O ka Mojave Rattlesnake he mea awaawa loa. Loaa ia mahele ma na wahi waonahele ma ke komohana hema, a me ke kaona ma Mekiko, a, e like me ka poe akeakamai, ua loaa ia i ka mea awaawa hanu me waena o na mau ona a pau. ʻO ka mākaʻu ʻo Mojave e pili ana iā 3.3 mau wāwae ka lōʻihi (ka lōʻihi), me ke kiʻekiʻe loa he 4 mau wāwae. ʻOkoʻa ke kala o ka nahesa i ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo o ke kukuiʻula i ka brown, kahi e hiki ai ia ia ke hoʻohui maikaʻi me ke kaiapuni.
Hōʻea loa ka mojave ratn. Hoʻopaʻa pinepine nā kaʻe ʻo Mojave i nā hōʻailona, e hoʻohaumia i nā kānaka i ka hōʻemi o ka nui o kā lākou ʻuʻuku. Eia nō naʻe, i loko o kekahi mau hola, pilikia nā pilikia, nā pilikia me ka ʻōlelo, hoʻopau, a me ka nāwaliwali o ka naʻau pinepine. Eia kekahi, hoʻonā pinepine ka ʻalo i nā pilikia hanu.
# 9 Pūnaewele Kapukaka
He mau nahesa pona maikaʻiono o Filipina no ka mea e noho nei ma nā kihi ʻākau loa o nā mokupuni o Filipina. Kūpono ka nānā ʻana a he pāpale hoʻi i hiki ke hoʻāla ʻia inā ka hoʻoweliweli ʻia. ʻO ka lōʻihi cobra ka lōʻihi ma kahi o 3.3 kapuai. Eia nō naʻe, ʻike ʻia e hiki i kekahi cobras Pilipino i ka lōʻihi o 5.2 mau wāwae. Noho pinepine ka cobra Filipina i nā haʻahaʻa a me nā ululāʻau o ka mokulele o Pilipine, a ua ʻike pinepine ʻia ʻo ia i nā wahi wai wai.
He mea ikaika loa ka poeko o ka piliona Kaleponi a kahi i loaʻa ai nā postotoaptic neurotoxin e hoʻopili pololei ana i ka ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū o nā mea i hōʻeha ʻia. Ua ʻike ʻia kekahi mea e hoʻokūkū ai i nā ʻōnaehana o ka neuromuscular system. Nā hōʻailona o ka huehue huehue e komo nui ana ka nausea, ka luaʻi, ka migraine, ka ʻeha o ka ʻōpū, ka ʻōpū, ka maʻi ʻeha, ka pilikia ʻana i ka ʻōlelo a me ka hanu ʻana. ʻAʻole e like me ka Mojave rattlesnake, ʻike pinepine ʻia nā hōʻailona (i loko o kanakolu mau minuke). ʻOiai aia kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau e hiki ke kōkua i ka hōʻoluʻolu i ka ʻāʻī, ʻaʻole lākou ke kūleʻa mau ʻia, e like me ka nui o nā bile i hoʻohuli ʻia ka make. Ke hoʻopilikia nei ka hewa, ua hiki i ka ʻōpala Pilipi ke hana i kona pōʻino i nā mea pōpilikia, e hōʻeha i ka hōʻeha kino ma ka maka o ka poʻe (me ka makapō mau ʻole).
10. Hakalaka
Loaʻa nā lehulehu i nā North, Central a me ʻAmelika Hema. He paukaha nā mea a pau, a me ka māi ʻana o kekahi mau mauʻu i mea e make ai. Loaʻa iā lākou ko lākou inoa hoihoi no ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi kao - kahi welī ma ka huelo. Ke hele aʻe kahi pōʻino, e hoʻomaka ka huʻu a hoʻoluliluli. Ke kuhi koke nei nā holoholona āpau e pili ana i kēia mea.
He ala hemotoxic ka mea make o kēia nahesa: no ka mea he kumu coagulopathy (e pani ana ke koko i ka ʻaʻe ʻana), a ke kumu nō hoʻi ka make o nā huina a me nā io. Mai kāna mau hopena, lilo ka ʻāʻī o ka ʻāʻī o kahi kanaka e like me ka pōhaku. ʻO ka nui loa o nā mea ʻawaʻawa e noho ana i ʻAmelika ʻAmelika - he daimana. ʻO kahi pōpoki o kēia reptile ke lawa a make i nā pōkole 15,000. Mai kāna waiʻona, ʻaʻole hiki ke hemorrhage hiki ke hele wale, akā ka maʻi pākaha o nā māhina o nā ʻōnaehana.
Aia aia kahi manawa e hoʻemi ai i ka hopena o ka make i ka 4%: pono e hāʻawi ʻia ke kōkua lāʻau lapaʻau manawa i ka mea pepehi. Akā e kū mau ka ʻili mai ka ngu.
Loha Manaʻo ʻia nā cubs Ratakenake i ʻoi aku ka pōʻino ma mua o nā kāne i manaʻo ʻia no ka mea ʻaʻole hiki ke ʻae lākou i ka nui o nā mea i pau i ka ʻalo.
9. Tenon Australia
ʻO ka spinetail kahi poʻo kāpae like ʻole ʻia. ʻAʻole lōʻihi loa a lōʻihi paha. Ua like ia me ka puʻu manu. Akā ʻo nā hiʻohiʻona o kahi meaola i loko o kāna mau moliona e hana i nā mea ola ola i kahi ala ʻē aʻe.
ʻAʻole haʻalele ka luna o kēia reptile i ka ʻahaʻaina ma kona mau ʻohana. Hoʻokomo i nā nahe mai kahi huna. ʻO ka make ʻana mai i kahi hōʻeuʻeu o ka ʻumi Australia, ua hele mai ia i ka hopena o ka hōʻea ʻana i ka hanu palolo. ʻO kāna huʻu he neurotoxic. Hiki ke hopena i kahi hopena momona ma hope o nā hola ʻeono inā ʻaʻole e lawelawe ʻia kahi antidote. Hoʻokuʻu e ka antidote i nā hōʻailona nui a hōʻoluʻolu i ke kūlana o ka mea hoʻopiʻi. ʻO ka manawa e ola ai me nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻaʻole ma mua o 50%.
ʻAʻohe! Thorntail hoʻoluhi manawa - 0.13 kekona.
8. Viper
Hōʻike ka ʻohana viper ma luna o 200 mau ʻano. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia lākou ma ka honua a puni, hoʻi ma Russia. Ke ola nei i ke anu a me ka pōloli, moe kolohe nā vipers no ka hoʻoilo. Hoʻolaha lākou i nā lua kai i lalo o lalo, i kekahi manawa ʻākoakoa i nā pōpoki o ke kanaka he nui.
Pono! ʻO kā ka viper maʻamau ka mea ʻona wale nō e noho nei ma kēlā ʻaoʻao o Arctic Circle.
ʻO Sandy efa ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo ka nui loa o ka ʻawaʻawa. Noho ʻo ia ma India a me Kina. ʻO kāna hiʻohiʻona ka mea e lilo ai i hana ma hope o ka ua. Hoʻokomo i ka mea nāna i hoʻopihapiha, kanu ʻia i ke one a i ʻole lau hāʻule.
He lōʻihi nā niho a ka poʻe vipers i ka wā lōʻihi, e pani ana i ko lākou waha, ka mea i koi ʻia lākou e kūlou i ka ʻili o ke kua. ʻO kēia mau niho i ka kumu i hoʻolako ʻia me nā pihi kūikawā e hana like me nā hinges.
ʻAʻohe! ʻO nā niho lohi lōʻihi lōʻihi ka Gabon viper. Hiki i ko lākou lōʻihi i ka 5 m.
Hoʻomaka ka naʻau o ka mea ʻānai i ke kua lohi, e hāʻule mau ke kaumaha. Kūʻai ke ʻano o ka wahi i hoʻomaka ʻia, e hoʻomaka ana e hōʻeha, a hiki ke koko. Loaʻa ka mea hōʻeha i ka ʻeha ma loko o kona kino, hiki ke hōʻeha kēia hōʻeha a hiki i 2 mau mahina. ʻO ka hopena kaumaha paha ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka make mai ka hopu ʻana i ka hanu ma hope o 1-2 mau pule.
7. Kapalakaka ʻo Pilipo
ʻAʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohilahila i kēia nani me nā mea ʻē aʻe: ʻo ka pālahalaha ākea e nānā a nani loa. Nui nā ʻano cobras e noho ana ma ka honua. ʻO ka naheka ʻona ʻawaʻawa loa i ka honua ko ke aliʻi cobra. A ʻo ka Pilipino ka mea nui i ka ʻōpala ʻona nui. Hū ʻia ua mea ʻāʻaka weliweli i mua o ke kino ʻoi loa i luna o ka ʻāina e hiki ai ke ʻike i loko o nā maka.
Aia kona waiwai i ka waiwai a neurotoxic. Hoʻāla koke ka make ʻana mai o kahi pōpoki - i loko o ka hapalua hola, ʻoiai ua pau ka ʻōhumu a me nā ʻōnaehana maʻi. I kēia hihia, kokoke nāʻino o ka ʻili. Hōʻike ʻia, hoʻohiki, nānā ke nānā ʻia
ʻAʻohe! Hiki i ka "spit" a Philippine cobra venom uhi kahi mamao o 3 mika.
6. Na pua ʻolahi
No ka ʻohana ʻona ʻo kā tiger. Noho nā ʻōpū he nui i Australia a me nā mokupuni e pili ana. Kūlike lākou i ka helehelena, akā like pū lākou i kahi hiʻohiʻona maʻamau - ka mea ʻawaʻawa ikaika loa.
Hiki i ke kino o nā ʻīlani tiger ʻAmelika ke aniani, ʻeleʻele a ʻoliva paha i kala me ke aniani māmā. ʻO nā ʻōiwi noho e noho nei i nā wahi anuanu ka mea maʻamau i ka waihoʻoluʻu: ʻeleʻele ka ʻōiwi, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi i ka wela.
ʻAʻole i lele ʻole ka ʻili Tiger. Make ka holoholona ma kēlā wahi. ʻIke ka mea i hoʻopilikia ʻia i ka ʻehaʻāina kūloko, nā māla. Ma hope o kekahi mau hola, hana ka hana o ka racotoxic racun: kāna hana ʻana i ka hiki o nā pūnoho a me ka hopu ʻana.
5. Kāpau ʻeleʻele
ʻO 4 wale nō nā ʻano o ka mambas e ola i ka honua. Noho lākou a pau ma ʻApelika. Hoʻoweliweli maikaʻi loa nā mea ʻala i ke kūloko a makaʻu i ka mambas, a mahalo nui iā lākou.
ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo loa, ʻehā ka loaʻa ʻana o ka mamba ʻeleʻele. ʻO kona inoa ma muli o ka ʻeleʻele o ka waha o ka waha. ʻO ka ʻiʻoma lōʻihi loa loa kēia ma Aferika: a hiki i 4 mika. ʻO nā mambas keʻokeʻo e lawe i kahi kūpono i kekahi wahi hōʻoluʻolu no ka mālama ʻana. Hiki iā ia ke hollow, he crevice ma waena o nā pōhaku, a me kahi o kēlā ʻoki a i ʻole hoʻi i ʻole o kahi hale o ka hale.
Pono! ʻO ka moʻo ʻeleʻele ka wikiwiki. Ke kūkaʻi, hiki iā ia ke neʻe i ka wikiwiki o ka 20 km / h.
ʻO ka pōpele ʻeleʻele he pīpī "makaʻu" ʻoiʻi, mākaukau e hoʻouka ma ka wahi liʻiliʻi. ʻOiai e neʻe wikiwiki nei, neʻe ʻo ia i kona poʻo a me ka ʻāʻī ma luna o ka ʻāina, i kēlā me kēia manawa ke hiki ai ʻoe i ka ʻenemi.
O ka iona nui o keia nahesa ʻona loa! Hoʻokahi kahi pōpoki e hōʻeha a hiki i ka 25 poʻe. Inā ʻoe ʻaʻole hāʻawi i ka antidote, ʻo ka hopena o ka make he 100%. Loaʻa ka mea hōʻeha i ka ʻeha ʻeha ma ka pūnaewele o ka lesion. A laila hoʻomaka ka ʻike ʻana i ke ʻano hilahila, ʻike ka ʻāpana i kona mau maka, haʻalulu a me nā mea i koʻo i loko o kona kino. Pahu, huʻi, hope, hopu paʻa i ke aho, koma, a me ka make i hoʻohui koke ʻia. ʻAʻole i hala i ka hapalua hola.
4. ʻO ke kai kūʻono ʻo Taipan
He lālā ʻo Taipan i ka ʻohana aspid. ʻO kēia ka mea nui loa e noho ai ka ʻAmelika a me New Guinea he mea paʻakikī loa nō nā kānaka. No ka leʻaleʻa o nā wahi kamaʻāina, makemake ʻo ia i nā wahi ākea a loaʻa i ka pinepine. He reptile nui loa kēia. ʻO nā niho ʻona huapoʻi e ʻoi aku ma mua o 1 cm.ʻO ka nui o ka pona i hoʻokahi kanaka hiki ke 400 mg.
Make ke kino ʻo Taipan venom. ʻO kahi lawelawe e lawa e luku ai i ka pākeke 12. ʻAʻole i hoʻokahi hihia o nā mea i pakele ma hope o kāna hoʻouka ʻana ma mua o ka komo ʻana o ka antidote. Inā hāʻawi koke ʻoe i nā kōkua olakino, hiki ʻole ke pale ʻia nā pale mālama maʻi. ʻO ka mea i make ʻole ka neurotoxic wale nō, akā ʻo nā mea coagulopathic hoʻi, ke kōkua nei i ka hoʻolālā koke ʻana o nā māka koko i loko o ke koko a me ka hoʻouka ʻana i nā kīʻaha koko.
3. Malay kālai polū
ʻIke ʻia kēia ʻīlio ma Indonesia a me Asia Hema. ʻO Malay Krai kahi ʻōlelo kuhi nocturnal. Makemake i ʻuʻoli i nā nahesa ʻē aʻe. Ma hope o ka hana ʻana i kahi aʻa, ʻaʻole e hoʻokuʻu ka hūlū i ka mea i hoʻopihapiha ʻia, akā ke kīpī i ka ʻāʻī i kekahi mau manawa a komo ke ʻono i ka hohonu.
ʻO kēia hona ka ikaika loa o ka neurotoxin. Ua oi aku ka ikaika ma mua o ka ʻiʻo. 16 mau manawa! Mai kāna hana, e hele koke ana ka lolo. He lawa ka hapalua o ka lā no ka make.
2. ʻO ke aliʻi brown or mulga
ʻO kekahi luna hou o ka aspid, noho ka mulga ma Australia. ʻO ia ka mea nona nā kala keʻokeʻo nani a ʻāʻī ākea. I ka wā o ka hoʻouka ʻana, hoʻonui ʻia ka ʻāʻī, akā ʻaʻole ia i kau i ka uhi.
Pōʻā ka mea ʻona. Hoʻokahi paha kahi pōpoki 150 mg. ʻO nā ʻōpio ʻōpiopio, ʻōpio, he make. ʻAʻole naʻe i hoʻokuʻu aku ka mōʻī brown i ka mea ʻawaʻawa, ʻaʻole hiki ke nāu āpau i hōʻeha. Hiki iā ia ke alualu i kāna ʻīlio iā ia no kahi lōʻihi o ka manawa, hoʻopaʻa pinepine ʻia. Me ka hālāwai me ke aliʻi brown, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke neʻe ʻana, no ka mea, ʻo ka wikiwiki o ka neʻe ʻana o ka uila.
1. Taipan McCoy a i ʻole ʻo ka Piʻo Kaiahi
ʻAmelika ... ʻO ka wahi o nā nahesa ʻona nui loa i ka honua honua. ʻO Taipan, kahi nahesa wela, he nahesa ʻino - nui nā inoa i hāʻawi ʻia e ia e kekahi kanaka ma muli o ke ʻano paʻakikī, wikiwiki a me ka ikaika o ka ʻona. ʻO kēia ka nahe nui maikaʻi loa i ka honua! ʻO kēlā me kēia lua o ka mea i make ma ka mokuʻāina o Ausetensland i make mau nō ka lālani o kahi kaipan. Noho ʻo Taipan McCoy ma ka ʻāina, a ma ka wao nahele a me ka ʻāina o ʻAulopa.
Ka luhi ʻo ka nahe i ka mea pōpilikia me ka wikiwiki o ka uila, me kahi hala ʻole a pā pinepine.
ʻO Taipan ka ʻona ʻawaʻawa make nui e noho ana ma ka honua. He 200 mau nāwaliwali o ka pōnehu Kime. Hiki i kahi pōkole o Taipan ke luku i kahi 300,000 mau kiʻi a 100 paha mau kānaka.
Snake Sea Snake
Aia ʻo ia i waho o kā mākou helu. ʻO kēia ka mea i hoʻopaʻa i ka inoa o ka naheka ʻona nui ma ka lewa. He 100 mau manawa palupalu ʻo Taipan venom ma mua o Belcher. ʻO kahi puʻaha o nā mea ʻawa e lawa ai e luku ai i hoʻokahi mau haneli.
He manu luku ʻo Belcher. Hoʻonui ʻo ia i kona ola a pau i ka wai. ʻO kāna wahi noho ai ʻo ʻAmelika Hema a me nā wai o ʻAmelika Hema. ʻAʻole hiki i kēia mau ʻīlio ke neʻe i ka ʻāina a i hoʻolei ʻia ma ka ʻāina, make koke lākou. Hōʻoluʻolu loa lākou a ʻano ʻino ʻole i kā lākou mea kaua make: he hapaha wale nō o nā pana i loaʻa ka mea ʻawaʻawa. ʻAʻole aneane kokoke ka poʻe mai nā hālāwai me Belcher. ʻO ke kumu wale nō ka hana o ka lawaiʻa o ka lawaiʻa i ka wā e hopu ai mai nā ʻupena.
# 8 Viper Snake Snake
ʻO ka nahesa maikaʻi e like me ka nahesa make, he nahesa nui e noho la ma Australia, a me New Guinea a me nā wahi e kokoke ana. Ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo ia kekahi o nā nahesa make i ka honua. ʻOiai ʻo ka Deadly Viper ka hiʻohiʻona o kahi ʻōkohu, ʻo ia nō kekahi lālā o ka ʻohana nahesa, kahi o nā cobras a me nā mambas ʻeleʻele. ʻO kēia mau nānika he pōkole, me nā poʻo liʻiliʻi a me nā unahi liʻiliʻi e hoʻonani i kona kino. He mau manu nui ko lākou, a me ka "bait" ma ka welau o kā lākou huelo, like me ka ʻōpala liʻiliʻi. ʻOiai hiki paha ke kau i ka nahe i ka mea ʻeha a hoʻokomo i nā mea ʻono i loko o ka haʻalulu ma lalo o 0.15 kekona.
He make nui nā neurotoxin make a ʻo Serpent Venom. He ʻeha nui nā pōpoki a hiki i ke alakaʻi i ka make i loko o nā hola ʻeono inā ʻaʻole i ʻike ʻia ka mālama ʻana. E like me nā mea ʻē aʻe ma kēia papa inoa, huki pinepine ka ʻalo i ka lolo, a me ka pani piha ʻana o ka ʻōnaehana. ʻOiai, ua hoʻomohala ʻia nā antidotes, ke ola mau nei ka make mai ko lākou ʻōpala, ʻoiai ke kakalaulē hiki ke hoʻolōʻihi i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā hōʻailona ma kahi ākea.
# 7 Na nahehi Tiger
He nahesa nui ʻona nui i loaʻa ma ka ʻaoʻao hema o ʻAmelika a me Tasmania. ʻO nā ʻōpū Tiger he 3.93 mau wāwae i ka lōʻihi a hele mai i kahi like ʻole e like me kā lākou wahi (oliva, melemele, ʻoniʻoni, ʻulaʻula a me nā ʻeleʻele). E like me nā cobras, ʻano nui ka naona tiger i ka makaʻu a hoʻonohonoho i kona kino e hoʻokiʻena i kona poʻo ma luna o ka papa o ka honua. Loaʻa nā ʻiʻo tiger i nā kahakai, nā ʻāina a me nā kakalā.
ʻO nā ʻokiʻoki i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma Australia ma waena o 2005 a 2015, ua ʻoi aku ka poʻe nāhele ʻona i loaʻa ma kahi o 17 pakeneka o nā ʻuʻea āpau ma ka ʻāina. I nā kakela he 119, ʻehā mau kānaka i make i nā hoʻopiʻi. I ka waiona o nā naʻona tiger, ʻo nā neurotoxins potent, coagulants, myotoxins a me hemolysins. Nā hōʻailona o kā lākou huʻū e hōʻeha ai i ka ʻeha nui ma ka wāwae a me ka ʻāʻī, ke kani ʻana o ke kino, ka ʻūhā nui ʻana, ka hōʻeha ʻana, ka pilikia a me ka hanu. ʻO ka makeʻana mai o nā ʻnaka tiger the untreated he aneane ʻeono paha ka nui o ka hapa.
# 6 Chain viper
ʻO ke kūpaʻa kaulele, i ʻike ʻia ʻo ia hoʻi ʻo "Russell viper", he mea make maikaʻi ia mai ka ʻohana viper. Loaʻa nui ia ma Asia Hema, China, Taiwan a me India. Hiki i kēia mau mea make make ke hele aku i ka lōʻihi o 5.5 mau wāwae a me ka laulā e pili ana i ʻeono iniha. Loaʻa nā poʻo vipers chain i ke poʻo ʻolu a me nā maka pihi. ʻOkoʻa nā hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona o nā nahele like ʻole, akā ʻo ka maʻamau ka melemele a me kaʻulaʻula. ʻO nā maile chain ka maʻamau a maʻamau i ʻike ʻia ma nā wahi hānai a i ʻole nā momi. He maʻamau maʻamau lākou a puni ka mahiʻai, akā haʻalele i nā wahi maʻa a me nā bolts. ʻO kekahi kumu nui o ke kīʻaha no ka poʻe kīwī he rodents. A ke hopena, loaʻa pinepine kēia mau nāhelehele a puni nā noho, i hāʻawi ʻia i nā mea nui a me nā kiʻī i nā mea kokoke i nā kānaka.
Hoʻonui ka hua nā vain i ka nui o nā mea make i ko lākou huki, nā mea make loa i nā kānaka ma nā kaila o 40-70 mg. ʻO nā ʻōuli maʻamau o kahi pōpoki viper e loaʻa i ka hoʻowalewua nui (ka mea nui i ke kīpī a me ka urine), ka wikiwiki o ke kahe ana o ke koko (a me ka puʻuwai puʻuwai), blistering, necrosis, vomiting, kaʻi ʻana o ka maka, ka male ʻole o ka huehue, a me ka ʻaihue koko. No nā poʻe e ʻimi nei i ka mālama mālama ʻana, e kūleʻa ana ka antidote. Eia nō naʻe, pinepine ka ʻeha mai kahi huʻaneʻe no kahi he ʻehā mau pule a ʻike ʻia ʻo ia e hōʻeha ʻia ka nui o ka kino. Ma ka 29 pakeneka o nā mea ola e hōʻeha ʻia i ka mea a lākou e hoʻopiha ai.
# 5 Maʻomaʻo mamba
He ʻano ʻano ʻona nui makehewa nā Black Mamba i loaʻa ma Sub-Saharan Africa. Kaulana ʻo Mamba no kona lōʻihi, ka awelika o 6,6 a 10 mau wāwae. Ua hōʻea kekahi o Black Mambas i ka lōʻihi he aneane 14,8 mau wāwae, ke avea nei kekahi o nā nahesa lohi loa lōʻihi loa o ka honua. ʻEleʻele a ʻeleʻele a me nā poli lepa ʻeleʻele, me ka pākeke ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o nā ʻōpio. Aia hoʻi e ʻike ʻia ua ola nei kēia nahe a i ka lepo a ma nā lāʻau. I ka hopena, ua ʻike pinepine ʻia lākou ma nā savannah, nā nahele, a me nā wahi hoʻi. Aia ia ma kēia mau ʻāina e ʻohi pinepine ka Black Mamba i nā manu a me nā holoholona liʻiliʻi.Hāʻawi i kāna wikiwiki (e like me 10 mau mile i kēlā me kēia hola), hiki i ka nahesa ke hopu koke me ka hapa nui o kāna mea pio.
ʻAʻole i like me nā nakahi e ae, ke hōʻeha pinepine nei ka Black Mamba i nā mea e pehu ai i ka hopena. ʻO kona honu, ka nui o nā neurotoxins, e hōʻeha i nā hōʻailona ma loko o kahi mau minuke he ʻehā a hōʻino ʻia inā ʻaʻole ke lawelawe koke ʻia ka antidote. Ma mua o ka hoʻolilo ʻana i ka edema kūloko a me nā nekrosis (e like me nā pōkole ʻomaʻomaʻo nui), ʻōlohelohe ʻeleʻele ʻo Mamba i ka ikaika tingling sensation, ke kāʻei metallic i loko o ka waha, ka lalau ʻana o nā pūlima, nā hana neurological, ʻehaʻeha ʻike a me ke paralysis o ka ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū. ʻO ka hiamoe maikaʻi loa, hiki ʻole ke ʻōlelo, nausea, luaʻi a me ka ʻomaʻewa ʻū pinepine nō hoʻi. Hoʻopau loa ʻia ka poʻe e ka Black Mamba i loko o ke kanahā kumamālima mau minuke a make pinepine lākou i loko o ʻehiku mau hola, ke ʻole ka hāʻawi ʻia ʻana o ka hoʻōla wikiwiki.
# 4 Nālehe ʻona kala
ʻO ka nahe ʻōleʻa ʻikiko i loaʻa i kahi ʻīlio make nui e noho ana ma ka hikina a ma waena o Australia, a ma ka ʻaoʻao hema o New Guinea. He ʻiliʻili ka nahe a he lōʻihi ka ʻona ʻehiku mau wāwae. E like me ke ʻano o ka inoa, ʻeleʻele ka ʻōneke i ke kala, a loaʻa i kekahi nā nahesa i ʻulaʻula. Loaʻa nā nahesa i nā ʻona āpau, me ke koe ʻole o nā nahele walo a puni ʻAulalia. ʻIke pinepine lākou ma nā mahiʻai, no ka mea, ʻo kā lākou mea nui nuihe he kiʻo hale kūloko. Kūpono ʻia nā nāhelehe no kā lākou liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi, nā ʻōlelo ʻeleʻele a me nā maka ʻeleʻele. ʻOkoakoa loa lākou i ke ʻano he maʻamau loa i ka lā.
Ka mea ʻala ʻala ʻehā ʻawaʻawa he make a he kumu no ka make. I ka ʻumikūmālua ʻumikūmono i kākau ʻia ma waena o 2005 a me 2015 i ʻAmelika, he ʻumikūmālima mau haneli. ʻO nā ʻōuli mua o kahi kīlī palu i loaʻa i ke koko, ke kī hōʻolo koke ʻana i ke koko, ke koko ikaika, a me ka pohō o ka naʻau. ʻO nā ʻōuli ʻē aʻe e pili ana i ka hana ʻana o ka pēpē, maʻi hōʻeha a me ka luaʻi, a me ka migraines. Hoʻomaka koke nā ʻōmole (ʻumikūmālima mau minuke ma hope o ka hoka). Eia nō naʻe, ma muli o ka nui o nā mea i hoʻopau ʻia i ka wā o ka lawaiʻa, ua ʻike ʻia kekahi poʻe e ʻike i nā hopena koʻikoʻi ma loko o nā minuke ʻelua wale nō. ʻAʻole ʻike ʻia ka neurotoxicity i ka wā e aihue ai ka nahesa, no ka mea e hoʻopilikia pinepine ʻia kāna wahi pōpoki me ka ʻōnaehana cardiovascular a ka mea ʻai. ʻOiai he loaʻa nā antidote mai ka makahiki 1956, ʻo ka hoʻomaka koke o nā hōʻailona e hoʻolilo pinepine i nā pono o kahi antidote, ʻoiai e hala pinepine ka poʻe i hōʻemi ʻia no ka hopu ʻana ma mua o ka hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia ke kōkua kūpono.
Taipan McCoy (Oxyuranus microlepidotus)
ʻO Taipan McCoy hoʻi, ʻo ia hoʻi ka inoa ma uka o Taipan, ʻo ia ka nahe ʻona maikaʻi loa ma ka honua. ʻO Taipan venom ma kahi o 140 mau manawa iʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o ke kai cobra venom. ʻO kahi mākahi hoʻokahi a Taipan McCoy i lawa e pepehi ai e pili ana i 100 poʻe.
Eia naʻe, aia nā nūhou. I kēia lā, ʻaʻole i helu ʻia i ka make hoʻokahi mai kahi huehue ʻana o Taipan McCoy. No ke aha la hoi? ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo ʻoiai aia i kāna mau ʻōlapa, he nahesa maikaʻi. Eia kekahi, ʻike pinepine nā kānaka iā lākou ma ka hihiu. Inā mālama ʻo ia i kahi kanaka, a laila pili ka make i kahi o 45 mau minuke.
ʻO ka mea nāna i ʻike mua i kēia ʻīlio, ʻo ia ka zoologist Pelekane ʻo Frederick McCoy. Ua hiki ia i ka makahiki 1879. A ʻike hou ʻia ka taipan i 1882. Ma hope o, no 90 mau makahiki, ʻaʻohe kanaka i hele mai ma luna ona. Ma ka liʻiliʻi inā ʻaʻohe ʻikepili i palapala ʻia. Ma ke ala, ma muli o kēia, nui nā poʻe e manaʻo nei ʻaʻole i ka nui ka ʻāina.
Kaʻapaikeke Brown Snake (Pseudonaja textilis)
ʻO ka ʻikepili reticulated brown lahilahi ka lua i ka honua i ka huʻawaʻu, ma waena o nā ʻano ʻāina. ʻO nā mea maʻamau ma Australia.
E like me ka mea o ka taipan, ʻaʻole ia he ʻano ʻinoʻino loa, e makemake ana i ke hoʻi aku ma mua o ke ʻano he kue me kekahi kanaka. A inā nānāʻo ia, ʻo ka manawa e hoʻoulu i ka mea ʻona he 50:50.
ʻOiai nā liʻiliʻi, nā ʻōpio ʻōpio o kēia mau ʻano e hiki ke pepehi i kekahi me ka ʻuʻuku hoʻokahi. ʻO ka poʻi Pseudonaja textilis ka mea nā neurotoxins a me nā coagulants. Ma hope o kahi hoʻopiʻi, puʻu ka koko (i ka hopena o nā coagulants) a me ka maʻi paralysis e hele mai (ʻo ka hopena o ka neurotoxins).
Blue Krait (Bungarus kandidus)
He paʻakai maikaʻi loa kēia. Ke hoʻopunipuni nei kona helehelena. He hiʻohiʻona maikaʻiʻole kēia. Loaʻa ia ma Asia a me Indonesia. He mau wahi nocturnal lākou. ʻO ka make ʻona o Blue Kraot ua mea make nui a hiki i ka 50% o nā poʻe e loaʻa i ka antidote ke make mau.
Akā aia nā tala maikaʻi. E like me ka ʻano o nā mea i kau ʻia ma luna nei, ʻaʻole ʻano kūlike kēia mea. ʻO kēia nā holoholona moana wīwī e makemake i ʻole e hakakā me nā kānaka.
A ʻo nā helu helu, ʻaʻole ia he hauʻoli. Ma kahi o 85% o nā kānaka e make ai i kēia ʻōpio i make.
ʻAllelo Haʻalakai (Oxyuranus scutellatus)
ʻO Coastal Taipan ke kolu o nā mea ʻona ʻona he nui. Ma hope o ka lawoʻa ʻana o ka taipan kahakai, hoʻopau ʻia ke koko i ke kanaka a hōʻino ka ʻōnaehana o ka pīpī, e hele ana i ka maʻi pālolo. Hate ka hapanui o nā kānaka i loko o hoʻokahi hola e ʻānai ʻia ai. ʻAʻole hiki ke ola inā ʻaʻole kekahi antidote.
ʻEkolu mau māhoe o ka kahakai o nā kahakai, pau a pau nā mea āpau.
ʻO ka mea mua e hopu ana i ke kai kūʻono i kēlā me kēia kahakai ʻalani ʻo Australian Badologist. Eia naʻe naʻe, make ka taipan iā ia a make ia i ka lā aʻe, no ka mea, ʻaʻole i hana ʻia nā mea e kūʻē ai i kāna mau pua.
ʻEleʻele Mamba (Dendroaspis polylepis)
ʻAʻole ʻo ka ʻoliki ʻinā ka nui a ka ʻona nunui i ka honua, akā e pili ana i ka wikiwiki ʻo ia ka mea ma mua o kēia TOP. ʻAʻole hiki i ka pakele mai ka mamba ʻeleʻele hikiʻole. Hiki iā ia ke hele i ka 20 km / h.
ʻO ka hapa nui kā lākou noho ma ʻApelika. ʻAʻole e like me nā ʻano i kau ʻia ma luna aʻe, he ʻoluʻolu loa kēia. ʻO kahi pīpī o ka mamba ʻeleʻele e lawa ka make o nā pālua 10-25.
Aia i ka ikaika o ka kulu a me ka nui o ka mea i make i ka mamba ʻeleʻele i make, hiki ke make ma 15-180 mau minuke.
Snake Kekahi (Notechis scutatus)
He manu makehewa ʻo Tiger. Hoʻokahi kahi pōpoki e pepehi i kekahi i loko o 30 mau minuke wale. Eia naʻe, aia nā nūhou. ʻO ka manawa pinepine ma hope o kahi kiki, ua loaʻa i kahi kanaka nā hola 6-24 i mea e lawe ai i kahi antidote. Eia nō hoʻi, aia ma kahi o 30-40% o nā kānaka e ola nei ma hope o kahi kuʻi ʻana me ka ʻole o kahi antidote (inā ua hōʻeha ʻo ia i nā toxin liʻiliʻi).
A ʻoiaʻiʻo, e like me nā mea ʻē aʻe he nui wale, he mea ʻino kēia e makemake nei e pakele ma mua o ka hoʻokūkū ʻana me nā kānaka.
Kapaipi Pilipino (Naja philippinensis)
Loaʻa iā Cobras kahi papa poʻo kūʻokoʻa (me ka māke) e hāʻawi iā ia i kahi hiʻohiʻona hanohano a hoʻomanaʻo iā mākou oʻAigupita kahiko. ʻOiai ka hapanui o nā cobras, ʻaʻole i nā pōpilikia weliweli loa, ʻo ka cobra o Pilipo he nui ka maʻi ʻona. Ma waho aʻe o ka manaʻo e hiki iā ia ke kuhi i ka mea ʻala, hiki iā ia ke kāʻili iā lākou i kahi mamao a hiki i 3 mika.
Inā ua kui ʻo ia i kahi kanaka, a laila e lawelawe ʻia kahi antidote i loko o 30 mau minuke. A i ʻole, e make ke kanaka.
Snake Kahiki (Hydrophis belcheri)
Noho ʻo kēia ʻano pili kokoke i nā ʻāleʻa o ʻĀrika, New Guinea, Indonesia, ke Komilona o Thailand a me ke kahakai o ka Pilipi (loaʻa nō kekahi mau spimensia mai ke kahakai ʻo Australia a me nā mokupuni ʻo Solomon).
Ua hoʻopau ʻia kēia ʻano a ua lawa ka mea aʻa e pepehi ai i kekahi ma lalo o 30 mau minuke. ʻO ka mea pōmaikaʻi, ʻo ka ʻoki a Belcher he mea hilahila ke nānā aku nei e makemake i ka pale aku i ka poʻe. Eia kekahi, ua noiʻi nā ʻepekema i kēia ʻano a ʻike loa ka hiki i kēia reptile ke kāohi i ka hūnā ʻia o ka ʻona ʻana, a, ʻo ka ʻona, ua hōʻeha wale ʻia ʻo ia mai 1 o 4 mau bites.
Loaʻa i nā meaʻona i kahi kiʻekiʻe o nā neurotoxins a me nā myotoxins. Hoʻokahi ka puʻu e pepehi ai i nā kānaka 1800.
Ma kēia paʻi paʻi ʻana i pau, e ka mea heluhelu. Lana ka makemake, ʻaʻole makehewa kā mākou mau hana, a me ka ʻike a mākou i hōʻiliʻili ai, he mea maikaʻi loa a maikaʻi.
# 3 Taipan McCoy
He ʻona kinona nui ʻo Taipan e noho ana ma Australia. He lālā ʻo ia no ka ʻohana Elapid (nona nā cobras) a ʻike ʻia ʻo ia kekahi o nā ʻīlii make make i ka honua nei i kēia lā. He ʻekolu mau wahi kaulana o Taipan, penei, ʻo "Coastal Taipan", "Inland Taipan" a me "Taipan of the Central Ranges". Loaʻa ka hapa nui o Taipan ma ke kahakai komohana ʻākau o Queensland, a ma ka ʻaoʻao hema hoʻi o Papua. Nūkini Nui. E hānai nui ʻia i nā kiʻī, a me nā mea manu liʻiliʻi ʻē aʻe.
ʻO ka veni Taipan ka nui o nā neurotoxins kiʻekiʻe. Kahi ala kahi mai Taipan e alakaʻi pinepine i ka lolo i ka ʻōnaehana o ka mea ʻai a me ka ʻaʻai koko, e pale ana i ke kahe koko kūpono ma o nā kahe koko. ʻOiai aia kekahi antidote e pili ana i ka meaʻawaʻawa o Taipan, he hapa wale nō i pakele i ka ʻalā ma muli o ka loaʻa. Hoʻokahi wale ke kanaka i kū i kahi nahesa ʻoki.
# 2 Malay Krai
ʻO Blue Krayt a i ʻole Malay Krayt he nahe ʻona mai ka ʻohana Elapid. I ka awelika, ua hiki i ka nahesa ka lōʻihi o kahi mau kapuaʻi he 3 mau wāwae a hoʻopaʻa i ke ʻano o ke aniani o ka pāheʻe palahalaha-ʻeleʻele i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia e nā mānoanoa-ʻula. Loaʻa ka Blue Krayt ma ka ʻĀsia Hema, no Indochina a me Indonesia. E hānai nui ʻia i nā kiʻi, nā nahesa ʻē aʻe (me nā lawoʻa manu ʻē aʻe), nā reptile a me nā rodents liʻiliʻi. Ua hōʻike ʻia nā noiʻi i kēia manawa e makemake ʻo Blue Krayt i nā mahina, nā lua, a me nā hale no kona noho mua ʻana. Makemake ʻia hoʻi ʻo Blue Krayt i nā kumu wai a ua loaʻa pinepine i nā kahawai, nā loko a me nā loko. Ua loaʻa nō hoʻi aia ko Blue Krayt nocturnal nui i loko o kāna mau ʻīlio holoholona.
He hopena ikaika ka pōkole Blue Krayt a paʻa i nā neurotoxins ikaika loa e hoʻopili ai i ka ʻōnaehana o ka mea make. ʻO Neurotoxins ka mea i hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā presynaptic a me nā toxins postynaptic, i ʻike ʻia e hoʻopiʻi pono ʻia e hiki ke kamaʻilio a noʻonoʻo paha kekahi kanaka. Hoʻopilikia ka pōmaikaʻi ʻana ʻo Blue Krayt i ka ʻōnaehana o ke kanaka, e hōʻeha ana i ka pilikia o ka hiki ʻole o ka hanu no nā hola ʻehā. ʻO nā hōʻailona ʻē aʻe o ka pōpoki i kahi kolohe ka mea i hōʻeha ʻia, ʻeha nui o ka ʻōpū / hōʻiliʻili, nā pūpū o ka maka paʻa, a me ka makapō. ʻAʻole e like me nā nahesa ʻē aʻe, e like me ka Chain Viper, ka mea e hana ana i ka 40 a 70 mg o ka makeʻe i kēlā me kēia ʻōpū, ʻo Krayt wale nō e hana i ka 10 mg wale nō. Eia naʻe, ʻo kēia ʻāpana liʻiliʻi he ikaika loa a hāʻawi i nā hopena like e like me nā mea ʻino ʻē aʻe i hōʻike ʻia ma kēia ʻatikala. ʻOiai ʻaʻole pinepine ka poʻe i ka ʻeha mai ka pōpoka o kahi crate (ka mea e hāʻawi iā lākou i ka hōʻoiaʻiʻo ʻole ʻia), hiki ʻole ke make no ka ʻehā mau hola inā ʻaʻole i mālama ʻole ʻia. ʻO ka makeke o ka make ʻana o Blue Crack he weliweli nui a he kanahikukumamāwalu mau haneli.
# 1 Kau Kauahi Belcher
O ka nahesa o ke kai a Belcher, he nahesa makehewa mai ka ʻohana elapid. ʻOiai ʻo kona ʻano hilahila a makaʻu ʻole, ʻo ka Belcher Sea Snake ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo ia ka ʻona ʻawaʻawa nui o ka honua. He liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi ka hona (e like me 3.5 mau lōʻihi o ka lōʻihi), me kahi kino ʻōpio a me kahi waihona melemele me nā kīlika uliuli. He mea i loaʻa pinepine i loko o ka moana Inia, a ma Filipina, the Gul of Thailand, the Solomon Islands and the north west Australia. ʻO ka maʻamau, e hele ana ia ma ka ʻāʻulu o ke kai a hiki i ka hanu iā ia no ʻewalu mau hola ma mua o ka hele ʻana. Hōʻike nā hōʻike i kēia manawa e ʻai mau ana ka ʻōleʻa kai o Belcher i nā iʻa liʻiliʻi a me ka ʻaʻele.
ʻO ka ʻoki a ka lawaiʻa o Belcher ka mea i make a hiki i ka mea ʻōpū ke pepehi i kekahi kanaka ma lalo o ka kanakolu mau minuke. Ua hōʻike pū ʻia nā noiʻi ʻana he 100 mau mea ikaika kona honu ma mua o ka nahe ʻo Taipan. ʻO ka mea pōmaikaʻi, ʻaʻole ke ʻae i ke ʻano palupalu a me ke ʻano o ka nahesa e lele i nā kānaka. Eia kekahi, ua hōʻike nā noiʻi ʻepekema i hiki i ka nahesa ke mālama i ka hūnā ʻana i kona mau pona a hoʻokuʻu i nā mea ʻala wale nō i kahi hapaha o kāna hāmeʻa.
ʻO ka ʻōhumu Snake ka nui o nā neurotoxins kiʻekiʻe a me nā myotoxins. ʻO ka hāʻule ʻana o kāna oona ua ikaika loa no ka luku ʻana i nā kānaka 1800. Nā hōʻailona maʻamau o kā lākou hu: hōʻeha a me ka luaʻi, ke poʻo o ka migraine, ke nānā ʻana, ka ʻeha o ka ʻōpū, hōʻeha a me nā kīwaha. ʻO nā ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻē aʻe e pili ana i ka maʻi puʻukū, hōʻeha o ka naʻau, ka huhū nui, ka hysteria, ka hāʻule ʻana o ka hanu, a me ka pana ʻole ʻana. ʻOiai aia kekahi antidotes e pale i ka snbite make, ʻike koʻikoʻi ka mālama ʻana i ka make.