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Giop isantod - ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke hūnā i nā kao lāʻau i lalo o kahi hāpū palupalu!
https://animalreader.ru/gigantskiy-izopod-takuyu-mokr ..

ʻO ka isopods Giant, i kapa ʻia hoʻi ʻo cephalopods a i ʻole isopods, nona nā genus Bathynomus. Ma kēia ʻano ke.
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He aha ka nānā ʻana o ka makika lāʻau nui loa i ka honua?

ʻO waho, e hoʻomanaʻo mau nā kao lāʻau nui i ko lākou mau kamaʻāina ʻāina maʻamau, i kapa ʻia kekahi manawa he “watermelons” i waena o nā kānaka.

Eia nō naʻe, aia nā hiʻohiʻona o kona kino kiki.

ʻO ka ʻokoʻa ʻokoʻa ma waena o ka isopods a me nā hoahānau liʻiliʻi o ka ʻāina, ʻo ia ka hele ʻana o ka "ʻehā" ākea a me ka lōʻihi o ka pūnaka, ʻo ka hiki ke kau i nā wahi pōkole. ʻAʻohe o nā makika lāʻau loiloi i kēlā mau peʻahi, akā ʻo ka crayfish maʻamau iā ia.
ʻO nā wāwae o ka lālani lāʻau nui e paʻa me nā pale ikaika, ʻaʻole naʻe i hoʻohana ʻia no ka hoʻouka kaua a pale paha. Pono lākou no ka maʻalahi o ka neʻe ʻana ma ka ʻaoʻao o kahi pālima a i ʻole nā ʻōpio.
ʻO ka mahalo, nā kime lāʻau nunui nā maka nui a me nā maka maikaʻi. ʻAʻole maopopo loa ke kumu e pono ai iā lākou ma ka hohonu o kahi a lākou e noho ai, akā mau nō ka mea - ke ʻike maikaʻi nei lākou nā isopods nui.

Eia kekahi, i ka hihia o kahi pōʻino, hiki i kahi līa lāʻau nui (a me nā mānina ʻāina liʻiliʻi) ke kahili i kahi pōpō, ma hope o ka mālama ʻana i nā āpau palupalu a me ka loaʻa o kona ʻōpū e pale ʻia e nā pā exoskeleton ikaika.

Giop isantod - ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke hūnā i nā kao lāʻau i lalo o kahi hāpū palupalu!

ʻO ka isopods Giant, i kapa ʻia hoʻi ʻo cephalopods a i ʻole isopods, nona nā genus Bathynomus. I kēia ʻano ʻōpiopio, ʻeiwa mau ʻānō mau ʻano.

Loaʻa nā ʻelele a pau o kēia moʻomeheu i nā ʻāpana like ʻole o ka Atlantika i ka hohonu o ka haneli a me kanahikukahi mau, a ʻelua a mau hapa hapa. Akā ka hapanui o kēia mau mea kaaka i ʻike ʻia ma kahi hohonu o ʻekolu haneli a ʻehiku haneri a ʻehiku haneri a me kanalima mau mita.

I ko lākou helehelena, ua like nā isopod ʻano like me nā lice lāʻau. Akā he “liʻiliʻi” ka nui o ka ulia ʻo isopod ma mua o ka poʻe noho o nā kīhini a me nā hale inu hūnā ma lalo o ka lole umauma.

Hiki i ka isopods ke ulu a piʻi i ka hapalua mika, a ʻo ka paona o ka nui i loaʻa i ka pākuhi he 1,7 kg. ʻO ka lōʻihi o kēia hihiu he 76 kenimita!

ʻO kēia mau holoholona moana he hiʻohiʻona nani o ka gigantism hohonu hohonu. Noho mau ka leole wale i ʻike ʻia kēia mau mea nui, ʻaʻole i nā hale, akā hohonu loa i loko o ke kai.

Isantod Isopod (Bathynomus).

I ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ua lawe mua ʻia kēia mau mea hana nui no ka lāʻau lāʻau i ka ʻumikūmāiwa ʻumikūmāiwa. ʻO ia ka mea i wehewehe mua ʻia e ka zoologist Farani Alfons Milne-Edwards. I laila kiʻi ʻia i kekahi isopod kāne ʻōpiopio nona ka haʻahaʻa o ke kikowaena o Mexico. ʻO ka ʻike ʻia ʻana o kēia ʻano mea ola o ke kai ua hōʻole maoli i ka manaʻo, pālahalaha loa i ka hopena o ke kenekulia ʻumikūmāiwa ʻumikūlapa, ua ola ka hohonu o ke kai.

I kēia manawa, ʻano like ʻole ke ʻano o ka manaʻo o ke ola o ka moana, no ka mea, ʻo ia kahi o nā kino o nā ʻiʻo nui, ke kupapaʻu o nā kohola a me nā mea ola ʻē aʻe ma hope o ka pau ʻana o ko lākou ola. He mea hiki ʻole ke noʻonoʻo ʻia e kekahi e "mālama" i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana o ke kai. ʻO nā isopod pīpī kekahi i lawe i ka kuleana no ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i ka hohonu o ka moana Atlantika. ʻAʻole paha kēia ka pou hanohano, akā pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia ka ʻai ʻana o ka isopods nunui ʻaʻole i ka kalrion wale nō, akā, ma nā ʻuʻuku, nā kukuna moana a me nā holoholona ʻē aʻe, ʻoi aku ka wikiwiki o ka wikiwiki.

ʻO ka isopod kaulana ka manaʻo o ka isopod ka nui ma ka honua, ʻoiai ʻo kekahi mau mea e aʻo iki ʻia.

He kūlohelohe wale nō ʻole o ka nui o nā meaʻai i ka papakai kai, ʻoiai, ʻaʻole maʻalahi loa ka loaʻa ʻana o ka pouli pouli. I ka nānā ʻana aku o kēia, ʻo nā isopods kūpū ka manawa e kū pono ai i ka pōloli, a kūpono ka hoʻohuihui ʻana i kēia ʻāpana o ke ola o ko lākou ola.

Ua hoʻokumu ʻia nā noiʻi o nā isopods keu hiki i kēia mea hohonu hohonu ke hana me ka ʻole o ka ʻai no ka manawa ʻewalu mau pule. Akā inā loaʻa kēia kīpika i ka meaʻai nui, e hele ana i ka wā e hele mai ai ka isopod i kahi nui nui, a laila ma kēia hihia eʻai loa ia. Pono au e ʻōlelo ma nā kupapaʻu o nā kohola make, a kokoke hoʻi i nā hiʻi nui, hiki i kekahi mau manawa ke ʻike i kahi o nā isopod nui i hoʻopau ʻia i ke kino make.

ʻAʻole hoihoi nui ka Isopods i nā lawaiʻa ʻoihana.

Inā pilikia ka isopod, kūlike ʻo ia e like me ka pōpō, no laila e hilinaʻi pono iā ia iho i nā ʻenemi hiki. ʻO kēia ʻāpana he nui o nā ʻāpana. ʻO ka hui mua o lākou ke hoʻohui pū me ke poʻo. A ʻo nā ʻāpana haʻahaʻa, hana lākou i kekahi mea e like me ka pale huelo, aia ma luna o ka ʻōpū i poki ʻia ai.

ʻO ke kino maoli wale nō ka mea nānā i ka isopod pīhoihoi ka nui o nā mea nona ia mea: nui, pūlō, a me ka māhele ʻole o ka ʻehā mau alo. Aia ka pilina i kekahi me kekahi, aia lākou ma kahi mamao lōʻihi loa mai kēlā me kēia, e hāʻawi ana i nā maʻi kania me ka ʻike mua maikaʻi. Eia kekahi, i loko o ka waihona o ka isopod kūloko he ʻehiku mau wāwae o nā wāwae a ʻelua paha o nā antennas. Hoʻohana ʻia ka pipi mua mua o ka isopod i hoʻohana ʻia e ia he "ʻokiʻoki", a me kā lākou kōkua me ka crustacean e lawe mai ai i ka meaʻai i nā huina ʻehā o kāna mau ʻāpana. ʻO ka ʻōpū o kahi isopod pīpī i ʻelima mau ʻāpana.

Ua uhi ʻia ke kino o ka isopod ʻano ʻoi ka nui o ka ʻūhā waho a me ka ʻoi loa.

E like me ka ʻike ʻana mai luna mai, ʻo ke ʻano o ka isopod kaulana a mahalo nui ia. E like me nā wahine, loaʻa pū nā pēpē i mea ulu a ulu i nā hua e lohi ai.

Ma ke ala, he hua manu o ka isopod nui ʻike ʻia ʻo ka nui loa o nā invertebrates e noho nei i nā wai kai. ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, pono nā hua i ka pale mai nā mea nāna e hoʻohoka ʻole i ka hoʻāʻo. No kēia kumu, lawe pū ka wahine me kāna mau hua a pau i loko o ka ʻeke palaka, ke kali nei no ka manawa e ulu ʻia ana nā isopods liʻiliʻi mai nā hua.

ʻAʻole i ʻike ʻia ka lōʻihi o kēia manawa. He ʻike wale ʻia na lākou e puka mai ʻaʻole me ka hua ʻōiwi, akā me ka ulu ʻōpio ʻōpiopio paʻa maoli.

ʻO Giant isopods kahi hiʻohiʻona maikaʻi o ka gigantism hohonu hohonu.

ʻO ka kiko kūmole o ka isopod kūloko

Ke ʻōlelo nei i ka ʻōlelo ʻepekema i ka ʻepekema, ua ʻike ʻia kekahi kino dorso-ventral i luna ka isopod nui. Hoʻokaʻawale ke ala i ke kino i nā keʻena, i ka laulā, ʻo kona kumu pili i ka hoʻolālā o ka peracarid. ʻEkolu mau tagmas e hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale: pleon, reon a me ke poʻo. ʻO ka poʻo i nā ʻāpana ʻelua o ke poʻo ponoʻī a me ka māhele mua o ka umauma (thorax) i hui pū ʻia me ke poʻo. Hoʻokomo ʻia nā ʻāpana ʻehiku ʻehiku i loko o ka pua. ʻO Pleon kahi pūpū ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū (ʻōpū) a ʻeono ma nā ʻāpana he ʻeono, a me ke kīkaha hoʻi - telson. ʻAno ka Carapax i ka isopod kūlia.

Nā Hoʻolālā Giant Isopod

ʻO ke poʻo o ka isopod kūlohelohe he mau appendages waha (maxillopods, maxillae, paragnates, mandibles a me labrum). ʻO ka ʻōwili waha e pili ana i ka ʻano prognathic (ʻo ia hoʻi, ua kuhikuhi ʻia i mua) a e pili ana i ke ʻano gnawing. Ma ke alo, ka hoʻopuka ʻia ʻana o ka waha e puni e ka labrum (luna aʻe), ma hope o ka paragnates, a ma nā ʻaoʻao i nā mandibles. ʻO nā mandibles ka mea hana nui no ka ʻoki ʻana i ka meaʻai. A laila, aia ka maxillules, maxilla, a me ka maxilla ma ke kino.

ʻO ka wehewehe mua ʻana o ka isopod o kēia ʻano genus i ka makahiki 1879 e ka zoologist Farani Alfons Milne-Edwards.

Papana

ʻO ka wehewehe mua ʻana o kēia ʻano mea i paʻi ʻia i ka makahiki 1879 e ka zoologist Farani Alfons Milne-Edwards. He keikikāne ke ʻano no ka wehewehe ʻana ʻO Bathynomus giganteusi hoʻouna ʻia iā ia e Alexander Agassis, me nā ʻiliʻili ʻē aʻe o ka huakaʻi crustacean o ka moku Blake ma ke Kihi o Mekiko i ka makahiki 1877. He hopena hoihoi kēia no nā ʻepekema a me ka lehulehu, no ka mea i kēlā manawa ke manaʻo nei i ka moana hohonu a “asoy” hou i hōʻole ʻia i ka hana a C. Thomson. ʻAʻole hiki i ka wahine ke hopu a hiki i ka makahiki 1891.

ʻĀina

ʻAʻole mahalo nui ka Isopods i nā lawaiʻa ʻoihana ma muli o ka hopu liʻiliʻi, a no ka mea ua nui ka nui o ka isopod i hoʻopuni ʻia e ka poʻe scavengers ma mua o ka lawe ʻia ʻana i ka ʻike. Ua like nā ʻelele o kēia ʻano ʻano me ka lāʻau lāʻau maʻamau, pili lākou. Nui mau spimensia i kahakai mai i ka kapakai o ʻAmelika a me Iapana e hoʻohana ana i nā pahele me ka maunu e ʻike ʻia i kekahi manawa i loko o nā hale kanu lehulehu.

ʻO keʻano

ʻO Giant isopods kahi hiʻohiʻona maikaʻi o ka gigantism hohonu hohonu. ʻOi aku ka nui o lākou ma mua o nā isopods maʻamau, ʻo ka maʻamau ʻaʻole eʻoi aku i ka 5 cm ka lōʻihi. Nā ʻōpiopio Mokuahiau Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale i "buta", nā pākeke kanaka maʻamau e ulu mai ka 8 a 15 cm ke lōʻihi, a me nā ʻano he "super-giant", kahi e ulu ai nā pākeke mai ka 17 a 50 cm. ʻO kekahi o nā "poʻe nunui nunui" - B. giganteus hiki aku i ka lōʻihi awelika he 19 a 36 cm, a ʻo ka hapa nui o nā poʻe i hopu ʻia i hiki i ka lōʻihi o 76 cm ke kaupaona ana he 1,7 kg.

I ko lākou kūlohelohe, ua like lākou me ko lākou mau ʻohana terrestrial - nā loʻo lāʻau. Uhaʻi ʻia ko lākou kino ma ke kuhikuhi dorso-ventral, a uhi ʻia me ka exoskeleton i loaʻa ʻole i ka limu, a me ka hana e pā nui ana. E like me kekahi o nā mea hana lāʻau, hiki iā lākou ke ʻū i loko o ka "pōpō", no ka mea, ʻike wale ʻia ka pale maloʻo wale nō. ʻAe kēia iā lākou e pale iā lākou iho e kūʻē i nā mea hana hoʻāʻo e hōʻalo i kahi haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa. Hoʻopili ʻia ka māhele mua o ka ʻāpana a me ke poʻo, ka ʻāpana hoʻokaʻawale ʻē aʻe o nā pihi posterior me kekahi i kekahi, e haku ana i kahi pale ʻoi a puni ka ʻōpū i poki ʻia (hoʻopiʻi) ʻO nā maka he nui, aniani paha ma kahi kokoke i 4,000 ommatidia a mamao loa i ke poʻo. ʻElua mau papālua ma mua. ʻO nā wāwae umauma kūpeʻe ʻole pereiopods hoʻonohonoho ʻia i ʻehiku mau wāwae, ka mea i hoʻololi mua ʻia i ka ʻāʻī, ka ʻana i ka lawe a hoʻopaʻa i ka ʻai i nā ʻāpana ʻehā o nā wāwae. Ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ʻo Abdomain i ʻelima mau kāhea pleonitislawe pākahi nā wāwae ʻelua i nā wāwae honi pleopod, ua hoʻohuli ʻia kēia mau wāwae āpau i nā wāwae kaukau a me nā papa hana hanu pali e pāʻani ana i nā ʻano o nā mea kanu. ʻO ka pena kala o ka isopods ka mea maʻamau i pale a ʻōmaʻomaʻo.

Hoʻaiho

Loaʻa nā isopod Giant ma ka ʻaoʻao kai o ke Komohana Komohana mai Georgia (USA) a hiki i Brazil, a me ke Kaiā o Mexico a me ka Caribbean. ʻEkolu mau ʻanoʻano Atlantika kaulana B. obtusus, B. miyarei a B. giganteus, i ka hope o ka mea i hoʻopaʻa 'ia no ka poʻe o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa. ʻO nā ʻano ʻē aʻe Mokuahiau noho kūʻokoʻa i ka ʻāina Indo-Pacific. I kēia manawa, ʻaʻohe mea hoʻokahi ka ʻike e noho e noho ma ka Hikina Hikina a ma nā ʻāpana hikina o ka Pakipika. ʻO ka nui o nā ʻōiwi he nui (ʻelima mau ʻano) i ʻike ʻia ma ka hikina Australia. Eia nō naʻe, ʻoiai ke hoʻomaopopo pono ʻole ka laha ʻana o nā isopods nui, aia nō paha nā ʻāina ākea ʻē aʻe o ko lākou wahi noho me nā ʻano hou.

Ecology

He mea nui nā scavengers hohonu ka moana ma ka kaiāulu benthic. Ma ka maʻamau hiki ke loaʻa iā lākou mai ka palena sublittoralʻeleʻele i ka hohonu o nā mika 170 mau a hiki i ka pōʻeleʻele impenetrable o ka pelagic zone ma ke pae o 2140 mika, ma ka pae o nā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe a me nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa - a i ka ane o 4 ° C. Ua hōʻike ʻia aia kekahi mau ʻano o kēia ʻano i ka puʻu hohonu, no laila B. miyarei ola ma kahi hohonu ma waena o 22 a 280 m, aʻo liʻiliʻi B. decemspinosus ma waena o 70 a me 80 m, a B. doederleini wale no ka hohonu o 100 m. ʻO ka palapala kū loa no ka hohonu hohonu o nā isopods pīpī he 2500 m no B. kensleyi, akā hiki ke loaʻa kahi hiʻohiʻona like ma ka hohonu o ka 300 m a. Ma mua o 80% B. giganteus loaa ma kahi hohonu o 365 a 730 m. Ma nā wahi kahi i noho ai ka “nunui” a me nā "supergiant" ʻano, noho ka mua ma nā papa ʻāina nui, a ka mea nui i ka ʻaoʻao bathyal. Manaʻo ia ua makemake lākou i ka pālolo a palolo a lalo a alakaʻi i kahi nohona kūʻokoʻa.

ʻOiai ka mea nona ka isopods a me nā mea lawehala o kahi hoʻolaha ākea loa, no ka hapa nui lākou he karnivores a hānai i nā iʻa make, nā iʻa, a me ka ʻumi. Hiki iā lākou ke kau aku i nā mea hōʻeuʻeu a me nā mea pio ma ka wīwī lohi e like me nā kukama moana, nā sponges, radiolarians, nematodes a me nā zoobenthos, a hiki paha i ka iʻa ola. Ua ʻike ʻia e hoʻouka aku i ka hopu i loko o nā wahi iʻa. Ua lawe ʻia nā pōkole e pili ana i ka hoʻouka ʻana a isopoda nui a make i kahi quatran nui, kahi i hāʻule i loko o ka pahele hohonu. Hoʻopili ʻo Isopoda i ka maka o ka holoholona a ʻai mau loa. Ua hōʻike ʻia kēia mau kiʻi i ka 2015 i kekahi o nā episekole o ka Shark Week i kapa ʻia ʻo "Alien Sharks: Close Encounters". No ka mea, ua pilikia nui ka meaʻai ma nā hohonu hohonu, e hana ka ʻai ʻo ka isopod i ka waiwai e lawe mai ai iā lākou, a kūpono lākou i ka lōʻihi o ka pāʻina a hiki ke ola me ka ʻai ʻole no nā makahiki ʻelima. Ke hele pū mai kahi kumu meaʻai koʻikoʻi, ʻai nui ka isopod nui i ka nalo no ka nalo ʻana o kā lākou huhū. I hoʻokahi noiʻi, ua noiʻi ʻia nā ʻike digestive 1,651. B. giganteus. ^ E Ha yM. Loa ʻia ka ʻai pinepine ʻana i nā iʻa, a laila cephalopods a me nā decustods decapods, a i kekahi Caridea a Galatheoidea .

ʻO ka isopods Giantod i hōʻiliʻili ʻia ma ka ʻaoʻao hikina o ʻAmelika e hoʻohana ana i nā pahele i hōʻike i ka ʻano like ʻole. ʻO ka hohonu, ka liʻiliʻi o ka nui o nā ʻano a me ka nui a lākou i ka nui. ʻO nā Isopod i hōʻiliʻili ʻia ma nā hohonu hohonu o ke kapakai o ʻAmelika i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā kihi i ʻohi ʻia mai ke kahakai o Mexico a me India. Mai nā kumu pālapa ua ʻike ʻia kēlā Mokuahiau aia ma mua o 160 miliona mau makahiki i hala aku ma mua o ka hoʻokaʻina ʻana o ke kahua ʻo Pangea, ʻaʻole ma kēlā manawa i loko o nā hale ʻekolu a pau nā isopods ʻaʻole i ulu kūʻokoʻa, akā, mai ia manawa, e like me nā manaʻo o nā ʻepekema. Mokuahiau mai nā wahi mamao ʻē aʻe e pono ai e hoʻopuehu i nā ala ʻōiwi e like me nā, e nānā pono ʻia nā hōʻailona o nā ʻokoʻa ʻana. Eia nō naʻe, ua like like ko lākou ʻano like me ko lākou mau hiʻohiʻona (ʻoiai ua lawa nā ʻano ʻokoʻa no ke ʻano ʻē. Ua wehewehe ʻia kēia ʻano kūlike kuhihewa i ka hōʻike nui loa o ka hoʻomālamalama ʻana o nā keiki o kēia mau mea.

ʻAno hānau

He haʻawina no ka helu makahiki o nā makahiki ʻōpio a me nā pākeke B. giganteus ae ʻia e ʻike ʻike i ka piʻina o ka hana reproduction i ka mahina me ke kau hoʻoilo. Ma muli o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka ʻai i nā mahina kauwela. I nā pākeke kāne ʻelemakule wahine, he keʻena brood a i ʻole marsupium. ^ E Ha yM. Kūkulu ʻia nā paia o ka marsupium e nā sternites o nā māhele thoracic a hoʻoili ma luna o kēlā me kēia osteogytes - nā kūmole lamellar o ka māhele mua i ka crustacean thoracic. Ke kūleʻa nei nā isopods i waho mai Marsupium e like me nā kope o nā pākeke a ua kāhea ʻia nā decoy. ^ E Ha yM. Hoʻopuka piha nā decoys, akā nele i ka wāwae hope o ka wāwae pectoral.

Lāiau a me kaʻai kino

Noho ka lāʻau paipai nui loa o ka honua ma kahi hohonu mai 170 a 2000 mika. ʻO ka hohonu hohonu o ko lākou hopuʻana he 2140 mika.

Makemake kēia mau mea i ka noho ʻana i nā lepo lepo a i ʻole ka lepo lepo.

Kahi wale ka līa lāʻau nui i ko lākou ala ola, a kaʻawale kekahi me ka ʻike i ka moe. ʻAʻole lākou e hōʻike i ka huhū hilahila i kēlā me kēia ʻano o lākou, akā, ʻaʻole nō hoʻi lākou e paʻa pū.

Hiki i kahi isopods ke koho ʻia he mau ʻāpana o ka hohonu o ka moana: ʻo kā lākou kīʻaha nui ke koena o nā ʻōpala make, nā iʻa, ka iʻa, nā ʻeke, ke algae a me nā mea like ʻole i nā mea ola kino. Inā loaʻa i kahi māla lāʻau i ka huli ʻana o nā meaʻai i loko o kahi kolu o nā holoholona i lalo ʻole o ka wai - sponges, radiolarians, holothurians - ʻo ia, me ka hilahila, e ʻai iā lākou. Manaʻo kekahi poʻe loea e hiki i nā mokupuni hohonu e hopu i nā iʻa liʻiliʻi.

Hāʻawi ʻia i ka pohihihi nui loa o ka hohonu o ke kai a me ka liʻiliʻi o ka meaʻai i loaʻa ma aneʻi, ua maopopo no ke kumu ʻo ka isopods e hoʻohana ai i nā pōloli lōʻihi. No laila, no ka laʻana, i loko o ka hoʻokolohua, hoʻonoho ʻia kēia mau mea i loko o nā ʻakuna, me ka ʻole o ka hōʻino iā lākou iho, "wikiwiki" i 8 mau pule.

Inā hele mai ka lace lāʻau, no ka laʻana, kahi kolana o ka holothurians, a laila hiki ke kau i luna a hiki i ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ana no kona hiki ke neʻe.

ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona o ka hānau hou ʻana o ka isopods buta

Mau ʻano lāʻau lapaʻau nui i ka pūnāwai a me ka hoʻoilo. ʻO kēia ma muli o ka hopena o ke kauwela kauwela ua nui ka nui o ka meaʻai i nā hohonu hohonu.

Ma hope o ka moe ʻana, ua loaʻa i ka isopod wahine ka peke pahu kūikawā ma ka ʻōpū, i loko o nā hua e puka mai ka oviduct, paʻa ma laila a hoʻomohala hou. Ke waiho nei nā mea lāʻau ʻōpio i kā lākou makuahine makuahine i hana like me ka ʻokoʻa o nā pakeke a ʻokoʻa.

Hiki i nā poʻe'ōpio ke noho i kahi hohonu o ka pākeke.

ʻAʻole hōʻike ka wahine i kekahi hopohopo no ka huki ʻana mai nā hua. No kekahi manawa, e noho kokoke ana ke palaka ma kahi kokoke i ka makuahine, a inā i hānau lākou i kahi wahi me ka nui o ka meaʻai, hiki iā lākou ke lohi ma luna o nā lā he nui. Akā mai kahi wā'ōpiopio loa, ua waiho ʻia nā isopods i kā lākou mea hana ponoʻī a alakaʻi i kahi ʻano kūʻokoʻa kūʻokoʻa.

ʻO ka kiko kūloko o ka isopod kūloko

I loko o kāna hana pilikino, ʻike pinepine ka isopod kūʻokoʻa i kahi maʻi maʻi ʻoi aʻe ka maʻamau. ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona kikoʻī o ka isopod e pili ana i ka pā o ectodermal, nā naʻau a hope i hoʻoneʻe i hope, a i nā puʻu striated. ʻO ka manaʻo o ka isopod nui o ka isopod, e like me nā ʻano ʻē aʻe e hoʻohuli ʻia ana, e hoʻākāka ʻia e ka manaʻo maoli, ma muli o ka hala ʻole o ka carapace, e hoʻoneʻe ʻia ka hana hanu i nā pleopods. ʻO ka huaʻawa o ka isopod kūloʻo ectodermal a he wale wale nō nā lau hepatopancreatic he endodermal.

No ke aha kā lākou nui?

ʻAʻole hiki i nā ʻepekema ke hoʻomaopopo i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana i nā nui o nā kao lāʻau hohonu hohonu. Ua hōʻike ʻia kekahi maʻi e, no ka palaka ʻana o ka mālama ʻana i nā meaʻai ma nā hohonu hohonu, e hōʻea nā holoholona ma hope ma ke ʻano he nui, a ma mua o kēlā manawa e mālama ʻia ai lākou e ulu a nui.

Wahi a kekahi ʻano kumuhana hou, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka nui o nā mea kai o ke kai, ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi iā lākou e ʻae i ka pākōlū o ka ambient a me ke kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe. Hoʻohālikelike kēia i ka ulu ʻana o nā holoholona ʻāina e ulu nui ma ka wā e noho ana i ka ʻākau - ua kokoke ia i nā pou i loaʻa i nā mea kūʻai he nui, nā pinnipeds a kekahi mau māka o nā kauoha manu.

ʻO ka moʻolelo Fossil o ka isopod pīhoihoi

ʻO nā crustaceans pilikino, pili i ka isopod buta, ua ʻike ʻia ma ka wā hope o ka Triassic, i ka manawa i loaʻa ai ka ʻohana Cirolanidae, i ola i ko mākou mau lā, ʻoi aku. ʻO kekahi mau ʻelele o ka heterogeneous ākea a me ka palahalaha genus Palaega ua kokoke loa i ka isopod ʻano ākea.

He mea nui nā scavengers hohonu ka moana ma ka kaiāulu benthic.

ʻO nā makika lāʻau ʻē aʻe

No laila, e ʻōlelo ʻole, ʻaʻohe ʻāpana o nā "analogues" i ka nui o nā isopod kūloko ma waena o nā kaila lāʻau maoli. ʻO ka nui o nā ʻano mea kanu nahele kahi nui e noho ana ma nā tropic a i nā hihia kū'ē wale nō e ulu i 4-5 cm ka lōʻihi, akā ʻo kā lākou maʻamau maʻamau he 1-2 cm.

ʻO kēia kekahi ma muli o ka pono, e like me nā crustaceans a pau, ʻo ka makika lāʻau ka nui o ka pono o ka makika, a ʻo ko lākou nui ka nui o ka nui o ka make mai ka make i ka wahi maʻalahi, ma kahi nui o ke kino nui, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka ʻōpū o ka wai mai loko aku) . ^ E Ha yM. Eia kekahi, ʻo nā makika lāʻau a pau kahi meaʻai punahele no nā holoholona he nui loa, a inā hiki i nā ʻelele liʻiliʻi o kēia neʻe liʻiliʻi ke hūnā ma lalo o nā pōhaku, a laila ʻo ka nui o ka pale wale nō ka pale ʻana i nā ʻenemi.

Hiki ke maʻalahi i kahi mea hiki ʻole ke hoʻopili aku i nā kao lāʻau a me ka millipedes mai ka ʻohana glomeris. ʻOiai ke kino o ka lālani lāʻau i ka ʻāpana he 11, ua liʻiliʻi ka nui o nā pōpō, ʻo ka glomeris he 12-13 mau ʻāpana, kahi o ka peʻa, e like me ka scutellum, nui loa.

Eia kekahi mau kiʻi o ka millipedes mai ka ʻohana Glomeris (mai hūnā me nā lono lāʻau!):

ʻO ka mea mahalo, ʻo ka nui ka nui o nā kao lāʻau maoli nā mea kanu ʻoka. Ma muli o ka Ligia Oceanica, he ulu a hiki i 3 cm ka lōʻihi, a noho i nā wahi pāpū o ka moana Mediterranean a me ʻAmelika Akau. ʻAʻole e like me isopod pīkeʻe, Ligia oceanica hele mai nā kūpuna terrestrial, a no laila hiki ke kapa ʻia i nā ʻano lāʻau ʻano maoli.

Pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia ʻaʻole lāʻau lāʻau - ʻoi loa ka nui o ka honua - a i ʻole nā waiwai pāʻoihana. Ua hoʻāʻo nā mea aloha nui i nā mea āpau a ʻōlelo i ka momona o ka ʻāina e like me ka ʻopa i hoʻopaʻa ʻia. E kū'ē i kona ʻāina, ke manaʻo ʻia nā isopods pīpī: he ʻai maikaʻi kā lākou ʻiʻo e like me ka ʻiʻo lobster.

Eia nō naʻe, hāʻawi ʻia i ka loaʻa pinepine ʻana i ka pali a me ka hiki ʻole i ka lawaiʻa lawaiʻa, ʻaʻohe mea nui i ka ʻohi a me ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i nā isopod pīhaʻi.

Aloha nui mai ka Paleozoic

ʻO kekahi o nā punahele o nā paleontologists he trilobite, kekahi hanauna kahiko o nā palaka ʻokoʻa. ^ E Ha yM. O ka lōʻihi ka nui o nā ʻāpana he nui a loaʻa i ka 80 cm, a ma ke ʻano he hiʻohiʻona ia e like me nā kao lāʻau, he mea noho i nā ʻāpana polū a me nā kihi o nā kauwela o ke kauwela. He loea lāʻau paha ka huaʻala o ka trilobite fossil?

Nā mea inikia a iʻa paha

ʻAʻole ʻano hoʻohālikelike i ka lāʻau lāʻau lāʻau, aia nō lākou i ka papa o nā crustaceans. ʻO ka ʻokoʻa e ʻike ʻia me nā maka ʻōhule e like me kēia:

ʻAʻohe ʻēheu o ka kao lāʻau, i ka wā e like me nā iniseti āpau i loaʻa iā lākou ma ka liʻiliʻi i kahi ʻano hoʻohālikelike.
ua nui aku ko lākou mau wāwae - ʻumikumamāhā. ʻO nā āpau a pau, ʻokoʻa i nā wāwae o ka crayfish, kahi like no ka lōʻihi, no laila ua kapa ʻia nā trilobite a me nā kiʻi lāʻau isopods - isopods,
Woodlice hoʻonā me nā gills, ʻoiai ke noho nei lākou ma ka ʻāina. No kēia kumu, pono mau lākou i ka makika. I nā pepeti, hoʻopili pono ʻia ka ʻōnaehana hanu i ke ola ma ka ʻāina,
ke hele pono nei ke poʻo o kahi lāʻau i ka umauma i ka wā e like me nā iniseti, ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ia mai ke kino.

Loaʻa ka ʻekekema

ʻO nā holoholona lāʻau maikaʻi loa Woodlice. Akā e ʻike i kahi mau kenekulia brown brown i kau i lalo o kahi pākū i ʻole ka mea weliweli e like me ka nui o nā trilobites nui ma laila. ʻO ka maikaʻi ua make lākou i ka wā ma mua!

ʻAʻole naʻe e hiki i kekahi ke hoʻomaha: ʻaʻole ia i lōʻihi ma hope, i ka hopena o ke kenekulia 19, ua hopu ʻia kekahi holoholona hihiu i ʻike ʻole i ka ʻepekema mai ka hohonu o ke Kaiwaona. I nā pūnaewele o kahi moku ʻepekema hoʻohuli i ka isopod buta (he holoholona i like me ka makika lāʻau), hiki ke ʻai i ka iʻa i ʻoi aku ka nui. I ka makahiki 2010, ua hōʻea ʻia kahi hoʻohālike e nā ʻAmelika hinu, e hōʻea i ka nui o nā trilobites i hoʻopau - 75 cm!

ʻO kēia kahe lāʻau nui, ʻaʻole ia he makana lāʻau, ʻoiai ua like ia me ka like me ia. ʻAʻole like me kā lākou ʻāina a ua kuʻi ʻia nā kaikuahine i ka ʻona kai, he trilobite maoli kēia, nona nā kūpuna i noho ʻole ma ka ʻāina. Ma hope mai, ʻike ʻia nā holoholona ʻē aʻe o ka holoholona, e hōʻike ana i kona nohona - ka ʻ Pacificpika a me nā ʻĀina Initia.

Nui, nunui a nunui paha

ʻAʻole kaulana i ke ʻano he hoʻopiʻi kūʻokoʻa i ʻike ʻia ma luna o ka ʻaukā. "He aha kia nui!" a i ʻole "ʻAʻole ia, he mākela lāʻau nui loa!" ʻIke ʻole kahi poʻo huluhulu mākaukau kekahi holoholona hou, akā paʻa ka manaʻo ʻepekema naʻe naʻe i ka inoa o kekahi ʻano ʻike ʻike ʻole o ka hohonu o ke kai. Maunaloa kakana ʻo ka mea manaʻo he "nui loa." He kūpono kēia?

He mea like ko "nui", "nui" a "kanaka nunui" hoʻokahi a like nō ia, akā me ka nānā pū ʻana o ka etymology o kēia mau huaʻōlelo, hiki i kekahi ke hopu i ka ʻokoʻa i loko o nā ʻāpana a lākou e kamaʻilio ai.

ʻO ka mea mua mai ka ʻōlelo Slavic makemake loa "nui", ʻo ia hoʻi ka mamao o ke kani ʻana o nā hekili o ke hekili - 25 square square. km Hāʻawi ka helu helu maʻalahi i ka wahi o ka laha o ka lohe nui ʻana - ma kahi o 2 tausani mau mile kue.
ʻO ka huaʻōlelo ʻelua e hele mai i ka huaʻōlelo Slavic "kaiāulu", kahi i kapa mua ʻia ai kahi hōʻuluʻulu nui o nā kānaka, kahi ʻāpana kūwaho.male. ^ E Ha yM. Iukake «higiana» - «kamaaina»). ʻOiai inā ʻoe e noʻonoʻo ana i kahi hālāwai o nā kuhuna a pau o ka mokuʻāina ʻo Duma, ʻaʻole paha ia e noho i kēia hui ma kahi o 2 tausani mau mika. km No laila, ʻo ka "nui" mea liʻiliʻi ma mua o ka "nui".
Aia no ke kolu o nā huaʻōlelo, i koho ʻia no kahi pili hohonu hohonu o ke kai, ʻo ia kahi mea liʻiliʻi. ʻO kanaka "Giant" kahi kanaka maikaʻi loa, ʻike ʻia e ka nui o kahi kaiāulu o kāna ʻano ʻano. No laila, he mea pololei loa ʻo ka pili mamao o ka trilobite kaʻao, kahi ʻano kūʻokoʻa ia i ka ulu ʻana mai ka lika lāʻau liʻiliʻi, ua kapa mua ʻia ʻo ia. giganteus, isopod pīloi.

Eia nō naʻe, ʻo nā crustaceans ubiquitous, kahi mau lāʻau lāʻau terrestrial, hiki ke kapa ʻia kekahi o nā inoa "nui". ʻO “ka lehulehu” o ka poʻe e noho ana i nā ʻōpū like ʻole o kā lākou helu. ʻIke mau ʻepekema i kēia mau lā e pili ana i 3,500 mau ʻano lāʻau lāʻau lāʻau, inā ʻo ka nui o nā ʻano o nā isopod āpau (isopod) ma kahi o 10 tausani.

ʻAʻole ka lōʻihi o ke kino o ka nui o ka lāʻau lāʻau ma kahi o 2 cm a ʻo ka hapa nui o kā lākou mau ʻano e noho ana ma ka ʻāina. Leʻaleʻa nā pilina e pili ana i ka pono e hūnā maikaʻi a hoʻohana maikaʻi i nā pā liʻiliʻi. He mau ʻohana hānai wai nāu i hoʻi i ko lākou wahi i noho ai i ka wa kahiko a kapa ʻia lākou he "lice wood sea". Loaʻa ka nui o kēia mau holoholona i ka nui: ʻoi aku ka nui o ka lāʻau lice lingual e piʻi a hiki i 4 cm, a ʻo ka "louse lāʻau" nui loa - he mākaʻi kai - a hiki i 10 cm.

Ma o ka mānoanoa o nā papa geological

Ke noho nei nā hoahānau o nā trilobite, nā kākela lāʻau i mālama i ko lākou kino, kahaha nui a me kekahi mau ʻano hana.

I nā kauwela kauwela hiki iā ʻoe ke hālāwai me nā ʻelele hoihoi o kēia mau holoholona, ka mea e ʻike i ke kaua ʻana - ʻO Onanius cinereum. ^ E Ha yM. Ke uhaʻi nei, ke nānā nei lākou me he pōpō paʻakikī paʻakikī a noho lōʻihi. Hana ʻia ʻo ia ka hoʻopunipuni e lākou nā mea e mālama ai i nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe a mālama pono paha i ka māhu ma ke kino i ka wā maloʻo. ʻO kahi loaʻa nui i ka paleontology ʻo ia ka loaʻa i ka Leningrad Region o ka maikaʻi pona trilobite i mālama ʻia i loko o kahi kūlana "spherical" like. Ka mea i huli aʻe i ka lā o ko lākou manawa, ke hiki ke ʻano o nā ʻano trilobites i kahi pōpō.

Hōʻike pinepine ʻia ʻo ia i kahi hoʻouka ʻana i ka mea pio ola, he isopod ʻano nunui ʻO Bathynomus giganteus nui ka hānai ʻana i ke kalaiwa. ʻO ka hoʻololi ʻae like he mau mea kūpuna i ko lākou mau kūpuna fossil. Ma waena o nā kiʻina a me nā ʻano o ka waʻa kahiko i Suedia, ua ʻike nā paleontologists i ka "ʻimi" o ka trilobite no kahi holoholona lūlū manu, ʻoiai nā mea āpau i ʻōlelo mua i ka ʻai ʻo Paleozoic isopod hānai manuahi i nā mea make.

Ke waiho nei i nā trilobites e noho i kou makahiki Paleozoic i ke kai, ua hiki i ka ulu lāʻau kahiko ma ka ʻāina he 250 miliona mau makahiki i hala. ʻAʻole i ʻike ʻia i ko lākou nānā ʻana i kēlā manawa, akā, he 25 miliona mau makahiki i ko lākou nānā a me ka nui. No ka hoʻohālikelike: ʻaʻole i noho kekahi kanaka kūpono ma ka honua no hoʻokahi miliona makahiki.

Giant isopod a me ke kāne

ʻAʻohe kālā waiwai ka isopod. ʻOiai ke kūʻino nei o nā hoahānau pilikino o kēia mau kaʻi i ka lau lawaiʻa o nā ʻāina a me nā lawaiʻa, ʻaʻole kēia ka hihia me nā isopod nui no ka hohonu o kahi a lākou e noho nei.

Inā loaʻa ʻoe i kahi hala, e koho i kahi ʻāpana a me ka paʻi Ctrl + Kākau.

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