Zayats-Rusak (lat. Lepus europaeus) - kahi mākaukau o ka ʻano ʻano genes hares kauoha like rabbit-like.

Kāleka

No nā puʻu nui loa: ka lōʻihi o ke kino 57–68 cm, ke kaupaona ʻana o 4-6 kg, hiki ʻole a 7 kg. Loaʻa ka poʻe nunui nui loa i ka ʻākau a ma ka ʻākau o ka palena. Papili ke kino. ʻO waho, kūʻokoʻa ka rosace mai ka keʻokeʻo me ka ʻalihi lōʻihi (9.4-14 cm), kahi huluhulu uluhua lōʻihi (7.2-14 cm lōʻihi) o ka ʻeleʻele a i ʻole ka ʻeleʻele-ʻulaʻula ʻia ma luna. ʻUlaʻulaʻula nā maka. ʻOi aku ka lōʻihi o nā wāwae o ka ʻōpū ma mua o ka keʻokeʻo, akā he pōkole a paʻakikī i mua nā foreleg (lōʻihi ka wāwae 13.6-18.5 cm), ʻoiai ke ola ʻana ka roe ma nā wahi a nā kaʻe o ka hau ma luna. Ua like kēlā ʻano ʻano like ʻole o kēlā me kēia i kekahi ma ke ʻano o ka hoʻoilo i ka hoʻoilo: ke like lākou me nā pōpoki lau i ka ʻula, a me ka elongated, ʻūhū, me ka ʻūhā ʻokoʻa ma kahi o nā kohola.

ʻO ka hoʻokeʻokeʻo kauwela he ocher-hina, ʻulaʻula, ʻulaʻula, nā ocher-ʻulaʻula a i ʻole ʻoniʻoni-ʻulaʻula, ma nā kala like ʻole. ʻO nā kiʻi ʻeleʻele nui i hoʻokumu ʻia e nā kihi o ka lauoho o ka undercoat he mau hiʻohiʻona. Holo ka hope o ka lauoho o ke koena. Pahuʻula ka pena aahu, silky. ʻOi aku ka lihi o nā ʻaoʻao ma mua o ke kua, keʻokeʻo ka ʻōpū, ʻaʻohe ʻokiʻoki. Kokoke i nā maka ke aniani keʻokeʻo. ʻEleʻele ka ʻōlelo o nā pepeiao. ʻOi aku ka liko ma ka hoʻoilo ma mua o ka hoʻoilo ma ke ʻano o ke kauwela (ʻaʻole like me nā pāpale keʻokeʻo, ʻo ka ʻōpala o ka lei ʻole ma ka ʻula-keʻokeʻo i ka hoʻoilo), ke poʻo, nā kī o nā pepeiao a me ke alo o ke kua e kū mau ana i ka hoʻoilo i ka hoʻoilo. ʻAʻohe dimorphism Pelekane i ka waihoʻoluʻu. Aia he 48 chromosomes ma ka karyotype.

ʻO ka kumu o ke ʻano a me ka wehewehe

Whakaahua: Hare Rusak

ʻO ka hare-like sani ka mea he aneane he 65 miliona mau makahiki, no ka mea i kū ai i ka manawa o ka manawa o ka Tertiary. Ua ʻoki ʻo ia mai kahi lālā o nā mamalia. He nui nā mea ʻepekema i manaʻo ʻia mai ka poʻe o nā kūpuna no nā ʻenekino hou. ʻO ka hiona ʻula, me kona mea pili pili loa, ʻo ka ʻili keʻokeʻo, hōʻike ʻia kekahi i nā ʻano mua. Akā ma hope ua hāʻule i loko o ʻelua mau ʻano lāʻau ma lalo o ke ʻano o nā ʻano ola like ʻole.

ʻO ka hare he ʻelele o ka ʻohana Zaitsev (Leporidae), mai ka hua gen Zaitsev. Loaʻa i nā subspecies kekahi mau hiʻohiʻona o waho:

• Rusak Ruso waena (L. e. Hybridus),
• Steppe Rusak (L. e. Tesquorum),
• Rusak Europa (L. e. Europaeus).

ʻO Rusak he mea hoʻohālikelike nui o nā hares. ʻO kona paona ma ka awelika o 4-6 kg, i kekahi manawa ua hōʻea ʻo 7 kg. Ma ka ʻākau a me ke komohana, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā poʻe nui. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kino he 58-68 cm. ʻEhā ke kino o ka ʻele a me ka palaualelo, mai ka ʻaoʻao mai.

ʻOi aku ka pōkole ma mua o nā wāwae hind. Eia kekahi, ʻokoʻa ka helu o nā manamana lima ma luna o lākou: he 4 mau kua ma ke kua, a he 5 ma mua. Ma nā alohilohi o nā paila, loaʻa ka lauoho o ka Rusak. ʻO ka pōkole ke pōkole - mai 7 a 12 cm paha ka lōʻihi, kuhikuhi ʻia i ka hope. Pono ka lōʻihi o ka pepeiao i ka awelika 11-14 cm, nui lākou i ka nui o ke poʻo, a ma ke kumu o ka pepeiao i hoʻokumu i kahi kipa.

Wikiō: Hare Kelny

He ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻulaʻulaʻulaʻula nā maka o nā palaka, ua hohonu lākou a nānā i nā ʻaoʻao, hoʻonui i kona ʻike. Palupalu ka ʻāʻī, akā kūpono, mahalo ʻia e hiki ke hoʻololi ka ʻili i kona poʻo i nā ʻaoʻao like. Loaʻa kēia holoholona i nā niho 28. He ʻano like me ka rodents ka mea ʻona o ka hare.

Hares - noho mālie nā holoholona, ​​maʻamau ʻaʻole i kani leo. Uē wale nō lākou mai ka ʻeha, ke hōʻeha ʻia, a mai ke alo ʻole paha ke kiʻi ʻia lākou. Me ke kōkua o ka nānā ʻana i ka leo, hiki i ka wahine ke kāhea i kāna mau keleti. Hoʻohuli lākou, hana lākou i ke kaomi ʻana me ko lākou mau niho.

Ma waena o lākou iho, e kamaʻilio nā crayons ma ke kāʻī i kā lākou mau wāwae. ʻO kēia mau kani he mea hoʻomanaʻo mau loa i ka hoʻokō pahu. He mau kamaliʻi maikaʻi loa Hares - i kahi laina pololei a hiki iā lākou ke hōʻea i nā wikiwiki a hiki i 60 km / h. Hiki i kēia mau mea akamaiʻole e hoʻokau i nā kuʻekuʻe. A maikaʻi lākou i nā lele a me kaʻauʻau maikaʻi.

Hoʻololi

E like me nā hares āpau, lawe ʻia ka molting i nā rodents i ka pūnāwai a me ka ʻāwili. Hoʻomaka ka lua ʻana o ka wai molting ma ka hapa lua o Malaki a mau nō ʻo 75-80 mau lā, e hoʻopau ana i ka waena o Mei. Hoʻonui koke ia i ka wā o ʻApelila, ke hāʻule ka huluhulu i ka ulu ʻana. ʻO ke kuhikuhi nui o ka molting mai ke poʻo a i ka huelo. I ka hoʻoilo, e hāʻule mau ka lauoho o ke kauwela a e ulu a ulu a ke pua loloa i ko lākou wahi. ʻO ke ala o ka hina molt e hoʻi ana i ka ʻaoʻao o ka pūnāwai - e hoʻomaka me nā kolo, a laila holo i ka ʻūʻī, ke kuʻu, kaʻu a me nā ʻaoʻao. ʻO ka huluhulu loloa lōʻihi ka lōʻihi ma ke kua a kokoke i nā maka. Hoʻomaka ka Shedding ma ka mahina ʻo Kepakemapa, a pau i ka hopena o Nowemapa, ʻoiai hiki ke lohi a hiki i Dekemaba i ka lā mahana.

Kahele

ʻO Rusak kahi holoholona steppe maoli o ʻEulopa, Western a me Asia Minor, a me ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa. ʻO kona noho ʻana i ka ʻĀkau i hoʻomaka ʻole ma mua o ka waena o ka Quaternary. I kēia manawa, ua kahele ʻia i nā ʻulāʻau wāwae, nā wahi ala, nā ʻāpana tundra a me nā wahi haʻalulu o nā wahi nahele ʻo ʻEulopa, ma ke ʻākau a i Irlandia, ʻEkekisika, hema Suekena a me Finland, ma ke kūkulu hema - a hiki i Turkey, Transcaucasia, Iran, ka ʻākau o ka Arabian Peninsula, ʻApelika ʻĀkau, ke komohana ʻĀkana. ʻIke ʻia nā koena o Fossil mai nā waihona i loko o Pleistocene o Azerbaijan a me Crimea.

Ma loko o Rūsia, loaʻa ia ma nā wahi e pili ana o ka ʻāina ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau o Lake Ladoga a me Onega, ka Dvina ʻĀkau, a laila hele ka palena i ka hele ʻana ma Kirov, Perm, e kahe ana i ka mauna Ural, ma Kurgan a hiki i ka māhele Pavlodar o Kazakhstan. E hele ka palena hema ma Transcaucasia, ke kai Caspian, Ustyurt, ka ʻĀpana ʻo Aral Sea ma Karaganda. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ʻo ia ma kekahi mau wahi o ka Hema Siberia Hema (nā wahi puni o Altai, Salair a me Kuznetsk Alatau). Hoʻopili ʻia ma nā panalahi o Altai a me Krasnoyarsk, ma nā wahi ʻo Novosibirsk, Kemerovo, Irkutsk a me Chita. Hoʻonohonoho ʻia ma ka Hikina Holo: hoʻokuʻu ʻia ma ka ʻāina ʻo Khabarovsk i 1963-1964 (Jewish Autonomous Oblast), i ka makahiki 1965 - i ke Teritori Primorsky (ʻO Ussuri lāua ʻo Mikhailovsky). Ma Buryatia, ʻaʻole i kū maikaʻi ka hoʻāʻo ʻana ma ka acclimatization.

Hoʻonohonoho maikaʻi ʻia ma ʻAmelika ʻAmelika. No laila, ua lawe ʻia mai he kanaka palaka i New York State ma 1893 a i 1912 i Ontario (Canada). Loaʻa i kēia manawa ma ka hapa nui o Lakes. Ua lawe ʻia ʻia i loko o Central a me ʻAmelika Huipū ʻia, a ʻāpono ʻia i loko o Nuioka a me nā ʻaoʻao hema o Ausetalia, kahi i lilo ai i mea pest.

Ke noho maʻamau

Noho 'ana i nā wahi ākea, nā' alahele ala, 'alaahi, nā' āina wao nahele. ʻO nā hale noho nui ma ka wahi nahele nā ​​wahi ākea: nā mahina ʻai, nā nahele, nā kihi, ka ulana puni, nā lehelehe, a me nā ahi. Ma ka hohonu o nā conifous conifous he lace, maʻamau i nā kaheʻe deciduous, ʻoiai ʻo ia ke makemake i nā ulu lāʻau ma ʻaneʻi. ʻO nā wahi kahi e loli ai ka ʻāina mahiʻai me nā pā liʻiliʻi, nā mākāhiʻu o nā kumulāʻau a me kahi punawai o nā nāhelehe a me nā gullies ka mea aloha nui ʻia e ka mea kālepa. Ma nā ʻāpana loea a me nā ʻanuʻu ala ala i loaʻa i nā kaola, nā kahawai wai, me nā kaola a me nā hua ʻai. I ke kuahiwi, ua hōʻea ia i ka palena alpine, e noho nei ʻaʻole wale nō i nā ʻāpana kuahiwi, akā i nā wao nahele. ʻO ke kauwela ua piʻi ia ma nā kuahiwi i 1,500-2,000 m, ke hoʻoilo i ka hoʻoilo. Ma nā wahi āpau e hoʻonāukiuki i nā wahi noho (ma ka hoʻoilo) ka hoʻoilo, a me nā wahi hou.

ʻO ka maʻamau, he rodent i noho holoholona hihiu. Mākaukau i ka mea o ka meaʻai o ka nohona, hiki iā ia ke noho ma luna o ka pūnaewele hoʻokahi, e noho ana ma kahi o 30-50 ha. Ma nā wahi ʻē aʻe, hānai nā gnats i kēlā me kēia lā mai nā kahua e noho ai i nā wahi e hele ai, e hele ana i kahi mau haneli mau kilomita. Ke hana ʻia nei nā neʻe ma ka manawa lohi a me ka hoʻoilo, ka neʻe pinepine ʻana o ka pu ma nā wahi i noho ai, nā kahe o nā wao a i nā wahi kiʻekiʻe ma kahi o ke hau. I ke kuahiwi, hāʻule lākou i nā kūpuna i loko o ka wā o ka ʻohi, a i ka puʻu e piʻi hou ai i nā mauna. Ma lalo o nā kūlana kūpono ʻole (ka uhi piha o ka hau, ka ʻona pehu), ka mea i kāpae ʻia i ka loaʻa ʻana o ka meaʻai mai lalo o ka hoʻoilo, ʻike ʻia nā hana nui. Ma nā wahi hema, ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka neʻe ʻana o ka mākeke i ka manawa kauwela-kauwela a pili pū me ka hana ʻoihana kanaka.

ʻO ka mea hana i ke ahiahi a me nā hola ahiahi. Mālama wale nō i ka manawa rutting ka hana o kēlā me kēia lā ma kahi āpau. Loaʻa ka hana nui loa i ka hapa mua o ke pō a i nā hola o ke kakahiaka. No kahi zhirak, kahi kaʻahele ka huakaʻi i nā hola he nui, hele ka holoholona e noho ana i nā wahi ākea ka nui ma mua o ka noho ʻana ma nā kihi lāʻau a me ka ulu lāʻau. I lalo o nā kūlana pōʻino loa, ʻaʻole hiki i nā Rusak ke hele i waho no kekahi lā. ʻO ka hoʻopunipuni i ke kauwela he maʻamau ʻoi wale nō ka laha liʻiliʻi i ʻeli ʻia ma lalo o ka uhi o ka lāʻau, kahi lāʻau i hāʻule a i ʻole nā ​​pale o ka mauʻu nui. Kū pinepine ʻo ia i lalo o ka ulu lāʻau a i ʻole ka palena palena. ʻAʻole momona kahi uila maʻamau, ke ʻeli mau nei i ka wā pōkole i ke ao me ka wela nui. Hiki iā ia ke hoʻomaha i nā lua o nā mea hana hewa, nā ʻalopeke a me nā marmots. Ke kau nei nā wahi o nā pale Rusak i ka manawa o ka makahiki a me nā kūlana o ke anā. I ka pūnāwai, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā wahi moe i nā wahi mahana; i ka manawa ua, ka mālama ka rook ma nā puʻu maloʻo, a ma ka maloʻo hoʻi, ma kahi pāpū. I ka hoʻoilo, ua hoʻonohonoho ʻia ma luna o ka hau ma kahi i pani ʻia i ka makani, ma nā wahi me ka hau hohonu, kohu mau ke kahu i nā lua a hiki i ka 2 m lōʻihi. ʻO ka wā e moe pinepine ai ke kīlei i ka ngahulu a me ka hoʻoilo i nā hale noho, kokoke i nā hale ma waho o nā wahi i noho ai.

ʻOi aku ka wikiwiki o ka ʻōhua ma mua o ke keʻokeʻo, ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o kāna mau peke. I kahi pōkole pōkole, hiki iā ia ke hoʻomohala i kahi holo holo o ka 50-60 km / h i kahi laina kūpono. Hoʻonāukiuki i nā wāwae wāwae. Ua ʻike ʻo ia e ʻau hele maikaʻi. E like me nā hares a pau, ʻoi aku ka maluhia o nā holoholona kahi wale nō i ka hopu ʻia a i ʻole hōʻeha ʻia, kā lākou hāwau nui. Ke kāhea nei ka wahine i ka lapalapa, e hana ana i nā kani kūwaho. Hoʻāwā i kahi hōʻāwīwī kūwī i kona mau niho, e like me ka nui o nā rodents. ʻO kekahi ʻano ʻē aʻe o ke kamaʻilio pūpili me nā wāwae, like a me ka kakaki ʻana i ka pahu.

Mea ʻai

I ke kauwela, ʻai nā kahele i nā mea kanu, ʻōpio ʻōpio o nā kumulāʻau a me nā mea kanu. I ka hapanui o kaʻai ʻana i nā lau a me nā kumu, akā hiki nō ke ʻoki i nā aʻa, ʻona i nā hua i ka hapa ʻelua o ke kauwela (e hāʻawi i kā lākou puʻupuʻu, ʻoiai ʻaʻole nā ​​pua a pau nā pua ʻia). He ʻano ʻokoʻa ka ʻano o nā mea hānai o ka meaʻai kauwela - nā ʻano kanu like ʻole (dandelion, chicory, tansy, bird highlander, colza, clover, alfalfa) a me nā mea kanu (sunflower, buckwheat, cereals) nā mea kanu. ʻAi ʻai ʻoluʻolu a me ka gourds.

I ka hoʻoilo, ʻaʻole like me ka ʻīlio keʻokeʻo, hoʻomau ʻo ia i ka hānai i nā hua a me nā ʻala o ka mauʻu, nā ʻai ʻana i ka hoʻoilo, nā koena o nā hua ʻai, e ʻalo ana iā lākou mai lalo o ka hoʻoilo. Me ka uhi o ka hoʻoilo hohonu, e hoʻololi i ka hānai ʻana i ka lāʻau a me ka mea kanu lāʻau (ʻōpala, ʻili). ʻAle nui ʻo ia me ka maple, ʻoak, hazel, broom, a me ka apple a me ka pī, aspen a me willow, kahi mea aloha aloha, e ʻai pinepine ʻia. Kūleʻa ka hoʻoilo o ka hoʻoilo hoʻoilo ke kipa aku i nā ʻāpana hina, ka mea hiki ʻole ke uhai i ka hau.

Nā hiʻohiʻona a me ka noho maʻamau o ka hare

Kūpono ʻia kēia mamalia o ka huaʻa hare, ʻo ka mea mua loa, no kona ʻokoʻa nui: ʻo ka lōʻihi o ke kino ma mua o ka hapalua mika, i kekahi manawa ke kipa aku he 70 cm, a me ke paona: he mau kukuna mai 4 a 5 kg, a kani a i 7 kg.

Hare e pālahalaha ana i nā ʻāina ma nā ʻāina āpau, a ma muli o kāna helu nui, i aʻo ʻia e nā ʻepekema a me nā kūlohelohe, a ʻo kona ʻano a me kona mau ʻano i ʻike maikaʻi i nā mea aloha āpau. Hōʻike ʻia o ka hiʻona brown ʻano pololei, a he mea paʻakikī ʻole ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā hoahānau - nā mākeke o nā kauoha hemo-like.

Loaʻa i nā maka o ke holoholona kahi pale uliuli ʻulaʻula. Ua palupalu ke kino o ka holoholona, ​​a ʻike pinepine aku i nā pepeiao, nā umauma a me ka huelo (ʻeleʻele ma luna a me nā ʻano like ʻole) kahi ʻokoʻa o kahi Rusak mai keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo.

Kūpono ka kala o ka holoholona i ka ʻokoʻa ʻana, no ka mea ua ʻolohū nā holoholona a hoʻololi i ko lākou kala i ʻelua mau makahiki i ka makahiki. E like me kāu e ʻike ai ma luna kiʻi o ka hareI ke kauwela, hoʻokaʻawale ʻia kona kapa ʻulaʻula a me kona ʻulaʻula ʻia e nā ʻulaʻula, brown-olive, ocher-hina a ʻulaʻula.

A hoʻoilo hoʻoilo whitens maoli. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole ia he keʻokeʻo-keʻokeʻo, ka mea i ʻike nui ʻia i nā wahi uliuli o ka hulu o ka ʻaoʻao o ka hope, a me ka kinohi o ka hulu ma ka pepeiao a me ka poʻo o ka ʻula.

ʻO kēia kikoʻī o ka helehelena ʻo ia kekahi o nā hōʻailona nui e hiki ai ke hoʻokaʻawale ka ʻiliʻulaʻula i kahi hālāwai, no ka laʻana, he ʻoni keʻokeʻo ia, aia i ka hoʻoilo he keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo piha keʻokeʻo, me ka ʻokoʻa ʻole o nā ʻōlelo o nā pepeiao i ʻeleʻele i ka hau hau lilo i ʻike ʻole ʻia i waenakonu o kahi ʻāina hoʻoilo.

ʻO ka kiʻi paʻi he hare i ka hoʻoilo

Aia nā ʻalemele brown, ma ʻEulopa a me ʻAsia, a ma Australia a me ʻAmelika Hema. Ua lanakila lākou i ka acclimatization a ua loaʻa iā lākou nā kumu ma ʻAmelika ʻAmelika Hema a ma Aotearoa nei, kahi i hoʻopuka kūikawā ʻia ai lākou no ka hānau.

Ma Lūkia, he mea maʻamau ka holoholona i nā ʻāpana āpau o ʻEulopa, a hiki i nā mauna Ural, a loaʻa pū kekahi i ka ʻāina o ʻAsia: mai Siberia a hiki i ka ʻaoʻao Far East. Noho lākou ma nā ululaau anuʻu a me nā alahele, e noho ana i nā wahi mauna a me nā wahi ākea.

ʻOiai ʻo ka hapa nui o nā mea āpau āu e makemake ai i nā kikowaena ākea, ʻo ia kahi ʻano kahi hōʻailona o ka hare. ^ E Ha yM. Akā ʻo ka mea nui, aloha kēia mau holoholona i ka ʻāina o ka mahiʻai me nā waiho ʻana o nā hua ʻai.

ʻActerlelo a me ke ʻano o ke ʻano hare hare

ʻO ke kūlike i ka nohona i koho mua ʻia he ʻano hiʻohiʻona o brown hare, a ī ka wehewehe Hoʻomaka ka ola ʻana o kēia mau holoholona me ka ʻōlelo ʻana ʻaʻole like kēia mau holoholona i ka hele a me nā huakaʻi lōʻihi.

Noho no nā wahi liʻiliʻi (ʻaʻole iʻoi aku ma mua o 50 hectekes), noho lākou ma luna o lākou. ʻAʻohe wale wale nō i ka poʻe e noho ana i nā kuahiwi ke iho i lalo i ko lākou mau wāwae i ka hoʻoilo, a ke wā e hoʻoheʻe ka hau, ala hou lākou.

Hiki iā lākou ke hoʻoneʻe i ko lākou wahi e noho ai me ka hoʻololi maoli ʻana i nā kūlana paʻa, nā pōpilikia kaiapuni a me nā kūlana ʻē aʻe. Makemake nui nā holoholona i ka pō ke ao.

A i ke ao, e hūnā nā holoholona i kā lākou lepo, i mākaukau maʻamau e kokoke i nā lāʻau lāʻau a me nā lāʻau. I kekahi manawa e noho nā holoholona i nā wahi i haʻalele ʻia ai nā holoholona ʻē aʻe: nā māmole, nā ʻalā kino a me nā alopeke.

E like me nā ʻelele āpau o ka huaele hare, kue i ka molt mai ke poʻo a hiki i nā wāwae ʻelua o ka makahiki. ʻO ka puna wai a me ka hopena lūlū, e mau ana mai ka 75 a 80 lā, e loli mau ʻano hare, kahi a nā mea e hoʻopili ai i nā holoholona i hui pū ʻia me ke ʻano a puni ka mea, e hilinaʻi ana i nā papa ʻāina o nā ʻano like ʻole, a ʻike ʻole ʻia i kā lākou mau ʻenemi, kahi e hala wale ana nā wāwae he nui i ka hares.

ʻO ke hiki ke holo wikiwiki, ʻo ia kekahi pono o kēia mau holoholona. A me ka nui liuliu o ka hare, kahi e hiki ai iā ia ke hoʻomōhala i nā kūlana koʻikoʻi ma ka lepo maikaʻi a paʻa i ka 70-80 km / h. I ka ʻohana hares - he ʻano ʻano keia o ka hoʻopaʻa.

I ka wikiwiki o nā wāwae, ua ʻoi aku ka koʻokoʻo o ka rodent i mua o kona kaikuaʻana - ʻo ka hare, ʻoi aku ka wikiwiki o ka holo ʻana a ʻoi aku ka nui o ka lele. Eia nō naʻe, liʻiliʻi iki nā grubs i nā kūlana hoʻoku o ka wā, a ua hōʻemi pinepine ʻia kā lākou kumukūʻai i ka mahele nui o ka maʻi.

Hareelike a hare, ua lōʻihi ka lōʻihi o kāna huakaʻi nui i ka hopu a me nā hana haʻuki. Nui ka poʻe i kēia mau holoholona i pepehi ʻia i kēlā me kēia makahiki no kā lākou ʻai ʻono a me nā paina mahana.

ʻAno hānau

ʻO ka lōʻihi ka manawa a me ka manawa o ka wā e hoʻohālikelike ai i ka māka ke ʻano like me kahi ʻāpana o ka pā. No laila, ma ʻEulopa ʻEulopa, maʻamau mau loa mai Malaki a Kepakemapa, i ka manawa o ka manawa o ka 75% o nā wahine hoʻokele e lawe mai i 4 mau pipi, a i nā makahiki me nā haʻalulu mahana a me ka puna wai mua - 5 kēlā me kēia, i nā kūlana hopena maikaʻi, holo mau ka heihei i kēlā me kēia makahiki, a nā huaʻani mua i ʻike ʻia ma Ianuali. Ma ka ʻākau o ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana o nā polu 1-2.Ma waena o Rūsia, hana ʻia ka heihei mua i ka hopena o Pepeluali - Malaki (ua hoʻoikaika ʻia nā kāne mai ka mahina o Ianuali), ka lua - i ʻApelila - mua o Mei, ʻo ka kolu - ma Iune. Noho ʻo Pregnancy i nā lā 45-48, no laila puka mai nā ʻani mua o ʻApelila - mua o Mei, ʻo ka lua o ka bro - i ka hopena o Mei - Iune (ke kiʻekiʻe piula), ʻo ke kolu - i ka lā o ʻAukake. E hana hou i ka hare mate ma hope o ka hānau ʻana, a i kekahi manawa i mua o lākou. Ma ka laulā, ʻaʻole i like ka maikaʻi o ka lālani o ke kahe i ka mea o ka hiʻona, no laila hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā wahine hāpai a me ka hares ma mua a ma mua aʻe o nā ʻano maʻamau.

ʻO ka nui o nā pīpī i loko o kahi kiaʻi mai 1 a 9. Nui nā ʻano i pili i ka nui o kahi brood. Ma ka laulā, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā broods ma nā wahi i loaʻa nā hares i ka liʻiliʻi o ka nui o nā pua. ʻO ka hoʻoilo, ka liʻiliʻi o ka pūnāwai a me ka wā lohi ma mua o nā keke o ke kauwela - aia ka nui o ka 1-2 mau hares i loko o lākou. ʻO ka hapanui o nā ʻoliva lawe i nā wahine waena. Ma mua o ka hānau ʻana, hoʻomāneʻe nā ʻōpio i nā nīnamu mua. Hānau ʻia nā kelepona a uhi ʻia me ka hulu, ʻo ke kaupaona ʻana he 80-150 g. Hele mai ka wahine e hānai i ka hua i hoʻokahi manawa i ka lā, a i kekahi manawa ke emi iki - a hiki i ka 1 manawa i 4 lā. Mai ka lā 5 o ke ola, e hoʻomaka ka ʻakaʻaka e neʻe kokoke i kahi o ka wahi e hānau ai, ma ka 2 wiki ua kau lākou i kahi paona o 300-400 g a ke ulu nei nā mea kanu, a ma ka 3-4 mau wiki e lilo ai lākou i kū kūʻokoʻa. Aia nā ʻike i nā mea hānai ʻalike o nā malihini i nā kelipi, ʻoi aku ka like o ko lākou mau makahiki me he mea lā, akā ʻokoʻa kēia ma mua o ka hare keʻokeʻo. Ma ka manawa o ka puna i hiki mai ai ke kīkī i loko o ka puna e hiki mai ana, me ka liʻiliʻi loa, ma nā ʻaoʻao komohana o ka pae, hoʻomaka nā wahine i ka wā ulu i ke kauwela hoʻokahi. ʻIke ʻia nā Hybrids o nā pākauani me nā mea nāna - cuffs. Ua loaʻa iā lāua ma ke ʻano a loaʻa a i ka wā e mālama ana i ka hua pīpī i loko o ka zoo. Ke mālama ʻia i ka pio, hiki i nā cuffs ke pua.

ʻO ke ola olaila o ka mākaʻi he 6-7 mau makahiki (ma nā hihia ʻē aʻe, ola lākou i 10-12 mau makahiki) naʻe naʻe, ʻo ka hapa nui o nā holoholona e ola ana ma mua o 4-5 mau makahiki.

Ka helu a me ka koʻikoʻi no ke kāne

Ma keʻano holoʻokoʻa ka maʻamau o ka hare, ʻo ia ka helu i kekahi mau makahiki a hiki i ka miliona miliona o nā kānaka. Ka nui ka nui o nā loli i loko o nā makahiki ma muli o nā ʻano like ʻole: epizootics, starfishes, etc., ʻaʻole naʻe lākou i pihi ʻia e like me ka papa ʻōpala. Ma ka hema o ka lehele, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā fluctuation a me ka maikaʻiʻole.

ʻO Rusak kahi holoholona holoholona waiwai nui, kahi mea pale a me ka huki manu. Hoʻokuʻu ʻia i kēlā me kēia makahiki i nā nui nui no ka ʻiʻo a me nā ʻili. Hoʻohana nui ʻia ka pale ma ke ʻano he waiwai waiwai no ka manaʻo o ka mea kiʻekiʻe, ʻaʻole i liʻiliʻi no kekahi mauʻano o nā huahana hulu.

Hiki iā ia ke hōʻino i nā mea kanu i ka hoʻoilo, nā ʻohi a me nā mea hānai: i ka pō hoʻokahi, hiki i kahi hare ke kipi i nā hua lāʻau 10-15. Ma Argentina, Australia, a, ma kahi liʻiliʻi, i ʻAmelika ʻAmelika, ua hoʻopuka nā russians he mau pōpoki mahiʻai. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia nā maʻi manuahi i nā maʻi nui. ʻOiai lākou, ʻaʻole e like me ka uapo, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā maʻi o ka maʻi pulmonary-helminthic a hiki ke hele mai i nā maʻi hepatic, ua pālahalaha ʻia ka coccidiosis i waena o lākou, ʻo ia hoʻi i waena o nā holoholona ʻōpio. Mīkini make mai ka maʻi mai ma waena o nā makahiki he 5 mau hebedoma a me 5 mau mahina. ʻO Epizootics o ka pasteurellosis, tularemia, brucellosis puaʻa a me nā maʻi ʻē aʻe e ʻike ʻia, a he mea lawe i ka toxoplasmosis. ʻOi aku ka maʻalahi o ka wahine ma mua o ka keʻokeʻo e hōʻeha i nā kūlana ʻino. ʻOi loa ka momona no lākou, he hau hoʻohemo, nā wīahi kaila i hiki ʻole i ka mea keʻaleʻa e hānai i nā wai maʻamau, a me nā pūnāwai ʻole me nā hēwē a me nā haki i ka wā e make ai nā ʻōpala mua. Hoʻokani ʻia kekahi hana i nā loli i nā helu e nā poʻe ʻāpana. Kamaka, nā ʻīlio, nā lino, ka aila a me nā mea e ʻoki ana ma luna o ka crayfish.

Kāleka

ʻO nā makana o kēia ʻano he kapa kapa ʻulaʻula nani. ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona o ka hare ke kala. Hoʻohui pū kekahi me kahi ʻano like ʻole o nā ʻano lehelehe, melemele-hina, nā kala ʻulaʻula ʻia me kahi ripple e nānā ʻia, kaulana loa ia ma hope. ʻO ka huluhulu ma kēia wahi ke kahula a a like hoʻi me kahi merlushka maikaʻi (ʻo ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo ka hulu hipa). E ʻoluʻolu ʻoe ma ka māhele hema a me ke komohana o ka Soviet Union, e noho ana ka hare-hares e noho ana i ka ʻāina i ka makahiki. Ma nā ʻāpana o ke komohana a me ka hikina, e keʻokeʻo wale nō ia i kahi keʻokeʻo, ʻoi loa mai nā ʻaoʻao. Ma ka palena ma ka ʻākau i ka hoʻoilo, ua lilo ke keʻokeʻo, ʻeleʻele wale kahi pihi ma ka hope. ʻO nā ʻāpana a me ke rim o ka pepeiao, a ʻo ka luna o ka huelo e waiho mau i ka uliuli.

Lohe a me ka ʻono

Hoʻohui maikaʻi ʻia ka holoholona no ka noho ʻana i nā wahi ākea. Wahi a ka wehewehe, he maka kūpono ka hare-hare a hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale i ka pōʻino ma kahi mamao o 300-400 m.ʻO ka huaʻōlelo ʻo ka hare “ʻike makai ʻia” ua kuhi hewa loa, ʻo ia paha ke kumu o ka hoʻomaʻapeʻa a maikaʻi ʻole ka holoholona. Malia paha no kēia kumu, hiki i ka rookie ke pani i ka mea maʻi. ʻO kāna ʻano o ka ʻono a me ka hoʻolohe ʻana ʻaʻole ia e liʻiliʻi i hoʻomohala ʻia, e kōkua iā ia e holo pololei i ke kaiapuni. Nui nā hiʻohiʻona inā hōʻike ka holoholona i ka hoʻomanawanui, ka loaʻa ʻana o ka waiwai, maalea. ʻO ka noho ʻana o ka mea noho pinepine i kahi kokoke i nā kānaka. Ma muli o ka nui o ka hare e ʻōlelo nei i kona ʻano wikiwiki, no ka mea, he pilikia ka mea e ʻimi ʻo ia i ke ola i nā wahi noho a mālama ʻia paha i loko o kahi holoholona.

Habitat hare habitat

ʻO kēia ʻano o ka hare ua noho nui ka noho ʻana o ka ʻāpana ʻEulopa o ko mākou ʻāina - mai Arkhangelsk a i ke kahakai ʻo ka Caspian, mai nā palena komohana a hiki i Trans-Urals. Ke hoʻonui mau nei kona wahi noho, no ka laʻana, no kēia mau makahiki 50-60 i hala aku nei, ua neʻe ka palena i ka hikina no kahi o 1000 km. Hoʻokuʻu ʻo Rusakov i kahi i noho ai lākou ma mua, ʻo ia nā wahi o Western Siberia a me kahi mamao. Hoʻomaopopo i ka hoʻāʻo ʻana o ka poʻe ʻepekema e hoʻomaʻamaʻa i nā holoholona ma ka ʻāina o Buryatia i pau i ka hana ʻole. ʻO Mermaids ke kūpaʻa i kahi kahi i koho ʻia i hoʻokahi manawa. Ma waho o kēlā mau kānaka e noho i ke kuahiwi. I ka hoʻoilo, iho lākou i ka wāwae, a ma hope o ka hoʻoilo ʻana o ka hau, piʻi hou lākou i ka mauna. Mālama kēlā me kēia holoholona i kahi eka he 50 heketeleka. ʻO Rusak kahi hānai kahiʻu, no laila, ʻoi aku ke koho i nā wahi ākea no ka noho ʻana, hiki ke loaʻa ma ka ʻaoʻao o nā mahina i kanu ʻia me nā huaʻai like ʻole, nā mākaʻi, nā ʻupā, nā māla, nā ʻōpala, ma nā wao nahele, i ka ulu lāʻau.

Hoʻoikaika

ʻOiai ke ākea nui, hiki i ka hare ke holo i nā wikiwiki kiʻekiʻe loa - a hiki i 60 km / h. Eia nō naʻe, ke hoʻomaopopo nei ua hiki iā ia ke neʻe i kēlā me kēia ākea i kahi manawa pōkole loa. I ka wā holo, hoʻokō ka rookie i ka lele lōʻihi a hoʻololi koke i ke kuhikuhi. Maikaʻi ʻo ia i ka hānai ʻana i nā ʻāpana, holo i nā kahe nui, lele ʻana i ka ʻāpana, a laila hoʻopunipuni ka poʻe hahai. Mahalo i kēia ʻano o ka neʻe ʻana, ua mālama ka holoholona i pakele mai nā poʻe wali e alualu nei.

Ua makemake nui ka poʻe nui i ka nīnau no ka hiki keʻau manuahi. ʻOiai pīhoihoi, ʻoiai ʻaʻole makemake kēia mau holoholona i ka wai a maʻamau e noho maʻamau iā ia, akā he lawaiʻa maikaʻi. He holoholona pau ʻole ka hare, a hiki i ka wā makā, hele wale ia i kahi leo. ʻO ka hihia wale nō, kāhea nui ka rodent, a ʻoi ke kani a like me ke kani ʻana o kahi pēpē.

Rusaki i nā ʻāina ʻē

Ke ʻano nui nei nā ʻano puaʻa ma kēia mau ʻāina: ʻAmelika ʻAmelika, Kanada, ʻAmelika Hema, New Zealand, Australia a me Oceania. Ke ulu mau nei ko lākou heluna. I kēia manawa, loaʻa ka hare i ke holoholona holoholona kālepa. He hana ia i ka haʻuki a me ka hiʻohiʻi aloha. I kekahi mau'āina, ua hoʻopau ʻia ka hares e like me nā pōpilikia - no ka mea ua hōʻeha lākou i ka mahiʻai i ka mahiʻai: hōʻino lākou i nā hua ʻai hoʻoilo, nā lāʻau kanu (hiki iā lākou ke oʻo i 15 kanu kanu i hoʻokahi pō).

ʻO ka hare kekahi o kēlā mau holoholona e lawe i ka brucellosis, tularemia, coccidiosis, pastelreza.

Makee

I ko mākou ʻāina, he mea kaulana loa ka hopu ʻana no ka hares. ʻO kahi mea ia i ka lawaiʻa hāuki, a me ke kālepa wili. ʻO ka minamina ka hānai no ka meaʻai, ke ʻiʻo a me ka ʻono maikaʻi. Hoʻomaka ka hana hānai ma ka mahina ʻo ʻOkakopa a hiki i ka hoʻoilo ma mua a pau ka hoʻoilo. I ke kūlohelohe, ma kahi o nā mea lawaiʻa, aia he mau ʻenemi he nui ʻē aʻe. He ʻaumoe ka manu a ka manu hololio, nā ʻīlio, nā coyotes, nā lynxes, nā ʻalopeke e huli ai. ʻO nā pesies naʻe e hoʻouka liʻiliʻi i nā mea liʻiliʻi. Hiki ke mālama ʻia ka lehulehu o ka nui o ka papa hl no ka mea ua koʻikoʻi lākou.

Hares

He mau holoholona liʻiliʻi ʻo Hares nā pua Hare. Ua ʻike ʻia kēia mau holoholona i kēlā me kēia kanaka mai kona wā ʻilihune a palupalu nā holoholona, ​​ʻoiai naʻe, kēia mau wehewehe ʻana, ua loaʻa i nā holoholona me ke aloha ʻole. ʻO ka mea ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole palupalu nā hares a ʻaʻole pale ʻole ʻole e like me ka poʻe e manaʻo nei. Ua manaʻo ʻia ua ikaika ka hares a i ka hana a hoʻoweliweli maoli, hiki iā lākou ke pale iā lākou iho.

Ka noho ʻana a me ke ʻano

ʻAʻole nele nā ​​mākaukau o kēia mau holoholona ʻāina. ʻAʻole lākou ka poʻe ʻauʻau a ʻaʻole hiki ke piʻi i nā lāʻau a me nā pōhaku paha. ʻOi aku ka makemake e ola, ma muli o nā ʻano, he mau kolana i hana ʻia, a hiki ke alakaʻi i kahi ʻano kūʻokoʻa. Ke hoʻomau nei lākou i ka holo ʻana o ka makahiki, no laila i ka hoʻoilo ʻaʻole lākou i hāʻule i loko o ka hānau ʻana.

Basically, alakaʻi lākou i ke ola nocturnal, hoʻomaha i ke ahiahi i ka mauʻu mauʻu, ma ka mauʻu o nā mea kanu a i ʻole nā ​​indentations i ka lepo. I ka hoʻoilo, hiki iā lākou ke moe ma kahi lua hāmama ma lalo o kahi uhi o ka hau hau. Neʻe lākou me ke kōkua o nā lele nui, aʻo ka holo ʻana o nā wikiwiki e ʻoi aku ma mua o 60 km / h.

Ke manaʻoʻiʻo nei ʻaʻole i koʻokoʻo ka ʻike o ka hares, akā maikaʻi loa ko lākou hoʻolohe a me ka ʻike o ka ʻala. ʻOkoʻa nā Hares i ka nui o ka mālama ʻana a hoʻohana i nā ʻōnaehana hoʻoweliweli, ke noho malu ʻana a hiki i ka manawa hope loa. Ma ke ʻano he lula, lele koke ka hiona mai ka papahele aku, ma muli o kahi hopena e hoʻoiho ʻia ai ka pīhoihoi, ʻoiai he mea ʻole ka manawa a ka poʻe lawaiʻa a i ʻole mea e haki ana i kahi manawa kūpono i ka wā kūpono. ʻO ka hopena, holo ka puaʻa, ke ola nei.

ʻO kahiʻoiaʻiʻo nani loa! ʻO ka lele, lele i kaʻe ʻana o nā mea e hahai ana iā ia, no ka mea hilahila. He makani ʻo ia, e lele koke i nā ʻaoʻao, a hiki iā ia ke holo i hope i kāna mau mele ponoʻī.

Manaʻo paha ka poʻe i ka ʻalā manuahi maoli no ka mea hū maoli i kēia mau holoholona mai lalo o nā wāwae o kahi kanaka i hala a he mau mākaʻi e holo mai ana. ʻO ka mea maoli, ʻaʻole ia he kaupalupua, akā ʻo ka manawa kūpono e hoʻopakele i kekahi ola a i ʻole, i nā ʻōlelo ʻē aʻe, e ola i kēlā mau kūlana kūlohelohe.

Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole ka holoholona i nā mea make manu nui loa, e like me ka manaʻo o kekahi poʻe, a he hiki ke kū pū no ia. Inā hoʻomaka ka ʻānō e hoʻomaopopo ʻaʻole e haʻalele iā ia, a laila, kau ʻo ia ma kona kua a hoʻomaka i ka pepehi ʻana i kāna mea hahai me kāna mau wāwae hānai, ua ulu nui ʻo ia a a ʻuhane. Maikaʻi loa nā ʻōkole a hiki i ka mea alualu ke hele i loaʻa i nā hōʻeha hōʻeha. ʻIke kekahi mea hahai holoholona e hānai ana i kahi hānai ola e nā pepeiao, no ka mea he pōʻino loa ia, no ka mea hiki koke iā ia ke loaʻa i nā kī he nui me kona mau wāwae huki, a ikaika loa.

Pehea ka lōʻihi o ke ola hare?

Ke manaʻoʻiʻo nei aia i ka kaona kūlohelohe, hiki i ka ʻili ma ka awelika ke hiki ke ola ma mua o 8 mau makahiki. Eia nō kekahi, ʻaʻole i hiki i nā holoholona ke komo aku i kēlā mau ʻōlelo, no ka mea e make mua lākou, inā ʻaʻole mai ka hana ʻana o nā mea e hopu ai, a mai nā mea hopu. E like me ke kānāwai, make ka nui o nā keleti, ʻo ia ka mea e pale ʻole ʻole ai i nā mea he nui, ʻo ia nā holoholona hihiu liʻiliʻi. Inā ʻoe e mālama i nā pīpī i ka pio, a laila hiki iā lākou ke ola ma mua o 10 mau makahiki.

Nā kuʻuna o nā hares

Ua kuhikuhi aku nā poʻe loea ma ka honua aia ma kahi o 3 mau mau minima o ka leʻaleʻa heʻokoʻa i ka nui, ka ʻano kino a me ke ʻano, a me ke ʻano o ke ola ʻana. I ke ʻano o ka mea:

• Antelope Hare.
• ʻAmelika ʻAmelika.
• Hare Alaskan.
• Hare ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele.
• Hare ke keʻokeʻo.
• E hoʻokaʻawale ʻo Kansky.
• Hareʻulaʻula.
• ʻEleʻele ka ʻili.
• ʻO ka honu Shrub.
• Hōʻea Kapena Hare.
• ʻAʻano Tolai.
• ʻAihue ʻae.
• Yunnan hare.
• ʻAʻano Korea.
• Nāwahī Hare.
• Hare brown.
• ʻBerlaʻi ʻo Iberian.
• Manchu Hare.
• Hare waiula.
• Kūlana Hare.
• Hare ke keʻokeʻo.
• ʻAeʻEpani hare.
• Hainan Hare.
• Hareʻeleʻele.
• Hare Burma.
• Huaʻa Kina.
• ʻO Yarkand hare.
• Hare Kepani.
• Nā maʻi haole ʻo Abyssinian.

ʻO kekahi manawa hoihoi. Aia kēia papa inoa me ka Don hare, i noho ma ka nui o ʻEulopa ʻEulopa a me ʻAmelika ʻĀpika i ka wā o Pleistocene, akā ʻo kēia lā ua manaʻo ʻia he ʻano meaʻokoʻa wale nō. He ʻano kūlike nui o kēia ʻano hanana, me kahi pūnaehana huhū kiʻekiʻe. Wahi a nā kānaka ʻepekema, ʻo ka hare o kēia ka mea i manaʻo ʻia ʻo ka pili kokoke loa o ka Don hare.

He aha nā mea lapuwale e ʻai?

Hoʻokumu ʻia ka meaʻai o nā holoholona ma nā meaʻai mea kanu i ke ʻano o ka ʻili, nā ʻōpio ʻōpiopio, nāʻu, nā hua, nā lau a me nā hua. Hares ke noho ana i nā lewa lehulehu e makemake i ka ʻū, nā dandelions, ke olohe, ka yarrow a me nā alfalfa. I ke kauwela, loaʻa mau ka ʻai maʻamau no lākou, no ka mea hiki iā lākou ke hoʻāʻo maʻalahi i nā ʻono a me nā hua o nā blueberries, nā huaʻai, a me ka hua o hua aʻa a me nā lāʻau pol.

He mea nui ia e ʻike! Hōʻike pinepine nā Hares ma nā mahina mahiʻai, i loko o nā māla a me nā māla kīhini. ʻO ka hoʻoilo, hoʻoilo ʻia lākou i ka kanu ʻana i ka moʻomeheu i ka lawe ʻana i ka ʻili. Inā mālama ka ʻōpala, nā kaloti a me nā holoholona lāʻau ʻē aʻe, a laila ʻohi ʻoi loa ka hares ".

Me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke anuanu, pono ke hoʻololi i ka harure i ka ʻai, no laila hoʻomaka lākou e ʻai i ka lāʻau lāʻau, me ka pua ʻupena. I nā kau o ka hoʻoilo kino, loaʻa i ka hares nā ʻano aʻa a me nā lau maloʻi mai lalo o ka hoʻoilo.

Nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe

Me kahi o ke kūlana e ola nei, he nui nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe nui. ʻO nā ʻenemi nui nā ʻalopeke a me nā ʻīlio hihiu, aʻo ka hares e noho ana i ke anuanu helehelena i loaʻa ke kahi i ka manu, nā lynxes, etc., me nā manu manuʻa e like me ka ʻaeto, a me ka ʻawī. Hares noho i loko o nā wahi hau mahana a hoʻopiʻi ʻia e nā hyenas, jackals, etc. No nā ʻae e noho nei ma nā wahi e noho ai i nā wahi noho, nā ʻīlio, ka ʻīlio ʻana me nā ʻīlio home ʻole, a me nā holoholona hoʻi, he ʻōʻino wale ʻia.

ʻAe, a ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻo ke ʻenemi nui ka kāne, i ke ʻano o nā mea hānai manu e hopu nei i nā hares, no ka mea, ua loaʻa ko lākou iʻa momona a me nā hulu momona.

Ke ʻano o ka noho ʻana a me nā ʻano

ʻO ka hapa nui o nā ʻae he maikaʻi maikaʻi i ka hihiu. Eia kekahi, aia kekahi mau mea e hoʻouka ai i ka poʻe loea. Aia kēia mau ʻano:

• ʻO ke alo o ke keʻokeʻo, ʻeleʻele-ʻulaʻula a me Yarkendsky i ke kūlana "kokoke i ka nāwaliwali."
• ʻO Broomwort, Corsican a me Hainan i manaʻo ʻia he “mea ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi”.
• Aia ka hare melemele i ka "mau mea makaʻu ʻole."
• He kūlana ʻē ko ka Ethiopian hare i ka "kī ʻole o ka ʻikepili."

ʻO ke kumu no ka nāwaliwali o nā ʻano like ʻole e pili me nā helu anthropogenic, ʻoiai ke ʻano o kēia mau ʻano i manaʻo ʻia he endemic a noho i loko o nā wahi palena ʻole a ʻaʻole i ʻike ʻia ma nā wahi ʻē aʻe. E alakaʻi ana ka honu ʻōpio i kahi ola pilikino, ʻoi aku hoʻi i nā mauna paʻakikī, no laila he liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi ka ʻike e pili ana i kona nui.

ʻO ka waiwai lawaiʻa

ʻO Hares, ʻoiai he liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi, he mau holoholona nui o nā holoholona. ʻO kēia mau holoholona i waiwai momona, meaʻai a me ka momona, a ʻo ka hulu manu hoʻi e hoʻohana ʻia, no ka lole ʻana i nā lole hoʻoilo hoʻoilo.

ʻOiai ka nui o ka puʻuwai i loaʻa i ka nui o nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe, mālama lākou i kā lākou mau helu ma muli o kā lākou kiʻekiʻe fecundity. Eia kekahi, hoʻonui lākou i ka 4 manawa i ka makahiki. Hoʻohālikelike kēia mau holoholona i ka ʻike ʻole lākou i nā mea ʻike ʻole i nā meaʻai, a i ʻole e pili ana i nā kūlana ola, no laila ua wikiwiki lākou i nā ʻano ola like ʻole.Ma muli o kēia, ʻike ʻia nā hares i nā ʻano o nā ʻāina āpau, me ka ʻokoʻa ʻole ka Antarctica.

I ka hopena

He nui nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe no Hares, ʻaʻole ka helu ʻana i nā pōʻino kūlohelohe, e like me nā kahe a me nā ahi. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia ka pilikia e ka hares ʻaʻole ʻike i ka holo ʻana. Aʻo nā ahi, ua lawa mākou i nā ahi ahi i ka pūnāwai, i ka manawa i ʻike mua ʻia nā keleti mua. Nui nā poʻe mahiʻai e puhi i nā lau kahiko, a ʻaʻole wale nā ​​mea mahiʻai. Hoʻopau pinepine ʻia nā mauʻu i ka poʻe "akamai" i ka poʻe, he mea makemake ʻia e hoʻopaʻamaʻa pinepine ʻia, me ka poʻe mahiʻai.

I nā huaʻōlelo, ʻo ka mea pōʻino nui loa i ka hares, ʻo ia ke kanaka nāna e luku loa i ka hana me ka ʻole o ka noʻonoʻo.

ʻO nā Hares he mau holoholona kūʻokoʻa ʻole ia i ʻike ʻole ʻia, no ka mea, ʻaʻole maopopo ka pehea e ola ai nā kelenci. Mai ka wā kahiko, ua ʻimi ke kanaka i kēia mau holoholona no ka mea ʻono a me ka ʻiʻo koʻikoʻi. ʻAʻole i hala lōʻihi, i kekahi mau makahiki he kanalima, ʻo nā pāpale i hana ʻia e ka hulu puaʻa, a me nā ʻahuʻula wahine hoʻi, he mau kāmaʻa. I kēia manawa, ʻaʻohe lākou o ka pena, akā ʻaʻole i hoʻōki ka mea hopu no nā hares, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā mea hopu he nui. Ua hiki pinepine ʻoe ke lohe i ka hoʻopiʻi a ka poʻe lawaiʻa a lākou i hele a alualu nei, ʻaʻole ia ka hares, ʻaʻole i ʻike ʻia ko lākou ʻaoʻao. ʻO ka mea pōʻino, "ʻaʻole lākou i hopu" i kēia manawa aia nā mea hānai manu aʻe ma mua o nā hares a me nā holoholona ʻē aʻe. Hoʻopili pū ka pilikia i ka mālama ʻole ʻana o ke ola i nā holoholona o nā kumu meaʻai, a me nā wahi e peʻe ai nā holoholona mai nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe. Ke hoʻomohala nei ke kanaka i nā wahi hou a kanu i nā mea kanu i kanu ʻia. Eia kekahi, ua hoʻohana ʻo ia i nā mea ʻala a me nā mea hoʻonaninani, e alakaʻi ana i nā holoholona.

Eia kekahi, hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia kēia i nā hares wale nō, akā no kekahi mau hoahānau ʻē aʻe mākou, ʻo kā mākou mea liʻiliʻi, e haʻalele nei i ko lākou mau home no nā makahiki, me ka nui o ka ʻai. No laila, ʻaʻole ia he mea kupanaha e hares i ka ʻāina pāʻai, a me nā pākeke a me nā mea kanu ʻai o nā mea nona nā kīʻaha pilikino. I ka manawa pinepine i ka dachas, kahi hapa o ka hōʻiliʻili e waiho mau nei, e kōkua ana i ka hares i ola i nā kūlana paʻakikī o ka hoʻoilo: ma laila ke waiho ana ka kāloti, aia kahi kāpeti kāpala, etc.

ʻOiai ka lahilahi kiʻekiʻe, ʻaʻole hiki i nā hares ke mālama i ko lākou mau helu. Aia kēlā ma nā ʻāina i mamao loa i kahi kanaka, a me nā wahi hoʻi i hiki ʻole ke hiki ʻole i kahi kanaka ke hōʻea aku, ʻoiai ua loaʻa nā SUV i kēlā me kēia lawaiʻa. I nā huaʻōlelo aʻe, hiki i ka hoʻomohala ʻenehana i nā kānaka i ko mākou manawa e piʻi i kahi hohonu i loko o nā ulu lāʻau, kahi e hoʻohana ʻia ai nā holoholona a pau.

ʻAhea e noho ai ka hare?

Kuhi: hare i ke kauwela

Aloha nui ʻo Rusak i nā ʻāpanaʻahi, hiki ke ʻike ʻia ma nā ʻāpana o ka honua. Aia i waena o ka manawa Quaternary, ua noho i ka ʻākau. No laila, ke noho nei i kēia lā i nā ʻōkeke me nā ululāʻau a me nā ulu lāʻau, tundra a me nā nahele ulu o Europa.

ʻO nā hale nui nui:

• Europa
• Front a me Asia Minor,
• ʻĀpana ʻAmelika

Ma ke ʻākau, noho ka hare i Finland iā ia iho, e hopu ana iā Sweden, ʻĀina a me ʻEse. A ma ke kūkulu hema, piʻi loa kona wahi i Turkey, Iran, ʻĀkau o ʻApelika Komohana a me Kazakhstan. Ua ʻike ʻia nā koena o Fossil i kahi hare ma nā penikala Crimean a ma Azerbaijan, ma nā wahi o ka waihona punahele ʻo Pleistocene.

Ma ʻAmelika ʻAmelika, ua noho kaulana ʻo Rusak. Ua lawe ʻia ʻia ʻo ia ma laila i ka makahiki 1893, a ma hope mai, i ka makahiki 1912, mai laila maila ka hare i Canada.

Eia naʻe, i kēia lā mālama ʻia ʻo ia wale nō ma nā wahi ʻo Lī Nui Nui. Ma ka like like nō ia, ʻike ka hare i ʻAmelika ʻAmelika a i Hema. Ma Ausetalia, ua lilo loa ka rodent i mea pest, no ka mea, ua ʻohi ʻia ʻo ia ma laila.

Ma Lūkia, e noho ana ka hiona ma ka ʻāpana nui o ka mokuʻāina, kahi pololei a hiki i ka Lake Onega a me ka Northern Dvina. Eia kekahi, hoʻolaha ka lehulehu ma Perm a me nā Urals, a laila a hiki i Pavlodar wahi o Kazakhstan. Ma ka ʻaoʻao hema, noho ʻo ka Rusak iā Transcaucasia, ʻo Caspian, ʻo nā ʻāpana āpau a hiki i Karaganda. ʻO kahi wale nō e lawe ʻole ai ka hare ʻo Buryatia.

Ma kekahi mau wahi o Rūsia, ua hana nui ʻia nā Rusak:

• ʻAno pālahalaha o Altai,
• Salair
• Kuznetsk Alatau,
• Teritori a Altai
• Teritori a Krasnoyarsk
• Wā ma Novosibirsk,
• ʻApika Irkutsk
• Wāhi Chita,
• Khabarovsk Teritori,
• Teritori ʻoihana.

He aha nā mea e ʻai ai ka brown brown?

Whakaahua: Hare Rusak

ʻO ka Rusak he ʻano hoʻohālikelike hāliʻiliʻi. Aia ma kēia papa inoa he aneane 50 mau ʻano lāʻau. I ka manawa mahana, ua hoʻopau ka holoholona i nā cereals: timothy, oats, millet, mauʻu palaoa. Aloha nō hoʻi ʻo ia i nā legumes: alfalfa, seradella, pā, ʻūmole, lupine. ʻO nā mea kanu ʻala no ka hares ʻo euphorbia, plantain, dandelions, quinoa a me nā buckwheat.

Me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ʻAukake, e huli ana nā ʻōkuhi i ka ʻai cereal a no nā ʻano he legume. Ma keia pili ʻana, e like me ka manu, e like me ka manu, i ka hoʻopuʻi ʻia ʻana o nā mea kanu, no ka mea, ʻaʻole i ʻuʻuku nā huaʻala a laila e komo hou i ka hana.

I ka nui o nā wahi mahiai, ua manaʻo ʻia ke kīpeke i kahi maʻi a pōʻino maoli. No ka mea i ka wā hoʻoilo-hoʻoilo ka mea ʻai lākou i ka ʻili a me nā ʻōpala o nā kumulāʻau: nā kumulāʻau, ʻāpala, nā wīlio, nā poplars a me nā pilipiko. I hoʻokahi pō, hiki i nā mākaʻi o kēia ʻano ke hoʻohaumia nui i ka māla.

Hoʻopili i ka paila, hoʻomau ka mauʻu i nā hua kanu, ke koena o ka mauʻu stale, a me ka māla hua lāʻau a lākou i ʻeli ai mai lalo o ka hoʻoilo. Kipa pinepine ʻia kēia mau wahi mahele e nā ʻāpana hina, ʻaʻole pono iā lākou ke eli i ka hau e leʻaleʻa i nā lefele.

ʻOi ka ʻai ʻana o ka ʻai i ka pīpī, no laila e ʻai pinepine lākou i kā lākou iho. No laila e loaʻa iā lākou ka manawa kūpono e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i nā mea momona. Ma ke ʻano o kekahi mau hoʻokolohua, ua hōʻalo ʻia ka hana i pili ʻole ʻia i kēlā manawa, he hopena ka nui o ka paona ʻana, ka maʻi, a me ka make ʻana o nā poʻe ʻē aʻe.

Nā hiʻohiʻona o ke ʻano a me nā ʻano hana

Kuhi: Hare waiʻale manu

He kuʻuna i kahi ʻāpana polū e pili ana i nā wahi ākea, ke koho ʻana i kahi wahi ulu lāʻau, ʻimi ʻo ia e noho i kahi hoʻopukapuka a i ʻole kahi kohi nui ʻana. Kēia loa hiki ke loaʻa i nā palalela konifous, makemake ʻo ia i nā kumu lāʻau deciduous. A ʻo ka mea nui loa, aloha ke aloha i ka mahiʻai o ke kanaka, kahi ma kahi liʻiliʻi i nā kahe, nā ʻōpala a i ʻole nā ​​mea puaʻa.

He pinepine nā māka ma nā kahawai wai a ma nā wahi o ka hua ʻai. Inā kū ka lālani i kahi o ka mea i noho ai ka hare, a hiki i ke kauwela, hiki ke piʻi i luna o ke kiʻekiʻe o 2000 m. A i ka hoʻoilo, e iho mai ana ia mai, i kahi kokoke i nā wahi. Noho nā puʻu e noho ana i nā kuahiwi i nā kahawai i ka hoʻoilo, i ka pūnāwai ke piʻi hou lākou i nā kiʻekiʻe.

E like me ke kānāwai, ua noho maikaʻi ke aloha. Inā lawa ka ʻai i ka ʻāina, hiki iā lākou ke noho ma ka pae o 40-50 ha no nā makahiki he nui. A i ʻole, e hoʻolilo i kēlā me kēia lā i ka ʻumi mau kilomita mai ka palena o ka moena o ka wahi e ʻai ai a me nā ʻokoʻa. E kau ana i ka hele ʻana i nā inoa nomad, no ka laʻana, ma nā ʻaoʻao kūkulu hema e neʻe nei lākou me ka hoʻomaka o ka lulu.

ʻOi aku ka makemake o Hares e alakaʻi i ke ʻano ola nocturnal, i ka lā a ke ʻano o ke ana wale nō i ka manawa rutting. Inā ʻaʻole maikaʻi nā kūlana, ʻaʻole haʻalele ka hare i kona ʻokoʻa. ʻO ka pinepine pinepine ia he hole maʻamau i ʻeli ʻia i ka lepo, kahi ma lalo o kahi lāʻau a peʻe paha ma hope o kahi lāʻau i hāʻule ai.

Akā ʻoi pinepine aku ʻo ia ka noho ʻana o ka hiona ma nā lāʻau, e hū ana i ka palena a i ʻole pūnihi hohonu. Hiki iā ia ke hoʻohana mālie i nā lua o nā holoholona ʻē aʻe: nā ʻalopeke a i ʻole nā ​​badger. Akā paʻakikī ka lua o ka Rusaks i kā lākou mau lua, akā wale nō, inā he wela nui. ʻO ke koho o kahi no ka wahaheʻe pololei ʻana i ka manawa o ka makahiki. No laila ma ke kahawai mua, koho nā holoholona i nā wahi wela loa.

I nā ʻāina mālaʻu, e ʻimi ai nā hares i nā wahi kiʻekiʻe, a ma ka lā anuanu, ma kahi ʻē aʻe, nā pāpū. I ka hoʻoilo, waiho lākou i ka mānoanoa o ka hau ma kahi i pale ʻia mai ka makani. Inā hohonu loa ka hau, ʻuʻu i nā lua i loko o 2 a lōʻihi. ʻO nā wahi punahele no nā kalaka lawena, he mauʻu wī ma nā ʻaoʻao o nā kauhale.

ʻO ka hoʻolālā ʻenehana a me ka hana hou

Kuhi: hare i ka ʻanuō

ʻO ka uluʻana o nā wahine a me nā kāne o ke kanaka'ōmaʻomaʻo e ulu i hoʻokahi makahiki ma hope o ka hānau ʻana, ma ka puna wai. Ua pili kēia ʻano holoholona i ka ʻōlelo laha. ʻO ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka manawa rutting a me ka helu o nā broods i kēlā me kēia makahiki e kau pono ana i nā kūlana climatic. Ma lalo o nā kūlana maikaʻi loa, hoʻomaka ka wā koho ma Ianuali.

I nā hoʻoheheʻe o nā mele o ka rutting e ʻike nui ʻia. ʻO kēia mau ʻāpana ʻāpana o nā ʻāpana o ka wahine a ʻūlū ʻia i ka hau e ʻā ʻia e nā kāne huhū i loko o kahi hoʻopaʻapaʻa ma luna o ka papahele wahine. Ke hahai nei kēlā me kēia wahine e 2-3 kāne. Hoʻoponopono lākou i nā hakakā ikaika loa, i hui pū ʻia e kā lākou kiola ʻana.

Kū ka hakakā i ka manawa ke hāpai nei ka wahine i kahi pose. Ke uhi nei ke kāne ikaika iā ia, a ʻo ke koena i kēia manawa lele i loko o kēia mau luahine, e ho'āʻo ana e kikeke i ke kāne me kona mau wāwae. I kēlā mau kūlana, ʻoi wale ka luhi a ikaika loa i hiki ai ke lilo i mea kuʻikahi i ka ʻohana hare. E hele mai ka huakaʻi hou ma ʻApelila, a ma hope o ke kolu o ka makahiki - ma waena waena o Iulai.

E ʻike ʻia nā hua pua mua i ka lā o ʻApelila, 45-48 mau lā ma hope o ka hoʻomakeʻa ʻana. ʻO ka maʻamau ma 1 a 9 mau pēpē hānau. Ua ʻike ʻia lākou i ʻike ʻia, me ka lohe a uhi ʻia i ka huluhulu. ʻO ka paona o kēlā me kēia bunny e pili ana i 100 g. ʻO ka nui a me ka maikaʻi o ka litter e pili pili ana i nā kūlana o ka wā. ʻO ka mahana a me ka nui o ka makahiki, ʻo ia ka nui a me ka nui o kā lākou helu.

ʻO nā hebedoma mua he pēpē, ʻai wale nā ​​pēpē i ka waiū, akā i ka wā e ulu ai ko lākou paona 4 mau manawa, hoʻomaka ka hare e huki iā lākou i ka mauʻu. ʻAʻole i haʻalele ka wahine i ka hope, ua mākaukau inā he pōpilikia, e pale i kāna ʻohana. ʻAno paʻa ka ʻohana a hiki i ka loli ʻana o ka hares i 2 mau mahina. A laila waiho ka makuahine iā lākou e lawe i ka bro aʻe.

ʻO nā huina ʻehā he 3 a 4 paha i kēlā me kēia makahiki. ʻOi aku ka hema i ke kūkulu hema, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka manawa o ka hapahā. Eia naʻe, no nā pēpē a pau, 1-2 ola i kēlā me kēia makahiki. ʻO kā lākou make mai ka la i ke ʻano, nā maʻi, nā hana a ke kanaka a me nā mea kauhiʻi he nui loa.

I ka awelika, ola ke ola a ʻoi aku ma mua o 8 mau makahiki, i nā hihia maʻamau, hiki iā lākou ke ola i 10-12 mau makahiki. Aia ka nui o nā ʻenemi keu. Ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, hoʻokahi lākou a hakakā no ka hui ʻana wale nō i ka wā o ka rut.

ʻO nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe o ka hare

Kuhi: Hare nui

He keu nui ka ʻenemi kūlohelohe o nā Rusak i kona nui. I ka makahiki, hiki i nā mea kaupaona ke hōʻea i ka 12% o ka nui o ka nui. Kuhi pololei kēia helu helu i ka helu o nā mea wānana e noho ana ma kahi wahi, a me ka loaʻa o nā meaʻai ʻē aʻe a me ka helu o ka grouse iā lākou iho.

ʻO nā holoholona nui maikaʻi loa no ka hares:

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