Asini wai
Kahi ʻano ʻepekema

• ʻOha aku aquaticus aquaticus
• ʻO Asellus aquaticus carniolicus
• ʻO ka caricus ka inoa asellus
• Asellus aquaticus cavernicolus
• ʻO Asellus aquaticus cyclobranchialis
• Asellus aquaticus infernus
• Asellus aquaticus irregularis
• Asellus aquaticus longicornis
• ʻO Asellus aquaticus messerianus
• ʻO Asellus aquaticus strinatii

ʻO ka hoki wai maʻamau (lat. Asellus aquaticus) - kahi ʻano o nā wai kai mai loko mai o ke ʻano o nā mea i ʻike ʻia ʻo ka isosome crustaceans.

ʻO keʻano

ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kino o ka pākeke wai pākeke mai 10 a 20 mm. ʻOi aku ka nui o nā mele ma mua o nā wahine. Ma ke poʻo he 2 mau maka facet maka a me nā huina o nā antennas. ʻO nā antennas o ke kiʻi mua ka mea pōkole, nā antennas o ke lua lua i kokoke i ka lōʻihi o ke kino. ʻO nā mandibles ikaika ka asymmetric (e like me nā peracarids), ma luna o kekahi o lākou (hema) aia kahi plana maʻa. ʻO ka ʻōnaehana neʻe a ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia no ka ʻāʻī ʻana i ka meaʻai, a me ka ʻehā o ka ʻūlū aihihi - no ka hana ʻana. Palp o ke mandible ʻehā ʻāpana. ʻElua mau wāwae o ka maxillas, ka māhele mua ma thoracic, i hui pū ʻia me ke poʻo, e halihali ana i ka iwi. ʻO nā wāwae thoracic (thoracopods) ʻehiku mau wāwae - alakaʻi ʻia nā ʻekolu i mua, ke aʻe - a i nā ʻaoʻao, a me ke koena ʻekolu - i hope. Ma ka ʻaoʻao mua o nā wāwae pectoral i ʻole e paʻa ai nā laka hewa. ʻOi aku ka nui o nā wāwae o ka wāwae ʻehā i nā kāne, a hoʻohana ʻia no ka ʻaole. Ma ka mua o ʻehā mau wāwae o ka haki pectoral, i nā ʻehā wahine i hoʻohui ʻia i nā lau - oostegitis, e hoʻokumu ana i kahi keʻena brood (marsupium). ʻO nā ʻōpū pūpū o nā ʻōpū o nā ʻōpū o nā wāwae ʻelua i hoʻonohonoho ʻokoʻa i nā kāne a me nā wahine. Ua hōʻemi nui ʻia nā wāwae o ka wahine mua i ka wahine, ʻo ka lua - ua hōʻemi loa ia. I nā kāne, ua loli ikaika nā mea ʻelua i kēia a hana i ke ʻano o kahi mea hana copulative. ʻO ka lālā waho (exopodite) o ke kolu o nā wāwae o ka ʻōpū i hoʻololi ʻia i kahi kaila e uhi ana i nā kumulāʻau gill - ka lālā o loko (endopodite) o ke kolu o nā wāwae a me nā wāwae o 4-5 mau ʻaina. ʻO nā limu ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū (6th pasangan) he uropods, he mau lāʻau like lākou, he lāʻau i loko o hope a hana i ka hana naʻauao. ʻO nā ʻāpana āpau o nā ʻōpū, koe wale nō ʻelua mau ʻāpana o ka mana, i hoʻohui ʻia me ka tele telona i loko o ka ʻōpū maʻamau - pleotelson.

ʻAno hānau

I ka wā hoʻomaha, mālama ke kāne i ka wahine no kahi hebedoma hoʻokahi, e noho ana ma kona kua. Ma hope o kēia, hana ka copulation, a laila molts wahine. Hoʻopau nā wahine i nā hua 100 a lākou e halihali ai me lākou i loko o ka ʻeke palepa. Haʻalele nā ​​crustaceans ʻōpio i ka peke ma hope o 3-6 mau pule, i kēia manawa ke lilo lākou e like me nā holoholona makua. ʻO nā embryos a me nā lālani mua pae (decoys) e puka mai ana mai nā huao he mau appendages kūikawā ma ke alo o ka umauma - paha mau mea kime embryonic. I loko o ke keʻena brood, hana ka larva i ʻekolu mau molts, a laila puka ka wai ʻōpiopio i kālai ʻia i loko o ka lumi.

Hoʻaiho

Noho ka hoki a ka wai i loko o nā wai wai kūloko. ʻAi ia i nā ʻāpana ʻaina o nā mea kanu, he mea ʻole i ka maikaʻi o ka wai a paʻakikī loa. Hiki iā ia ke ola no kekahi manawa i loko o ka wai i nā hōʻemi o nā hoʻohaʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa loa a i ʻole ma lalo o nā kūlana anaerobic. ʻO ka hoki nā wai wai kahi hōʻailona o nā kino wai hoʻohaumia nui, akā hiki ke noho ʻia ma nā waikahe o nā loko, nā muliwai a me nā kahawai me ka wai mākaʻikaʻi. Ke maloʻo nā kōkuhā, pohō i ka lohi. Hiki ke loaʻa ka hoki o ka wai i ka makahiki a puni ka makahiki, aia ma lalo o ka hale i pau ai.

Ke noho maʻamau

Hoʻohana ka poʻe ʻōmaʻa wai i ko lākou mau wāwae ʻaʻole no ka ʻauʻau ʻana, akā no ka neʻe ʻana ma ka ʻaoʻao lalo. Noho lākou ma ka lalo a piʻi i nā mea kanu wai. Nānā nā holoholona, ​​akā i ka pōpilikia hiki iā lākou ke ulu ʻino. Hiki iā lākou ke pale i nā kaha ikaika a holo i ka wā o kēia manawa. I loko o nā mea hoʻopukapuka me nā kahe o ka holo ʻana o ke kiʻekiʻe o 5 cm i kekona, ʻaʻole lākou e noho lōʻihi no ka manawa lōʻihi. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ma kēia kahe o ka kahe ʻana o ka nui o ka pīpī mai nā wahi make o nā mea kanu e like me ke kumu o ka pono no nā hoki nā wai. ʻO ka hoʻomakaʻana o ke ola he 1 makahiki.

E like me nā mea ʻē aʻe o ke ʻano macrobenthos, mālama pinepine lākou i ka iʻa iʻa ma ke kaulahao meaʻai. I ka manawa like, hiki iā lākou ke lawe i nā mea acantocephalosis o ka iʻa, inā e loaʻa iā lākou ka maʻi maʻaAcanthocephala) Nui nā ʻano o nā invertebrates carnivorous, e like me nā leopesa, nā pū wai wai, etc., e hānai i nā hoki o ka wai.

ʻAuhea e noho ai ka hoki a ka wai?

ʻO ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo isopods ka mea nona ka ʻaluna i ʻike ʻia i noho i nā kahakai o nā loko, nā loko a me nā ʻīlio hoʻi i ko mākou ʻāina.

I ka wai me kahi papa, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka maʻamau, ʻoi aku ka makemake o ka wai e kū. ʻAʻole lawa ka poʻe wai wai e like me ka nui o nā crustaceans - me nā haʻalulu, akā hele i ka neʻe ʻana i mua. I ka wā ʻauʻau, ka paʻa ʻana o ka crustacean i ke kino i kahi kūlana.

I loko o nā koolaola, holo wikiwiki kēia mau mea hana, e ʻoluʻolu maʻalahi i nā wāwae anuanu a kau i mua i 4 antennas. Inā hoʻokaʻa ʻia ka crustacean mai ka wai ʻole, holo lohi iki ʻia ma lalo o ke kaumaha o kona kino. ʻAʻole ikaika kona mau wāwae e kū iā ia e hele ma luna.

ʻO ka hoki huluhulu wai, e like me nā isosomes ʻē aʻe, he kino melemelu loa. Ma ke poʻo he 2 mau aniani mau aniani, nā maka māmā a me nā ʻā. ʻO nā wāwae hōʻiliʻili Thoracic liʻiliʻi. I nā wahine, ʻo nā wāwae o ka pectoral mua i nā lau ia mau lau, kahi e kū nei me ke kuapo kekahi. Hōʻalo pinepine nā wāwae hīkele o nā palupalu, a i kekahi manawa ua ʻoki ʻia e nā ʻenemi, akā i ka hoʻoilo ʻana o nā wāwae e hoʻoponopono hou ʻia, ʻoiai ka nui o ka liʻiliʻi e liʻiliʻi iki ʻia ma mua o nā mea'ē aʻe.

ʻO ka hānai pipi

ʻO ka papa ʻai ka mea kanu pala. ʻO ka pālahalaha nui ʻana o nā hoki wai no ka mea, ʻaʻohe lākou e koi ana i nā kūlana ola, no ka mea, ua nui nā mea kanu i nā wahi a pau. Ke kanu nei nā mea kanu i ka crustacean e ʻai ma ka ʻaoʻao. Kuki lākou i nā palu palupalu mai nā mea kanu, a koe wale nō ka lace, kahi o nā ʻāpanaʻehā.

Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻo nā hoki i nā mea kanu ola. Akā ʻo ka hapa nui o nā hoki o ka wai e noho maoli ma kēlā mau wahi wai i loaʻa ai ka nui o nā lau e hina ai. Makemake kēia mau mea i nā lau o ka alder, elm, oak. Akā makemake lākou i nā weʻe liʻiliʻi loa. Nā meaʻai punahele - nā algae filamentous, kahi e kāʻili ai i lalo o nā wai i loko o nā wai a me nā pua aku. Hoʻokele ka hoki i kahi lā i kahi nui o ka meaʻai, ʻo 5% kona paona. Ma ke ola holoʻokoʻa, hoʻopau ka hoki i ka wai e pili ana i 170 milligrams o nā meaʻai kanu.

ʻO ka mea nui o nā hoki wai i ka ola o nā wai wai wai

ʻO kēia mau mea liʻiliʻi he mea nui ia i ke ola o nā wai wai i ka nahele a me nā wahie ala lāʻau o kā mākou ʻāina. ʻO nā hoki nā wai i loko o nā mea liʻiliʻi e hiki ai ke hoʻohana i nā lau ʻoki a hoʻohuli i kā lākou ikehu i nā puka i hiki i nā meaola ʻē aʻe. Ke hana nei kēia mau crustaceans i ka hana like me nā ʻōwili honua, ka mea e hoʻomāloʻo i nā lau hāʻule, nā wai ʻōkō wale nō e hoʻoiho i nā lau i hāʻule i loko o ka wai.

Inā nui nā kue o ka lau i hāʻule, ulu nā wai e hoʻopiha i nā nui. Ma o kā lākou biomass, hiki iā lākou ke noho i ka wahi mua ma waena o nā mea ola ʻē aʻe. No ka laʻana, ma ka Rybinsk Reservoir, ʻo lākou nā hui nui o nā meaola lalo.

Hoʻomau ka poʻe kahu i nā mea kanu i loko o nā lau, a i ka manawa like i lilo i mea maikaʻi loa no ka iʻa. ʻIā mau ʻia kēia mau crustaceans i loko o nā ʻōpū o nā ruffs, nā kalapu, nā mea kanu hipa, nā ʻapo a me nā iʻa keʻokeʻo. Ma Sakhalin, nā kai nā wai ka kumu o ka meaʻai burbot. Ma ka loko o Baikal ka nui o ka manu o kēia mau crustaceans. He kahiko loa kēia loko, ʻaʻole i hoʻopili ʻia me nā wai wai ʻē aʻe, a he mea kupaianaha kona hohonu a me kona nui. ʻO ka hapanui o kēia mau ʻano crustaceans e noho ana ma ka loko o Baikalikal he ʻano kūʻokoʻa; ʻaʻole i ʻike ʻia ma nā wahi wai ʻē aʻe, ʻo ia nō ka hopena o ka Lake Baikal. Noho ka poʻe kai ʻo Baikal ma ka puʻu ma waena o nā pōhaku a ma lalo o nā pōhaku, no laila ʻaʻole lākou i hiki ke lawa ʻia ka iʻa.

ʻO ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana o nā hoki wai.

ʻO ka mea pili e pili ana i ka hoki o ka hoki mai ke kai kūlohelohe he kumulāʻau manu, e haki ana i ka lāʻau a hoʻopau i nā hana lāʻau. I waho, he ʻano like ka lāʻau lāʻau lāʻau. Ma ka ʻākau a me ka moana o Far East, he 4 mau ʻano o kēia mau crustaceans. ʻO ka hale kahi o nā mea hana lāʻau, he mau lāʻau lāʻau a me nā moku lāʻau. Ke hana nei nā crustaceans i ka neʻe ʻana i ka lāʻau me ke kōkua o kā lākou ʻili kīʻaha, e ʻānai ana, e like me ke kānāwai, ke kauwela, nā ʻāpana palupalu, a waiho i ka hoʻoilo. Hōʻalo lākou i nā pauku i nā lāʻau lāʻau i ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o ka laulā o ko lākou mau kino a holomua ma o nā ʻāpana o ke kauwela o ka ulu ʻana o ka lāʻau. Pili nā neʻe a pau i ka ʻenehana me hoʻokahi a i ʻole nā ​​lua. I kēia mau neʻe ʻana, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā manawa wahine, i ka lōʻihi o ke kino e hōʻea i 5 a me nā kāne liʻiliʻi. Akā ʻo ka lāʻau, ua hōʻino ʻia i ka nui o nā wahine. ʻO ka papa lāʻau i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia e nā crustaceans e lilo i lohi a spongy, ma muli o kahi o nā huahana lāʻau e lilo i kona ikaika.

I ka neʻe like ʻana, e māhuahua ka ulu lāʻau. Koho ʻia ka ulu ʻōpio mai nā pauku a ʻauʻau koke me kona ʻaoʻao dorsal i lalo me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā wāwae ʻōpū. ʻAʻole neʻe ʻoi aku nā holoholona ʻōpio ma mua o 1 mika mai ko lākou wahi i hānau ai. Hoʻopau maikaʻi kēia mau mea pili i ka moana.

Inā loaʻa ʻoe i kahi hala, e koho i kahi ʻāpana a me ka paʻi Ctrl + Kākau.

Habitat moi

Loaʻa ka hoki kai nona Crustacean ma luna o ka ʻāpana o nā aneane a pau o ʻEulopa, ma Central Russia a me Caucasus. Noho nā ʻōpū liʻiliʻi i loko o ka wai wai, makemake ʻia nā wai liʻiliʻi me ka papa lūlū, nā loko a me nā loko. Hiki iā lākou ke loaʻa iā lākou i loko o nā puddles nui. Hūnā nā pipi i nā ululā o nā mea kanu a ma lalo o nā pōhaku.

Inā nui ka mea kanu make, a laila noho nui nā kerustaceans ma loko o nā helu he nui. Ma kahi pahu pākahi, hoʻokahi a 7 tausani kanaka. Rotiki algae a sedge wale nō ka meaʻai no crustaceans. Ke ʻohi lākou i kēia mea kanu, hōʻiliʻili i nā mea kanu i loko o lākou iho, a laila maʻa lākou i ʻai ai i nā iʻa like ʻole. He nui nā ʻenemi nona nā crustaceans liʻiliʻi. E pili ana kēia:

Kahi nā ʻōmaʻomaʻu wai a hiki ke noho i ka wai me ka hoʻoliʻiliʻi ʻana ma o ka oxygen. Inā maloʻo ka wai, a laila malō nā kerustaceans a i ʻole paha i loko o kahi puʻuwai e hoʻomanawanui ai a hiki i ka ua.

Hōʻona noho

Hoʻopili maoli kekahi poʻe aloha i ka ola aquatic i nā hoki i loko o kā lākou hale. He mea hoihoi loa kēia mau mea holoholona e nānā. No lākou, kūpono kahi liʻiliʻi haʻahaʻa, kahi i ninini ʻia ai ke one a waiho ʻia nā pebbles liʻiliʻi. ʻO ka hapalua o ka reservoir e kanu me nā mea kanu.

Inā hoʻohana ʻia ka aquarium i kahi lōʻihi, a nui aʻe nā mea kanu i loko, ʻaʻole hiki ke hānai ʻia nā hoki, no ka mea e hānai i kēia mea kanu.

No ka lawaiʻa ʻana

Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia nā hoki na ka wai wai ma ke ʻano he mea hānai ʻaiʻai, ʻoiai he liʻiliʻi iki e hoʻohālikelike ʻia me kā lākou mea eʻai ai. Ma muli o ka maʻalahi o ka chitinous layer o nā crustaceans e palupalu kekahi, nā ʻano iʻa like ʻole e ʻai iā lākou. Hoʻohana nui ʻia nā poʻe aquarist e hānai i nā iʻa i hikiʻole ke mālama.

No nā hoʻoulu ʻia crustaceans 10−20 i hoʻokumu ʻia ʻia nā kānaka i kahi pālahalaha ākea me ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa nāwaliwali. Pono i nā wahine he nui nā kāne. Mālama ʻia ka lalo o nā mea ʻona me nā lau i hāʻule ai a me nā manina o nā moʻo Java. ʻO ka ʻai no nā crustaceans hoʻohana i ka hercules a me nā ʻāpana o nā lau.

I kēlā mau kūlana, hoʻohālikelike nā crustaceans. E hānai iā lākou i ka iʻa, ʻokiʻoki lākou i nā lau ka mea e noho nui ai nā hoki, a holoi iā lākou i loko o ka hale aku me ka iʻa.

Nui o kēlā me kēia moho o nā holoholona hihiu e nānā no ka nānā ʻana. Hiki i nā hoki wai keu ke lilo i meaʻai wale no ka poʻe noho o ka aquarium, akā e hoʻolilo ʻia i mau holoholona.