ʻAʻole he pepeke nā Spider, ʻoiai he nui ka poʻe e kapa iā lākou ia mea. Kūlike lākou i kēia ʻano ma o nā hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona a ma ke ʻano o ka papa o ka arachnids a me ke ʻano o ka arthropod. ʻAʻole make nā mea kikoʻī a pau ma Lūkia i ke ola kanaka, akā ua palaka lākou a pau i nā mea oona. Ma ka ʻāina o ka Lūkini Lūkini heʻoi aku i ka nui o 40 mau ʻano lāʻau arachnids nona nā 32 ʻohana.
Nā hiʻohiʻona ʻokoʻa
He ʻewalu mau wāwae ʻōpū, ʻaʻole like i nā pepeke. Ua hoʻolako ʻia nā mea mua i ka chelicerae, he mau puʻu ʻona. Loaʻa ka ʻehā pūnaewele ka spider webts ma lalo o ke kino haʻahaʻa, ma lalo o 3 mau pālua. Hoʻololi kekahi ʻo nā mea hihiu i nā cobwebs, no ka laʻana, nā kumuwaiwai, akā, ʻaʻole ka uha ʻia o ka pūnaewele o nā ʻalā ma lalo o ka hoʻoikaika ʻana o ka waiwai, no ka mea he elastic. Aia nā maka hala ma ke poʻo, ua pinepine ka helu ʻana o ko lākou helu 8 a 6 paha, pilikia 2.
ʻO kahi Digestion kahi ʻano extraintestinal. Eia kekahi, ke kiki nei ka mantis i nā mea i hopu ʻia, akā kākīkī nā spider i nā enzyme i loko o ke kino. Ma hope o ka palalulu ʻana, ʻōkuhi lākou i nā mea ʻino. ʻAʻole ʻo ka Arthropods e hōʻeha mua i nā kānaka a i nā holoholona, ʻuʻuku wale nō i ka hihia i kahi kūlana pōʻino. Inā hāʻule ka spider i luna o kahi kanaka, a laila e puhi pū ʻia ia, ʻaʻole naʻe ka ʻoki ʻia.
ʻO nā kāne ma ka wāwae o mua i nā ʻōpala, loaʻa lākou i ka sperm no ka hoʻomakeʻa. Holo kekahi mau kāne a hoʻopakele i ko lākou ola ma hope o ka moe ʻana, e ʻae ana kekahi a i ka ʻano o ka mea pio a ʻae lākou e ʻai. Hoʻohālikelike i ka wahine. He mau kahu hānai nā kahu, hana lākou i nā niu liʻiliʻi ma ke ʻano o ka pōpō no nā pēpē hānai.
ʻO nā manaʻo palekana
ʻO nā ʻano spider palekana o Rūsia e hopu ana i nā mea inikini, e kali ana i kahi manawa lōʻihi no ka waiwai e komo i loko o ka ʻupena. No nā kānaka, ʻaʻole iki kahi pōpoki a lākou. Ke ola nei kēia mau ʻano ulu wale nō ma ke ʻano, he nui ka poʻe e noho ma nā pā, e noho ma ka ʻaoʻao o nā kānaka ma ko lākou mau home.
Penei nā ʻano kīnā manuahi ma Lūkia e like me kēia ʻanoʻano:
ʻAʻole makemake ka poʻe i nā spider ma muli o ka hale i kahi lākou i ka ʻaoʻao a me ka ʻike ʻia o nā pā a me nā lihi. Akā i ke kūlohelohe, pōmaikaʻi nā mea ola a mālama i kahi kaulike kūlohelohe, no laila ʻaʻohe pono e kaua iā lākou.
Nā ʻākena hale
Makemake kēia ʻano i nā hale hale a me nā hale kanaka no ke ola. Holoʻo ia i nā ʻōpio, nā pōpoki, nā moa a me nā inikini liʻiliʻi. I ke kūlohelohe, kūleʻa mau ka hale a i ʻole ka paʻu i ka lāʻau lāʻau. Kahi ka nūhou i ka neʻe ʻia a puni ka Lūkini.
Nā hōʻailona waho o ka hale hala:
peʻe ke kino melemele me ka hiʻi ʻulaʻula, aia ke kumu i loaʻa ma ke kua ʻula, kahi ʻāpana ʻulaʻula.
ʻO ka pūnaewele i nā wahiʻeleʻeleʻeleʻele o kahi hale aiʻole kahi hale ka mea like o kahi funnel. Manaʻo ka mea nona ka waiwai ma waena o ka ʻupena; inā pili kahi pūlohelohe, huli koke ka spider.
Spoth Moth
Noho ka poʻe holoholona i nā lei aliʻi, kau ʻia nā ʻupena ma waena o nā lālā, a lawelawe nā lau i wahi e noho ai. Mahele koke nā huila i ke ʻano lāʻau i ka nahele a i ʻole ka māla. ʻO kekahi manawa hoʻokomo nā ʻupena puni i lalo o nā ea, ma nā puka makani puka o nā hale i haʻalele ʻia.
Ka mea i pau nā pōʻino i ka invertebrates a me nā mea liʻiliʻi vertebrate, e hana ana i nā mea nui, nā kahu liʻiliʻi, nā kiole, akā, nā lio, nā ʻīlio, nā puaʻa a me nā hipa ʻaʻole i pane aku i kahi ʻalā. Hoʻopili ʻia nā ʻōiwi i ka ʻūhini ma hope o 35 mau minuke, a haʻalele ka frog e neʻe no ka 15 mau minuke. I ka wā e hoʻokuʻi ai, ʻike ʻia kekahi kanaka i ka ʻeha ʻeha, akā ʻo ka nui o ka lāʻau i paʻi ʻia ke palekana mau.
Kuhi ʻia ka spiderworms e ka mahuahua nui a ʻai ʻana i ka 8 mau mea hihiu i hoʻokahi. Inā lilo ka pā i lilo i mea waiwai ʻole nona, a laila e wāwahi ana ka mea nona ka paʻilima a puni, a lele ai ka iniseti. Ma ka like like, e hana ana i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe pūnaewele.
Naona Arthropod
ʻAʻole maikaʻi nā Arachnids o kēia ʻano holoholona i nā mammals nui i nā holoholona a me nā kānaka. ʻOkoʻa nā ʻōpio a ʻoi aku paha i ka cm o ka cm, a ulu a nui ka wahine a hiki i ka 2.5-3 cm.ʻO ke kala o ke kua ua like ia me kahi mea lākiu ma muli o nā kīlei ʻeleʻele a me ka kaila. Hoʻoulu ke lauoho liʻiliʻi i ka umauma a ma kahi ma ke poʻo. Loaʻa i nā wāwae he nui i kekahi mau hiʻohiʻona hiʻona, ʻeleʻele ʻia me nā ʻāpana ʻeleʻele.
He kuahiwi nā Argiope o ke kikowaena o Lūkia, no ka mea makemake lākou i ka ʻāina me ke aniani hoʻonaninani. ʻIke ʻia lākou ma ka ʻaoʻao kūkulu hema o ke kahua o Stavropol. Hoʻohālikelike ka mea ʻuʻā o ka arthropod i ka pīhoihoi, ʻaʻole i lele mua ka spider i kahi mua, ʻaʻole i hōʻike ka huhū. Ma ka pūnaewele o ka leʻaleʻa, manaʻo ʻia ke ʻeha ʻeha, ke ʻano kū mai ke ʻano, akā hele mai nā mea āpau i kahi maʻamau ma hope o nā lā 2-3.
Nā kākoi Trudoviks
Hoʻolaola nā mea i ka ʻāina o Lūkini a ʻoi aku ka mea maʻamau ma mua o nā ʻāina ʻē. Ma aneane makemake pinepine i ka kūlohelohe a ʻaʻole i noho i nā hale. No ka hānai ʻana, hana ʻia nā ʻupena puni me nā cellangular nui. ʻIke ka mea nānā ke kūpono ʻole ia huahana like no ka lawaiʻa ma muli o nā kaula sparse, akā pili kēlā i nā mea pōpoki kūikawā. Hoʻomaʻa ʻia nā Knitters i nā nika lōʻihi, kahi mālama mālama.
Nā Hōʻike Knitter:
he kino oblong ke kino,
Hoʻopakele ke kino lōʻihi i ke kui i ka pōʻino. I ka wā hopohopo, ke kau nei ʻo ia i kona mau wāwae ma ke kino a ma kēia kūlana ua like me kahi lālā maloʻo. Inā hoʻohamele ʻia i kēia ʻāina, a laila hāʻule koke ka spider a holo koke.
9. Argiope Brunnich a i ʻole ke kauā - wasp
I ka hapa nui, hiki ke loaʻa i kēia ʻanuʻu ma ka ʻaoʻao hema o Rūsia, akā i kēia manawa ua loaʻa pinepine nā ʻike i ʻike ʻia ma ka pae ʻo Moscow.
He arthropod kūleo ia, no ka koho pinepine ʻana i kahi hana kipi i ka wā e hālāwai ai ke kanaka. Hiki i kona onaona ke kumu e hōʻeha ai i ka pūnaewele o kahi kuʻamu, a inā ʻaʻole e mālama ʻia ka hōʻeha ma ka manawa, e alakaʻi ia i ka necrosis kiko.
8. Karakurt Keʻokeʻo
Kuhi ʻia ma ka Teritore Krasnodar a me ka ʻAha Koko. Aia he ʻāpana a hiki i 2cm, ʻo nā wahine o kēia ʻalā he 2-3 mau manawa ma mua o nā kāne. ʻO White karakurt kahi ʻano o nā manu kīnā mai ke ʻano o nā wahine kāne i loko o ka wahine i lalo. ʻO ka ʻeha o kēia arthropod ke hōʻino i kahi kanaka, ʻo ia nō ka make i waena o nā keiki a me nā mākua. No kahi pākeke olakino - ʻaʻole ia he pilikia.
Mai ka pae a puni
ʻO ka pūnaewele o nā mea space lace-up, no ka mea hoʻomaʻamaʻa hoʻāla ʻia me kahi ʻenemi, ʻo kēlā me kēia maʻa ona hoʻokahi, i kona hoʻolālā ʻānō. ʻO Geometrically, ʻo kāna hiʻohiʻona ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o ka spider mai ka ʻohana Uloborid - kahi hypothyroid paradoxical.
ʻO kāna upeʻa huluhulu manuʻa e like me ka mea, ʻo ka hōʻike mua loa o ka ikaika, ka hana mua i ka ulana pū i nā pūnaewele lapalapa. He kāla o ia o ka pōʻai - eono ʻē aʻe ia mau māhele, a e hoʻopili ʻia ka pūnaewele i ka puni.
E maʻalahi ka loaʻa ʻana o ka pūnaewele hippytos kahi e noho ai kēia mau spider - hikiʻole ke loaʻa iā ʻoe iho. He liʻiliʻi ka spider - 6 milimita; i ka pena a he ʻano like me ka hua lāʻau a liʻiliʻi paha o ka ʻōpala. A nohoʻo ia i ka nahele, a aneane mau i ka puna, akā, ka mea maʻamau, i kekahi manawa ma nā pine, yew a me boxwood. Inā loaʻa i kahi lāʻau aspen a i ʻole ma kahi pala, ʻo ia ka mea e ulu aʻe ka puna ma kahi kokoke.
Ma waena o nā lālā maloʻo lalo, ʻo ka wahine o ka hippyota e hoʻopalaha i kāna pūnaewele: ʻehā mau kaula radial i hui ʻia i hoʻokahi manawa, kahi kihi. ʻO ka pulu - ka kumu o ke kūlohelohe - pili i ko lākou mau ʻaoʻao ku e kūʻē. Hoʻoholo ʻia kēlā me kēia kihi ʻekolu i nā cobwebs a kāpae ʻia i luna mai nā lālā a i kū mau ka lele o ka pana waena. Ma waena o nā hāmeʻa ʻōwili a ke kaula i kahili ʻia a like ma mua, e like me ke kaʻe ʻana o kahi ʻanuʻu, ulia manuʻai. No ke kanaka i ke kihi kahi e hoʻopili ai ka lihue a pau i ka lula, ua paʻa ka mea kīwī ma ka wāwae. ʻO ia kona kaula hōʻailona. Ma kahi o iwakālua mau ʻōwili limalima ma ka hoʻoluʻina o ka hippyota (ʻoi aku ka pololei, 11-22, akā pili kēlā me kēlā me kēia mai nā ʻāpana he ʻekolu. Mālama ʻo Spider iā lākou āpau i hoʻokahi hola. Ke hana wikiwiki nei ʻo Kalamister i kahi wikiwiki: ʻelima mau kekona huki ʻo ia i ka pahu hoʻokipa a hoʻi i mua o ka cribellum. A ʻo nā mea āpau a pau, i ka ulana ʻana i kahi ʻupena, hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻo ia i nā kaula a hiki i 20 tausani mau manawa!
Ka hele ʻana i ka hana maikaʻi, holo ka spider i ka ʻaoʻao a kali ke kali nei e kū ai ʻo rotosi i kāna ʻupena. I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o kēia manawa hauʻoli, kau ʻo ia i ka lewa, e hoʻopiha ana iā ia iho me ke alahaka ʻona i hoʻokumu ʻia i ʻāpana ʻekolu: kahi kaula mai kahi upena - kahi spider - kahi kaula mai ka spider i kahi lālā. ʻO ka kaula hōʻailona, nā mea e huki ai me kona wāwae, ʻaʻole ia i nakinaki ʻia ma ka lālā - ʻo ka cobweb e hele mai ana mai ka ʻōpū o ka spider e pili ana i ka lālā. A laila ʻo ia i hoʻopaʻa pono iā ia ma waena o ka lani a me ka honua ma luna o nā ʻōuli e like me ka ʻina o ka hana a kāna mau ʻimi. E ʻike koke iā mākou - ke hana maikaʻi nei kēia mea ola.
ʻO ka ʻapo a ka lawaiʻa a Hippyot ka hana mua loa i ke ala o ka ulana ʻana i kahi pūnaewele i kū i ka pōʻai.
Ke hoʻokō nei ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo i ka ʻāmiʻe i loko o kāna mau wāwae, e hoʻokuʻu koke ʻo ia i kahi liʻiliʻi. Kau koke ʻole i ka ʻupena, a hāʻule nā lālā kue puka hou i ka lele i ka pilikia. E huki i ka spider i ke kaula a hoʻokuʻu iā ia, wehe i ke ahonui o nā pihi e ka neʻe ʻana o ia i mua, e hoʻolōʻihi ana i ka kaula ma hope ona - mai ka ʻaoʻao aku. ʻO ka lele mai kāna mau hoʻopunipuni hoʻomāukiuki ʻia a hoʻomāeʻe ʻia i ka ʻāʻā o ka ʻoihana. A kokoke ke spider e pili kokoke ana iā ia, e hoʻolōʻihi ana i ke kaula e hoʻopuni ana iā ia i mua o ia - ua paʻa pū ka pūnaewele me kahi ʻeke. A i loko o ka pēke - lele kahi! ʻAʻole huki kā ka mea pūpū (ʻaʻohe uluna a pau nā uloborids!). E maʻalahi, ke haki nei i ka pahele e lele i kahi lele, hopu a paʻa me nā pedipalps a lawe iā ia i kahi o kahi e hoʻohalua ai ʻo ia (ma hope o ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka ʻupena!). Me kona mau wāwae mua e pipili nei ʻo ia i ke kaula i kaula ʻia i nā pahele, ʻelua a ʻo ke kolu hoʻi ua hoʻololi ʻo ia i ka lele e like me ka hipa kāne ma luna o ka māka, a me kona kua ke kīwaha ia a e kīlī ana i nā ʻōpala mai ka ʻōpū, kū i lalo i lalo. He mea kupaianaha pehea, ke kaupaona nei i ka pōʻino ma waena o ka lani a me ka honua, ua hoʻokō ʻo ia e hoʻohui i ka waʻa kaulau me ia iho, a e hana i kēia mau mea a pau.
Ma hope o ka hapalua hola, ʻaʻole ʻike ʻia ka lele ma kahi pūnaewele. ʻO ka spider i hoʻomoʻa i kahi pōkoka siliki - ua hoʻopuni pū ʻia ka lele i loko. A laila hoʻihoʻi ʻo ia iā ia iho mai ke kuahaka o ke alahaka ma ka hoʻopili ʻana i nā kaula e hoʻopalapula ana, ʻalī iā ia i kahi nalo i kahi lālā ma kahi kīwī, a waiho i kahi kahe o ka lawehala ma lalo o ka pūnaewele o ka spider, e kūleʻa i kahi lele i ʻoka i ka siliki. Hoʻopau ia no ka hapalua lā, a laila he lā a me ka hapa, inā ʻaʻole ma kahi lele, loaʻa iaʻu ka nui o ka nui.
Paʻa mau ka ʻaoʻao o ka uloborus a i ʻole. ʻEkolu mau puʻupuʻu zigzag mākiha.
ʻEwalu mau ʻano o ka nui o nā punahele o ka giptyots, e like me ka ʻike ʻepekema e ʻike nei, e noho ana ma ka Honua. A me nā poʻe āpau - ma ʻEulopa, ʻAmelika Hema a me ʻAmelika Hema - he mau ʻano like a me nā ʻano o nā pūnaewele.
ʻO kekahi o lākou i kapa ʻia he paradoxical no ka nui o ka palpal palehalelo ma luna o nā pelipalps o ke kāne: aneane loa ka nui o ka spider cephalothorax! ʻO ka wahine, ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole ia ʻano hui like i ka manawa. Ua ʻoi aku ʻo ia ka nui ma mua o ke kāne, e like me ka mea i manaʻo ʻia, ʻulaʻula a ʻeleʻele paha, pōkole kona mau wāwae, ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o nā wāwae ʻekolu, a ʻo ka ʻōpū, ʻo ia ka nui, e kū aʻe me kahi puna.
ʻO ka molt hope a me ka wā e hiki ai ke hōʻea i nā hypnotes ma ka hopena, i ka hopena o ke kauwela, a no laila e koi ʻia lākou e hoʻolohi i kā lākou male i ka puna e hiki mai ana. I ka pūnāwai, hele mai ke kāne i ka wahine, huki maila ke kaula mare i ka hulahula a kani ʻo ia ka pīkī ma luna a hiki i ka hoʻowalewale ʻana o ka wahine me kāna kono a hele mai iā ia i kahi kaula.
Ma ka manawa koke, kahi spider 10-25 huaʻai i kāʻei ʻia i ka siliki keʻokeʻo, kāʻei iā lākou ma luna ma kahi ʻala pūnaewele spider olive spider a hūnā i kahi ākea a ākea paha (e like me kēlā hanana) kahi pākahi ma kahi o ka lāʻau a i ʻole ka lālā. Holoʻeleʻele i loko o laila.
Hoʻopili nā kaula ʻōpili i ka palaki, nā kaula like i hāpai ʻia i ka lewa - kahi māhele o ka ʻekiku hiku - a, ma hope loa, he kelepona holoʻokoʻa - ʻo ia nā hana maikaʻi o ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka pūnaewele hunting, i hōʻike ʻia ma nā ʻano like ʻole i ʻekolu mau ʻohana o ka spiders cribelle. ʻO ka hopena hope loa, hōʻike ʻia ma nā awāwa a me nā puʻu e nui ʻia ana me nā kumu lāʻau, kahi spider pale-pale liʻiliʻi me nā lei hina ma kona ʻōpū - uloborus valkenius.
O ka paepae i hōʻike i ka honua a me ka radii, a me nā aniani (ʻoiai ua pili kekahi), a me ke kūkulu ʻana o ke kikowaena - pili like ʻole me ka pūnaewele o spider-crosses. ʻO ka ʻokoʻa wale nō ia ʻaʻole i kū pono i ka pūnaewele ʻo Uloborus, akā i ka pihi, hāhā nā nui o kona mau cell (ma kahi o ʻehā paha aniani, ʻo ka spider he ʻakolu wale nō ka lōʻihi ma mua o lākou) a, he ʻano okoa nā ʻano o nā kaula. . ^ E Ha yM.
ʻO ke ʻano ʻoihana loiloi e like like me ka ke kea. ʻO ke uloborus wale nō, ka huki ʻana o nā kaula laka, ke holo mai ka radius a hiki i ka radius nā ʻaoʻao, a me nā keʻa - mua mua.
Hoʻolālā ʻia kā lākou male male - he kupaianaha! A pau kēia, ʻaʻole ka hoahānau i ke kamaʻāina ʻo Uloborus, akā he hoaaloha wale nō. ʻO nā pili o Uloborus, a me ka Hyptiot, e noho nei i nā tropic a me nā subtropics. ʻO ke ʻano kēia, ma nā ala genetic ʻē aʻe, ua hele ke ʻano o ke kūlohelohe o ka pilikia o nā ʻekepili o nā pōʻai, a ua like nā ʻano hana like i ʻaneʻi ma ʻaneʻi. Hoʻohālikelike kēia ʻano hiʻohiʻona i loaʻa e ka ulu ʻana i nā ʻokoʻa like ʻole a ʻike pinepine loa kekahi mai nā ʻohana ʻē aʻe o nā mea ola, akā ma nā kūlana ola like ʻole, kāhea ka poʻe biologists e hui pū ai. E hoʻomanaʻo maʻa i aneʻa ka iʻa a me ka kohola, ka mea like me ka iʻa, ʻaʻole ka ia, ka manu a me ka pāpaʻi, nā moole a me ka honua-cricket-bear - a e lilo ke kiʻi iā ʻoe.
Mālama ʻo Uloborus i nā kiko o kāna ʻupena me hoʻokahi, ʻelua a ʻekolu paha hoʻopaʻa paʻa i nā kihi. ʻAʻole like lākou iā lākou mai ke kikowaena ponoʻī, akā like mai ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā mea huki ʻana a hiki i ka ʻaoʻao, e piʻo ana i ka nui o nā kaula ma ka radius ma loko o ka radius. Ma ke kaikuono, ke hāwila a kū nei i ke ʻano a me ke kino holoʻokoʻa, me kona mau wāwae mua, ʻoi aku ka ʻē aʻe ka lōʻihi a ma mua o nā kānaka ʻē aʻe, nā pulupulu a hoʻomoʻi i ka ʻōnaehana paʻa hou.
A pau ka pūnaewele, he aha ka hana a ka spider? Eia ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana i nā manaʻo o ʻelua mau mana nui, e like me kā lākou e ʻōlelo nei.
Ua ʻōlelo ʻo U. Bristow, ʻaʻole ʻo Uloborus i kūkulu i nā pā. Noho ʻo ia i waenakonu o ka pūnaewele, e hohola ana i kona mau wāwae mua i mua a ke kali nei no nā lele.
Ua ʻōlelo ʻo G. Vile: ʻaʻole i noho ka uloborus i waenakonu o ka ʻupena, a ʻo ka mea kiaʻi ma kahi hoʻohālua ma lalo iho nei, ma kahi keʻena kūikawā e like me nā hale o nā lōʻihi lōʻihi, kahi kaula i haki ʻia mai ka pahele.
ʻAʻole i kā ko lākou mau hoahānau, ka hippotypes, uloburs i ka wā i hala: i Mei a Iune paha, e hoʻowalewale i kahi spider me kahi spider me ka serenades. Mai kāna ʻili, ua hūnā ʻo ia i kahi ʻakaʻaka a holo i laila, "hula." I loko o ka pane, ʻo ia "nods" me kona kino holoʻokoʻa a lalo, a me ka lohi, me ka palu, e hoʻohiolo iā ia iho i kahi kaula.
Ma hope mai, hiki i ka manawa e waiho ai i nā hua manu, aihiki ka spider i kahi ʻupena o nā keiki kokoke i ka poʻe hahai - he mea liʻiliʻi ia me nā radii a me nā ʻuhane. Ua kau ʻia ka wai mānoʻi ma ka ʻulaʻula a me ka mea i loko o ia mea - 70-100 huaʻai. Ma kahi o ʻelima mau lā ma ka hilinaʻi maikaʻi e halihali ai i kahi kiaʻi a puni lākou, a laila, pōloli, wīwī e hoʻolaha ʻia i kahi pahele hou no ka lele ma ka lāʻau.
Pūkahi, hānau ʻia, noho mālie i kahi kākā a kali i ka molt mua. Ke kiola nei i ko lākou "ʻili" embryonic, puka lākou i waho a kāʻei lākou i ka nū mua o nā ʻūnū mua ʻole - ʻaʻohe palaʻai. Ma hope wale o ka lua molt e loaʻa maoli ai lākou i kā lākou mea kaulana: ʻo ka ʻōpala cribellum.
7. Solpuga (Phalanx) a i ʻole ka spider lā (Sun spider)
Hiki i nā arachnids nui ke lōʻihi i 7 cm i ka lōʻihi. Loaʻa iā ia ma ke kūkulu hema o Rūsia, ke Aupuni Repubalika o Kalmykia a me nā ʻāina Astrakhan. He wahi ʻino ʻino aipau. ʻAʻohe ia i nā gona pona, akā he ikaika chelicera ("ʻōpek"), hiki ke hoʻopili a ʻaʻole wale ma ka ʻili, akā ʻo ke kui o ke kanaka. ʻO ka ʻeha a ka phalanx ka hōʻeha a hiki ke alakaʻi i ka maʻi.ʻO ke ʻano kūikawā o ke kino e hiki ai i ka salpug ke holo i nā wikiwiki a hiki i 16 km / h a lele i kahi kiʻekiʻe a hiki i 1 mika. Ma kēia mea, pili nā phalanx, i kapa ʻia ka "Scorpion of the Wind."
6. Tarantula Lūkia Hema
ʻO ia kekahi o nā kikoʻī nui nui ma Lūkia a hiki i 3 cm ka lōʻihi. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ma ka Hema, a me Astrakhan, Oryol, Belgorod, Kursk, Tambov a me Lipetsk mau ʻāina. He mea ʻala a me ka pōʻino i nā kānaka, akā ʻaʻole hoʻonāukiuki, inā ʻaʻole hoʻonāukiuki. Hiki i ka mea ʻāʻī o kēia mea kikoʻī ke hōʻeha i ka wela a me ka ʻeha e lōʻihi ana i ka manawa lōʻihi, e loli ka ʻili a puni ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo i ka melemele a hiki ke noho pēlā no nā mahina. Hiki i kahi mea maʻi. ʻAʻole momona no ka haʻahaʻa o kaʻohi o ka make.
ʻO ka māheleʻana o ka hypothyot he paradoxical.
Lele aku kahi gippiot paradoxical ma waena o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa a ma waena o ka ʻĀina ʻAulopa ʻEulopa.
Hyptiot paradox (Hyptiotes paradoxus)
ʻO kahi kahi o ka parapoxical Hippyot.
Ka hapanui nā hippies paradoxical i hoʻohana ʻia i nā ʻō nahele, e like me ka nahele, nā puʻu, nā ʻona ʻāina, a me nā mākaʻu. Ua loaʻa ka heluna lehulehu i loko o nā kaila lāʻau a ma lalo o nā papa pali. ʻO nā keʻena lāʻau, nā māla lau, a me nā māla hoʻi e hoihoi pinepine i nā mea spider.
Nā hōʻailona waho o kahi pākahi hypothyot.
He hoʻohālikelike ka hippies - he liʻiliʻi ka nui o nā spider, mai 2 a 4 mm mau lōʻihi. He pālahalaha a me ka laulā ke kālai, me kahi kūmaʻu mānoanoa, i uhi ʻia me nā lauoho pōkole. Hoʻololi ka kala i ka brown i ke hina, aneane hui pū me ke kaiapuni. He mau ʻewalu mau maka he mau maka pōkole, nā kime hope o nā lālā ʻike e nā lauoho lauoho a ʻike ʻole ʻia. ʻAʻole ʻokoʻa loa nā kāne, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o nā wahine, ʻokoʻa a like ʻole me ka wahine o ka wahine.
Hānau wahine Hyptiotes paradoxus
Hoʻomoe o ka paradaxical giptiot.
Hoʻokomo ka hypadots Paradoxical i ka hoʻomaka mua o ka hāʻule. Ma mua o ka ʻimi ʻana i ka hoaaloha, hoʻokumu nā kāne i nā kālā o ka sperm ma ka pūnaewele. Mālama lākou i ka wai seminal mai kahi wehe i ka hope o nā kuʻuna, no ka mea, ua hoʻohana lākou i ko lākou mau wāwae e huki i ka cobweb kokoke a kau i ka sperm me nā pālapa.
He mau maka liʻiliʻi nā keles ʻo Males, no laila ua ʻike lākou i nā wahine ma ke ʻano o nā pheromones a hōʻike i ko lākou helehelena e ka hū ʻana o ka pūnaewele. Ma mua loa o ka hana hoʻāla a me ka hōʻike ʻana i ka hakahaka o ka cobweb ma ka ʻaoʻao nui o ka ʻoihana.
Ke kū ʻia ka male, hoʻokomo ka kāne i kahi spur kūikawā ma ke kihi o ka wāwae i loko o nā hua hānau o ke kino wahine (epigyne). Loaʻa i ka wahine kahi waiwai kō kahi e mālama ai ka sperm a hiki i ka wā hoʻomākaukau i nā hua ʻai. Ma hope o ka hoʻomohala ʻana o nā hua i ka ovaries, ua kau ʻia nā hua i loko o ka pulu spider a uhi ʻia me kahi mea pākuʻi e pili ana i ka sperm. Kūpono ka huehue huelo a ke kū ʻole ʻole i ka palu ʻana. Hāʻawi ka layer spider i ka pale no ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā embryos. ʻEhā ʻia nā kelu manuahi elongated i luna o kahi ʻuʻuku huluhulu, kahi e noho ai ka wahine. ʻAʻole liʻuliʻu, nalowale ka uhi o waho (ka ʻā) o nā hua, a ʻike ʻia nā ʻākī.
Pūnaewele Hōʻopua Paradoxical Hippy
ʻO ke ʻano o ka hippyot ka paradoxical.
Loaʻa i ka hypothyots paradoxical kahi inoa like ʻole no ka mea e ulana ana lākou i kahi ʻupena hakakā, kahi like ʻole i nā ʻano like mai nā ʻoihana o nā ʻano ʻē aʻe. I ka manawa like, ʻaʻole i kau ʻia ka pūnaewele i loko o ka mea kiko, akā i ke ʻano o ka triangle.
Hiki i ka pūnaewele ke loaʻa nā zigzags a me nā nui. Kahi hiʻohiʻona hoʻohālike ia o ka hopena o ka spider e neʻe ana i ka pahele.
Manaʻo ia aia i loko o kahi pūnaewele ākea o nā cobwebs ka giptiot e noho kokoke ana i kahi ʻike ʻole ʻia e nā poʻe wānana a me nā mea e hiki ai. Eia kekahi, ma ka pūnaewele pūnaewele e hoʻopalike ai i nā mea waihoʻoluʻu, i kapa ʻia ʻo ka paʻa. Hoʻomanaʻo lākou e hana i ka nānā ʻana o ka poʻe predator mai ka spider e noho ana i waenakonu o ka pūnaewele, a hiki ʻole ke hoʻohana ʻia e hoʻoikaika i ka pūnaewele.
Hoʻohana kēia mau spider i kahi pūnaewele spider kiʻi kūikawā e hopu a kiʻi i ka hakihaki manuahi e hoʻopuʻi wale ʻia ana i ka pūnaewele, e luku pinepine ana i ka nahā nui. ʻAʻohe o nā palaʻai makekona o Paradoxical, a no laila ʻaʻole ʻoe e hoʻopu i ka mea pepehi. E hoʻomaʻamaʻa lākou i kahi hopu a me ka hopu ʻana. Eia nō naʻe, i kekahi manawa ma ke ʻano kūlike nā pūnaewele spider, i hui pū ʻia e nā ʻanuʻu e ola i ka ʻaoʻao o kekahi.
1. Karakurt a ʻeleʻele ʻōpiopio paha
Loaʻa ia kona waiwai he 10 a 20 mm. ʻOi aku ka 3-4 o nā kāne ma mua o ka wahine. Loaʻa ia ma ke kūkulu hema o Rūsia a me ka'āina Astrakhan. ʻO nā hihia i hala koke nei i nā nīnū o ka wīwī ʻElepa i nā ʻāina Rostov, Volgograd a me Novosibirsk. I ka manawa mahana, hiki iā ia ke neʻe i nā ʻāpana ʻākau o Rusia. ʻAʻole kahi pūpū hoʻonāukiuki, akā inā ma kahi pilikia e hiki ke hānai i kahi kanaka a holoholona paha. ʻO ka make ʻana o Karakurt ka mea make i nā kānaka. ʻAi koke ʻia kahi pōkā, me ke kī ʻana e hōʻeha, i ka manawa pōkole e hoʻolaha i loko o ke kino holoʻokoʻa. Ke ʻano o ka nui o ka mea ʻili o nā pua. ʻOi aku ka momona o Karakurt inā ʻaʻole i lawe ʻia nā hana pono. ʻO kekahi kekahi o nā hua nui i hōʻilo ʻia i ka honua.
ʻO ka meaʻai o ka hypothyot he paradoxical.
He mau pākahi ka hypothyotes, ʻaʻole like me ka hapanui o nā pūpū, he lapalapa o nā kuhi hona. No kēia kumu, hoʻohana wale lākou i ko lākou ʻano ulana e hopu i ka mea pio. ʻO nā ʻano nui o nā pepeke manu lele e hāʻule ana i loko o ka pūnaewele ka lele a me nā momi. ʻO nā hypothyotes kahi paradoxical insectivorous spider a hoʻohana i ka pūnaewele spider triangle pūnaewele i mea he traps e hopu ai a hoʻoweliweli i ka mea nāna. I ka ulana ʻana i kahi kikoʻī o Y-like me nā radii ʻehā i kaula ʻia i waena o nā lālā o nā kumulāʻau a me nā mea kanu lāʻau, ua ʻimi kēia mau spider i ka lā a me ka pō. Kū mau ka pūnaewele.
Eia kekahi, mai nā kaula radial aia nō i nā crossbars transverse, ka nui o 11-12, ua like lākou me ʻekolu mau ʻokoʻa. Hoʻokomo ʻo ka gippiot i kahi upena hunai i hoʻokahi hola wale nō, ʻoiai ke hana nei ma kahi o iwakālua mau kaukani ka neʻe ʻana. Hoʻokomo ka mea predator i kahi pūnaewele i ka waenakonu, ke kāohi nei i kona mau wāwae kapu. I ka hoʻokā ʻana o ka lele ma ka pūnaewele, kau ka pūnaewele, kau ka spider i ka hāʻule ʻana o ka mea waiwai i loko o ka pahele e ka lono hōʻailona i pili i ka limu. A laila e huki i luna a loaʻa hou ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka hoʻomohala ma ka pūnaewele sticky. Inā ʻaʻole e hōʻole ka pepeke a hoʻomau i ka hahau ʻana, a neʻe kokoke loa ka spider, paʻa hou ka pūnaewele, a laila huli ka giptiot i hope a i waho o nā mea i ulana ai ka mea i hoʻopihapiha ʻia me kahi papala o ka ʻōpala hōʻala a hiki i ka mea pio i pau ka pale ʻana.
Ma hope o ka make ʻana o ka mea pepehi, hopu ʻo ia i ka spider me nā pedipalps a lawe aku ia i kahi i kahi nalo, kahi i noho ai e hoʻohālua. Akā ma mua o kēlā, e hoʻopau pono i nā āpau i ka pūnaewele pūnaewele.
Hoʻopili i ka giptiot i kāna mea pio me ka pūnaewele spider, e hoʻopaʻa ana i ka mea i hōʻino ʻia me nā wāwae o ka lua a me ke kolu o nā wāwae, a ke kau nei ʻo ia ma ka pūnaewele, e hoʻopili ana i nā wāwae mua. ʻO ke kaʻina holoʻokoʻa e like me kahi helu acrobatic, hana ka giptiot i ka hana hoʻomau.
Ke lawe nei ka pākeke i ke ʻano o kahi pōpō, ua moe ka ʻalā e wāwahi i ka membrane chitinous, aʻo nā kelepaʻi maxillary e huna ana i nā enzyme o ka pale ʻana o ka huina. I ka giptiota paradoxical, ke waiho neiʻo ia wale no ka huki i nā wai wai. Hoʻonohonoho maikaʻi ia i ka meaʻai no kekahi manawa lōʻihi - kahi lā, i kekahi manawa, ʻelua, ʻoiai inā loaʻa ka nui i ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o ka giptiot iho. ʻAʻole hiki i ka ʻuha ke ʻai i ka meaʻai paʻa.
Nā Kūlana maʻamau
ʻO ka papaʻai o kēia ʻano arthropod i loaʻa nā pepeke. ʻAi ʻia ka crosspi i nā lele, nā pi, nā pū, nā namu, nā pōpiki a me nā mea hihiu ʻē aʻe, kahi i hopu ʻia me ke kōkua o kahi pūnaewele. Hoʻopili ka pale ʻaina i ka hana o nā mea make, a laila hoʻāla i nā kaula. Hoʻokomo ʻo ia i nā enzyme digestive i loko o ke kino o ka mea ʻai, mai ka palupalu ʻana ke kino a hele i kahi kūlana semi-wai. Ma hope o kekahi manawa, e ʻai ka mea hoʻoponopono i nā mea i loaʻa i ka hapalua. Ke waiho nei ke keʻa i nā wahi no ka wā e hiki mai ana, inā i piha piha, ke kāohi nei i ka mea waiwai mai ka maka o ka ʻupena manu.
ʻAʻole noho kēia iwi i ka nui loa me ka nui o ka nui ma Russia, ʻo nā wahine e ulu a hiki i ka 20−25 mm, akā ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā kāne (10-11 mm), e like me nā arachnids āpau. Noho ke keʻa ma nā wahi āpau o ka ʻāina, makemake i ka lewa o ka beech, spruce a i ʻole pine. ʻIke ʻia kekahi mau ʻelele ma ka ʻāina paʻa, nā māla, nā wahi nahele a me nā lāʻau ʻona lāʻau me nā kumulāʻau hua.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o ka hiʻohiʻona o ke keʻa:
Kūpaʻa ka kala o ke kino i ka kukui o waho. Ma ke kua he kumu hoʻohālike e like me ke ʻano o kahi keho, kahi i loaʻa ai i kona inoa ka spider.
Hoʻokomo ʻia nā ʻelele i ʻAukake; no nā kāne, hoʻopau pinepine ʻia nā pāʻani me ka ʻai. ʻAi ke kāne i ka wahine ma ke kāwili ʻana i ka kaula hōʻailona ma ka pūnaewele. E moe i ka hua i ka hāʻule, e hana ai ka wahine i nā niu mai nā mānoanoa kūikawā a i make ma hope o ka waiho ʻana. ʻO nā hoʻoilo melemele i loko o kēia honu, a hānau ʻia nā spider i waena o ka pūnāwai. Hoʻopili wale ʻia ʻo Puberty ma hope o ka hoʻoilo ma hope.
Hoʻokomo nā chiracantids
Loaʻa ka lāʻau arthropods i nā lau a me ka ulu. Aia kēia ʻano pili i nā kuʻiona olakino o ke kaula waena. He mea ʻēheʻe ka Hiracanthids a ʻaʻole mākou i ulana i nā kahiika cobweb. Hōʻike ʻia ka hana ʻoi loa i ka pō, ʻoi mai ka hoʻopili pololei ʻana me ka spider. ʻO ka pinepine o ka mea hoʻopilikia e pā aku i nā wāwae o ka lawaiʻa lurking e hōʻeha iā ia i loko o kahi lele. ʻO ka papa ʻai ka hona, nā nahelehele, ka palaki, ka aphids, ka pā. Hōʻalo nā mea kuʻuna o kēia ʻano i ka pili me nā wasps a me nā popo.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o ka hiʻohiʻona:
- pena ke kino i ka waihoʻoluʻu ʻōmaʻomaʻo, ʻōmaʻomaʻo a ʻōmaʻomaʻo paha.
- ka nui o ka wahine mai ka 0.5-1.5 cm,
- he ʻōlio ke poʻo, ua kuhikuhi pono ke kua,
- nā wīlele ma mua o nā poʻe ʻē aʻe a ʻoi aku i ke kino.
Ma hope o kahi hoʻopā, ʻike ʻia ka ʻeha ʻeha ma ke kahua o ka lesion, hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia ka ulu ʻana, hoʻomaʻamaʻa mau nā hōʻailona i nā wahi kokoke. ʻO ka ʻeha a me ka maʻuli ʻana o nā io ua hala ʻole lā, akā nā nīnū lymph e kū ana i ke ala o nā meaʻawaʻī e hoʻomaka ai a huehue nui. Hoʻoulu a hoʻōla ʻole ka pale a me ka edema i kekahi manawa ma hope, ʻaʻole i hiki i kahi kanaka ke hanu wale.
Inā hiki mai ka kōkua i ka manawa, a laila e noho ka ʻeha ma hope o hoʻokahi lā, a ua nalo nā hōʻailona i ke koena i loko o 2 mau lā.
Poison karakurt
ʻIke ʻia kēia ʻano holoholona me ka ʻona nui loa a he poʻe wahine kāne make i kapa ʻia ʻo ia. Noho ka ʻelele ma nā ʻaoʻao hema o nā Urals, ma Caucasus, ma nā wahi Astrakhan a me Volgograd. I kēia mau makahiki i hala iho nei, ua neʻe ka laulā i nā ʻāpana ʻākau, e hōʻea i ka wahi ma Moscow, kahi i wehewehe ʻia e nā ʻepekema e like me ke mahana ʻana o ka ʻaina.
ʻAʻole noho ka nānā i nā hale noho, ʻaʻole ia e ola i loko o kahi hale kūʻai. Makemake ʻo ia i ke ea wela a noho i nā wahi i kahi kiʻekiʻe iʻa. ʻO nā ʻenemi o ka spider he hedehehog a me nā mea manu. Ma kahi kokoke i ka hale, e kūkulu kahi spider i nā minks landfills, i kahi pūpū o nā wahie, i nā wahi i hoʻopihapiha ʻia.
Hōʻike ʻia o karakurt:
- ʻeleʻele paha ka ʻeleʻele paha ke kino, aia nā wahi ʻulaʻula me ka palena keʻokeʻo ma luna ona.
- hiki aku i ka nui o ka wahine i 1.5-2.0 cm, a ulu aʻe nā kāne i 0.7 cm.
ʻOi aku ka nui o nā makahiki o ka spider, nā wahiʻeleʻele kona kino, a me nā wahi mālamalama i ʻike ʻia i nā makahiki. ʻO ka iona o ka wahine pōpilikia i nā kānaka ma hope wale o ka molting ʻana o 5-6; ma mua o ka make, ua pau nā mea i pau ʻole.
Kūkulu ka wahine i kahi lua ma nā pohō o ka lepo, hoʻohana pinepine i nā lua rodent i hoʻomākaukau ʻia, nā paipu wai, a kau i nā ʻupena ma ka puka o ka pale no ka pale. Hoʻopau ka hua ʻai i ka hoʻoilo ma ka wai meli, a ma ka pūnāwai ua lele nā ʻōpio manuahi i kahi ohe.
Hoʻopilikia ʻo Karakurt i nā holoholona a me nā kānaka inā he pilikia. Ma hope o kahi hoʻopu, a hoʻomālamalama koke i kahi ʻili puʻuwai. Aia nā maʻi koʻikoʻi ma ka ʻōpū, ka umauma, ke kua i lalo, pōkole ke ʻano o ka hanu, hele hou ka ʻōpū a me ka puʻuwai. I ka wā ma hope mai, ua hoʻololi ʻia ka hoihoi i ke kaumaha, ʻike nā lirium, a lilo nā manaʻo. No ka hoʻomaha, hoʻohana ka anticaracourt serum, novocaine, sodium hydrosulfate, calcium chloride. Pono ka mea maʻi e mālama i ka mālama olakino.
Hema Tarantula Hema
He spider hina hina me ke kino lōʻihi a hiki i 3 cm noho ola ma ka wao maloʻo, noho i ka wao nahele, semi-wao, a me ka alaʻala. No ka noho ʻana, eli ia i kahi lua a hiki i 40 cm hohonu a hoʻomalu ʻia i nā pā me kahi pūnaewele. ʻIke aku ʻo ia i ka mea ʻenemi i ka malu i kona hele ʻana ma mua o ka puka o ka puka. Ma hope o kēlā, pane koke ʻo ia i ka mea pio, immobilizing ia.
Hoʻokele wale kā ka tarantula i ka pilikia, hiki ke pāhoʻi e hōʻoki iā 15 cm i ke kiʻekiʻe. ʻAʻole ʻehaʻeha ia ʻuʻā, akā me ke kōkua ʻole o ka lāʻau lapaʻau e hoʻonā ai i ka maʻi, ka maʻi, ka huehue o nā nū lymph. Loaʻa pinepine nā maʻi, akā pinepine ka pilikia o ke olakino.
ʻO ko Tarantulas mate kokoke e hāʻule. E hoʻowai i ka wahine, hana ke kāne i ke kani kūloko i loko o ka ʻōpū a hoʻoikaika i kona mau wāwae. He make a ʻokoʻa nā males ma hope o ka moe ʻana, no laila e ʻai ʻole ʻia. Lawe ka ʻala i kāna hua, no ka mea, ulana kēia i ka popo a hoʻopaʻa i ke kino. I ka wā e haki ana nā pēpē a hoʻomaka e neʻe, huli ʻo ia i ka popo a kōkua iā ia e haʻalele i ka wahi. Akā e piʻi ka spider i ke kino o ka makuahine a noho i laila no kekahi manawa hou aku.
Hoʻomaka ʻo Tarantulas i ka ʻōpū, ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka pūpū me ka lepo. Inā noho mau nā lālā i kahi wahi mahana, no ka laʻana, kokoke i kahi hale o kekahi kanaka, ʻaʻole lākou e hānau. Akā ʻo ka haʻalele ʻana o ka hoʻoilo i ka hoʻoilo no ka hoʻoilo i ka pōkole o ke ola o ka spider, ma ke ʻano he 2 mau makahiki.