʻano hana i ka wā e hana pū ai me nā protein i ke kikowaena o kēlā me kēia lens, ua hoʻomohala ʻia e nā kānakaʻepekema kahi mau makahiki he nui no kēlā me kēia mango.
A laila ua hoʻohana nā ʻepekema i ka "ʻaoʻao ʻaoʻao" o nā hoʻokolohua pila i hana ʻia i ka makahiki 1950: i ke kī ʻana o nā pōpoki, ua hoʻonui lākou i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka carbon-14 i ka lewa.
ʻO ke kinikona carbon-14 ua komo i ka ʻoihana kai kai ma ka ʻAmelika Hikina ma mua o ka 1960.
Hāʻawi kēia iā mākou i nā manawa kūpono, wahi a Nielsen. "Makemake wau e ʻike i kahi e ʻike ai au i ka huaʻōlelo i loko o kaʻu mako, a he aha ka manawa i manaʻo ai: aia paha he 50 a 10 paha kona mau makahiki?"
Ua ʻike ʻia ʻo Nielsen a me kāna hui kā isē ka palekana o nā manamana o nā maniki ʻelua o lākou, ʻo 28 ka mākaka Greenland, i loaʻa ka nui o carbon-14, hōʻike ʻia i hānau ʻia ma hope o nā makahiki 1960.
Eia naʻe ke kolu o nā lua puho liʻiliʻi, hōʻike i kahi kiʻekiʻe carbon-14 iʻoi aʻe loa ma mua o 25 o nā heihei nui. E hōʻike ana paha ua hānau ʻia ʻo ia ma ka makahiki 1960, i ka wā i hoʻomaka ai ke komo ʻana o nā mea pālepona ma ke kinipōpō i ka carbon-14.
Ma hope o nā huakaʻi lōʻihi, hoʻi ka pali o Greenland i ka wai hohonu a me ka wai o ka Wummannak fjord ma ke komohana ʻākau o Greenland (ʻo nā ʻaka ua lilo nā hua a me ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i ka papahana no ka poʻe nui i ka wā ma Noremani a me Greenland).
Ua hōʻike ʻia kēia no ka hapanui o kā mākou hiaka i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma mua o 50 mau makahiki he nui, "i ʻōlelo ai ʻo Nielsen.
Ua hoʻohui pū nā ʻepekema ʻepekema i nā hopena radiocarbon me nā manaʻo e pehea e ulu ai nā māka Greenland e hana i kahi hoʻohālike e hiki ai iā lākou ke hōʻoia i ka makahiki o 25 ka poʻe predator i hānau ʻia ma mua o 1960.
Hōʻike kā lākou mau hopena i ka wahine ka nui loa o ka pūʻulu ʻo ia ka wahine he ana ma mua o elima mau mika ka lōʻihi. Akene ʻo 392 paha kona makahiki, ʻoiai, e like me ka moʻolelo o Nielsen, ʻo ka umauma o nā makahiki he hiki mai 272 a 512 mau makahiki.
ʻO nā kaika Greenland i kēia manawa nā māka maikaʻi loa no ka inoa o nā holoholona meakanu ʻoi loa e ola nei ma kā mākou honua, "wahi a ka mea noiʻi me ka mahalo.
Kōkua - Kōkua polike Greenland:
Eia nō kekahi, ʻo nā wahine makua mai ka hoʻokolohua e hōʻea i ka wā ʻōpiopio ma hope o kā lākou ulu ʻana a hiki i ʻehā mau ka lōʻihi. ʻO kā lākou hānau mua ka mea wale nō i ka makahiki o 150 makahiki.
Manaʻo ʻo Nielsen "hiki i nā haʻawina no ka wā e hiki ke hoʻoholo i ka makahiki me ka ʻoi aku ka nui."
A ke nānā nei i mua e noiʻi hou aku:
Aia kekahi mau hiʻohiʻona o nā mea koi o nā hui ʻo Greenland e hoihoi i nā mea leʻaleʻa e ʻike a uhi.
Ke hoʻomanaʻo nei ua noi mua nā poʻe ʻepekema i kēlā me kēia makahiki e ulu nā peka Greenland ma ka 0.5-1 centimeter.
A ʻo ke kumu no ka lōʻihi o ka lōʻihi, me ka manaʻo iki, he kaohi kaola neʻe: ua ʻano malū ka ʻano o kēia hiola - nā wai kai hopohopo e noho ana i loko o ka wai, kahi wela ke ana mai -1 a +5 degere Celsius.
I kēia wehewehe pū kekahi i ka lōlō o ka hiō, nona ka mea i hāʻawi ʻia ai ka inoa Latin Somniosus microcephalus, ʻo ia hoʻi ʻo "kahi moeʻuhane me kahi puʻupuʻu liʻiliʻi."
ʻO nā hiu lōʻihi loa
ʻO ka mea nāna i hopu ʻia ka ʻohana o ka huaʻala kūlike Greenland. Noho lākou i ka kūlana kiʻekiʻe loa i ka kaona meaʻai a me nā mea iʻa ma luna o nā iʻa, nā māka liʻiliʻi a me nā sila. I ka manawa like, ʻo lākou nā pōkole pōkole, no ka mea, ʻo ka wikiwiki hoʻi o ko lākou ʻauʻau he 2,7 mau hola i hoʻokahi hola. Wahi a nā kānaka ʻepekema, ʻaʻole alualu kēia mau ʻano o ka iʻa, akā ke nānā pono ʻia ia.
Kōkua polū ʻo Greenland
Aia nō hoʻi i kekahi o kēia mau hiʻona ʻaʻole manaʻo noʻonoʻo i ka ʻai ʻokoʻa - ua aʻo ʻia nā ʻepekema e pili ana i kēia mea ma ka wehe ʻana i nā kino o kekahi poʻe. Pīhoihoi lākou i ka ʻike ʻana i ke koena o nā bea polar a me ka reindeer i loko o ka ʻōpū o nā poʻo. Loaʻa paha nā mea pīkoi i kēia ʻanoʻai ma muli o ko lākou huehue loea - ʻo ka ʻalio i nā ʻiʻo e hoʻopiʻi ana i ka momona ʻā ma mua o ke koko maʻamau.
Pehea e ʻike ai i kahi kahiko o kahi mano?
Inā manaʻo ʻoe i ka hopena o ka noiʻi ʻepekema, ola maoli nā ʻalā polā o Greenland, i ka liʻiliʻi o 200 mau makahiki. Hiki iā mākou ke manaʻo e he mau poʻokela lākou i ka kali ʻana o ke ola ma waena o nā vertebrates. Hiki iā ʻoe ke koho i ka makahiki o ka shark Greenland e ka lōʻihi o kona kino - e like me ke kānāwai, i ka makahiki hoʻokahi, ua ulu ʻia nā ʻelele o kēia ʻano e ka centimeter.
Nā lawaiʻa nui Greenland
392 mau makahiki manō i loaʻa ma ka Arctic
ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka pehina Greenland i hopu ʻia he 5.4 mika. Hoʻokumu ʻia e nā kime o kēia ʻano ulu e kahi kenimika i kēlā me kēia makahiki, ua hoʻoholo nā kānaka ʻepekema i hānau ʻia ʻo kēia kanaka ma 1505. I kēia mau manawa, ʻo Henry VIII ke aliʻi o ʻEnelani, a ua pule ʻo Ivan the Terrible i Rusia. Akā, aia nō paha ia hewaʻole ka poʻe ʻepekema, no ka mea he mau ala ʻē aʻe no ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ka makahiki o ka shark he hopena ʻē.
E nānā wale i kēia mango - ʻike maopopo nui ʻo ia i kekahi ma ke ola.
Eia kekahi, ke kamaʻilio nei mākou e pili ana i ka nānā ʻana i ka radiocarbon, kahi me ka poʻe archaeologists e hiki pololei ke hoʻoholo i ka makahiki o nā artefact fossil, a me nā paleontologists - ka manawa o ke ola o nā holoholona i hala. Hōʻike nā hualoaʻa o ka radiocarbon dating i hānau ʻia ka manō i ka makahiki 272 i hala. Ma ka manawa like, ʻo ka lōʻihi o ke kino o ka mango e hōʻike iā 512 mau makahiki. ʻO ka mea ʻoi loa, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā manaʻo i nā hopena o ka noi ʻana o ka radiocarbon, a me ke ʻano e hilinaʻi nui aʻe nei ʻoe, e kākau ma loko o kā mākou kamaʻilio Telegram.
I ka manawa like, ʻo kahi loiloi o nā lens o ka maka o kēia mangō i hāʻawi i kahi hopena o 392 mau makahiki. ʻO kekahi kiko, pehea ka nui o kāna nui, ʻo ia ka nui!
He aha ka mea huna e hoʻōki ai i ka lōʻihi?
ʻAʻole mau makahiki i kahi paʻa i ka hū, ua paʻa loa ia. I kēia manawa, ke ʻimi nei nā kānaka ʻepekema i nā mea kūpono i ke kino o nā puhipeka e ʻae iā lākou e ola no kēia manawa lōʻihi. Ma mua, ua manaʻo ʻia nā ʻaka ʻo Greenland e ola i nā haneli mau makahiki ma muli o ka emi ʻana o ka metabolism. He paʻakikī kēia e manaʻo i ka manawa mua, akā hiki i ka wahine i ka wā ʻōpiopio i ka makahiki 150 wale nō.
He mea maoli kupanaha nā iʻa. Kekahi mau ʻano, inā pono, hiki ke hoʻololi i kā lākou ʻenehana. No ka laʻana, ua hana kēia mau ʻāpana hulu polū - inā ʻaʻohe kāne o kā lākou ʻohana, ua loli kekahi o nā wahine i ka wā o ka hebedoma a hoʻomaka ka hana like me ke kāne.
15.11.2018
ʻO ka Greenland polar shark (Latin Somnioscus microcephalus) pili i ka ʻohana o ka sham Somniosa (Somniosidae). Manaʻo ʻia ʻo ia ka puʻupuʻu lōʻihi ma waena o nā vertebrates a me hypothetically hiki ke ola a hiki i 500 mau makahiki, ʻo 2-3 ka manawa iʻoi aku ka lōʻihi ma mua o ke ola o kekahi poʻokela, ʻo ka pīʻoki bowhead (Balaena mysticetus).
ʻAʻole ʻai ʻia ka ʻiʻo maka o kēia iʻa. ʻO nā kumuhana kiʻekiʻe o ka urea, amonia a me trimethylamine oxide e hana wale nō ia i ka leʻaleʻa wale nō i ka mea ʻala, akā weliweli nō hoʻi i ke olakino.
ʻO ka hoʻowalewale e alakaʻi i ka makeʻana o ka make, hoʻopōʻino i ka pūnao a me nā koi, e hoʻopau pinepine i ka make.
ʻO ka Vikings kahiko i hōʻike ʻia e ka thrate threct e pili ana i ka meaʻai. Ua aʻo lākou e hoʻohuli i ka ʻiʻo i ka ʻai, kahi i hoʻohiki ai nā ʻīlio pōloli, i kahi ʻono kaiāulu. Hoʻopau ke kūlohelohe i kēia lā a kaulana loa i Iceland.
Hoʻokomo ʻia nā ʻāpana iʻa ma loko o nā wahi haki ma ka puka no ke ʻano a pau nā wai ʻona. A laila e hoʻokuke ʻia, holoi a maloʻo hoʻi i ka ʻaka ākea a ʻike ʻia kahi ʻūhā paʻa. Hoʻopili ʻia ke kaʻina hana a pau no ʻeono mahina, ma hope o ka hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻomau i ka hele i ka ʻahaʻaina.
Kāhea ʻo Islanders i kēia haukarl dainty. He mākukū, he momona kaʻo, ʻawaʻawa a me ka ʻono hoʻi.
Hōʻike ʻia e ʻai ia ma ka ʻōpū ʻole, holoi koke ʻia me ka wai ikaika. No ka poʻe mākaʻikaʻi ʻole ʻole i ka loina kaiapuni, ʻo kēia ʻano hōʻoluʻolu i kekahi manawa ke kumu hana ʻole ʻana.
Kālā
He mea maʻamau nā ʻano ʻehā ma ka North Atlantic, ʻo Arctic Ocean a me ke Keʻokeʻo. Hoʻopili ka awhi i nā wahi nui ma waena o ka 80 mau kaila o ka ʻalani ʻākau. ʻO ka hapa pinepine, ʻike ʻia nā pali polar mai ke kahakai o Greenland, Iceland a me Canada.
Ma ka manawa i neʻe ʻia lākou i ka hema mai ke ʻano o ko lākou wahi noho, a hiki ke kaʻu i Biscay.
Ma 2013, loaʻa i nā ichthyologists ma ke Kulanui o Florida i hoʻokahi kikoʻī ma ke Kaiwa ʻo Mexico ma ka hohonu o ka 1749 m.
Ma mua o 1998, hiki i kahi submarine no ka mālama ʻana i ka hiki ke hoʻāla i kahi moku kūpeʻe me 9 ʻona mau moku ma luna o ka mokuahi ʻAmelika ʻAmelika ʻAmelika Hema, mai ke kahakai ʻo South Carolina, he 6,000 mika kiʻekiʻe o Greenland e neʻe nei i ka hohonu ma kahi o 2200 m.
Ma Lūkia, ua ʻike ʻia ʻo ia i nā manawa he nui i ka Bares a me Kara Seas.
ʻAno lawehala
Ke kauwela, e mālama ka mea wānana i ka hohonu mai ka 180-550 m, a me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hoʻoilo e piʻi i luna o ke kai. I ka hoʻoilo a me ka pūnāwai, ʻike pinepine ʻia ia e kokoke ana i ke kapakai, komo i loko o nā estuaries a me nā fjord. Puni mālie ʻo ia me ka wikiwiki o 1,2 km / h. I ka pilikia o ka pilikia e wikiwiki ana i ka 2.6 km / h.
Kahi nā ʻōleʻa o Greenland i nā neʻe lōʻihi. Ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, e auwana lākou i nā hipa liʻiliʻi i ka wai anuanu, kahi i kū ʻole ke kumu ma luna o 12 ° C, a ma ka hoʻoilo ka hoʻoilo i ka -2 ° C.
I loko o ko lākou kino, e hoʻoili ʻia nā glycoproteins e hana i ka hana o nā antifreeze.
Mahalo i kēia mau mea, hiki iā lākou ke pale aku i ka hoʻokumu ʻana o ke aniani i ka ʻalū kikoʻī a me nā kino o loko. ʻAʻole lākou o nā ʻeha a i ʻole ka urinary tract, no laila e hoʻokuʻu ʻia nā mea i loko o ka ʻili o ke kino.
Ma muli o kāna haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, loaʻa i ka mea predator kahi ate nui, kahi e hiki ai iā 20% o kona paona kino. A hiki i ka 70s o ka makahiki hope, ua lawe ʻia kona lawaiʻa ʻana i ka ʻai o ke ake, kahi i hoʻohana ʻia e hana i ka momona ʻenehana.
ʻO ka papa kuhikuhi i kēlā lā i kēia lā e ka lawehala Atlantika (Clupea harengus), salmon (Salmonidae), capelin (Mallotus villosus), nā perches Norwegian (Sebastes norvegicus), pinagors (Cyclopterus lumpus), cod (Gadidae), halibut (Hippoglossusfinususmus), haddock a me nā lālani (Batoidea). I kahi wahi liʻiliʻi e ʻai ʻia ai nā amphipods (Amphipoda), nā anele (Medosozoa), snaketail (Ophiuroidea), nā mollusks (Mollusca) a me nā kīpiki (Brachyura).
ʻOiai ʻo ka lohi ʻana, ke kūleʻa nei ka shark polar i ka hiamoe ʻana i ka wai a me nā manu manu.
I loko o kāna ʻōpū ua hoʻohou mau ʻia ʻo nā ʻīlio a me nā bea polar. Ua ʻoliʻoli nui ʻo ia i kekahi kalohē e hele mai i ke ala.
Ka kaulana ʻo ka iʻa Predatory no ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o ka phlegm, ma o ka maʻamau o ka mālama mau ʻana i ka ikehu. ʻOiai ke hopu ʻia i ka pōkā, hōʻike iki ia a i ʻole hoʻi ke kūʻē i ka lawaiʻa. E like me ka paani, he mea maʻamau ka pālolo o ka Bacon i ka kaula.
ʻAno hānau
ʻO ka iʻa microcephalus Somniosus. ʻAʻole waiho ka wahine i nā hua, akā lawe ia i loko o kona kino. Loaʻa iā lākou kahi ʻano ellipsoidal, kahi pāpale pālule a me ka nui a hiki i 8-9 cm. Hoʻokahi wahine hoʻokahi 400-500 mau ʻāpana.
Pa hānai nā embryos i nā mea kanu i loko o ka huaʻai. ʻAʻohe ʻike pili pono e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka hāpai ʻana.ʻO ke kumu hiki iā ia mai 8 a 18 mau mahina.
Kau ka honu i loko o ke kino o ka makuahine a noho i laila no kekahi manawa, loaʻa ka ikaika a me ka ʻai ʻana i nā hua, mai kahi a ko lākou mau kaikaina e kū ʻole.
ʻO kēia ʻano e kapa ʻia nei he canauibalism intrauterine.
Ola i loko o ka ʻōpū a hānau ʻia ke mālama ʻana i nā hapa he ʻumikūmākahi me ka lōʻihi o 70-80 cm. Ke ulu ikaika nei nā hika, ʻaʻole i hoʻohui i hoʻokahi centimeter i kēlā me kēia makahiki i ka ulu. ʻO Puberty i ka makahiki he 150 mau makahiki.
ʻO keʻano
ʻO ka lōʻihi loa ka lōʻihi o ke kino e hele i 7.3 m, a me ke kaumaha a hiki i 1400 kg. ʻO ka pinepine ka hele pinepine ʻana ma kahi o 3-5 m a kaupaona paha ma kahi o 400 kg. Ke ʻano hōpua ʻia ke kino. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia ʻo Snout, ākea a puni.
Pahuʻi ke poʻo, pōkole ke poʻo. Aia he 5 mau kime o nā huaʻina. ʻO ka liʻiliʻi o nā slits Gill. ʻO ka māhaka o luna ka mea i paʻa me ka symmetrical kuʻikiʻu, a me ka iwi haʻahaʻa me nā niho ākea a me ka asymmetrical square-rounded me nā lau ʻala. ʻAʻole hiki ke wehe ʻia ka waha.
ʻAʻohe kahi spines ma nā pectoral liʻiliʻi a me nā finsal fins. Anal fin nalowale. ʻOi aku ka nui o ka lobe o ka caudal fin ma mua o ka mea haʻahaʻa.
Hoʻololi ka kala i ka brownish a hina i ka ʻeleʻele-ʻula. ʻIli ke ʻōpū. Ma nā ʻaoʻao, ʻike nā ʻulaʻula liʻiliʻi.
Noho ka The Greenland polar shark like me 300 mau makahiki.
ʻO ka kumu o ke ʻano a me ka wehewehe
Kiʻi ʻAkau: Greenland Shark
Ua kapa ʻia nā hiwa ʻo ka superorder o ka iʻa lawaiʻa, ko lākou inoa ma Latin ka inoa ʻo Selachii. ʻO ka mea kahiko o lākou, ʻo gibodontids i hele mai i loko o ka manawa o Devonian. Ua nalo aku ʻo Selahii kahiko i ka wa pau a Permian, e waiho ana i ke ala no ke ʻano hoʻomohala o nā mea i koe o nā mea i koe a me ko lākou loli i nā hiu o kēia manawa.
ʻO kā lākou hiʻohiʻona e pili ana i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka Mesozoic a hoʻomaka me ka hoʻokaʻawale i nā puhaka a kūle iā lākou iho. I ka wā o ka Jurassic haʻahaʻa a me waenakonu aia kekahi e ulu nei, a laila ua kūkulu ʻia nā ʻāpana āpau i kēia wā, a me nā Katraiformes, ʻo ia hoʻi ka hui ʻo Greenland.
Video: Kāleʻākena Greenland
ʻAno ka mea nui i ka ʻakai, a hiki i kēia lā, ʻānō nā kai wela, pehea e noho ai kekahi o lākou i ke anuanu a ua loli hoʻi ke noho ʻana iā lākou, ʻaʻole nō i paʻa pū, a like hoʻi i ka manawa i hana ʻia ai kēia - ʻo kēia kekahi o nā nīnau noiʻi . ^ E Ha yM.
ʻO ka wehewehe ʻana o nā māka Greenland i hana ʻia i ka makahiki 1801 e Marcus Bloch a me Johann Schneider. A laila ua loaʻa iā lākou ka inoa ʻepekema ʻo Squalus microcephalus - ʻo ka huaʻōlelo mua ka inoa ʻo katrana, ʻo ka lua ka unuhi ʻana he "poʻo liʻiliʻi".
Ma hope mai, ʻo lākou, me kekahi mau ʻano ʻē aʻe, ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i loko o ka ʻohana somniosa, ʻoiai e hoʻomau ʻia ana i loko o kahi kauoha like-cataract. Wahi a ia, ua hoʻololi ka inoa o ke ʻano me Somniosus microcephalus.
I ka makahiki 2004, ua ʻike ʻia aia kekahi o nā pali, kahi i helu ʻia i mua o nā heʻe ʻo Greenland, he mau ʻano ʻēheu kēia - ua kapa ʻia ʻo Antarctic. E like me ka inoa e hōʻike nei, noho lākou i ka ʻAle Antikaola - a ma loko wale nō ia, ʻoiai ʻo Greenland mau mea - i loko o ka Arctic wale nō.
ʻO ka mea hoihoi: ʻo ka hiʻohiʻona kupaianaha o kēia hiwa ke lōʻihi loa. I kēlā mau kānaka i nānā i kona makahiki, ʻo 512 kona mau makahiki. ʻO kēia ka mea i ka vertebrate noho mua loa. ʻO nā ʻelele a pau o kēia ʻano, ke ʻole lākou e make i nā hōʻeha a i ʻole nā maʻi, hiki ke ola a hiki i nā makahiki he mau makahiki.
Nā hiʻohiʻona a me nā hiʻohiʻona
Whakaahua kiʻi: Shark Polar Shark
He wahi toredo ia, ma kona kino, i kahi ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o ka hapa nui o nā pika, nā mākeke kūpaʻa e kū i waho, ʻoiai ka liʻiliʻi o ko lākou nui. Ma ka holoʻokoʻa, he mauʻuola mau lākou, e like me ka huelo, a no laila ke like ʻole ka wikiwiki o ka hiu ʻo Greenland.
Eia nō hoʻi, ʻaʻole kū ka poʻo i ka nui o ka popout no ka pōkole pōkole a me ka pōʻaiapuni. ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā slits gill i nā mea kūlike o ka iho. Aia nā ʻōpū o nā ʻaoʻao kiʻekiʻe, a ʻo nā mea i lalo, ua pālahalaha paha, ma ke ʻano he leʻaleʻa, hoʻopalaha ʻia a ʻōmaʻomaʻo, e like me nā symmetrical luna.
ʻO ka lōʻihi loa o kēia mau mango e pili ana iā 3-5 mika a ʻo kona kaupaona he 300-500 kilograms. Kūleʻa ikaika ka pali Greenland, akā ola lōʻihi nō hoʻi - mau haneli makahiki, a i kēia manawa ke hiki i nā mea kahiko ke hiki aku i 7 mika a kaupaona a hiki i 1,500 kilograms.
Hiki ke hoʻololi like i ka waihoʻoluʻu o nā ʻano like ʻole: ke ʻāpana māmā ka ʻili o kahi hue a hina, a ʻeleʻele hoʻi - aneane ʻeleʻele. Hāʻawi ʻia nā leila holoʻokoʻa a pau. Hiki ke kala i ka nohona a me ke ʻano o ka manoō, a hiki ke loli mālie. ʻO ka maʻamau maʻamau ka lole, akā i kekahi manawa aia nā wahiʻeleʻele a keʻokeʻo paha ma ke kua.
ʻO kekahi mea e ʻoluʻolu ai: wehewehe nā ʻepekema i ka lōʻihi o ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo Greenland ma o ka wā hoʻi e noho nei lākou i loko o kahi anuanu - ua lohi nui kā lākou metabolism, a no laila ua lōʻihi ka lōʻihi o nā kiko. Ke kōkua nei ke nānā ʻana i kēia mau ʻakaʻī e ʻike i ke kī i ka lohi i ka ʻohi ʻana o ke kanaka..
ʻAuhea e noho ai ka māka Greenland?
Kiʻi ʻAkau: Greenland Shark
Noho wale lākou i ka Arctic, hau kai-hau - ʻākau o kēlā me kēia mako. He maʻalahi ka wehewehe: ʻo ke kai ʻo Greenland ka mea i aloha nui loa, a make i ke kai ʻoluʻolu loa, no ka mea, make ka ona, no ka mea ua hoʻopili ʻia kona kino i ka wai anuanu. ʻO ka mahana wai makemake ʻia no ia mea ma waena mai 0.5 a 12 ° C.
ʻO ka hapa nui wale nō o kona wahi noho ai i loko o ke kai o Atlantika a me ʻActika, akā ʻaʻole ʻoi loa - ʻoiai lākou ke noho nei ma kahakai o Kanada, Greenland a me nā moana ʻEulopa ʻākau, akā i loko o ka poʻe e holoi ana iā Rūsia mai ʻākau mai, he liʻiliʻi loa kekahi o lākou.
Nā hale noho nui:
- mai kahakai o ka ʻāina ʻākau o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa (Maine, Massachusetts),
- Haku Lawrence Bay,
- Labrador Sea,
- Keʻa Baffin
- Keʻāina ʻĀina
- Bay,
- Moana Keʻe,
- wai e pili ana iā Irani a me Kahiki.
ʻO ka hapa pinepine ka loaʻa iā lākou ma ka papū, kokoke i ke kahakai o ka ʻāina nui a i ʻole nā moku mokupuni, akā i kekahi manawa ke hiki iā lākou keʻauʻau aku i nā loko o ka moana, i kahi hohonu a hiki i 2,200 mau mika. Akā maʻamau ka hele lākou i ka hohonu hohonu - i ke kauwela a lākou ʻauʻau i nā haneli mau haneli ma lalo o ka ihu.
I ka hoʻoilo, neʻeneʻe lākou e holo kokoke i kahakai, kahi i hiki ai ke loaʻa ma ka wahi nuku a i ʻole ma ka waha o ka muliwai, i ka wai pāpaku. Ua mālama ʻia ka loli o ka hohonu i ke ao: he mau hiwa mai ka lehulehu ma ka Baffin kai, i ʻike ʻia, a iho i lalo o nā aneli mau haneli mauʻu i ke kakahiaka, a mai ka awakea i piʻi aku ai, a pēlā nō kēlā me kēia lā.
He aha nā mea e ai ʻo ka Greenland?
Whakaahua kiʻi: Shark Polar Shark
ʻAʻole ʻo ia e hiki ke hoʻomōhala i ka kiʻekiʻe wale nō, akā ʻo ka wikiwiki holoʻokoʻa: ʻo ka palena ʻo 2.7 km / h, ʻoi aku ka lohi ma mua o nā iʻa ʻē aʻe. A wikiwiki mau kēia iā ia - no ka manawa lōʻihi hiki iā ia ke mālama i kēlā me ke kiʻekiʻe "kiʻekiʻe", akā maʻamau ka ulu ʻana o 1-1.8 km / h. Me kēlā mau hiʻohiʻona kiʻekiʻe, ʻaʻole ʻo ia e pōmaikaʻi i ka mālama ʻana i ka mea e pio ai ke kai.
ʻO ka luhi i kēlā mea e wehewehe ʻia e ka hapanui o kona mau kīpī a ua pālahalaha loa kona nui, ʻoi aku hoʻi, ma muli o ka lohi ʻana o ka neʻe ʻana a me ka pīpī lohi ʻo ia: pono ʻo ia i ʻehiku mau kekona e hana ai i kahi neʻe o hoʻokahi.
Eia nō naʻe, ʻoi aku ka ʻai ʻo ka Greenland i ka holoholona hihiu ma mua o ia mea - he paʻakikī loa ia e hopu ai a inā, inā ʻoe e hoʻohālikelike ʻana i ka paona nui i hiki iā ʻoe ke hopu i ka pupu Greenland a me kekahi mau wikiwiki e noho ana i nā kai mahana, e ʻokoʻa loa ka hopena. a i ʻoka hoʻi i ke kauoha o ka nui - ʻaʻole kūlohelohe ʻole iā Greenland.
A ʻoi, ʻoi aku ka lawa kūpono ʻole no ka mea, ʻoiai kona mea ʻumi nā kauoha he nui o ka nui o ka haʻahaʻa ma mua o nā hiʻi wikiwiki o ka paona like - ua kau ʻia kēia ma muli o ka pānaʻi o ka wīwī lohi.
ʻO ke kumu o kaʻai o ke kai Greenland:
ʻO ka makemake nui loa ke kūlana me ka hope: ua wikiwiki lākou, a no laila, ʻo lākou e ala ana, ʻaʻohe manawa kūpono o ka shark e hopu iā lākou. No laila, moe mau ʻo ia no lākou e hiamoe ana - a moe lākou i ka wai, i ʻole lilo ia i waiwai no nā bea polar. ʻO kēia wale ke ala hiki i kahi hiu Greenland ke kiʻi iā lākou a hauʻoli i ka ʻai, no ka laʻana, kahi hōʻailona.
Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻai i ka ʻalani: ʻaʻole hiki iā ia ke pakele, ke ʻole ʻo ia e lawe ʻia e ka nalu wikiwiki, ma hope o ka hiʻi ʻo Greenland e kiaʻi ʻole ʻia. No laila, ma ka ʻōpū o nā poʻe i hopu ʻia, ua loaʻa nā koena o ka ʻaka a me nā bea, nā mea hiʻi ʻike ʻole i hopu ʻia lākou.
Inā hōʻiliʻili nā ʻōpala maʻamau no ka honi o ke koko, a laila huli ka ʻalekele Greenland i ka ʻiʻo ʻalono, no ka mea ke hahai nei lākou i nā moku lawaiʻa i nā ʻāpana āpau a ʻai i nā mea ola e hoʻolei ʻia mai lākou.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o ke ʻano a me nā ʻano hana
Whakaahua kiʻi: Shark Greenland Shark
Ma muli o ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, hana pinepine nā puhaka Greenland i nā mea āpau i ka holo lūlū ʻana: huli lākou, huli, lele a me ka dive. Ma muli o kēia, ua loaʻa iā lākou ka inoa e like me ka iʻa palaualelo, akā no ka ʻoiaʻiʻo nō ua wikiwiki lākou e hana i kēia mau hana a, no laila, ʻaʻole hiki ke ʻōlelo ʻia he molipopo.
ʻAʻohe lākou lohe maikaʻi, akā ke ʻano maikaʻi loa lākou, ke hilinaʻi nei lākou i ka ʻimi ʻana i ka meaʻai - ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o ka kapa ʻana ia. Loaʻa kahi hapa nui o ka lā i kēia mau hulina. ʻO ke koena o ka manawa e hoʻolaʻa ʻia, no ka mea ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke hoʻopau i ka nui o ka ikehu.
Hōʻike ʻia lākou me nā hōʻeuʻeu ʻana i ka poʻe, akā ʻo kaʻoiaʻiʻo ʻaʻohe mea kūʻē e hōʻeha ma ko lākou ʻaoʻao: ua ʻike wale ʻia nā hihia i ko lākou hahai ʻana i nā moku a i ʻole nā ʻano like ʻole, me ka ʻole o ka hōʻike ʻana i nā manaʻo kūlike.
ʻOiai ma ka moʻomeheu Icelandic hōʻike nā pupu Greenland e like me ka kaʻi ʻana a me ka ʻai ʻana i nā kānaka, akā no ka hoʻokolokolo ʻana e nā ʻōmaʻomaʻo āpau o kēia mau mea, ʻaʻohe mea ʻē aʻe ma mua o ka metaphors, a ma ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ʻaʻole lākou he pōpilikia no nā kānaka.
ʻOiai ʻo nā mea ʻimi: ʻaʻole i ʻae ʻia ka ʻimi noiʻi inā hiki ke helu ʻia i kahi ʻōmaʻomaʻo kahi ʻano ʻakuna me ka pau ʻole o ka luhi. Ua hele ʻo lākou ʻē a ʻano he ola lōʻihi loa: ʻaʻole lilo ko lākou kino i ka pau ʻana ma muli o ka manawa, a e make ana nō i nā ʻeha a i ʻole nā maʻi. Ua hōʻike ʻia aia kekahi mau ʻano ʻē aʻe i nā iʻa, nā lau, mollusks, a me ka hydra i waena o ia mau mea ola.
ʻO ka hoʻolālā ʻenehana a me ka hana hou
Kiʻi ʻAkau: Greenland Shark
Hele a keu loa nā makahiki no lākou - ʻoi aku ka ʻano o nā mea āpau ma mua o nā kānaka, no ka mea, e holo mālie ana nā ʻōnaehana a pau i ko lākou kino. No laila, hiki lākou i ka wā loleka a ʻo ka makahiki o hoʻokahi a me ka hapa mau kenekulia: ma kēlā manawa, ulu nā kāne i ka awelika o 3 mika, a hiki i nā wahine i hoʻokahi a me ka hapa mau ʻāpana nui.
Hoʻomaka ka manawa no ka hoʻoulu ʻana i ke kauwela, ma hope o ka lohi ʻana, honi ʻia ka wahine i nā hua he haneli, akā, ma ka awelika 8-12 ua ulu ʻia nā ʻika, ua hānau ma ka hānau ʻana a hiki i ka nui haʻalulu - ma kahi o 90 sentimita. Haʻalele ka wahine iā lākou ma hope o ka hānau keiki ʻana a ʻaʻole mālama pono.
Pono koke nā pēpē i huli i nā meaʻai a kaua kaua i ka poʻe predator - i nā makahiki mua o ko lākou ola, ua make ka hapanui o lākou inā ʻoi aku ka nui o nā mea kuhi ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau ma mua o nā mea ʻoluʻolu hema. ʻO ke kumu nui no kēia ka mea o ka ʻōheu, no ka mea ʻo ia ka mea i pale ʻole ʻia - maikaʻi, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā keʻena nui e pale ai i nā mea hoʻohiki he nui.
He mea kupaianaha: ʻaʻole i haku nā puhipākō i ka otoliths i loko o ka pepeiao, i mea ma mua e paʻakikī ai i ka hoʻoholo ʻana o ko lākou makahiki - ua lōʻihi ke ola, ʻike nā poʻe ʻepekema i ka wā lōʻihi, akā ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke hoʻokō i ka lōʻihi o ka wā e ola ai lākou.
Hoʻoholo ʻia ka pilikia ma ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka huli ʻana o ka radiocarbon o ka lens: ka hana o nā mea i loko o ia mea i ʻoi aku ma mua o ka hānau ʻana o ka mano, a ʻaʻole lākou e loli nei i kona ola holoʻokoʻa. A no laila ua huli ʻia i hoʻokumu ʻia e ola nā pākeke no nā kenekulia.
Nā kūlohelohe kūlohelohe o Greenland Shks
Whakaahua kiʻi: Shark Polar Shark
He nui nā ʻāpana ʻōpio makua: ʻo nā ʻōlapa nui i loko o ke kai anuanu, loaʻa ka nui o nā kohola pepehi kanaka. Ua ʻike nā mea noiʻi inā ʻo nā iʻa ʻē aʻe e kau nui ma ka papa pālā make, hiki iā lākou ke komo pū me nā pali Greenland. He haʻahaʻa lākou na ka kohina luku nui i ka nui a me ka wikiwiki, a hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻole hiki iā lākou ke kūʻē iā lākou.
No laila, hoʻohuli lākou i ka mea ʻoi aku ka waiwai, akā pehea ka nui o kā lākou ʻiʻo i ka meaʻala i make ai nā koholā i kumu paʻa ʻole - no ka mea e piha ana i ka urea, a e hoʻopōʻino i nā kānaka a me nā holoholona he nui. O nā mea ʻimi ʻē aʻe o nā kai ʻākau, ʻaʻohe mea hoʻoweliweli i nā ʻōpio ʻo Greenland makua.
Hoʻopau ka hapanui o lākou ma muli o ke kanaka, ʻoiai no ka nele o ka lawaiʻa ikaika. Aia he manaʻo ma waena o ka lawaiʻa e ʻai ana i ka iʻa mai ka ukana a waiwai lākou iā lākou, no ka mea, inā e lawaiʻa kekahi o nā lawaiʻa, inā e kiʻi i kā ia iʻa, e ʻoki i ka paʻu o kona poʻo a laila e hoʻolei i loko o ka moana - kūlohelohe, make.
Hoʻokomo nā Parasites iā lākou, a ʻoi aku ma mua o nā mea ʻē aʻe, ka vermiform, e komo ana i nā maka. ʻAe mau lākou i nā ʻike o ke kuapo, no laila ke ʻano o ka hihiʻo, a i kekahi manawa ua makapo ke iʻa. Hiki i ka puni o ko lākou mau maka ke ʻike copepod luminous crustaceans - hōʻike ʻia ko lākou nānā ʻana i ka luminescence ʻōmaʻomaʻo.
ʻO ka mea hoihoi: hiki i nā ʻakai ʻo Greenland ke ola i loko o nā kūlana ʻo Arctic me ka trimethylamine oxide i loko o nā kōpena o ke kino, me ke kōkua o nā ʻōmua i loko o ke kino e hiki ke hoʻomau i ka hana i nā pāmahana ma lalo o ° C - me ia ʻole, e nalowale lākou. A ʻo nā glycoproteins i hana ʻia e kēia mau ʻuhane e lilo i antifreeze.
Ke ʻano o ka noho ʻana a me nā ʻano
Whakaahua kiʻi: Shark Greenland Shark
ʻAʻohe o lākou i loko o ka helu o ka mau mea e ulia, akā ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke kapa ʻia he pōmaikaʻi ʻo ia. ʻO kēia ma muli o ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o ka lehulehu, e emi iki ana i kēlā me kēia ka haʻahaʻa o ka waiwai o kēia iʻa.
Akā naʻe, ʻo ka mea mua - ka mea nui o ka momona o ko lākou puʻuwai. He nui ka nui o kēia okana, hiki i kona wa hui ke hiki aku 20% o ka nui o ke kino o ke kino. He huamanu kona ʻiʻo, e alakaʻi i ka meaʻala, ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa, a ma kekahi mau mea, i ka make. Akā me ka hana lōʻihi, hiki iā ia ke haukarl a ʻai.
Ma muli o ke kumuwaiwai waiwai nui a me ka hiki ke hoʻohana i ka ʻiina, ua hoʻopili paʻa ka puhaka Greenland ma Iceland a me Greenland, no ka mea, ʻaʻole i laulā ka mea koho. Akā i ka hope o ke kenekulia hope, aneane ʻaʻohe lawaiʻa e lawe ʻia, a e hele nui ana ia e like me ka hopu.
ʻO ka lawaiʻa lawaiʻa, e loaʻa ana i ka nui o nā makika, ʻaʻole i hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia i kāna pili: he mea liʻiliʻi ia i ka iʻa ma muli o ka luhi a me ka lethargy, ʻaʻole ia he kūʻa. ʻO ka lawaiʻa no ka hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ke ola ʻana o kahi lāʻau paʻa, ʻo ia hoʻi, he ʻoliʻoli iki.
ʻO ka mea hoihoi: ʻo ke ala o ka hana ʻana ʻo Haukarl i maʻalahi: ʻo ka ʻoki i ka ʻiʻo i nā ʻāpana o ka poko e pono e waiho i loko o nā pahu i piha i ka gravel a i loaʻa nā lua i nā paia. No ka lōʻihi loa - maʻamau i ka 6-12 mau pule, "noho lākou", a me ka wai o ka urea nā kahe mai lākou.
Ma hope o kēlā, lawe ʻia ka ʻai i kau ʻia, kau ʻia ma luna o nā kīwī a waiho ʻia i ka lewa malū no 8-18 mau pule. A laila e ʻoki i ka ʻōpala - a hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻai. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻano kikoʻī ka ʻono, e like me ka honi - ʻaʻole ia he mea kupanaha, hāʻawi ʻia ʻo ia ka ʻiʻo i loko ʻole. No laila ua aneane hiki i nā ʻalā Greenland ke hopu a ʻai ʻia i ka wā e kū hou ai ke koho ʻana, ʻoiai ua hoʻomau ʻia ka haukarl ma kekahi mau wahi, a ua mālama ʻia nā hana i hoʻolaʻa ʻia i kēia pā ma nā kūlanakauhale ʻo Iceland.
Lōke pīpī - maikaʻi ʻole a ʻoluʻolu loa e aʻo i ka iʻa. ʻO nā mea nui a pau e pale i ka emi hou ʻana o kona kaila, no ka mea he mea nui loa ia no ka wauna o Arctic iʻikeʻole ʻia. Ke ulu ikaika a hānai nā holoholona, a no laila e hoʻihoʻi hou i kā lākou helu ma hope o ka hāʻule ʻana i nā waiwai koʻikoʻi he mea paʻakikī loa ia.