Loaʻa i nā kalala ke aniani ʻoi aku ka hana ʻoniʻoni, e ʻoniʻoni i kahi nani i loko o ke kai i loko o ke kai.

I ka huakaʻi, ʻoi aku ma mua o 6,000 mau kānaka i lalo o ka wai i loko o ka honua, a ʻo kekahi kekahi o nā ʻano o nā mea o ka ʻōpū.

ʻAneʻane nui ka ʻōpala

No laila, no kā lākou uluʻana pono lākou i nā kūlana piha: lawa pono o ka wai, ka ʻalani, ka ʻoluʻolu a me nā meaʻai nui. ʻO ia kahi mea ola ka ʻōpala i loko o nā wai o ka mokupuni o ka Pākīpika a me ʻAmelika.

ʻO ka mea mahalo, ma nā moana, ke kāʻei o nā ʻōpala a puni he 27 miliona mau mita square. km

Ua manaʻo ʻia ka Great Barrier Reef kekahi o nā mea nui loa o kēia mau mea ulu. Ua waiho ʻia ia mea e like me ʻAmelika.

Kokoke nā hakahaka i nā lula e hoʻōla ai i nā ʻōpua

ʻO kekahi mau wahi o nā ʻāpana he nui a nui hiki iā lākou ke kapa ʻia i nā mokupuni ʻōpala.

Loaʻa i nā mokupuni Coral ko lākou ola a me nā mea kanu. Maanei hiki iāʻoe ke loaʻa i nā cacti a me nā lāʻau nui.

Ke hoʻohana nei ka poʻe kaiaulu i nā corals no ka hana ʻana i nā mea nani.

Hele ia i nā nani nani a me nā hua hulahula no ke kauwela kauwela.

Hoʻohana ʻia nā Korale e like me ke kūkulu ʻana i nā hale hana, polish metal surfaces a me nā hana lāʻau.

Inā hōʻino kekahi kanaka e pili ana i ka lāʻau coral, a laila e hoʻōla ka ʻili no kahi lōʻihi lōʻihi. Kahi e komo ai ka ʻeha, a ʻike mau ʻia paha ka ʻawaʻawa, inā he lāʻau ʻona a ʻaʻole paha.

Nā kaulike i nā mea nani

Ano e pili ana pehea e hoʻohana ai nā mea hoʻonaninani i nā corals: kahi hoʻolālā kūlohelohe maoli o ka waiwai e hoʻokaʻawale i ke ala o nā haku i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea nani. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ʻo nā ʻōpala i haki ʻia mai nā ʻano kūlohelohe he mea paʻakikī loa a nani hoʻi, ʻaʻole pono lākou i nā loiloi koʻikoʻi. He mea lawa ia e polish i ka coral a uhi iā ia me kahi varnish pale e loaʻa i nā huahana o ka nani nani. ʻO ka pono nui o ia mau mea hana, he kūʻokoʻa, no ka mea, ʻaʻole i kau ʻia ka ʻano i loko o nā kumu hana i hana ʻia e ia.

Inā hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi o nā corals, e pili ana i ka hoʻolālā alana, paʻa nā mea hana i ko lākou ʻano kūlike ʻole e hoʻopili ʻia:

• ʻolua
• oval
• he cabochon (kahi kikoʻi, hina paha i ʻole ʻahu a iʻu paha me ka maka ākea).
• kālai ʻili ʻia
• ʻokiʻoki (ʻoki i kahi ʻāpana mai kahi loulou o ka pūnaehana tubular).

Ua hoʻomaopopo ʻia ʻo Torre del Greco ma ke ʻano kikowaena kikowaena o ka honua. Ma kēia kūlanakauhale liʻiliʻi e kokoke ana iā Naples, he nui nā limahana a me nā ʻoihana hana i pili i ka hana ʻana i nā mea nani a me nā bijouterie.

ʻO nā kāhiko i hana ʻia i kaʻulaʻula ulaula a me nā ʻano o ka ʻulaʻula i ke koi kūikawā. ʻO nā huahana waiwai maikaʻi loa mai nā ʻano keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo.

Kūʻai maoli ke kumukūʻai ʻulaʻula nui i nā ʻāina āpau o ko ka ʻāina Mediterranean. Eia nō naʻe, i nā hale kūʻai ʻoluʻolu a me nā hale kūʻai mea hoʻolako wale nō i nā mea nani, akā, nā mea manawaleʻa wale nō nā mea lako a me nā mea nani paha. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole mau loa ke kūʻai ʻia ʻana: ʻaʻole hiki ke lawe ʻia nā corals mai Thailand a me ʻAigupita - ua ʻāpono ʻia kēia e ke kānāwai a ua hoʻopaʻi ʻia ma ke kumukūʻai nui (ma kahi o $ 1,000).

Ka Manaʻo Kopi

Hiki i nā mea e pili ana i nā corals ke hoʻohui ʻia e nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo mai nā loea i nā ʻano kuʻuna a me nā kuʻuna, nā ʻatikala, nā esotericists, a me nā ʻelele o nā lāʻau lapaʻau hou.

ʻO nā mea waiwai i hana ʻia mai ka ʻōpala, nā kiʻi ʻono, nā ʻāpana kū i loko o nā makana kūpono no ka makahiki 35 o ka male, no ka mea, ua manaʻo ʻia kēlā lā i mare ʻia. ʻIke maopopo ka hōʻailona: e like me ka neʻe ʻana o ka ʻōpala i kahi lōʻihi i ke wā lōʻihi, e hāpai ana i ka nani intricate, no laila e hoʻomohala maikaʻi ʻia nā kāne i nā makahiki he ʻumi.

Hoʻomaopopo nā Astrologers i nā alana pōkole i nā hōʻailona āpau o ka zodiac, akā no nā manawaleʻa ka wai wai - Pisces, Cancers, Scorpios. ʻAʻole pono kēlā mau mea nani no nā Maidens a me Liona. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole ia i pāpā ʻia i ke kapa ʻana i nā mea coral inā hana ʻoe i kēia mea i ka lā maʻamau. ʻO ka mea nui makemake a ka mea nona ka mea ʻoluʻolu he leʻaleʻa.

Hōʻike nā kuʻuna o nā lāhui ʻē i nā mana kupaianaha i nā corals.

• pale i nā malihini mai nā pilikia (ʻEulopa),
• hāʻawi i ka naʻauao (Europe), pale mai nā hoʻowalewale a me nā daimonio (East),
• e hāʻawi i ka waiwai a me ka momona (Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan),
• mālama i nā poʻo maʻi (Portugal), maʻi (Mexico), tonsillitis (ʻEnelani).

Nui ka poʻe e manaʻo e kōkua ka ʻakaʻala i ka pale i nā ʻāʻī a me nā kaula lae, no laila e ʻōlelo ʻia e nā mea mele, nā mea kākau, nā kumu aʻo, a me nā kumu.

ʻAʻole mākou i hōʻoia i nā ʻoiaʻiʻo o ka ho'ōla me nā corals a i ʻole ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka naʻauao a me nā waiwai me kā lākou kōkua, akā ʻo ka nani o nā huahana mai kēia makana moana e hoʻonui i ka puʻuwai, hāʻawi i nā hilinaʻi o ka wahine i kā lākou mea aloha - ʻaʻohe kānalua.

Kila holoholona nā mea kanu.

ʻOiai ke ʻano o nā corals he mau pōhaku, a he nui nā hiʻohiʻona like me nā mea kanu, akā pili naʻe lākou i ka honua holoholona. ʻO ia hoʻi, he mau holoholona kēia, a ʻoi aku paha nā wai, nā invertebrates kai iʻa o ke ʻano o ke ʻano o nā inverts - ke kumu o ke kāʻei o kahi palalike o nā polyps coral.

E noho ana kēia mau mea ola i nā wai mahana, ka hohonu o ka nohona, akā ʻaʻole ka mea eʻoi aʻe o 20 mika. ʻAʻole ia he pono no ka hoʻomehana ʻana o ka wai pono ʻole o ka wai ma lalo o 21 ° C. I nā wai anuanu, ʻaʻole ola ka polyps.

He aha nā meaʻai e ʻai ai?

Noho lākou i ke ola me algae - unicellular zooxanthellae. Pau a make ke algae, ua keokeo ka polyp, a hala kekahi manawa e make pū nō hoʻi. Kahi ia hopena i kapa ʻia "ka hūnū o nā kaʻala" i ke kaiāulu ʻepekema.

ʻO ka mea ʻo ka polyp makemake nui i kēia "cohabitation" ʻaʻole ia he mea hopohopo loa, no ka mea, hāʻawi ka algae iā lākou i ka meaʻai. Akā ʻo ka mea maoli, hiki i nā polyp ke ʻai i nā ʻano like ʻole: ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka plankton a i ʻole no ka photosynthesis, ka mea i lawe ʻia e kēia mau algae.

ʻO ia nō kēia e wehewehe i ke kumu e noho ʻole ai nā holoholona ma ke kai, no ka mea, e like me kāu e ʻike nei, ʻaʻohe ka lā o ka lā. ʻIke ʻia, hāʻawi kona ʻike i ka photosynthesis, ma muli o nā polyps e loaʻa ai nā mea kanu.

Pehea e kūleʻa ai nā corals?

ʻO ka hoʻopiʻi ʻana o nā lāʻau e ulu ana ma o ka aʻa a i ka moena paha, no ka mea he dioecious ka polyp. Komo ʻo Sperm i ka lua wahine ma o ka waha, e waiho ana i nā paia a me ka lua o ka ʻōpū. Hoʻokūkū ʻia kahi hua lōkohu i loko o ka mesoglysis o ka septum. A laila, kūkulu ʻia nā embryar peculiar - planula. Noho lākou i ka lalo a hāʻawi i ke ola i nā koloni hou.

ʻO ka make ʻana o ka ʻili

ʻAʻole ia he mea kupanaha, akā make nā corals ma muli o nā microbes. Wahi a nā hoʻokolohua, ua hōʻike ʻia ua nānā ʻia ka mīkini hoʻohālikelike i nā polyps, ka mea e hoʻomaka ai i ke ʻano o ko lākou "make". Make lākou mai ka puʻu ʻona mea nui i nā wai, a mai ka ʻāʻī. Ua akaka loa ia o kēlā ʻano hana ka "hana" a nā microbes.

Pehea e hana ai? Ke hoʻomaka ka ʻike ʻana i kahi nui o nā mea kūlohelohe i ka wai, ua "hoihoi" kēia i nā pathogens like ʻole. Mau nō nā mākia, a māhuahua ko lākou ulu ʻana, a māhuahua ka hoʻonui. Ke alakaʻi nei kēia i kahi nele o ka oxygen a me kahi hoʻololi i ka pH. Hoʻopilikia wale kēia hiʻohiʻona no nā polyps.

ʻO ka coral kahiko

ʻO Yakutia ka repubalika o Rūsia kahi i loaʻa ai nā ʻōpala kahiko. Mahalo i ʻenehana loea hou, ua ʻike ʻia he 480 miliona mau makahiki o ka mea i hoʻi mai.

Ua ʻike ʻia kekahi koranā nō hoʻi ke kahakai o ka mokupuni ʻo Hawaiʻi, ʻo kona kiʻekiʻe he 1 mika. Aia ia ma ka hohonu o 400 mika. Ua hana ka ʻepekema ʻAmelika i kahi loiloi kūikawā a ʻike i ke ʻano o ka makahiki o 4200 o ka makahiki. Ma ka ʻāina, hoʻokahi ʻano kumu lāʻau e hiki ai ke kaena i kēlā lōʻihi lōʻihi.

ʻO nā ʻike kūpono ʻē aʻe

• Aia ma kahi 6000 mau o nā polio polile i ka huina, a he 25 wale nō o ia mau mea i hoʻohana i nā mea ʻala,
• mai 1 a 3 cm ke - e nui a ulu ai nā pua i ka makahiki!
• ʻo ka puhi ʻā ʻana ʻaʻole ia maoli - ke ʻano hoʻokaʻawale ʻē aʻe ia e lawe ana i ka pōʻino o nā kānaka ma muli o nā huakino o kona mau keʻena kapu,
• mea hoʻoweliweli a me nā leʻa nani a me nā pua e pau ai ka hana no ka hana kanaka,
• mai ke kahakai ʻo Australia kahi lōʻihi lōʻihi loa ma ka honua, ʻo 2500 km ka lōʻihi o kona lōʻihi!
• inā ʻoe e nānā i loko o ka ʻōpala, a ʻike ʻoe i nā apo he nui - kau makahiki, e like me nā lāʻau,
• makemake nui nā iʻa a me nā holoholona moana i nā ʻeke i ka wā o ka spawning, e kōkua ana i ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ka palekana o ka caviar mai nā mea hoʻopōmaʻomaʻi ʻē aʻe.
• ʻO nā honu he ʻano o nā mea kanu kanu, no ka mea, ʻo ka papa kaheʻe o nā mea kanu i hoʻohaumia ai i ka heʻe wai wai a puni lākou.

Nā hiʻohiʻona Coral

ʻO nā ʻike e pili ana i nā corals ʻoiai ke nānā nei nā corals e like me kahi mea inanimate a he mau hiʻohiʻona maʻamau me nā mea kanu, ʻaʻole lākou no loko o ka flora. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, he holoholona nā holoholona. No lākou ka papa i ka hīmeni moana, ʻo ia hoʻi he polyps. Inā wā e uhaʻi lākou, e wāwahi lākou, a laila hāʻule i ka lua. Ke make kahi ola ola, hele mai kahi kaʻina kūlohelohe kūlohelohe, a me kahi mea honi. Ma hope mai, luku loa ʻia ka polyp.

Hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā ʻula ma nā wai mahana i loko o ka wai kahakai. Kokoke lākou āpau ma kēlā ʻaoʻao. ʻO nā ʻāpana heʻa he wahi pākahi no nā kai lawaiʻa - iʻa, nā iʻa, etc.

Ua puka mai nā ʻila ma kā mākou honua i nā miliona mau makahiki i hala. ʻO ke ola he ola he mau tausani makahiki. ʻO nā mea e pili ana i nā ʻōpala i loko o nā puʻu coral i hoʻomanaʻo i nā mea ola e make ana i mau haneli mau makahiki i hala.

No ke ola, pono ka papa i ke kukui a me kahi mahana. Aia i waena o ka 25-30 degere. Ke piʻi a ʻoluʻolu ke ea a nānā mai paha ke kukui, e lilo ka ʻala a make. No ka mālama i ke kūlana hiki ke hoʻololi i ka kahe o ka wai. ʻO ka mole haʻahaʻa he 21 degere. ʻAʻole noho nā polyps i ka wai anu. I kekahi hihia, nā hapa nui o nā ʻano.

Ma ka huina, he 6 tausani mau o nā ʻala i ke ʻano. Hoʻohana ʻia he ʻelua mau mea o lākou i ka hana ʻana i nā mea nani.

ʻOkoʻa nā kala i kala kala. I ka huakaʻi, aia ma kahi o 350 mau poloke o ka polyp i ka honua. Aia ia i ka hāʻule o nā lepo lepo i ka wai.

Ma luna o ka makahiki, ulu a coral i ka 10-30 milimita.

Wahi a nā ʻikepili i loaʻa, i kēia lā ka nui o nā wahi i loko o ke kai loko o ke kai nui he 27 miliona mau kilomita square. Eia kekahi, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hapalua o nā ʻāpana i ka palena o ka hoʻopau ʻana. ʻO ke kumu nui ke kanaka. ʻO ka ʻoihana waiwai a me nā hana ʻē aʻe e alakaʻi i ka wīwī i nā kūlana ola.

ʻO nā ʻike e pili ana i nā corals he hui nā corals i nā ala kumu mua. ʻO kekahi mau ʻano he hermaphrodites. Aia kekahi mau hiʻohiʻona e hoʻohua i nā kolamu like ʻole. Hoʻonui ka ʻekolu mau ʻano, e hoʻolei i ka nui o sperm a me hua i loko o ka wai. ʻO ka hopena, hele pololei ka hōʻiliʻili i ka wai. Ua loaʻa ke kaʻina hana i kahi inoa kūpono - spawning.

ʻOi aku ma mua o 4 tausani mau mea iʻa i noho ai i nā ʻōpala. ʻO kekahi o lākou ʻaʻole i koho wale i nā corals e like me ko lākou home a me kahi e hūnā ai i nā mea kuhi, akā hoʻohana nō hoʻi lākou i nā meaʻai. I ka manawa like, nā corals nā mea no ke kūkulu ʻana i nā ʻoka.

ʻO nā ʻike e pili ana i nā corals ka nui o nā koina pūlima coral ma luna o hoʻokahi miliona mau mea ola a me nā mea kanu.

ʻO nā kaila he mea kūlohelohe ia i ka ilina o ke kai. Mālama lākou i ke kahakai mai nā nalu cyclonic, a pāpā ʻia hoʻi i ke ala o nā ʻaka a me nā meaola ʻē aʻe.

Ka hana koʻikoʻi nā ʻōpala i ka hoʻomohala kūlohelohe o ka huakaʻi. ʻAʻole hoʻi kēia e pili ana i nā mea nani mai nā mea ola ola. E ʻimi nā kānaka i nā ʻokoʻa ʻē aʻe a puni ka honua. I mea e lilo ai i loaʻa kālā, hāʻawi nā poʻe ʻoihana i nā lako diving, ma lalo ka waʻa a me nā lawelawe lawaiʻa, hele nui, etc.

I ka ʻike pinepine ʻia, hiki ke loaʻa nā ʻila i loko o ka Pakipika a me ke Kaiaulu o India, ʻo ke Kaiula a me ke Caribbean, a me ke Kīwī Persian. Aia ma mua o hoʻokahi haneli mau ʻāina. Loaʻa nā ʻāpana ʻala a paʻakikī hoʻi i loko o ke kai hohonu. Hoʻokomo wale nā ​​kahe nui i nā ʻōkelē a me nā subtropical ʻano.

ʻO ka pae maikaʻi loa

ʻO ka coral kahiko o nā mea i ʻike ʻia e nā ʻepekema, ʻoi aku kona mau makahiki ma mua o 4 tausani mau makahiki.

ʻO ka hohonu hohonu kahi e hiki ai ke hālāwai i nā corals he 8 mau mile. Hoʻokahi wale nō ʻano ola e hiki ai ke noho i kahi hohonu - he ʻauʻau wai.

He kiʻekiʻe ka nui o ka puaʻa i ka 100 kenimita. Aia ia ma ka hohonu o 400 mika.

ʻO ka hōʻano nui loa ʻo ka Great Barrier Reef. ʻO kona lōʻihi he 2,5 tausani mau mile. ʻAʻole mamao kahi mamao i ka ʻāina mamao o Australia. Aia ka nui i nā mea kokoke i 3 tausani mauʻu. ʻO ka lua ʻelua o ka ʻāpana Belize.

ʻO kekahi mau ʻike maikaʻi e pili ana i nā corals

Kūleʻa wela - ʻaʻole maoli he polyp. He ʻanoʻokoʻa like ʻole kēia o ke ola ola. He mau hale lole nona ka mea i mea oona. He pōʻino i nā kānaka.

I ka ʻōlelo, loaʻa ka polyp i nā apo, e like me nā lāʻau. Ua kamaʻilio lākou e pili ana i ka makahiki o ke ola o ke ola.

Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia nā ʻila ma ka astrology. Hana ʻia nā Amulets mai lākou. Hoʻōla ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe i nā huakaʻi mai nā pōʻino, pale mai nā ʻeleʻeleʻele a me nā hoʻowalewale, hāʻawi ʻia i ka naʻauao a me ka mālama kālā, hoʻomaha ʻo ia i ka hōʻeha, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. Akā, ʻaʻole kēia he kumu e luku ai i nā ʻula.

E kamaʻilio e pili ana i ka weliweli o ka honu o ka ʻōpala, he mea nui ia e ʻike ʻo ke kumu ʻaʻole wale ka haumia o nā waiʻa. Ua nalo aku nā pua ma muli o ka nui o ka lawaiʻa. I ka hopena, hoʻonui ka nui o nā algae, kahi i nui i hōʻeha ʻia i nā corals. Ua hilahila lākou iā lākou, pākuʻi i ka hana hānai.

Eia kekahi, noho nā corals i ke ʻano me ka unicellular zooxanthellae. ʻO kēia ke ʻano o nā algae ʻaʻole e hōʻino i nā polyps. Inā make ka zooxanthellae, hele a maloʻo a make. Hāʻawi kēia ʻano algae i nā polyps me ka meaʻai.

Hoʻonui ka hoʻouka ʻana i nā mākaʻikaʻi i ka hoʻopau ʻana i ka ʻōpala. Hoʻopilikia nā malihini i nā mea ola ola. Ua luku ʻia lākou e nā heleuma moku, kahi waʻa, etc.

ʻO ka hōʻeha i nā polyps nā microorganisms. ʻO kahi nui o nā mea kūlohelohe i ka wai e kōkua i ka hoʻoili kino. Ke ulu wikiwiki nei kā lākou helu. Loaʻa nā kala i ka oxygen, ka loli o ka wai. A ke hopena, e hoʻomaka i ka hana o ka luku ʻana iā ʻoe iho o ka polyps.

Hiki i ka ʻeha. I kēia mau makahiki i hala, ua hoʻonui nui ʻia ka nui o nā maʻi. Ua nalowale lākou i ka pigmentation a laila make, kahi e kahe nei i ka nalo o nā ʻōpala ma ka honua āpau. Ma kēia e hoʻomaka i nā hopena maikaʻiʻole no nā mea ola a pau. Kāwīwī ka pīhoihoi i ka kūlohelohe.

He cages kūikawā i hoʻopaʻa ʻia e pale aku ai

Ua kapa ʻia lākou i ke kūleʻa a hoʻokuʻu i ka pona i ka manawa pōpilikia.

He manaʻoʻiʻo ka poʻe India i nā kāne wale nō e ʻaʻahu i nā ʻulaʻula, a he keʻokeʻo wale nō nā wahine. Ua manaʻoʻiʻo ʻia kēlā mau kala kēlā me kēia ʻano ʻano hōʻailona o kekahi a me kekahi ʻano ʻē aʻe, a i ke ʻano o nā "socks hewa" loaʻa kēlā a me kēia i ka ʻano o ke ʻano kūlike. ʻAʻole i ʻike ʻole ka nui o kēia mea.

I kēia mau lā, liʻiliʻi kekahi kāne e komo i nā huahana coral. ʻAe, ʻae nā wahine i kā lākou iho i kahi ʻāpana kala, e komo pū me ka ʻulaʻula. ʻO ka mea, ʻike kūpono no kēia, ke kūleʻa nei ke emansipation ma aneʻi.

E ʻike ʻoe i nā ʻike ʻē aʻe e pili ana i nā corals ma ka Pūnaewele.

ʻO ka wehewehe a me ka hoʻoili

Loaʻa i nā lira he mau makahiki e like me ka lāʻau. ʻO nā lālā coral nā haneri he mau haneli.

Hoʻokumu pinepine nā ʻōhumu ʻila maʻamau i nā mokulu, kahi e hoʻomehana mau ai ka wai i ka makahiki āpau. Ma muli o ko lākou hana paʻa ʻana, hiki i nā kolo ʻōpio ke noho i loko o nā ʻōpū moana a me nā neʻe ikaika. Hiki ke ola wale i nā ʻāpana polin Thinner i nā loko wai i uhi ʻia a i ʻole ka wai hohonu. ʻO nā māka nui ka māka nui a me nā wahi no ka nui o nā holoholona a me nā iʻa. Hoʻopili lākou i nā ʻala, hoʻoneʻe i nā ʻili kino a i ʻole nāʻili.

Hiki i ke kukui ultraviolet ke hōʻino i ka ʻōpala i ka wai pāpaku. Inā hōʻemi ke kahe ozelone pale o ka Honua e hiki i ka radiation ultraviolet e hele i ka honua, hiki i nā corals ke nalo i kahi nohona e like me ka wai pāpaku.

Ua loaʻa nā ʻāpana ʻā ʻia i loko o nā wai anuanu o ka moana Atlantika e kokoke ana i ʻEkelani.

Hele mai nā poʻo ma nā ʻano he nui: ʻano like-lāʻau, ʻano like-fan, etc.

Aia ka ʻāpana kahuhulu nui loa ma kahakai o kahakai ʻo Australia. Pale aku ia i ka lōʻihi o 2200 km.

Nā hiʻohiʻona a me nā waiwai

Hoʻopili nui ʻia e ka calcium carbonate me nā kīnā o ka konane o ka magnesium carbonate, a me kahi liʻiliʻi o ka oxide iron. Loaʻa e pili ana i ka 1% mea pilikino. Hoʻopili piha ʻia ka'īleʻele o India no ka mea pilikino.

ʻO ke kaulua ālaʻa mai 2.6 a 2.7, ʻo ka paʻakikī ka lōʻihi ma ka 3.75 ma ke kumu Mohs. Kōlei nā corals ʻeleʻele, ʻoi ko lākou kumu o ka 1.32 - 1.35.

Ke noi

Ma mua o 6,000 mau ʻano coral, i ʻike ʻia; a hiki i ka 350 waihoʻoluʻu ʻokoʻa hoʻoliʻiliʻi i kā lākou paleta. Hoʻomaʻi ʻia ka kala o nā corals a me ka nui o nā pūhui meaola: ʻaʻole a pink wale nō, akā he ʻulaʻula, uliuli, keʻokeʻo a ʻulaʻula hoʻi i loaʻa.

Hoʻohana ʻia ka ʻōpū mākaʻi o kekahi mau ʻano coral i mea ʻala no ka hana lime, a hoʻohana ʻia kekahi mau ʻano no ka hana ʻana i nā mea nani. I ka hopena hope loa, ʻeleʻele ("akabar"), ke keʻokeʻo a me ka ʻula-pali ("ʻānela ʻānela") i ʻāpono nui ʻia, nā ʻulaʻula nui a ʻulaʻula a ʻulaʻula ("coral coral"). Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia, coral coral no nā mea hoʻonani, peʻa i nā waihoʻoluʻu o nā ʻulaʻula a me nā ʻulaʻula. Eia nō kekahi, loaʻa i nā ʻala nā noi i ka lāʻau lapaʻau a me ka hoʻonaninani (nā ʻaluna coral).

Kālepa ʻia nā lāleʻele i Kina a me India.

E like me nā peʻa, ʻo ke kumukūʻai kiʻekiʻe o nā corals maoli e alakaʻi i kahi nui o nā memes.

Ua pāpā ʻia ke kānāwai o kekahi mau ʻāina, no ka hoʻohālike ʻana, ʻo ʻAigupita a me Thailand, e lawe ʻia ka ʻōpala ma waho o ke kākana o ka mokuʻāina. Ma ka lāʻo Pepeluali 2015, ʻae ʻia ka hoʻāʻo e hoʻoiho i nā pua mai ʻAigupita mai i ka uku o $ 1,000.