ʻO Capybara (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) he koʻikoʻi nui ma ʻAmelika Hema, kahi wale nō o ka ʻohana.
ʻO ka poʻe European naturist maoli i kipa aku i ʻAmelika Hema ka mea i kapa ʻia ka capybara "capybaras" a i ʻole "Orinok puaʻa". Ua lawe ʻia ka inoa o kēia mau inoa i ka inoa ʻepekema hou o ka ʻohana Hydrochoeridae. ʻAʻole lākou he puaʻa, ʻaʻole hoʻi he aquatic, a ʻo Caviidae kā lākou mau hoahānau pili ʻole.
He aha ka mea like o ka capybara? ʻO ka wehewehe a me ke kiʻi o ka holoholona
I kēia lā, ʻo ka capybara ka nui loa o nā mea āpau i loaʻa i ka manawa: hiki i ka lōʻihi o ke kino ke hiki i 140 cm, a ʻo ke kaumaha a hiki i 66 kg.
ʻO nā mea i hala aku i nā capybaras i mau manawa i ʻoi aku ma mua o ka capybaras hou a hiki i ka nui o kahi grizzly!
He kino poepoe nui o ka capybara, ke poʻo ākea ākea, kahi ʻāpana kime. ʻAʻohe huelo, a ʻoi aku nā pōkole o mua ma mua o nā wāwae hind. ʻO nā maka liʻiliʻi, pōkole a me ka pepeiao, nā pupu ʻalihi e loaʻa ana i ka piko o ke poʻo: ke kau ʻo ka holoholona, ʻalā lākou i ka wai. ʻO nā manamana lima o nā rodents i hoʻopili ʻia e nā membrane liʻiliʻi e hana iā lākou i mau ʻauʻau lawaiʻa, hiki ke noho ma lalo o ka wai a hiki i 5 mau minuke.
I ka capybara i ke kiʻi ma lalo nei, maopopo ke kāne e ka ʻae a me ka ʻea convex ma ke alo o ka muzzle - nā kelepa sebaceous, kahi e loaʻa ai ka honi pilikino o ka holoholona.
ʻO ka ʻili ikaika o nā holoholona pakeke e uhi ʻia me ka lauoho loloa-like me ka lauoho like, ke kala o ke ʻano like me ka brown a ʻulaʻula. I nā poʻe'ōpiopio, ʻo ka pōkole ka pōkole a mānoanoa, ʻōmaʻomaʻo ka ʻulaʻula.
ʻElua mau pālua o nā koina nui, maʻamau no nā rodents, ʻae i nā holoholona e kiʻi i nā lau pōkole loa, a kālai lākou iā ia me nā niho buccal.
Nā hiʻohiʻona hana
ʻO nā mea kanu mea kanu Capybaras. ʻAi lākou i ka hānai i nā lau nahele i ulu a kokoke i ka wai. ʻO ka mauʻu maloʻo maloʻo loa, waiho ʻia ma ka hopena o ka maloʻo maloʻo, ua ʻai ʻia.
E like me kāu e ʻike ai, loaʻa i ka mauʻu ka nui o ka fiber, indigestible e nā digestive enzymes o nā mammals. No laila, i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka capybaras, ua kūkulu ʻia kahi keʻena kūikawā e mālama i ka meaʻai. Hana ka Fermentation i ka cecum, kahi mea i kapa ʻia he ʻāpono i loko o nā kānaka. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka wahi i ka cecum ma waena o nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi a me nā nui, ʻaʻole hiki i nā holoholona ke komo i nā huahana a pau o ka fermentation e hana ʻia e nā micropes simbolii. Ke hoʻopau nei i kēia pilikia, hele lākou i coprophagy (ʻai ʻai i ka ʻai) e hiki ke pōmaikaʻi i ka hana a kā lākou mau hōʻailona. No laila, i kēlā me kēia kakahiaka capybaras hoʻohana hou i ka mea i kā lākou i ʻeli i ka pō a i ka pō.
He ʻauhau
Lūkia inoa - Capybara, a he capybara
Palapala inoa Latin - Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris
Pelekane Pelekane - Capybara
Kākau - Māka (Mammalia)
Hoʻokomo ʻia - ʻĀpana (Rodentia)
Ohana - Water-Lead (Hydrochoeridae)
He holoholona kaulana loa ʻo Capybara, ʻo ia wale nō ka mau ʻūina a ʻo ka ʻohana.
Nānā a me ke kāne
Hoʻokumu ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka ʻāina i ka pono no ka pono o ka mahiʻai, kahi e alakaʻi ai i ka hoʻopau ʻana i nā holoholona hihiu, ua pōmaikaʻi ka capybaras. Kūkulu ʻia nā waikā e hana ai i nā wahi hana hou a ulu ulu nā mea kanu - hāʻawi kēia i ka capybara i ka meaʻai a me ka wai i ka wā pau a.
I kēia manawa, loaʻa nā capybaras i nā mahiʻai kūikawā ma Venezuela e loaʻa i ka ʻili a me ka ʻiʻo. Hoʻohana ʻia kā lākou momona ma nā lāʻau kūʻai.
ʻO Kapybaras kahi waihona wai kūlohelohe o Rocky Mountain Fever. Hoʻouna ʻia ka maʻi i nā kānaka ma o ka ʻili a ke komo nei ka capybaras i nā wahi hānai i nā wahi pā.
ʻO ka pilina pili ʻana o kēia mau holoholona me ka wai i ka manawa hoʻokahi i alakaʻi ʻia ai ka halepule Katolika ʻo capybaras me ka iʻa. Ma muli o kēia hanana, ua ʻae ʻia ka ʻiʻo capybara i ka wā ʻai.
I kēia manawa, ua lilo pinepine nā capybaras i "nā holoholona." No lākou ke aloha, maʻalahiʻelima a hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia hoʻi. Makemake lākou e kau i ko lākou mau poʻo ma ka lapalapa o ka mea nona ka "noi ʻole" e huki i ka tummy. Akā i ka mea e mālama ai i ka capybara ma ka home, pono ia i kahi nui e hiki ai iā ia ke hele a ʻauʻau, a i loko o ke keʻena o kahi kūlanakauhale ua hauʻoli ʻo ia.
Kāleka
ʻO waho, like ka capybara i ka puaʻa guinea, hoʻokahi wale nō. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kino o kēia mau holoholona ka 1 - 1,35 m, ke kiʻekiʻe ma ka maloʻo ua 40-60 cm, a ʻo ke kaumaha he 34 - 65 kg. He kaumaha ka kino. Hoʻopau ke poʻo nui i kahi muzzle blunt, me nā pulu e like me nā ʻili e like me ka wa e holo ai. He liʻiliʻi nā maka, waiho ʻia. Ua liʻiliʻi nā pepeiao, hoʻopuni. ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o ka pepeiao a me nā maka e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke mālama iā lākou ma luna o ka wai i ka wā e aau ai. He pōkole loa nā hiakei, me 4 mau manamana lima ma ka wāwae, 3 mau manamana lima ma nā wāwae hind, ua pili nā manamana lima e ka membrane wahie a hoʻopau i nā kīʻaha pōkole akā ikaika. Uhi ʻia ke kino me ka lauoho lōʻihi, lōʻihi a me ke oho paʻakikī, me ka leo ʻole. ʻO ka kala he monophonic, ma ka ʻaoʻao kiʻekiʻe o ke kino a mai lalo.
Eia ke ʻano o ka wehewehe ʻana iā Gerald Darrell i ka capybara: “ʻO kēia holoholona koʻikoʻi he holoholona momona me ka kino elongated, uhi ʻia me ka huluhulu huluhulu ikaika me ka ʻulaʻula polike. ʻO nā wāwae mua o ka capybara ka lōʻihi ma mua o nā wāwae hind, ka nui o ka nui o ka peʻa kahi pūua, a no laila e nānā mau ʻia e like me ka mea e noho ana. Loaʻa iā ia nā wāwae nui me nā manamana lima laulā, a me nā kumulāʻau ma luna o kona mau kuʻekuʻe pōkole, pōkole a puʻupuʻu, he mea hoʻomanaʻo mau loa i nā hoove miniature. He nani kona nānā: he poʻo ākea a loloa kona poʻo, ākea ke kī muzzle pālahalaha e hāʻawi ai i ke ʻano like me he liona ʻōpiopio. Ma ka ʻāina, neʻe ka capybara me kahi hiit shuffling hi a i ʻole nā palaka i loko o kahi pahu, aʻo ka wai i uʻe a hoʻomālamalama me ka maʻalahi o ka maʻalahi a me ka ʻano.
ʻO Kapybara kahi phlegmatic, ʻano maikaʻi i ka mea i nele i nā kūlana pilikino i loaʻa i kekahi o kona mau hoahānau, akā ua piha kēia haki i loko ona e ka mālie a me ke ʻano aloha. "
ʻO ke ola ʻohana
Noho ʻo Capybara i nā hui he mau holoholona o 10-15 i ka awelika. Ma kahi e nui ai ka meaʻai, hiki i nā hui ke ʻoi aku - a i ka 30 mau kanaka hoʻokahi. Pāʻālua nā hui. Noho hoʻokahi wale nō kekahi mau kāne ʻōpiopio a pili ʻole pū me nā hui lehulehu.
I ka wā maloʻo, hui pū nā hui a puni nā loko wai maloʻo, e ʻohi ana i nā ʻōpū pōkole o 100 a ʻoi aku paha nā holoholona. Ke hele hou nei ka manawa lōlihi o ka manawa lōʻihi, hāʻule nā ʻōpala nui i loko o nā ʻohana liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi.
ʻO kahi ʻohana capybara kahi ʻano male kāne kiʻekiʻe (hiki iā ia ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia e ke kelepona koʻikoʻi), hoʻokahi a ʻoi aku paha nā wahine, hoʻokahi a keu aku paha nā kāne liʻiliʻi a me nā hanauna ʻōpio. I waena o nā kāne, hoʻokū ʻia kahi hierarchy, i kākoʻo ʻia e nā hoʻokūkū kūwaho, akā maʻamau ka mea i ʻoi aku ma mua o ka alualu ʻana. Hōʻike nā kāne Dominant i nā subordinates i kahi o ka hui, akā ʻaʻole hiki ke hakakā. Kūpaʻa nā kāne i kekahi i kekahi. Aia nō kēlā me kēia hui ko lākou ʻāina, ka mea ikaika e pale aku iā ia iho i nā hoʻopuni o kona poʻe hoalauna. Hoʻokū ʻia kēlā me kēia ʻohana i ka awelika o 10-20 ha.
Hoʻopili ʻia nā palena o ke kahua o ka rodent me nā kohu. Loaʻa kēlā me kēia capybara i 2 mau ʻano momona. ʻO kekahi o lākou, i hoʻomohala maikaʻi ʻia i nā kāne, akā aneane ʻaʻole i nā wahine, aia i ka hopena o ka muzzle. He hōole ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻōlohelohe ʻōiwi, e hoʻoiho ana i kahi kahe nui e hoʻopiha ai. Hoʻopili nā lua ʻelua i nā ʻeke me nā ʻona ʻelua kūlohelohe e kū ana ma nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua o ka kime.
Heʻokoʻa nā hiʻohiʻona o ka hoʻoiho i kēlā me kēia kanaka, i hiki i ka capybaras ke hoʻomaopopo i kekahi. ʻOi aku ka nui o ka ʻōlohelohe o ka ihu i ka hōʻailona ʻana i ke kūlana o ka nohona, ʻoiai ʻo ka ʻōhaka anal ka mea i ʻoi aku ka mea nui o ka ʻike ʻana i kahi holoholona no kekahi ʻohana, ʻo ia hoʻi e pili ana i kahi o nā teritorial.
Pūnaewele Kauka
Hoʻopuka nā Capybaras i nā hōʻailona leo he nui. No nā holoholona ʻōpio, he maʻamau nā kolohe throaty, kahi i hoʻohana ʻia e mālama i ka pilina me nā makuahine a i ʻole nā lālā ʻē aʻe o ka hui. Kuhi ʻia kahi leo e nā pāʻeke i nalowale i ka hakakā ʻana, a i ʻole e hōʻoluʻolu i ka ʻenemi. ʻO kekahi leo hou, like me ke kani leo nui, hana ʻia i ka pōʻino, no ka laʻana, inā ʻike ʻia kahi kanaka kūleʻa.
ʻO Capybaras a me ke kāne
I Kolombia, ua emi loa ka nui o ka capybaras ma hope mai o ka 1980 ua pāpā ke aupuni i ka hopu ʻana no lākou.
Ma Venezuela, aia kekahi noi i ka ʻiʻo capybara mai ka liʻiliʻi loa o ka XYI kenekulia, i ka manawa i lawe ʻia mai ai nā mokulele o ka misionari Katolika Roma me nā mahi a me nā ʻoka a me nā mea hoʻokaʻawale i ka ʻai. ʻO ke ʻano o ke ʻano o kēia mau holoholona i hilahila nā māka (ua hoʻoholo lākou ʻo ka capybaras e like me ka iʻa).
ʻO 1953 wale nō, ʻo ka ʻimi kā lākou e lilo i kumuhana o nā hoʻoponopono a me nā mana, akā ʻaʻohe hopena. I ka makahiki 1968, ma hope o ka moratorium ʻelima mau makahiki, ua hoʻomohala ʻia kahi hoʻolālā e hoʻopaʻa i ka biology a me nā mālama ʻāpono. Ua alakaʻi kēia i ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana o ka heluna kanaka. Eia nā inoa o ka capybara ma ka IUCN he mau ʻano pili ʻole ka mea e pilikia ʻole ai e pau.
ʻO Capybaras ka maʻalahi maʻalahi e hoʻokele ʻia. No lākou ke aloha, maʻalahi a maʻa mau. Ma nā kainga nui ʻAmelika Hui Pūʻāina, noho lākou e like me nā holoholona. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo kā mākou'āina, ʻo ka mālama ʻana i kēia holoholona holoholona ma ka home he pilikia pilikia. ʻAʻole kūpono ia kahi hale o ke kūlanakauhale no ia: pono ia i kahi nui, a ʻoi aku ka nui, ka loko wai, a nui hoʻi: ʻo ka rodent nui, hiki iā ia ke hele maʻamau a holo pū.
I ke kūlohelohe, ʻaʻole i ola kēia mau holoholona iʻoi aku ma mua o 6 mau makahiki; i ke pio ʻana hiki iā lākou ke ola no nā makahiki he 12 mau makahiki.