Kaola haipule (lat. Laudakia caucasia) - kahiānia mai ka moʻomeheu mauna pīhoihoi.

ʻO ka nui o ka pāpaʻi makua he 140-150 mm, paona a hiki i 170 g.

E hānai ia i nā mea iniketi a me nā ʻĀlapa ʻē aʻe, me nā mea kanu mea kanu.

I ka palekana, hūnā ka hoʻomana Caucasian i loko o kahi lua a i kahi palau paha i waena o nā pōhaku a hoʻoulu i ke kino, loaʻa ka nui o ke ea, ʻoiai ʻo ka "kasar", ʻaʻole ia e ʻae iā ia e huki ʻia mai ka pā.

Kālā

He mea maʻamau ka hoʻomana Caucasian ma Transcaucasia (ma ka hikina a ma ke kūkulu hema o Georgia, ma Armenia, Azerbaijan), i Rusia Dagestan, ma ka ʻaoʻao hikina o Turkey, ma ka ʻaoʻao o Iran, i Iraq, Afghanistan, ma ke komohana ʻākau o Pakistan, a ma nā ʻaoʻao kokoke i India, ma ke kūkulu hema-komohana ʻO Turkmenistan (ʻo Krasnovodsk Plateau, Meshed Sands, Bolshoi Balkhan, Maly Balkhan, Kopetdag, Badkhyz) i kaulana i kahi o Chubek ma Tajikistan hema.

ʻO Habitat a me kahi noho

Ke pālahalaha nei ke kālahele steppe i nā wao nahele a me nā semi-deserts o ka Eastern Ciscaucasia (Rūsia), Southern Kazakhstan, Central Asia, Northern a North-Eastern Iran, Northern Afghanistan, a me North-Western China. Ma ʻAsia ʻAkia, nā palena ʻākau o ka lae mai ka ʻaoʻao hikina o ke Kai Caspian i ka liʻiliʻi hema o ka muliwai Emba, e hoʻopuni ana i nā mauna Mugodzhar mai ke kūkulu hema a, ma lalo iho o ka piʻi o ka muliwai Turgay a me ke awāwa waena waena o ka muliwai Sarysu, hāʻule i kahakai komohana o ka loko o Lake Balkhash, e kahe aku ana i nā puʻu o Tarbagatai. E komo i loko o nā awāwa kahawai a hiki i nā wao o Tien Shan a me Pamir-Alai, e hui ana ma nā kahawai o Osh ma Kyrgyzstan a me Chubek ma ka hema hema o Tajikistan.

Noho nō ia i kahi papahele, pākolo a me nā neʻe pōhaku a me nā semi-deses, makemake i nā wahi me ka ulu lāʻau. Loaʻa ʻia hoʻi ma nā pali pohō ma nā awawa (ʻike ʻia a hiki i 1200 m ma luna o ke kai ma Kopetdag), a me nā ʻaoʻao o nā pāpika hemo i wahi, me nā kahe o nā kahawai a me nā nahele tuʻu, pinepine ma kahi kokoke i ka wai, kokoke kokoke i nā hale noho.

Ma ka ʻāpana o Asia, ʻo ka steppe agama kekahi o nā kaila maʻamau o nā alahele a me nā wīwī, ʻoi aku ka helu o kona mau helu he 10 mau kānaka / ha, i ka wai i loko o nā koloni gerbil a i ka 60. Ma ka East Ciscaucasia, he nui a liʻiliʻi loa ka laulā o kēia ʻano. me nā kūlana koʻikoʻi koʻikoʻi no nā kāʻei wāwae kaomi a me ka hopena anthropogenic koʻikoʻi.

Ke noho maʻamau

Ma hope o ka hoʻoilo, ʻike ʻia nā mea hele wāwae steppe i waena o Pepeluali - i ka hoʻomaka o ʻApelila, ma muli o ka māhele o ka hoʻohele ʻana, haʻalele nā ​​kāne i nā wahi hoʻoilo ma mua o nā wahine. Hele lākou no ka hoʻoilo i ka hopena o ʻOkakopa. I ka pūnāwai a me ka lūlū, hana ikaika nā lizards i ka waena o ka lā, i ke kauwela i ke kakahiaka a me ke ahiahi. ʻAʻole paʻa nā wā o ka lōʻihi o ka hiki ʻana o nā pākeke a me nā ʻōpio. Hōʻeu kaohi ʻana i nā ʻōpala a me nā lālā, nā ʻōpala e piʻi pinepine i nā kumulāʻau puaʻa, e pale ana iā lākou iho mai ka wela ʻana i ke one wela i ka manawa wela loa o ke ao a holo i nā ʻenemi, ʻike nā kāne i kā lākou pūnaewele, mālama iā ia mai ka lele mai o nā kāne ʻē aʻe. Ma ka hikina ʻo Karakum e hoʻokipa lākou i ka pō ma nā lāʻau. Hiki iā lākou ke lele mai ka lālā i ka lālā ma kahi mamao a hiki i 80 cm. Holo wikiwiki ka nui i ka ʻāina, me ka mālama ʻana i ko lākou kino ma luna o nā wāwae lōʻihi a ʻaʻole e hoʻopā i ka ʻāina me kā lākou huelo. Ma nā kauhale, ʻike ʻia lākou e holo ana ma nā alaloa o nā pihi adobe a me nā pā pōhaku a me nā paia o nā hale. Hoʻohana ka pāpaʻomaʻo Steppe i nā ʻuʻiku o nā gerbils, jerboas, squirrels ground, hedgehogs, nāhelehe, nā ʻuʻuku ma lalo o nā pōhaku, a me nā palaka i ka ʻāina me nā mea e uhi ai. ʻOi ka maʻamau, ua ʻohi lākou i kā lākou mau lua iho ma waena o nā aʻa a i lalo paha o nā pōhaku. He wahi nohona liʻiliʻi o kēlā me kēia pākahi makua, ma kahi o kahi lōʻai ʻole. Hoʻokomo ʻia ka hanana Demonstration ka squats i hui pū ʻia me nā nika me ke ʻano o ke poʻo.

Wahi e noho ai ka hoʻomana Kavila?

Noho nā ʻelele o nā ʻano ʻano ma ka ʻaoʻao hikina o Caucasus, ma Afghanistan, Iran, Turkey, a me ke kūkulu hema o Central Asia. ʻO ka hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona o nā mākaʻi Caucasian he mau mauna. Noho lākou ma nā gorges, ma luna o nā pōhaku a me nā poloka pōhaku. Eia kekahi, piʻi lākou i loko o nā hale kanaka a me nā ʻano.

ʻOiai ke kūaloko ʻole nei kēia mau lizards i ka ʻano o ka pale ʻana. Ua hoʻomohala lākou i nā claws e maʻalahi i ka hoʻomana ke hoʻopaʻa i nā paia kūpaʻa, nā ʻihi o ke ala, a me nā pōhaku makamae. ʻO ka lele ʻana i kēia mau puʻu mai ka pōhaku hoʻokahi a i kahi mamao ma kahi lōʻihi a hiki i 40 kenimita. ʻO kekahi manawa lele ka poʻe kuʻu Caucasian i nā lāʻau me nā lāʻau. Mai ka pilikia ma ka hūnā ʻia lākou i loko o nā huki ma waena o nā pōhaku a me nā ʻalā i nā pali.

Nui ka lehulehu o ka poʻe i kēia mau lepa, no laila ke kiʻi pinepine ʻia lākou i nā maka o kānaka. Ua koho ke Caucasian agama, e like me ke anuʻu ala, i koho ʻia i nā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe e like me nā māka kiaʻi - nā pōhaku a me nā kiʻi alaahi mai ia e nānā ana i ka ʻāina āpau.

He nui nā mele ʻōpio Caucasian i ke ʻano.

ʻAno hānau

Ke puka nei ka moʻa ma ka makahiki ʻelua o ke ola me ka lōʻihi o ke kino he 6.5-8.0 cm I loko o ka wā hoʻomaha, ulu nā kāne makua i nā lālā kiʻekiʻe o nā pua, mai kahi e ʻike ʻia ai ko lākou wahi āpau. Ke kū ʻia aku ka hoa paio, lele koke ka mea nona e hālāwai me ia a alualu i ka malihini. I ka hapanui o kēia manawa, noho mau nā kāne a me nā wahine i ʻelua, ʻelua, ʻaʻole i ʻelua a ʻekolu paha mau wahine i noho i ka pae kāne. Mea pinepine pinepine ʻia ka hala ʻana i ka lā o ʻApelila. I ka hopena o ʻApelila - i ka hoʻomaka mua o Iune, ka wahine, 3-5 cm hohonu i loko o kahi lua i kūkulu ʻia i ka lepo i loko o ka lepo a i ʻole i loko o ka puka, e waiho ai nā hua. Aia ka nui o ka masonry ma muli o ka makahiki o ka wahine. Hiki iā 1-2 ke kau hou i kēlā me kēia kau. Hoʻopili ka lua kahiki ma Central Asia i ka waena o Iune - ka hoʻomaka o Iulai, ke kolu, inā he mea, i waena o ka hopena o Iulai. I ka wā hōʻuluʻulu, hānai ka wahine i nā hua he 4-18 o ka nui o 9-13 x 18-21 mm ma nā ʻāpana he ʻekolu a ʻehā paha. Hoʻomoe ka wā ulu i ka wā 50-60 mau lā, nā nika ʻōpio he 29-40 mm ka lōʻihi a kaupaona ʻia ka 0.95-2.22 g mai ka lua o Iune a hiki i ka hopena o ka hopena.

Na palapala kapu

Mālama ʻia nā ʻāpana i nā wahi i kahi pālahalaha ʻano nui i ka mahana o + 28 ... + 30 ° C i ka ao (ma lalo o kahi hoʻomehana a hiki i +35 ° C), + 20 ... + 25 ° C i ka pō a me ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa. E like me ka lepo e hoʻohana ana i ke one me ka haʻalulu ma lalo. Hōʻoiaʻiʻo e kau i nā lālā ma kahi o nā keʻena i nui ai ka manawa. No ka mea nui loa nā kāne i ka wā o ka mako, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka mālama ʻana i nā agamas steppe i nā hui o hoʻokahi kāne a me kekahi mau wahine. ʻAi pū lākou i nā iniseti, ʻano pū kekahi

ʻO nā pihi ka nahele, nā pōhaku, nā gorges, nā pōhaku nui, nā wahi i nā wahi he nui e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke hālāwai me kahi kuahiwi kuahiwi e like me ka hoʻomana Caucasian.

Kolo aku kēia reptile i ka palena o Turkey, Iran, Dagestan. Loaʻa kekahi mau reptile ma Afghanistan a me ka ʻaoʻao hikina o ka Caucasus.

He aha nā kai a ka Caucasian iʻa?

ʻO ka ʻae ʻana o nā ʻōpala Caucasian, a me nā ʻūhā ʻokoʻa hoʻi kahi ʻokoʻa. ʻO ia ka mea i loaʻa i nā invertebrates: nā pīpī, nā palupalu, nā hymenopteran, nā centipedes a me nā spider, nā mea ʻimi e nānā nei mai nā pou e nānā ana. I kekahi manawa aia nā kahe Caucasian i nā kīlei a me nā holoholona ʻōpio o kā lākou iho ʻano. Eia kekahi, ʻai lākou i nā nāu liʻiliʻi. ʻO ka hana nui ʻana i ka meaʻai, nā mea kanu mea kanu - nā hua, nā hua a me nā lau.

Kaukahi Haipule: ka umauma kino a me ka kala

Nui nui ka reptile, ka lōʻihi o ke kino me ka huelo he 15 cm ka nui, me kahi huelo - 36 cm. ʻO ka nui o ka holoholona pākeke a hiki i ka 160 gram. ʻO ka laulā ākea, ke kumu o ka huelo a me ke poʻo ākea o ka nui o ka hoʻomana Caucasian i uha ʻia, ʻōmaʻomaʻo nā unahi i nā ʻano like ʻole a me nā ʻano like: ma ka huʻu e loaʻa ana nā apo maʻamau. Aia ka eardrum ma luna o ka wahi o ke poʻo. ʻO ka hoʻomana Caucasian, ka ulu ʻana o nā claws e hele ana mai ka waihona (e like me ka mammals) i nā manamana lima manamana. Hoʻopau nā kulau a me ke kūpaʻa e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka noho ʻana: ka hele ʻana o nā pā kūlohelohe a i ʻole ko lākou nalowale, palupalu a paʻakikī paha.

ʻO ka ʻōpū o ka holoholona ka ʻili a he brown brown paha. ʻO kekahi ʻano hiʻohiʻona o kēia ʻano he ʻano momi ʻokaʻeleʻele ma ka ʻāʻī. I nā spimensia'ōpio'ōpio, kahi kumu hoʻohālike o ke alapine transverse i ʻike maopopo: ʻeleʻele a me ka māmā.

Kūkulu ʻia ka hoʻomana Caucasian i ka brown a hina paha, i hilinaʻi ʻia ma ke ʻano o ke kaiapuni. ʻO ka haki reptile e noho ana ma luna o nā ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula, he ʻulaʻula, ma luna o nā ʻeleʻele ka hina hina-lehu, ka ʻona he noho ʻulaʻula, nā ʻāpana ʻeleʻele.

ʻAno hoʻomaikaʻi

Wahi a ka Haipule Kaukaola, kahi e pili mau ʻia ana nā kuahiwi a me nā kuahiwi, ʻike ʻia ka pōʻino e hele mai ana ma kahi mamao o 20-30 mika. Ke huli ʻana i ka ʻenemi, ke kūweʻe nei ka hoihoi me nā maka o ke poʻo pinepine. Waiho i ka mea e kokoke ana e 2-3 mau mika, e holo koke i kona puʻuhonua me ka wikiwiki o ka uila a e hoʻopili ana i nā pōhaku e kū ana ma ka puka komo, kūleʻa ʻo ia iho. I ka loaʻa ʻana o ka pōpilikia koʻikoʻi, ua huna ka līkī i kahi puʻupuʻu, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻokaʻaka mai ia wahi mai kahi: ʻoi nui ka holoholona i ka nui a pākuʻi i nā ʻano āpau me nā unahi. Aia nā hihia o ka hoʻopiʻi ʻana i nā reptile ma kahi puʻupuʻu liʻiliʻi a me ko lākou make ma hope mai ka hoʻohemo ʻana.

Ua hopu ʻia i ka hoʻomana Caucasian, kahi āna i noho ai i nā ʻāina he nui, ʻaʻole ia i hōʻike i ke kūʻē a hāʻule i loko o kahi kūlana haʻahaʻa. I kēia manawa, hiki iā ʻoe ke hana i kekahi mea me ka reptile: kau iā ʻoe ma kou poʻo, e kau iā ia ma ka huelo, e kau i kou kua - e hoʻomau ʻole ka hoʻomana. Hiki i kahi holoholona ke puka mai kahi kūlana o ka stupor me kahi kani koʻikoʻi (no ka laʻana, he mākaʻi ma ka pāma).

Ka manawa ʻai

Hoʻohana ʻia nā kāne i ke kaʻina nānā a me ka pale o ke kūkaʻa e ola mau ai nā 1 a 4 mau wahine. I kahi hihia o ka palena ʻole o ka palena i kahi malihini kāne, ʻo ka mea nona ka pūnaewele i hōʻeu koke iā ia. Ua lawa nō kēia mau hana no ka "lawehala" e lele.

Hoʻomaka ka mokulele ma Kaukia ke ʻano ma hope o ke ala ʻana (Malaki-ʻApelila) a kū a hiki i ke awakea. Hoʻomaopopo ka kāne i nā "wahine" a pau e noho ana ma kāna pūnaewele a kamaʻilio pū me lākou a hiki i ka hopena o ka wā hānau. ʻO nā kāne wandering, ʻo ia nā mea ʻōpio mau'ōpio, ʻaʻole i komo i ka mahi ʻana.

ʻAno hānau

Hoʻāla ka wahine i ka masonry ma ka hopena o ke kauwela a me ke kauwela i kahi pōhaku pōhaku a he lua i ʻoka ʻia ma lalo o kahi pōhaku. I ka wā hiki, 2 masonry hiki ke mālama ʻia. ʻO ka nui o nā hua (a hiki i ka 2.5 cm ka nui) o ka pūnana mai 4 a 14 mau ʻāpana. I nā mahina 1.5-2 mai ka manawa o ka waiho ʻana, he hanauna hou o ia ʻano holoholona ʻokoʻa e like me ka hoʻomana Caucasian. Ke ʻano ikaika nei ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā claws a me nā ʻokoʻa ʻē aʻe. Loaʻa ka reptiles i ka poperty ma ka makahiki 3 o ke ola.

Mūlā Kaukaʻi Kaukuu Kumukanawai

ʻO ka mea maoli, kahi mālama Caucasian agama, nona kona wahi i kākau ʻia ma ka ʻāina o Armenia, Georgia, Turkmenistan a me Azerbaijan, e noho nei i kahi paʻa. I kekahi manawa, i ka ʻimi ʻana i nā wahi hilinaʻi hohonu e kōkua i ke ola ʻana i ka hoʻoilo, hoʻoikaika ʻia ka holoholona e hele. Mai ka manawa kūpono i nā wā hoʻoilo i ka hoʻoilo ʻia e nā mea hoʻokahi, me ka hiki ʻana mai o ka pūnāwai, hoʻi hou ka hoʻomana Caucasian i kona wahi. ʻO ka pilikia e loaʻa kahi wahi e kū ai i nā wahine o kēia ʻano ʻuhane, e ʻimi ana i kahi no ka waiho ʻana i nā hua manu. A ʻoiai paʻakikī loa ia e ʻike i waena o nā pōhaku, e lanakila ana nā mea hoʻowali i nā kuahiwi i nā wahi mamao o nā kilomita e ʻike ai i nā wahi kūpono. Kākau ʻo nā ʻāpana kai ma nā wahi o ka hoʻoilo ma laila, a laila noho ma ka ʻāina.

I ka lilo ʻana, mālama ʻia ka holoholona i nā ʻāina ākea ākea me ka nui o ka lawa, no ka mea, ʻili ka hoʻomana Caucasian i nā wahi kuʻuna. E like me ka lepo, ua kūpono kūpono ka gravel. ʻO ke ʻano o ka ʻikepili, ʻo + 28-30 о С (me ka hoʻomehana ʻana a hiki i + 40-45 о С). Pono ka hōʻailona o ka pō i ke + 18-20 ° C. I ka hoʻoilo, pono e hāʻawi i nā mea lulu i kahi anuanu maikaʻi.

Hiki i ka paila o ke kaiapuni ke hoʻolālā ʻia i loko o ke ʻano o nā pali me nā ana papau, kahi e hiki ai i ka holoholona ke huna. Ma kahi meaʻai hiki iā ʻoe ke hāʻawi i nā mea iniseti like ʻole. ʻElua mau manawa i ka hebedoma, ʻōlelo ʻia e hoʻoweliweli i ka ʻai me nā hua apu, ka ʻaka, nā pua oat. ʻAʻole e hōʻole ka hoʻomana Kaʻaike i nā kiʻi hou. No ka hoʻomau kūleʻa maikaʻi ʻia, ʻoi ʻia ia e hānai i ka agama me nā mea kanu a me nā mea momona a me nā momona, a me ka irradiate me ka mālamalama ultraviolet.

Nā Puka

Ma Kopet-Dag a ma nā kuahiwi liʻiliʻi o ka ʻōnaehana kuahiwi o nā Kuren-Dag Bolshoi a me Maly Balkhan, aia hoʻi i nā pali ma ka ʻaoʻao hema o Karabil, ka nui a me ka ʻike ka mākaʻi o kēia mau wahi i noho ai - Kaola haipule .

ʻO ka nui o kona kino e hōʻea i ka mm a 160 mm, he lōʻihi ka lōʻihi, pālahalaha a hiki i ka 150 g ke poʻo nui ka poʻo a me ke kino. ʻOkoʻa nā ʻili kua ma ke kua. ʻO ke ala o elima a i ʻole hexagonal scales, ʻūmi a i ʻole ka luhi i ka ʻaoʻao o ke kua. ʻO kēia mau pālule he ʻoliva-brown a ʻoliva-hina paha i ka kala me nā ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele a i ʻole nā ​​melemele paha, a ʻo ka ʻaoʻao o lalo o ke kino ka ʻeleʻele me ka tauira i ʻāʻī ʻia i ka ʻāʻī, ka ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū i ka wahine, a ʻeleʻele-ʻulaʻula ʻia i nā kāne i ka wā moe.

Aia kēia hoʻomana i nā kuahiwi o nā Caucasus, Northeast Turkey, Balochistan, Afghanistan a me Southern Turkmenistan.

He hoʻomana kai ʻo ka Caucasian i koho ʻia i nā pali, nā pali pōhaku me nā mea kanu sparse a me ka nui o nā ʻāpana puʻupuʻu no kona hale. ʻO kekahi manawa i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka sai. Hāʻawi ʻia nā laka a me nā ʻaka ma waena o nā pōhaku i mea e malu ai. Ua holo maikaʻi ʻo Agamas a lele maikaʻi. Hōʻalo i ka mākaʻi, hāpai lākou i ka huelo, a ka piʻi ʻana i nā pali, kaomi loa ʻana i ka pōhaku, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā huelo o ke kuahiʻo e like me ke kākoʻo.

Haʻi kaila ʻamaslelo Caucasian no ka hoʻoilo i Nowemapa, ma hope o ka hoʻoilo i ka wā i ʻike ʻia ai lākou i ka hopena o Pepeluali, i ka lā Malaki. I ka wā mua a me ka wā lūlū, hana ikaika ke kau ʻana ma ke ʻano o ke ao, a i ke kauwela i ke kakahiaka a me nā hola ahiahi. I nā lā kauwela, haʻalele lākou i nā hale i ka wā e puka mai ai ka lā. Piʻi i luna o kahi pōhaku a pali paha, hana lākou i mau hola e ʻimi ai i ka ʻai. Ke ʻike nei iā ia, hele koke ka haipule i ka mea pio a hoʻopili pololei iā ia. Ma kahi o nā meaʻai holoholona, ​​makemake nui kēia mau kīlī i nā lau a me nā hua o nā labioceae a me nā mea kanu cruciferous.

I ka hopena o Mei - i ka hoʻomaka o Iune, ua moe nā wahine i nā hua. ʻO kā lākou mau awelika awelika he 22X13 mm. Hōʻike hou nā keiki hou i ʻAukake-Kepakemapa. I ka piha o nā makahiki ʻelua, lilo lāua i ka moekolohe.

ʻO nā ʻenemi o nā hoʻomana Caucasian, nā ʻōlio ulaula a me nā ʻulaʻula ulihi, ua ʻike ʻia nā ʻano kaheka ʻūnū ʻAulopa, gyurza, a me nā ʻeleʻele huliki. Ua hōʻike ʻia kahi hihia o ka cannibalism. Hoʻomoe ʻia nā hilahila mai Malaki a Iune.

Lawe mai ka hoʻomana Caucasian i kekahi mau pōmaikaʻi ma nā wahi e pili ana i nā kuahiwi, me ka hoʻopau ʻana i nā mea kanu manu: nā pīpī (nā manu, nā ʻeleʻele, nā ʻeleʻele), nā mea kolo, nā piula, nā ʻuʻuku, nā ʻūlū, nā ʻūhā, nā huaʻelima, nā pōpoki me nā pōpoki. No laila, i nā kuahiwi o Turkmenistan, ma waena o nā holoholona invertebrate i ʻai ʻia e kēia ʻāneke, 1199 spimens inoʻino, 792 kūwaho wale nō a 211 wale nō waiwai.

Inā loaʻa ʻoe i kahi hala, e koho i kahi ʻāpana a me ka paʻi Ctrl + Kākau .

ʻO ka hoʻomana kiaʻi / hoʻomana caucasica

ʻO ka hiʻohiʻona ākea o kona kino he hina hina, ʻeleʻele a i ʻole hina hina, ka mea e hilinaʻi nui ʻia ana i ka kala o nā wahi e puni ana. Ke aniani nā kukui kalima, he keʻokeʻo ka lapalapa, kokoke i keʻokeʻo, aʻo ka lauʻeleʻele basaltic mau eleele ua ʻoluʻolu a ʻeleʻele paha. Ma nā ʻaoʻao o ke kua ka mea maʻamau i kahi ʻāpana hina o nā ihe a me nā laina, a ʻo ka ʻaoʻao o lalo o ke kino kahi i hina hina me ka kumu ʻalani ma ka ʻāʻī. ʻO ka lōʻihi ka lōʻihi o nā pākeke ke hele aku i 36 cm me ke kāʻei. He holoholona mauna maoli nō ka Caucasian, i koho ʻia no kāna kuʻuna i nā pōhaku he nui, mau pōhaku ʻaluna a me ka wehe ʻana i nā pā pōhaku nui.Noho ʻoi aku ʻo ia ma luna o nā puʻu i lalo o nā kuahiwi, a ma nā pā a me nā paia o nā hale i kūkulu ʻia i nā pōhaku nui. ʻO nā pale o nā ʻano like ʻole a me nā hāmaki ma waena o nā pōhaku, kahi e hoʻokaʻā pinepine ai ka līnihi ma mua o kekahi mau mika. ʻOiai me kā lākou mau hiʻona i ʻike ʻia, ka nūnehana nui ke kikoʻī, e holo ana ma kēlā ʻaoʻao o ke kikowaena, hāpai lākou i ko lākou huelo e kiʻekiʻe, a piʻi ʻana i ka pali, e kuʻi nui ana, e kī ikaika i ka pōhaku, e hoʻohana ai i nā huelo o ke kao o ke kākoʻo. ʻO ka kokoke e pili ana i ka pīpī e ʻike ai i ka lōʻihi ma kahi mamao o 25-30 m a huli lūlū i ka ʻenemi, me ka hoʻowalewale ʻana i ka hoihoi o nā pihoihoi wikiwiki o kona poʻo. Ke ʻae nei i ka ʻenemi e hele i 2-3 m, ke wikiwiki koke ia a holo, ke holo nei i ke komo i ka puʻali, ʻae e kuʻe i ka pōhaku, e hūnā ana i loko wale nō ka pilikia nui. He mea paʻakikī loa e huki i ka hoʻomana i waho o ka huki, ʻoiai e hoʻopuka nui ana i ke kino, hoʻopili ʻia me nā pihi he nui i ka hapa liʻiliʻi o ka lepo. Pili pinepine ka holoholona i kahi aohiki ʻoi loa ma kahi kaiki paʻa e hiki ai iā ia ke puka ma kona iho a make iho hoʻi mai ka luhi. Kuhi pinepine ka līlika i hopu ʻia ma kona mau niho, kū ka mea i pale a hāʻule i loko o kahi kūlana hūwaliwali. Hiki iā ʻoe ke kau aku ma kou kua, e kau iā ia ma ka pūʻī a waiho wale ma kou poʻo - ke noho kū ʻole ka holoholona a he wale wale nō kani wale nō, e like me ka puhi ʻana ma ka pālima o kou lima, e kāpae koke i ka hoʻomana mai kona lepo. I ke kakahiaka, puka mai nā kākula mai nā wahi i ka manawa ma hope o ka lā a me ka, piʻi ʻana i ka pali a i ʻole ka pali pōhaku, lawe i nā lā loloa, a ʻo ia e ʻimi ana i nā mea e pili ana i nā iniseti like ʻole, nā mea spider, centipedes a me nā ʻīlio liʻiliʻi. ʻO kahi wahi koʻikoʻi i kā lākou papaʻai meaʻai i hana ʻia i nā pua, nā lau, a me nā hua wai ʻono o nā mea kanu, ʻo ia ke kumu i ka hāʻule ʻana o nā ʻāno o nā kīlaha ke ʻano piha ʻia me ka wai ona loko. Ke ʻike nei i ka mea pio, hele koke ke hoʻomana iā ia a ʻōlehu wale me ka makehewa, i kekahi manawa nāhea a me ka hū ʻana i kona mau ʻōuli mai ka honua inā i ka leʻaleʻa i ka lewa. Ma Caucasus, hoʻomaka ʻana ka māka ʻana i ka agam i ka waena o ʻApelila a kū mau i ka liʻiliʻi a hiki i ka hapalua o Iune. I loko o kēia manawa, ala ke kāne ʻōpio i ke kakahiaka ma kahi pōhaku nui a pali paha, kahi e ʻike ʻia ai nā kahua āpau. I kēlā wā e nānā ai, ke kū wāwae ʻole ke kāne ma nā forelegs ākea, ke hoʻololi wale ʻia kona poʻo i nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua. Ke nānā nei ʻo ia a hoʻomaka, e hoʻomaka ʻo ia e hoʻohaka i nā pua me ka nui o ke alo o ke kino, me ke ʻano kahe ʻana a me ka piʻi ʻana ma luna o kona mau wāwae. Kuhi ʻia nā silhouette o ke kāne kūlou i ke aniani mai ka ʻaoʻao o ka lani a ʻike ʻia mai ka ʻaoʻao aku, e ʻike ana i nā mea hoʻokūkū hiki ke luhi. Ke ʻike nei i ka mea hoʻokūkū e hoʻokokoke ana, nāna hoʻi e hoʻokau kūlaki i kēlā manawa kēia manawa, e holo koke ka mea e hālāwai me ia, a holo koke akula ka malihini. 1-3 mau wahine e noho ana ma ka pūnaewele hoʻokahi me ke kāne, a ʻoiai e ʻike ʻia ana ʻo ia ma luna o kona kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe, aia lākou ma lalo o kahi mamao a ʻike ʻole ʻia mai kahi mamao. I Iune - Iulai, nā wahine wahine, ma muli o ka nui, waiho i ka hua liʻiliʻi 4 a me 14 i kahi hua nui, e kanu ana iā lākou i kahi lua pāpū ma lalo o kahi pōhaku nui a i lalo paha o kahi kahe hohonu. Nā lālani ʻōpio, 95-98 mm lōʻihi me ka huelo, ke kau ʻia ma hope o 2 mau mahina, i ka mahina o ʻAukake - Kepakemapa. I ka wā mua, mālama ʻia lākou i ka wā ma waena o nā pākeke, hōʻuluʻulu ʻia i loko o nā lehulehu mai nā pōhaku i nā pali pōhaku akalu. I ka hopena o Kepakemapa - ʻ earlylelo Okakopa, haʻalele ka ʻōpekema i ka hoʻoilo, hōʻuluʻulu i nā ʻumi hanumi a i ʻole he mau haneli paha ma loko o kahi mauʻaoʻao hohonu a i ʻole he pali paha i nā pali. Hoʻopili ʻia nā kihi o nā pōpoki me nā kino paʻakikī o nā mau kau he nui o nā ʻiʻo e lele ana mai kēlā makahiki a i kēia makahiki. ʻO nā kumu o ka make nui o ka hoʻoilo hoʻoilo ma loko o ke anuanu koʻikoʻi. I ka manawa i uka ʻo Lake Sevan i Armenia, he lua kupapaʻu āpau i ʻike ʻia mai nā papa he nui a me nā maloʻo maloʻo.

ʻO ka nui o nā kāne o ka hoʻomana Caucasian a hiki i 15 cm, ʻo nā wahine a hiki i ka 14 cm. ʻO nā paona a hiki i 160 g.

ʻO ka ʻōpala, ke poʻo a me ke kumu o ka huelo a i pālahalaha loa, ʻo ke koena o ka huʻu i ka mahele ʻāpana he ʻokoʻa a emi iki paha. ʻO nā ʻōleo e uhi ana i mua o ka ʻaoʻao o ke poʻo o ke poʻo, me ka ʻokoʻa ʻole o ka infraorbital liʻiliʻi, i ka maka convex. ʻAʻole i haʻi ʻia ka maka parietal. ʻO nā mea ʻino a pau o ka ʻāina occipital ka mea homogeneous, liʻiliʻi. Uwāee ʻia ka ihu o ka ihu ka hapanui, ʻo ka nostrili ka nui o ka hapanui, aia ma ka ʻaoʻao o kahi o ka muzzle a ʻaʻole ʻike ʻia mai luna mai. Nā pale pale lipele 11-16. Loaʻa ka eardrum i ka superficially.

Heterogeneous nā unahi ʻana i uhi ʻia ke kino. Holo ke kuahiwi holo ala i ke ala o ka pentagonal a hexagonal, aneane ʻalulu a i ʻole a me nā ʻāpana unahi, e ʻokoʻa ana i ka ʻano dorsal-lateral a ʻoi aku ka nui. Ma hope o ka membrane tympanic a ma nā ʻaoʻao, nā ʻāʻī - nā ʻili o ka ʻili, ua uhi ʻia ma nā hoʻopau manuahi me nā unahi conical unahi. Ua uhi ʻia nā ʻaoʻao o ke kino me nā unahi ili conical liʻiliʻi, kahi i pili kokoke i ka ʻaoʻao o ka ʻōpū i hōʻike ʻia e ka nui a me nā pahu nui. ʻAno ke kīhaha a me nā ʻāpana ʻili. Ua wehewehe ʻia ka ʻōpala. ʻO nā unahi o ka huelo me nā iwi wīwī e huli nei i nā pōkole pōkole loa e loaʻa me nā apo transvers maʻamau, kēlā me kēia, 2 mau apo, a i ka ʻolu o ke poʻo o ka huelo, i hana i kahi mahele. ʻOi aku ka lōʻihi o ka wāwae ʻehā ma mua o ke kolu. I nā kāne pākeke, 3-5 mau lālani corosus callosum i mua o ka laka cacal a me kahi pūʻulu nui o ia mau unahi i ka waena o ka ʻōpū.

ʻO ka hiʻohiʻona ākea o ke kino o luna o ka hoʻomana Caucasian he hina oliva, ʻeleʻele poloka, ʻeleʻele a hina hina paha, e hilinaʻi nui ʻia ana i ka wā o ke kaiapuni ʻana. Ma nā ʻāpana kukui māmā, nā lehua ka hina hina, ma luna o ka basaltic - brown, ʻeleʻele, a me nā palahalula ʻulaʻula - ʻulaʻula. Ma nā ʻaoʻao o ke kua ke kau ʻia i kahi kaila ʻulaʻula a me nā kaila, me ka hoʻopuni ʻana i nā kaohi i ʻano like ʻole me nā kikowaena lika ma nā wahi, kahi ma waena o ka mea i noho ai e ka ʻeleʻele a me nā ʻili nā wai. ʻAno polū a hina paha kahi ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū, kahi mea maʻamau no nā wahine makua. ʻO ka ʻāʻī he kuʻuna me ke kumu makika ʻokoʻa a emi ʻole paha. I ka wā mālama, ʻo ka ʻūʻī, ka umauma, nā forelegs a me kekahi ʻōpū e lilo i ʻeleʻele-uliuli, ʻeleʻele. Kailele ʻia i nā kīwaha i hoʻohālikelike ʻia. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ka poʻe ʻōpala i ka wā i loaʻa ai nā mālamalama liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi a i ʻole nā ​​ʻuʻuku e palahalaha ma ka ʻaoʻao o luna o ke kino a me nā kala like nui o nā ʻupu nui ma hope o ke poʻo, ka umauma, ka ʻūhā, ka lalo o nā wāwae hind a me ka huelo. ʻO nā kukui a me nā kukui polū e kū mālie i ke kua o hope o nā makahiki. Hoʻopilikia ke kala o ke kino. Ma hope o ka hopu ʻana a hōʻemi pōpoki pōkole ʻoi loa, hoʻomālamalama pinepine ʻia nā ʻāpana kukui a loaʻa iā lākou kahi ʻeleʻeleʻeleʻele, kahi ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele.

Hoʻopili ʻia ma ka ʻaoʻao hikina o Caucasus, North-East Turkey, Iran, Iraq, Afghanistan, North-West Pakistan a me ke kūkulu hema o Central Asia. Ma USSR - ma East and Southern Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaijan, ka mauna nui ʻo Dagestan a me Southern Turkmenistan.

Noho ka subspecies nominative noho i loko o USSR A. s. caucasica (Eichw., 1831). ʻO ka lua o nā subspecies ʻo A. s. microlepis (Blanf., 1874), ma mua i manaʻo ʻia he ʻano kūʻokoʻa, ka mea i kahele ʻia ma ka ʻaoʻao hikina o Iran. Hoʻonohonoho ʻia e ka nui o nā unahi ma waena o ke kino (177-235 i nā kāne a me 190-239 i nā wahine).

Noho ka Caucasian agama ma nā kuahiwi, kahi i hoʻopili ai ʻo ia i nā pōhaku, nā pali nui a me nā lāʻau liʻiliʻi, nā lāʻau maloʻo a me nā poloka i nee ʻia. Noho ia ma nā wahi ma nā pali pālahalaha pāloi a me nā papa palupalu i nā wahi maloʻo. Loaʻa ʻia kekahi o nā wahi o nā pā, i nā pā pōhaku a me nā ʻaoʻao o nā alanui. Ma nā kuahiwi e ʻike ʻia ai kahi kiʻekiʻe o 3370 m ma luna o ke kai. E like me nā pale, e hoʻohana i nā ʻano pāʻai ʻole, nā ʻ a me nā indentations ma ka ʻōpala, nā alapine a me nā wahi ma waena o nā pōhaku, i ʻole ka maʻamau, nā kuʻi. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia kekahi puʻina e kekahi mau kanaka. ʻO nā ʻūhā hoʻoilo no ka hoʻoilo ma waena o nā pōhaku a i ʻole hohonu e waiho hohonu ana i nā papa o nā pōhaku sedimentary. Hoʻokomo pinepine ʻia nā Winters i nā pūʻulu, i kekahi manawa a hoʻokahi haneri kanaka. Ma ke kahakai o Lake Sevan (ma Armenia) i ka hopena o Mei, ʻo ka nui o ka lehulehu ka nui o 86 i kēlā me 1 km. Ma Turkmenistan, 1.7–13.1 kanaka i helu ʻia ma kahi ala 10-km.

Ma hope o ka hoʻoilo, kau i ka waena o Malaki - i hala i ka lā o ʻApelila. I ka hoʻoilo he hana ia a hiki i ʻOkakopa - ʻ Decemberlelo o Dekemaba, i nā kauwela mahana e hana pū ana nō ia ma Ianuali. Mālama ia i nā mea inikini a me nā huaʻāina ʻē aʻe, e ʻai pū ana i nā poʻo a me nā pua pua, nā ʻōpala maloʻo a me nā lau, nā hua ʻo Hawthorn, me ka hua o ka blackberry. Nui nā hihia o ka hoʻouka ʻana i ka lizards liʻiliʻi - gologlases, geckos, lizards, rock lizards. Ma Azerbaijan, ʻike ʻia nā mau manu (44,2%) i loko o ka ʻōpū o ka agam, ka nui o nā ʻeleʻele a me nā ʻōpala o nā ʻāina, nā orthopterans (20.2%), nā pīpī manu (13.7%), nā piula (8%), a me nā lau a me nā mea kanu manu. I Georgia, ʻo kā lākou meaʻai ka poʻe o nā antsolika (42.1%), nā mau pīpī (20,3%), nā butterflies (14%), nā ʻūlū (12,5%), nā mollusks, nā makika lāʻau a me nā mea ulu (3.2% a kēlā me kēia) - Ma ka helu , loaʻa nā ʻōpala lāʻau i nā ʻōpū nui. I Iune, ma Dagestan, ua hānai nā kānaka ʻAmelika i ka poʻe pōpoki (91.9%), orthoptera (51.6%), hymenoptera (29%), nā pata (20.9%), a me nā kiʻi (17.7%). ʻO ka hapa nui o nā ʻōpū pū kekahi pūpū meaʻai. I ka pūnāwai a me ke kauwela kauwela, i ke komohana hema o Turkmenistan, eʻai nā ʻōpala i nā pīpī (58.3%), mauʻu (44.2%), nā butterflies (44.2%), orthoptera (15.9%), a me nā wahi ʻōmaʻomaʻo o nā mea kanu (58. 3%). Ma ke kūkulu hema ʻo Turkmenistan, aia ka poʻe pīpī i waiho i nā wahi hoʻomaha i ka hoʻoilo i ka hoʻoilo i ka hoʻoilo i ka honu i ka nui (82%), kahi o ka hapalua he mau ladybugs.

Hoʻomaka ka hana hoʻohālikelike ʻana ʻo Agam ma hope o ke ala ʻana e kū a hiki i ka hoʻomaka. ʻO nā keikikāne kāne me nā wahine he nui e noho ana ma kāna pūnaewele, ka mea i ʻano he ʻano "harem". Ke neʻe nei nā wahine i nā wahi lōʻihi i nā wahi moe. Ma Transcaucasia, ʻike ʻia nā mea me nā hua manu i nā oviducts mai ka waena o Iune a hiki i ke aumoe o Iulai; i Turkmenistan, ua kau ʻia ka hua manu ma Mei-Iune. Hiki i 2 masonry no kēlā me kēia makahiki.

ʻO nā wahine ʻōpio me ka lōʻihi o 98-110 mm e waiho ana i ka 4-6, a me ka lōʻihi o 130 mm a i ʻole - 12-14 hua a me ka nui o 15-17X22-26 mm. ʻO 36-38 ʻōpio ka lōʻihi (ʻaʻohe huelo) e ʻike ʻia i Iulai-Kepakemapa. Ma Transcaucasia, ka wā makua i ka hoʻomana Caucasian i loko o ke kolu o ka makahiki o ke ola ʻana i nā wahine me ka lōʻihi o ke kino he 96-98 mm, ma Turkmenistan, ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka poʻe hua mua ma ke kino he 110-120 mm.

(Eichwald, 1831)
(= Stellio caucasius Eichwald, 1831, Agama caucasia (Eichwald, 1831), Agama reticulata Nikolsky, 1912)

Kāleka.Nui ʻO nā lizards me ka nui o ke kino a hiki i ka 15-16 cm a me ka lōʻihi o ka huelo a hiki i 20-23 cm. He liʻiliʻi ka nui o nā moemoe ma mua o nā wahine. ʻO ka pūpū a me ke poʻo, a me ke kumu o ka huelo, ua ikaika ikaika i hoʻopāʻū ʻia .

Nā kaulike he kino he kino: aia ma ke kuahiwi he ala o ka pentagonal a hexagonal, aneane a ʻūhā iki ʻole paha, a i ʻole nā ​​ʻāpana o nā ʻāpana poʻohiwi, ʻaʻole wale nō i ka hiʻohiʻona, akā i ka nui o ka nui o ka poʻohiwi e lilo ai lākou i liʻiliʻi a laila huli ʻia i loko o nā kaulike nui ʻāʻī. Ma hope o ka membrane tympanic a ma nā ʻaoʻao o ka ʻāʻī he mau ʻili o ka ʻili, ua uhi ʻia ma ko lākou mau hakahaka me nā mea hoʻonui. Nā pahu kaulina he mau manawa ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o ka caudal. Nā pahu kaulona quadrangular, kūleʻa a paʻa i kēlā a me nā mea liʻiliʻi a me nā laina longitudinal maʻamau. Nā mea ʻona a maemae ka umauma, he iwilie. Ua wehewehe ʻia ka ʻōpala. Nā lāʻau kālele me nā ʻāpana huhū i huli i ka pupu pōkole pōkole, pōkole pōkole a loaʻa i loko o nā apo hāhai i kahi maʻamau: ʻo kēlā me kēia mau anana (he nui loa a ʻekolu) nā apo i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i kahi ʻāpana kūpono i kū i kahi vertebra caudal.

Kiʻi Kiʻi ʻAkana:
1 - Himalayan agama (Laudakia himalayana), 2 - Kaola haipule 3 - Khorasan agama (Laudakia erythrogastra), 4 - Turkestan agama (Laudakia lehmanni) a me 5 - steppe agama (Trapelus sanguinolentus)

ʻAno manakia ʻūhā wāwae i hoʻopaʻa ʻia me ke kīwī, ʻehā wāwae ʻoi aku ia ma mua o ke kolu. I nā kāne pākeke, 3-5 mau lālani corpus callosum (ka ʻili) i mua o ka laka lauahi a me kahi pūʻulu o ia mau unahi i waena o ka ʻōpū.

Pau loa ʻokoʻa ʻo ka ʻaoʻao o luna o ka hina hina, hina a ʻeleʻele paha a hina hina paha me nā mea ʻeleʻele liʻiliʻi a i ʻole nā ​​melemele paha, e hana ana i kahi ʻano moʻo mosaic paʻakikī. ʻO ka kala pili i nā mea pili i ke kaʻe o ka ʻāina a ma ka kūlana o ka physiological o ka holoholona. Ma nā ʻāpana kukui māmā, ʻo ka lizards ka hina hina, aʻo ka puna basaltic ka ʻulaʻula, pinepine a ʻeleʻele. I nā wahine wahine ka māmā, ka ʻulaʻula-ʻulaʻula, i nā kāne - hina hina, ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele i waenakonu a i mua o nā kuʻi cloac. ʻO ka ʻūhā ke kala like, akā me kahi hiʻohiʻona he kiʻi ʻekahi ala a ʻoi aku paha.

AT wā hoʻoulu ka ʻāʻī, ka umauma, nā puʻupuʻu a ʻo kekahi ʻāpana i loaʻa i ka ʻāhinahina-uliuli nui, ʻokoʻa loa ia ʻeleʻele. Kailele ʻia i nā kīwaha i hoʻohālikelike ʻia.

Kālā. He mea maʻamau ka hoʻomana Caucasian ma ka ʻaoʻao hikina o Caucasus, northeheast Turkey, ma Iran ʻĀina, Iraq, Afghanistan, komohana-hema a Pakistan hoʻi i ka hema o Central Asia. Ma loko o ka US mua ma mua a ma waena o Georgia, a me ʻAsia, ʻAmelia, ʻAzakopajan, ʻo ka mea nui i ka Central Asia ʻo Turkmenistan: ʻo Krasnovodsk Plateau, Meshed Sands, Maliʻa a me Big Balkhan, Kopetdag a me Badkhyz. Ma mua aʻe o ka hikina, ʻike ʻia nā wahi mai ka wahi ma Chubek (hema Tajikistan). Ma ka ʻāpana o Rūsia ua loaʻa i Dagestan ma ke kahaha ʻo Kumtor-Kala a, ma ke ʻano i nā palapala paʻi, kokoke i nā kauhale o Akhty a me Rutul.

ʻO ke ʻauhau o nā ʻanoʻaoʻao. Ma ka'āina o Rūsia a me nā ʻāina kahiki he ʻelua mau ʻāpana ʻōlelo: Laudakia caucasia caucasia a Laudakia caucasia triannulata Ananjeva et Atajev, 1984. Kupa ʻia ka lua o nā subspecies mai nā Meshed Sands kahi kokoke i ke kauhale o Madau.

Hoʻaiho. Noho ia ma nā kuahiwi, kahi i pili ai nui nā pōhaku , nā ʻōpala i kālai ʻia me nā mea kanu sperse xerophytic a me nā poloka papa mokū. Hoʻomoana nui kēia mau anuʻu xerophilous i nā biotopes mauna a pau loa. ʻO kekahi manawa, e like me ka lula o ka nui o Laudakia caucasia triannulaia ma Turkmenistan, ola nā ʻōpala ma nā kahe o nā kahawai palupalu, ʻoki ʻia nā kuʻuna o nā ʻāpana me kahi hui o Kandym-Cherkess-bogalychevy e hana ana me kahi bluegrass sedge i kahi kiʻekiʻe o 180-200 m ma luna o ke kai. Loaʻa ʻia kekahi o nā wahi o nā pā, ma nā pā pōhaku e pono ai. Kaulana i nā kuahiwi i nā kāʻei āpau e hoʻomaka ana mai ka puʻu ʻōpala i kahi kiʻekiʻe o 3370 m ma luna o ke kai. ʻO kekahi manawa ala i luna i nā lāʻau a me nā lāʻau no ka ʻimi ʻana i nā meaʻai a me nā hale noho. E like me nā pale, e hoʻohana i nā hāmaha, nā puʻu a me nā ʻalike i nā pōhaku, ma waena o nā pali a me ka hapa ʻole, nā ʻuā. Ka nui o nā pōhaku o nā ʻāpana like ʻole ma lalo o nā kuahiwi o nā kuahiwi e hoʻokumu i nā kūlana kūpono no ke ola, ma laila ke hoʻonui nui ʻia o nā poʻe. ʻO nā hale noho punahele nā ​​hale kahiko a paʻa i nā pā hale paʻa.

Kahi hana. ʻO ka hana maʻamau i kēlā me kēia lā. Mamuli o ka mahana i loko o ka puna a me ka ʻohi, loaʻa nā agams wale nō i ka waena o ka lā, a ma nā lā wela o ke kauwela, ke ʻano lākou i ʻelua mau ʻano o ke ʻano hana: kakahiaka a me ke ahiahi. ʻO nā Caucasian agama he mau hanana maʻamau, ʻo ia kekahi o nā nui loa o Turkmenistan a me Transcaucasus. I ka awelika, 3-5 ka poʻe i kahi 1 ha i lawe ʻia i ka 1 km o ka huakaʻi ma Turkmenistan.

Hoʻopili. Hoʻomaka ka ʻōpala i ka hua o ka makahiki ʻekolu o ke ola me ka loa o ke kino ʻoi aku ma mua o 100 mm. Hoʻokomo ka lā o ka kalima i nā kūlana kūpono o ka makahiki a me ka ʻāina, e hoʻomaka ana ma mua o kekahi paele nā kamakū e noho ana ma nā wahi haʻahaʻa o nā kuahiwi (i nā lā mua 10 o Malaki), a me ka hoʻomake ʻana i ka nui o ʻApelila-Mei. Hoʻohana pinepine ka kāne me nā wahine 2-3 mau i ke ola ma luna o kāna pūnaewele, ka ʻano o "harem". Nā hana hua manu (mai 5 a 14) i ka hopena o Mei - Iulai. Hōʻike nā ʻōpio mai nā hua hua, e hoʻomaka ma ka hopena o Iulai, ʻo ka wā incubation ma kahi o 2 mau mahina, ʻo ka nui o ke kino o nā pēpē hou 36-45 mm.

Mea ʻai. Hoʻoki lākou i nā iniseti, nā ʻano like ʻole, hymenoptera, ʻūlima, lepidopterans, millipedes, spiders, kakaʻikahi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi (nā lizards liʻiliʻi, nā nāhelehele makapō), nā phalanges.Hoʻokomo ka hana nui i ka mea ʻai i nā mea kanu mea kanu, ʻo ia ka nui o nā poʻo pua a me nā pua pua, nā ʻōpala maloʻo a me nā lau, nā hua momona hawthorn, buckthorn a me nā ʻeleʻele blackberry.

Hoʻoilo. ʻO nā māla ma nā ʻeke pōhaku, nā pali a me nā puʻu, ma lalo o nā pōhaku ma kahi hohonu o 5-45 cm, i kekahi manawa ma nā pūʻulu a hiki i 35 mau kanaka. I ka hoʻoilo hoʻoilo like ʻole e noho i nā holoholona o nā ʻano like ʻole, aʻo nā ʻōpio ʻōpio a me nā pākeke i ʻokoʻa kaawale. ʻO ka hoʻoilo ma Turkmenistan e hoʻomaka ana mai Nowemapa a i ka hoʻomaka o Malaki, ma nā kuahiwi o Kaukususaka mai Okakopa a Malaki.

Nā ʻano like ʻole. Mai nā mea ʻē aʻe (Himalayan, Chernova), hoʻokaʻawale ka ʻōpek Caucasian i nā nui nui. Mai Khorasan agama - ke kani kūpeʻe a me nā ʻāpana pectoral, a mai Tureke.

I loko o ka'āina "Ecosystem" hiki iā ʻoe e kiʻi ʻāpana ʻāpana kala "ʻAmolihea a me nā reptiles o waena o Rūsia "a me ka mea kuhikuhi kamepiula o nā reptile (reptile) o Rūsia a me USSR, a me nā mea hoʻonaʻauao ʻē aʻe i nā holoholona a me nā mea kanu o Lūkia (see ma lalo).

Ma kā mākou pūnaewele hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i ka ʻike ma ka anatomy, morphology and ecology of reptiles : nā hiʻohiʻona laulā o nā reptile, integument, neʻe, a me nā ʻōpū o nā reptiles, ka huehue a me ka meaʻai,