ʻO ka nahesa i hoʻohālikelike ʻia nā nahesa i ʻole nā mea ʻino o ka ʻohana e noho homogeneous, e puka mai ana i ka huaʻōlelo o nā mea aʻe kolo. Ua ʻike ʻia kēia ʻano o nā ʻīlio mai ka manawa o Miocene Waena o ʻAmelika Hema a me ka Miocene Upper o ka ʻākau ʻEulopa. ʻO ka ʻokoʻa nui ma waena o nā ʻīlio e piʻi mai nā aihue (ʻoiaʻiʻo) i ke ʻano o nā niho. Ma ka waha luna, hoʻokahi like nā niho a pau a hoʻonohonoho ʻia i kahi lālani mau, helu ʻia lākou mai 12 a 22 mau ʻāpana. Akā ʻoi aku ka nui o nā niho mua, aia ma ka iwi haʻahaʻa, ma mua o ke koena, no laila, ʻaʻole ʻoe e inoa inoa i ko lākou lālani.
Pahu me nā ʻōpū o nā puʻupuʻu e pili ana i ka hele mai o nā pale ma lalo o ka pale pale, nā pēpē a me nā ʻalike a i ʻole a i ʻole a i nā ʻāpana ʻāpana. ʻO ke poʻo hūlū e kū maikaʻi ana mai ke kino holoʻokoʻa me ke kōkua o kahi kolo lawelawe. Aia nā lehelehe ma waena o nā piliona ʻelua o ka ihu. No nā reptiles, kahi māhele o ka scute anal ka hiʻohiʻona.
ʻO ka naheka i hoʻohālike ʻia, me he ʻano lā, ua ʻike mua ʻia a wehewehe ʻia e ka German naturalist Peter Pallas, ua ʻike ʻia kēia i ka makahiki 1773, i ka wā i hoʻopuka ʻia ai kahi ekspedisi i Siberia. Ma ka ʻōlelo Leka, ua kapa ʻo ia i kēia reptile "Elaphe dione" e hoʻohanohano ai i ka akua Helene kahiko ʻo Dione, i hana ʻia me ka ʻoni a Zeus a me ka makuahine o Aphrodite me Dionysus. Hiki i ka nui o nā ʻano like ʻole e hele i ka lōʻihi o hoʻokahi a me ka hapa mika, akā ʻaʻole i maʻamau nā mau kikoʻī, ua like ka lōʻihi o ka lōʻihi o nā kauhele ʻokoʻa i loko o ka mita. He mea kūpono ke hoʻomaopopo ʻia he liʻiliʻi loa nā kāne ma mua o nā ʻīlio wahine.
He aha ka ʻano o ka nahesa manamana?
Kaheʻe ʻāpana - he ʻuʻulu ʻeke e hoʻokau, e like me ka nahesa. Aia nā ʻokoʻa o kona mau hiʻona - ʻike pinepine ʻole i nā poʻe he nui a i ka lōʻihi o 150 cm, akā ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā specimens makua.
E ʻike ʻia kēia ʻona ʻia e kāna ʻano hiʻona: i ka ʻaoʻao o luna o ka poʻo i hoʻonani ʻia me ka pihi ʻihi a hala kahi i pihi i nā kihi mua o nā maka, a ma ke kua o ke poʻo i ʻelua mau ʻāpana pōkole elongated elongated ākea e hoʻopili ʻia e ko lākou mau ʻaoʻao mua. Mai ka maka a i ka ʻā hala e hele wāwae ʻoliʻoli kino.
ʻO ke ʻano maʻamau o ke kala ʻana o ka kino ma luna, ʻo ka "marmer, brownish a hina paha, a ʻaʻole hoʻi he 4 ka lōʻihi o ka lula. ʻEleʻele a ʻeleʻele paha ka ʻōpū o ka nahesa me nā wahi ʻeleʻele liʻiliʻi. I kekahi manawa aia nā kānaka ʻeleʻele.
Hoʻaiho
ʻO ka noho ʻana o ka nahesa i hoʻohālikelike ʻia a i ʻole ʻo ia mai Iukuleka a hiki i ka ʻImi Hikina, e komo pū ana me Central Asia a me Kazakhstan, Eastern Transcaucasia, Korea, Kina a me Mongolia. Ma Lūkia, hiki ke hui i Dagestan, Stavropol, Volga, ma ka hema o Siberia a me ka Far East.
ʻO ka nahesa ʻānō i hoʻolaʻa ʻia i ka noho ʻana i nā ʻano ākea he nui. Noho ia i nā wao, nā kihi, nā semi-wao a me nā wao. Piʻi nā mauna i kahi kiʻekiʻe a hiki i 3500 mika. Noho ana ia i nā kahe o nā kahawai, ma nā wahi kuamoʻo alpine, i nā moena Reed. I ka hele pinepine ʻana o kēia ʻoki ma nā wahi noho, e komo i nā māla, nā ʻokaʻina a me nā māla waina.
ʻAuhea ke noho nei ka nahesa manamana?
Ua pālahalaha ka laulā o ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka naʻalola i hoʻohālikelike ʻia, ua pālahalaha nui kēia mea reptile a kūpono hoʻi i nā wahi like ʻole. Ka hala ʻana o ka noho hūlona na nāhelehe e hele mai nā palena o Ukraine a hiki i ka palena o Far East ma waena o Central Asia (nā panalāʻau o Kyrgyzstan, Turkmenistan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan) a me nā wāwae ʻo Kazakh. Noho ka nahesa i Korea, Eastern Transcaucasia, Mongolia, Iran a me China.
Ma ka ʻāina o ko mākou ʻāina, ua hoʻolaha ʻia ʻo:
- Volga
- Stavropol
- Dagestan
- Siberia Hema,
- Ma ka hikina mamao.
Noi paha ka nui o nā nahe i noho maikaʻi ʻia ma muli o ka hiki ke maʻalahi iā lākou e hoʻōla i nā ʻano aʻoaʻo a me nā ʻona ʻāina. E kaulana nā leʻa me nā waikahe wai, nā nāhelehele, nā wahi semi a me nā wahi neoneo, nā pāpū hele wāwae, nā pāpū ʻohe, nā ʻalāwi alpine, nā wahi kahawai, nā puʻu mauna, e piʻi ana i kahi kiʻekiʻe a ʻekolu a me ka hapa kilomita. ʻAʻole makaʻu loa kekahi poʻe kue, no laila ʻike pinepine ʻia lākou i kahi o kānaka, hopu lākou i ko lākou maka i nā kīhāpai a me nā māla waina, nā māla kua mahina ʻai.
Ola ola ka ʻalani i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia, nā mea i kāwili ʻia a me nā ulu lāʻau coniferous. ʻAʻole like nā ʻāina mānoanoa a me nā wahi neoneo iā ia. Noho ka nāhelehele i nā panalāʻau o ka paʻakai paʻakai, ke kō, nā pāheu, nā kuleana, nā ka nahele ulu juniper. No kāna lua, koho ke ʻoka i nā kikowaena ākea o nā lāʻau, nā pāʻauʻau lehulehu i nā ʻāina, a me nā hollow.
Nā hiʻohiʻona a me nā kiko
He lei nahesa mai ka ʻohana ʻehā mai ka ʻohana i like. ʻO kona lōʻihi ākea 110-150 kenimika, ʻo ia ka 17-30 sentimeter ka huelo. Heʻuʻuku ke kino, ua pōkole a palahalaha ke poʻo, kaawale i ka ʻāʻī. He ʻeleʻele ka haumana, ʻeleʻele. ʻOi aku ka ʻoi aku o ka hiʻona a maʻa loa o ke kala a ʻoi loa ka kiʻekiʻe. Aia ka prefrontal kokoke i kahi kokoke i ka infraorbital.
Hiki i ka paila postorbital ke piʻi mai ka 1 a 3, ka labial o luna - 8, i kekahi manawa 7 a he 9 paha, ma lalo o ka huelo 51-78 mau huina, a ma ka kino holoʻokoʻa he 23-28 mau laina o nā pauna. Ma ka ʻōpū, ma nā kāne, aia nā 171-201 mau unahi, i loko o nā wahine - 187-214. He haʻalulu nā unahi ma nā ʻaoʻao o ke kino, aʻo nā dorsal he palupalu nā iwi i ʻike ʻia a me nā lua apical ʻelua.
I ka ʻaoʻao luna o ke poʻo, hōʻike ʻia kahi ʻano hoʻohālike, e loli ai ka ulu ʻana o ka nahesa. I ka ʻāpana ma ke kino o ke poʻo, kahi kala ʻāʻele e pili ana i ka ʻāʻī loa. Hiki i ka ʻōpū ke kukui a melemele paha i loko o kahi pahu ʻaina a i ʻole me nā wahiʻeleʻele. I ka wā molting, hiki i ka kala ke loli nui a lilo i ʻōlamalama.
ʻAno lawehala
Ka ʻona ʻānō e alakaʻi ana i ke ʻano hoʻonaninani mau. Piʻi ʻo ia me ke kumu kūpono, ʻauʻau a ke kāwele. Hōʻike ka hana i kēlā me ke ao. Ma ka pō, aia ka ʻoki i nā pahū ma lalo o nā hale o lalo o nā pōhaku a me nā aʻa o nā mea kanu, i nā puʻu a me nā pali pōhaku.
Haʻalele ka reptile i kona wahi i ka wanaʻao a hoʻomehana ʻia i ka lā ma mua o ka hopu. ʻO ke kauwela kauwela, hiki ke loli kona papa hoʻonohonoho, a hoʻomaka ka lawaiʻa ʻana i ke kakahiaka.
ʻO ke kumu o kaʻai i ka hapa nui o nā wahi liʻiliʻi he mau liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi. Pili nā mea ʻai i ka meaʻai a me ka loaʻa o ka ʻai. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa pinepine ʻia nā pāʻani e nā manu pāʻani, amphibians, nā aheo a me nā iʻa.
Hōʻea nā ʻōlapa ʻōpiopio i nā naile ʻehā i hoʻohui ʻia, me ka hiki ke hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ka cannibalism me ka lawa ʻole o ka lako o ka meaʻai. Aloha nui ʻo ia e ʻahaʻaina i nā moa a me nā hua manu. Hoʻomau mau ʻia ka mea make mai ke poʻo.
I nā manawa pōʻino, wīlī ka ʻūlū me ka welau o kona huʻu a pā i ka mea koʻikoʻi, ke hoʻopuka nei i kahi ʻano menacing koʻikoʻi.
Ma nā wahi me ka anu anu, ua lana ka reptile i Kepakemapa a noho ma laila a hiki i ka hopena o ʻApelila. Ma ka ʻaoʻao hema o ka pā, e kū ana mai Nowemapa a Pepeluali.
Mahele ʻāpana, kahi noho
ʻO ka nahesa i hoʻokaʻawale maikaʻi i ke ola ma nā ʻāpana climatic ʻokoʻa. Hiki iā ia ke leʻaleʻa i ka ʻōpala maloʻo, nā wao nahele a me nā nahele ulu. Hiki ke loaʻa i ka naheka i:
- nā awāwa wai kahe nui,
- paʻa paʻa
- ʻo nā ʻohe
- alpine Meadows
- i na kahawai
- paʻakai paʻakai
- mau mahina ʻai
- māla
- māla waina.
- Kahiki-bank Ukraine (Lugansk wahi),
- ʻApana Volga
- Ciscaucasia
- Kaukoi,
- Transcaucasia
- Klaauaka,
- ʻEulani ma
- Kasakana,
- Siberia Hema
- Apekanikana,
- ʻIolani Iran
- Kina Akina
- Monokolia,
- Koria.
Lā iʻa ʻaʻano ʻʻai
ʻAi ia i nā mammals liʻiliʻi, nā nakahi liʻiliʻi, nā pepeke, nā iʻa, nā manu, nā hua manu. I ka mua, hoʻowalewale ka ʻona i ke kōkua o kona kino, e ʻai wale ana i ka mea make wale, e hoʻomaka ana mai ke poʻo a i hoʻomā mua ʻia me ka honi, hoʻopau i nā hua āpau. I waena o nā naheka, ua hoʻopaʻa pinepine ʻia nā hihia o ka cannibalism.
ʻAno hānau
Ma kahi o 2-3 mau makahiki, hiki i ka make ʻana i nā nahesa, nā ʻōpio wahine i ʻoi aku ma mua o nā kāne. ʻO ka wā hānai hiki i ka waena - i ka hopena o ka puna, aia kekahi i ka wā a hiki i ka hopena o ke kauwela.
I loko o ke kuikahi, ua like ka nui o nā hua mai 6 a 25, ua kau nā wahine i nā hua i loko o ka lepo o nā lāʻau palaʻai, ma ka mauʻu, kokoke i nā kino wai, lōʻihi ka manawa o ka inkubation ma kahi o hoʻokahi mahina.
ʻO nā aila hou i lōʻihi ka lōʻihi ma mua o 20 mau kenimika a ma kahi o ka 5 ka nui o ke kaupaona. Hoʻomaka ʻo Shedding i hoʻokahi pule ma hope o ka hānau ʻana, a hoʻomaka e ʻai i nā kiʻi liʻiliʻi.
Pono kekahi pākeke i kahi terrarium me kahi kumu o 100x50 cm a me ke kiʻekiʻe o 60 cm. Aia hoʻohui ʻia kēlā me kēia niho hou, e hoʻonui ʻia kona nui ma 20%. Inā hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana i ka nui o kahi e ola ai, a laila pono ʻoe e hoʻohana ia.
Hoʻohālikelike kēia ʻano ʻano e ka heʻe, no laila, ʻaʻole e hōʻeha wale ka nui o nā wahi no kona mau luna.
Hoʻokomo ʻia ka niu niu a i ʻole nā ʻāpana lau o ka hua a me nā lāʻau deciduous ma lalo o ka terrarium. Mai luna aia ua uhi ʻia me ka papana o ka lepo maʻa. ʻAʻole ia e kuhikuhi i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke one, nā ʻāpana cat a i ʻole kāwili ʻia no ka mea kanu me nā mea kanu.
No ka laweʻana i nā kaʻina wai, ua kau kahi pahu liʻiliʻi me kahi wai maʻemaʻe. Pēlā e lawa ai kona mau ʻāpana e kūpono i ka nahesa i paʻa i loko o ke apo. No kēia kumu, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā moku serule o ka pulupulu i nā ʻaoʻao ākea e pale i ka wai i ke komo ʻana i ka substrate.
ʻO ka haʻahaʻa o ka haʻalulu e alakaʻi i ke ʻano o nā fungi a me nā microorganism ʻē aʻe e hoʻoulu ai i nā maʻi maʻi i nā reptile.
E noʻonoʻo e noho i kahi o ka wahi a me kahi pou nānā, mai kahi e hiki ai i nā naheka ke noʻonoʻo i ke kaiapuni. No kēia mau pahuhopu, kūpono nā pōhaku lepo, nā lālā, driftwood, pālolo a ʻōlelo paha i nā huahana.
No ka hoʻolālā, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana i nā mea kanu kūlohelohe a pilikino paha. I ka hihia mua, ʻaʻole lākou e hoʻonani wale aku i ka mea o loko, akā e kōkua pū kekahi i ka microclimate olakino.
Mālama ʻia ka mahana i waena o ka 23 ° -26 ° C, a ma kahi e kau ai ka ʻauʻau ʻauʻau 28 ° -30 ° C.
No ka kukuiila, hoʻohana ʻia nā kukui reptile LED. Inā pili ka territory ma kahi o ka puka aniani, a laila ʻaʻohe pono e hoʻohana i ka radiation ultraviolet.
Loaʻa i ka nahe ka nui o ka nui o ka vitamina D mai ka hānai. Hōʻī nā mea holo i nā pōpoki, nā pōpoki, nā kiʻī, nā kiole, nā mele liʻiliʻi, nā lizards liʻiliʻi, nā hua manu a me nā moa. I ka haʻalele ʻana o ka meaʻai ola e hāʻawi i kahi a i ka pōkole, kahi e hoʻoheʻe ai i hoʻokahi hola ma mua o ka hānai.
ʻAi ʻia nā nahesa i hoʻokahi manawa ma ka hebedoma; no nā pākeke, hele lākou i kahi manawa pōloli mau no nā lā 14. Hiki iā lākou ke hana me ka ʻai ʻole no ka mau mahina me ka ʻole e hoʻopōʻino i ko lākou olakino.
Kauā a me ke kanaka
ʻO nā nahesa he ʻoluʻolu, ʻaʻole ka mea ʻona, ʻaʻole pau ka mōʻī o nā kānaka. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi me ka mālama ʻana i loko o ka aquarium a i ʻole terrarium, ʻoi aku me kahi ʻauʻau lawaiʻa no ka ʻauʻau a me ka inu.
ʻOi aku ka mea maikaʻi e mālama i nā naheka hoʻokahi, no ka mea he penchant no ka cannibalism. He aloha a ʻoluʻolu hoʻi nā nahesa, luhi pinepine ʻole e launa ai i kahi kanaka kūwaho. Akā ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi e huki a hope mai hope, mai ka kua, hoʻopiʻi i ka nahe i ka ʻāʻī, ʻoiai inā ʻoe e hana i mua i mua o ka maka, e hiki ke kau i ka maka i ka maka. ʻAʻole pōʻino, akā hikiʻole.
Ke ʻano o ka noho ʻana a me nā ʻano
E like me ka mea i ʻike ʻia, he ākea ka nui o ka hoʻonā ʻana i nā nakahi i hoʻohiki ʻia, akā ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻopaʻapaʻa ʻia he kiʻekiʻe o ka nui o kēia mau nāhelehele, ʻo kā lākou kūʻokoʻa ma nā wahi like ʻole, pinepine ka liʻiliʻi. ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, ma kekahi mau wahi a lākou eʻoluʻolu ai. ʻO ka hoʻohālike, i nā wahi i ulana ʻia ʻo Volgograd i nā ʻāpana e loaʻa ai a kokoke i nā wahi āpau, ʻo ka hapa nui o nā mea a lākou i koho ai i nā ʻāpana hikina a me ka hema. ʻO ke kaumaha, ʻaʻole ia i kēlā me kēia kūlana maikaʻi i nā nahesa i nā wahi āpau, ma nā wahi he nui loa lākou a hoʻomaka e nalowale mai nā wahi i noho ai ma mua o nā helu kūpono.
Ke ulu nei kēia kūlana, ʻo ka mea mua, ma muli o ke komo ʻana o ke kanaka ma ke kaona kūlohelohe. He kakaikahi nā wahi āpau ʻole i kuhi ʻia e nā nahesa. Hoʻopau ka poʻe iā lākou mai kahi o ko lākou wahi noho mau loa, ka wā e kūkulu ai i nā kūlanakauhale, ke kanu ʻana i ka māla, ka wai ʻana i nā ʻāina nāhelehele, ka hōʻilo ʻana i nā alahele, luku ʻia nā wao, hoʻopilikia ʻana i ke kūlana ʻola āpau.
No laila, hiki iā mākou keʻike wiwoʻole aku i ke kūlana o ka heluna o nā naiona i hoʻohuli ʻia ma nā wahi he nui e hopohopo i ka ʻona o nā hui kaiāulu, ʻoi aku ka helu ʻana o ka nui o nā nahesa, a ma kekahi mau wahi e hiki ke nalowale loa ai, kahi hewa kīwaha kanaka e hoʻopiʻi i nā mea āpau, no laila pono i nā nāhelehele i nā hana palekana kūikawā.
Ka pale o nā nahesa hoʻohālike
Mai luna mai ke kumu i ʻike ʻole ʻia ai ke ʻano me ka lehulehu o ka nahesa i hoʻohālike ʻole ʻia, akā na ka deplinable. Ma nā wahi he nui ma mua o nā ʻano nui o kēia mau nānika, hoʻomaka lākou e hālāwai me ka liʻiliʻi loa, ʻaʻole hoʻi ka helu i ka helu, ʻaʻole hiki ke hopohopo. Ma kahi mau wahi, kahi lohi o ka nui o ka nahesa i alakaʻi ʻia ai i ka manaʻo e aneane pau nā ʻalā, no laila, ma kekahi mau wahi ma ka ʻāina o ka Lūkini Lūkia, ua kākau ʻia kēia mau holoholona kolo me nā Puke Maikaʻi.
Ka lālani palāahi i kau ʻia ma ka Red Red Books o ke Terekia Krasnoyarsk a me ka Repubalika o Khakassia. Eia ua kau ʻia i ka helu ʻehā a loaʻa ke ʻano o kekahi ʻano, ʻo ka helu kūikawā i ʻike ʻole ʻia, ʻaʻole e emi mau. ʻO ka moʻo e like me ia i nā ʻāpana ʻĀina o Ulyanovsk, Samara a me Orenburg. E kau ana ka nahesa i ka ʻaoʻao ʻekolu a loaʻa ke ʻano o nā ʻano ʻano nui loa me kahi helu ʻole. Mai ka makahiki 2007, ua kau pū ʻia ka ʻolua hoʻohālike ʻia i ka Red Book mai 2007 a ʻoi aku ka lahu ʻewaʻewa maʻamau i maʻamau i nā wahi liʻiliʻi a me ka pilikia o ka repubalika.
Ke ʻike mau nei nā mea koʻikoʻi i nā wahi he nui, akā ʻaʻole maopopo ia he hopena maikaʻi loa ka hopena o ka anthropogenic. Hōʻea ka pili ʻana i nā biotopes kūlohelohe, kīhai i ka ʻāina, ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i nā wahi hānai ma nā wahi o ka lawaiʻa ʻoki, kūkulu ʻana i kahi noho hou, ʻo ia hoʻi ka puna wai kūwaho i hoʻopilikia ʻia e ka nui o nā kānaka reptile, e alakaʻi ana i ka nui o nā nahesa i hoʻohilahila ʻia i ka hoʻoweliweli o ka make.
No ka hōʻalo ʻana, pono ia e kau i kēia ʻano pale palekana:
- ke ʻike ʻana i nā pūnaewele me ka ulaula kiʻekiʻe a me ko lākou ʻike e pale ʻia,
- hana hoʻomalaha kanaka no nā reptile,
- wehewehe ho'ākāka e pili ana i ka hoʻopau ʻana i nā papa,
- ka lawehala a me ka hoʻopukapuka kuleana e waiho ai i ke ahi i ka lāʻau make
- ka hana ʻana o nā mea mālama mai ke ʻano,
- pāpā paʻa ʻana i nā nahe.
E hōʻuluʻulu i, e waiho i ia i hoʻohui i kēlā nahesa ʻokiʻoki ʻaʻole like e like me ke ʻano he nānā mua. ʻO nā mea he nui o lākou, ʻo ka nahesa manamana, ʻaʻole i loaʻa i ka lāʻā i nā mea make, a hopohopo paha lākou no lākou iho, e hiki ke hōʻeha iā lākou. ʻAʻole pono nā kānaka i ka pīhoihoi nui i ka reptile, no ka mea lawe lākou i nā pōmaikaʻi nui ma ka ʻai ʻana i ka nui o nā ʻano āpau. ʻO kahi ʻanoʻano maikaʻi o ke kanaka, mālama a mālama a mālama i nā haki e alakaʻi i ka manaʻo e hoʻihoʻi hou ʻia kā lākou mau helu mua, e lanakila ana i nā hoʻoweliweli a pau.
Wikiō: nahesa ʻokiʻoki
Pahu me nā ʻōpū o nā puʻupuʻu e pili ana i ka hele mai o nā pale ma lalo o ka pale pale, nā pēpē a me nā ʻalike a i ʻole a i ʻole a i nā ʻāpana ʻāpana. ʻO ke poʻo hūlū e kū maikaʻi ana mai ke kino holoʻokoʻa me ke kōkua o kahi kolo lawelawe. Aia nā lehelehe ma waena o nā mea makaʻu o ka ihu. No nā reptiles, kahi māhele o ka scute anal ka hiʻohiʻona.
ʻO ka naheka i hoʻohālike ʻia, me he ʻano lā, ua ʻike mua ʻia a wehewehe ʻia e ka German naturalist Peter Pallas, ua ʻike ʻia i ka makahiki 1773, i ka wā i hoʻopuka ʻia ai kahi ekspedisi i Siberia.Ma ka ʻōlelo Leka, ua kapa ʻo ia i kēia reptile "Elaphe dione" e hoʻohanohano ai i ka akua Helene kahiko ʻo Dione, i hana ʻia me ka ʻoni a Zeus a me ka makuahine o Aphrodite me Dionysus. Hiki i ka nui o nā ʻano like ʻole e hele i ka lōʻihi o hoʻokahi a me ka hapa mika, akā ʻaʻole i maʻamau nā mau kikoʻī, ua like ka lōʻihi o ka lōʻihi o nā kauhele ʻokoʻa i loko o ka mita. He mea kūpono ke hoʻomaopopo ʻia he liʻiliʻi loa nā kāne ma mua o nā ʻīlio wahine.
Nā hiʻohiʻona a me nā hiʻohiʻona
Kuhi: Snake patterned Snake
ʻAʻohe mea kupanaha ua kapa ʻia kēia ʻōlapa, a maʻalahi ia e ʻike ʻia e ka mea hoʻohanohano kūikawā e hoʻonani i ke poʻo o ka mea reptile. He ʻōuli ʻea ʻeleʻele e holo i luna o ke poʻo, e hoʻopili ana i nā maka e like me ke aniani o ke aniani. I ka ʻāina occipital, ʻelua mau ākea ka lōʻihi me ka palahalaha like ʻole e kū like ʻole, i mua ke alo o ka pilina ma ka ʻaoʻao. ʻO kahi kaula kuʻi kino o nā pale uliuli e kū mai ana mai nā maka a i ka lei.
ʻO ka peni maʻamau o nā nahepa ʻalani ʻia he hina hina-ʻulaʻula me kahi kāʻei brownish. ʻO ka ʻōlau he laka me nā pūlina ʻelua o nā paina lōʻihi; aia kekahi mau ʻalā he mau ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele ʻokoʻa i ka waiho ʻia. ʻO ka ʻōpū o ka nahesa i kahi leo hina a ʻeleʻele paha me nā ʻāpana ʻulaʻula a i ʻole nā ʻāpana ʻulaʻula. Loaʻa a iliʻi nā ʻāpana ʻaoʻao o ka nahesa, a ma ke kua, ua liʻiliʻi lākou i ka lipi a ua lako ʻia me nā pou i nā kihi. Ma keʻano laulā, ma ke ʻano kūʻokoʻa nā waihoʻoluʻu like ʻole o nā mea hoʻohālike, i kau ʻia ia ma nā wahi o ko lākou wehe ʻana. Ma hope o ke kaʻina molting, lilo lākou i pīhoihoi hou, akā i ka manawa ua hoʻihoʻi ʻia ko lākou kukui.
ʻO kahi mea e hoihoi ai: I ka vivo, aia nā alakaʻi manawaleʻa o ka ʻulaʻula, ʻeleʻele, ʻulaʻula, ulaula, ʻōmaʻomaʻo. Ma waena o kēia mau lehelehe he ʻelua melanists a me nā albinos.
Inā mākou i kiʻi i ka nui o ka nahesa pono, a laila pono ke ʻike i ka lōʻihi o kona huelo, i like ka 17 a 30 cm. ʻOiai ʻoi aku ka ʻoi o ka wahine o kēia ʻano ma mua o ko lākou mau ʻohana, ʻoi aku ka pōkole o kā lākou huki ma mua o ke kāne a ʻaʻole ʻōnoʻa loa ma ka kumu nui. ʻO kekahi ʻokoʻa ʻē aʻe o ka wahine i ka hele ʻana o nā pale, aia nā kāne i ʻoi aku ma mua o nā wahine.
27.02.2018
Ka ʻāpana ʻolua (Latin Elaphe dione) a no ka ʻohana ʻAne (Colubridae). Ua wehewehe mua ʻia kēia ʻano ma 1773 e ka German naturalist Peter Simon Pallas i ka wā o kona holo ʻana i Siberia.
Hāʻawi ʻo ia i kona inoa ʻepekema ma ka hanohano o ke akua wahine ʻo Dione, ka mea i mahalo ʻia ma ke kūlanakauhale Helene o Dodon i ka wahine a Zeus, ka makuahine o Dionysus a me Aphrodite.
Hōʻike ʻia kēia ʻona ʻinoʻino e ke ʻano kūpono a me ka unpretentiousness. Mālama pinepine ʻia ʻo ia me he holoholona, ʻo ka mālama ʻana i ka pio he mea nui ʻole ia pilikia a ʻaʻole pono i kahi terrarium nui. E like me ke kulekele, he nui nā pōʻale o nā holoholona makua i ka nui o nā wahi e noho nei ma kahi mau mika 0,5. m
He aha kekahi mea eʻai ai i ka nahesa manamana?
Kiʻi hoʻāla: Hoʻokahi pipi i Lūkia
Hiki ke kapa ʻia ke ʻano o nā ʻāpana o nā nakahi.
Hōʻailona ka ʻōpū hoʻohuihā ʻia a piʻi i loko o nā lālā o nā kumulāʻau, no laila ke hewa pinepine nei ia e ka nāhelehele ʻana o nā manu ʻuʻuku e ka ʻai ʻana i kā lākou hua ma ke ʻano like ʻole. Ua puni ia iā lākou a pau, me ka haki ʻole ʻana i ka ʻū me kāna mau kiʻowai, ma ka wahi o ka esophagus mau kaʻina kūikawā o ke kuekupapula e haki iā ia. Makemake i ka ʻahaʻaina i ka nahesa a me nā mea ʻē aʻe: nā ʻōpala a me nā nahesa i waenakonu, ʻoiai ʻawaʻawa. Hōʻalo ʻia nā mea maiā e hōʻole ʻole i ka bead, he ʻahā, nā ʻano hua manu like ʻole, nā iʻa pākaha.
ʻO kekahi mea kupaianaha: Loaʻa ʻia nā kahe e pili ana i ka cannibalism, i hiki iā lākou ke ʻai i ko lākou kaikuaʻana kokoke ʻole me ke aloha.
Na ke ʻili a me kāna ʻike e kōkua ai i ka ʻimi i ka nahesa, nā hoʻomaikaʻi iā lākou, ʻike ʻia ka mea make. ʻAʻole loa e ʻai nā ʻīpekē i ka ʻai o ke hōʻike ʻana i nā hōʻailona o ke ola. ʻO ka mea mua, luku lākou iā ia, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā hoʻopunipuni hāneʻa, e like me ka boas, a laila hoʻomaka wale lākou i kahi pāʻina, me ka ʻai ʻana i ke kino ola o ka mea i honi ʻia, me ka nui o kā lākou lawaiʻa Hoʻomaka mau ke kaʻina o ka absorption me ke poʻo.
Hoʻokomo ʻia nā noho pio i ka noho pio ʻana me nā ʻano kīloko liʻiliʻi, nā mele mele, nā lizards, a me nā hua manu. ʻAi pinepine nā terrariums i ka hānai ma mua o ka hoʻolauna ʻana. Ma mua o kahi ʻai ʻaina, hele ʻo ia i kahi kaʻina hana defrosting. Hoʻokumu ʻia ka hana ʻai ʻana i nā moʻo makua ʻehā i hoʻokahi pule. Ma ka laulā, hiki i nā nahele ʻalani ke hana me ka ʻole o ka meaʻai i hoʻokahi mahina no hoʻokahi mahina, ʻaʻole ia e hōʻino i ke ola o nā reptile.
I kēia manawa ʻike ʻoe pehea e mālama ai i ka nahesa manamana i ka home. E ʻike kā mākou e noho nei i ka wao.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o ke ʻano a me nā ʻano hana
Kuhi: Kaheʻe ʻokiʻoni
Hoʻohana ka ʻōpū i ka wā i ke ao, a i ka pō a me ka wela wela, makemake nui ia i kona kahua hilinaʻi, ʻo ia hoʻi nā mākele, nā lāʻau palu, a me nā hoki. I ka hapanui pinepine i ka pūnāwai, ʻike ʻoe i kekahi mau pōpoki ʻokoʻa i hoʻokahi manawa, akā ʻaʻole lākou i hana i nā ʻaka he nui, e like me nā nahesa.
Ua hoʻolako ʻia ka nahesa me ka mau maka maikaʻi loa a me ka ʻono hoʻi, hiki ke piʻi ʻoluʻolu i nā lālā lāʻau, ʻaʻole lākou hopohopo i ka wai. Pahu nani ka reptile i laila, no laila ua pāheʻe ʻo ia i loko o ka wai wai a me ka wai kai. Hiki i ka ʻalani i hoʻolaʻa ʻia i hiki ke make pono, ma ko mākou ʻāina e hoʻohana ʻo ia i nā manawa ma ke kahawai kahakai ma ka hui ʻana i ka nahe wai. E hele ana nā Snows i ka pua i ka mahina o Kepakemapa-Nowemapa, a e ala i ke neʻe ʻana i ka hoʻonaʻauao ʻana i ka lā Malaki aiʻole ʻApelila He manawa kūpono ʻole kēia, ke kau nei kēlā me ke ʻano kikoʻī i kahi kikoʻī. Ma nā ʻāina hema a me nā ʻāina me kahi mahana, ua pau ka ʻoluʻolu me ka hiki ʻana mai o Pepeluali.
No nā kānaka, ʻaʻole i pilikia ka ʻili, no ka mea, ʻaʻole i pau ka maʻiʻaʻai. He kūlana pilikino a maluhia kona. Ke ʻike nei i ka poʻe i kahi kokoke, ʻo ka ʻlake wahine nona ia e hoʻāʻo e peʻe no kona palekana. ʻO ka poʻe nona nā terariums e hōʻoia i ka pilikino o ke ʻano o nā nahe i hoʻohālikelike ʻia, ʻaʻole ko kēia mau reptile. Ma kahiʻoi aʻe, kū mālie lākou a hopohopo, ʻo ia ke kumu i paʻakikī ʻole ai e mālama iā lākou. E hui pono nā kime o nā ʻīlona makua maikaʻi i kahi terrarium liʻiliʻi, i loaʻa ka manaʻo nui. E hoʻohana a maʻalahi nā nahesa i kēlā kanaka me ka wikiwiki.
ʻO ka hoʻolālā ʻenehana a me ka hana hou
Kahi kiʻi: nahesa ʻona liʻiliʻi
Hoʻomau ka wā mare i nā nahelehele i ka lāʻApelila-Mei, akā ma kekahi mau wahi i ulu nui ai ke anuanu, hiki iā ia ke pau i Iune a pau. I kēia wā pīhoihoi na ka nahesa, hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa i nā ʻōpū o nā reptile tauira like ʻole. Hoʻokomo ʻia kēia mau holoholona manu me ka hua ʻana, no laila e hoʻokokoke ka wahine i ke ʻano o ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i kāna pili, ʻo ia paha:
- i nā pua nani loa kokoke i kekahi mau loko lahilahi.
- pohō me nā palaʻu pala
- lū lāʻau ʻoihana,
- ʻai honua
- ma lalo o nā kumulāʻau.
Hiki i ka pokela ke helu mai 5 a 24 mau hua, hiki ke hoʻololi iki a pau i ka lōʻihi (mai 16 a 17,6 mm). Aia kekahi mau manawa i kau ai ka nui o nā wahine i nā hua liʻiliʻi i ka manawa hoʻokahi, ʻo ka nui o kēlā mau kolamu hui i hiki aku i 120 mau hua, akā ʻo ka hapa pinepine o kēia helu nui ka hapalua wale o ka nahesa i hiki ke ola.
Mea ʻoi: He wā pōkole ka manawa incubation (ma kahi o hoʻokahi mahina, a i kekahi manawa ʻelua pule), no ka mea nā hua momona e hoʻopili ʻia nā embryos kūpono. ʻO nā ʻōpū o ka nahesa hoʻohālike e hoʻomaka ana e hoʻomohala ma ka wā e noho ana lākou i nā oviducts o ka makuahine.
ʻIke ʻo Herpetologists i nā ʻīlio wahine hoʻohālike mau i ka hānai nui, inā hoʻi i ka wā kahili, mālama lākou i ka mālama ʻana i kā lākou masonry, ke ʻoki nei i ko lākou ʻano kahe ʻūlani a puni lākou i hāʻule ʻole nā hua i loko o nā puʻupuʻu a me nā mea maʻi ʻē aʻe. Nānahu a nā kauahi i nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe mai Iulai a Kepakemapa.
Lā ka lōʻihi o ko lākou lōʻihi mai 18 a 25 cm, a ʻano like ka laulā mai 3 a 9 g. He like like nā ʻōpio ma kahi hiʻohiʻona i ko lākou mau mākua, ulu koke lākou a loaʻa ʻaʻole wale ke kūʻokoʻa, akā ʻo ke ola nō hoʻi. A ʻo ke ola o nā nahesa ma ko lākou wahi kūlohelohe he 9 mau makahiki, ʻoiai i ke pio ʻana hiki iā lākou ke ola a hiki i ka 11.
ʻO nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe o nā nahesa laulamalama
Kiʻi hoʻāla: Hoʻokahi pipi i Lūkia
I nā kūlana kūlohelohe maoli, ʻaʻole maʻalahi ka palaka i hoʻohalike ʻia, no ka mea ua pau ʻole ia, ʻaʻole ia i nā nui nui, no laila he nui nā ʻenemi. Ke kali nei ka pōʻino i nā nahesa, ma ka honua a ma ka lewa. Mai noʻonoʻo ʻoe e ʻai i kēia mea kīwī i kēlā me kēia ʻano o nā holoholona hihiu (martens, fox, badger). Hāpai ka poʻe hoʻohanohano i nā ʻōkuhi lele i luna o nā nahe i hoʻohālikelike ʻia (ʻaeto, kites). ʻO ka mea mua, ʻo ka ulu liʻiliʻi o ka ulu keiki ʻōpio, ʻo ia ka mea nui loa, e ʻeha. E poina e pili ana i ka cannibalism, e ulu ana i waena o nā reptile i hoʻohālike ʻia, i lilo ai nā naheka i lilo i ʻenemi o ko lākou mau hoahānau ponoʻī.
Loaʻa i ka naheka ʻōniʻoniʻo kahi pānaʻi hoihoi kūleʻa. I nā kūlana kūwaho a me ka weliweli, ke hoʻohālike ʻia me kahi o nā kiʻi a hoʻomaka me ka hāhū me ke poʻo o kāna huelo o kāna ihe, aʻo ka mea e kū ai i kekahi mau leo o nā leo kūmole i like ʻole me nā leo o nā lālī. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole koʻikoʻi kēia a hoʻoweliweli, no ka mea ʻaʻohe pulakalaha i ka hakahaka o ka huelo, akā ʻo ka mea pinepine kēia kūleʻa, ua pōmaikaʻi, kahi hōʻeuʻeu i kahi ʻenemi i kū mai nei.
I nā ʻenemi, hiki ke helu ʻia ka naheka i kanaka. I kekahi manawa e pepehi ai ka poʻe i kēia mau reptile, e lawe ana iā lākou no ka pōʻino a me ka meaʻala. ʻO ka hana like ʻole o ke kanaka e alakaʻi i ka nui o nā kānaka i ko lākou mau ola ponoʻī, me ka noʻonoʻo ʻole e lele i nā ʻāina o nā poʻe ʻē aʻe, kahi i loaʻa ai nā nahesa i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka hōʻeha mai ka maʻi kanaka. Nāna nā nāhelehele i mālama ʻia e ko lākou hoʻomaluhi, ka wikiwiki i ka neʻe, ka hiki ke holo maikaʻi a holo maikaʻi ma nā lālā o nā lāʻau, kahi e hiki ai iā lākou ke piʻi mai nā mea aʻo nui.
Nā koho ʻē aʻe:
Kiʻi Gully
Ka luakini ma ka inoa o ke Kumuhana Trinity Life
ʻO Lake kaiāulu me Baskunchak a me kahi mauna ʻo Big Bogdo
ʻUhane - Cemaka Kremlin "Hero's Sloboda"
Ke hele kahi kaʻa e Saratov no ka hopena pule
Ka ʻāina ʻo Prince Kurakin "Nadezhdino"
ʻO ke kumu o ke kahawai ʻo Khoper a me ka monumona "Old Man-Khoper"
Cave paʻakikī i loko o kahi Big Divas
"Kudykina Gora"
Manor V.N. Voeikova
ʻO ka mea ʻike kupanaha "Castle Garibaldi"
ʻO ka ʻāina noho o nā aliʻi Golitsyn-Prozorovsky "Zubrilovka"
ʻO Buckwheat Lutheran Church
Kahiwa kūpaʻa "
Aia ma ka inoa ʻo Alexander Nevsky
Luna kūlohelohe "Scherbakovsky"
ʻO ka moʻomeheu moʻomeheu a me nā hanana moʻomeheu o ke kuʻu puna ʻo Kuvaka
Malumalu ma ka inoa o Kazan Ikona o ka Maku o ke Akua
Manor o Count V.P. Orlov-Davydov
ʻO ka lāʻau Medveditskaya a me ka pālahalaha kikowaena Mountain Mountain
Tarkhany - Hale Hōʻikeʻike Lermontov
Cave paʻakikī i loko o kahi Divas liʻiliʻi
ʻO nā holoholona o ka māhele Saratov
Ka ʻāpana ʻolua (Latin Elaphe dione) no ka ʻohana Already. Ua wehewehe mua ʻia kēia ʻano ma 1773 e ka German naturalist Peter Simon Pallas i ka wā o kona holo ʻana i Siberia. Hāʻawi ʻo ia i kona inoa ʻepekema ma ka hanohano o ke akua wahine ʻo Dione, ka mea i mahalo ʻia ma ke kūlanakauhale Helene o Dodon i ka wahine a Zeus, ka makuahine o Dionysus a me Aphrodite. Hōʻike ʻia kēia ʻona ʻinoʻino e ke ʻano kūpono a me ka unpretentiousness. Mālama pinepine ʻia ʻo ia me he holoholona, ʻo ka mālama ʻana i ka pio he mea nui ʻole ia pilikia a ʻaʻole pono i kahi terrarium nui. E like me ke kulekele, he nui nā pōʻale o nā holoholona makua i ka nui o nā wahi e noho nei ma kahi mau mika 0,5. m
Kaheʻe ʻāpana - he ʻuʻulu ʻeke e hoʻokau, e like me ka nahesa. Aia nā ʻokoʻa o kona mau hiʻona - ʻike pinepine ʻole i nā poʻe he nui a i ka lōʻihi o 150 cm, akā ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā specimens makua. E ʻike ʻia kēia ʻona ʻia e kāna ʻano hiʻona: i ka ʻaoʻao o luna o ka poʻo i hoʻonani ʻia me ka pihi ʻihi a hala kahi i pihi i nā kihi mua o nā maka, a ma ke kua o ke poʻo i ʻelua mau ʻāpana pōkole elongated elongated ākea e hoʻopili ʻia e ko lākou mau ʻaoʻao mua. Mai ka maka a i ka ʻā hala e hele wāwae ʻoliʻoli kino. ʻO ke ʻano maʻamau o ke kala ʻana o ka kino ma luna, ʻo ka "marmer, brownish a hina paha, a ʻaʻole hoʻi he 4 ka lōʻihi o ka lula. ʻEleʻele a ʻeleʻele paha ka ʻōpū o ka nahesa me nā wahi ʻeleʻele liʻiliʻi. I kekahi manawa aia nā kānaka ʻeleʻele.
Hoʻohālikelike nā nahealona e pili ana i ka ʻāina ma kahi āpau, ʻoiai ka mea maʻamau ka hema a me ka māhele hikina. Hoʻohui maikaʻi ʻia ka nahe anu maka no ka noho ʻana i nā ʻano ʻokoʻa o nā ʻeneki kūlohelohe: mai nā kihi ʻanuʻu a me nā wīwī i nā nīnū me ka ulu like ʻole. Noho nui ana nā wao, nā wāwae, a me nā semi-deses. Loaʻa ʻia ia ma nā kahawai wai, tuʻe a me nā puʻu, i nā wahi me nā awāwa o nā māla, nā māla lau a me nā ʻūhā, ma nā ulu lāʻau juniper a me nā kuahiwi.
Ka ʻōhū ʻānō e alakaʻi nei i ke ala o ke ola ākea, akā hiki iā ia ke ʻenekue ʻā i luna i nā lālā a me nā mauhelehele, lana e lana maikaʻi a hiki hoʻi i ka neʻe. Aia ka ʻōpū o ka hana a kēia naheka i ka ao, i ka pō e makemake ai ka nahesa e hūnā i nā kuʻi a wehe ʻole ʻia ma lalo o nā aʻa. Haʻalele ka reptile i kona wahi i ka wanaʻao a hoʻomehana ʻia i ka lā ma mua o ka hopu. ʻO ke kauwela kauwela, hiki ke loli kona papa hoʻonohonoho, a hoʻomaka ka lawaiʻa ʻana i ke kakahiaka.
ʻO ka mea mua, he mau ʻano holoholona liʻiliʻi e lawelawe ai i ka ʻai no ka nahesa: nā kiʻi, nā hamsters, nā iʻa, nā boboas, nā ʻāpana ʻāina, a pēlā aku. Hāʻawi ʻo ia i nā manu. Hiki i ka hiki ke piʻi i nā lāʻau ke hāʻawi i ka nahesa i mea e hōʻino ai i nā manu a ʻai i ka hua. ʻAʻoleʻo ia e uha i ka ʻilā me kāna mau lehelehe, akā ua hoʻomʻo ʻo ia i ka hua a pau, aʻo ka esophagus ua haki ka pā me ke kōkua o nā hana kūikawā o ka vertebrae cervical. Hoʻopili i nā mammals liʻiliʻi a me nā manu, hoʻomaka ʻo ia i nā reptiles - nā tupuna, nā mea liʻiliʻi a me nā mea make. I kekahi manawa, ʻai ʻo ia i nā rana, nā ʻōpala, nā pepeke a me nā iʻa liʻiliʻi.
No laila, ʻo ka ʻili meaʻai, e like me kā mākou e ʻike nei, he ʻokoʻa. I ka mua, hoʻowalewale ka ʻona i ke kōkua o kona kino, e ʻai wale ana i ka mea make wale, e hoʻomaka ana mai ke poʻo a i hoʻomā mua ʻia me ka honi, hoʻopau i nā hua āpau. I waena o nā naheka, ua hoʻopaʻa pinepine ʻia nā hihia o ka cannibalism. Ke ʻimi nei ʻo ka nahesa i ka ʻalani a nānā i nā pio, e alakaʻi ʻia e ka ʻohu a me ke kōkua o ka hihiʻo.
Hoʻomaka ka hoʻoilo mai Kepakemapa - Nowemapa a Malaki - ʻApelila; ʻike ʻia mai nā hale hoʻoilo i ka lā Pepeluali. Hōʻike ka make ma ʻApelila - Mei; maʻa pinepine ia e waiho i nā hua i loko o ka ʻōpala a i ʻole nāʻuhelehele e kokoke ana i nā loko wai, a me nā lāʻau ua pala. Ma nā lāpau mai 5 a 24 mau hua o ka lōʻihi o ka lōʻihi (16, 30-17, 56 mm). Hoʻomaopopo ʻia nā lāpili o ʻono a hiki i 120 hua manu, nona a hapa wale nō e ola.
Hoʻomau ka lōʻihi o ka manawa o ka incubation ma kahi o hoʻokahi mahina (ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka kokoke i ʻelua pule ma muli o ka ulu ʻana o ka embryo i loko o nā oviducts wahine. Wahi a nā nānā ʻike ʻia, hōʻike ka wī wahine wahine i ka mālama ʻole ʻana i nā hua no nā nahelehele: e uhi ana i ka masonry me nā apo o ko lākou kino, pale lākou iā lākou mai nā mea hāʻawi. Puka nā poʻe ʻōpio mai Iulai a hiki i Kepakemapa a he 18-25 cm ke kaumaha, 2.8-9.3 g Ua hānau ʻia lākou a mākaukau no ke ola kūʻokoʻa. I ka mua mua lākou e hānai ai i nā mea hihiu, a laila neʻe hele i ka waiwai nui. Poe kekahi mau makahiki mua i loko o ka hibernation ma mua o ka mau hoaaloha kahiko, e hoʻāʻo ana e hōʻiliʻili hou i nā mea momona hou i ke kino.
Ma waena o nā ʻenemi o ka nahesa i hoʻohālike ʻia he mau momi manu a me nā manu (ma ke ʻano kūikawā, ka ʻeto ʻenehana. ʻO ka pale maikaʻi e pale aku iā lākou, ʻo ka neʻe wikiwiki i nā pā hale a i ʻole i nā lālā lāʻau. Ka ʻike ʻo ka pōʻino, ʻo ka lūlū o ka huelo o ka mea i hoʻoliʻalulu ʻia e ʻōlohelohe a, ʻo ke kī ʻana i nā mea paʻakikī, e hoʻopuka ana i kahi hāmeʻa ʻano ʻano e like me ke kani o kahi kuahiwi.
Ka lōʻihi o ke ola o ka nahesa i hoʻohālike ʻia ma ke ʻano he 8-9 mau makahiki, ma ke pio - 10-11 mau makahiki, me 25 mau makahiki.
ʻ .lelo Hoʻolāleʻa ʻo Snake i Ola
He ʻeleʻī maʻamau kēia i nā ʻīlio a i loko o kona mauʻohana e ʻike i kekahi mau kikoʻī o kēia ʻano ʻano i kekahi manawa, akā naʻe, ʻaʻole i nui nā puʻupuʻu ʻano like ʻole me ka nahesa.
E hoʻoikaika ana nā nāhelehele i nā lā o ke ao. I ka pō, pū kekahi a me nā wā wela wela, e hūnā ʻia lākou i waena o nā pōhaku, i nā ʻuʻuku o nā holoholona liʻiliʻi, i nā hollows a i ʻole nā mākaʻu loloa.
Hiki i ka ʻōpū ua hele maikaʻi ke neʻe ma ka ʻāina a ma nā lālā lāʻau. ʻOluʻolu ʻo ia e ʻauhele i loko o ka wai, me ka loko nui: he lawaiʻa maikaʻi a he manu ʻē paha ia, ʻike pinepine ʻia ʻo ia ma ka kapakai o kā mākou wahi kai kūlima i loko o ka lehulehu o nā ʻano wai.
Mamuli o ka ala, ola ka nahe i ka Kepakemapa-Nowemapa, a waiho i ka wa waena o ka puna.
Mea ʻai
ʻO ka mea mua, he mau ʻano holoholona liʻiliʻi e lawelawe ai i ka ʻai no ka nahesa: nā kiʻi, nā hamsters, nā iʻa, nā boboas, nā ʻāpana ʻāina, a pēlā aku. Hāʻawi ʻo ia i nā manu. Hiki i ka hiki ke piʻi i nā lāʻau ke hāʻawi i ka nahesa i mea e hōʻino ai i nā manu a ʻai i ka hua. ʻAʻoleʻo ia e uha i ka ʻilā me kāna mau lehelehe, akā ua hoʻomʻo ʻo ia i ka hua a pau, aʻo ka esophagus ua haki ka pā me ke kōkua o nā hana kūikawā o ka vertebrae cervical. Hoʻopili i nā mammals liʻiliʻi a me nā manu, hoʻomaka ʻo ia i nā reptiles - nā tupuna, nā mea liʻiliʻi a me nā mea make. I kekahi manawa, ʻai ʻo ia i nā rana, nā ʻōpala, nā pepeke a me nā iʻa liʻiliʻi. No laila, ʻo ka ʻili meaʻai, e like me kā mākou e ʻike nei, he ʻokoʻa. I waena o nā nahesa, i ʻike pinepine ʻia nā hihia o ka cannibalism.
Ke ʻimi nei ʻo ka nahesa i ka ʻalani a nānā i nā pio, e alakaʻi ʻia e ka ʻohu a me ke kōkua o ka hihiʻo.
ʻAʻole like me nā nahesa maoli, e hoʻomaka koke nei e moni i ka mea i hoʻopio ʻia, ke ʻoki nei lākou i kā lākou naheka e ʻoi ʻana i nā apo o ko lākou kino e like me nā puaʻa, a me ka make wale nō make wale.
Kanikau
ʻO nā ʻenemi nui o nā nahesa i kālai ʻia, ʻo kekahi mau manu manu a me nā mammals. ʻO ka hiki ke piʻi i nā lāʻau a neʻe wikiwiki e kōkua i kēia mau nāhelehele e pale ai i kahi pōʻino.
I ka loaʻa ʻole o ka pōʻino, hoʻowalewale ka ʻākuhi i ka wīwī i ka neʻe ʻana me ka lihi o ka huelo, e hana ana i ke kani kūlohelohe e like me ke kani o ka iʻa.
Hoʻomaka
I ka wā moe, ka mea e hiki mai ana ma Iune, hiki i kekahi ke nānā i nā ʻōpala o nā nahesa i hoʻohilahila ʻia.
Hoʻonui lākou ma ka waiho ʻana i nā hua i loaʻa nā embryos i hoʻomohala ʻia, a no laila ua mau ka manawa o ka inkubation - ma kahi o hoʻokahi mahina.
I Iulai-ʻAukake, waiho ʻo ka wahine i nā hua ma nā pōhaku, ma loko o ka ʻōpū, i loko o ka ululāʻau nāhelehele, ua lau nā lau a i ʻole nā koena o nā lāʻau i hala. Aia i ka lālani mai nā 5 a 24 mau hua. Hoʻokomo pinepine kekahi mau wahine i ka hua ma ka wahi like, ʻoi loa o ka nui o ka hua i ka waiho pū ʻana a hiki i nā ʻāpana 120. Akāʻo ka hapalua wale o nā hua i kau ʻia he mau nahese maikaʻi: e pili ana iā 20 cm ka lōʻihi a ke kaupaʻa ʻole ma mua o 7 mau grama.
Wahi a nā nānā ʻike ʻia, hōʻike ka wī wahine wahine i ka mālama ʻole ʻana i nā hua no nā nahelehele: e uhi ana i ka masonry me nā apo o ko lākou kino, pale lākou iā lākou mai nā mea hāʻawi.
Loaʻa nā ʻili o nā ahe nui i loaʻa i nā terrariums home. Hōʻino kēia ʻili, hiki iā ia ke ʻae a hiki i nā poʻe hoʻomaka.
Ka lōʻihi o ke ola o ka nahesa i hoʻohālike ʻia ma ke ʻano he 8-9 mau makahiki, ma ke pio - 10-11 mau makahiki.
Lāiau a me kaʻai kino
Kahea ʻāpana - nā lā reptile. I kēia manawa i loaʻa iā ia ka:
- nā maʻi liʻiliʻi
- manu
- ka ʻoki
- poʻe māhiti
- iʻa
- pepona.
Hoʻomoe a hoʻohālikelike
Nāhelehele kolohe i ʻApelila-Mei. I kekahi mau wahi, hiki ke hoʻokuʻu ʻia kēia manawa a hiki i Iune. Hoʻokomo ʻia ka wahine i nā hua o 5-24 mauʻano o ka lōʻihi ʻole o ka ulu lāʻau. Hiki i kekahi mau wahine ke hoʻopaʻa i kahi koʻikoʻi maʻamau, ma kahi o 120 mau huaʻai. ʻO ka mea pōʻino, ʻaʻole iʻoi aku ma mua o ka hapa o lākou e ola pinepine. Hānau ʻia nā kamaliʻi liʻiliʻi ma kahi o hoʻokahi mahina. ʻO ka pinepine, ua ʻike ʻia ka helehelena o nā hua ma hope o nā hebedoma ʻelua, ʻoiai ua hiki i ka ʻōpū o kēia mau nāhelehele ke ulu i nā oviducts.
ʻO ka kiʻekiʻe o ka "hatching" o nā cubs e hāʻule ma Iulai-Kepakemapa. Hānau ʻia nā kamaliʻi me ka lōʻihi o 18-25 mau kenimika me ka paona o 2.8-9.3 gram.
He pōpoki paʻakikī kahi kanaka
E like me ka mea i hōʻike mua ʻia, na ka holoholona i hoʻohālikelike ʻia i nā holoholona hihiu ʻole. Eia nō naʻe, he mea pono ke hoʻomaʻamaʻa me ka makaʻala loa. Inā manaʻo ka holoholona i ka pōʻino, e hoʻokuʻu maʻalahi ia i ka ʻenemi a hoʻāʻo e ʻuʻuku.
ʻO ka ʻōpū o ka nahesa ua ʻeha loa a ma hope koke o nā hōʻailona a pau o ka hiki ʻana. Hoʻopau nā hōʻailona i nā lā ʻekolu.
Kahaiʻiwa
ʻO ka hale kūpono no nā reptile a me amphibians ka terrarium. E like me ka pahu kūpono me kahi pā wili mua me ka nui o ka liʻiliʻi o 50 * 40 * 40 kenimika. Mai luna, pono e pani ʻia ka pahu, no ka mea, e waiho iki ka nahe i ka waiho, piʻi i luna i nā pōhaku a me nā ʻeke. ʻO ka mahana mahana no ka mea kau i holo i 30-35 mau ma ke ao a me 20-22 kiʻekiʻe i ka pō. Pono ka haʻahaʻa e pili ana i 60-70%. Ma ka terrarium, i loko o nā mea kanu, nā pōhaku a me nā ʻeke, kahi i hiki ai i ka naheka ke hūnā, pono e loaʻa kahi pahu nui me ka wai. A ʻo ia nō kahi ipu wai inu a me kahi wai ʻauʻau. Hiki ke hoʻopaʻaʻia ka lalo o ka pahu me ka maʻa, ke one, ka substrate niu a i ʻole pepa kānana. I kekahi o nā kihi (ʻo ka wela) e kau i kahi sphagnum. E lilo ia i ka mea hoʻomalu ʻōwili a me kahi e noho ai no ka holoholona. Pono e pipiʻi ia i hoʻokahi lā i ka wai mahana.
I ka nohona kūlohelohe, ʻōlani ka hibernate i ka hoʻoilo. No laila, i ka home, pono ʻoe e mālama e hana i kahi microclimate i mau no lākou, akā inā wale ka holoholona i hele mai iā ʻoe mai ka hihiu. Inā ua noho mua ʻo ia i ke pio ʻana, a laila e lawa ia e hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka mahana ma ka terrarium no hoʻokahi mahina a ʻaʻole e hānai i ka holoholona.
Hānai
I ka home, me ka ʻōpiopio meaʻai:
- mea ʻona hoʻokolohua
- makala
- ʻuaʻiwa
- hua manu
- nā iʻa.
ʻO ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe lumi
Pono e nānā pinepine ʻia ka terrace no nā feces. Inā loaʻa kahi pīhoihoi a maloʻo paha o ka ʻōpala, i kēia wahi ua hoʻololi ʻia i kahi maʻemaʻe. Ke kū ʻia kahi ʻano ʻono maikaʻi ʻole i loko o ka "hale", ʻaʻole e nalowale ma hope o ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka substrate, lawe ʻia ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe punahele (ma kahi o hoʻokahi mahina).
Hoʻonohonoho ʻia ka poʻe noho o ka terrarium i loko o kahi hale paʻa a i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i loko o kahi ʻeke kūikawā. Holoi ʻia ka papa ʻāina me ka aʻa a mālama ʻia me ka hapa ʻekahi o nā kūmole o ka chloramiac. A laila holoi i lalo o ka wai kahe ʻana a holoi holoi. Hopu ʻia hoʻi nā pōhaku, ka driftwood, ke ʻano wai.
Hoʻopili maʻalahi i kahi ulu, kahi līlī e pono ai ka mālama pono ʻana. Kuhi ʻia nā kānāwai āpau, hiki i ka reptile ke ola a hiki i ka 10 mau makahiki i ka noho pio ʻana.
Kālā
Ka ʻōhū ʻawaʻawa palahalaha mai ka palena kahakai o ka ʻeleʻele o ka ʻaoʻao ma waena o nā wahi hema o Rūsia, Central a Central Central, China a me Mongolia a hiki i ka East East. I Ukraine, ua loaʻa ka hapa nui ma kahi o ke anuʻo steppe i ka ʻāina o kā Luhansk wahi. Ma Kina, ʻike pinepine ʻia ʻo ia me ka pūpū me like ʻole like ʻole like me ia ka lua o ka lele iokue (Elaphe bimaculata).
I ka ulu lāʻau, he nui nāʻokoʻa o ka kala a me kāna mau kiʻi. Hoʻonohonoho ʻia ka lehulehu o Rūma i ka hina a me ka ʻeleʻele, ʻoiai ka lehulehu o ka Kina i ka ʻōlelo a ʻulaʻula a me nā ʻulaʻula. Loaʻa loa nā ʻano loina ʻulaʻulaʻula piha, aia ke koi nui ma waena o nā mea ʻohiʻohi a ʻo ke kumukūʻai nui loa.
Hoʻopili ʻia ka reptile no ke ʻano o nā kūlana kime a me nā ʻano kūlohelohe. Manaʻi nui ia i nā wīwī semi a i loko o nā ululāʻau i hoʻohui ʻia a coniferous paha. ʻO ka helu nui o nā nahesa i hoʻohālikelike ʻia i ka wahi i hele wāwae.
Ma nā mauna, loaʻa ia i nā kiʻekiʻe a hiki i 1600 m ma luna o ke kai, ka nui no ka noho ʻana i nā ʻohiʻohi, nā māla waina a me nā ʻāina e kanu ai. Ma Asia, ʻo kēia mau nāhelehele he mau malihini kipa i ka māla mahiʻai.
ʻO keʻano
Hōʻike ʻia kēia ʻano ma ke ʻano o ka moeʻuhane moʻomeheu. ʻOi aku ka nui o nā wahine a ʻoi aku ka nui, ulu a hiki i 125 cm.ʻO ka lōʻihi ka lōʻihi o ko lākou kino he 85-100 cm, a ʻoi aku i nā kāne ma mua o 70-80 cm.
ʻO ka poʻe nui loa e nānā ʻia ma ke kahawai Kina. I laila, ʻo kā lākou helu palapala he 150-160 cm.
ʻO ka kala ʻulaʻula-brown nui maʻamau me kahi tuaʻāpana. ʻEhā mau pōkole lōʻihi e holo ana ma luna o ke kino o luna, ma kekahi mau ʻōuli e ʻeleʻele. Aia ma waena o ka maka a me ka ʻāʻī kahi pale kino. ʻEleʻele a hina hina paha ka ʻōpū o ke kino me nā ʻāpana o ka ʻeleʻele a i ʻole ka ʻāhinahina.
Ke kani ʻana nā unahi ma nā ʻaoʻao o ke kino, a ma ke kua ke kahaha ʻia a me nā pores ma nā poʻo. Ma hope o ka molting, lilo ka kala i kala mau, akā hoʻonui i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻia.
I ka manu hihiu, ʻeleʻele, ʻulaʻula, ʻōmaʻomaʻo, ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo a me ka bluish morphs, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā melanists a me nā albinos.
ʻO ka manaʻolana ke ola he 18-20 mau makahiki, ka lōʻihi o 25 mau makahiki.
Pono kekahi pākeke i kahi terrarium me kahi kumu o 100x50 cm a me ke kiʻekiʻe o 60 cm. Aia hoʻohui ʻia kēlā me kēia niho hou, e hoʻonui ʻia kona nui ma 20%. Inā hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana i ka nui o kahi e ola ai, a laila pono ʻoe e hoʻohana ia.
Hoʻohālikelike kēia ʻano ʻano e ka heʻe, no laila, ʻaʻole e hōʻeha wale ka nui o nā wahi no kona mau luna.
Hoʻokomo ʻia ka niu niu a i ʻole nā ʻāpana lau o ka hua a me nā lāʻau deciduous ma lalo o ka terrarium. Mai luna aia ua uhi ʻia me ka papana o ka lepo maʻa. ʻAʻole ia e kuhikuhi i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke one, nā ʻāpana cat a i ʻole kāwili ʻia no ka mea kanu me nā mea kanu.
No ka laweʻana i nā kaʻina wai, ua kau kahi pahu liʻiliʻi me kahi wai maʻemaʻe. Pēlā e lawa ai kona mau ʻāpana e kūpono i ka nahesa i paʻa i loko o ke apo. No kēia kumu, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā moku serule o ka pulupulu i nā ʻaoʻao ākea e pale i ka wai i ke komo ʻana i ka substrate.
ʻO ka haʻahaʻa o ka haʻalulu e alakaʻi i ke ʻano o nā fungi a me nā microorganism ʻē aʻe e hoʻoulu ai i nā maʻi maʻi i nā reptile.
E noʻonoʻo e noho i kahi o ka wahi a me kahi pou nānā, mai kahi e hiki ai i nā naheka ke noʻonoʻo i ke kaiapuni. No kēia mau pahuhopu, kūpono nā pōhaku lepo, nā lālā, driftwood, pālolo a ʻōlelo paha i nā huahana.
No ka hoʻolālā, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana i nā mea kanu kūlohelohe a pilikino paha. I ka hihia mua, ʻaʻole lākou e hoʻonani wale aku i ka mea o loko, akā e kōkua pū kekahi i ka microclimate olakino.
Mālama ʻia ka mahana i waena o ka 23 ° -26 ° C, a ma kahi e kau ai ka ʻauʻau ʻauʻau 28 ° -30 ° C.
No ka kukuiila, hoʻohana ʻia nā kukui reptile LED. Inā pili ka territory ma kahi o ka puka aniani, a laila ʻaʻohe pono e hoʻohana i ka radiation ultraviolet.
Loaʻa i ka nahe ka nui o ka nui o ka vitamina D mai ka hānai. Hōʻī nā mea holo i nā pōpoki, nā pōpoki, nā kiʻī, nā kiole, nā mele liʻiliʻi, nā lizards liʻiliʻi, nā hua manu a me nā moa. I ka haʻalele ʻana o ka meaʻai ola e hāʻawi i kahi a i ka pōkole, kahi e hoʻoheʻe ai i hoʻokahi hola ma mua o ka hānai.
ʻAi ʻia nā nahesa i hoʻokahi manawa ma ka hebedoma; no nā pākeke, hele lākou i kahi manawa pōloli mau no nā lā 14. Hiki iā lākou ke hana me ka ʻai ʻole no ka mau mahina me ka ʻole e hoʻopōʻino i ko lākou olakino.
