ʻO nā Beavers kekahi o nā holoholona kupaianaha loa i ka honua. Hiki i nā Lūkini ke haʻaheo e noho nei kēia mau mea hoihoi i ʻaneʻi. Ua koiia ko lakou mau niho. Hana lākou i nā kāʻei a me nā kumulāʻau mai nā lāʻau i kiola ʻia. A ka hope, loaʻa iā lākou kahi huelo scaly kupaianaha! Hiki iā mākou ke haʻi he ola ʻo ke kanaka he kolu o nā ʻike maoli.
He hoihoi: ʻOi aku ka ʻike o ka huaʻāua iā mākou ma mua o ka beaver. I ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole ia e like me ka poʻe. E like me nā lula o ka ʻōlelo Lūkini, ʻo ka ʻakaʻili ka inoa o ka holoholona ponoʻī, a ʻo ka ʻakaʻa ka inoa o ka hulu o kēia holoholona.
ʻElua mau ʻano
ʻO kahi beaver he mammal, kahi ʻelele o ke kauoha rodent, a ʻo kekahi o ka nui loa i ka ʻōku. ʻO ke kaumaha o ka beaver e pili ana i 30 kilograms, kēlā me kēia kanaka hiki ke hele i 50 kilograms. Ma ke paona, hoʻohālikelike ʻia i kahi keiki o nā kula mua o ke kula. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kino e piʻi i hoʻokahi mita, ʻo kekahi 20-45 kenimika ka huelo.
He hoihoi: Wahi a nā palapala i ka kenekulia 18 a ma mua, ua manaʻo nā kānaka ʻepekema i nā mākaʻi i nā ʻelele o nā papa iʻa. I mea e manaʻo ai i kēlā manaʻo, ua mālama ʻia kahi huikau scaly a me ke ʻano ola o ka wai. He mea maikaʻi loa kēia kuhi hewa no nā moʻo kilokino o ka hale pule Katolika: ua ʻae ʻia ka iʻa i kekahi mau lā hookeai.
I kēia mau lā, ʻelua mau holoholona o ka holoholona e noho ana ma ka honua: nā mea maʻamau, a i ʻole ka muliwai paha, e noho ana ma ʻEulopa a me Asia, a me ka beaver a Kanada, he kamaʻāina o ka ʻĀpana ʻAmelika Hema. ʻO ke kumu e noʻonoʻo ai iā lākou i nā ʻano ʻokoʻa, ʻaʻole nā subspecies - kahi ʻano genetic i ka nui o nā chromosomes. ʻAʻole hiki i ke "Eurasians" a me "Canadians" ke hoʻopilikia.
He hoihoi: Hoʻohanohano i ka beaver i kapa ʻia ke kūlanakauhale ʻo Bobruisk ma Belarus. Ua ʻike ʻia nā kānaka mua ona e hana ana i ka lawaiʻa a me ka lawaiʻa manu. Ua hopu ʻia nā holoholona ma ke kūlanakauhale i ke keleawe o nā kaʻe he ʻelua.
A ʻo wau kekahi beaver, maikaʻi ...
Ke alakaʻi nei kahi beaver i kahi ʻano semi-akuatic, a me kēia e hoʻoholo i kekahi mau hiʻohiʻona o kona ʻano a me nā ʻano hanu holoʻokoʻa. No ka laʻana, ka huelo, ʻeleʻele, mānoanoa, ʻōleʻa - lawelawe ʻia a he keʻokeʻo i ka wā eʻauʻau ana. ʻO nā membrane ma waena o nā manamana lima ʻelima, ma kahi o nā maka, he ʻili i pulu ʻia i ʻike ʻia i loko o ka wai. ʻO ka puka o ka pepeiao a me ka ihu e kokoke ana ma lalo o ka wai. Mālama ka waha paʻa ʻia i ka holoholona e huki i ka meaʻai, ʻoiai e kau pū ana.
ʻO ka beaver he lau mānoʻo o ka momona ma lalo o ka ʻili, nā māmā ikaika, kahi ate nui. He mānoanoa hoʻi ka ʻili, me ka hulu paʻakikī.
He hoihoi: ʻO ka manamana lua ma ka wāwae mua o ka beaver he claw forked. Mālama ʻia i ka lole hulu.
Kūkulu ʻia nā mea Beavers ma muli o ka hulu wale nō, akā e kiʻi pū ai ke kahawai beaver. ʻO kēia nā mauʻohana a nā holoholona e hōʻailona ai i ko lākou wahi. Hoʻohana ʻia lākou e nā ʻāpana kūikawā i kokoke i ke anus. I ka wā kahiko, ua hoʻohana ʻia kēia ʻano mea i loko o ka lāʻau lapaʻau, i kēia manawa mahalo nui ʻia i kahi mea ʻona no nā huahana poni.
He hoihoi kēia: Ma mua o nā holoholona i pepehi ʻia e kiʻi i kahi kahe ʻoka. Ua aʻo ʻia lākou i ka loaʻa ʻana o ka waiwai nui mai nā beavers ola i nā mahiʻai hulu.
ʻO nā ʻokoʻa ma waena o Kanata a me nā Beavers maʻamau
Kūlike loa, kūlike nā ʻelele o nā ʻano like ʻole, akā ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka beaver ʻo Eurasian ma nā nui nui. Loaʻa iā ia ke poʻo liʻiliʻi a ʻoi hoʻi ke poʻo, aʻo ka muzzle a ʻoi aku ka pōkole. ʻIli loa ʻia ka beaver ma lalo o ka undercoat, a ʻoi ka ʻili. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka Eurasian he mau wāwae pōkole, no laila, hele maikaʻi lākou ma luna o kona mau wāwae hind.
ʻOi aku ka lōʻihi o nā iwi ihal o ka beaver maʻamau, nā kulu ʻiliʻuku he kūlike nō ka helehelena, a ʻo nā hālaha o nā waʻa a Kanada he triangona maikaʻi loa. Loaʻa i nā bea anal ʻoi aku ka nui o ka Europa. Aia hoʻi ka ʻokoʻa ma nā kala o ka hulu.
Beaver Kanekia (Castor canadensis).
Ma kahi o 70% o beanvers Eurasian he māmā ʻulaʻula a he brown brown paha, 20% ka hulu puaʻa, 8% he pulu ʻulaʻula maka, a he 4% ka ʻeleʻele. I 50% o nā beavers Kanada, he kukui hālima ka ʻili, a ma 25% he ʻulaʻula, a ma 5% he ʻeleʻele.
Ma waho aʻe o nā ʻokoʻa ʻē aʻe, ʻokoʻa nā mahele o kēia ʻohana i ka helu o nā chromosome. He 40 chromosome ka beavers Kanada, a he 48. mau ʻōpio maʻamau he 48. ʻo nā helu chromosom ʻē aʻe i lilo ai i ka hoʻopiʻi ʻole ʻana o kēia mau ʻelele o nā konohiki ʻē aʻe.
ʻO nā māka - nā mea nona nā hulu waiwai ʻona.
Ma hope o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana e hala i ka wahine ʻo Eurasia a me ʻAmelika kāne, ʻaʻole i hoʻohālikelike ʻia ka wahine ma mua, a hānau ʻole i nā ʻehā make. ʻO ka loli, ʻaʻole hiki. Ma waena o nā iwi āpau ʻaʻole wale ke keʻakeʻa he mau tausani mau mile, akā, ʻo ka ʻokoʻa nō hoʻi o ka DNA.
Nā kumuwaiwai keu a me ko lākou helehelena
He ʻoi aku ka nui o nā ʻili wahine ma mua o nā kāne, ʻoi aku hoʻi, ua aliʻi ka wahine. ʻO ka paona awelika o nā mākaʻai ma Kanada he 15-35 kilograms, maʻa pinepine lākou ke kaupaona nei he 20 kilokilo me ka lōʻihi o ke kino o 1 mika. Ke ulu nui nei nā mānaka Kanaka i ka nohona, no laila hiki ke paona ʻia nā mea kahiko a i ka 45 kilograms.
ʻO nā beavers Eurasian, ma ka awelika, ʻo kā 30-32 kilograms, me ka lōʻihi o ke kino o 1-1.3 mika, a me ke kiʻekiʻe o 35 centimeter.
Ua kōkua nā niho o ka holoholona iā ia e ʻoki i nā kumulāʻau no ka mea hānai.
ʻO nā ʻāpana Kanada he kino squat. Ma nā lōlō he 5 mau pepeiao me lākou o nā manamana lima. Ma waena o nā manamana lima mau membrane. Hoʻohālike ʻia ka huelo me ke kino ma ke kino, ʻo kona laulā he 10-12 kenimika, a ʻo kona lōʻihi he 30 sentimita. Ua uhi ʻia ka huelo i nā papa i luna mai luna, a ulu nā lauoho ma waena o lākou. Mai ke waena o ka huelo e kau ai kahi alaloa manuahi ʻole, like me ke kahakaha o kahi moku.
He mau maka liʻiliʻi a me ka pepeiao pepeiao ka holoholona. ʻO nā beavers Kanada kahi pāpale kūlohelohe kūpono a me ka lauoho lauoho o waho. ʻOi aku ka mahaloia i nā hulu nani i ka ʻoihana.
Na Palapala Hoʻoohā a me ke Kino
ʻO nā kumulāʻau he mau māla puaʻa, ʻo kā lākou punahele punahele he mau lilia wai a me ka sedge. ʻAi nā mea ʻaʻai mai ka ʻalā mai alder, poplar, maple, aspen, nā kumulāʻau birch, akā naʻe, makemake lākou i nā ʻōpio ʻōpio.
I ka wā mua, ʻike ʻia he mea ʻeha wale paha ka ʻōpio, akā ua hewa kēia manaʻo. Mahalo i nā ʻakaʻaka, keu nā ʻāina, he mea koʻikoʻi loa ia no ka ʻōpio. Ua ʻoki kēia mau holoholona i nā lāʻau, akā ʻaʻole ma kahi kahi, akā kahi wale no i huki ʻia ai ka lāʻau i ka wai. Hoʻohana ka ʻōpala Beaver e kūkulu i nā kāmeli, a ʻōpī lākou i nā lālā, kahi ʻōpala, a me nā lau.
ʻO nā pua ākea āpau.
Ma ka hana ʻana i nā pahu, hana nā beanvers i nā ʻōpala kahi e noho ai nā iniseti, ma muli ke lele ʻana nā manu i nā kumulāʻau, kahi e lawe ai i nā hua iʻa ma nā wāwae a me nā hulu. No laila, ʻoki ka iʻa i loko o nā pahu.
Hoʻomaʻemae ʻia ka wai i nā kāmela i ka maʻemaʻe a me nā hana hoʻokipa koʻikoʻi. Make kekahi mau mea kanu i nā momi, a ua helu ʻia ka nui o nā lāʻau make, he mea nui ia no ke ola ʻana o kekahi mau holoholona a me nā holoholona.
Ke hele nei ke koena o nā kumulāʻau e hānai i nā ungulates a me nā ʻano pepeke like ʻole. ʻO ia hoʻi, he pono ka hana kūkulu ʻikepili i ka kūlohelohe. Akā hiki i nā pahu ākea ke hoʻopiʻi i kahi kanaka: nā ʻōpala a me nā mea kanu wai, e holoi i nā papa o nā kaʻa a me nā ala nui.
Noho nā Beavers ma nā puʻu e ʻeli nei i nā kālai kālā. He nui kēia mau lua, he labyrinth maoli me nā komo komo. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa nā ʻaoʻao o ka papahele i ka papahele ma mua o ka wai, inā pau ka wai, a laila hoʻokaʻawale ka ʻōpū i ka lepo mai ka ʻaoʻao kuʻi a laila e hāpai i ka papahele.
No laila, ʻaʻohe koi a me ke koʻi, ʻo ka mea ʻokiʻoki e ʻoki i nā lāʻau no ke kūkulu ʻana i nā pahu.
ʻAʻole nā beavers e hana i nā lua wale nō, akā ʻo nā “hale” hoʻi. Kuhi lākou i nā lālā i loko o nā pāpā, a laila e kāʻei iā lākou i ka pālolo a me ka silt. I loko, ke ala kahe o ka lā ma luna o ka wai. Hoʻokomo nā mea kikowaena i ka hale mai lalo o ka wai. Loaʻa nā hale uwea 3 mau mika ma ke kiʻekiʻe, a ʻo ka mamao o lākou e pili ana he 10 mika. He mau pā kumu ikaika ʻo ia mau hale e pale i nā mea nona nā mea ʻōpala.
Hoʻokūkū nā Beavers i ko lākou mau home me ko lākou mau puʻu. I ka hoʻoilo, ua hoʻohui ʻia nā hale me kahi papa o ka lepo a me ka pālolo, no laila e mālama mau lākou i ka mahana ma luna o ka zero, ʻo ia ka anu i waho. ʻAʻole hoʻoheʻe ʻia ka wai ma ka puka o ka lua. Hāʻawi kēia mau mea ʻai i ka maʻemaʻe, ʻaʻohe māhule a ʻole nā meaʻai ʻole ma ko lākou mau home.
ʻO nā Beavers ka holoholona holoholona, hana lākou i ko lākou mau ʻohana. Hoʻokahi ʻohana ʻohana ma kahi o 10 mau kānaka hoʻokahi - he mau mākua a me nā holoholona ʻōpio ʻaʻole i hiki i ka wā ʻōpiopio. Ma nā ʻāpana like, hiki i nā ʻohana beaver ke noho i hoʻokahi haneli. ʻO ka nui o ke kuʻuna a ka ʻohana ma ke kahakai he 3-4 mau kilomita. E like me ke kānāwai, ʻaʻole neʻe ka poʻe pīhoihoi ma mua o 200-300 mika mai ke kahakai.
Ma hope o ka haʻalele ʻana i ko lākou mau ʻohana, noho pilikino wale nā keiki ʻōpio maikaʻi no kekahi manawa i loko o nā lua i kūkulu ʻia, akā aia ka wā i loaʻa ai ko lākou ʻohana ponoʻī.
ʻO nā ʻōpala a me nā kāwele o nā beavers
Inā hiki ʻole ke lele, ʻaʻole palulu a maloʻo nā nā pua), kūkulu nā beavers i nā wahi i kahi o nā wao i kapa ʻia nā huts. Hoʻopili lākou i kahi hale hū mai nā lālā, hoʻopaʻa iā lākou me ka lepo a me ka lepo lepo. Kūpono ka kūkulu ʻia ʻana a ākea hoʻi. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa pinepine nā holoholona i nā hale he nui a he nui. Kahu ʻia nā noho o Beaver, ke kiʻekiʻe o ka hiki i 3 m, a me ke anawaena o 10! Hoʻomoʻoki maikaʻi nā mea kuʻi i ko lākou hale iho: uhi lākou i ka lua, hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka papahele me nā shavings. ʻOiai i ka wā o ka piʻo nui, ke kū nei ka mahana i loko o ka hale. ʻAʻole hiki i ka luku wale ʻana i kēia papa, ʻoi aku, loaʻa i ka manawa i kona poʻe noho ke hūnā i loko o ka wai ma o ka manholes wai.
Ma kahi e kū ʻole ai ka pae wai i hiki ke hoʻopaʻa ʻia iā ia, kūkulu nā beavers i kahi pōpua mai nā kumu lāʻau, nā pōhaku kaumaha, nā lālā, ka pālolo a me ka silt (pono lākou i kahi o ka wai o lalo o ka wai) mai ka hale). ʻO ke kumu no ia wā pinepine ka lilo i lāʻau hāʻule, kahi e hoʻopuni ai nā beavers me nā mea liʻiliʻi o nā hale. Hiki i kēia kiʻi ke hele i nā nui kupaianaha maoli: ʻo ka lōʻihi o 20-30 m, ke kiʻekiʻe o 2-3 a me ka laulā a hiki i 5 m. ʻO kēia mau mea hana lōʻihi, hiki ke kūpaʻa i ka paona o ka pākeke.
ʻO ka pono o ka hana beaver
He kiʻekiʻe ke kiʻekiʻe o ka hana ʻiliwa. No laila, no ka laʻana, hana ka pānaʻi i nā ʻōpua i ka pae o ka wai o ka lepo a me ka haʻalulu o ka pitonu manu. Ke lawa ʻole o ka moʻo ʻana o kēia mea waihona i ka nahele i mea nui e hoʻonui i ka ahi, he mea pōʻino loa ia i nā hōʻina wela. ʻO nā māka i loaʻa mai ka hana ʻana i nā kaʻi beaver e lilo i noho no nā invertebrates wai. Hoʻolohe kēia i ka nui o nā wai wai, e hoʻomaka ana i kahi pānaʻi ma kahi o ka nui.
Nā Kumali Pili Beaver
Noho nā Beavers ma nā ʻohana, e noho ana i nā wahi like no nā makahiki he nui, mai kēlā hanauna a i kēia hanauna. Hiki i ka papaʻaʻai Aft ke kiko i nā haneli mau haneli. Hoʻowahāwahā pinepine nā Beavers i ka hoʻouka ʻana o nā haole, akā ma nā wahi momona i nā meaʻai, nā wahi o nā ʻohana ʻē aʻe e hiki ke hoʻopili a komo i ka intersect.
ʻO nā Beavers ka holoholona monogamous, hana lākou i nā pālua no ke ola, a heʻe wale nā ʻohana i kēia hihia wale nō, inā make kekahi o nā hoa. I ka pūnāwai, ʻike ʻia nā beavers. ʻAʻole pinepine ma mua o ʻelima mau hānau. Ua uhi ʻia lākou me ka lauoho, ua hāmama nā maka. Mai nā lā mua o ke ola, hiki ke ʻauʻau manu. Mālama ka makuahine i nā ʻāpana me ka waiū no ʻekolu mau mahina, ʻoiai i ke kolu o ka pule he hoʻomaka lākou e ʻai i nā meaʻai kanu. Noho nā holoholona'ōpiopio me ko lākou mau mākua no 2.5-3 mau makahiki, ma hope o ka hoʻomaka ʻana i ke ola kūʻokoʻa, ke hele nei e ʻimi i kahi wahi kūpono i ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i kahi noho hou.
ʻO ka huli ʻana no ka meaʻai
ʻO nā kumuwaiwai he nocturnal. I ke awakea, waiho a kau a me nā lumi moe, e hele ana no nā meaʻai. I kā lākou meaʻai - nā mea kanu kanu: nā mea kanu, ka mea kanu wai kokoke i ka wai, lau, nā ʻōpala o nā ʻano lāʻau ʻē ʻole. No ka mea ʻaʻole kiʻekiʻe loa kēia meaʻai i nā kalori e ʻai ai, ʻai nui ka pōpoki i ka pō a pau, e hele wale ana i ka kakahiaka.
I ka hoʻoilo, hoʻomaka nā holoholona e mālama i ka meaʻai no ka hoʻoilo, mau pua o nā kumulāʻau a me nā mea kanu lāʻau, e mālama ana iā lākou ma lalo o ka waihona kālā. Ma nā hanana ʻole ka lawa ʻole o ka meaʻai i waiho kokoke i kahi e noho ai, hoʻouna ʻia nā beaver no ka meaʻai i ka ululāʻau kokoke. No ka halihali i nā lālā, hoʻohana lākou i nā waika i piha i ka wai, i kūkulu ʻia ma ka papa o nā ala he nui a hehi, a ʻole e ʻeliʻuku iā lākou.
Aole loa he lawaia
ʻO ka kuhi hewa nui loa e pili ana i nā beavers, ʻo kā lākou ʻai ʻana i ka iʻa. ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, he nui nā mea kanu o ka holoholona. Makemake lākou i ka willow a me ka aspen, ʻaʻole e hāʻawi i ka poplar, birch, kaʻa a me nā mea kanu kanu. Hoʻohanohano i nā ʻili a me nā ulu ʻōpio. ʻO kēia no ka ʻōʻī lākou i nā lāʻau.
He 5 mau minuke lawa no kahi beaver e hoʻolei i kahi kumulāʻau a hiki i ʻumi kenimika. Hana ka holoholona i kēia hana, e kū ana ma kona mau wāwae hind i hoʻomaha ma kona huelo - pono pono ia wale nō e ʻauʻau. I mua, ua hoʻonā ʻia nā niho, a hoʻopili ʻia ke kua, e ʻoluʻolu ana i nā mea hoihoi e noho koʻikoʻi. ʻO kāna ʻānia hoʻi e like me ka mea ʻike: nā niho kiʻekiʻe, aia ke aʻalolo, e kū mai me ka lāʻau, a me ka hapa o lalo o kāna waha i alakaʻi i hope.
He mea kūpono kēia: No ka hoʻoilo, hiki i ka ʻohana beaver ke mālama i nā lālā ma kahi o 70 mau mika cubic. Pēlā ke kaena i mālama ʻia ma lalo o ke kai i ka wai.
I nā minks a aiʻole nā huts
He hoihoi: ʻO ka lōʻihi loa o kahi pāpale beaver i ʻike ʻia e nā kānaka heʻoi aku ma mua o 800 mika.
ʻO nā lihilū o nā beaver i ka ʻai ʻana i ka iʻa e pili ana i ko lākou hiki ke kūkulu i nā kākini. Ma ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, me kā lākou kōkua i kā lākou hoʻoponopono i ka pae o ka wai i loko o ka loko i lilo ʻole ʻia kahi papana ma ka wehe ʻana i ke komo ʻana i kā lākou mau lua, a i ʻole ke kūleʻa ʻana, ʻaʻole kahe o ka lūlū. Kūkulu ʻia ka hale ʻaihue i ʻaʻohe wahi e eli ai i kahi lua i ke kai - ʻo ia ka lāʻau, kahi paʻa me ka silt, pālolo. E like me ka lua, pono ke komo ma loko. I ka hoʻoilo, hoʻomehana ke holoholona i ka hale no laila e kū maikaʻi ka mahana.
ʻO nā Beavers nā holoholona ʻohana, ʻoiai he mau moe kamaʻāina. ʻO kekahi ʻohana kahi makua, nā holoholona ʻōpio o nā makahiki i hala a hiki i ka makahiki ma mua o ka hala, a me nā kuʻi hou. Ua hānau ʻia ʻo ia i ka pūnāwai, aneane hiki iā ia ke ʻauʻau. He mea kuhihe ʻole nā mākua ʻaʻole nā keiki i aʻo i nā keiki e kūkulu i nā kuʻuna a me nā kāka.
ʻO ke kāne, ke poʻo o ka ʻohana, hōʻailona i nā palena me kona palena.
He mea hoihoi kēia: Ua hōʻike ʻia ʻo Beavers ma ka pā ʻana i ka wai me kā lākou huelo - me kēia ala e hiki ke hoʻokuʻu ʻia kahi hōʻailona pōʻino. ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻo ka huelo o kahi hāmeʻa multifunctional i kēia holoholona.
ʻAʻole kahi popo loa
ʻOi maikaʻi loa, ʻo ka hana lāʻau lāʻau ʻokiʻoki me nā pōpoki liʻiliʻi ma mua o nā pōpilikia. ʻO nā ʻnikaʻōpili ma muli o nā beaver i lilo i ka hūʻū - ua waiwai loa ko lākou mau dame i nā iniseti, mollusks, no laila he nui nā manu. Lawe mai lākou i ka hua ma nā wāwae mai nā wahi ʻē aʻe o ka hopu - ka nui o ka iʻa e ulu ana. E hoihoi i nā kumulāʻau i nā ʻalā a me ka ungulates me ka manawa e hānai ai i ka ʻili, nā lālā. Hoʻomaʻemae ʻia ka wai i loko o nā pā i kā lepo a me ka silt.
Ke hele nei kēia mau holoholona maikaʻi i ka ʻuʻiwa - ma muli o ka hopu holoholona nui ʻana e ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka kenekulia 20, ʻaʻohe no hoʻokahi a me ka hapa kaukani poʻe i waiho ʻia ma ka ʻāina ʻAmelika. ʻO ka pāpā ʻana o ka hiwahiwa a me ka wehe ʻana o kahi pānaʻi ma ka ʻāina Voronezh i kōkua i ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana i ka heluna o nā kānaka. Mai laila, noho mau beavers ʻaʻole wale i ko mākou ʻāina, akā i kekahi mau mea ʻē aʻe.
ʻO ka hapalua o kahi kenekulia ma mua, ua hoʻomaka nā ʻAmelika a me Kanemania e kiaʻi i kā lākou mea kūkulu kino ʻalani. I kēia lā, ua noho mamao aku ka beaver o Kanata i kahi mamao o kona wahi mua. Argentina, Sweden, Finland - ua lawe ʻia mai lākou e nā kānaka. A laila hoʻopau lākou iā lākou iho. No laila, hele mai nā holoholona Finnish i ka ʻāina o Lūkia, i kēia manawa ʻo ka helu o kā mākou ʻāina ma ka hapa hoʻokahi wale nō ma mua o ka nui o nā beaver maʻamau e noho nei.
He hoihoi: Loaʻa nā Beavers i ko lākou wahi ma ka lima o nā kūlanakauhale ma Russia, Kelemānia, Switzerland, Polani, Farani. Mai ka manawa nui, mau tiger me kahi pūʻani i kona mau niho i kau ʻia ma ka pāpale o nā lima o Irkutsk, akā no laila ua kapa ʻia ʻo ia he tigre, he babr. I ke hopena o kahi mea kuhi i ka kenekulia 19, ua kau ʻia kahi beaver ma laila. Ma hope o ka ʻike ʻana i nā kikoʻī, ʻike ʻia kahi holoholona kupaianaha: e like me ka wehewehe ʻana o ka pālima lima o Novosibirsk, ua kapa ʻia ka holoholona he babr, a hōʻike ʻia kekahi holoholona nui, ʻōwili like me kahi beaver.
Ma kā mākou papa pūnaewele hiki iā ʻoe ke kūʻai i nā holoholona i kāhiko ʻia e nā lima o ka poʻe akamai.
Kukulu hana ʻana
No ke aha e hānai ai i nā ʻōpua? No laila he nui nā wai āu. ʻO ka pinepine, kau ka ʻohana beaver i kahi wai liʻiliʻi a i ʻole kahe wai e hāpai i ka wai i loko o lākou, na rodents a kūkulu i kēia mau hana nani. Mahalo i ka pale, loaʻa ka wai liʻiliʻi mai ka muliwai, he wahi punahele punahele no nā beavers.
ʻO ka papa o ka haʻawina.
Noho ka wai e like me ka wai
He mea laka:
Kūkulu i ka pā ma lalo o ka wai.
E Guys, i kēia lā makemake wau e hōʻike iā ʻoe nā pua, nā pua nui nā mea kūkulu.
ʻO nā mea noho ma kahawai Beavers ka mea kūkulu hale hana.
Nā poʻe kikowaena - kupaianaha loa - nā holoholona ikaika. Eia wale nō hiki i nā mea ulana ke kūkulu ma nā kahawai a me nā kahawai platinum maoli, e like me nā lumberjacks, i hāʻule i nā lāʻau loloa, kūkulu hale i nā hale.
Kūleʻa, mākilo ʻia mai nā lālā, ʻoka ʻia kahawai kahe, ʻaʻole makaʻu i ka pīkoi platinumoia no nae na wai.
Akā eia ke platinum kūkulu ʻianunui nui muliwai ua ulu ka loko a me ke kumu o loko o ka loko beaver hut.
Ke komo ʻana i beaohao mau ka hū ma lalo o ka wai. I loko o kahi hut ma luna o ka pae o ka wai, hoʻonohonoho nā holoholona i kahi lumi noho malū. Ma laila e hoʻomaha ai nā holoholona i ka lā, a i ka pō e hele ai "kāinoa".
Eia beaohao ua loaʻa iā aspen a i willow a hoʻomaka e ʻohi i kahi lāʻau mai nā ʻaoʻao a pau. Ua hānai hope ka lāʻau.
ʻO ka lāʻau i hina nā puaʻokiʻoki: hoʻokaʻawale lākou i nā ʻāpana, ʻoki i ka ʻāpana i nā ʻāpana, a laila hoʻomaloʻo lākou a pau i lalo i ka wai i loko o ko lākou hale a waiho i kēlā me kēia i kekahi ma ka nui.
No laila, ea nā pua hoʻonohonoho i kā lākou mea ʻai no ka hoʻoilo. E hoʻomoʻa ka loko, a nā pua e noho lākou i loko o kā lākou hale a me ka leʻaleʻa me ka leʻaleʻa i nā ʻōpala a me nā lālā ʻōpala o ka aspen, willow, birch, poplar, a lākou makemake lākou.
Kawaipunahele nā pua, a ma ka pūnāwai he liʻiliʻi lākou nā pua. ^ E Ha yM. Nā keiki hānau hou nā pua ma hope o ʻelua mau lā ua lawoʻa nei lākou, a ma hope o ʻekolu mau pule e ʻai ai lākou i nā mea kanu. I ka wā lulu, e ulu nā holoholona, a e hui pū ka ʻohana paʻahana i ka ʻōpū, ko lākou hale a hoʻonohonoho i nā wahi hou o nā lālā.
7 kiʻi - 8 hoʻokolo
Pehea lākou e nānā ai nā pua? Ala akula ka p? Inā 'oe e nānā iā ia mai mua mai, e hāhoihoi loa ia me nā mea hoʻonani nani (niho e kū ana ma luna o ka lehelehe. Hana ʻo ia ma lalo o ka wai me lākou, me ka hā ʻole o kona waha.
A me kahi huelo ʻokoʻa beaohao, kōkua ʻo ia i ka palaka, hoʻoneʻe iā ia i ka wai.
Mea Hoʻonaʻauao: nā kāne, a i kēia manawa hana mākou i kahi papa hoʻonaʻauao kino.
Kū ulu nā blueberries i ka nahele
E ulu ana nā blueberries i ka nahele,
E koho i kahi ʻula
ʻIke hohonu. (Squats.)
Ua hele wau ma ka nahele.
Lawe wau i kahi hīnaʻi o nā hua waina. (E hele ana ma kahi e.)
Nā nīnau i nā keiki.
He aha kūkulu nā beavers? (platinum, huts)
Pehea e hōʻiliʻili ai i ka meaʻai?
Huki ʻia kahi lāʻau ma nā ʻaoʻao a pau, kahi lāʻau i hina nā puaʻokiʻoki: Ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā lālā, ʻokiʻoki i ke ʻāpana i nā ʻaoʻao.
He aha kā lākou mea e ʻai ai nā pua? (mauʻu, nā lālā, ka ʻōpala).
Mea Hoʻonaʻauao: i ʻōpio, i kēia lā ua huli mai ia iā mākou no ke kōkua beaver Kuzya, ua hoʻonoho ʻo ia ma nā kapa o ka muliwai, ʻaʻole i ulu nā lāʻau ma laila. E nā kānaka, kōkua iā Kuza a kanu i nā lāʻau kokoke i ka muliwai.
E nā kahu, mālama pono i ke kūlohelohe, pale i nā holoholona.
ʻO nā keiki me ke kumu lāʻau lāʻau lāʻau. Ua mahalo ʻo Kuzya i nā kāne no kā lākou kōkua.
Hōʻuluʻulu haʻawina o nā haʻawina "Nā Mākeke liʻiliʻi" (ʻōpio ʻoi hope loa) nā pahuhopu: hoʻomohala ʻana i ka ʻōlelo o nā keiki o ke kula mua, hoʻāla ʻia o nā huaʻōlelo. Nā hana: Nā hana hoʻonaʻauao: e aʻo i ke kāhea pololei.
Hōʻuluʻulu o ka haʻawina "E ʻike iā ʻoe iho" (ʻōpio hope ʻōpio) ʻO ka inoa o ka hana "E ʻike ʻoe iā ʻoe iho" (ʻoi aku ka lua o nā ʻōpiopio) aʻo ka holomua aʻoaʻo. I kēlā kakahiaka kēia kakahiaka, hoʻomaka kā mākou hālāwai ma kindergarten me nā huaʻōlelo ....
Nā ʻopslelo no ka haʻawina i hui ʻia "Iniseti" (ʻelua pōkole'ōpio) Sinopsis o ka haʻawina hoʻohui "Insect" hoʻomohala Cognitive: - e hoʻomohala nui a hoʻohui i nā ʻike o nā keiki e pili ana i nā iniseti, e hoʻolauna iā lākou i nā mea ʻokoʻa.
Hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo o ka lā tematikala "He manu kūlau mākou" (mahele ʻōpio lua) ʻO nā hōʻuluʻulu o ka lā temeni "He manu kūlau mākou" (II ʻōpio'ōpio) ʻo “Nā manu Bird” Kuhi: e kōkua i ka wehe ʻana i ka psycho-naʻau.
ʻO ka haʻawina o ka "Manaʻo" Haki "(ʻōpio ʻōpio hope loa) ʻO ke kumu o ka haʻawina: E hoʻonaʻauao i nā keiki ma ke ʻano he noi manuahi ma ka pepa pepa, e hōʻike mai pehea e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana i ka pā no ka hana.
Hōʻuluʻulu haʻawina o ka haʻawina "Basket me nā huaora" (ʻo ka ʻōpio ʻōpio hope loa) Kahi: e aʻo i nā keiki e hana pū me ka hana ʻana i kahi noi, me ke ʻano he ʻano maikaʻi i nā huahana olakino a maikaʻi.
Nā hōʻailona no ka hoʻohālike o ka "Sparrows a me ka pōpoki." Nā ʻōpiopio ʻōpio ʻelua: ʻōpiopio a me nā aesthetic development (model). Kūpono: "Kiʻi liʻiliʻi a me ka pōpoki." Nā Kuhi: ʻimi e launa me nā poʻe a me nā.
Kahi piha o ka haʻawina ma ke noi "Snowman" (ʻōpio ʻōpio hope loa) Nā hana: Kūkākūkā me ka honua waho: He aha ka makahiki a me ka malama ʻo ia? He ʻoluʻolu a i ʻole ke anu ma waho? Aia kekahi hau ma waho? ʻĀina? o.
Kahi piha o ka haʻawina "Ke kiʻi ʻana i ke Keikihipa" (ʻōpio muli loa) ʻO ke kumu o ka haʻawina: E hoʻonaʻauao i nā keiki pehea e hoʻonohonoho ai i nā ʻāpana o ke kino o ke keiki hipa a hoʻomohala i kahi ʻano mālama kino i nā holoholona. Nā hana papahana: 1. Hoʻonaʻauao.
Kālolilo o ka haʻawina "Zayushkina hut." ʻO ka puke ʻōpio ka lua ʻōpio ʻo ka pōpoki Hoʻopuka i ka haʻawina "Zayushkina's hut" Kahi E aʻo e hoʻopau i nā pahuhopu, e noʻonoʻo i ka manaʻo o ka ʻano moʻolelo, i pane.
E hoʻolohe i ka leo ʻāʻī
Ke ola nei ka ola ʻo Beaver ma luna o ka muliwai. I loko o ka wai, nāu beavers, hāʻule i loko o kahi paʻa a pakele paha mai nā mea kālepa. Ma lalo o ka wai, hiki i kēia mau rodents ke hele aku ma mua o 15 mau minuke. I ka wā e maopopo ai kahi pōʻino kūpono, hiki i ka hiki ke mālama i ka ea ke kōkua nui i nā beavers.
Ma mua o ke kūkulu ʻana i ka ʻehā, e hoʻoholo nā beavers i kahi o ke kūkulu ʻana. E koho ʻo Rodents i nā wahi i kahi e kū pono ai i nā kahakai kokoke i kēlā me kēia. Mālama nā mea kanu me ke alo i nā kumulāʻau i kahakai, no ka mea, ʻo ia ka hale kūkulu kumu nui. Kahuʻi nā Rodents i ka lāʻau lāʻau a kālai kūʻē iā lākou i lalo o ka muliwai, kahi i uhi ʻia ma waena o nā wahi he nui i ka pōhaku a me ka silt. Ua hoʻoikaika ʻia ka ʻāpana hele me nā lālā a me ka pālolo. ʻO kēlā mau hoʻolālā e ikaika a hilinaʻi.
ʻO ka māka, i kūkulu ʻia e nā beavers, hiki ke lōʻihi i ka 30 mika. I ke kumu, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka pa - e pili ana i ka 5 mau mika, a ma ka piko loa e kū ana ke kumu i 2 mika. ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o ka hoʻonohonoho e hiki i ka 3 mika. Nā ʻaukā i kūkulu ʻia e nā beavers 500 a me 850 mika ka lōʻihi.
Inā aia ka ikaika o ka wai ma ka wai, a laila e hana nā beavers i nā ʻōpala hou aʻe a hana i nā wai wai kūikawā e pale ai i ka luku ʻana i ka ʻano ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ka wai. Mālama mau nā Rodents i kā lākou hana ʻana, e hoʻopau koke i nā pōʻino liʻiliʻi a me nā mea lele.
ʻO ka hana hou a me ka ola ʻana o nā beavers
Hoʻokumu nā beanvers Kanada i nā kāne no ke ola, e wehe wale ka ʻokoʻa ma hope o ka make. Hoʻomaka ka hana pālua i nā holoholona ma ka hoʻoilo. ʻO ka hele ʻana o ka moena e hana i loko o ka wai. ʻO ka lōlihi ma nā beavers ma Kanada e lōʻihi i nā lā 128, a i loko o nā beavers maʻamau - 107 lā.
ʻO nā keiki pēpē 2-6 a ʻoi aku kahi 400 mika ka hānau ʻia. Mālama ka wahine i ka pua me ka waiū no 3 mau mahina. 1 kakahiaka ma hope o ka hānau ʻana, ua hiki i nā pēpē ke ʻauʻau. Hana ʻia ka males e nā makahiki he 3. I ka hapa nui o nā wahine, ʻike pū ʻia ka pālule ma 3 mau makahiki. Hiki i nā wahine ke hānau keiki i hoʻokahi manawa i kēlā me kēia 2 mau makahiki.
I ka nahele, ola nā beavers Kanada i 20-25 mau makahiki, a ma lalo o nā kūlana ola e ola nei a hiki i ka 35 makahiki.
Ka nui o nā ʻano
ʻAʻole i ka manawa ma mua, he 100 miliona mau beavers ma ʻAmelika ʻAmelika, akā, ma ka hopena o ka kenekulia 19, ua pau loa nā mea make. Mai ka heluna nui loa, ua noho wale nō nā koena liʻiliʻi.
I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā kenekulia 20, ua hoʻokū ʻia ka pāpā ʻana i ka luku ʻana i nā beavers. I kēia lā ma ʻAmelika, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā poʻe keu ʻehā ma Kanada. I Eurasia, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kūlana - ma ka hopena o ka kenekulia 20, ʻaʻohe mea o 1,200 mau kānaka i noho ma kēia terana nui.
Ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka pāpā ʻana i kā lākou luku ʻana i nā makahiki he 100, a ʻo ka hopena, ua hoʻonui ka nui i ka 700 tausani mau kaona. I nā ʻāina he nui o ʻEulopa, ua hoʻopau loa i nā beavers i nā kenekulia XVII-XIX, a i kēia lā ua loaʻa iā lākou kahi hānau hou ma laila.
Inā loaʻa ʻoe i kahi hala, e koho i kahi ʻāpana a me ka paʻi Ctrl + Kākau.