ʻO Cochineal Ararat - like me nā aphids, nā cicadas a me nā lau-manu. Kēia mau ʻōmaʻomaʻo āpau he ʻelele o ke ʻano o ka ʻēheu, e ʻai ana ma ka ʻu o nā mea kanu.
I keia hana, aia nā mākaʻi a me ka huʻihuʻi waha e hoʻohana ai i nā lau a me nā kumu o nā mea kanu a hoʻomaʻū i nā wai momona.
ʻO ka kala kala cochineal
ʻO Ararat cochineal i lālā o ka ʻohana ʻoiaʻiʻo ʻehā. ʻO ke ʻano he henie ka mea hali porphyry, i hōʻike ʻia ma ke kaona ʻoi i ka pepeke. I ka wā kahiko, ʻo ke kapa o nā aliʻi, i kapa ʻia ʻo ka porphyry, he ʻehina cherry, ua kāʻili ʻia kēia kiʻi pena mai nā mollusks.
Kelemania ʻAmelika Cochineal (Porphyrophora hamelii).
I ke ʻano o nā ʻaina ʻē no ke kālā he nui, no ka mea he nui nā clams e pono ai ka hana, ʻo nā mea hoʻohana ʻē aʻe e hana i ka mōʻī no ko lākou ola ponoʻī. He ʻano hanohano ka manaʻo o Cochineal ma ke ʻano, i nā ʻano ʻonohihi ʻalani i loko o kona kino.
Mūnū o nā cochineals
He kino ʻōmaʻomaʻo wahine nā wahine. ʻAi lākou i ka wai o nā mea kanu a hoʻolilo i ka manawa nui i nā kumu o nā ʻohe a me nā mea kanu kai, e ulu ana ma ka lau paʻakai.
Loaʻa i nā Cochineals i kahi kapa pale cherry.
Pale aku ka lōʻihi o nā wahine i ka 2-12 milimita ka lōʻihi, a ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā kāne ma mua o nā wahine: ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ko lākou kino kino ma kahi o ke anuanu 2.
Akā ma kahi ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, loaʻa nā kāne i kahi lei - ka mākele o nā kaula silk keʻokeʻo.
Ma ke kino o nā wahine aia nā hue kaawale, kahi i hana ʻia ai kahi waiwai kūikawā, ka mea e hoʻopiʻi ai i ka uhi pale o ka cherry-red porphyry.
Kākau ola Cochineal
I Kepakemapa-ʻOkakopa, koho ʻia nā kāne a me nā wahine ma ka pā lepo a ua hana ka hana hoʻomoe. Ma hope o ka moe ʻana, ma hope o kekahi mau hola, make nā kāne, a hāʻule ka wahine i loko o ka lepo. I ka lepo, hana lākou i nā ʻeke huaʻai mai nā mea huna o nā kau i kau ʻia ai nā hua. Hāpai kekahi mau wahine i ka hua he 800.
Ma muli o ka makemake ʻenehana i kēia mau manu, ua emi ka nui o nā cochineals.
I ka lāʻApelila-Mei, ʻike ʻia nā laka. Hoʻopili koke lākou i nā rhizome o nā mea kanu a hoʻomaka e hānai i kā lākou wai. Ma hope o ka molting, lilo ka larva i puni a uhi ʻia me ka pale pale. Ma hope o kekahi manawa, e kiʻi ana nā palu i ka ʻili, a laila huli hou aʻe a hana i kahi pala lau maloʻo keʻokeʻo iā lākou iho. Mai kēia mau keiki ʻōpiopio e loaʻa mai. A kūkulu ʻia nā wahine me nā loulou hou aʻe.
ʻAʻole he holoholona weliweli ʻo Cochineal, akā he hoa aloha o ke kanaka!
I kēia lā ua loaʻa iaʻu ka helu helu mua o kaʻu punahele - "Science and Life" (http://www.nkj.ru)
Aia ma ka ʻaoʻao 26 he 'atikala hoihoi "He aha mākou i hana ai? No ka mea a mākou mea e' ai ai." He nui na mea e pili ana i ka hoʻohui 'ōlelo me nā mea e pono ai lākou a me nā pōʻino a ma ka mea pono o ka cochineal.
I loko o ka moʻomeheu blog o kēia lā, nui ka mea i ʻike i kahi ʻatikala - "ʻO wai ka Framed Coca-Cola?" (www.livejournal.ru/themes/id/12503) - e ke ʻano, he moʻolelo paʻakikī loa.
A aia kahi nīnau kūpono aʻe - he aha ia holoholona i kū ai a no ke aha e ʻai ʻia ai,
No laila, e haʻi aku wau iā ʻoe e pili ana i ka cochineal Mexico maikaʻi loa (he mea ʻo ia ʻo ka mealybug cochineal, ʻo ia ʻo Dactylopius coccus) mai ka ʻohana Kermes (Kermococcidae), kahi limahana o ka ʻōpū.
PS - Lawe ʻia mai ka Wikipedia.
Noho ma cacti o ke ʻano Opuntia a alakaʻi i kahi ʻano neʻe hū ʻole.
Kiʻi kiʻi: http://www.chm.bris.ac.uk
A hou aʻe.
Mea hoʻoweliweli - lawe ʻia ma www.sel.barc.usda.gov
Ua ʻōlelo ʻia ka pilina blog ma ka haʻi ʻia (me ka pili ʻana i nā media he nui) e hoʻonui ana ʻo Coca-Cola i ka lepo mai ka wahine o kēia mau ʻano nane.
(Threat - A i ʻole cognac? ʻOkoʻa ke ʻano ʻana he nui he honi iā lākou, -)).
NOHANA. E hoʻolōʻihi i ka mea heluhelu.
ʻAʻohe mea inana i ka mea inu. ʻO ka dye carmine wale nō (aka E120) kahi i kāʻili ʻia mai lākou mai, i hoʻohui ʻia i nā huahana he nui e hāʻawi i ka waihoʻoluʻu.
PS - Ua lawe ʻia ke kiʻi mai ka pūnaewele http://www.itg.be
E like me kāu e ʻike ai mai ka caption mua a hiki i ke kiʻi - ua hoʻohana pū ʻia kēia māhele i ka lāʻau lapaʻau.
ʻO ka hana nui o kēia ʻano pepeke i loko o ke kanaka he mea koʻikoʻi loa ia no ʻo Cape Verde i hoʻolaʻa i kahi pou paʻi no ia.
(PS: mahalo aloha iā philatelists mai http://biostamps.narod.ru)
A hiki i ka makahiki 9, ua loaʻa ka waihona i ka cochineal (i kapa ʻia ʻo "tuna koko", a me ka carmazine a me ka carmine) i hoʻohana nui ʻia no nā mea hana ʻala, e loaʻa ana i kahi kala kala ʻulaʻula. Ma ke ala, ua hoʻoholo pono ʻia nā pua pua cochineal e ka hoʻohui ʻana o ka wai cactus kahi e noho ai kēia mea ola.
Ma ʻAmelika ʻAmelika a me ʻAmelika (i ka makahiki 14,) a ma Sepania, ʻo ka cochineal kahi huahana o ka hana ʻana i ka ʻenehana, ka nui o ia mea e ulu mau ana a hiki i ke komo ʻana o ka mea make aleli o Alizarin i ka ʻ centurylelo IXX.
Ma ka ʻoi loa o ke kumu kūʻai, hoʻololi koke ʻo alizarin i ka cochineal mai nā mākeke honua, a hiki i kahi pilikia i Sepania, kahi i uku nui ai ka nui o nā huahana cochineal.
Hoʻomaka ka mea āpau e hoʻi i ka nohona mai ka wā i hopohopo ai ke kanaka e pili ana i ka koi o kona ola a me ka hopohopo no ke olakino.
Ua hōʻike ʻia nā haʻawina i nā makahiki 90 o ke kenekulia XX, he mea nui ke hoʻohana ʻana i ka cochineal i nā manawa like ʻole i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā mea hoʻonaninani. A ʻo nā mea āpau no ka mea ʻaʻole ka hona a me nā carcinogens a he mea maikaʻi ia, he huahana o NATURAL origin (PS - ʻaʻole hāʻawi ka meli i nā bipi, pū kekahi).
EʻOLOHE e like me kekahi huahana - he wai a hoʻāla a inu paha - hiki ke hui aku a hoʻonāukiuki i kahi ʻano alerine (ʻike ʻia nā kuʻuna like ʻole), ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia mai nā huaʻai, nā huaʻi huawa, waiū, etc. etc.
Aia i kekahi mea e pili ana i ka dye (e ʻike i lalo a mahalo hoʻi i ka ʻike kikoʻī ʻana o ke kumuhana i nā keiki kāne mai ka http://www.e-124.ru).
Kalehina
Pākuʻi ʻia ka makehe Cochineal i ʻelua ʻano nui: ke kaʻi ʻana o ka cochineal - kahi make i hana ʻia mai nā mea waiwai o nā mea ʻala a me ka pulupulu, a me ke kālai ʻia - he mau ʻāpana maʻemaʻe i hana ʻia mai ka cochineal. I ka hana ʻana o ka carmine, ua hoʻolapalapa ʻia ka paukū pepeke i loko o ka hopena o ka ammonia a i ʻole ka sodium carbonate, a laila e kānana ʻia ka hoʻonāwale e wehe i nā ʻāpana o ka insoluble, hoʻohui ʻia ka alum i ka wai paʻakai ʻemala o ka waihue e hoʻopau i kahi pākēnē ʻulaʻula. Hoʻomaopopo ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻōmaʻomaʻo e ka nele o ka hao. No ka pale aku i ka hana o ka sediment, ka pā dichloride, ka citric acid, borax, a i ole gelatin. E kiʻi i ka hue uliuli, hoʻohui ʻia ka lime i ka alum.
Mai ka makahiki 2005, ua hoʻopuka ʻo Peru i ka 200 tone o ka loko o ka cochineal i kēlā me kēia makahiki, a me 20 mau makahiki pākēkē i kēlā me kēia makahiki ma ka Canary Islands. ʻO ka manawa koke, ua hoʻomaka pū kekahi ʻo Chile a me Mekiko e hoʻoili i ka cochineal. Ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo Farani he nui o nā mea hoʻopuka nui o nā cochineals. Hoʻokomo pū ʻia nā mea hihiu ʻo Iapana a me Italia. Hoʻopili ʻia ka hapa nui o nā huahana i lawe ʻia a kau hou ʻia i nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe ʻē aʻe. Mai ka makahiki 2005, ʻo ke kumukūʻai mākeke o ka cochineal ma waena o 50 a me 80 US dala no ke kilokilo, aʻo nā mea ʻolua no nā mea ʻai synthetic e kūʻai ʻia ma ke kumukūʻai o 10 i 20 US mau kālā no ka kilogram. [. [U. ]
Hoʻohana i kēia mau lā no nā lole hoʻolilo a me nā mea hoʻonaninani, ʻo ke ʻano he mea kūlohelohe maʻamau, ʻo ia hoʻi ma ka ʻenehana, ʻo ka aila a me ka catcolor paints. Ke hoʻohana ʻia ʻo ia ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻohui meaʻai, pono e hōʻike ʻia ka waele ma ka pōpoki huahana. I kekahi manawa ua hōʻailona ʻia ka carmine me ka index E120. Hiki i kekahi poʻe ke hoʻomau i kahi alerine e kālai ai. ʻO kahi hui kūlohelohe nāwaliwali (atrial fibrillation) a koʻikoʻi (kūnū anaphylactic). I kekahi poʻe, hoʻomaka ka carmine i ka hōʻeha ʻana i ka hika. ʻO Cochineal kekahi o nā puʻupuʻa i hōʻike ʻia e ka Hyperactive Support Support Group i ka waiho ʻole ʻana mai ka meaʻai o nā keiki. No nā vegans, he nui nā Mōkelika a me nā Iudaio, ʻaʻole ʻike ke kāheʻe maoli ka lāʻau, a ʻo ka meaʻai i loko o ka carmine (haraam no nā muslim a me nā mea ʻole maikaʻi no nā Iudaio) ua pāpā ʻia no ka mea ua make kēia make mai nā pepeke.
ʻO ka Cochineal kekahi o nā pulu liʻiliʻi o ka hopena i loko o ka wai a kū i nā hōʻino i ka wā lōʻihi. ʻO ka Cochineal kekahi o nā mea i kūlohelohe loa i ka wela, kū i ka hoʻoneʻe ʻana a me ka palupalu, a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka pena ʻana o nā meaʻai meaʻai synthetic. Hoʻohana ka puka hoʻohuihui wai me ka wai ʻawaʻawa me nā kalima kalima, hoʻohana ʻia ka puka plololi ma ka nui o nā huahana. K hoʻohui ʻia ka waiwa me ka ʻoniʻoni a me nā mea ʻami ʻomo i ka ʻiʻo, sausages, nā huahana i hoʻouluulu ʻia me nā huaʻai (ma United States. kuʻala, nā ʻoni, nā mea ʻala, nā kuʻi gula, nā hoʻopiha pie, nā kīʻaha, nā mālama, nā jellies, nā hua inu, nā ʻano like ʻole o ke kao cheddar a me nā huahana waiū, nā ʻano a me nā ʻala. I kekahi makahiki, loaʻa kahi kanaka mai ka meaʻai i hoʻokahi a ʻelua mau wai o ka waila carmine.
ʻO Palinine kekahi o nā puaʻa liʻiliʻi i palekana no ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea hoʻonanea. Hoʻohana ʻia ka nui o ka carmine insoluble i loko o ka ʻoihana hoʻonaninani no ka hana ʻana o ka lauoho a me nā huahana mālama mālama ʻili, lipsticks, bed powder, ʻili a me ka pale o ka maka. ʻO ka hoʻoneʻe ʻulaʻula a me nā kahe carmine, i hoʻohana ʻia ma ka microbiology, ua hana ʻia mai kahi kālai carmine. I loko o kahiʻoihana lapaʻau, hoʻohana ʻia ka cochineal e hoʻohui i nā papa a me nā aila.
ʻO ka kumu o ke ʻano a me ka wehewehe
No Cochineal no nā pepeke parirau semi-rigid. ʻAʻole hiki i nā kānaka ʻepekema ke kapa inoa i ka manawa kūpono o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o kēia mau manu. ʻOiai i loko o ka pila Baibala, kahi poni ulana, ka mea i lawe ʻia ʻia mai ka ʻōpio burgundy, ua ʻōlelo ʻia.
Mea hoihoi: Kupanaha, loaʻa ka dye kūikawā mai nā wahine o kēia mau mea hihiu. No kēia mea, ʻo nā huaʻehā o ka wā ʻole e hoʻomoe i ka hua e ʻohi pono ʻia. A laila, ma lalo o ke kumu o nā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe a i ʻole me ke kōkua o ka huehue acetic, e hoʻomaloʻo a ʻae ʻia ia. Ua hoʻonohonoho ʻia i hoʻokahi pepekahi, ʻo ka nui o ka mea ʻaʻole iʻoi aku ma mua o ʻelua kūmole, hiki ke hana i kahi i kahi e waiho pono ai ke hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka waiwai, he mau kenimika ka nui.
ʻOiai ma ka Lūkia kahiko, makemake nui nā kānaka i ka lawe ʻana a me ka hoʻoulu ʻana i kahi pepeke e loaʻa i ka make. Ma 1768, ua hoʻolaha ʻo Catherine 2 i kahi kauoha e hōʻike ana i ka pono e ʻimi i kahi wīwī i ka ʻāina o ka Lūkini Lūkini. Ma kekahi manawa ma hope, i ka makahiki 1804, ua huli ʻo Prince Rumyantsev i ka Haku Kurakin me kahi noi e hoʻōla i nā ʻike a pau e pili ana i ka wīwī i aʻo ʻia ma ke kaona o Little Russia. ʻO Kurakin, i ka ʻohi ʻana, he ʻatikala i kahi papa inoa o ka ʻikepili: ka wehewehe i ke ʻano, ka hele ʻana o ke ola, ka nohona, ka uku ma ka manawa o ke aʻo. Ua aʻo pū ʻo ia i nā ʻōlelo pili a me nā ʻano o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana, ʻo ka ʻenehana no ka hana ʻana i ka pigment kala.
Wikiō: Cochineal
Ma hope o kēlā, ua hoʻomāhū ʻia ka ʻikepili i nā kūlana kūlohelohe e loaʻa ai nā ʻāpana pua. Ua hoʻohana nui ʻia i nā ʻano hana like ʻole. I ka kenekulia 20, ua hoʻokumu ʻia ka hana ʻana o nā waika synthetic, kahi e hāʻawi ai i ka hoʻēmi ʻana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea kūlohelohe i hoʻoneʻe ʻia mai ka cochineal. Akā, ua hoʻohana ʻia i loko o ka pharmacology, nā meaʻai meaʻai, nā mea ʻala, etc.
Nā hiʻohiʻona a me nā hiʻohiʻona
ʻO ke kiʻi: He aha ke ʻano o ka cochineal?
ʻOkoʻa nā wahine a me nā kāne no nā hiʻohiʻona like. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia nā wahine e ke kino ʻihiʻumi, convex. ʻAʻohe o lākou ʻēheu a like hoʻi me nā pua liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi. ʻO ka nui o ke kino e pili ana i 1-10cm, ʻo ka nui o ke kino o nā kāne ka liʻiliʻi, a he 2-6 milimita. ʻO ka paona kino wale nō kekahi mau karama. Hoʻohui ʻia ke kino i loko o kahi kala momona, makemake ʻia.
Ma ke kino o nā wahine wahine, aia nā mau wulu pilikino kūikawā e hūnā i kahi huna pilikino e hana ana i kahi kahapuni palekana. Loaʻa ia i kahi kala hina-keʻokeʻo. Ua uhi ʻia ke kino o nā ʻōpala i ka villi lōʻihi, lōʻihi. Ma ke kino o nā pepeke nā mea i kapa ʻia nā ulana e hoʻokaʻawale i ke kino i nā māhele lōʻihi a me nā kaula halihali. Loaʻa i nā hua manu nā ʻāpana o ke poʻo, kahi i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ai ke kino ma kahi puʻu hohonu. Ma ka poʻo poʻo i hoʻonohonoho pono ʻia, nā maka convex. I nā kāne, ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o nā maka, facet, ʻoi aku ka nui.
ʻO nā kāne, ka mea i hele i ka hāliʻi holomua o kā lākou hoʻomohala ʻana, ua like me nā ʻūlū. He ʻēheu ko lākou a hiki nō ke lele. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia lākou i nā wahine ma ke ʻano o nā mea nani - nā lōʻihi o ke kaʻa o ke kua no ka keʻokeʻo a ʻulaʻula paha. ʻO kā lākou lōʻihi ka nui o nā manawa ma mua o ka lōʻihi o ke kino. ʻEkolu mau pūpū o nā pepeke kahi e neʻe ai, a hiki ke waiho i ko lākou mau papa, e holo ana i ka papa.
ʻAuhea e noho ai ka cochineal?
Kuhi: Insect Cochineal
ʻO ka māhele o kēia ʻano pepeke ua nui loa. Nui nā ʻano o nā pepeke, kēlā me kēia o i noho i kekahi wahi. Ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo ʻAmelika Hema kahi ʻāina kūpilikiʻi.
He pālahalaha noho Geographic:
- ʻO Armenia, ʻo ke kai ʻo ia ka ʻaoʻao o ka muliwai ʻo Kū,
- kekahi mau māka o ka ʻAmelika,
- I Crimea,
- kekahi mau wahi i Belarus,
- kokoke pau loa o Ukraine,
- Ke Kahiʻo Tambov,
- nā wahi i wae ʻia o nā ʻaoʻao komohana o ʻEulopa,
- ʻĀina ʻAsia
- Samarkand.
Noho nā inikini i nā helu he nui i ka waonahele solonchak, a ma kahi e ulu ai nā mea kanu cactus. I nā kenekulia 16, ua loaʻa i nā ʻano cactus, kahi i hoʻopili ʻia ai nā pepeke, a ua ʻike ʻia i nā ʻāina o ʻEulopa a aʻoi e ulu iā lākou ma laila. Ma hope o kēia, ua hoʻomaka ka pōmaikaʻi ʻulaʻula maikaʻi i loko o nā kūlana kūlohelohe.
I kekahi mau'āina a i nā ʻāina hoʻi, ua hoʻokumu ʻia nā mahiʻai kūikawā kahi e hoʻopiʻi nui ʻia ai ka cochineal. Ua loaʻa kēlā mau mahiʻai ma Guatemala, ma nā Mokupuni o Canary, ma Sepania, ma ka ʻāina o nā mokupuni o ʻApika. Ua hōʻiliʻili ʻia ka nui o nā mea hihiu ma Mekiko a me Peru, a hiki i kēia lā, ua lawe ʻia ka lepo maoli i nā lāʻau ʻoi. Ma ʻEulopa, hoʻāʻo pū nō lākou e hana i nā mahiʻai like, ʻaʻole naʻe i kūmaʻa kēia mau hoʻāʻo ma muli o nā ʻano o nā kūlana kime a me ka ʻike o ka ʻike.
ʻĀnō ʻoe e ʻike ai i kahi o ka cochineal. E ʻike i nā mea e ʻai ai kēia pepeke.
He aha nā mea e ʻai ai ka cochineal?
Kuhi: Red Cochineal
He lolo parasitua ʻo Cochineal. Noho ke ola ʻo ka mea inika i nā mea kanu. Me ke kōkua o nā proboscis kūikawā, ua pili i ka ʻōpū o nā mea kanu a hoʻopili i ka wai a pau o ke ola. He mea maʻamau no ka kāne e neʻe mai ka lāʻau hoʻokahi i kekahi. Hoʻohana kā nā wahine i ko lākou ola āpau i hoʻokahi mea kanu. Hoʻopili maoli lākou i loko. ʻO ia ke kumu e hōʻiliʻili ai nā mea hana i nā iniseti e ʻokiʻoki iā lākou i nā lau ākea me ka puliki ʻoi loa.
ʻO ka mea hoihoi: loaʻa i nā pepeke kahi hue cherry ma muli o ka mea hānai lākou i ka wai o nā hua cactus ʻulaʻula.
Inā lawa ka ʻai, ua hoʻolaʻa ikaika nā pepeke i luna o ka lau. Ma muli o kēia, i nā mahiʻai he nui i ulu ai nā pōleʻa i nā kūlana kūlohelohe, ʻaʻole lākou e hōʻiliʻili ʻia me nā brushes a i ʻole nā mea hana ʻē aʻe, akā e hōʻuluʻulu wale i nā lau a waiho iā lākou i loko o nā pale. No laila, ʻoiai e hoʻomau nā mea kanu, ola nā pepeke a hānai iā lākou. I ka hoʻomaka ʻana e maloʻo nā lau cactus, hōʻiliʻili ʻia ka cochineal a hoʻoiho ʻia i loaʻa ai ka ʻāpana hāulaʻula.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o ke ʻano a me nā ʻano hana
Kiʻi: wahine Cochineal
No ka iniseti nona nā mea ola mua, alakaʻi ʻo ia i kahi ʻano haʻahaʻa o lalo o ka hale. Koho ʻia ka mea i luna i ka wā mālama. Ke alakaʻi nei nā poʻe wahine i kahi ola parasit.Hoʻopili lākou i ko lākou ola holoʻokoʻa ma ka lāʻau hoʻokahi, a ʻaʻole haʻalele iā ia. Hoʻopili maoli lākou ia.
I kēia mau lā, hōʻiliʻili i nā mea ʻepekema i nā ʻike he nui e pili ana i nā hiʻohiʻona o ke ola o ka iniseti. ʻO kēia ma muli o ka manaʻo i ka makahiki i kēia mau makahiki i makemake nui ai ia ia i mea he kumu no ka make.
Ua ʻike ʻia e koho ʻia nā wahine ma ka lepo lepo i ka manawa e hiki ai i ka wā e hānau. ʻO ka pinepine ka hana ʻana i kēia mahina i ka malama o Kepakemapa. Aia nō kēia manawa i ka maʻi pepeke, make ma hope. Noho hoʻokahi wahine i hoʻokahi malama ma mua o nā kāne. ʻO kēia no ka pono e haʻalele i ka hua.
He hana ʻole nā pepeke, a ʻo nā wahine paha. E neʻe hou aku ana nā neʻe palu, a ʻoi aku ka wikiwiki ma muli o ke ʻano o nā manamana a me ke alo o hoʻokahi mau ʻanuʻu. Ma ke ʻano maoli, nui a manuahi, ʻoi aku nā wahine i ka wā hoʻoulu.
He mea pono ia e loaʻa mua i nā wīwī wahine wahine i kahi ʻano lei, a laila elliptical, a i ʻole he kiko wale paha. I kēia manawa, nalowale lākou i ko lākou antennae a me nā manamana lima, e hana ana i ka cyst. ʻO ke ʻano o ka cysts he ʻano hoʻohālikelike o ka wahine a me nā kāne.
ʻO ka hoʻolālā ʻenehana a me ka hana hou
I kēlā manawa, ke mākaukau nei nā kāne a me nā kāne no ka hoʻoulu ʻana, lele lākou i luna o ka honua. Ma hope koke o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana o ka wahine, make ke kāne. Noho ke wahine ma kahi o 28-30 mau lā hou aku. I nā wahine i piʻi i ka lehelehe, aneane ka ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū āpau i noho ʻia e ka ʻōnaehana.
I hoike ʻia e nā kino:
- ʻelua makahiki ʻehā
- kapili
- hoʻokipa
- spermathekami.
Ma hope o ka hele ʻana o ka paila, kanu ʻia kēlā kanaka wahine i ka lepo i ka hohonu o 1.5-2 mau kenimika. I ka lepo o ka wahine, me ke kōkua o kona mau maka, ua ulana lākou i nā kaula i ulana ʻia i loaʻa mai kahi ʻeke, a i ʻole hoʻi iʻa lau no nā hua. Hānau ʻia kēlā me kēia wahine i hoʻokahi mamo. I hoʻokahi manawa, hiki iā ia ke waiho i nā ʻōpū 800-1000. Ma hope o kā hūnā ʻia nā hua i loko o ka niu wai, moe kolohe ke wahine a make, uhi lākou iā lākou me kona kino. Ma hope aʻe, pale iā ia i ka hanauna e hiki mai ana.
I ka lepo ma lalo o ke kino o ka wahine, i loko o kahi pulu pale pale, hoʻopau lākou iā 7-8 mahina. I ka hopena o Malaki, i ka lā mua o ʻApelila, lōʻihi, ka lōʻihi o ka lālani elongated mai ka lālani. Hoʻohālikelike lākou i ka hele ʻana o nā antennae, manamana, a me ke kapa lōʻihi i ke ʻano o ka proboscis. Ke hoʻohana nei i kēia mau bristles, pili ka wahine i kā lākou mea kanu i nā mea kanu a lākou e hoʻomaʻamaʻa mai ai. A laila hoʻonui mālie ka nui o nā wahine i ka nui, nalowale i ko lākou antennae a me nā manamana, a hana i kahi pūpiki. He mea maʻamau no nā kāne ke hana i kahi pōkole. Eia naʻe, ʻo ka nui o nā cysts o nā kāne, he like ia i ka hapalua o nā wahine. A puni ka hopena o ke kauwela, ua hana nā cysts i ka metamorphosis i ka manawa o nā extremities a me nā antennae i loko o nā wahine wahine.
ʻO nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe o nā cochineals
ʻO ke kiʻi: He aha ke ʻano o ka cochineal?
Ke noho nei i nā nohona kūlohelohe, hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻole nā pepeke i loko o ka ʻenemi maoli. ʻO kēia ke kumu no ka mālama ʻole ʻana i ka meaʻai no nā manu, a me nā holoholona ʻē aʻe a me nā holoholona. ʻO ka ʻenemi maikaʻi loa o nā cochineals i manaʻo ʻia he kanaka. I ka wā mua, ua luku ʻia nā mea ʻino i nā mea nui i loaʻa i ka mea i kapa ʻia ke dye - ka carmine. Aia ke ʻano o kēia ʻano lepo i lalo o ka inoa carmine, a i ʻole ka mea ʻai meaʻai E 120. ākea ka pālahalaha a me ke noi o ka carmine.
Aia ma kahi o ka hiʻona kala e hoʻohana ai:
- ʻOihana meaʻai. Hoʻohui ʻia i nā mea momona kalaka a me nā mea inu wai, i ka hana ʻana o nā huahana o ka ʻiʻo, ka confectionery, jelly, marmalade, ice cream, sauces, cereals kakahiaka,
- Ka hana ʻana o nā mea ʻala a me ka momona. Hoʻopili ʻia ka puaʻa i ka lipstick, lip gloss, blush, eye shade, etc.
- ʻO nā huahana maʻemaʻe. Hoʻopili ʻia kēia mau mea hoʻonaninani, nā mea ʻeke, nā niho, a pēlā aku.
- ʻOihana hoʻohana. ʻO nā hana a me nā kala ʻana o nā lole, nā kaula, nā kala,
- ʻO ka hana ʻana o nā ʻono huluhulu. Ka hana ʻana i nāosa, nā ʻamu, mālama i kekahi mau ʻano lekiō.
Aia ka hopena kiʻekiʻe o ka carmine i loko o ia mau huahana kahi i loaʻa ai ka ʻono a me nā mea ʻāʻala o nā hua lāʻau, nā ʻōpala, nā lāʻauʻala a me nā cherries.
Ke ʻano o ka noho ʻana a me nā ʻano
Kuhi: Insect Cochineal
I kēia manawa, ʻaʻole koʻikoʻi ka hapa o nā cochineal. Eia nō naʻe, aia kekahi manawa ʻaʻole loa ia i ʻike ʻia ma kona wahi kūlohelohe. ʻO kēia no ka hōʻiliʻili nui o ka iniseti i nā nui, a me ka hoʻopau ʻana i nā lau ʻōmaʻomaʻo o ke kakū me nā pepeke.
I nā kenekulia 19, ua pau loa iā lākou nā mea make. Ma hope o kēlā, hoʻomaka lākou e hana hoʻomohala i nā mahiʻai cochineal no ka ulu lāʻau a me ka hoʻoulu. Ua hana pū ʻia kahi wahiola holoholona. Ua hiki i nā kānakaʻepekema ke hoʻomohala i kahi hoʻolālā kūikawā e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke piʻi i 5-6 manawa keu i nā mea hou aku ma mua o ka hiki ke vivo.
I ka manawa i aʻo ʻia ai ka poʻe i ka hana ikaika ʻana i nā pika synthetic, ua hoʻopau koke ʻia ka pono no ka carmine. Ke hoʻomau nei nā mahiʻai holoholona manuahi no ke hoʻonui ʻana i ka nui o nā pepeke a pale i kā lākou luku piha ʻana. Eia naʻe, ma hope o ka manawa, hoʻomaka lākou e kānalua i ka pono o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā waika synthetic, a laila haʻi i ko lākou carcinogenic ʻano a hōʻino i ka olakino.
Cochineal - He mau mea kupanaha maikaʻi loa kēia i hoʻohana ʻia e nā kānaka e loaʻa i ka carmine dye ʻulaʻula. I kēia manawa, hoʻohana ʻia ia i loko o ka lāʻau laʻau a me ka ʻoihana meaʻai.
"ʻĀpana keʻena"
Inā e nīnau ʻia iā ʻoe he aha ke ʻano o nā iniseti home āu e ʻike ai, a laila paha ke pane: e ka meli meli a me kahi silkworm. Eia nō naʻe, aia mau nō nā pepeke manuahi i hōʻiliʻili ʻia e nā kānaka no nā makahiki he nui e kiʻi i ka pena ʻulaʻula kūlohelohe - carmine. ʻO ka pena, kahi i ʻike ʻia ai kona hoʻohana ʻana ma waena o nā mea pena kiʻi a me nā limahana hana, akā i loko o nā meaʻai a me nā mea ʻoniʻoni ʻenehana, a me waena o nā poʻe loea e hoʻohana i nā ʻano o nā aila.
Nawai i nā hua lāʻau kālai? ʻO kēia kahi ʻanuʻu holoʻokoʻa o nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole o ka hui - coccid, a i ʻōpala ai a me nā iniseti nui (Coccodea), hoʻonohonoho i kahi palapala hoʻokaʻawale i ka ʻoka o ka proboscis winged.
Pānā nui ka Coccids i ke ʻano, akā ʻaʻole maʻalahi ke nānā ʻana a ʻike iā lākou, a ʻike ʻia nā pepeke na loko o lākou ... He nui ia e ʻōlelo ai ʻo nā wahine o nā kokolē he nui wale nā holoholona holoholona e alakaʻi piha ana i kahi ʻōmaika holoʻokoʻa, pili i ke ola. Ma o ko lākou mau hiʻohiʻona, ka like nui me ka palu a ʻo nā mea ʻona paha ma ka ʻili o nā mea kanu a i ʻole nā ʻāpana ʻōpala e hoʻopili ana i kahi lau a i ʻole ka ʻihi. Hāʻawi iki ko lākou mau maka, nā tendrils a me nā wāwae, a lilo ke kino i loko o kahi ʻeke i piha i nā hua. Ma ka nui o nā ʻano, mālama ʻia nā wahine hānai mai luna mai e nā mea huna huna, e ʻā ana ma luna o lākou he mea poʻomanaʻo a puni, ʻano like ʻole a like me kahi comma scutellum.
Kuhi ʻia kēlā mau coccids ma ke kahua o nā ʻano o nā makahiki mua, i kapa ʻia ʻo "strollers" wale nō. Ke kelepona lākou a me nā hexapods, ua hoʻomohala maikaʻi lākou i nā maka maʻalahi a me nā antennae, a loaʻa nō hoʻi i ka setae lōʻihi ʻoi aku. Uhaʻi ʻia ke kino o ke larva, ua hoʻopili ʻia ka proboscis ma loko o ke aniani, kūlou ʻia ma lalo o ka ʻōpū a hūnā ʻia i loko o kahi ʻāpana. He liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi ka nui o Vagabonds a maʻalahi a halihali ʻia e ka makani, pinepine e neʻe ma luna o nā wahi mamao. ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, ua make nā hua ʻai he nui, akā hāʻule kekahi i nā mea ʻai a lākou e makemake ai, ma kahi e loaʻa ai i kahi kūpono a me nā paʻa i nā kumu meaʻai.
ʻO kēlā mau ʻōiwi, kahi i manaʻo ʻia e huli i ke kāne i ka wā e hiki mai ana, ma hope o ka manawa e pau ai ka hānai a hana i kahi kākō a puni lākou, ma lalo o ka mālama a lākou e hoʻokaʻawale ai i ke kino. I loko o ia wā, nalowale nā larvae i nā polele a me nā wāwae. Akā, ʻo nā wāwae, e ulu hou i hope. Eia kekahi, ʻo nā kāne i hoʻokumu i nā ʻēheu a me nā kaula lihi lōʻihi. ʻAʻole naʻe i ʻike iki ka waha - e huki ʻia nā kāne mai ka niu, kū wale i ka manawa pōkole, loaʻa nā hoa, a laila e make. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻohe mau kāne o nā coccids i nā kāne - a hānau pū lākou i ka parthenogenetically.
He maʻalahi ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka wahine. ʻO kekahi, e like me ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia ma mua, e nalo aku ana i nā ʻōpala āpau ʻaʻole i pili i ka pono me ka hoʻoulu ʻia, a noho mau loa hoʻi ma ka lāʻau mālama ʻai a mau loa. Akā aia kekahi mau coccids, nā wahine i hana i ka manawa pōkole, akā kūʻokoʻa a he kuleana koʻikoʻi ʻo ia. No laila, mālama lākou i ko lākou mau maka, antennae a me nā wāwae, e pau ana i kahi piʻikiʻi liʻiliʻi. ʻO ua mau ʻia (ʻoi aku ka nui o nā pilite) i kapa ʻia nā ʻōpala. Ke komo pū nei lākou me ka poʻe i kapa ʻia ʻo inoa inoa "cochineal."
ʻOiai ʻo kāna "ʻaihue" nui, ʻo nā pōpoki he hui koʻikoʻi nui o nā pepeke ʻoi kino. ʻO nā hapa he nui i nā mea kanu koʻikoʻi. ʻAʻole wale ka mahiai, akā, nā hale ʻōmaʻomaʻo, a ma loko aʻe. He mea paʻakikī loa ka hakakā iā lākou, ʻoiaʻiʻo ke mālama ʻia e ko lākou pale. Loaʻa i nā kumuwaiwai ʻē aʻe kekahi waiwai nui, i kekahi manawa huaʻai ʻole hiki ke hoʻohuli. Akā e kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i kēia mau mea make i kēia manawa. Hoʻomaopopo ʻia ka moʻolelo o kēia lā i ka cochineal.
Ua aʻo ʻia nā kānaka o ka Carmine e hoʻi hou i ka wā kahiko. Ua hōʻike ʻia e nā moʻolelo o ka Baibala ke kiʻi ʻulaʻula mai ka ʻulaʻula, i hoʻohana ʻia e nā mamo a Noa. No ka loaʻa o ka peʻe, ua hoʻohana ʻia kekahi mau ʻano o ka cochineal - nā ʻalā aak, a i ʻole kermes e noho ana i ka Caribbean, cochineal Polish, i noho pū ia i ka mokuna o ʻĀneke o Iukānia. Akā ua noʻonoʻo ʻia ka mea kiʻekiʻe loa ka pena ʻia mai ka Ararat cochineal. Ua kaulana ʻia ma ke kenekulia III. AD Hāʻawi ʻo ke aliʻi Peresia i ka emepera Roma iā Aurelian i ka lole huluhulu i hoʻoluʻu ʻia i ka kala kala. Ua lilo ka mea i hana i kahi palena no ke keʻena. Ua piha ʻo Roma i nā lūlū e pili ana i ka hoʻonaninani ʻokoʻa, nā kala i loaʻa mai kekahi "kolohe" bred i kahi mamao i Armenia a kapa ʻia ʻo "karmir vortan". ʻO nā hōʻike i kākau mua ʻia o ka Ararat cochineal lā i hoʻi i ka makahiki 5. Ua kākau ʻo ka mea kākau moʻolelo Armani ʻo Lazar Parbsky: "ʻAʻole maikaʻi ke kumu o nā hua lāʻau i ka ʻāina ʻo Ararat i makemake ʻia. Hoʻoulu lākou i nā pōpō no ka hoʻonaninani ʻulaʻula, he mea e pono ai nā mea aloha i ka loaʻa kālā a me ka momona. " Ua ʻōlelo ʻia ʻo Ararat cochineal ma nā kolamu Arab kahiko, a ua ʻōlelo ʻia ʻo ka "kirmiz" kālai ʻia ma Armenia e pena ai i ka huluhulu a me nā huahana hulu a lawe ʻia i nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe. Hoʻohana kiʻi ʻia a no ka paʻi kiʻi ʻana i nā puke kahiko. Aia nō hoʻi ma Matenadar - ka waihona o nā ʻatikala no ʻAmelika i mālama ʻia i nā pua, nā kiʻi, a me nā leka i hana ʻia i mau ʻāpana o ke kumu kūlohelohe, me ka carmine ʻulaʻula.
Akā ma hope, huli mai ka hope mai ka Ararat cochineal. Mai ka makahiki 16 ua hoʻomaka kāna lawaiʻa ʻana. Hele mai ka cochineal Mekiko ma ka mākeke honua - he pepeke ʻōlio no ka Honua Hou, mai Mekiko. No ka manawa mua ma ʻEulopa, ua hāʻawi ʻia ka peahi poni i loaʻa mai mai kēia mea ʻino, a me nā mea maikaʻi loa mai ka ʻāina i pio ʻia, i hāʻawi ʻia i kāna aliʻi e Juan Cortes No ka wā lōʻihi, ua kāʻili ʻo Sepania i kēia waiwai, akā ma hope mai, ua bredine ʻo Mekikona i ka Java, ka Canary Islands, Algeria, ma ka Cape of Hope Hope a ma kekahi mau wahi.
Hana Kahikil (Kaukī Dactylopius) he pili i kekahi ʻano ʻē aʻe a he ʻohana ʻē aʻe ma mua o ke Ararat (Porphyrophora hamelii) He liʻiliʻi ka liʻiliʻi i ka nui, akā he mau pahuhopu me ka nui o nā pono. ʻO ka mea mua, ke pena ka mea peʻa mai kona maka. ʻO ka lua, ʻoi aku ka pōkole o ke ola o kēia pepeke, a ma Mekiko ʻaʻole lākou i loaʻa, akā ʻelima mau hanauna i ka makahiki, no laila, ʻo ka huina "hua" ʻaʻole ia he mea e ʻike nui ai. ʻO ka mea hope loa, i nā kino maloʻo o ka cochineal Mekiko, ʻaʻohe hana momona, kahi mea paʻakikī ʻo ia e kāhea aku i ka pena mai ka Ararat cochineal. Ua hōʻiliʻili ʻia nā mea ʻino Mekiko ma ka practly pear cacti, euthanized, maloʻo a kūʻai ʻia ma ke ʻano o nā "grains" palupalu. No ka loaʻa ʻana o ka pena mai kēia mau "pala" ʻaʻole ia he paʻakikī. I Lūkini, ua kapa ʻia nā "grains" of cochineal ma ke ʻano he "hua kanu".
ʻO Ararat wheaten a me kona māhele ʻāpana
Hoʻopopo nui lākou i nā Ararat a me nā ʻano kahiko ʻē aʻe. Ma nā mea kāheaena wale nō ʻo Armenia ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka "karmir vortan" no ka pena ʻana i ka paʻi puke i nā puke.
I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā kenekulia 19, ʻo Archimandrite Isaak Ter-Grigoryan, kahi mea hōʻeha ʻokiʻoki ʻo Saak Tsakhkarar, e hoʻokau mau i nā hoʻokolohua me ka cochineal a hoʻihoʻi i nā ʻāpana kahiko no ka kiʻi ʻana i ka peʻe mau i ka Monastery Echmiadzin.
I nā makahiki 30 o XIX, lilo ke kanaka i hana hoʻonaʻauao o ka Imperial Academy of Science o Russia Iosif Khristianovich Gamel i makemake nui iā Ararat cochineal (1788–1862). Ua kākau i ka ʻepekema kahi hana no nā "ola ola", a ua make pū ʻia kona inoa ma ka inoa Latin inoa o ka ʻalani Armenian.
I ka manawa o nā XIX a me nā kenekulia XX. hele mai nā mea aniline anuanu, a, ʻike ʻole, ʻaʻole pono ke cochineal. Akā, he manawa liʻiliʻi ka manawa, a ʻike ka poʻe i ka make ʻana o nā mea kemika. He nui nā pono o ka Cochineal, a ʻo nā mea nui e kū'ē (kū i ke kukui, "burnout") a me ka hōʻino ʻole i nā kānaka. A i loko o nā ʻenehana aila a me ka meaʻai ua hoʻomaka hou lākou e hoʻohana i ka cochineal kūlohelohe.
Cochineal Polani
I ka hoʻāʻo ʻana e hōʻemi i ka lawe ʻana i nā huahana kawemai ʻia i loko o ka ʻāina, ua noi ʻia ke aupuni o ka RSFSR i ke Kulanui o Moscow State. M.V. ʻO Lomonosov me kahi noi no ka hiki ke hoʻololi hou i ka cochineal Mekiko me kahi kumu o ka loea o ka carmine. ʻO ka pane i kēia noi ua loaʻa mai ka entomologist ʻo Boris Sergeyevich Kuzin, ka mea i ʻike maikaʻi i ka mana Ararat cochineal. Ua aʻo ʻia ʻo ia e hele i Yerevan a e ʻimi i ka pepeke e noho nei i nā awāwa no ʻAmenia. Ua loaʻa ʻo Cochineal, a hoʻomaka ʻia kāna noiʻi a me ka lawaiʻa, akā ua hōʻole ʻia ko lākou hoʻomohala ʻia e ke kaua, a laila haunaele hope a kaua. A i ka makahiki 1971 wale nō kekahi puke hou i ka mōʻaukala o Ararat cochineal. Eia hou, ua hoʻomaka lākou e aʻo i nā kūlana ola a me ke kūkulu ʻana mai o kahi mea lawe kaʻa liʻiliʻi, e loaʻa ai nā ala maikaʻi e hoʻohana ai i kēia ʻano manuahi.
He aha ka biology o Ararat cochineal, he aha ke ola o kona ola? I ka hala o ʻApelila - i ke kakahiaka mua ʻo Mei, ua puka mai nā hua ʻōpala ulaula pōkole mai nā hua i kūleʻa i ka hoʻoilo i ka ʻāina, ka mea e holo i waena o ka māka paʻakai a hiki i ka puka ʻana i nā lāʻau o ka lāʻau e pono ai lākou (Phragmites australis) poo kahakai (Aeluropus littoralis) A pau kēia "vagrancy" pau. Kūkulu nā hua ʻōnohi i ka hohonu o 1-1 cm, pili mau i nā rhizome o nā mea kanu a hoʻomaka e hānai i kā lākou waiʻaila, "hānai i ka momona". Holo pinepine ʻia nā ulu, ulu ka larva, hoʻopuni ʻia, uhi ʻia me ka ʻāʻī, hoʻoili i nā wāwae a lilo i ʻala. I ka hapalua ʻelua o ʻAukake, ʻikea nā wahine a me nā prenymphs o nā kāne mai nā cysts. I ka laulā holoʻokoʻa, like nā like o lāua me nā kiʻi lāʻau liʻiliʻi, ʻo ka waiho wale wale nō o kā lākou kala a laila ʻulaʻula. ʻO nā kāne o kēia wā e like me ka hapalua ʻoi aku ka nui o kā lākou mau kaikamahine (ʻo ka lōʻihi o ko lākou kino aia ma kahi o 2-4 mm) a ua nalo ʻia ka waha, ʻoiai nā wahine e mālama i kā lākou proboscis a me ka pūnaehana hoʻoili maikaʻi ʻia. Hoʻopili hou lākou i ka rhizomes a hoʻomau i ka hānai. A ʻo nā prenymphs o nā kāne, i unuhi ʻia e ka pahuhopu ʻike ʻole ʻole, hele i waho o ka ʻū o ka paʻakai paʻakai a holo pū me ia i kekahi manawa. Akā i ka hope, huli hou lākou i ka lepo, kahi i hana ai lākou i ka niu maʻa keokeo iā lākou iho. I Sepatemaba, puka mai nā kāne elima mau leʻa mai lākou, ʻaʻole like me kā kā lākou mau hoa wahine momona. ʻEkolu mau lā ma hope o ka hika ʻana, ka pāule nui o nā kāne, i kēia manawa a lākou e pāhoʻi, pālahalaha ko lākou mau ʻēheu a ulu nā ʻāpana ʻili maikaʻi a maikaʻi. Ma ka lā ʻehā ua hiki lākou i ka papa.I ka manawa like, ʻike ʻia nā wahine ʻelemakule ma ka papaha - i ke ola o ka cochineal, hoʻomaka ka hānai. Ma ka heluna holoʻokoʻa, e mau ana ʻo ia ma kahi o hoʻokahi mahina a me ka hapa, akā no kēlā me kēia manuahi ʻo hoʻokahi lā hoʻokahi wale nō lā e ʻike i ka hauʻoli o ke ola mau. Akā ma kēia lā hoʻokahi hiki ke male ke kāne a hiki i 70 mau manawa. A laila make ʻo ia, a wehe ʻia ka wahine hānai i lalo o ka ʻāina a hoʻomau i ke kūkulu ʻana i ka ʻāwīwī hua ʻala mai nā ʻili loloa. Inā hoʻi ua kūleʻa ka wahine, ua hele hou ʻo ia i ka papa i loaʻa i kāna kāne hānai.
Hoʻomaka ka wahine e waiho i nā hua ma ka lā 7-8 ma hope o ka hoʻomakeke a hoʻomau i ka hana ʻana i kēia mea no hoʻokahi mahina, e hana ana i 800 testicles i kēia manawa. A laila make ka pepeke, a hoʻomohala ʻia nā hōʻike, no laila i loko o ka pūnāwai ke kuhi hou nei ka holoʻokoʻa.
ʻO kahi mea hoʻohālikelike endemeke ʻo Cochineal Ararat. I kēia manawa, ua liʻiliʻi loa kāna pilina kaulana - ma kahi o 4,000 hectary he kamaʻilio ma Armenia a ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi ma Azerbaijan. Wahi a ka Red Data Book o USSR, ua hōʻiliʻili ʻia nā koina āpau ma kahi o 100 tons, a ʻoi aku paha, ʻaʻole paha. Inā ʻaʻole e ola nā reed a me ka cochineal kahakai, a nui ka poʻe i ka piʻi i luna o kā lākou wahi kūlohelohe. No laila, ʻelua mau ala wale nō e hoʻopakele ai i ka coarine Ararat - nā huaʻai kūlohelohe a me ka hana ʻana o nā mālama. Hoʻi hou i ka 1980s. i hoʻolālā ʻia e hana i ʻelua mau kīnāwai, me kahi o 100-200 ha: hoʻokahi ma ka paʻakai paʻakai ma ka ʻaoʻao hema o ka ʻāina ʻOkakopa, ʻo ia kekahi ma ka ʻaoʻao Arazdayan. Ua haku ʻia nā keʻena holoholona hihiu, akā, ʻaʻole i hoʻomaka koke ʻia nā hanana politika i ka ʻāina, a. No laila inā ʻike kekahi o kā mākou mea heluhelu e pili ana i ka mea i kēia manawa o ka Ararat cochineal, a laila e kākau iā ia i kā mākou.