ʻO ka Hippopotamus kekahi o nā holoholona nui loa ma ka honua. 'O ka lua ia i nā elepani ʻApelika. Hiki iā Rhino ke hoʻokūkū ma ka nui a me ke kaupaona. ʻOiai me kā lākou mau mea hoʻoweliweli a me ke kaumaha koʻikoʻi, hiki i nā hippos ke wikiwiki nui a me nā holoholona weliweli.
No ka manawa lōʻihi, ua manaʻo ʻia ka puaʻa i nā kūpuna a me nā hoahānau o nā rhinos. Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole i lōʻihi i ka manawa, zoologists - noiʻi nā noiʻi i kahi ʻano kupaianaha loa o ko lākou pilina me nā kohola.
ʻO ka kumu o ke ʻano a me ka wehewehe
ʻO Hippos nā mākeke o nā holoholona chordate, ka papa o ka mammals, ke kauoha o artiodactyls, ka palapala hoʻomehana o nā puaʻa ʻole-ruminant, ka ʻohana hippo.
Kūʻē ʻo Zoologist i ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ka holomua o kēia mau holoholona. Ua ʻōlelo ʻia e nā kānaka ʻepekema ʻo nā neʻe o nā ʻohana hippo, he like me nā hippos i kēia manawa, i ka honua ma mua o nā ʻelima mau makahiki i hala aku nei. ʻO nā kūpuna kahiko o nā holoholona, he mau ʻāʻihi lākou, ka mea i kapa ʻia he conditioner. Ua alakaʻi lākou i kahi nohona kū hoʻokahi, ma ke ʻano kū hoʻokahi.
Nā hiʻohiʻona a me nā hiʻohiʻona
Kuhi: holoholona holoholona Hippo
ʻO ka paona o ka hippo pākeke he 1200 - 3200 kilogram. ʻOi aku ka lōʻihi o ke kino ʻelima mau mika. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka huelo e pili ana i 30-40 cm, ʻo ke kiʻekiʻe ma nā maloʻo ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o hoʻokahi a me ka hapa mika. I ka holoholona, ua haʻi ʻia nā dimorphism. ʻOi aku ka nui o nā keiki keu a ʻoi aku ka momona. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia nā kāne e nā ʻapo lōʻihi.
He manaʻo hoihoi. Ke ulu nui nei nā kāne male i ko lākou ola. Hoʻopau nā wahine i ka ulu ʻana, hiki i ka 25 mau makahiki.
ʻO ka ʻōniʻoniʻo ka ʻili o nā holoholona, he hina paha, a he hina paha i kahi pua ʻōmaʻomaʻo. Loaʻa nā pāpale hina-pink i nā maka a me ka pepeiao. ʻO ka papakū o luna o ka ʻili o ka ʻili a maikaʻi loa, i ka pili a lākou e hiki ai ke loaʻa iā lākou ka hōʻeha a me nā hōʻeha ma ke ʻano o nā hakakā. Inā ʻaʻole, ua ākea ka ʻili o ka holoholona.
ʻOi hikiwawe ka ʻili o nā holoholona i nā hulu a me nā aniani sebaceous. Aia nā ʻōleʻa mucous e huna i kahi huna huna ʻulaʻula. No ka manawa lōʻihi ua manaʻoʻiʻo ʻo ia ke koko me kahi hoʻohui. Eia naʻe, i ka wā o ke aʻo ʻana i nā hana nui a me ke ʻano kino o nā holoholona, ua loaʻa ua ʻike ka mea huna i hui pū ʻia me nā waikawa. Mālama kēia wai i ke kino o ka hippo mai ka lālani i ka lā Aferika, e hoʻihoʻi ana i nā hihi ultraviolet.
ʻO nā holoholona liʻiliʻi a pōkole loa nā wāwae me nā wāwae pūnaewele. ʻO kēia keʻena o ka wāwae i hiki iā ʻoe ke hilinaʻi a neʻe koke i ka wai a me ka ʻāina. He poʻo koʻikoʻi a koʻikoʻi ka Hippos. Aia ka pālāpili i kekahi kanaka ke hiki i ʻona. Loaʻa nā maka, nā pepeiao a me nā ihu o nā holoholona i hiki iā lākou ke noho i loko o ka wai no ka manawa lōʻihi. Ke hoʻopiha piha loa, nā ʻuʻuku a me nā maka o ka hippos i kokoke, e pale ana i ka wai e komo.
ʻO nā māka ikaika loa nā Hippos e wehe i kahi kiʻekiʻe 160. Hoʻopili ʻia nā mākupu me nā kuku nui a me nā mea manuahi. ʻO kā lākou lōʻihi i ka hapalua mika. Ua koi maoli nā niho, no ka mea o ke kaʻina ʻana o ka meaʻai aʻa ua koi mau ʻia lākou.
Aia mahea kahi o ka hippo?
Kiʻi: ʻO Big Hippo
E like me ka noho ʻana, koho nā holoholona i ka ʻāina kahi i loaʻa ai nā kino wai. Hiki iā ia ke pulupulu, nā muliwai, nā loko. Pono ka lōʻihi o ka lōʻihi o ko lākou hohonu, e like me nā holoholona e hoʻomaʻemaʻe pono iā lākou iho i ka wai. I ke ao, makemake paha nā holoholona e hiamoe a kākahi paha i ka lā, i ka wai pāpaku, a e ʻole hoʻi i nā palu lapuwale nui. Me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka pouli, makemake nui nā holoholona i ka ʻāina. Hāʻawi ka holoholona i nā makemake i nā loko paʻakai.
ʻO nā wahi ʻona o ka wahi holoholona
I kēia manawa, noho kaʻawale nā holoholona ma ke kāʻei o ka ʻĀpana ʻAmelika, hema hema o Sahara, me ka ʻike ʻole ʻia o ka mokupuni o Hawaiʻi. Mai ka ʻumikūmāiwa o kēia kenekulia, ʻaʻole i loli ka noho ʻana o nā holoholona. Holo wale ʻo Hippos mai ka ʻāpana o ka ʻAmelika Hema. Noho wale nā poʻe ma nā wahi i mālama ʻia i loko o nā wahi kūlima a me nā wahi i mālama ʻia.
Hoʻopau ʻo Hippos e pale i ke kai. He mea ʻokoʻa ia no lākou e noho i loko o nā hale waiwai. Pono nā holoholona i loko o kahi wai e lawa ai ka nui e hoʻonoho ai i kāu pipi, a ʻaʻole hoʻi e maloʻo i ka holo ʻana o ka makahiki. Pono nā Hippos i nā awāwa mauʻu ma kahi kokoke i nā kino wai e lilo i kumu no ke olakino no nā holoholona. Inā make ka wai wai i ka manawa o ka nui o ka pō, ua holo nā holoholona a ʻimi e huli i kahi ʻē aʻe.
He aha nā mea a ka hippo e ʻai?
Kuhi: Hippopotamus ma ke ʻano
He holoholona nui a ikaika loa. Ke po pouri, hele nā holoholona i ka ʻāina e ʻai. Hāʻawi ʻia i ke koʻikoʻi a me ke koʻikoʻi o ke kino, pono lākou i ka nui o nā meaʻai. I ka manawa hiki iā lākou ke ʻai a hiki i 50 kilokikā o nā mea kanu kanu. Ma keʻano holoʻokoʻa, a ʻekolu mau kenekulia o nā mea kanu like ke komo i ka ʻai o nā holoholona. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole kūpono nā mea kanu i nā meaʻai no ka hippos.
I ka nele o nā meaʻai, hiki i nā holoholona ke uhi i kahi mamao. Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke haʻalele no nā wahi lōʻihi a lōʻihi loa. ʻO ka meaʻai o nā holoholona me loko o kahi ʻokoʻa o nā mea kanu i kanu ʻia - nā pua o nā pua, nā ʻohe, nāʻu, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. ʻAi lākou iā lākou i nā aʻa a me nā hua o nā mea kanu, no ka mea ʻaʻohe o ka lākiki e ʻili a kāʻei iā lākou.
I ka awelika, hoʻokahi ʻai o nā holoholona e lawe maʻa heʻehā a me ka hapa hola. ʻO nā lehelehe nui, nā lehelehe kikokiko e hoʻokō pono i ka hana o ka hopu ʻana i ka meaʻai. ʻO ka laulā o kahi lehelehe e kiʻi i ka hapalua mika. ʻAe kēia e hāʻawi iā hippos i ka hōʻoluʻolu ʻoi aku i nā mea kanu ulu ʻole. Hoʻohana ka nui o nā niho nunui i nā holoholona e like me ka pahi e kālai ai i ka meaʻai.
ʻAi ʻia ka ʻai ʻana i ke kakahiaka. Ma hope o ka ʻai ʻana, hoʻi ka hippos i ka loko. Homi aku ʻo Hippos i kahi iʻoi aku ma mua o ʻelua mau hola mai ka noho waiwai. ʻO ka nui o ka meaʻai i kēlā me kēia lā e pono ai ma ka liʻiliʻi o 1-1,5% o ke kaupaona kino. Inā ʻaʻole eʻai nā lālā o ka ʻohana hippopotamus i nā meaʻai a pau, e hoʻonalo lākou a nalowale i ka ikaika.
I nā mea ʻokoʻa ʻole, loaʻa nā hihia i ka ʻai ʻana i ka io e nā holoholona. Eia nō naʻe, hōʻohewa nā zoologists ʻo ia ʻanoʻano ka hopena o nā pilikia olakino a i nā mea ʻē aʻe mai ke ʻano maʻamau. ʻAʻole hoʻolālā ka ʻōnaehana o ka hippo e hoʻomoʻa i ka ʻiʻo.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o ke ʻano a me nā ʻano hana
Kuhi: Hippo i ka wai
ʻO Hippos nā holoholona holoholona a noho i kahi hui. Hiki i ʻokoʻa ke helu o nā pūʻulu - mai ʻelua a ʻekolu ʻekolu paha a ʻelua ʻekolu paha. Aia mau kāne ke poʻo i ke poʻo āpau. Ke koi mau nei ke kāne koʻikoʻi i kāna alakaʻi alakaʻi. ʻO nā ʻaumua pinepine a hakakā i ka hakakā ʻana no ka pono i ka mua, no ka pono no hoʻi ke komo ʻana me ka wahine.
Hoʻomaʻo pinepine ʻia ka maʻi hippo i nā hōʻeha lehulehu i hōʻeha ʻia e nā ʻāpana ikaika a koʻikoʻi. Ua hoʻomaka ka hakakā ʻana no ke alakaʻi ma waena o nā kāne i ka wā e hiki ai lākou i ka makahiki ʻehiku. Hōʻike ʻia kēia i ka yawning, wili, ke pālahalaha ʻana i ka manure a me ka hoʻopake ʻana i nā ʻūhā. No ka maluhia a noho mālie hoʻi i loko o nā pipi ka wahine.
He mea maʻamau no nā hui e noho i kahi āpau i kahi e holo ai lākou i kahi āpau holoʻokoʻa o lākou. I ke ao o ka lā, hiamoe nui lākou a ʻauʻau paha i ka ʻōpala. A poʻeleʻele, puka lākou i waho o ka wai a ʻai. ʻO ka mea maʻamau no nā holoholona e hōʻailona i ka ʻāina ma o ka hoʻolaha ʻana i ka manure. No laila, he hōʻailona lākou i ke kahakai kahiki a me ka ʻāpana kalā.
I loko o kēlā holoholona, kamaʻilio nā holoholona me kekahi me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kani like ʻole. Hana lākou i nā leo like me ka uē ʻana, ka ʻāʻī ʻana, a i ʻole ka uwē ʻana. Hoʻopuka kēia mau kani i nā hōʻailona like ʻole ma ka ʻāina wale nō, akā i ka wai hoʻi. Kūlou ke poʻo me ke poʻo i ka hoʻomana ʻo ia o nā lālā he nui a ʻoi aku ke ao o ka hui.
He manaʻo hoihoi. Pono nā Hippos i kani kani i ka wā a hoʻopiha piha ʻia lākou i ka wai.
I ka manawa pinepine i ka wai o ka holoholona i loko o ka wai, hoʻohana ʻia e ia he nui o nā manu e like me kahi lawaiʻa. He hui maikaʻi kēia i ke kōkua ʻana, ʻoiai e haki ana nā manu i nā hippos o ka nui o nā iniseti e kuhi ana i ka kino o ke kanaka nui.
ʻO ka Hippos wale i ka nani mua ke ʻano he kikowaena a he kikino. Hiki iā lākou ke wikiwiki i ka 35 km / h. ʻAʻohe mea kuhi ʻia ua ʻike ʻia nā holoholona like ʻole o ka makana a me ka weliweli ma ka honua. Hiki i ka mana ākea a me nā huluhulu nui ke hoʻokō ʻo ia me kahi alligator nui i loko o ka manawa. ʻO ke kūpilikia nui loa nā kāne makua kāne a me nā wahine, ma hope aʻe o kā lākou pēpē. Hiki i ka hippo ke hehi i kāna mea ʻuʻewa, kuʻu hope, hoʻopā iā ia me nā hua manu nui, a huki wale iā ia ma lalo o ka wai.
ʻO ka hoʻolālā ʻenehana a me ka hana hou
Whakaahua kiʻi: Hippo Cub
ʻAʻole kūlike ʻo Hippos i nā pā lōʻihi lōʻihi. Akā naʻe, ʻaʻole pono lākou i kēia, no ka mea he nui ka wahine i ka wahine ke huli. Koho nā kāne i kahi hoa no ka lōʻihi lōʻihi a ma ka mālama. ʻIke lākou iā ia, sniff. ʻO ke koho o kahi hoaaloha a me nā ʻahaʻohana e puʻuwai ʻole, ka ʻikepili a me ka mālie. E hoʻāʻo nā Males e pale i nā hakakā me nā poʻe ikaika aku. Aia ke pane ʻana o ka wahine i nā lewa malū, alakaʻi ke alakaʻi iā ia i ka ʻaoʻao. ʻO kahi mamao aku ia o ka pūʻulu, e hoʻokau ka hoʻāhewa i kekahi ʻano kūlike a hoʻomau. ʻO ka hele ʻana o ka lawehala ma ka wai.
Ma hope o nā lā 320, hānau ka pēpē. Ma mua o ka hānau ʻana, he ʻano aʻe ʻino loa ka wahine. ʻAʻole ia e hoʻokuʻu i kahi mea ʻē aʻe. I mea e hōʻino ʻole ai iā ia i kāna pēpē ʻole, ʻaʻole ʻo ia e ʻimi i ke kino wai. Ua hoʻi hou ʻo ia me ke keiki i ʻelua mau makahiki o ka ʻōpio. He liʻiliʻi a nāwaliwali nā pēpē hou. ʻO kā lākou nui ma kahi o 20 kilokilā.
Mālama ka makuahine i ʻoi loa iā ia e pale i ka cub, me ka mea i manaʻo ʻia he mea maʻalahi lākou ma waena o nā poʻe predator i nele i ka wiwo ʻole e kūʻē i nā pākeke, nā hippos ikaika. Ma hope o ka hoʻi ʻana i ka bipi, mālama pono nā kāne a me nā kāne ikaika i nā pēpē. Hoʻokomo ʻia nā bipi waiū momi i hoʻokahi makahiki. Ma hope o kēia manawa, hui pū lākou i ka meaʻai maʻamau. Eia nō naʻe, alakaʻi ʻo hippos i kahi ʻano kaʻawale ʻē aʻe ma hope o ka hiki ʻana i ka wā akilele - ma kahi o 3-3.5 mau makahiki.
ʻO ka awelika ola ʻo nā holoholona i nā kūlana kūlohelohe he 35-40 mau makahiki. I nā kūlana kūlohelohe, hoʻonui ʻia e 15-20 mau makahiki. Aia kahi pilina pili ma waena o ka manaʻolana a me ka holoi ʻana o nā niho. Inā holo nā niho o ka hippo, ua hiolo nui ka manaʻolana i ke ola.
ʻO nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe o hippos
Hoʻi kiʻi: Hippo ma Africa
Ma muli o kona nui nui, ka ikaika a me ka mana, ʻaʻole i make nā hippos i nā ʻenemi i nā kūlana kūlohelohe. Hiki i nā mea maʻi ke hoʻomaluhia wale no nā cubs, me nā mea maʻi a nāwaliwali paha. He mea pōpilikia nā Crocodiles i nā hippos, kahi hihia inā hiki ke hōʻeha i nā lālā o ka ʻohana hippopotamus, nā liona, nā hyenas, nā leopards. Wahi a nā helu helu, mai ka hewa o kēia poʻe kuhi e make mai 15 a 30% o nā poʻe'ōpio a i hoʻokahi makahiki. I ka manawa pinepine, ma lalo o nā kūlana o nā pipi pipi, hiki i ka pākeke ke hehi.
ʻO ke kumu nui o ka pōʻino a me ke kumu o ka paipai anuanu o ka nui o ka hippos i ke kanaka a me kāna mau hana. Ua hoʻopau ʻia ka holoholona i nā holoholona he nui ma muli o ka ʻai. I nā ʻāina he nui o ʻAmelika, ʻo nā kīʻaha i hana ʻia mai nā ʻiʻo hippo i manaʻo ʻia he mea momona. Hoʻoh like ia i ka puaʻa, a me nā mea ʻono e like me ka pipi. ʻO ka waiwai nui loa ka ʻili a me nā iwi o ka holoholona. ʻO nā mea hana kūikawā no ka hoʻoulu ʻana a me ka ʻoki ʻana i nā pōhaku makamae mai ka ʻili, a ʻo nā iwi he waiwai nui a ʻoi ʻia ka waiwai ma mua o ka ivory.
Ke ʻano o ka noho ʻana a me nā ʻano
Kuhi: Hippopotamus
I nā makahiki i hala aku nei, ua emi nui ka heluna kanaka hippo, ma kahi o ka 15-20%. I ka māhele ma kahi o ʻekolu mau ʻāina he ʻumikumamālua, mai 125,000 a 150,000 mau kanaka e noho nei.
ʻO nā kumu nui no ka hoʻemi ʻana i ka nui o nā holoholona:
- Poaching. ʻOiai ʻo ka pāpā ʻana i kēia luku make holoholona, make ka nui o nā holoholona mai nā kānaka i kēlā me kēia makahiki. Ua ʻoi aku ka nui o nā holoholona e noho ana ma ke kula ākea.
- ʻO ke kahe o ka noho pono. E hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ke ʻano o nā wai wai wai, nā wahi wai, a me kahi loli i ke ala o nā muliwai e make ai nā holoholona, no ka mea, ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke huakaʻi i kahi lōʻihi. ʻO ka hoʻomohala ʻia e ka poʻe o nā ʻāpana mau ʻāina nui aʻe, ma muli o kahi e hoʻemi ʻia a me ka loaʻa o nā pūnaewele hōʻiliʻili.
He kiaʻi Hippo
Hoʻi kiʻi: Hippo Red Book
I nā wahi kahi e noho ai nā hippos i nā helu he nui, ʻohi ʻia ka hopu holoholona no kēia mau holoholona. ʻO ka hoʻokae ʻana o kēia koi i hoʻopili i nā kuleana a me nā hewa. Eia pū, i mea e hoʻonui ai i ko lākou helu, e kūkulu ʻia ana nā wahi kīwaha a me nā wahi e pale aku nei, aia ia e pale ʻia. Eia kekahi hana pono e nānā ʻia no ka pale ʻana i ka maloʻo ʻana o nā kino wai wai.
ʻO ka hippopotamus wale nō ka mea i kākau inoa ʻia ma ka Puke Hoʻomaʻo honua. Hāʻawi ʻia iā ia ke kūlana e noho ai ma ka wā piha. ʻO ka helehelena, nā helehelena, ka lōʻihi o ke kino a me nā nui o nā kauka hippo i pīhoihoi a hoʻoikaika i ka makaʻu. Wahi a nā helu helu, hele pinepine ʻo Hippos i nā poʻe ma mua o nā mea āpau ʻē aʻe o ka ʻāina o ʻAmelika. I ka huhū a me ka huhū, he holoholona weliweli a hoʻomāino nui ka holoholona.