ʻOiai inā hōʻole kekahi i ka stereotyping, ʻike ʻia nā gypsies i kahi nui e like me ka poʻe nomadic. ʻO kekahi kekahi o nā hōʻailona mokuʻāina o ka Roma ka pahu kāwele. Nawai, ʻo wai ka mea e huki i kēia pahu? ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, he hōiho lio. ʻO ke ʻano o nā pua gypsy nā mea kūlohelohe a me ka like ʻole i ka manawa like, no ka mea, ʻaʻohe nāna i hoʻonohonoho iā ia ka hana e hoʻoulu ma ia ʻano. I kēia manawa, ʻo ka pono o kēlā mau lio mai nā kahua hoʻokipa ma ʻEulopa.

ʻO ke kumu o nā kaukani gypsy

ʻAʻole i ʻike nui i ka moʻolelo o ka noho hou ʻana o nā gypsies. Ua manaʻoia ua hiki mai lākou i ʻEulopa mai ka palena o ke aupuni ʻo Byzantine. Ke neʻe nei i ka ʻaoʻao komohana, i ka hope i loaʻa i nā gypsies i loko o nā mokupuni o Pelekane, a ua hana ʻia ma ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka makahiki 15, a i ʻole, i ka makahiki 1430.

ʻAʻole maopopo ia ke kumu kumu i hala ai ʻo ia, akā ua hoʻomaka ke kaʻina o ka hōʻiliʻili i kahi moʻomeheu hou a ma hope o nā mau kenekulia he nui i hoʻopau ʻia ma ka mokupuni ʻo ʻIlani. ʻO nā lio gypsy o kēlā manawa, he ʻano hoʻohālikelike like ʻole nā ​​ʻano lehelehe like ʻole, hōʻiliʻili i nā ala a pau mai Byzantium a hiki i ka Atlantika, i holo pū ʻia me nā ʻelele o nā pono Pelekane, Irish a me Scottish. ʻO ka nui o ka hāʻawi nui ʻana i ka hōʻiliʻili o ka hana gypsy i hana ʻia e nā kledesdels, felps, dales, nā māla kiʻekiʻe a me nā aniani.

ʻOiai i ka wā mua o ka ʻoihana, ua manaʻo ʻia nā gypsies he mau mea hoʻokūkū maikaʻi loa, ʻaʻole pono maoli i ka holo lio. Akā, he pono loa ka makemake no nā holoholona draft. Ma kēia kuhikuhi ua hana ʻia ka hana hoʻoulu.

Eia nō kekahi, nānā ka hiʻohiʻona o ka ʻohana i ka nele i ka minamina i ka poʻe gypsies. ʻAʻohe nīnau i nā palahele a i ʻole ka hānai. Ua hele mau loa nā lio Gypsy i ka holo ʻole, a ʻai wale kēia mau holoholona i ka manawa a lākou e ʻoki ai i ka wā o ka lawena pō i ʻole ka hele ʻana ma ka ʻaoʻao me ke kaa. ʻAʻohe mea e ʻōlelo e pili ana i ka mālama kuʻi ʻana i nā lio. Kele ʻia ka holoholona maʻi ʻeha a pepehi ʻia paha.

ʻO kekahi mau kenekulia o kēia hana i alakaʻi i ka hapanui o ko mākou ʻokiʻoni i ka ʻāina o ko lākou noho ʻana i ka pua hoʻokalakupua. ʻAʻole pono nā Nomad Roma i kekahi mea ʻē aʻe, a ʻaʻohe ʻano ʻē aʻe ʻē aʻe e hāpai i ko lākou ola.

Ke nānā nei i nā kiʻi a me nā wikiō o nā lio gypsy, ʻaʻole paʻakikī ke hoʻomaopopo i lanakila ai ka puka o lākou. ʻO kekahi nō hoʻi kēia no ka hune o nā gypsies i hoʻokumu i ka pua hou. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo ka 'paepae' i ka manawa lōʻihi, no laila he ʻano nui loa kēlā me kēia lio. ʻOiai i ka loko koa, kahi i loaʻa ʻole ai ka nui o nā holoholona, ​​makemake nui nā lio i ka huki, no ka mea i ka kaua ʻana i ka lio me ka ʻano like o ka bipi he hanohano hoʻohanohano. ʻAʻole mālama ka gypsies i ke kala i ka holoholona, ​​ʻo ka mea nui ka hana kūpono. Maanei ua kūʻai lākou i nā lio paʻa i nā kumukūʻai kūʻai. I ka hopena, ʻo ka nui o nā ʻīpuka i waiwai nui i ka ʻano gypsy i kēia lā.

Mai ka manawa nui o ka poʻe Gypsies i poʻe maʻamau (a me kēia ʻano, ʻo ka mea pōʻino, ʻaʻole i kū i kēia lā a hiki i kēia lā), he hana ʻino loa ka hana koho. I ka manawa like, ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻohe puke pedigree kekahi. No kēia kumu, ʻaʻohe mea i ʻike i kekahi mea e pili ana i ka hua gypsy a hiki i ke waena o ka kenekulia 20. Hoʻololi wale ke kūlana i ka 1940-50s, i ka manawa i kū mai ai kahi ʻano hana no nā ʻīlio puaʻa liʻiliʻi i waena o nā mea holo lio ma USA. ʻAe, ua loaʻa i ka lio Gypsy kona kūlana mana i ka makahiki 1996, ʻo ia ka mea e lilo ai i ka muli loa o ka honua.

I kēia mau lā ua hoʻohana ʻia kekahi mau inoa no kēia ʻano. ʻO ka honua a me ka ākea ākea - ka gypsy breed o nā lio. Hoʻohana ʻia ka huaʻōlelo ʻo "tinker" noi ka mea maʻamau, ʻo ia ka mea i ulu i ke Kelemānia a me Netherlands. Ma Irani, kahi i kapa ʻia ai ka "tinker" inoa inoa ʻole no nā gypsies lākou iho, ua hoʻohana ʻia ka huaʻōlelo "Irish cob", ʻo ia hoʻi kahi lio haʻahaʻa, akā ikaika a ikaika loa.

Kāleka Gipsy - nā kiʻi a me ka wehewehe

No ka mea ua nui nā ponies i ke kuamoʻo o nā lio gypsy, ʻo ka ulu ʻana o nā ʻelele o kēia ʻano ʻano he mea kupanaha loa: mai 135 a 160 cm.

Kahi kūʻokoʻa kēlā ʻaoʻao a like a like me kahi lio Friesian: he poʻo huluhulu me kahi kikoʻī a noi nui ʻia a me nā pepeiao loloa, he maloʻo haʻalulu a he poʻohiwi nunui, nā wāwae ikaika me nā puʻu ikaika loa. E nānā wale i ka lio gypsy i ka manawa ke nānā i kona mane ākea a me ka huelo. Ua loaʻa nō hoʻi iā lākou nā "friezes" (tassels) ma nā wāwae mai klesdendale a me ka shire. ʻO kekahi hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona o ka moʻomeheu o ke kau ʻana o kahi ʻumiʻumi, kahi mea maʻamau ka loaʻa ʻole i nā lio.

E like me ka mea i hōʻike ʻia ma luna nei, i ke kala o nā kapa gypsy, nui ka puka, akā aia kekahi mau ʻano ʻē aʻe.

No ka manawa lōʻihi hele ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka ʻano, a i kēia manawa hoʻi nā mea kuhi e like me nā mea maʻamau, i kēia lā aia kekahi mau ʻokoʻa i loko o ka ʻano. No ka laʻana, ma ka USA ka nui o nā lio gibe i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i ʻekolu mau pūʻulu nui: "mini" - mau lio iʻoi aku ma mua o 142 cm, "pākaukau" - mai 142 a 155 cm, ʻo "grand" - ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi ma mua o 155 cm.

ʻIke ʻia nā lio Gypsy, nā kākā kaumaha no kahi kūlana mālie a nani hoʻi phlegmatic. Ua ʻōlelo kekahi poʻe holoholona kekahi i kekahi manawa e koi ʻia ka tinker no laila e ola hou ai ka ikaika. No kēia kumu, koho pinepine ʻia kēia mau lio i nā haʻawina e holo ana. Makemake nui nā mares Gypsy e lawe i ka hana a nā wahine hānai no nā ʻīlio lio, no ka mea, he wela ka mai ka lehelehe lio no ka mea ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke hānai i kā lākou keiki ponoʻī.

Ma keʻano holoʻokoʻa, hōʻike ʻia nā kobes Irish me nā holoholona ikaika, paʻakikī a paʻakikī loa. He kūpono loa lākou no ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka harness, akā hana maikaʻi hoʻi ma lalo o kahi ʻōpala. Kūpono nui ʻia lākou no ko lākou gaitiko hāmeʻa a, ʻano ʻino loa.

ʻO nā kūlana a me ka meaʻai ʻana i nā lio gypsy

Mai ka pae ʻana o ka hua ma lalo o nā kūlana koʻikoʻi ma ka pau ʻole o ka hānai ʻana i nā ʻōnaehana, ʻo nā lio lio-kaila gypsy, ka wikiō i hōʻike ʻia ma aneʻi, ua lilo i mea paʻakikī loa a me ka paʻakikī o nā ʻano mālama a ma ka ʻano o ka hānai. Ma ka mea maoli, ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia kēia mau lio e noho i loko o ka hāmihi i ka makahiki āpau a ʻai wale wale nō i nā lau, kahi a lākou e wāwā ai e hōʻuluʻulu i ka pō a i ʻole ke hele ʻana o ka lā.

Akā, i kēia lā, kaulana kaulana ka lio gypsy i nā wahi āpau a puni ka USA. ʻO ka awelika o ka holoholona holoholona holomua mai 10 a 25 tausani mau kālā. ʻIke aku, ʻaʻohe mea e mālama i kēlā mau lio makamae i loko o kahi ʻaka pānaʻi a ʻai wale i ka mauʻu a me ka mauʻu.

I ka nānā ʻana i kēia mau lā, kū mai kahi kūlana kahi i kū hoʻokahi ai kēlā me kēia mea nona nā lio gypsy i ke ʻano pono o nā kūlana ʻoluʻolu a kāna ʻohana e hana ai a pehea e hānai ai iā ia. ʻO kahi ʻano o ka waena waena e lilo i nā kūlana maʻamau no ka mālama pono ʻana i nā lio holoʻokoʻa: kahi maemae, kukui a paʻa me ka hoʻoweliweli maikaʻi, akā me ka hoʻomehana ʻole ʻana. Hiki ke hānai ʻia nā lio Gypsy me kahi meaʻai maʻamau: ke kumu ma ka mauʻu a me ka mauʻu, me ka cereals a me nā mea kanu.

Akā, ʻo ka mea āu e uku ʻoluʻolu aku ai, ʻo ka mane o ka lio, ʻo ka huluhulu a me nā mea kolo. E like me ka ʻike ma ke kiʻi, ʻo nā lio gypsy mau ka lahilahi a ʻoi kekahi manawa i ka curly. I mea e mālama mau ai ka holoholona i kahi pupule akamai, pono ʻoe e hoʻohui pinepine i kēia mau wahi a holoi me ka shampoo.

ʻO nā pono a me nā pōʻino o nā lio gypsy

ʻOiai ʻo kona wā ʻōpio, ʻo ke ʻano o ka lio gypsy i kaulana loa i ʻEulopa a me ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa. Me ka lio o Frisian, ʻo nā tinkers ka mea kūʻai loa loa i ka honua. ʻO ka mea ʻike loa, ʻaʻohe ʻano maikaʻi ʻole i loko o ia noi. I kēia lā, mahalo nui ʻia nā lio gypsy no:

1. Hōʻike ʻia. I kēia manawa, ma nā hapa o ka honua he hapa liʻiliʻi ka nui o nā tinkers, ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻo ka mea nona ka lio e loaʻa i kahi manawa kūpono e hoʻōho i kāna mau hoaaloha he kikoʻala ʻokoʻa.
2. Nani i waho. I ke kiʻi o ke lio gypsy harness, ʻike maopopo ʻia ua hoʻopili ʻo ia i nā kledesdale a me ke shire. I nā huaʻōlelo, he hiʻohiʻona nani loa ia a i kekahi manawa e like ka pāʻani pāʻani plush nui. Nani ka holo ʻana i kēlā lio, a he maikaʻi ke ʻoluʻolu.
3. Pāleʻa haʻalulu. Hoʻohana hou kēia hiʻohiʻona o nā lio gypsy i lākou ke hoʻohana pono no ka holo lio.
4. Hōʻoluʻolu. Pīhoihoi nā poʻe Tinkers a ʻoluʻolu hoʻi. I mea e huhū ai lākou, pono ʻoe e hoʻoikaika. No kēia kumu, nui ka lio no ka poʻe e aʻo mau ana e holo.
5. Maikaʻi kūpono ʻole. Heʻuʻaneʻu liʻiliʻi nā puaʻa māmā e mālama pono ai a hānai. E hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia kahi lio gypsy inā no kahi canopy haʻahaʻa mai ka ua a me ka meaʻai māmā.

ʻO nā hemahema o ka hua gypsy o nā lio he liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi:

1. ʻO ke kumukūʻai kiʻekiʻe. Ma muli o ke ʻano o ke kau ʻana o kēia lio ma ka hopena o ke kaulana (a ʻoiai paha i hiki ʻole i kēia kaʻeke ke hele mai), ʻoi aku ka nui o ke kumukūʻai o nā ʻeke purebred. No kēia kumu, hana pinepine ʻia kekahi kahu lio maʻamau i ka mahalo ʻana i ke kiʻi o kahi pua gypsy, no ka mea hiki ʻole iā ia ke hoʻolilo i kēlā holoholona nui.
2. ʻAʻole kūpono no nā haʻuki hoʻokipa kiʻekiʻe. ʻOiai, hiki i kahi lio gypsy ke hoʻokō maikaʻi i nāʻaʻahu, i ka holo lio he mea ʻole ia.

Kānāwai no ka hoʻoulu ʻana i kahi lio gypsy

Ua like nā Tinkers me kahi lio ʻo Friesia. A ʻaʻole wale nō a ʻaʻole hoʻi e pili ana i ka helehelena, akā e pili ana i nā koho no ka hoʻohana ʻana i kēia mau lio. I ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻo nā mea hoʻonaninani i kēia mau mea leʻaleʻa i kahi kaʻa nani i ka wā o nā ʻoliʻoli like ʻole.

E like me nā lio Friesia, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā tinkers e holo ai i ka poʻe mākaʻikaʻi i loko o nā kaʻa a holo ʻole hoʻi ma nā pā o ke kūlanakauhale, akā ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana iā lākou i ka ʻāina maoli. He maʻalahi loa ke kumu: kahi mane kahe, ʻoi a me nā mea i haki ʻia ma nā wāwae i lilo loa me nā ʻala huʻu a wikiwiki loa, a ma hope o kēlā me kēia huakaʻi ke kīhā ʻana a kau ʻia ka lio no ka manawa lōʻihi.

Akā no ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i ka holo lio paha a i ʻole no nā hele kūʻokoʻa i kahi ʻāina maikaʻi, ʻoihana kūpono loa nā lio Gypsy. ʻO ka helehelena ʻoluʻolu a ka mea holo maikaʻi a me ke ʻano haʻalulu o ka holoholona i hana i nā tinkers i kūpono no kēia.

I nā hoʻokūkū haʻuki, ua hoʻohana pinepine ʻia nā lio gypsy, ʻoiai ʻo ka puʻu lio purebred e pili ana i nā hiʻohiʻona wikiwiki he nui loa i ka poʻe pōkole pōkole a pōkole. ʻO ka hoʻoili ʻokoʻa kahi mea e hōʻike pono ai kēia ʻano huakaʻi iā ia iho he kapaʻaʻahu.

ʻO ka mea hope loa, ʻaʻohe pono e wehewehe no ka lōʻihi o ka manawa e hiki ʻole ai e hoʻohana ka lio holo a me ka ʻoihana koʻikoʻi me ka pipi a me ka pipi.

Akā no ka hoʻoulu ʻana no ke kūʻai aku, ʻaʻole e hewa ka lio. Hāʻawi ʻia i ka nui o ka noi no kēia hua ma Russia a me kāna mau helu liʻiliʻi, ʻo ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana i nā lio gypsy i Veliky Novgorod a i kekahi kūlanakauhale nui paha ke lilo i ʻoihana maikaʻi.

ʻLelo kaulana a me ka pūnaewele Gypsy

Ua haku ʻia kēia ʻano e nā makahiki he mau makahiki o ke kaʻe ʻana a me ka ira.

ʻO Ireland kahi e ʻike ʻia ai ka ʻāina hānau o nā lio Gypsy. Ma laila ʻo ka hoʻomaka ʻana ʻana o nā puaʻa e pili ana i nā ʻano o nā lio i kūlau ʻia e ka poʻe Roma. ʻO ka nui o kēia mau lio kaʻi he nui. Hoʻomaka wale ka hānai ʻana i nā tinkers i ka makahiki 1996 wale nō, ʻoiai ka ʻano o ka hua a puni ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā kenekulia.

I kēia lā, hoʻolaha nui nā lio gypsy i nā wahi like ʻole o ka honua.

ʻO ka inoa inoa inoa ʻo ia ka lio manuahi Irish, akā i nā ʻāina e like me Kelemānia a me Holland, ʻoi loa ka inoa ʻo "Tinker" (unuhi ʻia he gypsy). ʻO kēia kūlana i hoʻonāukiuki i ka Irish, e makemake e kapa iā lākou i nā holoholona Irish cob a kūwā paha i ka cob puka. ʻO ka huaʻōlelo cob i ka unuhi ʻana mai ka ʻōlelo Pelekānia he ʻano "haʻahaʻa, kūmau, maikaʻi hoʻi ka lio."

ʻO ka wehewehe a me nā hiʻohiʻona o ka ʻano

Hoʻokahi ʻano ka mea like ʻole ma ka Honua, ʻo ia hoʻi nā mākeke o nā ʻohana like ʻole nā ​​hiʻohiʻona like, hiki ke ʻōlelo ʻia no kēia ʻano. He nui nā hiʻohiʻona Tinkers e hoʻokaʻawale iā lākou mai nā lio ʻē aʻe.

1. ʻOiai ka huaʻōlelo "cob", i pili pū ʻia me ka lio gypsy, he kiʻekiʻe ke kiʻekiʻe o nā tinkers ma nā kūlana maʻamau i ʻike ʻia (ma kahi o 143-155 cm), i kekahi mau kūlana ke neʻe i luna (a hiki i 160 cm, kapa ʻia kēlā mau holoholona like nui) a i lalo (( mai 135 a 143 cm, kapa ʻia ka mini). Ua manaʻo ʻia he mau mea maʻamau kēia ʻano kūlike.
2. ʻO ka nui o ke koʻikoʻi o nā holoholona ma waena o 240 a 700 kg. E like me ka ulu ʻana o ka ulu ʻana, ʻike ʻia nā mea kūwaha like ʻole a hōʻike ʻole i nā maʻi a me nā maʻi kalapona.
3. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia nā lio Gypsy e kahi kino ikaika, paʻa i ka ʻike ʻia e kona mana a me ka laulā, ʻike maopopo ʻia nā ʻike ikaika ma ke kino.
4. He puʻupuʻu pōkole nā ​​Kobes, e holo maikaʻi ana i ka pahu kolo, kahi i kiʻekiʻe.
5. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia ka hihiu nani i ka hiʻohiʻona o nā tinkers: he mauʻu maloʻo loa lākou, kahaki ʻoi a nani, ke poʻo pāhili ma ka maka mua, a me nā pepeiao lōʻihi.
6. Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia kahi gypsy harness e ka ʻumiʻumi ma lalo o ka iʻa haʻahaʻa.
7. ʻO nā lauoho kākā Gypsy ka maikaʻi o ka lauoho: loaʻa iā lākou ka mane hoʻonaninani a maikaʻi, maloʻo a me ka huelo, a ua uhi ʻia nā ʻōpū i lalo i ke lauoho like.

ʻO waho, kū kū mai ke kaua kaua ʻo Tinker mai ka lehulehu. ʻAʻole hoʻokūkū kēia pua i nā lio i hāpai ʻia ʻoihana, akā hiki ke hāʻawi i nā mea ʻino i ka nui o lākou. Eia kekahi, ʻo nā lio gypsy ke loaʻa i nā hiʻohiʻona holo maikaʻi.

Hoʻopili ʻia ke kala o nā Tinkers (māmā a i ʻole, i ka aniani, nā ʻāpana uliuli piha i nā ʻōpū o ke kala kūlike. I nā makahiki i hala ma ʻEulopa, ʻaʻole i mahalo ʻia kēlā kapa like ʻole a ua manaʻo ʻia he "hewa", ka mea i alakaʻi ʻia i ka wīwī a me ke ʻano kūlike o nā holoholona. I kāna ʻano hana i kēia manawa, aia he 3 mau ʻano o kēia ʻano: tobiano, overo a me tover.

Tinker ʻikeʻikepiliʻikepili

ʻO ka kumu o ke ʻano Irish ke komo i ka moʻolelo o nā mea aloha a Gypsy. I ka waena o ka makahiki 15, ua hiki i Roma i Beritania a noho i nā mokupuni. Ma ʻIlila, ua hoʻololi lākou i nā ʻohana Tinker. Loaʻa i ka poʻe kahiko nā malihini, he mau kaua ma waena o lākou. ʻO ke ala o ke ola hoʻoliʻiliʻi ka lawe ʻana i nā tinkers a me nā gypsies. Ua pili a pili a hui pū ʻia i loko o ka lāhui hoʻokahi.

ʻO nā hale hou a me nā gypsies kūloko e mālama i nā lio. Ma hope o ka hoʻohui ʻana, hoʻākoakoa ka lio a holo i kēlā. No laila he ala kūhelu ka gandan draft a Irish cob. Mai nā lio tinker ua hāpai lākou i ka mana a me ka nānā ʻole, a mai nā lio gypsy - manes lōʻihi.

ʻO ke kala piebald maʻamau kekahi ma muli o ke ʻano ola gypsy. Hoʻomaopopo ʻia ke kala me ka palaka, no laila ua hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻia ka puka. ʻAʻole i ʻae ʻia lākou i nā pūʻali koa ma muli o ke ʻano poʻokela i hōʻike ʻole ʻia. ʻAʻole makemake ka gypsy i ka helehelena, akā i nā hiʻohiʻona maikaʻi loa o nā holoholona. No laila, loaʻa nā lio ikaika a paʻakikī hoʻi iā lākou no ka mea noa.

ʻAʻole i hoʻokipa nā gypsies i ka hana hoʻoulu, ʻaʻole i nānā i ka maʻemaʻe o ka ʻano a ʻaʻole helu i nā holoholona. Hoʻomaka ka poʻe kahu pua ʻAmelika i ka hōʻuluʻulu ʻana i nā hakahaka liʻiliʻi a me ka hoʻouluulu ʻana ma hope o 1945, i ka manawa i lilo ai nā kaulana kobes i United States.

Mai ka makahiki 1996, ua hoʻokele ʻia ka Irish Cob Association, a mālama ʻia nā puke loiloi.Hoʻolaha ka lahui o ka tinker, no laila, e lilo nā mea kūʻai aku i ka wā e lilo ai i mau mea kīʻaha like ʻole.

ʻO nā hiʻona a me ke kaumaha

He nui a haʻahaʻa hoʻi nā kihi - mai ka 1,3 mika ma ka maloʻo i 1,6 mika. No ka holo lio, hiki iā ʻoe ke koho i kahi lio kūpono i ka ulu ʻana o ka mea holo.

Ma United States, aia kahi kikoʻī o nā cobs ma ke kiʻekiʻe.

• a i nā 142 kenimika - mini,
• 142-155 mau kenekimika - pālahalaha,
• ma luna o 155 kenimika - grand.

ʻO ka paona o ka puʻu Irish e like me ke kiʻekiʻe. Kaupaona nā poʻe hoʻokaʻawale mai 240 kilokilā. ʻO ka nui o ka lōʻihi o ka tinker kiʻekiʻe he 700 kilograms.

Loaʻa ʻae

Nā hiʻohiʻona o waho cob:

• pahu hohonu,
• poʻohiwi ikaika
• nā ʻāʻī pololei pololei
• he poʻo me ke kahaha ākea a me nā ʻumiʻumi,
• pepeiao lōʻihi loa
• nā wāwae me nā kuli knluna kaulana,
• ua uhi ʻia nā wāwae i ka lauoho lōʻihi, hāʻule i ka mau pale,
• mānoanoa, mae ka wēne mane a me ka huelo.

He haʻahaʻa a hoʻohaʻahaʻa ka tinker a hoʻohālikelike ʻia i ka lio ʻAria o ka manamanalima. ʻO ke kala o ka cob i mea hoʻomanaʻo. ʻO nā wāwae hind i kekahi manawa me ka leka "X", e like me nā bipi. Hūnā piha ʻia nā hooves e ka hulu. ʻO ke kūlohelohe e like me ke kapa o ke kapa kūlohelohe kūlohelohe, no laila e pili pū ana me ka hippies, ka ʻano a me ke ola gypsy nomadic.

Ma keʻano ākea, nā hiʻohiʻona e like me ka mares o ke kauhale, akā ʻo ka mane lihi a me nā huelo e hāʻawi iā lākou i kahi leʻaleʻa, nani. Kuhi pono ʻia ʻo Kobes i kahi kaʻa kaʻa, he kaʻa wele a like me nā lio e holo ana.

Nā lole holoholona

ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona o nā kāʻei o nā kala āpau he wahi keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo o kona ʻokoʻa. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia nā ʻāpana Piebald e nā ʻano:

• overo - aia nā wahi ma nā ʻaoʻao, ʻeleʻele ka pali ma luna a i ʻole nā ​​wāwae he nui, ke poʻo monophonic,
• tobiano - nā wāwae māmā, nā ʻūhā ma ka umauma a me ka ʻāʻī, ʻo ke kaikuʻo o ka ʻāhaʻi o ke aniani a me nā ʻalā, he "hōkū" pōʻeleʻele kekahi mau lā i kahi maka ʻula,
• ʻO Tovero - kahi kāwili o nā ʻano mua.

Aia nā ʻeleʻele o keʻulaʻula, forelock, ʻoniʻoni.

ʻO ka hiʻohiʻona a me ka huhū o ke Irish Cob

Hoʻomanawanui nā lio phlegmatic no kahi kai holo kaʻa. ʻO ka holo ʻana ma nā cobs ka mea maʻalahi a maʻalahi hoʻi e aʻo, akā i ka wā e hiki ai iā lākou ke palau. ʻO ka hele ʻana o nā tinkers e hana i nā lio holo like e like me ka mea he kulana, no laila ua lawe ʻia i ka hoʻomaka o ka hoʻokūkū hui.

ʻAʻole e komo i nā waʻa kākuhi ke kāwili i ka holo ʻana, ʻoiai lākou e luhi i ka papa maʻi. Pono ʻoe e kūkulu i kā lākou wikiwiki i ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa paʻakikī. Akā ʻo ka koby ka mea maoli ka mana kiʻekiʻe o ka lele nui. Ua neʻe lākou me kahi ākea ākea, akāʻoluʻolu, akā

ʻO nā wahi kahele a me nā ʻāpana o ka hoʻohana i kēia ʻano

Nā ʻoli ʻana o nā ʻeke:

• hāmeʻa - holo kaʻa, holo lio, hoʻomaʻamaʻa,
• ʻoliʻoli - komo i nā hōʻike, nā hōʻike, nā lā hoʻomaha
• hoʻoikaika - home home a me ka mālama ʻana,
• lāʻau lapaʻau - hippotherapy,
• ka mahiai he papa hana.

ʻO ka moʻomeheu maoli ka holoholona e noho nei ma ʻInelani. Ke hohola ʻia kahi lio gypsy holoʻokoʻa e pili ana i ʻEulopa, kaulana loa ma ʻAmelika ʻAmelika. Hoʻoweliweli ka ʻōmala ʻino i ka ʻōiwi. Hoʻopono maikaʻi lākou i nā ʻāina mahana a me ke anuanu.

ʻO ka hoʻopiʻi a me ka ʻokoʻa

Noho nā kūpuna o nā tinkers i ka puka. Hōʻike koʻikoʻi ke ʻano Gypsy i nā kūlana o ka paʻa. ʻO nā pono kūponoʻole cob i loaʻa:

• nani i waho
• loko loa
• holo mālie
• malie mālie.

Hāʻawi ka maki Gypsy i nā waiū he nui. I loko o nā papa, nā ʻano kīwī he nui, ua hoʻohana ʻia lākou no ke kahu hānai no nā puaʻe ʻē aʻe. Me ka waiū, ua hoʻoili ʻia ka hiʻohiʻona hoa cobas i nā pēpē hou. ʻO nā keiki o nā mākua hānai hoʻomaha, hānai i ka waiū o kahi wahine Irish Irish, ulu nui aʻe i ka hoʻolohe.

I nā nāʻino:

Ke hopohopo nei nā kānaka holoholona i ka palu a me ka mane o nā lio. Pono e nānā pono ke nānā aku o nā cobs.

Nā ʻableslelo

Inā hāʻawi nā tinkers i ka lumi i nā ʻano ʻē aʻe, pono lākou i nā pā kiʻea. ʻO nā kamaʻāina wale nō o nā hale kikowaena maʻalahi, e kūpono iā lākou. Pono ke kīwī no cob Irish no ʻekolu mau māhele:

• lumi hele
• lumi no ka wai a me nā hana hoʻomehana
• lumi kikowaena me nā hale kūʻai.

Hoʻokaʻawale i kahi kahi no ka mālama ʻana i ka mea hānai, bala a me nā mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe.

ʻO ka nui o ke kōwili e hilinaʻi i ka nui o ka tinker. Nā ʻāpana kiko - 3x2.5 mau mika.

Manaʻo no ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā pūpū:

• hoʻoilo ʻia, hoʻōho - pono ke komo i ka ea i loko o ka lumi, akā ʻaʻole he kumu.
• ka wela wela a i ʻole ka wela - lio ka wela i ka lumi kūlohelohe a hiki i +8 degere, ma nā hau maloʻo e pono ai ka hoʻomehana hou aku,
• hale moe - papahele a kīwī paha i uhi ʻia me ka mauʻu, sawdust, pit,
• wai - ka wai wai i ka hale hoʻokaʻawale makahiki a no ke ʻano inu kīʻaha makehewa.

E hoʻololi ʻia ka litter i kēlā me kēia lā ʻelua. Hoʻopau ʻia nā mea hānai hoʻomaha ma ka pae o ka lio.

Kauʻai

Paʻu Tinker i nā ʻano o nā pono:

• ka'ōmaʻomaʻo - mauʻu nāu a nā holoholona e ʻai ai i ke kauwela ma kahi pākala.
• wiwo - hay, chaff o nā hua kanu,
• nāʻili - cereals,
• wai momona - hua kanu,
• silage - sunflower, palaoa.

Hoʻonui ka helu o ka pipi i kēlā me kēia lā i ke kaumaha o ka holoholona. No ka 100 kilograms o ka lehulehu e hāʻawi i ka 4 kilograms o nā huahana. ʻO Hay ka calcium, ka protein a me ka fiber. ʻO ke kumu o kaʻili o ka huki i ka aʻa a me ka bale. ʻO ka kaʻana o nā cereals i loko o ka meaʻai o ka lā e kau ana i ke ʻano kino. Inā hele ka tinker i 2 mau hola i ka lā a ʻaʻole i hoʻokomo i ka hana nui, ua lawa ia e kāwili i nā oats āpau me ka mauʻu lau i loko o kahi waihona o 200 mau greka no 5 mau lita. Ma nā ukana māmā, hāʻawi ʻia nā lio i 2 kilokileka o ka hui i kēlā me kēia lā, me nā ukana kaumaha - 7 kilograms.

Me nā hana ikaika a me ka lulu, pono e ʻai nā tinkers i ka 30 o ka papa paʻakai o ka pākahi i kēlā me kēia lā e hoʻihoʻi i ka paakai wai-paʻakai. Hoʻokomo ʻia nā ʻōpū Irish i kākahu ʻia, kākala a me nā pā momona, kāloti huaʻai. ʻO kahi kumuwaiwai hou aʻe o ka calcium ka beets. Ua hui ʻia ʻo Silo me ka mauʻu.

Ua hoʻokaʻawale ka ʻona ʻai o kēlā me kēia lā no nā lio Gypsy i 5 mau hoʻokipa a hāʻawi ʻia i ka manawa like. ʻAʻole hiki i nā ʻōpio ke inu ʻokoʻa ma hope o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa. Pono ʻoe e kali i nā hola 2 a hāʻawi i ka wai i nā māhele liʻiliʻi.

Ka mālama hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana a me ka Horse

I ke kauwela, ma hope o ke aʻo ikaika ʻana, hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia nā tinkers i ka wai mahana. I ka hoʻoilo, ʻaʻole mālama ʻia nā hana wai. Hoʻomaʻemae ʻia ka huluhulu ma nā ʻaoʻao me kahi kālai. ʻO ka mane, ka hiku a me nā ʻūhā i hoʻohui ʻia. Ma mua o ka hele ʻana, ʻōlelo ʻia ke kālai i nā lepa no nā lio, a i ʻole ke kaʻa no ke koena. Hōʻ holoi ʻia ka mane a me ka lālani 2 mau manawa i ka hebedoma me kahi shampoo, hoʻohana ʻia ke kūlana o ka lauoho. Hoʻomaʻemae ʻia nā ʻōmaʻi o nā lio ʻaʻohe kāmaʻa e hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia me kahi kaula kūikawā a kāʻei ʻia ma hope o ka hele ʻana i ka ea hou. Pākuʻi ʻia nā ihu o nāu ʻoi i ka mālama kūikawā - pono ʻoe e holoi i ka lepo mai ka ihu a holoi ka maloʻo.

Ka ʻōpiha

I ke kauwela, hiki ke mālama ʻia cob Irish i kahi graze manuahi. Ma nā mahiʻai holoholona, ​​loaʻa nā lio i ka ʻai ma nā mahina. Na ka hoʻoilo, ua hoʻomākaukau ʻia nā lako hāleʻa no lākou a waiho ʻia ma kahi kokoke i ka wahi ʻala.

ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi no nā cobs i ka hoʻoilo ma kahi hoʻomaha, a no ke kauwela hiki iā lākou ke hoʻokuʻu ʻia i ke kula. Pono e lawe ʻia nā lio ʻona i kahi wai i nā manawa 2-3 i ka lā, e hānai ʻia me ka palaoa a me nā lau, mālama i ke ʻano o nā hoove.

ʻO nā huakaʻi a me ka pale ʻana i ka maʻi

Pehea e mālama ai i ke olakino o nā tinkers:

• E nānā i nā lula o ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe,
• pale aku i nā drafi i ka paʻa
• e hana ai i ka papaʻaʻai i ke kauoha ʻana o ka mea doktor,
• e nānā i kou mau pepeiao, nā maka a me nā niho.
• e lawe mai i kēlā me kēia ʻeono mau lio i ka hoʻokolokolo kino.

I nā maʻi nui e hana ʻia ai nā maʻi holoʻokoʻa.

• anhix,
• maʻi uila
• kahiki
• pāpale
• huakai
• tetanus
• rabies.

I hoʻokahi makahiki, pono ke nānā ʻia nā holoholona no nā glanders, maʻi ʻohiʻohi, hōʻeha maʻi, leptospirosis.

Hōʻike hanana

ʻO nā lio Gypsy (harnesses Irish, tinkers a kobes) ʻo ia nā hopena o nā makahiki heʻumi o ke kahakaha a me ka hana ʻana o nā ʻano he nui. ʻIke ʻia ʻo ʻIlohaka kahi i hānau ʻia ai kēia mau holoholona, ​​ma kahi o nā wahi i hoʻomaka ʻia ai nā neʻe puaʻa kamaʻāina me nā ʻano i lawe ʻia e nā ʻohana male - Roma a Gypsies.

I kēia mau lā he paʻakikī i ka kuhikuhi ʻana i ke kumu o nā tinkers. Ua manaʻo ʻia i loko o ko lākou mau kīwā ke koko o nā ʻelele o nā Irish, Scottish a me English Pelekane e kahe ana. No ka manawa lōʻihi, ma muli o ka "ʻano hui" nui, ʻaʻole ʻike ʻia nā lio.

Ua hoʻomaka lākou e komo i ka hoʻopiha piha ʻana o kēia mau lio i ka wā i hala, i ka makahiki 1996, i ka manawa i hoʻopaʻa inoa ʻia ai kahi alima i kapa ʻia ʻo Kushti Bok. Eia naʻe, ua hoʻokumu ʻia kēia mea hoʻomaka ma ka hoʻomaka o ka makahiki hope.

He mea kūpono ia i ke ʻano nui i nā ʻano kumu like ʻole o ka ʻano gypsy.

• ke kapa inoa o nā gypsies a me ko lākou pono no nā lio ʻumi.
• hune o ka poʻe Roma, ma muli o ka loaʻa ʻole o ka lio i ka meaʻai maʻamau a, ma ke kumu, ua hoʻokaʻawale i nā kūlana o ke kaiapuni.

Mahalo i kēia, ua loaʻa nā lio o ka hua wehewehe maikaʻi i ke olakino maikaʻi, ka palekana ikaika, kūleʻa a me ke kumukūʻai ikaika.

ʻO ke kumukūʻai haʻahaʻa

ʻO nā Tinkers i waena o nā moʻo nani maikaʻi a nani loa o ka honua. I kā lākou kumukūʻai ma USA ka 10-25 tausani mau kālā. Ma nā kahu hānai ʻEulopa, hiki iā ʻoe ke kūʻai i nā cobs i ke kumukūʻai o 6 tausani euros. I ke kumu o kahi lio haole e pono ai e hoʻohui i ke kumukūʻai o ka lawe.

ʻO ke kūʻai ʻana mai nā mea mālama pilikino e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke hoʻopakele ma ka hoʻopuka a mai hopohopo no ka maikaʻi o ka holoholona ma hope o kahi lōʻihi lōʻihi o ka holo ʻana. Wahi a nā hoʻolaha, hiki iā ʻoe ke kūʻai i ke kīpē'ōpio'ōpio i ka 250 mano rubles. Hāʻawi hoʻi nā poʻe pilikino i nā kiʻina no ka moe ʻana no 10-20 tausani mau rubles.

ʻO nā kiʻi e pili ana i ka hua

He moʻolelo kūlohelohe koʻikoʻi nā Irish cobs, ke ʻano a me nā ʻano.

• ʻO tinker ka inoa i hoʻowahāwahā ʻia o ka gypsies. I Irlandia, kapa ʻia nā lio he cob, ʻo ia ke ʻano he "lio ikaika",
• aia nā tinkers me nā aniani a me nā maka polū. Inā ma kahi o ka maka ke keʻokeʻo ma ke poʻo, he kukui ka ʻula o ka iris.
• ʻO nā kobes Irish ka phlegmatic a kū'ē. ʻAʻole hiki ke kāwili ʻia ka puʻu paʻa.

ʻAʻole wale ka ahurei i ka mana o ka gypsy draft ma ke ʻano he nui wale nō, akā ʻo kēlā me kēia cob - i hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia i ke ʻano o nā wahi i hoʻāʻo ʻole ʻia.

ʻO ka ʻokoʻa a me keʻano o ka lio gypsy

Na ʻano lio o Gypsy a i ʻole e kapa ʻia ai lākou i hana ʻia nā tinkers i nā makahiki he nui. ʻO ʻĀlona ko lākou ʻāina. K kaulana mau ʻia ʻo Gypsies no kā lākou mau holo lio e ʻike maikaʻi ana a ʻike nui i nā lio.

ʻO kahi lio maikaʻi no ka gypsy ka hōʻoia i hōʻoia i kona kumu, haʻaheo lākou iā lākou. Mahalo i kāu mau makahiki o ka hoʻoikaika ʻana o ka lahui gypsy, ua ʻike ʻia kēia ʻano ʻokoʻa a nani loa o ka lio.

I loko o ke koko lio holo kime Nui nā ʻano he nui Pelekane. No ka wā lōʻihi, ʻaʻole i ʻike ʻia nā lio gypsy ma ke ʻano he male ʻano. ʻAʻole i kapa ʻia kēlā mau lio i kapa ʻia "cob", ʻo ia hoʻi: he lio liʻiliʻi.

I ke ola lōʻihi loa nā Gypsies i ke ola nomad, ko lākou mau kaʻa, ka mea i lawe ʻia me nā puʻupuʻu liʻiliʻi, ua neʻe ʻia mai kēlā wahi kēia wahi, ʻaʻole i nui ka ʻai o ka pūʻali Gypsy. ʻIke lākou i nā lio, ʻo ka mea mua, ma ka hana.

ʻAʻohe mau lio i ka meaʻai kūikawā, ʻai lākou i nā mea āpau a lākou i loaʻa ai ma ke alanui, a me ke koena o ka ʻai kino kanaka. ʻAʻole i mālama ʻia ka mālama pono ʻana iā lākou, ma muli o ke ʻano ʻole o ke ʻano o nā gypsies e ka aristocracy. No ka pili ʻana i kēia mau mea, ua lilo ʻo Tinker-koba i paʻakikī nui ʻole ka holoholona hihiu i ka meaʻai a me nā kūlana o ka wā.

I ka makahiki 1996, ua hoʻopaʻa inoa inoa ʻia kahi foal i kapa ʻia ʻo Kushti Bok. ʻO ia ua lilo i ʻelele mua o kēia ʻano aloha. I kēia lā, ua loaʻa ka kaulana o nā tinkers i nā mea a puni ka honua.

E nānā kiʻi lio garani ʻaʻole hiki i kekahi ke kōkua i ka ʻike ʻana i ko lākou puʻupuʻu nui, nani mane a nani nā wāwae. ʻO nā Tinkers ma waena o nā lio keu kupaianaha o ka honua. ʻO kā lākou kiʻi ma kahi hiʻohiʻona mai nā amateurs a me ka ʻoihana.

Lio lio Gypsy i loko o kona nui hoihoi ia he hiʻohiʻona kūlohelohe a me ke kūpaʻa. ʻAʻole ia he ʻano o ka hoʻoulu ʻia ʻana i kahi kanaka, hoʻomaʻamaʻa maikaʻi ʻia a ʻaʻole paʻakikī ke mālama a mālama. ʻO ia ke kumu no ka maikaʻi no nā poʻe hoʻomaka, akā, ʻoiai ke kino koʻikoʻi, he poʻe poni maikaʻi loa nā tinkers.

Hāʻawi ʻia ka Mares no ka hana ʻana a me ka hānai ʻana i nā ʻōpio. He nui nā ʻoluʻolu o nā Mares ma mua o nā lio gypsy. Kāhea ʻia nā lio Gypsy ma ke ao holoʻokoʻa, e like me kā lākou kūpono i nā ʻano āpau o nā kānaka, mai nā keiki a i nā poʻe loea.

ʻO ka wehewehe ʻana i ka lio gypsy breed

ʻO nā lio Gypsy he anuanu a me ke poʻo ākea, nā pepeiao lōʻihi, kahi ʻāʻī ikaika a ʻo ke ʻumiʻumi hoʻi. ʻO nā poʻohiwi, ka umauma a me nā wāwae he ikaika loa, ikaika a pākahi. ʻO ka mane lōkeke a me nā bang, a nā wāwae i kahi hulu nani o ka lauoho i ka wahi e hana ai.

ʻO ka ʻoniʻoni polū o nā lio he ʻonanike ia me nā kiʻi keʻokeʻo, kahi i lanakila ai nā wahi keʻokeʻo, kapa ʻia kēia inoa ʻo pegimus. Loaʻa ʻia nā lio Gypsy i loko o nā kala ʻē aʻe, akā heʻuʻuku kēia.

ʻO nā lio Gypsy kiʻekiʻe e ulu ana hiki aku ka lōʻihi i ka 1.6 m, akā aia kekahi manawa ʻo ka ulu ʻana he 1.35 m.

Meaʻai kai Gypsy

ʻO ka meaʻai kūpono no ka lio he mea koʻikoʻi loa. Ma hope o nā mea āpau, hilinaʻi ke olakino a me ka nani o ka holoholona. Pono ka lio e loaʻa i ka protein, calcium a me nā huaora D, B, C. i ke kino me ka meaʻai.

He mea kōkua ia e hāʻawi iā lākou i ka kalaka a i ke kōoli kō. I kēlā me kēia lā, me nā wahi liʻiliʻi, hāʻawi ʻia nā lio i nā hua kanu (oats, palaoa, palaoa, a me nā mea like) e hui pū ana i nā mea kanu i ka manawa like. I ke kauwela, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā mauʻu me ke ʻano no ka lio.

I ka papa ʻaina o kekahi lio, pono ʻoe e hoʻokomo i ka paʻakai papa o 30 g. i kēlā me kēia lā (loaʻa i nā hōkū ka ikaika a me ka paʻakai e waiho i ke kino me ia). ʻO kēia keʻakeʻa i ka pae wai-paʻakai, hiki ke hoʻopilikia i ke olakino o ka holoholona.

E hauʻoli nui ka lio inā hāʻawi ʻoe iā ia i kahi ʻāpana kō i ke ʻano o kahi kuʻuna, a ʻaʻole hoʻi e hōʻole no ka huki ʻana i ka lauwili palaoa. Hoʻolohe Mai hāʻawi i ka lio i hoʻopau ʻia, ka hānai mea ʻai, a me ka meaʻai i nā mea make make. ʻO ka hana ʻole e hoʻokō i nā lula o ka hānai a me ka meaʻai maikaʻi ʻole hiki ke alakaʻi i ka make o ka holoholona.

Pono e inu wai i ka lio i kēlā me kēia lā i ʻekolu mau lā o ka lā. I ka manawa wela a ma hope paha o ka hana ikaika, inu ʻoe 5 a 6 mau manawa i ka lā. Ma hope o ke hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana a i ʻole hele wāwae, ʻaʻole hiki i ka wai ke inu. Noea e kali i 1,5, 2 hola. Hoʻonohonoho ʻia e hoʻoneʻe i ka lio i nā ʻano meaʻai like ʻole.

ʻO ka moʻolelo

Ua hele mai nā lāhui i ka ʻāina o ʻEulopa mai ke Aupuni Byzantine, eia kēia nā ʻāina o ka Balkan Peninsula a me Turkey. ʻAʻole maopopo ka lā kūpono o kēia mau hanana, me ka mea ʻaʻole i hāʻawi ka poʻe koa i kahi weheweheʻatikala o ko lākou mōʻaukala a me nā puke kīmole o nā lio.

I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā kenekulia 15, ua hiki mai nā kānaka gypsy i ke ʻāina o Pelekane o kēia manawa, no laila, he wahi Pelekane ka noho mau ʻana ma nā ʻano he mau lio:

• kiʻekiʻe loa
• ʻOhelela
• ʻona
• puliki.

Ma ka hopena hope, ua hoʻokumu ʻia ka hua ma ke ʻano o ka mokupuni o ʻInelani. No ka manawa lōʻihi ua kapa ʻia ʻo ia he cob, unuhi ʻia mai ka ʻōlelo Pelekane - he lio ikaika. Ma hope mai, i Netherlands a me Kelemania, ka inoa Tinker, ka inoa hoʻowahāwahā i ka gypsy, ua loaʻa ke aʻa.

Ua aʻo nā Hippologists i nā lio gypsy i ka waenakonu o nā kenekulia 20, i ka manawa i koi ai nā lio ʻokoʻa ākea i USA. Akā naʻe, ua ʻike a hoʻopaʻa ʻia ia wale nō ma ka makahiki 1996, ka inoa inoa o ka moʻokūlani no ke kīkī gifi draft.

ʻO ka mālama a mālama pono ʻana i kahi lio gypsy

He mea pono i ka lio e kūkulu i kahi hale ākea nui a ākea paha, i hoʻolako ʻia me nā mea hoʻoulu a me nā mea inu ʻokoʻa. ʻO ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka haleʻa paha ma kahi o 80%.

1. E hōʻoia i ka nānā ʻana i ka maʻemaʻe o ka pāʻai. I ke hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ke kīleʻa he pono ke lawe i ka lio i waho i ke alanui, e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka lumi o ka hānai a me ka manure, a wehe i nā mea inu. E holoi maikaʻi i ka papahele a nānā pono i nā kihi a pau. E holoi i ka papahele me ka wai hoʻomaʻemaʻe a me nā mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe. Hāʻawi i ka manawa e hoʻomaloʻo ai i ka lumi. E waiho manu. A laila kau i nā mea āpau ma kona wahi a hoʻomaka i kahi lio.ʻO ka luhi ʻana o ka lio i kēlā me kēia lā pono ʻoe e hoʻomoʻo.

2. Pono ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i ka lio a hoʻohui ʻia i kēlā me kēia lā. Hoʻomaopopo ʻia e kūʻai i nā mea momona (ʻelua): me nā pale paʻakikī a palupalu. Pono pono e hoʻomaka i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe mai ke poʻo a huli i ke huli ʻana i ke kua, ʻo ke ʻano hana like e hana ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe.

3. Pono e mālama pono. Ma mua a ma hope o ka hele ʻana, pono ʻoe e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i nā ʻūhā me kahi kaula kūikawā, a laila e huki aʻe i nā mea lepo ʻole mai ka neʻe ʻana. ʻEpekema, kapa ʻia kēia me ka hooking. E hopu ikaika i ka wāwae o ka holoholona, ​​kūlou i ke kuli a lūlū i nā ʻūhā. I kekahi hihia e hoʻokokoke aku ʻoe i ka lio mai ka ʻaoʻao o ka huelo. Pono ka lio e ʻike i kāna mea nona, hiki iā ia ke ʻoki mai ka makaʻu.

4. Inā pono, e holoi i ka lio e hoʻohana ana i kahi shampoo kūikawā. Pono ka ʻoluʻolu o ka wai no ka ʻoluʻolu o ka lio i kēia kaʻina hana. I ke kauwela o nā lio, he mea maʻamau ka ʻauʻau ʻana i nā wai ākea.

5. Paipai ʻia e hāʻawi i ka lio i ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa kino ʻana i kēlā me kēia lā a i ʻole nā ​​hele wāwae lōʻihi.

Kumukūʻai lio Gypsy

ʻO ka lio Gypsy kekahi o nā lio momona loa ma ka honua. Na mau lio Gypsykuai kau aku i nā kumukūʻai fantastically kiʻekiʻe, akā pono lākou ia.

I mea e kūʻai ai i kahi lio gypsy harness, pono ʻoe e uku mai ka $ 10,000 a $ 25,000. Aia ke kumukūʻai hope loa i ka makahiki o ka lio, kona mau aniani pedigree, ʻahuʻula, nā hiʻohiʻona hana a no ke ʻano waho.

Hōʻikeʻike no ka lio gypsy

Ua makemake nui wau i nā haʻuki equestrian no ka lōʻihi, akā ua pīhoihoi wau i ka wā i ʻike mua ai au i kahi lio gypsy i ke kiʻi. A laila heluhelu wau a hoʻopaʻa ʻia hoʻi e pili ana iā ia. He mea kupaianaha wale nō.

ʻOiaʻiʻo, nā kumukūʻai nui, a ʻaʻole hiki iaʻu ke loaʻa i kēlā lio, akā no nā lio he nui, aia kaʻu mau koho ma luna ona. Manaʻo wau e loaʻa kaʻu hālāwai me ka lio Gypsy draft i kahi kokoke e hiki mai ana.

ʻO ka lio Gypsy

ʻO nā lio Gypsy ke noho mālie i ka phlegmatic, hoʻolaha nā mea hoʻouluulu i kēlā me kēia manawa me ka hōʻoliʻoli, e hoʻolei ana i ka holoholona. Hoʻomaʻi pinepine ʻia nā ʻā Mares e hānai i nā kīwī o nā ʻano ʻē aʻe me kahi ʻano paipai.

Ke neʻe nei nā lio me ka hana malu, a lilo i mau hoa hana maikaʻi no ka holo lio, ʻoiai ʻo nā mea holo mua e hoʻomaʻamaʻa. I ke kiʻi - nā lio holo e kau ana ma luna o nā lio gypsy.

E hoʻomau ka maikaʻi ʻana o nā holoholona i kahi holo lōʻihi me ka ukana kaumaha, hoʻonui ʻia aʻo. Ke wikiwiki lākou e aʻo, ʻaʻole paʻakikī a ʻaʻole capricious. Ua kūpono no ka neʻe ʻana i ka harness a ma lalo o ke kaumaha.

Nā hiʻohiʻona o ka mālama a me ka mālama

Hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia ka meaʻai me nā huaora o nā hui B, D, C, kalsioma. Ma nā hele wāwae a hoʻomaʻamaʻa, nā holoholona hoʻoheheʻe, nalowale wai, no laila hoʻohui ʻia ka paʻakai i ka meaʻai, ma kahi o 30 g i kēlā me kēia lā. ʻO ka mea hoʻokipa ke hana ka luna ʻai hānai iā ia iho, ma muli o ke ukana kino o ka lio.

Loaʻa a me nā ponoʻole o ka huaʻai Tinker

ʻO nā lio Tinker, e like me nā mea'ē aʻe, he mau hopena maikaʻi a maikaʻi ʻole. ʻO kahi kanaka e hoʻoholo i ka hoʻoulu ʻana i kēlā mau lio e pono iā lākou iho i nā mea āpau a me nā mea maikaʻi a me nā mea e pono ai e hoʻoholo. Nā wahi kūpono:

1. ʻO ka mea mua i waena o nā pono āpau ke exclusivity. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ʻaʻole nui loa nā lio like ʻole: ʻo ka nui o nā ʻāina like ʻole o ka honua nei he helu liʻiliʻi wale nō o nā lio tinker. No ka mea nona, ka lio aloha he hoa aloha a he hoa, a he hiʻi naʻa kekona a me kahi manawa e kahe e pili ana i kahi hoa ʻai ʻehā ma mua o nā hoaaloha.
2. I waena o nā hiʻohiʻona kūpono, kūpono no ka nānā ʻana i ka helehelena (a i ʻole ma waho) i ka lio. ʻO kēlā ʻano lio he ʻano nani a nani, haʻaheo a nani hoʻi, a me ka lauoho neʻe, i hana ai i kahi lio gypsy ke koho maikaʻi no ka mahalo. ʻO ke ʻano nani o kēlā mau lio i ka harness maʻamau.
3. He mau gaits hāmeʻe ʻo Tinkers, kahi hoʻokahi wale nō e ʻōlelo ai i ka ʻoluʻolu o kā lākou hoʻohana ʻana i ka holo ʻana i kahi lio a i ʻole ka hana ʻana i kahi hui.
4. ʻO ka noho mālie a me ka mālie o nā lio e hāʻawi i ke gypsy harnesses i kahiʻano hoihoi. He helehelena hihiu, i hui pū ʻia me ka lokomaikaʻi a me ka hoʻopiʻi ʻana i ke ʻano e hana ai i nā tinkers kahi koho maikaʻi loa no ka holo ʻana i nā haʻawina.
5. Ke maʻalahi a me nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa. ʻO kēia ʻano, ma muli o kāna kumu mōʻaukala, he mea wiwo ʻole i ka meaʻai a me nā kūlana i ke kauwela a i ka hoʻoilo. ʻO ka mea nui ka mālama ʻana i nā holoholona me ke aloha a me ka mahana ʻoluʻolu.

He lio maikaʻi ʻo Tinker, akā he pū nō hoʻi. Loaʻa i kēia ʻano holoholona i kāna mau drawings, pono e kia pono i ka:

1. ʻO ke kumukūʻai kiʻekiʻe. Hōʻalo ka mea nui i nā puaʻa lio he nui i ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi lio gypsy breed. I kēia manawa, aia nā lio i ka nalu o ke kaulana, e hoʻonui ana i ka noi a, me ia hoʻi, ke kumukūʻai.
2. ʻAʻole i kūpono no ka hoʻokūkū. ʻOiai he mea maikaʻi nā lio gypsy harness no ka holo ʻana, e hana ana i nā harnesses a me nā lole maʻalahi, ua kūpono ʻole lākou no ka holo lio.

Hiki iā mākou ke ʻōlelo he lio ʻōiwi ʻo tinker. ʻO kēia ʻano, ʻoiai ia ka mea kūʻai ʻia, he mau mea maʻamau i ka meaʻai a me ka mālama a ʻaʻole pono e hana i nā kuʻuna kūikawā. Loaʻa i nā holoholona nā hanake ikaika (no kēia me ka hakakā ʻole o nā gypsies i ke kamaʻilio ʻana i ko lākou mau lio), ka nani maoli o ka mane a me ka huelo. Ua ʻike ʻia kēlā lio he hoa aloha nui i nā keiki a me nā pākeke, ma muli o kona ʻano maʻalahi a me ka ʻoluʻolu.

ʻO ka hoʻopiʻi ma mua o ka uku no ka loaʻa ʻana o nā mea liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi. ʻO ka mea nui ka hoʻoholo ma ke kumu o ka kūʻai. Inā ʻo ka hana nui, ʻo ia ke komo i ka holo lio a me ka haʻuki, ʻaʻole ʻo Tinker ka koho maikaʻi loa, akā no ka hoʻohana ponoʻī ʻana, ka holo lio a paʻa wale paha i ka mahiʻai, ʻo Irish cob kahi koho nui.

ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona nui o ka pua

Maikaʻi: nui ka laulā nui: mai 1.35 m a 1.6 m.

Kōkuhi: no ka hapa nui - piebald, akā aia nā kala ʻē aʻe. ʻO luna ma luna e uhi ʻia me nā wahi keʻokeʻo. Ma lalo o ke kaʻi nui, ka ʻili, ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, he hina ka hina, a ma lalo o ka lole keʻokeʻo e ʻulaʻula.

ʻAiʻao: hunchbacked profile, he poʻo ke poʻo a me nā pepeiao lōʻihi, nā ʻāʻī ikaika, nā ʻumiʻumi liʻiliʻi. Maloʻo maloʻo, ikaika ikaika a maloʻo. ʻO nā wāwae ikaika a ikaika me nā puʻu ikaika. Ma nā wāwae he nani nā pīhoihoi lōʻihi. Ma kekahi manawa ke hōʻike ʻia nā wāwae hind e kahi "bipi kau." ʻO ka huelo, puhaka a me ka mane ka pua a mānoanoa.

Pili: lio lio Hiki i nā hui Tinkers ke hoʻohana ʻia ma ka harness a me ke aloha. Hoʻohana ʻia nā Mares e like me nā kahu hānai no ka manuahi o ka pua holo holī. He waiu wai nui nā Irish cob mares a loaʻa kahi hoʻomaha, kahi hopena e pono ai ke ʻano o nā keiki hou.

Nā hiʻohiʻona: ke waiho nei i ke ola nomadic o nā gypsies kona hōʻailona ma nā tinkers - lilo lākou i mea ikaika, paʻa ʻole a paʻakikī. ʻO nā hōkū kapa lio he mau leʻaleʻa maʻalahi. He poʻe maikaʻi maikaʻi lākou.

Nā hiʻohiʻona waho o ka ʻano

Loaʻa nā lio Gypsy draft no kā lākou lōʻihi, mānoanoa, i kekahi manawa curly mane a me ka huelo.

He ʻokoʻa nā ʻokoʻa o ka Tinkers i loko o ka ʻano, akā aia nō kekahi mau hiʻohiʻona maʻamau maʻamau i nā conu Irish. ʻO ka mea mua, he kino kino a ʻo ke ana liʻiliʻi. Hiki i ke kala ke waiho wale ʻia, akā pili pinepine ka piebald. Kaulana kaulana nā lio Gypsy draft no kā lākou lōʻihi, mānoanoa, i kekahi manawa curly mane a me ka huelo, a me nā lei nani hoʻi i ko lākou mau wāwae i uhi piha ʻia nā hoove a hoʻomaka mai ka hulina. I ka lā maikaʻi a me ka lepo, e pale nā ​​pale i nā wāwae o nā ʻōpū.
Wahi a ke ʻano ʻano pua: "He cob maoli kahi kamaʻāina, e like me ka hackne, me nā kuʻekuʻe wāwae ma kona mau wāwae, e like me nā lewa a me nā kūleʻa puʻu, he poʻo e like me ka Wobob."
Ma USA, ua mahele ʻia nā ʻalā he 3 mau pūʻulu: "mini-Gypsy" - nā lio nona ka lōʻihi ʻaʻole iʻoi aʻe ma 1,22 m, "Gypsy Kino" - mai ka 1.42 m a i ka 1.55 m a me "Gypsy Grand" - nā mākaʻi o ka hua kiʻi gypsy mai 1.55 m a i luna.

Nā hiʻohiʻona a me nā hiʻohiʻona

ʻO nā lio Tinkers keʻoluʻolu a me nā lio phlegmatic. I kekahi manawa - he paʻakikī loa i mea e hoʻoulu ai iā lākou. ʻO Gypsy harness kahi koho maikaʻi loa no nā poʻe holo holomua. Eia kekahi, pinepine i nā hippodromes racing, hōʻoluʻolu a me ka mālie o nā lepe Irish i hele pū me nā lio nīne i ka pahu hoʻomaka, hōʻoluʻolu iā lākou ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hoʻokūkū. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻo Tinker mares i mau kahu hānai no nā ʻīlio pua purebred i ka ʻōnaehana no ka meaʻoi aku ka huhū o mua o ke ʻano o nā lio pure.

Nahuih a me ke kiko

I ka ʻike ʻia ʻo ka ponies kekahi o nā kūpuna o nā tinkers, ʻaʻole hiki i nā lio Gypsy ke hoʻokūkū i ka kūlana kiʻekiʻe. I ka awelika, ʻo ko lākou kiʻekiʻe ma ka maloʻo e loli i ka 135 a 160 cm. ʻO nā holoholona me ke kiʻekiʻe 155 cm kapa ʻia nā "kupuna", mai 142 a 155 cm - "ʻōpio", a ma lalo o 142 cm - "mini".

ʻO ka nui o nā lio, hiki ke lōʻihi mai ka 240 a 700 kg. ʻO ke ʻano nui ʻokoʻa ma waena o ke kumupaʻa e wehewehe ʻia, ma ke ʻano multifaceted o ke ʻano ʻano a me ke ʻano. He pīhoihoi loa o Koby. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia lākou e kahi mana ikaika, hoʻokūkū ikaika, kahi ʻike maopopo ʻia o ke kua corset ikaika, kū ikaika, akā ʻaʻole lōʻihi, ke kahe ʻana ʻana i loko o ka puʻu kiʻekiʻe.

He mauʻu liʻiliʻi kēia mau holoholona, ​​ʻōlima, akā i ka manawa like me ka ʻāʻī mānoʻo, nā ʻāʻī liʻiliʻi, ke poʻo nui a mau pepeiao hoʻi. ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona o nā ʻelele o ka hua i wehewehe ʻia ke hele ʻana o kahi ʻumiʻumi liʻiliʻi i waiho ʻia ma lalo o ka iwi haʻahaʻa.

ʻO ka hulu o nā pua he lauoho maoli ʻulaʻula, hoʻoneʻe, ʻulaʻula a me ka huelo hoʻokahi. ʻO kā lākou mau wāwae nui nui e uhi ʻia me nā hulu manu maikaʻi loa. Hoʻonui ʻia ka kala o nā cobbs i ka puka - he mālamalama a i ʻole, i ʻole ka uhi ʻia o ke kino ʻūʻele me nā wahi o ka ʻae kūlike. Akā, hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa pinepine i nā lio o nā kala ʻē aʻe.

ʻAiʻaka a me nā ʻano maʻamau

ʻOiai kekahi o ka ikaika, ikaika a me ka palaualelo a waho, loaʻa i ka poʻe hua pua gypsy ke noho mālie, maluhia, a me ka wehe ʻana i ka phlegmatic, kahi e hiki ai iā ia ke hoʻohana iā lākou no ke aʻo holo ʻana. He mālie lākou, hoʻoluʻolu, wikiwiki i nā poʻe, e pane maikaʻi i nā keiki ʻōpio.

Ma muli o kēia ʻano, maʻalahi nā holoholona e hoʻokele a hoʻokele. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻo Tinker mares i mau makuahine hānai no nā ʻīlio lio, mai ka wā o ka mares purebred, ma muli o ko lākou ʻano ʻino, e hōʻole pinepine i ka hānai i kā lākou mau pipi.

E nānā pū i nā hiʻohiʻona o nā lio ʻē aʻe:

Hoʻohana

Ma keʻano holoʻokoʻa, hōʻike ʻia nā kobes Irish he mau lio wīwī, mālie, aloha a aloha ʻole i kahi nui no ka hoʻokae a me ka holo ʻana. Ua kaulana nā Tinkers no kā lākou palupalu "gait" a me ka hiki ke lele maikaʻi.

ʻEnele ka lio ʻlelo nui, ua hoʻohana nui lākou no:

• lio holo ana
• hoʻolele ʻia
• māla mahiʻai
• hana hou i ka poʻe e loaʻa ana i nā maʻi like ʻole.

ʻO kēia mau ʻōiwi i hōʻike ʻia, he koho maikaʻi loa ia no ka lawena pua aloha, a no ka poʻe e hoʻomaka ana i ka ʻike o kēia mau holoholona kupaianaha a kupaianaha.

Loaʻa a me nā ponoʻole

• Loaʻa i nā lio Gypsy draft he mau pono nui, ma waena o ia mau mea ʻoi like me ka huaʻī puaʻa ʻike.
• stamina, ikaika kumukānāwai, nunui loa,
• mālie, kūpono, kūpono ʻole.
• nani, nani a nani
• hopohopo i ka malama ana a me ka malama ana.
• ka maʻalahi a me ka maʻalahi i ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana a me ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana,
• nā mea hana honua, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ma lalo o ke aloha a me ka hana ʻana.
• ʻalohi, haʻalaha hanohano.

• Akā naʻe, ʻaʻole like ka hoka no ka hua.
• ke kumukuai nui o na lio hipa,
• nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o nā lio,
• ʻano hanana phlegmatic.

ʻOiai ʻo nā koi mālama haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, i mea e mālama pono ai i ke olakino maikaʻi a maikaʻi hoʻi o kēia ʻano lio, pono lākou e hoʻonohonoho i nā kūlana ʻoluʻolu.

ʻO ka hānai kūpono

ʻO ka koho ʻana i nā lio gypsy, e hoʻoholo nui ʻia e kā lākou hana, me ka manawa o ka makahiki.

I ka wā mahana, pono e hoʻomoʻa i nā ʻōmaʻomaʻo a me nā lau hou i ka meaʻai o nā holoholona.

I ka hoʻoilo, ua hānai ʻia nā lio me ka hehi, ka palu o ke kau - ka ʻaka, ka palaoa, ka i hui ʻia, ʻai me ka ʻai mea. E noʻonoʻo e hoʻokomo i loko o ka papa ʻaiā kolamu a me nā paʻapū mineral e pili ana i nā huaora B, D, C a me ka calcium. I kēlā me kēia lā, pono ʻoe e mālama i nā tinkers me kahi liʻiliʻi, 30 g, mahele o ka paʻakai, e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke hoʻihoʻi i ka kaena wai-alkaline o ke kino.

I ka wā o ka hana kiʻekiʻe, ʻo ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana a i ʻole hele wāwae nā ʻūhū nui a, ma muli o ke nalo ʻana ka nui o ka umauma. No ka paleʻana i ka dehydration, pono e hoʻolako i nā lio Irish me ka wehe ʻole o ka wai.

He nani maoli nā nani o nā Tinkers, nani a ʻoluʻolu hoʻi i kēia mau lā a kaulana i nā mea a pau o ka honua. Hoʻohālike lākou i ka paipai ʻole o waho, kūleʻa, ikaika, kino nui, a ma ka manawa like a ua pololei lākou i ka hoʻonaninua ʻana i ka meaʻai a me ka mālama, he poʻe ʻoluʻolu lākou no ka holo ʻana.