Ma ka Volga, ua kapa ʻia kēia kauā i kahi keʻokeʻo, ma Astrakhan - Belinkaya, ma ka Sura - kahi mea hoʻomehana, ma nā kahawai ʻo Siberia ʻo ia ka nelma, nelmina, nelmushka, ma Surgut - samonkul.

Whitefish a nelma (lat. Stenodus leucichthys) - nā pūʻulu o ka keʻokeʻo mai ka ʻohana salmonids (Salmonidae). ʻIke ʻia ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau o ke Kai Caspian, kahi āna e kū ai e hoʻolei i ka caviar i ka Volga a, i ka liʻiliʻi ʻana aku i nā Urals. Piʻi ʻo ia i Volga kiʻekiʻe loa - i Tver a me Rzhev, i Oka i Serpukhov a me Kaluga, i Sheksna a Beloozero. Akā, ʻo ka hapa nui o nā iʻa keʻokeʻo e kū aʻe ana iā Kama a me kāna mau lawe waiwai: Ufa, Belaya, Chusovaya a me Vishera. ʻAʻole ka iʻa keʻokeʻo ma nā ʻāpana o ke kahawai - ma ka Northern Dvina, Pechora, a me Ob.

Hoʻohālikelike ʻia nā ʻano he endangered. Ua komo i loko o ka Buke Red.

Whitefish - kekahi o keʻokeʻo nui loa, a hiki i hoʻokahi a me ka hapa mika ka loa a 15 kg ka nui o ke kaumaha a keu aku paha. ʻAno hoʻohālikelike ʻia ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ke kāne i ka wahine i ka nui. ʻO kahi ʻano ʻokoʻa o ka iʻa, ʻo ia ka iwi haʻahaʻa, ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi ma mua o ka ʻaoʻao o luna, a ʻo ka ʻaoʻao o luna e kū ai ke kū mua o ka maka o mua. Piʻi ke kino, mānoanoa. He kala ke kino ke kino, ʻulaʻula-ʻulaʻula ka hope, keʻokeʻo ka ʻōpū, keʻokeʻo-ʻulaʻula ka ʻaoʻao, ke hina ke koena. ʻO nā iʻa waiwai waiwai nui i ka nānā ʻana o ka momona momona, momona ʻiʻo (18-26% momona), kahi i hana ʻia ai nā huahana balych.

Ua komo ʻo Belorybitsa i ka Volga mai ke kai i ka hopena o ka hoʻoilo, i ka lā Pepeluali a ma ka mua o Malaki, ma mua o ke wehe ʻana i nā kahawai, e koho i nā lālā nui loa a hele i lalo o ka hau, e kū mālie ana i kēia manawa. Ma ka lalo o Volga, ʻaʻole ia e noho ana, akā, hele i ka Volga ma luna a ʻoi aku hoʻi i ke Kama, e hoʻopau ʻo ia i ke kauwela i nā wahi hohonu, nā kikoʻai i ka hāʻule a hoʻi mai i ke kai. ʻO nā ʻeleʻa keʻokeʻo ʻōpiopio i ʻike ʻole ʻia e nā lawaiʻa o Volga, ma kahi āpau, ʻōpio i ka hoʻoilo a i ka pūnāwai wai i haʻalele ai i nā muliwai i loko o ke kai, kahi e kū ai a hiki i ka wā ʻelemakule. Ua ʻike iki ke ala o ke ola o ka iʻa keʻokeʻo, ma muli o kona liʻiliʻi, ke akahele a me ka noho ʻana i ka hohonu, ʻo ka mea ʻai kā ia, aia nō paha, ʻo ka hapa nui o nā iʻa liʻiliʻi. Ma ka Volga, kokoke iā Volgograd, aia kahi iʻa keʻokeʻo - i loko o nā kuaʻe a me nā lima o ka Volga mai Pepeluali a Malaki ka hopu ʻana i kēia iʻa.

ʻO Whitefish kahi waiwai kūʻai waiwai nui, ʻoiai ʻo ka hopu e ʻike ʻia ma kahi o ka nui o ka iʻa i hopu ʻia. I loko o kona waiwai, e hoʻokomo mua ka iʻa ma hope o ka iʻa ʻulaʻula (stabilgeon). Ke keʻokeʻo kāna ʻiʻo, maʻalahi i loko o nā papa a hoʻokaʻawale ʻia e kona ʻono. No ke kūʻai aku, ʻeleʻele a ʻūlū hou ka ʻūlani.

Lawe ʻia i waho o ka wai, huli i loko o ka hoʻoilo i ka hoʻoilo, akā hāʻule koke i ka hiamoe i ke kauwela a hiki ʻole ke mālama ʻia i loko o ka mau kahu. E mahalo nui ʻia ka Whitefish roe.

ʻO ka hopu ʻana o ka iʻa keʻokeʻo e pili ana i nā loli nui, e hilinaʻi nei i ka nui o lākou i lele. No laila, no ka laʻana a i ka hopena o ka makahiki ʻehiku mau makahiki a i ka wīwīwīwī mau ia i hali iki ʻia ai ma Volga ua manaʻo ʻia ua hoʻoliʻi pono ʻia, i ka makahiki 1885 ua nui nā iʻa keʻokeʻo mai loko o ke kai i Astrakhan i kūʻai ʻia ma 1 p. no pōod.

I kēia mau lā, hiki ke kūʻai ʻia nā iʻa i loko o nā wahi lawaiʻa nui ma kekahi mau kūlanakauhale nui i pili ʻole i ka lawaiʻa. E kūʻai ʻia nā iʻa ʻeke ʻia, ke maloʻo a i ʻole ka paʻakai (balyk). Hoʻohana ʻia ka moʻa lau, kuke a i ʻole ʻia ka iʻa ma ke ʻano like ʻole: e kāwili ʻia, ʻala, ʻū ʻia i loko o ka wai a hoʻoulu ʻia ʻia, kālua ʻia i ka ʻeke a i ka umu. ʻO ke keʻokeʻo aʻai keʻokeʻo o ka iʻa keʻokeʻo e hele maikaʻi me nā ʻano kō like ʻole mai nā wai hou, citrus a me nā wai momona.

ʻO kekahi ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo no ka kuke ʻana i ka iʻa keʻokeʻo

Hāʻawi maikaʻi ʻia nā iʻa iʻa a hoʻōla i ka wela o nā koala, inā ʻaʻole i loaʻa ka hopena o ka lawehala ʻana i ka iʻa. ʻO ka iʻa mua-marinate me ka hoʻohui o ka paʻakai, ka kō, ke kō a me ke keʻokeʻo, ka ua maloʻo maloʻo (hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia me ka wai lemon i ka hapalua me ka wai).

Kī ʻia nā iʻa ʻona i nā ʻāpana nui e mālama i ka juiciness a mālama ʻia me ka laʻu i kuke ʻia, nā mea ʻai ʻai, a i ʻole e hoʻohui ʻia i ka pōpō.

Kūkulu ʻia ka wai iʻa ʻaina keʻokeʻo me nā ʻuala a uhi ʻia me nā aʻa i ulu ʻia: ka aniani, ke kaloti, ka pāhala, parsnips.

Rice me ka iʻa kahi pā Kalmyk maʻamau. Mākaukau ma ke kumu o pilaf i loko o kahi kalaha nui. Hoʻopili me ka pepa a me ka paʻakai. Hoʻomau i ka pāʻai i loko o nā kīʻaha, e ninini me ka wai melika. Ma ka Volga, ʻoka ʻia ka iʻa keʻokeʻo ma ke ala anu, ke loaʻa nei kahi balyk maikaʻi loa a kaulana. ʻO kā Stroganina mai nā iʻa keʻokeʻo i kuke ʻia ma ka ʻĀkau. No ka hana ʻana i kēia, e hoʻokuʻi wale i ka iʻa a hoʻopaʻa iā ia no 5 mau minuke i ka mahana o ka lumi ma mua o ka lawelawe ʻana, a laila ʻuʻuku maikaʻi. ʻO kekahi manawa ke kāwili ʻia ka stroganina me nā ʻala ʻala.

ʻO keʻano o nā huaʻola kai. 2012.

Hoʻaiho

1. E noho ana kekahi iʻa i ka iʻa maoli (Stedonus leucichthys leucichthys) ma ke kula Caspian, alakaʻi i kahi ala o ke ola, hoʻoilo i ka moana, a waiho i ka pūnāwai i ka wai.

• Volga
• Kālai
• keʻokeʻo
• Chusovoy
• Ufu
• Terek
• Kama a me kekahi hapa. Ma kahi ʻo ia e kū ai i nā lua ma mua o ka lawehala, ʻānai i nā iʻa liʻiliʻi.

2. Hiki i nā ʻano ʻē aʻe ke loaʻa i ka loko ʻeke ʻākau o Nelma (Stedonus leucichthys nelma) i nā muliwai e kahe ana i ka moana Artctic.

Spawning

ʻO ke ʻano o ka moʻo ʻana o ka iʻa keʻokeʻo i ka makahiki 4-5. Kūpono mau manawa i kēlā me kēia mau makahiki ʻelua. ʻO kahi keʻokeʻo no ka spawning e komo i ka Volga, a kū ma luna e iho ana i nā wahi i wahi. Hiki i kahi piʻi ke piʻi i 4 mau mahina. I ka mahina o Nowemapa, ʻākoakoa nā ʻāpana o nā kahawai me ka ʻoka a i ʻole ka mea ʻoka ma nā wahi i loaʻa nā kī, mauʻu. Hoʻokomo kekahi wahine wahine i ka 100-400 tausani hua manu e hoʻopili ʻia i ka honua. I ka lā Malaki o Mei, me ka wai mahana, ka pipi waʻa mai nā hua hua, e hāwele i loko o ke kai, e hānai ana no nā malama o ka manawa mua o ke ola, nā pepeke a me nā mea kanu. Ke loaʻa nei ka 30 cm ka nui, hoʻololi lākou i ka iʻa i ka iʻa.

He aha e hopu ai i kahi iʻa keʻokeʻo

No ka mea, he ʻano lawaiʻa nui ka iʻa, lawe lākou i ka hana kūpono no ka hopu ʻana. Lā ʻia lākou e nā hoki, kahi e hoʻohana ʻia ai ka iʻa liʻiliʻi e like me ka maunu ʻana, a ma ke ʻano. No ka milo ʻana i ka milo liʻiliʻi a i ʻole ka oscillating spinner o ke keʻokeʻo. E hoʻohana i nā ʻāpana me nā iʻa ʻehā a i ʻole i nā mea make ʻole silicone māmā o nā kala māmā. Ua paʻa ʻo ia ma ka wobblers.
E like me nā salmon a pau, lawe pū ʻo ia i ka lele i ka wā e lawaiʻa ana ma luna o ka lele. ʻO nā nozzles holoholona ʻē aʻe ma ke ʻano kai mauʻu e hoʻohana ai.

Ke hopu nei i kahi iʻa keʻokeʻo

Maikaʻi loa ʻo ia i ke kakahiaka a me nā hola ahiahi. Kokoke hiki ʻole ke hopu i ka pō. Hoʻomaka ka wā lawaiʻa mai ʻApelila a Nowemapa. Noho mau ka mea nāna i hopu ʻia, akā hopohopo koke a hiki i ka ʻupena.

Pono e hoʻomanaʻo ʻia ua lilo nā iʻa i loko o ka Red Book a ma nā wahi nui i pāpā ʻia i ka iʻa keʻokeʻo.

ʻO kēia manawa koke, no ka hopu ʻana i ka iʻa keʻokeʻo e ka poʻe mākaʻi a me ka lawe ʻana i ka iʻa o nā kahua māla kūlohelohe, ua hōʻemi nui ʻia ka nui o nā iʻa keʻokeʻo, a hāʻawi ʻia i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo e ola ana ʻo ia he 8-10 mau makahiki a mālama wale ʻia i ka ʻai wale ʻelua i kona ola. E lilo paha e pau ma kahi ʻano.

No laila, pāpā ʻia ka lawaiʻa predator. A ma muli o kāna helu liʻiliʻi, he kūlohelohe ka hopu i ka helehelena, maʻa mau i ke kauwela, a i ka hāʻule paha e hāʻule koke ma hope o ke puhi ʻana i ka wa e holo mai ka wai i loko o ke kai.

ʻO nā kīʻaha kuke

ʻOiai ka pāpā ʻia ʻana ka iʻa, ʻaʻohe mea palekana mai kona hopu ʻia ʻole. Inā hoʻokuʻu ʻoe i ka trofi i loko o ka wai, ʻaʻole hiki ke hōʻeha ma muli o nā hōʻeha i hōʻeha ʻia i ka wā e hoʻokuke ai a i ʻole pahū paha. ʻAʻohe mea i koe ke koe akā e ʻike i nā ʻāpana no ka kuke ʻana i ka iʻa keʻokeʻo.

ʻO ka ʻai o ka iʻa keʻokeʻo he ʻano ʻono a maikaʻi loa, ʻo ia kekahi o nā papa e hiki ke hoʻomākaukau ʻia mai loko mai.

Hana ʻia ma ka ʻaila ʻano

• iʻa (ke poʻo, nā ʻū, nā puʻupuʻu, nā iwi) 0,5 kg
• 6 ʻuala liʻiliʻi
• aniani 2govki liʻiliʻi
• 1 kāloti
• 7 mau pīpī o ka hua pīpī, nā lau bay 3 ka nui
• paio o ka dill
• paakai e tolo

1. Hoʻomaʻemaʻe mākou i nā iʻa mai i nā unahi, ka ʻuʻuku, hoʻokaʻawale mākou i ke poʻo, ka ʻili, ʻoki i ka fillet. Mai ka iʻa iʻa he russula maikaʻi loa.
2. Hoʻokuʻu mākou i nā gills mai ke poʻo, kau i ke poʻo, ka ʻihi, nā iwi ma kahi pā hohonu.
3. E hoʻopiha me 3 lita o ka wai anuanu, ka paʻakai a hoʻonoho i ka hoʻomohala i ka wela haʻahaʻa a ʻike wale nā ​​umu.
4. Hoʻokuʻu i ka ʻula, waiho i ka pepa loi, lavrushka, hoʻokahi ʻaka, ʻai no 30 mau minuke.
5. Lawe mākou i nā hoʻohui kai mai ka ʻī, hiki iā ʻoe ke kānana ma ka sieve a waiho i nā ʻalika nui i kālai ʻia, nā ʻalī a me nā kaloti. E kuke ma luna o ka wela i lalo o kahi pākiha no 20 mau minuke.
6. Holoi ʻia a ʻomi i nā greens, hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia i ka mea i kuke ʻia i loko o nā papa i nā papa.

ʻĀnaka Pōpī

Hiki i ka iʻa a kūʻai ʻia paha ka ʻai i ka paila e hoʻohana ana i ka umu a i ʻole nā ​​lanala o ke ahi, ʻo ka manawa kuke ka hola 1 mau hola-1 mau minuke. 86 kcal no 100 gr. Ma kēia ala, hōʻoluʻolu loa ka iʻa.

• kaloaola 850 gr
• hua lemon
• kāleka 2 mau ʻōpala
• aniani 2 ʻōpū. (nui (mahele i ka pipa)
• aila oliva 3 tbsp. mau hale hoʻokipa (hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia me ka lauāla)
• ka ʻaka, ka pepa pepa 1 pc.
• kāloti lāʻau 2
• ʻono ʻono ʻaʻa moʻa
• he mānoʻu ka paʻakai, ʻoi aku ka moana.
• greens (parsley or dill)

I kuke ai i pono

1. Hoʻomaʻemaʻe, holoi, holoi a maloʻo iki me kahi kāwele.
2. ʻOkiʻoki i ka lemon i ʻelua ʻāpana a kāwili i kekahi i loko o ke kīʻaha. Ma o ka paʻi keʻokeʻo, hoʻohui i ke kāleka i ka waiʻona, hoʻohui i ka paʻakai a me nā kau. Hoʻohui maikaʻi a lulu me ka launa ʻana i ka ʻano ʻai me ka iʻa, waiho i ka leʻa no 30 mau minuke.
3. Holo ʻia a ʻili ʻia, ʻoki ʻia i loko o nā ʻāpana, nā kaaka, ka hapaha o nā apo, ka ʻōpala lau. E hoʻomoʻi i kahi pā kulu me ka aila a hoʻomōpaʻa i nā mea kanu. Hoʻohui i nā huahana palaoa i ka paʻakai a maloʻo.
4. ʻOkiʻoki i ka tōmato a me ka hapalua o ka lemon i loko o nā apo.
5. Ma ka lalo o ka papa ʻaina, e kau i ka papa ʻaina me ka ʻaoʻao e hoʻopuni ʻia i ka hapalua o kahi ʻāpana o ka foil e hoʻopili i ka iʻa. Lubricate me ke aila.
6. Hana i kekahi mau hōʻoki ma kekahi ʻaoʻao o ke kalana no ka hoʻopili ʻana me ka aniani a me ka ʻōmato. E kau i ka lepa ma luna o ka papa ʻaila me ka ʻaoʻao holoʻokoʻa holoʻokoʻa. Hoʻopili i ka ʻōpū, hoʻololi me nā ʻāpana o ka tōmato a me ka lemon. E kau i nā mea kanu passivated ma luna. E hoʻomoʻa i ke koena lemon a me nā ʻōmato i loko o ka hōʻoki.
7. E pīpī i nā ʻōmole i holoi ʻia a kāpīpī i luna o ka iʻa. E kāwele i nā kihi o ka pale, e pani ana i ke kupapaʻu a waiho i hoʻomoʻa i ka umu a i ʻole nānahu, no nā minuke 30, E hōʻoia pono ʻole i ke ahi nui.

Nā ala e hopu i ka iʻa keʻokeʻo

Nā lawaiʻa keʻokeʻo ʻaʻole ka mea maʻamau, no ka mea aia nā manawa a pau i ka hohonu i loko o ka wai a emi mau ka nui o kona mau kānaka. Akā ma kekahi manawa hiki iā ia ke hele mai ma luna o ka ʻupena a i ʻole ke koʻokoʻo iʻa. E like me ke kālai ʻia i hoʻohana aku ai i nā pulupulu, lure, turntables, ola mauʻu. Ke hoʻopili ʻo ia i ka mākaʻi, hoʻomaka ʻo ia i ka hele ʻana i ka wai o ka wai, me ka noʻonoʻo e ʻoi aku ke maʻalahi o ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana iā ia iho. No laila, ma hope o ka lawoʻa, ka sags laina laina. ʻO ka lawaiʻa keʻokeʻo kahi manawa poina ʻole ia o ke ola. Hoʻoikaika ʻo ia a hakakā hoʻi i ka mea hope loa. Hoʻokomo pū ʻia kēia mau mea me nā peke a me ka nui o nā wai. Hiki i kāna māka ke hāʻawi i kahi ʻāpana o nā manaʻo kūʻokoʻa.

Kiʻikuhi: iʻa keʻokeʻo (25 kiʻi)

Loaʻa nā pono no ke kino kanaka

Ua haʻi ʻo Whitefish i ka waiwai o ka meaʻai no ke kino kanaka i nā 'īā a kalai a me ke kō, a me ka manaʻo i nā mea kanu. Hoʻohui maikaʻi ʻia kāna ʻiʻo. He waiwai i nā mea waiwai e like me:

• ʻōleʻa paʻū kiʻekiʻe
• ʻO ka vitamika PP (e komo ana i ka hoʻoliʻi a me ka momona o ka metabolism, hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka kolamu koko a hoʻonui i nā kiko o nā lipoproteins, e pale ai i ka atherosclerosis a me ka thrombosis),
• Vitamin D (pili i ka hana o ka iwi iwi a me ke kūleʻa)
• Vitamin B12 (komo i ka hematopoiesis a me ka hoʻouna ʻana i nā neʻe o ke nerve)
• ʻO nā Omega 3 a me 6 mau momona momona o polyunsaturated, kahi i hoʻopili i ka hana metabolism. Pale lākou i ka thrombosis, puʻuwai puʻe, hōʻeha, varicose veins, tumors,
• nā macro- a me nā microelement (potassium, ka phosphorus, sulfur, zinc, iodine, fluorine, molybdenum, nickel, chromium, chlorine).

Ua noʻonoʻo ʻia kēia huahana he maikaʻi loa no nā kānaka me nā maʻi o ka kelepa thyroid, kāwili a me nā ʻōnaehana cardiovascular, nā iwi a me nā ʻōpū, i nā keiki no ka pale ʻana i nā rickets. Hiki ke noʻonoʻo ʻia ka ʻiʻo keʻokeʻo i nā wahine hāpai i ke kumu o nā momona momona o polyunsaturated a me nā waiora, e hāʻawi ʻia i ka hoʻolālā kūpono ʻana o nā ʻoihana a fetal. Kaona nui ʻia hoʻi e nā kauka nā poʻe makemake e hoʻemi i ke kaumaha. ʻO ka loko o ka keʻokeʻo kahi momona a akā haʻahaʻa-calorie iʻa (88 mau mea i loaʻa i ka 100 gram).

Aia nā contraindications i ka hoʻohana ʻana o ka iʻa keʻokeʻo - kūlia ka hopena i ka iʻa, gastritis, pancreatitis, cholecystitis.

Kaʻai ʻana i ka iʻa keʻokeʻo

ʻO ka ʻi o kēia iʻa ʻoluʻolu maikaʻi a i kona ʻano hoʻāʻo. Ho? Ohili? Ia e na ke keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo, kahi i hoʻokaʻawale maikaʻi. ʻO ka loko iʻa ka nui o nā momona, kēlā, a me nā waiwai i ka wikiwiki. No laila, lawaiʻa pinepine nā lawaiʻa i ka kahakai a me ka paʻakai a i ʻole ka uahi. I loko o nā hale kūʻai, kūʻai ʻia aku i ke ʻano aniani, ʻaʻole i ʻike pinepine ʻia, no ka mea ua manaʻo ʻia he delicacy ʻākau. Pono ʻoe e kūʻai i kēlā iʻa i nā wahi i hōʻoia ʻia e pale aku ai i nā hopena kūpono ʻole.

Hoʻopiliʻia me ka paʻakai a me ka uahi, ua hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻano meaʻai ʻē aʻe no ia. Hiki ke ʻai ʻia, waʻa, ka palaoa, stewed. ʻO ka meaʻawaʻawa ka pepeiao a me ka hodgepodge. ʻO ka balyk me kahi ʻono ʻē aʻe he maʻamau loa.

Eia ma lalo iho kekahi mau lauʻauʻau no ka kuke ʻana me kēia iʻa.

Kāpī ʻia i loko o ka pā - paʻakai keʻokeʻo

• Ua hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia nā keʻokeʻo nui mai nā unahi,
• 1 kālai liʻiliʻi kālai liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi
• wai lemon,
• aila ʻaila,
• kekahi mau ʻōmato cherry
• ka paʻakai a me ka pepa e hoʻāʻo ai.

Ka ʻina hoʻokua. E hoʻomoʻa i nā hua kanu ma hoʻoinu mua iā lākou i ka wai anuanu no nā minuke 30. A laila ʻokiʻoki i ka iʻa kāʻei ʻia i loko o nā pā maloʻo 2 cm a pīpī iā lākou me ka waikawa citric. E hoʻomoʻi i ka pā - grill. E ninini i kahi aʻa ʻoliva iki i loko, e kali a maloʻo ia a waiho i ka hapalua o ka pepa a me kahi ʻāpana o ka tarragon ma laila, e hāʻawi ai i ka pā i ka ʻono kūikawā a me ka mea ʻala. Ma hope o 5-10 mau minuke, hiki iā ʻoe ke waiho i ka iʻa ma lalo o ka pā. No ka mea e kuke koke, ma hope o 3 mau minuke hiki ke hoʻohuli. E pīpī i ka pepa a me ka paʻakai ma ka ʻaoʻao i kū ʻia. Hoʻopili i ka ipu mai ka wela. A laila e kau i kahi ʻāpana o ka lemona ma kēlā me kahi pākaukau a uhi i ka pā no 5 mau minuke.

E hoʻonani i ka iʻa me ka pāmato a me nā voatia cherry. Mālama me ka laiki a me ka keʻokeʻo a i ʻole brown brown ʻia i ka palaoa.

ʻŌpala ʻia

ʻO ka ʻānai loa a me ka waiono he iʻa keʻokeʻo, i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka pā pā pālua a i ʻole ka mea kuke ʻohi. Eia kekahi, mālama ʻia nā mea pono a pau i loko.

Akā ʻaʻole makemake ka hapa nui o ka iʻa iʻa ʻia, e noʻonoʻo ana i ka ʻona. I ka hoʻoweliweli ʻana i kēia, ua hōʻike ʻia kahi ʻākala no kahi iʻa i ka mea i loko o ka umu ma aneʻi.

• ʻO kahi ʻāpana keʻokeʻo i ʻoki i nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi
• 3 nā kākela,
• He mau liʻi leeks,
• ʻAkahi ʻākau,
• He ʻāpana o ka celery
• 5-6 mau pīpī o ka allspice,
• 2-3 lau lau liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi.

Ka papa ʻaina. E hoʻolapalapa i ka ʻuala ʻala, hoʻohui i nā huahana āpau ke ʻole ka iʻa i ia. I ka wā e kuke ʻia, e hoʻohui i nā ʻāpana o ka iʻa a kuke no 20 mau minuke. Hoʻokuʻu i ka iʻa mai ka maiʻa, kau i kahi pāwī a hoʻonani i ka greens. E lawelawe me nā kalala a i ʻole ka laiki. Hiki ke hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka paila puaʻa a i ʻole hoʻi i loko o ka ʻū. A ʻoluʻolu loa me ka huaʻai.

Nelma

Hōʻike pinepine ʻia, nelmu a me ka keʻokeʻo i manaʻo ʻia he iʻa hoʻokahi, akā ʻo ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ʻaʻole kēia. ʻO lākou kekahi kaona iʻa subfamily like a noho i loko o nā kahe like. ^ E Ha yM. ʻO kā lākou ʻokoʻa i kēlā:

• He inoa maoli ʻo Nelma o ka moana Arctic,
• roa ka lōʻihi o ka nelm i hiki aku i 1.5 mika, a hiki ke paona i 28 kg (ma nā hihia heʻehā, 40 kg),
• Nelma spawning e hana i Sepatemaba.

A i ʻole, he like nā like ʻole o kēia iʻa.

ʻO ka wehewehe ʻana o nā iʻa keʻokeʻo

ʻO Nelma kahi iʻa migratory. ʻO kona lōʻihi lōʻihi hiki i 1 m 50 cm.ʻO kēia ika nui he poʻo liʻiliʻi, nui ka waha me ka ʻolo haʻahaʻa elongated, a me ka pā dorsal kiʻekiʻe a koʻikoʻi, e paʻakikī ai ka hilahila me nā ʻano ʻē aʻe.

ʻO ka huina he 8 mau kālā. Aia ka Anal ma kahi o ka huelo, a me kaʻili liʻiliʻi - i waenakonu o ka ʻōpū. Aia ka pua lima hope i kokoke i nā uhi gill, a i kahi ʻāpana ʻihi ke kūʻokoʻa loa i kahi bifurcated. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o nā poli dorsal a me ka caudal ma mua o ke koena.ʻO ke kala o nā unahi ke kālā, akā hiki i ke kua ke kua ʻulaʻula, uliuli a ʻulaʻula paha. Ke keʻokeʻo ka ʻiʻo Nelma, flaky a maikaʻi aila. Kau paona ʻia nā iʻa pākeke mai 14 a 25 kg.

I ka makahiki mua o ke ola, e ʻai ʻo ia i ka plankton, a laila hoʻomaka ʻo ia e ʻimi i nā iʻa liʻiliʻi. Noho ʻo ia ma ka loko a me nā muliwai a i ʻole ia i ka wai a kokoke i ke kai. I ka wā spawning, hiki i ka lawai ke lele no 1,500 km. Ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo Stenodus Nelma i kahi subspecies o Stenodus Leucichthys, i noho i loko o ke kai ʻo Caspian, a ua ʻike ʻia i kēia wā pau loa.

Ma ʻAmelika ʻAmelika, ʻoiaiʻo ka ʻike o ka biology o kēia iʻa, akā ua hoʻokele ʻia nā haʻawina ma Siberia.

Paʻi Pīpī Paʻi

Manaʻo ka spawning i ka hopena o ke kauwela a i ʻole hoʻomaka, akā i kēia manawa ʻaʻole i ʻike pololei ʻia nā ʻano lawehala o ka lawena a me nā wehewehe ʻana o kona mau kahua ulu. Ua manaʻo ʻia aia i loko o kēlā me kēia makahiki ʻo 2-4 mau makahiki. I nā kahakai, e noho ana ka loko iʻa i ke kai (kai) a hoʻohana i nā wai wai wai no ka hoʻoulu. Noho ʻo Nelma e noho ana i loko o uka o ke kai i loko o ka wai hou i kona ola a pau me nā hilo.

Noho mau ka wā'ōpiopio i nā kahe wai ma nā liʻiliʻi o 2 mau makahiki, a ma hope o ke iho nei i loko o kahi wai nui. E hiki i ka iʻa i ka wā ʻōpiopio i ka makahiki o 7 mau makahiki, a maʻamau ʻoi aku ka ola ma mua o 12 mau makahiki. Eia naʻe, ua kākau nā mea noiʻi Siberian i kahi mea i hoʻohālua i nā makahiki 21. Nui loa ka loko keʻokeʻo. ʻO ka nui awelika ākea mai 45 a 75 cm, a ua loaʻa i kahi kikoʻī he nui i ka waha o ka muliwai Mackenzie ma 1.5 m ka lōʻihi a he kaupaʻa ʻia ma mua o 28 kg.

ʻO ka nui o nā lawaiʻa ma muli o kāna meaʻai. E hānai ana nā pākeke i nā iʻa liʻiliʻi. ʻO ka kumu, eia kekahi mau keʻokeʻo ʻē aʻe, akā he pike, stickleback, gudgeon, arctic lamprey a i kekahi manawa ke hiki i kekahi mau keʻokeʻo ke komo i ka meaʻai. Hoʻokomo ka ʻōpio ʻōpio i nā pūpū pepeke a me nā mea kanu planktonic. ʻO ka mea pinepine loa, e hele ana ka neʻe ʻana i ka ʻai iʻa i ka wā e hele ai kahi keʻokeʻo i kahi ʻōpū nui o ka wai i mea e hoʻomaka ai ka pākeke o kona ola. I kēia manawa, hele a ākea ka nui a hiki ʻole ke makaʻu i nā mea ʻē aʻe. Eia nō naʻe, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o kekahi o nā mea leʻaleʻa e ʻai ʻē i nā nelmu ʻōpio, mai haʻi ʻole i nā mea i mea e like me ka pike a me ka burbot.

Hana kiʻi: loko iʻa, a i ʻole nelma (25 mau kiʻi)

Ke hopu ʻana i ka iʻa keʻokeʻo

ʻAʻole holomua ʻo kēia iʻa i ka mākeke, akā ua hoʻohana ia no kahi manawa lōʻihi e like me ka meaʻai no nā poʻe a me nā holoholona. ʻO ka maʻamau, ʻo ka lawaiʻa e hopu ʻia ma nā nika e nā ʻupena i ka hopena o ke kauwela, ma hope o ka ʻokiʻoki a hōʻoki ʻia i loko o ka nuku ke ʻano a i ʻole kahi hōʻuluʻulu.

ʻOi loa ka ʻiʻo o kēia iʻa e kūpono no ka ulaula ma mua o ke kūʻai ʻana i nā ʻano maka.

ʻAʻole maopopo loa ke kumu no ka nui o ka American Nelma iʻoi aku ma mua o ka Eurasian. Hōʻoiaʻiʻo hou kēia noi i kēia iʻa i makemake ai e noiʻi. Hāpai ka poʻe spinningist ʻAmelika he mea hakakā koʻikoʻi ʻo Nelma i ka wā e kūpaʻa ʻia ana ke hopu ʻia i luna. Lawe mau ʻo ia i ka mauʻu ma ka hohonu o ka 4 m, a laila kū aʻe ʻo ia i luna o ka wai me ka wikiwiki o ka wikiwiki. I loko o kahi hoʻāʻo e hoʻokuʻu iā ia iho i ka hook, ua hoʻomaka ka iʻa keʻokeʻo e lele.

ʻOkoʻa ʻē ke ʻano o ke ʻano o ka lawaiʻa ʻia i ke ʻano o ke kai loko o ka pout a me nā pike. Ma hope o ka hoʻopili ʻana, holo pinepine ka laina lawaiʻa, a ʻike kēia ua hoʻomaka ka iʻa i ka honua. E manaʻo paha ʻo Nelma i kēia ala e maʻalahi iā ia ke hoʻokuʻu iā ia iho mai ka kaula. ʻO ka poʻe loea spinning i ʻōlelo ka hakakā ʻana me ka iʻa keʻokeʻo he hōʻike maikaʻi ʻole ia, i hui pū ʻia e nā pihi nui a me nā kīwaha nui. He mea kupanaha ʻoiai ʻaʻole iʻa nui kekahi iʻa me nā anglers, hāʻawi ʻia i kāna mau kaua hakakā maikaʻi a me nā mea kanu maikaʻi. Mālama paha nā lawaiʻa loiloi i nā manawa e hopu ai i nā kikoʻī he lōʻihi ʻoi loa kona 1 m.

He pono a hōʻino i ke kino kanaka

Hoʻomaopopo ka Nutritionists ʻo ka loko iʻa kekahi o nā mea iʻa e pono ai ke kino o ke kanaka. Loaʻa kēia ma muli o kona ʻano kikoʻī, kahi e loaʻa ai ka nui o ka calcium, nā huaora, ka zinc, ka chlorine a me nā mea like ʻole e hiki ke loli. ʻO kāna ʻike kalolo kahi wale nō 112 kcal no 100 g o nā huahana. No laila, ʻo nā kīʻaha mai ka iʻa i nīnau ʻia he kūpono no ke pēpē a me ka meaʻai. Hiki ke ʻoliʻoli ʻia ka loko iʻa kūlohelohe a ʻoiai i ka wā ʻoi aku kaʻai.

Hoʻomaopopo ʻia e ʻai i ka iʻa i nā poʻe e loaʻa ana nā pilikia me ka ʻōpū a me nā ʻōpū, a me ka hōʻeha ʻana i nā maʻi o ka kelima thyroid a me ka pūnaehana iwi. Ua hōʻike ʻia ma ka ʻepekema ʻo ka hele maʻamau o ka iʻa keʻokeʻo i ka papa ʻaina e hoʻemi nui loa i ka hōʻeha o nā hōʻeha a me nā hōʻeha puʻuwai.

Inā loaʻa i kahi maʻi o ke akea a me / a pihi paha, a laila pono ʻoe e ʻai i ka iʻa i nīnau ʻia me ka akahele. ʻOi loa i ka maikaʻi - i loko o ka kohu ʻia a me nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi.

Nā Kūlana a me nā Mākaʻi

ʻO wai ka contraindicated e ʻai i kahi iʻa?

Mālama palekana ia, akā naʻe ʻo ka poʻe kūlohelohe i ka iʻa maʻamau e ʻai i ka loko keʻokeʻo. ʻAʻole pono nā iʻa keʻokeʻo i ʻai ʻia e nā mea i loaʻa i ka maʻi gastritis a me nā maʻi ʻē aʻe a me ka maʻi hōʻeha, a ʻo ka iʻa ʻē aʻe e pono e hoʻokuʻu ʻia inā aia nā pilikia me ka pancreas a me nā ate.

Eia kekahi, pono e hoʻomanaʻo ʻo ka pau ʻana o ka iʻa keʻokeʻo, no laila pono ʻoe e kūʻai iā ia ma nā hale kūʻai pono e mahalo pono ana i ko lākou inoa, a mālama pono i kona ʻano a me ke ʻano - pili kēia i nā iʻa iʻa.

Me ka pohō kau momona, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻonohonoho aku iā ʻoe iho i kahi meaʻai kūikawā ma ka iʻa keʻokeʻo, a hemo ka nui o ke kaupaona ʻana ma ka nui o 2-3 kg i hoʻokahi pule.

ʻLelo e pale ʻia e ke kuleana kope a me nā kuleana e pili ana. I ka manawa e hoʻohana ai a paʻi hou i ka waiwai, pono kahi loulou i ka pūnaewele wahine www.inmoment.ru!

Hoʻolā:

1. E ninini i nā ʻāpana i ka iʻa me ka iwi me ka wai, paʻakai a hoʻouna i ka kuke.
2. Ma hope o 17 - 20 mau minuke hoʻohui iā lākou i nā anana a pau.
3. Paʻakai i ka ʻai i ka hoʻāʻo.
4. Kohuʻa a hiki ke mākaukau iʻa a me nā ʻuala.

ʻO kāna kīʻaha iʻa a nāu e noi ai i nā lālā liʻiliʻi o ka ʻohana. I ke ʻano o nā pure seedless, hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia i nā keiki mai hoʻokahi makahiki hoʻokahi.

ʻOno a hoʻonoe i ka iʻa keʻokeʻo

ʻOno loa ka paʻakai

akā hiki ʻole ʻoe i kūʻai palani ai i nā iʻa iʻa ma ka hale kūʻai. Ma keʻano ākea, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻolapalapa ʻia a i ʻole ka peʻa wale ʻia, akā kā hoʻolapalapa ʻia, ʻū ʻia a hoʻomehana ʻia, me ia mea e loaʻa ai ka hodgepodge maikaʻi loa a me ka pepeiao kupaianaha.

ʻAʻole ʻōlelo nā Nutriste e ʻalohi i kēia iʻa - ʻaʻole i hāʻawi ʻia kahi pala i kālai ʻia i ke kaumaha maikaʻi loa, akā no ka poʻe hopohopo ʻole i nā paona ʻē aʻe, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻai i ka iʻa keʻokeʻo. E hoʻolapalapa ia no ka lōʻihi - e lawa ia 20 mau minuke, akā e kiʻi i ka tastier me nā panana.

Zander

Sudak - Lokalaka inoa Sudok, sula (ma ke kai o Azov), undercoat (shallow), chop (hewa), mea huna (hewa), bershovnik, koha (Est.), Zandarts (Latvian), perch-pike (Eng. ), nāʻaʻai btmia (Bulgarian), Zander (Kelemānia), gjors (Norwegian), sandacz (Polish), salau (rum.), buzoun levrek (Turkish), kiʻi (Fin.), gos (Swedish. )

Noho nā wai, nā loko a me nā wahi i ʻike ʻia i loko o ke kai. Hoʻopau i ka lalo, akā e kū i ka maka. Ma waena o nā loko, makemake ʻo ia i ka pā polio, waiwai i ka plankton, me kahi kaila oxygen maikaʻi loa, e mālama ana i nā wahi ʻole o nā mea kanu, ma kahi hohonu o 3-4 m, kahi ʻano iʻa lawaiʻa ʻano nui o nā loko a i ʻike ʻia i ka mahi loko wai. ʻElua mau mea ola o ka zander, ka wai wai (kahi noho) a me kahi semi-pass. Semi-passage, e hāʻawi ana ma kahi o 90% o ka nui o ka nui o ka pike perch, e hoʻohālikelike ai i nā holoholona kaawale, kēlā me kēia o nā muliwai i ulu ai nā wai (Don, Kuban, Volga, Kurinsk, etc.). • ka spawning hele i (Malaki) ʻApelila - Mei (ma ke kūkulu ʻākau - i Iune a hiki i Iulai) i nā hollows, i loko o nā puke hou a mai nā kahakai o ka loko, ma ka mahana o ka wai o 12-26 ° (ka nui ma 19-20 °), i kekahi manawa ka lula i ka wai hōʻō a hiki i ka 2.5-3 ° / 0 ° wai. Hoʻokomo ʻia ʻo Caviar ma kahi hohonu o 0.5-1 m i nā ʻaoʻao basal o nā mea kanu. ʻO nā lā mua i mālama ʻia e ke kāne. Kūpono i ka nui o ka pike perches ʻoi aku ma mua o 1 miliona mau hua manu, i ka iʻa 40-60 cm lōʻihi 200-500 tausani huaole. Kuhi nā hua, ʻalapale i ke kala, 1.25-1.40 mm i ka nui, me ka hāʻule nui momona. Hoʻomohala ka hoʻolālā i nā lā 10 i kahi mahana wai o 15 ° a ʻekolu a hiki i ʻehā mau lā ma ka 18-20 °. Loaʻa ka larva e pili ana i 4 mm ke hele mua. I ke makahiki he ʻekahi a me hoʻokahi hapa malama, e loa ana i ka lōʻihi o 7-8 cm, e ʻōlaʻi i ka piʻu i loko o ke kai, kahi ma ke oho i hōʻea ai lākou he 17 cm (ma loko o nā loko he 15 cm). ʻO ka lōʻihi loa o ka pike perch ka 130 cm, ke kaumaha he 20 kg. No ka manawa mua, ʻike ʻo zander i nā makahiki he ʻekolu a ʻehā makahiki. Hoʻomaʻa ʻo ka paila Juvenile i nā lau crustaceans, chironomid larvae. ʻO ka mea ʻona makua ka mea i kau ai: ma ke kūkulu hema e hānai ana i nā pōpoki, kilka (sprat), hamsa, iʻa ʻoma, a me nā ʻuʻuku, gammarids, nā ʻeke, i loko o nā loko - o ka palupalu, maluhiluhi, roach, a me nā mea he nui ka hānai no Mei a ʻOkakopa, i ka hoʻoilo a me ka hoʻoilo. hānai iki nā manawa. Hele Semi-hoke pike perch (Don, Volga a me Ural) i hele i ka wai i ʻelua mau makahiki i hoʻokahi makahiki. ʻO ke kumu nui ka puna, spawning, i kekaki i ka lā Malaki - ʻApelila, ka lua - ka hoʻoilo-kauwela, no ka hānai a hoʻoilo i ka lua, i Iulai - ʻOkakopa. ʻO kahi hapa o ka pike perch, eia naʻe, ka hoʻoilo i ke kai. Hoʻokomo pū kekahi wahi o ka papa pāpaku i ka wai me ka pākeke wahine. Ma ke Kuban, nui ka zander i ka pūnāwai a ma kahi liʻiliʻi he nui i ka hāʻule. Ma ke Kula, ʻike ʻia kahi papa ʻo zander mai Nowemapa a hiki i Mei. Ua kū ʻo Sudak i nā wahi haʻahaʻa o nā kahawai (ma ka moʻo Don - Aksaysko-Don a i ʻole ka liʻiliʻi - i ke keena ʻo Tsymylyanskaya, ma ka Volga - ka piʻi ʻana o ka wai hoʻāla nui o Volga-Akhtuba, etc.). Ma hope o ke kiko ʻana, e piʻi ka pike i nā kai, kahi e pili ana i ka nalu i nā wahi i hana ʻia. Aia i ke kai o Azov, aia ka hapa pike liʻiliʻi aia i ke kai o Taganrog a me nā kahakai ke kai o ka moana; Ma ke kuahiwi ʻo Caspian, ma kahi ʻē aʻe, ola liʻiliʻi i nā wahi ākea o ka moana, a he nui nā kaalo i ke kai pāpū wale nō.

Ruff Nosar

Ruff Nosar - Nā inoa inoa o ka Don Ruff, spaghetti, hoʻonaninani ma luna, puaʻa (ma luna o ka Don), pūahi, beaver (ma ka Dnieper).

Noho wale nō ia ma nā kahe, ma kahi papa wikiwiki, ma ka one maʻa a me ka papa pōhaku, ʻaʻole i loaʻa i nā loko. Kūpono ka mālama ʻana i ka hopena o ʻApelila - mua o Mei, i loko o kahi muliwai, ma kahi kahe wikiwiki a ma ka ʻāina punika, i ka wai o ka wai o 6-7 °. Caviar lalo, pili. ʻO ke anawaena o nā hua palani he 1.17 mm; aia ka hua i ka nui o ka momona momona. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka hoʻolālāʻana caviar ʻehiku a ʻewalu mau lā ma ka mahana wai o 14 °. ʻO ka nui o ka larva i ka wā o ka hatching he 4.24 mm. Hoʻoholo ka yolk ma hope o nā lā 9-10 lā. Hiki i ka nosar ke lōʻihi (abs.) O 16-20 cm, i kekahi manawa he nui, a ʻo ka paona o 100 g a i ʻole. Ma nā pahu hopu, ʻo ka lōʻihi maʻamau ʻo 8-13 cm (ka lōʻihi o 10 cm), ke kaumaha 9.5-37 g, a me ka awelika ʻo 19.4 g. ʻO ka ʻai o ka nosar ka ʻōlapa, nā mea ʻai a me nā wai, nā wai kala), nā uluna pepeke, nā namu, nā mollusks liʻiliʻi, nā mau mea kanu (daphnia, etc.) a me nā iʻa liʻiliʻi.

Chekhon

Chekhon - Lokalaka inoa Chesha, saber, sedentary, rabid, sidewall, czech, balyk (Kazakh), noakala (Est.), Kase (Latvian), sabitsa (Bulgaria a me Roma), Ziege, Sichling (Kelemania) ), miekkakala (fin.).

ʻO Chekhon ka iʻa ʻano mea i hoʻōla ʻia a hoʻōla i nā wai. I loko o nā lehulehu, mālama ʻia i nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o nā kahawai. ʻO kaʻoi aʻe o ka sabrefish semi-aisle, nā wai āpau kahi i loaʻa i ka sabrefish ola. Ua ulu nui ʻo Chekhon mai ka hoʻomaka o Mei a hiki i ka hapalua o Iune, i ka waena waena o ka Amu Darya - i ka hopena o ʻApelila. Ma ka Volga a me Don hoʻoneʻe i nā wahi āpau, nui loa i nā hollows. Hoʻokomo ʻia ʻo Caviar ma nā wahi liʻiliʻi. Ma hope o ka hakakā ʻana, holo mai ka mahina ʻai a i nā kahawai, a mai lalo lalo o nā kahawai ke paʻu a me nā kai. Noho ʻo Chekhon noho ma kahi kokoke i nā pūnaewele spawning. ʻO ke kaulike a hiki i ka 100 mano hua, i ka ʻenehana Azov mai 10 a 58 mau tausani kau hua, ka awelika o 33.5 tausani mau hua. ʻO ka caviar Semi-pelagic, 3.8-5.9 mm ka lōʻihi, me kahi ākea nui-lapalapa ākea. ʻO ka lōʻihi o 7 mm ka lōʻihi o ka pili hou. I ka hopena o Mei, he 12-25 mm ka lōʻihi, a i ka hopena o ka makahiki mua, he 9-10 cm ka paona a he 10 g mau makahiki. Ua loaʻa iā 5.2-1.3 cm ke kaupaona 2-3 g. Ua loaʻa iā Chekhon ka lōʻihi o 60 cm a me ke kaumaha 1 kg. ʻO nā maʻa maʻamau o ka Don sabrefish: ka lōʻihi 30-40 cm, ke kaupaona 300-400 g, ka Aral, kēlā, kēia 21-35 cm a me 300 g, ka Volga, ke kaupaona 80-180 g. ʻO nā mea ʻekolu a ʻehā paha mau makahiki ma mua o Volga a me Don. Ma ka Volga Delta, ma ke Kuban a me ka Lake. Ke ulu nui nei ʻo Ilmen i kahi hoʻolōʻihi iki ma mua o Don. E lilo i ka moekolohe i ka makahiki a i ʻole ʻehā paha. I ka wā mua o ka hoʻomohala ʻana, ka ʻānai a ka pīkī ma luna o zooplankton (Cladocera a me Copepoda), a laila he nui nā pepeke o nā pepeke, amphipods, a me nā mea ulana pōloli e hāʻule ana i loko o ka wai. Hoʻomaka mai ka makahiki ʻekolu, ua ʻai pū ka sabrefish i ka wai iʻa o nā iʻa like ʻole. Ma ka Volga a ma ka Don, hoʻoneʻe ʻelua mau ʻeka o ka sabrefish: ka pūnāwai (palupalu) ma ʻApelila a me Mei a me ke kauwela-ʻohiʻohi (ʻohi) mai ka ʻ Junelelo o Iune a hiki i waena o Nowemapa (ma ka Don ma mua o ka manu ʻole) ʻO ka hana nui o Chekhon i ʻAukake a me Sepatemaba. I ka wā o ke kauwela hoʻoilo-hoʻoilo, hele mua ka chekhon, a laila no ka hoʻoilo. Ma hope o ke kai ʻana o ka pūnāwai, e iho mai ana nā wai o sabrefish mai ka mahiʻai a me nā hōʻaiʻē i loko o ka wai. Ma ka Volga a me nā Urals, he lōʻoʻa o kahi o palaoa e hana ana ma ka hapa lua o Iune. ʻO nā ʻāpana o ka waiʻaila i waiho ʻia i loko o nā loko wai i hoʻokuʻu ʻia. Mai ka palena o nā kahawai, lele kekahi maiʻa i nā wahi estuarine. Ke hoʻokō nei ka pīpī lō i ka lōʻihi o 32 mm a me kahi paona o 0.42 g.

He aha ke ala kime e koho ai

ʻElua mau ala o ka lawaiʻa ʻana i ka ʻai - ʻūʻele a wela. ʻAʻole e like me ke ala anuanu, hāʻawi ka ʻai i ka pā i kahi mea ʻala ʻoi aku ka mālama i kona momona momona. Pono ka uahi paka i ka manawa a mālama i ka hapa nui o nā mea kanu i ko lākou ʻano kumu.

Kuhi ʻia ka puhiahi ʻana me ka maʻalea, makemake i kekahi mau loea a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi pahuhopu o kahi hoʻolālā ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī.

Ma mua, ua hana nā mea puhikaka e kūkulu i nā kūkulu ʻana ma kā lākou iho pono e leʻaleʻa i ka ʻono a me ka ʻono o ka iʻa ʻoki. I kēia manawa hiki iā ʻoe ke kūʻai i kahi smokehouse kūpono no kahi maloʻo a wela paha ma o ka Pūnaewele.

Mālama ʻia ka iʻa wela no nā lā 2-4 wale iho, a hiki i 1 makahiki ma loko o ka manuahi. Hiki ke kāhea nā kālou ʻana i nā poli a hiki i nā lā 14 i loko o ka friji a hiki i 3 mau makahiki i ka pahu manuahi.

He aha e koho ai mai kēia mau hana? ʻO nā mea ulaula a me nā kauka he mea hoʻokahi nō: ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻokuʻi ʻia nā hua ʻili. Pono ke koena e alakaʻi ʻia e kou mau makemake, nā mea pono a me nā makemake.

Nā hiʻohiʻona

Pono e mālama i ka balyk paʻa i loko o ka friji, ʻoiai e kāpīpī mua iā ia i ka pepa. Ua ʻae ʻia ia e waiho i loko o kahi pahu a i ʻole pahu hakahā. No laila, ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ka iʻa. Pono e mālama ʻia ka leʻaleʻa i ka home no ka ʻoi aku 1 ka malama, no ka mea i ka wā e hiki mai ana e hoʻomaloʻo a keu aku ka momona a me ka momona.

No ka hapanui o ka poʻe, ʻo ka noʻonoʻo, ʻo ka balyk kahi papa ʻaina koʻikoʻi, a ʻo ka hapanui o nā manawa he mālama ʻia ma ka papa ʻaina. Eia naʻe, maʻalahi ia ke kuke ʻana ma ka home. I ka waiwai ʻona, ʻaʻole pono ia e hoʻohana i kahi ʻano ʻāpana ʻulaʻula: hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana i ka perch, ke kala kālā a i ʻole bream.

ʻO ka Risotto me ka iʻa

Hoʻokomo mākou i ʻelua ʻāpana o ka pata a me nā aila ʻai i loko o ka pā. Ke hoʻomoʻo ka momona, e kau i kahi kīʻaha o nā ʻōpū i hoʻomākaukau ʻia ma laila. E hoʻomoʻi i nā minuke he ʻehā, a laila e hoʻohui i kahi puna o nā lau thyme hou. Fry no ʻelua mau minuke. Hoʻohui i ka laiki a me ka waina keʻokeʻo. E hoʻomoʻi a maloʻo ka wai. I loko o kahi pā kaʻawale, kālai i ka escolar paʻakai. ʻAʻole pono ka loiloi i nā loiloi e loaʻa ai ka momona. Nui ua aila i ka pā, e like me nā pancakes. Hoʻokomo ʻia ʻo Escolar no ʻekolu mau minuke ma kēlā me kēia. Hoʻokomo mākou i nā ʻāpana i luna ma luna o ka risotto. E hoʻokomo i ka umu no nā minuke ʻelima.

ʻ .lelo aʻoaʻo

Ma mua o kou hana ʻana i kahi hana, pono ʻoe e koho i ka ʻano kūpono no ka iʻa balyk a ʻimi pololei i ʻenehana. Akā i ka mea e loaʻa ai ka hopena ma mua o nā mea i manaʻoʻia, pono ia e hoʻolohe i nā ʻōlelo a nā poʻe loea.

1. Inā kuke ʻia ka balyk i ka iʻa i ke kauwela, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka wā pickling, ʻoiai e hōʻoluʻolu kēia huahana.
2. ʻO ka nui o ka nui o nā ʻāpana he 2-2,5 cm, hiki i kēia keʻakeʻa ʻoe ke loaʻa ʻole i ka maloʻo, ʻo ia ka iʻa maloʻo ma ka home.
3. I mea e pale ai i ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ka lele i ka wā e hoʻomaloʻo ai, pono ʻoe e kāwili i ka hoʻopiha piha me ka waki a me ka wī.
4. Ma ka waena o ka maloʻo, kau i ke kupapaʻu ma lalo o ka hoʻoluhi a loaʻa iā ia kahi hiʻohiʻona nani.
5. Mai hoʻohana i nā lako kila no ka paʻakai.
6. Ke makemake nei, hoʻohana i ke kō, ʻo ia e kōkua i ka paʻakai e komo hohonu i loko o ka māla.
7. Hiki iā ʻoe ke wikiwiki i ka maloʻo me ka pā. Ua kūpono ka ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo i nā wā mālie, wela.
8. E nānā no ka mākaukau, ua pā ʻia ka lāʻau me kahi manamana lima. Inā nalowale ka ʻūlū, a ʻaʻole kū ka pulehu mai ka iʻa, ua mākaukau ka huahana.

ʻO ka hale i hana balyk ma muli o nā loiloi i papa inoa ʻia, e maloʻo a ola kino. ʻO kāna ʻāʻī a me kāna ʻono e haʻalulu maikaʻi lākou i nā mea a pau.

ʻO nā waiwai huahana huahana

ʻO ka pilikia nui o nā huahana iʻa, nā microorganism i mea e hōʻeha ai i ka maʻi gastrointestinal tract. Kōkua ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe kūpono i ka hoʻopau ʻana i nā hopena maikaʻi ʻole. He mea koʻikoʻi loa kēia inā mākou e kuke i ka balyk ma ka home. Pono lōʻihi ka paʻakai, no ka mea e hiki ai i kēia kaʻina hana ke kāpae i nā mea palekana mai ka ʻiʻo.

Eia kekahi, loaʻa ka balyk i loaʻa mai i ka iʻa e loaʻa paha i nā mea hoʻohui e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ka ʻono, hoʻonui i ka nui, hāʻawi i kahi kala maikaʻi, e hōʻino pū i ke kino.

Loaʻa kahi kūpono, e noʻonoʻo pono i kahi balyk i ulaula ʻia mai ka iʻa, ʻoiai ke hiki i ke kaʻina ʻana i ka hokeo ka mea e hoʻonoho i ka huahana me nā carcinogens, nāna i kōkua i ka hoʻopukapuka ʻana o nā ʻopa o ke kanesa. Eia kekahi, hiki i nā mea kū hoʻokahi ke kumu i nā hopena kūlohelohe. Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale i kahi ulu o nā pilikia mai ka hoʻohana ʻana inā he mālama paʻa ʻia nā kūlana a me nā waiho ʻana.

Nā Nānā

1. Ka nānā ʻana ʻEnēnē
   (English) i ka papa inoa o ke ao inoa o nā ʻenehana moana.
2. Reshetnikov Yu.S., Kotlyar A.N., Russ T.S., Shatunovsky M.I.
   ʻO ka hapanui papa inoa o nā inoa holoholona. Kāpena. Latin, Lūkia, Pelekānia, Kelemānia, Farani. / hoʻoponopono ʻia e Acad. V. E. Sokolova. - M .: Rus. Yaz., 1989 .-- S. 71 .-- 12,500 kope. - ISBN 5-200-00237-0.
3. ↑ 12Usacheva V.V.
   ʻO ka kālaʻōlelo ʻo Slavic ichthyological terminology. Nā kānāwai a me nā ʻano hana o ka koho. Hōʻike ʻokoʻa. - M .: "Indrik", 2003. - S. 330—331, 336. - ISBN 5-85759-221-6.

Hoʻomaʻomaʻo

ʻO ka hana hope loa i ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana o kēia ʻano leʻaleʻa, ʻo ia ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i ka iʻa. Pono ʻoe e kiʻi i ka pā i waho o ka friji, e kaulaʻi i nā ʻāpana i kekahi kaula ikaika, ʻoiai e waiho ana i kahi wahi liʻiliʻi ma waena o nā puna. I ka wā mua, ua kauoha ʻia e kau i ka ʻai no nā mau hola ma lalo o ka lā maka, i uhi ʻia kēlā me kēia ʻāpana i kahi ʻiʻo. Ma hope o kēia, e hoʻomaloʻo ka pulu lau i kahi lumi maloʻo a wela, kahi i ʻole nā ​​mea ʻino. Ma ke kānāwai, ke kaʻina hana maloʻo holoʻokoʻa mai 3 a 7 mau lā.

Ruff - Lokalaka inoa York (Ukrainia), bubyr (ma ka Dnieper), tas-bass, hahynay (Yakut.), Kiisk (Est.), Kisis (Latvian.), Jazge (lit.), Pope, ruffe (Eng. ), Kaulbarsch (Kelemānia), hork (Norwegian), jazgarz (Polish), ghigort (rum.), Kiiski (Fin.), Gremille (Farani).

ʻO nā iʻa maʻamau nā loko o nā loko wai paʻa ʻole a me nā kahe lūlū, akā aia nō hoʻi i loko o nā wai aniani (Kāluna o Finland). Pono i kahi kiko oxygen kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe. Mālama ʻia ia i nā pā, ʻo ka mea ma ka lalo o nā hale waihona waiwai. Aia ka palena o Portion mai ka lā ʻApelila a Iune, kokoke i nā kahawai wai, ma nā pāpū one a me nā ʻōpala, kahi hapa ma nā wahi wai a me nā ʻōpio a nā wai, me kahi wai o ka wai o 4.5 a 18 °, ma kahi hohonu o 1-1.5 m. Fertility o ka iʻa me ka lōʻihi o 8-10 cm he 4-5.6 tausani hua (Lake Ilmen), me kahi lōʻihi (abs.) o 16-18.7 cm - 29-104 mau kau (Dnieper), i nā poʻe nui aʻe ma luna o 200 tausani mau hua. ʻO ka caviar weliweli, ka lōʻihi o ka hua he 1 mm. E melemele nā ​​hua me ka nui o ka momona. Hoʻopiʻi ka huaahi nui ma hope o 5.5 mau lā ma ke mahana o 15 °, ʻo ko lākou lōʻihi o 3.36 mm. Hoʻomaka hou ʻia nā kohu ma hope o ka lā 6-6-6.5 lā. Nā makahiki ma ka kahawai. Paʻa loa ka Yenisei i ka lōʻihi o 6 cm a me ke koʻikoʻi o 4 g He hiki ia i ka lōʻihi o 25-30 cm a me kahi paona o 200 g, e like me ka mea nui (ma Western Siberia) - a hiki i 50 cm a me 400 g (a me 600 g). ʻO ka ruff ka maʻamau he 10-15 cm lōʻihi a kau ʻo 2050 g, akā ʻo ke kumu keleawe he 2-5 g ke kali ʻia i loko o nā loko (me nā ʻōpio ʻōpu a lākou i kapa ʻia ʻo "pinworms"). Ke puka nei ka moʻa ma ke ka lua a me ke kolu. I ka wā'ōpiopio, e hānai ana ka ruff i nā crustaceans benthic liʻiliʻi (Alona, ​​Chydorus), a ma hope ke hoʻololi i ka ʻai lalo: nā ʻōpio o Chironomidae a me Corethra, nā mollusks liʻiliʻi, Amphipoda (Corophiiim, gammarids, Pontoporeia), a me nā hewa. ʻAi ʻia ka caviar a me ka pā o nā iʻa ʻē aʻe (keʻa iʻa ʻia, etc.). ʻAʻole ʻo ia e hana i ka lele nui. Kūpono no ka hoʻōho i nā kahakai, a i ka hāʻule ʻana e haʻalele iā lākou. ʻO nā neʻe i ka wā lohi i ka punawai a me nā kahawai wai ma nā kahawai nā mea i hōʻike ʻia ma ka Narym Ob. I ke kumuhana Nānā Fisherman:

• ʻOʻOkakopaʻOkakopaʻOkakopaʻOkakopaʻOkakopa: Kalenaʻāina o ka lawaiʻa - ʻĀʻO 2013
• Kalena ikaʻina Kepakemapa: ʻAmelika ʻAmelika - SEPTEMBUA 2013
• ʻAkake ʻAmelika ʻAukake ʻAukake: ʻAmelika ʻAmelika - AUGAKA 2013
• Hōʻikeʻike Kaleponi ʻOihana Iʻa Iulai: Kalena Angler - JULY 2013
• Hōʻike Iʻa Iune Iune: Kalena ʻeke ʻo Mākou - IUNI 2013
• Kalena ika ika ʻaʻī: ʻĀina Pale Angei - KAUA 2013
• ʻO ka alualu lawaiʻa lawaiʻa 2013 no Iune Iulai ʻAukake: Ke lawaiʻa ʻana iā Akhtuba a me ka Volga o ke kauwela i ke kauwela
• ʻO kāʻei lawaiʻa lawaiʻa 2013 no Kepakemapa Nowemapa Nowemapa: ʻO ka lawaiʻa ma Akhtuba a me ka Volga haʻahaʻa i ka hāʻule

Andrey Shalygin PhD, DBA, Luna Hoʻokele ma ka Luna Nui o National Explorer