Ma muli o nā ʻili e ʻike mau ʻia ma nā ʻēheu ʻole o nā ʻalā o kēia ʻano ʻano, ua ʻike ʻia nā kānaka ʻepekema i ke kuʻuna e ola i waena o nā fossil archeopteryx me nā manu manu o kēia wā.
Hoʻaiho.
Noho ʻo Gonzin ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau o ʻAmelika Hema ma ka ʻāina o Bolivia. ʻO Peru a me Brazil, e noho ana i nā wao nahele ulu i ulu ma nā kahawai a me nā kahawai. ʻO nā ʻano nui i hana i kēlā mau pohala, ʻo ia ka acacia, willow, fig a me nā pua balsa, nā pā a me nā mea kanu lāʻau, a me Brazil hevea a, keu loa ʻole, holly. No ke ola, kūpono kēia manu i kēlā wahi o ka ulu ma kahi e waiho ai kahi loko a i ʻole aniani. I ka wahi o ka goacin, aneane ʻaʻohe hoʻololi o nā kau, no ka mea he hua ʻia nā mea kanu i ka makahiki a puni ʻole a hāʻule i nā lau, hāʻawi mau ʻia kēia mau manu manuʻai i ka meaʻai.
Kāleka: Goacin - Opisthocomus hoazin.
Kāohi: Goacin.
Kauoha: Goacins.
ʻAi: nā manu.
Kūkulu: Vertebrates.
Hoʻaiho. Noho ia ma ʻAmelika Hema.
ʻOi palekana.
ʻImi mau ʻia nā ʻōiwi ʻōiwi i nā kao kohu no ka mau hulu nani, a hoʻohana nō hoʻi i nā hua o kēia mau manu i mea ʻai. I kēia lā, hopu nui i nā kao me ka manaʻo e kūʻai aku iā lākou ma waho i mea maʻamau. Eia naʻe, hiki ke noʻonoʻo ʻia ka ʻike mua a me ka lua ma ka hoʻohālikelike ʻia ʻana me ka hoʻoweliweli nui o ka noho ʻana i nā ʻano ʻano, kahi i pili ai i ka luku wikiwiki ʻana i nā mākaukau Amazon a me ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻia o nā ʻano pā wahi nui. I kēia lā, ma muli o nā hana like a ke kanaka, ua aneane make ka lehulehu o Goacin e make, akā naʻe, ʻaʻole naʻe nā kauka i hoʻopuka i nā hana palekana pono.
Ke noho maʻamau.
He manu manu ʻona ʻo Goacin a hoʻokumu i nā pua o 10 a 20 paha i waho o ka manawa hana. Hoʻolimalima ʻo ia i ka hapa nui o kona manawa e noho ana ma nā lālā o nā lāʻau a lawelawe ʻole paha iā ia, a kōkua pinepine iā ia me nā ʻēheu, ma ke ʻano he kākoʻo ʻokoʻa. ʻOiai ka ulu ʻana o nā hulu o kēia manu, a ʻaʻole hoʻi e hoʻemi ʻia nā ʻēheu, ua nalo loa i ke ʻano o ka lele a hiki ʻole ke kō aʻe i kahi mamao he kanalima mau mika. I loko o ke ao, holo nui ka goacin no ka ʻimi ʻana i ka meaʻai, ʻo ke kumu o kāna meaʻai, ʻo nā lau, nā hua a me nā hua o nā mea kanu. Me kāna moʻoki pōkole, nā huluhulu i hoʻopau ʻia i nā ʻāpana o ka mea kanu, a laila e ʻulu pono iā lākou, e ʻohi ana i kahi goiter voluminous. A hoʻopiha ʻia ka hopena o ka mea hope loa, lilo nui loa ia i hiki i ka ʻininela ke neʻe wale me ka paʻakikī ʻike ʻole. Pahu ʻia ka manu ma kahi lālā, e hoʻoili ana i nā paona a pau i ka sternum, ma lalo o kahi mea cushion air kūikawā. ʻO ka meaʻai i hoʻomoʻi ʻia ma ka goiter ma ke ala a ka ʻōpū e hoʻolapalapa ʻia e nā mea maʻi e noho ana i ka papa hana. ʻOiai e ʻai ana a hoʻomaha, e ʻoki ana nā lālā o ka pā i nā leo nui. E hiamoe ana nā Goacins i nā lei o nā lāʻau.
Hoʻopili.
I ka wā hana o ka hoʻokalakupua, hōʻaha ʻia nā ʻohana o nā goacins i loko o nā kaiāulu liʻiliʻi. Ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, ua hoʻokumu ʻia e 8-10 kanaka, e hoʻomaka ana e kūkulu i nā nests ma kahi kokoke i kekahi. Loaʻa i kēlā me kēia pākuhi kāna pūnana me nā pua o kahi lāʻau i kau ʻia ma luna o ka wai. I ka nānā aku ʻana, ua like kēia ʻano me ka hīnaʻi i kāʻili ʻia mai nā lālā manawaleʻa a me nā kumu o nā mea kanu like ʻole. Hāʻawi ka wahine i nā hua he 2-3 i loko o kahi pākeke i uhi ʻia, uhi ʻia i ka poni a ʻulaʻula. I ka manawa o ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana o nā pule heʻehā mau pule, ua hoʻohua nā mākua ʻelua i ka masonry. Hoʻokomo ʻia nā huaheʻe, akā ʻōlei koke me ke olonā; a ma luna o nā ʻanuʻu o ko lākou mau ʻēheu he mau pālua paʻa. I loko o kekahi mau lā, komo ke pēpē i nā lālā a iho ma luna o lākou i ke poʻo, e kōkua ana iā ia iho me kona mau ʻaka a me nā kau ma nā manamana wāwae a me nā ʻēheu. Ma ka ʻike ʻana o kahi hoʻoweliweli, lele koke ʻo ia i ka wai, kahi i hiki ai iā ia ke ʻau i ka hanu hoʻokahi a hiki i 6 m. Ke puka mai nei, ua hoʻi ka moa i nā aʻa o nā palahalā a i nā lālā ma ka ʻōpala. Akā, ma luna o ka ʻēheu, akā naʻe i ka ulu o ka wā ʻōpio a no laila ua lōʻihi loa ka hilinaʻi i nā mākua, ka mea e lawe iā ia ma nā lālā e hānai ai i nā wahi. I ka wā o ka hoʻolālā hope ʻana o nā ʻēheu, nalowale nā ʻalā ma kā lākou mau pā.
Maopopo?
- Aia kahi ʻōmaʻomaʻo ea ma lalo o ka sternum i ke kino o ka goacin: kōkua i ka manu me ka ʻoluʻolu e noho maikaʻi ma luna o nā lālā i ka wā o ka hoʻoili ʻana o ka meaʻai.
- ʻO nā māka wale o kēia manu he mau lehelehe i luna o kā lākou eheu.
- Ma mua, ua manaʻo ʻia nā ʻili ma nā līu o nā ʻēheu i hōʻikeʻike i kahi ʻano lōʻihi, kahi hōʻailona o ka pilina pili ma waena o nā kao a me ka Archeopteryx piha. I kēia, ke kūlike nei, e manaʻoʻiʻo ʻia nei kēia mea e loaʻa nei i kahi hōʻano hou hou i hoʻonui i nā kūlana o nā holoholona ʻōpiopio e ola.
- I ka hihia o ka pōʻino, hoʻomaka ka goacin e hoʻoiho i kahi hanu o ka musk. Ma ke kānāwai, ʻaʻole nui nā kānaka a me nā holoholona e ʻai i kēia kao manu.
- Hoʻonoho ʻia ke kiʻi o goacin ma luna o ke kapa o nā lima o Guyana.
- Mai ka liʻiliʻi loa o ka goacin, liʻiliʻi ka ulu ʻana o kāna mau pectoral.
ʻO Goacin - Opisthocomus hoazin
Ka lōʻihi kino: 60-70 cm.
Kaumaha: 700-900 g.
Ka helu o nā hua manu: 2-3.
ʻO ka wā inkubation: 28 mau lā.
Meaʻai: lau, ʻōpala, nā hua.
Hoʻolālā.
Na maka. ʻO ka puni ʻana o nā maka me kahi ʻulaʻula ulaula nā wahi o nā ʻili ʻōpiopio, i ʻoni ʻia i ka aniani ʻōuli.
Keʻaole. Ma ke poʻo kahi lapalapa nui o nā hulu ʻulaʻula.
Poʻo. ʻO ka poʻo liʻiliʻi e lulu ʻokoʻa i ka plumage.
Nā kino. Hoʻopili ʻia ke kino a wīwī. Hoʻomaka maikaʻi ʻia nā ʻoihana pectoral.
Beak. ʻO ka beak pōkole e nānā pono ʻia.
Kūpono. ʻO ka hapa nui o ke kino, a me nā hulu, he brown i ʻulaʻula me nā koʻi keʻokeʻo. Mālamalama ka ʻaluna o ka ventral, a ma ka ʻāʻī a me ka ʻili o loko o nā ʻēheu ke ʻulaʻula ulaula ia.
ʻEu. He wā lōʻihi kā Goacin.
Nā wāwae. Hiki i nā wāwae lōʻihi loa me nā manamana wāwae ʻehā.
Paele. ʻO ka huluhulu o ka huelo lōʻihi he brown me nā ʻōlelo māmā.
Nā pili pili.
ʻO ke kūlana o ka goacin ma ka ʻauhau ʻo nā mea ola kino e hoʻomau i ka hakakā. Manaʻo kekahi poʻe ʻepekema e hoʻokaʻawale ʻia kēia manu ma kahi heʻoka ʻē aʻe, ʻāpono kekahi e hāʻawi i ka cuckoo i nā hōʻailona he nui, a ʻo ke kolu o ka ʻākīlaka, he mākaʻikaʻi i ka ʻina moa. E like me nā mea lā, ʻae like lākou a pau kēia ʻano ʻano wale nō o ka ʻohana goacin. ʻO ke ʻano a me ke ʻano o ke kino, he like ia me ka pheasant.
Nā hiʻohiʻona a me ka noho maʻamau
Manu Goatsin i kapa ʻia ʻo moa he moa, akā ua koi kekahi mau mea i nā kānaka ʻepekema e ʻike hou i kēia kūlana. Loaʻa i Goacin kekahi mau hiʻohiʻona i hiki ai ke hoʻokaʻawale i kēia mau manu manu manu ulu. ʻAʻole e like i nā moa, loaʻa kēia manu i ka ʻāʻī o ka ʻala, ua nui kona manamana lima nui, a ʻo ka sternum he mau ʻokoʻa ʻē aʻe.
He kino ke kino manu kēia manu ʻōlio, he 60 cm ka lōʻihi, kahi ʻano kūikawā. Hoʻolahalaha ʻia ka pua ma ke kua i ka waiho ʻoliva me nā laina ʻulaʻula a i ʻole nā laina keʻokeʻo. Hoʻonohonoho ʻia ke poʻo o nā kao kāne me kahi hāmole, ʻaʻole nā plua i ka papalina, he ʻulaʻula a ʻulaʻula wale nō paha lākou. Hoʻopili ʻia ka ʻāʻī, uhi ʻia me nā hulu ʻāʻī o nā maka.
Hoʻomoana kēia mau hulu i ka kukui melemele, ma ka ʻōpū i huli ʻia i ʻulaʻula-ʻulaʻula. He nani kona huelo - nā hulu ʻeleʻele ma ka ʻaoʻao i "hōʻike ʻia" e kahi palena ākea-lemon. Inā ʻoe e noʻonoʻo hele i loko ma ke kiʻi, a laila hiki iā mākou ke hoʻomaopopo i kona helehelena ʻokoʻa a, e ʻōlelo ana i ka ʻōlelo a ka mea moʻolelo, ʻo ia nō ka mea i ka prototype o ka Firebird.
ʻAʻole i ʻike ʻia ke aloha i ka moʻolelo i ka poʻe kamaʻāina o Guyana, akā, ma ko lākou mau ʻūlima a lākou i hōʻike mua ai i kēia ʻelele hulu. Manaʻo kekahi ʻepekema i kēia manu ke like me ka prehistoric archeopteryx, me ke kumu ʻole e noʻonoʻo ai lākou i nā kao ʻoi ka manu kahiko. I ka nānā mua, maʻamau nā manu a pau. A i waena o lākou iho i ʻokoʻa wale i ka nui, ke kala a me ke ʻano kino.
Akā ʻike wale ka poʻe ʻimi i nā ʻano kupanaha o kēlā me kēia ʻano i kēlā ʻO ka wehewehe manu Goatsin ke hōʻoia nei. No ka laʻana, ma ke kino o kaorini, ma lalo o ka sternum, aia kahi ʻano o kahi ʻōmaʻomaʻo ea o ka ea, i hana ʻia a maʻalahi wale nō ka manu e noho ma luna o kahi lāʻau i ka wā e hoʻokaʻawale ana i ka meaʻai.
Kekahi ʻano hopohopo wale - manaʻo wale nō ka manu e hoʻoweliweli ana kekahi mea iā ia, ʻoiai ʻo ia e hāʻawi koke i ka ʻumi musky pungent. Ma hope o kēlā mau ʻawa, ʻaʻole hiki i nā kānaka a me nā holoholona ke ʻai i ka ʻiʻo makela. ʻO ia ke kumu i kapa ʻia ai ke kanaka ʻokiʻoki i kapa ʻia ʻo ia ka manu nini nui loa ma ka honua.
Akā ua ʻimi naʻe ka poʻe no kēia manu. Ua loaʻa lākou i ka plumage nani, a hoʻohana lākou i ka hua no ka ʻai. I kēia lā, ʻaʻole i pau ka ʻimi manu no ka mea kime, no laila ua hopu ʻia kēia kāpena no ke kumu kūʻai i ke kūʻai aku ma waho.
Mahalo paha kēia mau manu i nā mea ʻimi, akā ʻaʻole i hiki i ka manu ke pale iā lākou iho mai ka wikiwiki o ka nui o ka nui a me ka luku ʻana i nā ululāʻau ʻōiwi. A ʻo ka noho ʻana o kēia manu ʻalani e nahele nā wao nahele e ulu kokoke ana ma kahi o nā kahawai a me nā pā.
Goacin ʻAleka aloha i ke aloha me nā ululāʻau ma ka ʻāpana kūleʻa o ʻAmelika Hema. He aneane ʻokoʻa ʻole i waena o nā manawa, nā mea kanu me nā lau i nā makahiki a pau a kū mau i nā hua. ʻAʻole kēia e loaʻa nā pilikia o ka Goacin i ka meaʻai.
ʻActerlelo ola a me ke ʻano
ʻO ke kāne nani - ʻaʻole like ka ʻekekine i ka wale. He mea ʻoluʻolu loa ʻo ia i loko o kahi pū o ka 10-20 pākahi. Hoʻolaha nui ʻia nā ʻēheu o kēia manu, ʻaʻole ka nalowale i ko lākou kumu pololei, e like me, no ka laʻana, ma ka ʻōkelē, eia naʻe, ʻaʻole makemake ka mea pīkoi e lele.
ʻO ke lele ʻana o 50 mika kahi paʻakikī loa nona. ʻO nā mea āpau e pono ai ʻo ia no ke ola, aia nō ia ma nā lālā lāʻau, no laila ʻaʻole hūʻele kao kiki iā ia iho me nā huakaʻi nui. Kokoke i kona manawa a pau ma luna o kahi kumulāʻau, e hele wāwae ana ma nā lālā.
A hoʻohilahila ʻo ia i kona mau ʻēheu i mea e kōkua iā ia e hele ana. I nā kao kāne, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka manamana lima hope e hoʻopili pono i nā lālā. Ke hiamoe nei kēia mau manu ma ka lei o nā lāʻau, a ke ala lākou, hiki iā lākou ke "hoʻokūkū i kamaʻilio" me nā ʻohana, e kāhea ana i kēlā me kēia me nā uwē nui.
He ʻano nani wale nō kēia manu, aia nā poʻe e makemake i loaʻa i ia ʻano "fairy tale" ma ko lākou home. Pono lākou e hana i nā kūlana e kokoke kokoke i ka wahi kūlohelohe o nā kao.
A, inā ʻaʻohe pilikia me ka mālamaʻai holoholona, no laila e pono e hāʻawi i ka haʻahaʻa a me ka mahana. Eia kekahi, pono e noʻonoʻo ka mea nona ka wā e hiki mai ana ka lumi kahi e kūkulu ʻia ai kēia hale a ke kanaka ʻōpio, ʻaʻole e honi e like me nā pua.
Kāleka
A ʻokoʻa loa ia mai ka moa, kahi i hoʻoili ʻia ai i ka hoʻomaka, e nā ʻōpū o ka embryo o ka sternum a me nā manamana lima hope nui.
ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kino e pili ana i 60 cm. ʻO ka plumage ma ka ʻaoʻao o luna o ke kino he brown-brown (olive), me nā kukui ʻulaʻula (keʻokeʻo) keʻokeʻo. Ke keʻokeʻo ma lalo o ke kino ke keʻokeʻo, ʻokoʻa ka ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū (ʻulaʻula). Ma ke poʻo a me ke kua o ke poʻo, kahi poʻo pōkole o ka pōpoki, i kuhikuhi ʻia i nā hulu me nā palena melemele māmā. ʻO ka hulu o ka ʻāʻī ke elongated, ʻāwili a kuhikuhi hoʻi. Wili ʻia ka lōʻihi o ka lā 10. ʻAno ke poʻo, ʻulaʻula.
Ke noho maʻamau
Mālama ʻia ʻo ia i nā waikahe wai e kahe ana ma nā kahe o nā kahawai. ʻAʻole aneane e lele, ʻo ka hapa nui o ka manawa e mālama mau ana i nā lāʻau a hina pinepine i ka lepo.
Nā meaʻai laupala: ʻai i nā lau a me nā huaʻai, kahi i ʻeli ʻia e ka fermentation, e like me ka ruminants, akā ʻaʻole i loko o ka rumen, akā i loko o kahi nui (7.5 mau manawa i liʻiliʻi ka manu ma mua) goiter. Mai kēia, ua loaʻa i ka goacin ka mea ʻalaʻewa ʻewaʻewa ʻole.
ʻAno hānau
ʻO nā pua ma nā kolone liʻiliʻi mai Dekemaba a Iulai. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā ʻano nalo mai ka lāʻau hina ma nā lāʻau haʻahaʻa a ma nā kumu lāʻau.
Aia kope i ka lā 2-4 hua. I nā moa, hoʻomohala nā ʻili i nā manamana mua a me ka lua o ka ʻēheu, e kōkua ana iā lākou e neʻe ma luna o nā lālā, a ma nā ʻōpio ʻelemakule, nalowale nā kuku. Hoʻokomo ʻia nā ʻōpū ma kahi hāpō i ʻono ʻia i nā lau.
He ʻauhau
No kekahi manawa lōʻihi, ua hāʻawi ʻia nā koore i nā kauoha o ka moa-like (ma nā kuleana o ka ʻohana Opisthocomidae a i ʻole ka suborder Opisthocomi) a i ʻole he crane like like me ka mea e like me ko lākou hui me nā pū. Ma hope mai, ua māhele ʻia ʻo goacin ma ka cuckoo. ʻO ka mea nei, ua hīmeni ʻia ka ʻauhau i kahi ʻōlelo kūʻokoʻa kūʻokoʻa (Opisthocomiformes).
Nā manu o ke kūlanakauhale
Makemake wau e nānā manu. ʻOiai i nā kukupa maʻamau a me nā hoki manu ke aloha mākou i ko mākou nani a me ka lokomaikaʻi. ʻO nā kiʻi i hoʻoili ʻia o nā mahina i hala. Ua hele mua kekahi, akā e hopohopo nō wau e haʻalele hou.
Ua kī mau aku ke kāne kāne maikaʻi ma koʻu puka aniani i ke kakahiaka nui.
ʻAʻole au i ʻike maka he manu nā "manu" like ʻole.
ʻO ka ʻiʻo mai ke kaʻe o ke kūlanakauhale.
He mau pūpū bala kūmole keʻokeʻo.
Kestrel. Ke kāhea hou nei ʻo ia i waho o ka puka aniani, akā paʻakikī loa ke hopu iā ia i loko o ka lens.
Ah, a me ka ʻōpala uliuli.
Ua make he mau haneli haneli ma luna o ka moku ma ke awa ʻo Sakhalin
ʻO kekahi mau haneli papaʻa ma ka pō o ka Pōʻakahi ua pae i ka Vitus Bering, kahi i kaomi aku i ke kahakai o Kholmsk ma Sakhalin hema. Ua hoʻopiha i nā manu ma ka papa holoʻokoʻa a hoʻomaka i ka make ma mua o ka lawe ʻana a me ka hoʻouka ʻana i nā hana, ka luna hoʻomalu o ka Green Sakhalin Fund Alexander Ivanov iā TASS.
Hoʻonohonoho nā luʻi i ka mea e hana ʻia ana ma luna o ka moku ma nā kelepona kāmele. Ua hoʻolaha ʻia nā wikiō ma ka Pūnaewele. Ua hopu ʻia ka wikiō i nā manu o nā manu. Pono nā lālā o ka Crew i ke kīleʻa me ko lākou mau wāwae e holo ai a puni ka pā.
"He haneli a nā manu i hoʻopiha i ka moku. He ʻoiaʻiʻo. Ua hele wau i ke awa, i kēia manawa ke ʻimi nei mākou e komo i loko, e huki mākou i nā palapala," wahi a ke kumu. Ua ʻōlelo ʻo ia ua hake nā kukui e ka mālamalama ma luna o ka moku. Pihi lākou i ka ʻōhiu, noho ma ka ʻūhā a kahili ʻia ʻia, no ka mea, ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke lawe aku mai ka ʻāina aku no ka mea kūikawā o nā ʻēheu.
ʻOiai ka nui o nā manu e pale ai iā lākou mai ka neʻe ʻana aku i ka moku, ua hoʻoholo nā poʻe holo moku e hoʻomaka i nā ukana. ʻO ka hopena, ua ʻuwī nui ʻia nā manu nui. "Hiki iā ʻoe ke mālama i nā manu inā ʻōkaka ʻia nā mea āpau. Manaʻo wau e pono i kēia hana e nā poʻe koa ma mua o ka lawe ʻana o ka moku," i ʻōlelo ai ʻo Ivanov.
Noho nā penikala ma waho o ke kai. Ma muli o ke ʻano kūikawā o ke kino a me nā ʻēheu, hiki i kēia mau manu ke holo manuahi, lele ma luna o ke kai a i hope. Akā, no ke kumu like, he paʻakikī iā lākou ke holo e ka ʻāina. Hiki i nā Thunderbird ke lawe wale ma ka wai me ke poʻo poʻo a mai nā puʻu, no ka laʻana, mai nā pōhaku. ʻO ka maʻamau ʻo ʻApelila ʻaʻohe kapekele mai nā kahakai ʻo Sakhalin.
ʻO Pischa
He manu liʻiliʻi ʻo Pisukha mai ke kauoha a Passeriformes, ʻelima
Kohana Pisukh. Ma ka ʻaoʻao o luna o ka ʻōpū, ua like ka ʻano o ka plumage, a ulaula ka lā, a hina ka ʻōpū i ka ʻalani. Kōkua ka lōʻihi a me ka huluhulu huluhulu kōkua iā ia e kū pololei i luna o ka lāʻau. Heʻuʻuku ka lōʻihi o ka beak, a kahihi ʻia i lalo. Hoʻokomo ʻia ka meaʻai i ka māhele o nā manu i ko mākou ulu lāʻau, akā ʻaʻole kēlā me nā ʻaoʻao a pau e hopu i ka maka.
He manu kue nui ka Pika. Mahalo i ke kala o ka plumage, he mea maoli
hui pū me ka ʻili o nā kumulāʻau lāʻau. Ma muli o kona ʻāpana liʻiliʻi, e ʻai ka manu ma ke kakahiaka a i ke ahiahi, no laila neʻe mau a ʻimi nei i ka ʻimi ʻana i ka meaʻai.
ʻO ke ʻano o ke neʻe ma ka ʻala o ka pika e like nō me ka nuthatch. Akā me kekahi
kahi mea nui koʻikoʻi - e kahe wale ia mai ka lalo a ma lalo. Ke kū nei
lāʻau ʻē aʻe no ka meaʻai, paʻa kēia manu hulu
ka honua ponoʻī a hoʻomaka i kāna piʻi wikiwiki i luna. A pēlā me ke kū ʻole. Akā ʻaʻole makemakeʻo ia e lele.
ʻO ka manawa mua wau i ʻike ai i ka pika ʻo Dekemaba 28, 2018. ʻAe, ʻae, pela maoli, hoʻomanaʻo wau i kēia hālāwai i kēia manawa, no ka mea, ʻo kāna kiʻi mua loa i hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o kaʻu parade hit manu o nā manu "photo-zebestov". ʻO ke ʻano, ua aloha nō wau iā ia, no laila mai ka wā i hele pinepine mai ai ka pika ma mua o kuʻu mau maka. ʻOiai he ʻakaʻaka, akā i ka hapanui o kēia manu e mālama pono i ka ʻike maka peripheral. No ka mea, ma muli o ke ʻano o ka camouflage, ʻike ʻoe iā ia i ka neʻe ʻana o ka neʻe, no laila e ʻōlelo ʻia, mai ke kihi o ka maka.
Eia hou, hele hewa ka hapalua o nā kiʻi i ka wā o ka hoʻouka
Kāleau ʻalaʻawa
Noho ʻo Green cissa a i ʻole azure Chinese magpie (Cissa chinensis) i nā kahe o nā Himalaya ma northeast India, a me Thailand, Malaysia, ma nā mokupuni o Sumatra a me Borneo.
ʻO nā cisses ka manu nani loa o ka ʻohana corvidae āpau, a ʻo ka cissa kao ka mea nona ka ʻihi lōʻihi loa i waena o nā cissuses a pau.
Ke hānai nei nā cissuses māla i nā mammals liʻiliʻi, nā nakahi a me nā nīnū, nā bako, nā pepeke, invertebrates, nā manu a me nā hua manu, ʻohi i ke kalaka.
ʻO nā wolves a me nā leʻaleʻa i nā kiʻi a me nā kiʻi
He ola ia e hiki mai ana nā mea hoʻonani i ka noʻonoʻo o nā mea ʻelua. Pehea e hana ai? No ke aha lākou? ʻAʻohe pane. Akā ma muli o kēlā ʻano hana lolo, ua hāʻawi aku ka poʻe me ka hana a ʻAmelika i ka hana hoʻohālike e pili ana i ka 'ōlelo "predator - prague". ʻAʻole lākou i hoʻopaʻapaʻa a hōʻino paha e pili ana i ka mea i naʻauao iā lākou, ke ʻano o ka naʻau o kā lākou mau manaʻo i ka inoa o lāua: ʻo ka Lotka - Volterra equation.
Aia, aia nā mea koho, pono, aia nā mea hōʻino. No ke aha he mea like ʻole? Ma waho ʻole o ke ʻano o nā kiʻi ʻoniʻoni o kahi inoa like ʻole. E noʻonoʻo iā ia. E ʻike ʻia ana e ʻai ana kahi mea predator i nā mea pōpilikia, no ka mea, he mau pōpoki lākou. Eia naʻe, hiki i nā mea kū like ʻole e wehewehe i ka makemakika.
E noʻonoʻo i ka koho maʻalahi loa. I ka hana a kahi predator e loaʻa ai i nā ʻīlio hihiu, i ke kuleana o kekahi mea e ʻae aku - hares. Hoʻoihue ʻo Hares i nā mea kanu. Noho ka holoholona a pau i kahi wahi palena ʻole, akā nui ka manawa e ulu ai, no laila ʻaʻole noho ka pepeiao i ka ʻilihune. ʻĀnō e wehe i nā wahine papa, nā keiki a me ka nāwaliwali o ka naʻau. Hoʻomaka mākou me ka helu o ka helu hares e pili ana i ka helu o nā ʻīlio 3: 1. Noho ke keena, lele ka hares, a ʻo ka ʻīlio hānai i kona mau wāwae. Ke ulu nui nei nā ʻōiwi a hauʻoli i ko lākou ola hypothetical. A laila hiki i ka nui o nā mea wānana ke kiʻi i kahi kikoʻī, ʻo lākou, e like me kekahi mea pili kino, e hānai ana, ka nui o ka hares. ʻO ka mea e lilo nei ka ʻai, ʻaʻole nui ka manawa o ka lehulehu e hoʻōla ai. Ma ke ala, ʻaʻole ka ikaika a pau e hele i ka poʻe neʻe mai ka ʻili, akā ʻo ka 10% wale nō, no laila e ʻai ai kekahi wolf i kekahi mau hares. I ka lilo ʻana o ka meaʻai, ua loiloi wale nō ka mea e hoʻomaka ka make ʻana. Ke hoʻomau nei kēia a hiki i ka nui o nā mea i hōʻeha ʻia e hiki aku i ka pae kiʻekiʻe o ka lehulehu. Aia a hiki i kēia wā, ke makemake nei nā mea koho. Akā, hele a ʻōlio nā ʻolio a me nā hares. A ulu hou nā lehulehu, ua ākea ka lā, nani ka ola. A laila loaʻa nā ʻīlio he nui, ʻai lākou i ka hares, he liʻiliʻi nā hares, make nō hoʻi nā ʻīlio. Ua ʻike anei ʻoe i kēia ma kahi ʻē? E haʻi aku wau iā ʻoe i kahi: i kekahi mau laina i hope. ʻAʻole kēia he lā groundhog, hoʻomōhala wale ia.
A pehea kēia e pili ana i kahi kamepiula? He polokalamu kahi e kuhi ʻia ai nā ʻikepili no ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana o ka Lotka-Volterra i hiki ke kūkulu i nā kiʻi i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, e hāʻawi i kaʻu moʻolelo. Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i ke kiʻina o ka hana, ke kiʻi pelekane, ʻo ia he kuʻikuʻi pani kīleʻaleʻa a puni kahi kikoʻī, a me ke ʻano o ke kau - he kiʻi like ʻana, ʻo 3D wale nō (e nānā i nā kiʻi 1)
Ma kahi o nā ʻōnaehana hoʻonohonoho pono ʻia, hiki ke hoʻoholo ʻia. No ka laʻana, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohui i kahi huakaʻi hoʻokūkū ma loko o ka nānā like. Ua lawe anei ʻoe i nā kuki hope loa mai kahi pōpeku? A hiki i nā wīlio ke hui pū kekahi. A hiki i nā mea kuahiwi ke hoʻohana i kā lākou poʻe mamo. ʻO ia ke ola. Akā e hele mai ke kiʻi. Ma ka pakuhi, ʻaʻole i like ka like o nā hana fluctuation, ua emi ka nui o kā lākou hoʻonui i kekahi nui e like me ka emi ʻana o ka nui o nā mea wānana a me nā mea pio, no ka mea ʻoi aku ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa intraspecific i ka helu o kēlā me kēia ʻano a hiki i ka huina o nā ʻano ʻelua i kekahi helu; kahi e hoʻoheʻe ai nā holoholona i nā ʻāina i ʻole e hoʻokau nui ʻole ʻia ai ka hoʻokūkū intraspecific. Ma ke ʻano o ke kikowaena, ʻaʻole e like kēia me ke kuʻikuʻi paʻa, akā e like me ka mea a mākou e ʻike nei, kahe ʻana i ka wai, pio nā mea āpau i kēia wahi kuʻuna, ʻo ke kihi o ka waiwai kaulike a me ka maluhia. (e hi i nā pakuhi 2)
Inā hoʻomaka ka hoʻomaka ʻana o kā mākou pūnaewele hypothetical ma kahi paʻa, a laila ua lilo nā mea āpau i kahi ala ʻē aʻe: e ulu ai ka nui. Ma ka pakuhi, e hoʻonui ka nui o nā hana nui i ka manawa, a i ka haki ʻana i ka laina pololei ʻaʻole e holo i ka kikowaena, akā e kiʻina mai ia, e hōʻike ana i ka ulu o ka lehulehu. (ʻike i nā pakuhi 3)
Aia i nā hiʻohiʻona ʻē aʻe i maʻalahi ʻole e hoʻololi. Pēlā ʻo ia ka hiʻohiʻona Holling-Tanner. Inā mākou i hana i kahi kūlana ʻē o nā mea i hōʻeha i nā mea hoʻihoʻi, no ka laʻana, inā e māhele like lākou, a laila e ʻimi nā ʻōnaehana e hoʻi i ka pae paʻa. I ka wā lōʻihi, lilo nā hares e pili ana i nā ʻīlio hae 3: 1. Inā mākou he ʻelua mau hares a me nā ʻīlio ʻelua, a laila e maopopo loa i kekahi mea kuhihewa ʻaʻole i nui hōʻeha. Akā wikiwiki koke ka hares. ʻOiai ke ʻano o kēia mau mea i ka wā e ʻai ʻia ai, e nui ai ka manawa o ka lehulehu. A laila e hele mai ka ʻōnaehana i ka mea i wehewehe ʻia ma mua. Ma ka pakuhi, ʻike mākou i ka nui o ka hoʻonui ʻana, a laila e like me nā manawa like. A ma ka ʻaoʻao kahili, ua hoʻohālikelike nā kuhi like ʻana i nā pōkole. E hele ka lula mai ka helu 2.2 a i kēia kau palena. Kahi laina pololei mai kahi pahu neʻe 3: 1 i ke kaʻe ʻana. (ʻike i nā kiʻina 4)
Inā mākou e noʻonoʻo ʻo nā pākuhi ma ka hoʻohālike, ʻaʻole ia i mau koi, akā nā coefficient e hilinaʻi nei i ka nui o nā mea i hōʻino ʻia, a laila ʻokoʻa ka kiʻi. Lawe mākou i ʻelua mau hiʻohiʻona e hilinaʻi nui ana kekahi i kekahi. E waiho i ka saturation o ka mea kaukau a me kona helu ʻai. Inā kiʻekiʻe ka saturation, a laila pono ka liʻiliʻi loa o nā keleti. No ka mea aia ka pilina kūlohelohe ma waena o nā alaki, ua lohi nā progeny o nā ʻīlio. A laila e lūlū liʻiliʻi ia mau ʻōiwi e kū i kekahi pae ʻole-zero. Ma ka pakuhi, e iho ka nui o ka amplitude, i ka hopena ke kokoke loa ia i kahi laina pololei. Hōʻike ka hoʻohālikelike i ke ʻano i nā mea like: e kū ana ka laina i kekahi mau wahi ʻole ʻole i kūpono no ka ʻōnaehana. (ʻike i nā pakuhi 5)
No laila, ke nānā nei i nā pakuhi, hiki iā ʻoe ke "heluhelu" i ka mōʻaukala holoʻokoʻa o nā heluna kanaka. He mea hoihoi loa kēia. He meaʻoluʻolu hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā hoʻohālike e like me ka pili ʻana i nā holoholona, akā, i nā loina, politika, ʻoihana. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻonohonoho pono i ka haʻi ʻana ma ka pakuhi e like me ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana o Lotka-Volterra. ʻAe, he aha ke ala ʻole i nā kumu kīkī? ʻOi aku ka pololei.
Mea ʻai
ʻAi ʻia ʻo Goatsin lau, hua a me nā pua o nā mea kanu. Akā, ʻo nā lau o nā mea ahyid he lapuwale i ka hanu ʻana. Akā he manu maoli kēia "manuahi ukiuki", kahi ʻē aʻe o nā manu e hoʻonani ai.
He ʻuʻuku liʻiliʻi ko Goacin, akā ua ʻōlulu nui ka goiter me ka hoʻomohala ʻana, ʻo 50 mau manawa heʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o ka ʻōpū. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia kēia goiter i mau māhele, e like me ka ʻōpū o ka bipi. Eia ma aneʻa ke pau ʻana o ka ʻai i ka ʻōiwi ʻaʻai, ʻūwī.
Kōkua ka hana kūwili ʻana i nā mea kūikawā kūikawā e kū ana i loko o ka ʻōpū. Akā naʻe, ʻaʻole wikiwiki kēia kaʻina hana, e mau ana i kekahi mau hola. Ke ulu nei ʻo Goiter i kēia manawa ke ulu ʻo ia ma mua o ka manu.
ʻO kēia kahi e loaʻa ai ka airbag, aia ma ka umauma o nā kao. Me kāna kōkua, kau ke manu ma kahi lālā, ke kau nei ma luna o kona umauma. Akā ka hoʻopau ʻana o ke kaʻina hana, loaʻa ka nui i ka nui, no ka mea e hele hou ka kao i kahi ala lāʻau e hoʻolako iā ia iho i ka meaʻai.
Nīnau a me nā ʻano maʻamau
ʻOi aku lākou makemake e ʻai i nā hua a me nā lau, a like kēia me nā ruminants, akā, ke manaʻo nei i ka pōʻino, hele koke ka Goatsins i loko o ka wai, e like me ka kahe wai.
I nā manu liʻiliʻi, ʻike ʻia nā ʻōpala ma nā ʻēheu, kōkua lākou iā lākou e neʻe ai ma waena o nā kumulāʻau, akā me ka ʻelemakule, ua nalowale kēia mau lehelehe.
Ke noʻonoʻo nei i kēia mau mea, ʻaʻole ia he mea kupanaha no ka kenekulia 19, ʻaʻole i hāʻawi ʻia ka Goatsins i ka papa o nā manu, akā ua ʻike ʻia he mea ma waena o ka manu a me ka mea reptile.
Ma hope mai ua hoʻomaka ʻia ko lākou helu ʻana i ka moa, a laila ʻike ka poʻe zoologists i kēia ʻano he hewa, a hōʻike i nā Goatsins i like me ka Cuckoo.
Nā kikowaena a me nā hua
Kuhi kēia mau mea kupaianaha i mau mahele, i kahi mau o kahi waihona kō. ʻO kēia ʻōleʻa nui e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke hāʻawi i kahi hoʻoneʻe maikaʻi i ka ʻenemi, no ka mea, ke pale wiwo ʻole nei nā manu i ko lākou mau hoahānau āpau, ʻaʻole iā lākou wale nō a me kā lākou mamo.
He mea kūpono ia ke hāʻawi ʻia i ke kūlohelohe i nā moa Goatsin me ka hiki ke pale iā lākou iho. I ka pilikia o ka pōʻino, hiki iā lākou ke lele i waho o ka pūnana a ka komo ʻana i loko o ka loko. Eia kekahi, hiki i nā keiki ke noho ma lalo o ka wai i kahi e ʻauʻau i kahi mau mika, a hūnā mai nā maka o ka ʻenemi. A pau ka pōpilikia, piʻi hou nā moa i loko o ka pā, e kōkua ana iā lākou iho me kā lākou mau kīwī a me ka lāʻau.
E noʻonoʻo pono ʻia nā wīlio kekahi o nā manu nani loa o ka leʻa.
Aia ka palena o ka pūʻulu o nā manu i loko o kahi kaʻe o 40 mau mika mai ka ʻōpū. ʻO kekahi o nā Goatsins e noho ana ma waho o kēia mau palena e manaʻo ʻia he outsider no ka hui holoʻokoʻa.
Nā ʻoki ʻoki
Inā mākou e hoʻomanaʻo wikiwiki i ka helehelena e ulu a mālama nā pua, ʻoi ke kaʻina o ka ulu ʻana me nā Goatsins.
I ka makahiki mua o ke ola, palekana ka pēpē e nā mākua a me nā hoalauna. I ka lua o ka makahiki, hoʻokalakupua ka hua no ka aupuni holoholona - kōkua lākou i kā lākou mau mākua e hika i nā hua manu, a he ʻekolu wale nō makahiki a ka ʻōpio ʻōpio e loaʻa kahi kāne a haʻalele i ka pūnana.
Nā ʻenemi a me ka pilikia
Akā ʻaʻole like me ke ola o ke Goatsins e like me ka mea i ʻike mua ʻia. ʻO nā hoaniani pili pilikino a me nā ʻenemi he mau capuchin kahi i nele ʻole i ka manawa kūpono e ʻoliʻoli ai i kā lākou hua. Mālama ʻo Goatsin i kā lākou mau ʻuhane, akā, ʻoluʻolu, ʻaʻole lākou e hoʻokele mau i ka hoʻopakele i nā keiki e hiki mai ana.
Ke hoʻāʻo nei nā kaile i ka puʻe ʻana i nā pōpoki, holo ka hope i loko o ka wai e kali ai i ka pōʻino. Inā ʻoe e pōmaikaʻi ana, a laila, ʻaʻole paha nā piranhas a i ʻole caimans e nānā iā lākou, a ma hope koke e hoʻi nā keiki i kā lākou pūnana.
Loaʻa i nā Goacins kahi plumage nani, kahi mea i ʻike ʻia mai kahi mamao.
ʻO ke kūleʻa nui loa o Goatsins ʻaʻole lākou e koho i kahi waiwai kūʻai no ke kanaka. Ma muli o ka ʻono a me ka ʻono o ka ʻiʻo, ua kapa ʻia lākou he "manu ʻala." ʻOiaʻiʻo, no ia ka mea ʻole i hoʻonohonoho i kahi kāne ke hoʻonohonoho i kahi hopu, a hoʻopili i ka hoʻopili o ka ʻano.
ʻAʻole kū ka poʻe ʻepekema i ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa e pili ana i ke kuleana o nā Goacins i ka papa o nā manu. Nui ka manaʻo e like like me nā prehistoric archaeopteryxes, a hāʻawi lākou e hana i kahi detachment hoʻokaʻawale: "goatinobraznye".
Inā loaʻa ʻoe i kahi hala, e koho i kahi ʻāpana a me ka paʻi Ctrl + Kākau.