He ʻano ʻōpiopio nā ʻano manu i ka ʻohana o nā pua, ke ʻano o nā ciconiiformes. He ʻike maʻalahi kēia mau manu i ka wā e hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ai e nā wāwae lōʻihi, ka ʻāʻī lōʻihi, ke ʻōpala nui a he lāʻau nui hoʻi. He mau ʻāpana nui a ikaika ikaika nā manu kēia mau ʻāpana, a ākea lākou a lele koke i ka lewa i ka lewa.

Hoʻokomo wale nā ​​wāwae o kēia mau manu i nā ʻāpana, nā manamana lima ma ka wāwae ʻole he membrane. Nui ka nui o nā ʻāhā: ʻo ka nui o ka manu makua he ʻekolu a ʻelima kilekilo. I ka manawa like, ʻaʻole ʻokoʻa nā wahine a me nā kāne i ka ʻokoʻa, a ʻoiaʻiʻo hoʻi ʻaʻohe wahine dimorphism i kēia mau manu.

ʻO ʻEtou Wetanau a i ʻole The Black-bork Stork (Ciconia boyciana).

I ka plumage o nā stace he ʻeleʻele a me ka keʻokeʻo, ʻokoʻa i nā helu like ʻole, e hilinaʻi ana i nā ʻano ʻano ʻano.

ʻO nā ʻano puna nui:

• Stork keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo (Ciconia episcopus)
• ʻEleʻele Huli (Ciconia nigra)
• Stork-a-pā (Ciconia boyciana)
• ʻOrklelo Huki Haki (Ciconia abdimii)
• Kapakai White (Ciconia ciconia)
• Melemele huluhulu melemona (Ciconia stormi)
• ʻAmelika Hui Pūnaewele (Ciconia maguari)

ʻAu e noho ai ke ola?

Noho nā manu mai ka hua o nā lehelehe i ʻEulopa, ʻApelika, ʻAsia, ma kēia ʻano he noho i ka wao a me nā ʻAmelika Hema.

E alakaʻi ana nā ʻano ma ka hema i kahi ola maʻalahi, nā ʻūkau kūkulu ʻākau e hele i kahi neʻe ʻana i ka wā. Noho nā manu i ʻelua a i ʻole nā ​​ʻāpana nui paha. Ma mua o ka lele ʻana i nā manawa wela, ʻākoakoa nā ʻili i nā hui liʻiliʻi o 10-25 mau kanaka.

ʻAmelika ʻAmelika (Ciconia maguari).

Hoʻokomo nā ʻano lāʻau āpau i nā kino wai, no laila e hoʻāʻo lākou e hoʻoponopono ma kahi o ka wai. Akā makemake ʻē kekahi i ka nahele o ka nahele, lele i ka loko wai wale nō no ka ʻai.

He aha kahi mea e ai ai ka ʻami?

ʻO ka papa o nā huaʻai he mau holoholona liʻiliʻi: ʻopū, nā mollusks, nā ʻaka, nā bako, nā nakahi, nā lizards a me nā iʻa. Ke ʻimi nei nā peni i kā lākou meaʻai ma ka wai pāpaku, i kēia manawa a ma ka hāhai i nā ʻaoʻao like ʻole. Inā ʻike ka ʻeke i ka mea i pio, e hoʻolōʻihi ana i kona ʻāʻī lōʻihi ma mua a ke ʻū nei ʻo ka mea i make me kāna pū nā koi a pau. ʻĀwīwīwī nui ka manu i kāna "ʻahaʻaina".

E pili ana i ka hoʻoponopono hou ʻana i nā stace ma ke ʻano

He mau manu kēia manu, i.e., i ka manawa koho i ka huakaʻi, ua paʻa lākou wale nō me ia. Hiki ke hele wale kekahi hoa hou inā make ka mea ma mua. Kūkulu nā Storks i kā lākou huki mai kahi nui o nā lālā. Ma ka waena o ka hano, hoʻonohonoho ʻia kahi mea like me ka tray rammed. ʻO ka "hale" a ka stile he hale paʻa paʻa hiki ke kū i kekahi o kēia mau manu nui. Ua loaʻa pinepine ia ma hope o ka make ʻana o nā mākua, ua hoʻoili ʻia kekahi o nā moa i ka papa moʻo.

ʻO ka moena moʻomeheu o nā moʻo Far Eastern: ke kāne a ka wahine, e hoʻolei ana i ko lākou mau poʻo, e kaomi i kā lākou ʻōpū.

Noho ka wahine wahine i ka wā hoʻoulu ʻana i ka lā 2 - 5 hua, ukiuki ka manawa o ka inkubation no 34 mau lā. Hoʻopau nā mākua i nā keiki ma hope, i ka wā e hana ai kahi keiki, mea lawe ka lua iā ia i meaʻai.

Nā hōʻailona hōʻailona e pili ana i nā ʻōpū

Wahi a nā moʻolelo kahiko, inā i hana ka ʻohana ʻohana i kahi pū ma luna o ka hale a i ʻole kokoke i ka hale, a laila manaʻo nā mea nona ka maluhia, ka maluhia a me ka pōmaikaʻi. Ua pili mau ʻia nā kuhi me nā kānaka i ka hoʻohui me ka ʻohana, ʻaʻole lapuwale i ka ʻōlelo a ka poʻe "stork lawe mai." Ua hoʻokuʻi mau ʻia kēia mau manu nani i kahi mea mahalo a me ka mahalo i waena o nā kānaka, ma mua kēia a ʻike ʻia i ko kākou manawa.

Inā loaʻa ʻoe i kahi hala, e koho i kahi ʻāpana a me ka paʻi Ctrl + Kākau.

Ma hea mai nei ka huaʻōlelo "stork"?

ʻAʻole i hoʻokumu ʻia ke kumu o ka huaʻōlelo "stork" no kekahi mau, no laila he nui nā mana o kona kū. Loaʻa nā ʻōlelo huaʻōlelo ma nā Sanskrit kahiko, nā Lūkini kahiko, Kelemania, nā ʻōlelo Slavic. ʻO ka loli nui loa o ka loli ʻana o ka huaʻōlelo Kelemania "Heister", ma kekahi mau wahi i Kelemania ka inoa magpie. Malia paha, ua hoʻohuli ʻia ka ʻōlelo i loko o ka "Geister", a laila i loko o "Stork". He mea paʻakikī ke loaʻa kahi aniani ma waena o ka Magpie a me ka stork, ʻo kā lākou lā inoa wale nō ke kala o ka plumage. Hiki ke manaʻo ʻia e waiho i ke kumu o ka inoa o ka ʻāhā. Ma nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe o Rūsia, Ukraine a me Belarus, aia nā inoa kai ʻokoʻa no kēia manu: bushel, butol, busko, bata, chernoguz, leleka, manto, geister, botsun a me nā mea'ē aʻe. Eia kekahi, ua kāhea ʻia ka lāʻau i nā inoa kanaka: Ivan, Gritsko, Vasil, Yasha.

Stork - wehewehe, wehewehe, kiʻi. He aha nā ʻano o ke storks?

He manu nui nā manu. ʻO ka nui nui loa o nā ʻōpū ma Ciconia ke keʻokeʻo. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kino o ke kāne a me ka wahine, ʻo 110 cm ka lōʻihi, a hiki i nā ʻēheu ka 220 cm, a ʻo 3.6 kg ka paona. ʻO kekahi o nā ʻano liʻiliʻi, ka stork keʻokeʻo ka keʻokeʻo a kaupaona ana, ma kahi o 1 kg, a ʻo 73 ona ka lōʻihi o ke kino.

ʻO ka beak o kahi stork ka lōʻihi, 2-3 mau manawa ka lōʻihi o ke poʻo, a he ʻano conical. Hiki ke kūpono a kūleʻa paha i ka piko (e like me ka Far Eastern stork). Ma ke kumu he laulā a ākea, ākea ma ka hopena, pani paʻa loa. He alalaha ka alelo, koi a hoʻohālikelike ʻia i ka beak, liʻiliʻi. ʻO ka hāhā ʻākoakoa loa o ka ihu, he ākea loa, hākaka ʻia ma ka pū, ʻaʻohe ʻano hoʻoweliweli a me nā pua. ʻAno ke kala o ka beak ma nā pākeke o ka hapanui o nā ʻano. ʻEleʻele ka kāleka ʻeleʻele. I nā manu ʻōpiopio, ʻoiaʻiʻo ke kū pono ʻole: he ʻona a ʻulaʻula a i ʻole ka ʻula ʻulaʻula, a i loko o nā moa o nā ʻano ʻano ʻē aʻe, ʻūpī uliuli.

ʻĀhinahina, ʻulaʻula a ʻula paha nā iris o nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole. Ma ke poʻo, ua hala ka plumage ma ka waha, ka pāpū a me ka ʻili e pili ana i nā maka. ʻO ka lihi o nā manu he lōkihi. Hoʻohālikelike ke ʻano i ka wā o ke koi mua i ka ʻāʻī, kuhikuhi i ke poʻo i mua, a hoʻomaha ka ʻaka ma waena o nā hulu hulu. Ma ka wahi o ka goiter, he lōʻihi ke lōʻihi o ka hulu,

Loaʻa nā pahu i nā ʻeke hū me ka ea e hoʻopiha ʻia me ka ea hoʻonani, no ka mea e pili ana i nā keʻena nasal. He liʻiliʻi kēia mau ʻeke, aia ma lalo o ka ʻili a moe i ka ʻaoʻao o ka ʻāʻī ma ke kumu o ke poʻo. Hoʻokumu ka ʻōnaehana pēpē i kahi wili ea ma waena o ka ʻili a me nā ʻili.

He lōʻihi nā ʻēheu Stork, hoʻopuni ʻia, ʻōhumu ʻia ko lākou apenika e 3-5 mau hulu. He lōʻihi ka hulu o ka hulu ma ka lehelehe. Ke kiʻi ʻia, hiki lākou i ka lōʻihi o nā hulu hulu.

Ma nā lele, lele kaʻe o ka honua. Hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia kēia i ka hoʻoili kūikawā ʻana o nā iwi o ke kāʻei o ke poʻohiwi a me ke ʻano o ke ʻae me ka pūlima elongated a me kahi poʻohiwi pōkole. ʻO kēia mau hiʻohiʻona ka hiʻohiʻona o nā manu soaring nui, me nā manu o ka ʻai. Aia ma ka lele ma ka manamana lima mua i ka lima.

He ʻano puʻupuʻu ka puʻu lele e like me nā manu e like me nā ʻaeto, nā aila gula, nā mea kime, nā manu, nā alua, nā pelicans.

ʻO ka huakaʻi o nā makala he haʻahaʻa i ka lōʻihi, pololei a me ka lūlū liʻiliʻi ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka lālani. Aia ia he 12 mau hulu huluhulu.

Loaʻa nui loa nā wāwae o nā manu. ʻO ka metatarsus ka aneane like me ka loa ma ka tibia. Hoʻopili ʻia ka hoʻiliili ʻana o ka iwi tibia a me ka metatarsal i ke ʻano o ka protrusion e loaʻa ana ma ka poʻo o ka iwi tibial e komo i ka ʻeha ma ke poʻo metatarsal, a hana ka pākuʻi kūikawā i kēia pili, e pale ana i nā iwi mai ka hiolo ʻana. ʻO ka hopena ke kūlana ikaika o ka wāwae elongated, e paʻa ana i ke kino me ke ʻano o ka hana ʻana. Mahalo i kēia, ke koʻokoʻo, ua hāʻawi i ke kaulike o ke kino, hiki ke kū i mau hola ma hoʻokahi wāwae, ʻoiai ʻaʻole ʻuhua iki. ʻO ke kumu o nā wāwae he kumu i ka neʻe ʻana i ka hiʻona - slowness a me springiness o ka gait.

Kūpiki nā manamana wāwae o ka lāʻau. Me ka pākēlē he papa ʻupena paʻa. Ua hoʻopili ʻia nā manamana lima mua ma ke kumu e kahi liʻiliʻi ʻili palupalu, a ʻo ka manamana lima kua haʻahaʻa e hoʻohana ʻia e kākoʻo ma ka ʻāina. Hōʻike kēia ʻano o nā manamana lima he paʻakikī ka hele ʻana o nā ʻeke ma nā wahi marshy, a hoʻokaʻawale ʻo ia i ka ʻāina paʻakikī. ʻAʻole kākoʻo ke keʻa o ka tibia i kahi hapakolu o kona lōʻihi. ʻO ka ʻaoʻao o ka tibia a me ka metatarsus holoʻokoʻa e uhi ʻia me nā papa multifaceted liʻiliʻi. He pālahalaha nā kui, lahilahi.

ʻAʻole ʻokoʻa loa ke kala o nā ʻano me nā waiho ʻeleʻele a me ke keʻokeʻo. Hiki ke kala i ke kala ʻeleʻele me kahi kāʻei a ʻōmaʻomaʻo a metallic tint. ʻOkoʻa ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā manu ʻōpio mai nā pākeke. ʻAʻohe ʻokoʻa i ka kala o nā kāne a me nā wahine, a ʻo ke hoʻololi ʻana i ka kala i ke kau. ʻO nā pua a Stork kahi pua ʻulaʻula; ma nā pākeke, keʻokeʻo a hina paha ka pua.

ʻAʻole kani nā leo o nā genus Ciconia, no ka mea ua haʻalele ʻia lākou i ka syrinx (ka leo leo o nā manu) a me kāna mau ʻuhane. Ma kahi o ka hoʻōho ʻana, kaomi ʻana o ka ʻūlau i kāna beak, ʻo ia hoʻi, ke kuʻi nei i kona mau ʻanuʻu e kūʻē i kekahi i kekahi. Keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo (Ciconia ciconia) e maopopo no pehea hoʻi iā ia. Nā ʻeleʻeleCiconia nigra) ʻā pinepine me ka puʻuhū me ko lākou pū: ʻo ko lākou leo, ua like me ka uū a walaō paha. Hiki i nā ʻōpū o ke kau i ke aniani, ke kō, ka uha a me ka uē ʻana.

ʻAuhea kauwela hoʻoilo?

ʻO kahi kumulāʻau e noho ana i ka mauna kūkulu ʻākau kahi manu migratory i alakaʻi i kahi ola sedentary ma mua o ka wā o ka hau. Ke hālāwai pū nei ka ʻōlelo noho ʻana i kēia manawa: no ka laʻana, kahi paʻukaha ʻeleʻele e noho ana ma Iapana e lele ʻole no ka hoʻoilo. ʻO ka lele ke keʻokeʻo, nā lei ʻulaʻula keʻokeʻo, nā ʻōpala ʻAmelika a me nā lei ʻulu hulu hulu ʻo Malayan ʻaʻole e lele i ka hema, ke noho nei lākou ma nā aniani ʻoluʻolu, kahi i hoʻolako ʻia i nā meaʻai a puni ka makahiki. ʻO nā neʻe i ka wā holo ʻia e nā paʻakai keʻokeʻo, ʻeleʻele a me nā ʻāpana Far Eastern (ʻoniʻoni-ʻoni) e noho nei ma ʻEulopa, Russia, Kina.

ʻO ka haʻalele ʻana i nā ʻulaʻula keʻokeʻo a me nā ʻeleʻele mai loko o nā panalaau o ʻEulopa a me ʻĀsia ua hoʻomaka. Ua lele ke keʻokeʻo ma nā kolu hope o ʻAukake a i ka mua paha o Kepakemapa. Lele lele nā ​​ʻeleʻele i mua ma mua: mai waena o ʻAukake, ma ka hoʻohālike, i kekahi mau wahi o East Europe. Ma nā wahi ʻē aʻe, no ka laʻana, ma ka ʻāpana ʻo Amur, ua loaʻa ka lele ʻelee lele e lele ana i ka lua o ka makahiki o Kepakemapa: no ka mea, ʻo kēia mau manu he lā hope loa kēia. I kekahi hihia, ma nā waena oʻOkakopa, ua pau nā wahi i waiho ʻia ma nā iwi.

Hōʻalo nā manu i nā huakaʻi i ke ao, ma ke kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe, ʻaʻole ke nānā ʻana i kahi ʻōnaehana kikoʻī. Lele ka lele i luna o ka ʻāina, e ʻohi i nā ʻāpana o ke ala. ʻO kēia no ka hopena o ka piʻi ʻana o nā ʻenemi ea i hoʻokumu ʻia ma luna o ka ʻāina he mea nui ia no ka huakaʻi. Holo wale nā ​​ʻūpā i loko o ka wai inā ʻike wale lākou i ke kahakai e kū pono ana. Ma ka puna wai, hoʻi mai nā manu.

ʻO kekahi mau melemele ʻeleʻele a me ke keʻokeʻo, i noho ʻia ma ka ʻaoʻao hema o Aferika, ʻaʻole i hoʻi i ko lākou ʻāina, ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i nā kolana.

Ma lalo iho, i ka wehewehe ʻana o nā ʻano, ua ʻike ʻia ka ʻike kikoʻī loa e pili ana i kahi o ka lele a ke ʻano a me nā ʻāina a lākou i hānau ai.

He aha kā storks meaʻai?

ʻAi wale ka meaʻai i nā holoholona holoholona. ʻAi ʻia ka ʻai i kā lākou mea ʻai, akā ʻo ka mea nui o nā holoholona liʻiliʻi, ʻo ia hoʻi:

• nā mammals: nā moles, nā mea huna, nā kiʻi, nā pā kula a me nā mea ʻē aʻe like-me nā kiʻi, nā mea kikoʻi o nā ʻōpū, nā ʻōpio, nā mea uʻi, nā ʻamo. Ma nā kauhale, hiki i kekahi mau holoholona ke ʻimi nā moa a me nā duck.
• na moa liʻiliʻi
• nā ʻaumua a me nā reptile: nā baki, nā ʻāpana, nā ʻōpū like ʻole, nā palu (snakes, vipers),
• nā pepeke ʻāina nui a me kā lākou huaʻīlio - nā ʻūhini a me nā ʻūhini ʻē aʻe, nā ʻūhā, nā kamela, nā ʻōpala lau, nā ʻūhā, nā ʻūhā,
• terrestrial a me nā ʻalaʻu mollusks, nā ʻōpū, nā pōpō,
• ʻO nā iʻa, kekahi mau ʻano ʻano lāʻau, e like me ka keʻokeʻo. ʻAi ʻele pinepine nā ʻeleʻele o nā kala. ʻAi maoli kahi iʻa anuʻu i ka iʻa maʻamau.

Mamuli o ka manawa o ka makahiki, e loli kaʻai ʻana o ke kīlaʻi. Ke maloʻo nā loko liʻiliʻi a lilo i ʻepekika liʻiliʻi, ʻai ʻia nā pepeke nui. Mea ʻapo nā mea kanu a pau. Ka launa i nā manu kūlehu (hulu, huluhulu, ʻili, a me nā mea like) manu a me nā manu heʻe.

Ma ke ala, he hiki i nā ʻano keʻai i ka nui o nā mea ʻawaʻawa me ka hōʻeha ʻole iā lākou iho. ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, ke kūʻokoʻa nei lākou i ka mea make.

Hōʻalo nā manu ma nā wahi ākea: i nā kuʻahi, nā awāwa nui a me nā ʻōpala, me nā kaʻe o nā kahawai, nā punawai a me nā wahi ʻē aʻe ke ʻike maoli ʻia. ʻOiai ke nānā mau nei nā māla ma mua, hiki iā lākou ke ʻike maka i ka pōʻino mai kahi mamao aku.

ʻO nā ala, e like me nā manu nui, nui loa. I ka wā o nā lele a me nā pō e noho mau pū lāua. Hāpai nā manu i ka ʻokoʻa, akā i ka manawa like ʻaʻole e nalo i nā pili me nā ʻohana.

Pehea ka lōʻihi o ke ola ʻana o nā storks?

Loaʻa ka ola ola o kahi kīhaha i nā ʻano a me ka noho ʻana. Noho ke ola keʻokeʻo ma ke ʻano he 20-21 mau makahiki (e like me kekahi mau kumu, a hiki i ka 33 makahiki), i ka pio ʻana, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o kēia hōʻailona. Loaʻa nā papa o Far Eastern i ke pio ʻana i mau makahiki 48. ʻO ka lōʻihi loa e ola ana ke ola ʻeleʻele i loko o ka noho pio ʻana he 31 mau makahiki, ʻo ia ma ka vivo i kēia makahiki he 18 mau makahiki.

Nā ʻano mele, nā inoa a me nā kiʻi paʻi

Aia nā huahele i loko o ke ano o ka mauʻu (Ciconia).

1. Ciconia abdimii (Lichtenstein, 1823) - stork keʻokeʻo-keʻokeʻo.
2. Ciconia boyciana (Swinhoe, 1873) - ʻōlihi kikowaena ʻeleʻele, Kaina ʻaina, Fareka maʻa, ʻonaneki keʻokeʻo.
3. Ciconia ciconia (Linnaeus, 1758) - keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo:
   • Ciconia ciconia asiatica (Severtzov, 1873) - ʻO ka keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo Turkestan,
   • Ciconia ciconia ciconia (Linnaeus, 1758) - ʻElima keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo.
4. ʻO Ciconia episcopus (Boddaert, 1783) - kahei keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo.
   • ʻO nā Episcopus epicopa ciconia (Boddaert, 1783),
   • ʻO nā mikrosopis epicopus ciconia (G. R. Grey, 1848),
   • Ciconia episcopus neglecta (Finsch, 1904)
5. Ciconia nigra (Linnaeus, 1758) - ʻōpala keʻokeʻo.
6. Ciconia maguari (Gmelin, 1789) - ʻAmelika ʻAmelika,
7. Ciconia stormi (W. Blasius, 1896) - ʻ Malaylelo leona hulu melemele.

ʻO ka ʻōlelo aʻe kahi mea e pili ana i ka ʻano.

• ʻŌpō keʻokeʻo(Ciconia ciconia)

noho i kekahi mau wahi o ʻEulopa (mai ka hema Hema a me Denemaka i Farani a me Portugal, ma nā ʻāina o ʻEulopa ʻEulopa), ma Ukraine, ma Russia (mai ka Vologda Oblast a Transcaucasia), ma Central Asia a ma ke komohana komohana (mai ka ʻāleʻa o Morocco a i ka ʻākau. Tunisia. He kūlike kēia me ka noho maʻamau, hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā subspecies o keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo: European (Ciconia ciconia ciconia)) ʻo Turkestan (Ciconia ciconia asiatica) ʻOi aku ka nui o nā subspecies ʻo Turkestan ma mua o ka Europa, aia nō ia ma ʻAsia Central a me kekahi mau wahi o Transcaucasia.

He kino keʻokeʻo ke kino o ke keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo, i hōʻike ʻia ma ka inoa. ʻEleʻele wale ka hulu o nā lehelehe o nā ʻēheu, a hiki i ke kiko ʻana aʻe o nā manu iā ia, ʻano e ʻeleʻele hoʻi ka ʻōpū holoʻokoʻa o lalo loa. Mai aneʻi mai kahi inoa kaulana loa o ka manu - Chernoguz. ʻUlaʻula ʻia ka wāwae a me nā wāwae ʻo Stork. He ʻoloka ʻoloke nā koo. Pākuʻi ka ʻili ma nā maka a ʻulaʻula a ʻeleʻele paha. ʻEleʻele aʻeleʻele paha ka iris. ʻO ka hiʻona o ka ʻēhe he 55-63 cm, ʻo ka ʻili he 21.5-26 cm, ʻo ka metatarsus ka 17-23.5 cm, ka beak he 14-20 cm. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kino e hiki ke piʻi ma 1.02 m. ʻO nā ʻēheu he 1.95-2. 05m He paona keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo 3.5-4.4 kg. ʻOi aku ka wahine ma mua o nā kāne.

Nā ʻūʻula keʻokeʻo, kahi e noho ai i nā ʻaoʻao komohana a me ka hikina o ʻEulopa, e lele ana i ka hema i nā ʻano like ʻole. Lele aku ʻo Storks i komohana komohana o ka Elbe i ka Strait o Gibraltar a lanakila iā ia ma ka wahi ʻikiʻaka. Piʻi i luna o Sepania, hoʻolālā lākou iā ʻAmelika. Ma laila, ʻokoʻa lākou e noho ai ma ke komohana, a mahele ʻokoʻa i ka Sahara, nā kaʻi ʻalika a me ke kūpaʻa ma ʻApelika Hema. Pae ka lele ʻana o ka pua ma ka hikina o ka Elbe i ka Bosphorus, lele a lele i ke Kai Kūʻai ma waena o Suria, ʻIseraʻela, ka holo i ka ʻākau o ke Kaiʻula, ʻo ʻAigupita, lele ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka muliwai Nile a hiki hou i ʻApelika Hema. ʻO nā ʻuluna ʻo Turkestan o kahi keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo e ʻā ana i India, ma Ceylon, akā ke kali nei kekahi poʻe i ka hoʻoilo ma ka ʻāina Syr Darya ma Central Asia a me nā mauna Talysh ma Transcaucasia.

Noho ka paʻakai keʻokeʻo ma kahi o nā wahi noho kanaka, no ka mea he kūpono kēia no lākou e hana i nā nests ma nā puʻu i hana ʻia e ke kanaka. Hoʻohana pinepine nā kānaka iā lākou i nā manu ma ke kūkulu ʻana i ka hana no ka ʻūʻī me ko lākou lima ponoʻī no ke kūkulu ʻana i kumu no lākou: kau lākou i nā wili a i ʻole nā ​​kahua pā i kūkulu ʻia i nā lāʻau, nā lāʻau a i ʻole nā ​​hale mahiʻai e waiho ai nā manu i ko lākou ulu.

• ʻOhi kūloko(Ciconia nigra)

ke ʻano e heʻe mai ana i ka poʻe. ʻO kona wahi noho ai he nui nā panu o Eurasia: mai Scandinavia a me ka Iberian Peninsula a hiki i nā wahi mamao o East Eastern. Ua hiki i ka palena ʻāpana o ka hoʻolaha ʻana i ka 61 a me 63 mau ʻanuʻu, kūkulu ʻia ke kūkulu hema ma Balkans, Crimea, Transcaucasia, Iran, Central Asia, Mongolia, a me ka waena waena o Kina. ʻO nā ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻeleʻele i ka ʻāina o ʻAmelika, i India a me Kina. I Aferika, lele nā ​​manu ma kahi o ka ekuea. ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, ma ka hema o ka ʻāina o ka ʻāina ka mea nui i hiki i laila i ka wā hele a noho mau loa ia.

Ke kāʻei ʻia ka ʻoniʻoni o kēia manu manu e ka ʻeleʻele, aʻo ka plumage black black castts greens, keleawe a poni paha. Ke ulu wale nei nā hulu keʻokeʻo ma lalo o ka puʻu haʻahaʻa, ma hope o ka umauma a me nā wahi axillary. Ua emi iki ka nalo o ka manu.ʻO nā wāwae, ʻāʻī a me nā ʻili a puni nā maka. Kāleʻele ka iris. Loaʻa i nā poʻe ʻōpiopio ka ʻōpala keʻokeʻo, aʻo ka wāwae a me ka ʻukā o nā holoholona ʻōpio he lei-hina-hina. ʻAʻoleʻoi aku ke kaumaha o ka pipi ʻeleʻele i ka 3 kg, hiki i ke kino ke hele i ka lōʻihi o ka 1 mika. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka ʻēhe he 52 ka 61 cm, ʻo ka lōʻihi o ka metatarsus ka 18-20 cm, ulu ka ʻili i 19-25 cm, a ʻo ka lōʻihi o ka lāʻau he 16-1.5 cm. ʻO nā ʻēheu o ka manu he 1.5-2 mau mika.

Noho ka ʻeleʻele i loko o nā nahele nahele, nā mokupuni i waena o nā māla a me nā wahi like ʻole. Hoʻonohonoho ʻo ia i nā nests ma nā lālā hope o nā lāʻau kiʻekiʻe, 1,5-2 m mai ka ʻōpala. ʻO lākou nā lālā o nā mānoanoa like ʻole e hui pū ʻia e ka lepo a me nā turf. Ma nā wahi liʻiliʻi a me nā kuahiwi, koho ke manu i ka mau pōhaku, nā pali, a pēlā aku no ka hale. He pāʻina wale nō nā ʻōhua like ʻole o nā ʻohana. Loaʻa ka nests ma kahi mamao o 6 km mai kēlā me kēia. Ma kekahi mau wahi, no ka laʻana, ʻo Eastern Transcaucasia, ua hōʻemi ʻia ka mamao ma waena o lākou a he 1 km, a i kekahi manawa aia kahi 2 he mau ʻnaki ma ka lāʻau hoʻokahi.

Ma ka pipi e loaʻa ana mai 3 a 5 mau hua, heʻu liʻiliʻi iki ma mua o kahi keʻokeʻo. Ua uhi ʻia nā uhi i ka pā manu keʻokeʻo a ʻeleʻele paha, a o kā lākou nuku he ʻeleʻele ma ke kumu a me ka melemele-melemele ma ka hope. ʻO ka mea mua, moe ka ʻeleʻele ʻōpiopio, a laila noho lākou i ka pūnana a ma hope o 35-40 mau lā wale nō lākou e kū ai i luna. Lele nā ​​ʻōpio pēpē i waho o ka moena i nā lā 64-65 ma hope o ka hānau ʻana. ʻAʻole e like me nā ʻano ʻē aʻe, hiki ke kaomi ʻala. Hōʻike lākou i nā leo kiʻekiʻe a haʻahaʻa, like me ka "chi-li". Hoʻokū pinepine nā manu ʻoiʻoki i kahi ʻano ʻē aʻe ma mua o nā keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo.

• Stork keʻokeʻo-ʻulaʻula(Ciconia abdimii)

He ʻano ʻōiwi kēia o ʻAmelika e noho ana mai ʻAitiopa a hiki i ʻApelika Hema.

ʻO kekahi o nā ʻano lāʻau liʻiliʻi loa, ke loaʻa ʻana o 73 cm ka lōʻihi. ʻO ka paona o ka manu he 1 kg. Paʻa ʻia ka kala e ka ʻeleʻele, keʻokeʻo wale nō ka umauma a ma lalo o ka underwing. ʻO ka beak, ʻaʻole e like me ka hapa nui o ka hina. ʻUlaʻula nā wāwae. ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona o ka ʻāhu keʻokeʻo me ka keʻokeʻo maikaʻi loa o ka ʻili e puni ana i nā maka i ka wā hana. Loaʻa i nā maka nā maka. ʻOi aku ka wahine ma mua o nā kāne. E hoʻopaʻa i ka hua manu 2-3.

• ʻŌpala keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo(ʻEpopo pūnaewele ciconia) aia he 3 mau subspecies:
  • ʻO nā Episcopus epicopa ciconia noho ʻo ia ma nā peninsulas o Hindustan, Indochina a me nā Mokupuni o Pilipo,
  • ʻO nā mikrosopis epicopus ciconia Loaʻa ma Uganda a me Kenya - ʻo nā ʻāina o ka'āina o Africa,
  • Ciconia episcopus neglecta - He kanaka no ka mokupuni o Java a me nā mokupuni e waiho ana ma ka palena o nā zona biogeographic ʻĀina a me Australia.

ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kino ke ʻano he 80 a 90 cm. ʻO ka ʻōpū, ka ʻāʻī a me ka umauma o nā manu he keʻokeʻo a ʻulaʻula. Ke keʻokeʻo nā hulu i ka ʻōpū ma lalo a me ka huluhulu. ʻEleʻele ke poʻo ma luna, me he mea lā e kau ana i ka pāpale. ʻEleʻele nā ​​ʻēheu a me ke kino luna, aia ke ʻulaʻula ʻana ma luna o nā poʻohiwi, a ua ʻōmaʻomaʻo nā aʻe o nā ʻēheu. Noho nā ʻeleʻele keʻokeʻo ma nā hui a i ʻole nā ​​maina kokoke i ka wai.

• Pāʻule huluhulu Malay(Ciconia stormi)

ili liʻiliʻi, aia ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka hoʻopau ʻana. I loko o ke ao nei mai 400 a 500 mau kanaka. Hapa ka nui o ka manu: mai ka 75 a 91 cm. ʻO ka ʻeleʻele i hoʻomoʻo i loko o ke kala. Keʻokeʻo ka ʻāʻī. E pāpale ʻia ke poʻo o ka ʻōpū ma ka “cap” kahi ʻeleʻele. He lei hulu no ka noniono ka peʻe a me ka melemele a puni nā maka. ʻUlaʻula nā wāwae a ʻulaʻula.

Ke ola nei nā moʻo hulu hulu melemele ma kekahi mau mokupuni o Indonesia, ma Malaysia, Thailand, Brunei. Noho wale lākou a i ʻole ʻuluʻulu liʻiliʻi, a noho ma kahi kokoke i nā kino wai kai hoʻopuni ʻia e ka nahele.

• Kāleka ʻAmelika(Ciconia maguari)

ʻelele o ka Honua Hou. Noho ia ma ʻAmelika Hema.

ʻIke like me ke keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo e like me ka nui a me ke ʻano. Nā hiʻohiʻona: ʻiliʻeleʻele, ʻulaʻula a ʻulaʻula a puni ka maka, hina i ka kumu a me kahi aniani ʻāʻula i ka hope a me kahi ʻalohihi keʻokeʻo o nā maka. Hānau ʻia nā ʻōpio Stork i kahi keʻokeʻo, ʻeleʻele me ka pakeke, a laila e loaʻa i kahi kala makua. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kino o ka manu e loaʻa iā 90 cm, ʻo nā ʻēheu he 120 cm, ʻo ke ana o ka ʻōpū he 3.5 kg. Hoʻomaka ʻo ia i nā lua: i nā lāʻau, ma nā lāʻau haʻahaʻa a ma ka lepo, akā e hoʻopuni mau ʻia lākou e ka wai.

• ʻOrklelo Hoʻāla (Ciconia boyciana)

kahi ʻano me nā inoa he nui: Amur stork, China stork, Far Eastern a Far Eastern ʻalani keʻokeʻo. Ma mua, ua manaʻo ʻia kēia ʻano he ʻāpana o ke keʻokeʻo. Akā, ʻaʻole e like me ka keʻokeʻo, loaʻa i kahi ʻala ʻeleʻele ka palahalaha ʻulaʻula hou, ka maka i ka pihi, nā wāwae ʻulaʻula a me ke alaloa, kahi ʻeke ʻulaʻula, nā iris keʻokeʻo, a me kahi māla kala-kala i kū ʻia ma nā kihi o kekahi mau hulu ʻeleʻele.

He ʻāpana palaho ʻulaʻula ʻa ka Amur stork. I nā poʻe'ōpiopio, ua hoʻololi ʻia ke ʻeleʻele i ka brown. Ma ka nui, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka manu ma mua o kona mau hoahānau: ʻo ka lōʻihi o ka ʻēhe he 62-67 cm, ʻo ka beak he 19.5-26 cm, ʻo ke lōʻihi o ke kino a hiki i ka 1,15 m, ʻo ke koʻikoʻi ke kūpaʻa a hiki i ka 5.5 kg. Maʻa mau nā leona o Far Eastern ma ka iʻa, no ka laʻana crucian carp, loops.

Hōʻike nā inoa manu āpau i kona noho mua ʻana: ʻo ka Far East (Amur Region, Primorye, Ussuri Territory), ʻĀina China. Eia kekahi, loaʻa kēia ʻano holoholona ma Iapana a me Korea. ʻO ka hoʻoilo i ka hoʻoilo ma ka hoʻoilo ma waena o Kina, ma ka mokupuni o Taiwan a me ka ʻāpana o Hong Kong. Noho nā kahuhipa kekahi no nā hoʻoilo i North Korea, South Korea, Iapana, i kekahi manawa i hiki aku i Philippines, Myanmar, Bangladesh a me nā ʻāpana-ʻākau hikina o India. Ma Iapana, e noho nā manu ma ke kauwela a me ka hoʻoilo, ʻaʻole ka lele i ka hema i ka manawa anuanu. Ma kahi kokoke i ke kanaka, ʻaʻole e noho ka palaho ʻeleʻele, ʻae ke hoʻokū i nā nahele i nā lāʻau kiʻekiʻe. Hiki i nā nause ke kiʻi i nā lālā kiʻekiʻe a me lalo. Ke kaumaha nui nei lākou i kekahi manawa ʻaʻole hiki i nā lālā ke kū i ka umauma a e haki, ma muli o nā niha i hāʻule i ka lepo. Aia ka pipi i nā wai he 3-5.

ʻO nā ʻāpana Far East kahi līpona lūlū ʻia e mālama ʻia ma Russia, Iapana a me China. Kāhea ʻia ia ma ka Red Book o Lūkia, Kina a me Korea, a me ka Puka Kau ʻEwā Hou. Ma ke kūlohelohe, ʻaʻohe nui o nā 3,000.

Hoʻohui a Stork

Ke alakaʻi nei ʻo Storks i nā hipa, me kaʻole o ka wā hoʻoulu. Hoʻokumu nā manu i nā mea ulu no ka hoʻohana hou ʻana, e kau ana iā lākou ma nā lāʻau, nā pōhaku, nā pali, nā mea pono o nā hale a me nā hale ʻē aʻe.

• Hiki i nā stace keʻokeʻo ke pale i loko o ka ʻohana holoʻokoʻa. Ma ke ala, hoʻopili pū ʻia kēia ʻano manu me ka poʻe a noho a ʻaʻole wale ma nā lāʻau, ʻaʻole i mamao loa i nā hale kanaka, akā, aia hoʻi ma nā hale o nā hale, nā hale kiaʻi, nā puna wai, nā mea hoʻokele uila, nā pou a me nā ʻano hana ʻē aʻe. E koho ke keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo i nā hale kanaka, no ka mea he kūpono lākou no ka hana ʻana, ʻoiai ʻaʻole pono nā manu i ka poʻe e kokoke ana i ka pili.
• Hōʻalo ka pale ʻeleʻele mai nā kānaka.

Ka hoʻi ʻana mai i ka hoʻoilo, hana pinepine ka ʻōpala i ka pūnana kahiko, ka uhi ʻana iā ia me nā lāʻau, kaʻu, nā lāʻau lāʻau. ʻO kahi pāhoole hou ʻaʻole iʻoi aku ma mua o 1 m a ka lōʻihi, a i kahi ʻelemakule, hoʻopau, hiki ke piʻi i ka 2.3 m a me nā paona. Pono 8 mau lā e kūkulu. ʻO kahi kokoke i ka pūnana mua, hiki i nā ʻula keʻokeʻo ke kūkulu i kahi lua, kahi e hoʻohana ai i ka hiamoe a mālama paha i ka nalo mua. I kekahi manawa, ʻoi aku ka mākaukau ʻōpio, ʻaʻole mākaukau no ka hoʻouka ʻana, ʻaʻole makemake e kūkulu i kā lākou pūnana pono e hoʻāʻo e hopu i ka poʻe ʻē aʻe. Ma kēia hihia, kīpaha nā kāne ʻelemakule i kāna mau puʻupuʻu a hoʻolei iā ia iho i ka hoa paio. Noho ʻo kekahi mau kāne i nā nest manu o nā manu.

I ka pūnāwai, lele ka kāne i ka ʻōpala mua a kono i kā hoa aloha - ʻo ia kekahi wahine lele e lele nei. Aia nō ua hoʻi ka wahine aloha i ke kāne, a inā i lawe ʻia kāna wahi, a laila hakakā ka hakakā ma waena o nā wahine. Ke noho nei ka mea lanakila, a lele ʻo kona hoa kaua. Nui nā poʻe loea e pili ana i ka hāmeʻe e kūlike nā manu manu a lele i ka pūnana me kā lākou mau hoa maʻamau, a ʻaʻole i hana i nā pahu ma kahi o ka hōʻea ʻana.

Ke hoʻopau ʻia ka hana ʻana a i ʻole hana ʻia o nā nests. Ma nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole o kēia ʻano hana, ʻokoʻa ka hoʻomana ʻana.

I nā keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo, ke mele kāne a male wahine paha, ka poha me ko lākou mau ʻaka a lawe i nā hiʻohiʻona ponoʻī, e hoʻolei i ko lākou mau poʻo i ko lākou mau kua. Ka ʻili ʻia ka ʻili ma ka ʻāʻī a me ke kūpeʻe, e hana ana i ka ʻāʻī ʻāʻī, he ʻano he resonator. Pākuʻi ke ola i kā lākou beaks, a ʻo ke kani e kū mai ana, ua like ia me kahi ʻano o ka ʻaʻā. ʻO ke kāne ʻoi aku ka ikaika o ka wahine. Hiki iā ia ke kūwele ma luna o ka pūnana, kū kiʻekiʻe a hāʻule hoʻi i ka liʻiliʻi. Inā noho ka wahine i loko o kahi pūnana, hoʻāʻo ʻo ia e hāpai, e uhaʻi ana i kāna hoa pā me kāna nuku a me ka hoʻokūkū e kokoke ana iā ia. Ke ala ka wahine, hele ka pa, i ka wā e hāʻule ai ke kāne i ka hoa hana, e hāwū ana i kona mau wāwae a kaupaʻi ʻia o kona mau eheu.

Mai kiola aku nā poʻo i ka pale i ko lākou mau poʻo a ʻaʻole i kaomi i kā lākou beaks. E kūlou ana lākou kekahi a e hele paha me ka ʻāʻī elongated, kūlou i ke poʻo a wili i ka ʻāʻī. ʻO ka manawa maʻamau, ʻeli lākou i loko o kā lākou mau ʻū i ka hulu o ke poʻo a i ʻole ʻā hoa hoa.

Hoʻomoe ka wahine i nā hua he 3-5, e hoʻomaka e hoʻopili iā lākou ma mua o ka pau ʻana o ka waiho ʻana. He keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo, me kahi papa lahilahi, elongated. Kaupaona lākou iā 120 g.

Hoʻopau ke kūloko a hiki i ka 30 lā. ʻAno nā makua ʻelua i nā kao: maʻamau ka kāne i kēia i ka ao, a ʻo ka wahine hoʻi i ka pō. Hānau ʻia nā kuikahi, akā hoʻomaka ʻoe e ʻike ma hope o kekahi mau hola.

Ua uhi ʻia nā ʻūpī o nā pēpē me ka keʻokeʻo, ʻulaʻula kona mau wāwae a ʻeleʻele nā ​​wāwae o lākou. Hōʻike nā ʻāpana lua ma hope o ka hebedoma. I kahi keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo, ma hope o 16 mau lā, hoʻomaka nā ʻaluna e kū i luna o ko lākou mau wāwae. Ma ka lā 25, ua kū paʻa lākou ma nā wāwae ʻelua, a ma hope o 10 mau lā ke hiki iā lākou ke kū i hoʻokahi wāwae. 70 lā ma hope o ka hānau ʻana, haʻalele ka ʻōpio i ka pūnana. Hōʻuluʻulu kahi pipi liʻiliʻi ʻoi aku.

ʻAʻole maʻalahi ia e hānai i nā lāʻau kūpono. Loaʻa nā kāne kāne a me ka wahine i ka hānai ʻana. ʻO kekahi o lākou kokoke i nā moa, aʻo ka ʻai ʻē aʻe i meaʻai. Eia kekahi, hoʻoponopono pololei ka kāne stork i ka pūnana, lawe mai i nā ʻano mea kūkulu hale: lālā, mauʻu, nāhelehele. Ke kali nei i ka meaʻai, ua kaʻi nā keiki i kā lākou beak. Ke huki nei nā mākua i nā manikina a hoʻolei i ka meaʻai mai loko mai o ka ʻāʻī, hopu ke ʻalā ma luna o ka lele a ʻohi paha ma ka lalo o ka pā. Ke ulu nei, nā wahie kahe i nā meaʻai mai ko lākou mau mākua mai ka beak.

Mālama ka makua kāne a me ka makuahine i kā lākou keiki. He manu, aia i ka pūnana me ka mauʻu, ma nā lā wela e pale iā lākou mai ka lā, e kū ana ma luna o lākou me nā eheu e pālahalaha ana. Lawe mai nā mākua i ka wai i loko o kā lākou mau puʻupuʻu e hoʻoinu i ko lākou mau pēpē a hāʻawi aku no lākou i ka ʻoluʻolu ʻoluʻolu. Akā ʻo nā mea maʻi, nāwaliwali, nā pīpī manuʻai i hele wale ʻia i waho o ka nalo e ka mea ʻōpala.

Hoʻokele ke kumuʻi i hoʻomaka ʻana e lele a kokoke i nā wahi o ko lākou ʻano hānau. Ua ʻākoakoa ka ʻohana a pau ma loko o ka pō. A laila lele lele hou nā moa, a ma hope, e hoʻomaka nā ʻano o nā pua. Holo mua ʻo Storks: ʻōpio a laila ʻelemakule. A ʻoiai e lele ana ka ʻōpiopio me ke ʻole escort, alakaʻi ka hulu i ke ala ma ke ala kūpono. Ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma ka manawa o ka haʻalele i ʻaʻole pili me ka ʻaihue, a me ka nonsense wale nō. Akā ke hoʻonohonoho paʻa ʻia ke olakino olakino o kēia mau manu a hiki aku lākou i ke kauwela no kahi manawa i kahi manawa, pono ia no ka pā. Hoʻomaka ka poʻe ʻōpio i ka pale ʻana i ka makahiki o 3-4. ʻO kekahi manawa i ka hanana ma mua, ma hope o 2 mau makahiki, a i ʻole hou aʻe - a hiki i 6 makahiki.

He aha ka pilina ma waena o kahi nika a me kahi ʻono?

• No nā ʻōhua ʻo ke kauoha o ciconiiformes, ka ʻohana o nā kumulāʻau. No ka Herons nā kauoha Ciconiiformes, he ʻohana ʻohana.
• He manu nui nā manu i kahi ʻoi aku nā kālā ma mua o kāna mau ʻona.
• ʻAʻole e like me nā lei, ke ʻāʻī o ke ʻāʻule o nā kūpuna.
• I loko o nā lele, mālama ka ʻāʻī i ko lākou ʻāʻī i mua, ʻo ia ka uncharacteristic o nā ʻona.

Ma ka ʻaoʻao hema he kahakaha uliuli nui, ma ka ʻākau he ʻōpū keʻokeʻo. ʻO ka mea kākau o ke kiʻi ma ka ʻaoʻao hema: Cephas, CC BY-SA 4.0, ka mea nāna i hoʻokumu i ke kiʻi ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau: sipa, CC0.

• ʻO ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o kahi stork a me kahi heron i ka lōʻihi o nā manamana lima. ʻOi aku ka lōʻihi o nā kiʻi a ʻoi aku ka poʻe ma mua o kona poʻe.
• Noho nā Herons a hopu i ka waiwai ma ka puʻu, nā wahi i hoʻopukapuka ʻia, ma muli o ke ʻano o ko lākou manamana lima. No laila e hānai nui nā ʻōpala i ka ʻāina.
• Ua lele ka leo i ka lewa, ke lele lele nei nā puʻu, e lele ana i ko lākou mau ʻēheu a hoʻolālā wale wale ʻia i kekahi manawa.
• I ka sticks, he ʻano ʻoka ʻehā ke sternum, ma nā ʻona, he elongated ka sternum.
• ʻAʻole waiho nā pua o nā ʻala i nā ness no ka piʻi ʻana i nā lāʻau. Ke neʻe nei nā molika liʻiliʻi, i kahi ʻē aʻe, e neʻe hou ana mai ka lālā i ka lālā, e hoʻohana ana i nā wāwae, nā ʻukukua a me nā ʻēheu ole e aloha ai.
• ʻAʻole hoʻonohonoho nā Herons i nā ners i nā pali a me nā pōhaku, ʻaʻole e like me nā pali.

Ea ke kala ʻākau ma ka hema, ʻokaʻeleʻele ma ka ʻākau. ʻO ka mea kākau o ke kiʻi ma ka hema: Barbara Walsh, CC BY 2.0, ka mea kākau o ke kiʻi ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau: Johann Jaritz, CC BY-SA 3.0 ma.

He aha ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o ka lewa a me ke stilo?

• ʻO nā storks a me nā kumu pāʻani ke kūmole o nā kauoha like ʻole. ʻO ka ʻohu a ke kauoha o ciconiiformes, ka ʻohana o nā kumulāʻau. He manu ke ʻano mai ka cranes, he ʻohana cranes.
• Kūkā ʻia ka beak o nā kaanaka e like me ke ʻano o ke ʻano lāʻau.
• I ka plumage o nā hīnaʻu he palupalu nā lōʻihi. I nā papa hana, ʻoi aku lākou ua paʻakikī a pōkole.
• Hana nui nā Cranes i nā kani kūwaʻi a nui loa. ʻAʻole he leo ka hapa nui o nā storks (koe wale nō ka stork uliuli), ke ʻano wale nō lākou ma ke kaomi ʻana i kahi beak.
• Loaʻa nā ʻokoʻa ma waena o nā manu i kā lākou meaʻai. E hānai wale ana ʻo Stace i nā holoholona liʻiliʻi. ʻO nā cranes, ʻaʻole e like me nā moʻo, he mau mea kanu maoli: ʻai lākou i nā hua a me nā hua o nā mea kanu, pua o nā ʻano lāʻau like ʻole a me nā mea ʻai. ʻAi liʻiliʻi nā cranes i nā meaʻai holoholona.
• E noho wale nā ​​Cranes i nā wahi kahawai. Hoʻohui kekahi i nā loko, koho nō hoʻi nā māla i nā wahi ākea, kahi hoʻi e noho ana i nā kauā.

Ma ka ʻaoʻao hema he kahua ʻAmelika, ma ka ʻākau he ʻōpū keʻokeʻo. ʻO ka mea kākau o ke kiʻi ma ka hema: Ryan Hagerty / USFWS, Public Domain, ka mea nona ke kiʻi ma ka ʻākau: dassel, CC0.

• Nā ʻano pāʻani Matrimonial o ke ʻano lāʻau a me nā kara.
• Kūkulu nā ʻala i nā mea ʻona ma luna o ka lepo: ma luna o nā lāʻau, nā poʻi, nā mea hale o nā hale, nā pōhaku. ʻAʻole noho ka Cranes ma luna o nā lāʻau, a hoʻonohonoho ʻia nā ʻuʻuku ma ka lepo. ʻOi aku ka nui o nā nests Cranes i ʻole ʻokoʻa.
• Loaʻa nā Cranes i 1-2 mau huaʻa, ʻōpena 3-5 hua manu.
• Hoʻokomo nā mākua ʻelua i nā hua manu no nā moʻo, nā wahine wale nō no ka ʻeke, a hana ke kāne i kahi mea pale.
• Hoʻokumu nā cranes i nā pālua no ke ola, e noho pū ana me ka lele a lele ʻole i kahi hipa. Hiki i nā stace ke hana i nā pālua i kēlā me kēia kau.
• Ke lele pono nei no ka hoʻoilo, kū ka piʻi i loko o kahi kalepa, lele nā ​​ʻōpala i loko o kahi ʻohana hoʻomohala.
• Holo a lele nā ​​Cranes i kā lākou mau eheu, e hoʻolālā wale ana i ka wā a pau lākou i lalo i ka honua. Hoʻohana nui nā papa i nā mokulele.
• Kekahi mau ʻano ʻano ʻano ʻano, i ka ʻōpala keʻokeʻo, ʻaʻole makaʻu i nā kānaka a e noho ma ka ʻaoʻao o lākou. Makaʻu nā Cranes i nā kānaka a makemake e haʻalele iā lākou.

Ma ka ʻaoʻao hema he ʻano hina, ma ka ʻākau he ʻōpū keʻokeʻo. ʻO ka mea kākau o ke kiʻi ma ka hema: Vyh Pichmann, CC BY-SA 3.0, ka mea nona ke kiʻi ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau: susannp4, CC0.