ʻAʻohe mea kanu i kahi ʻano o ke kālai wai kahawai. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻē ʻia i ka hopena ma o nā pae kaupaona ʻoi aku, me ke kino ākea a me kahi neʻe hou ʻia ʻana mai ke kua i ke poʻo. Ka ʻūhā nui loa ka punawai loko, paʻakikī a koʻikoʻi.

I kēia lā, ʻekolu mau lālā i hoʻopiha ʻia, me nā ʻekahi subspecies, o loko o nā kalapu wai. ʻO ka maʻamau maʻamau o lākou i kahi kalapu scaly. Eia kekahi a me ke kaʻaahi kūlohelohe a me ke kalepa hoʻi.

ʻO ka pālahalaha ʻōpala he mānoanoa ka nui o kahi ʻāpana o ke kāwili a i ʻole kahi kala ʻulaʻula (i hilinaʻi ʻia ma ka noho), kahi i uhi ʻia e ka pā nui, hoʻonaninani a me ke kala. He poʻokela nui ia, nui, nā lehelehe kikokiko, ma luna o ka mea i ʻelua o nā ʻāpana antennae like ʻole.

Hoʻohālikelike ʻia ka māka ʻōwili e nā ʻāpana nui, hewa ʻole i noho ʻia. ʻO kekahi subspecies i pau ʻole ia. Ma ke ʻākau a ʻākau-komohana o ka Russian Federation hybrids o ka Galician koropmala me Amur carp i ʻike pinepine ʻia.

Noi ʻo nā loko he nui o ka ʻāina i ka ʻāʻī ʻana i nā pōpoki o ke kalima me ke kaleka crucian. Hoʻohui ʻia lākou i kā lākou mau hoa hana ma o nā liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi. ʻOiai i ka wā ʻelemakule.

E pili ana i kahi noho kalapu

Noho ka Carp i loko o kahi mau hale kō me ke kaulike maʻamau o nā oxygen - nā kahawai, nā loko, nā hale kanu, nā kahawai like ʻole, nā kuikamu, a pēlā aku. Eia kekahi, hiki i ka wai ke kahawai a kū paha paha. (Noho wale ka ʻōpū ma nā kahe wai. Maanei e ho'āʻo ai e noho i nā wahi i hoʻomāhu ʻia e ka lā a hohonu i kahi 5 mika. ʻO ka hapa pinepine ma kēia mau wahi me ka pālolo a i ʻole a siliki lalo a me ka nui o nā mea kanu. No laila ke kakali nei ka lawaiʻa holomua loa i ke kaʻa i kēlā mau wahi. I ke kauwela kauwela, ʻike pinepine ʻia kona mau hui i nā wahi me ka hoʻonui o kēia wā. ʻIke ʻia kahi i hele aku nei ma ʻaneʻi e ʻimi i meaʻai.

Loaʻa pinepine nā poʻe liʻiliʻi i nā mākē pāpū pāpū o nā ʻohe, pāpū pāpū a hoʻi a hiki paha. Maanei lākou e noho ai a hoʻoilo.

Hoʻomoe ʻo Carp i ka hoʻoilo ma ka lalo o nā lua hohonu a hiki i ka 10 mika hohonu. I loko o kēia manawa, ʻo ke kaʻina hana a pau e ola ana i loko o kona kino, e hooki i kā lākou mau hana, ke uhi ʻia ke kino me kahi ʻāpana mālamalama (slime), e pale ana iā ia mai ke anuanu. Kūleʻa ka hanu, a pulu ʻo ka ʻū mau i loko o kahi kūlana o ke keʻena hoʻohemo.

Carp spawning

Me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā lā mua o ka pūnāwai, ke piʻi nei ka wai a hiki i + 15 ° C, waiho ke kālai i kona hoʻoilo a hele i ka hiawai. Ma hope o ka hoʻomakaʻana o kahi manawa zhor spawning. Hoʻomaka ka poʻe hana kaʻa mea huakaʻi i kāna huakaʻi i nā kumu spawning, i kekahi manawa, ma kahi mamao loa mai kahi o ka hoʻoilo. Akā naʻe, ʻaʻole kēia e hoʻonāukiuki iā ia. ʻOhiʻiki ʻole ʻo Carp. Ke kaʻi nei i nā papa spawning, ua lanakila ʻo ia i nā pale koʻikoʻi: ʻo ka zaploty kiʻekiʻe, liʻiliʻi a me nā kaʻi nui, a me nā kāwili liʻiliʻi.

Hāloka ʻo Carp. ʻO ka kumu mua, loaʻa nā kihi liʻiliʻi e ka poʻe liʻiliʻi, a laila ʻoi aʻe, a, ka hopena. Hoʻololi ka mea i hānai ʻia ma kahi o 10 mau lā no ka mākaʻikaʻi o nā ʻelele o kēlā me kēia hui, no laila e pau ka hana holoʻokoʻa i loko o hoʻokahi mahina.

Koho i ka waʻa kahawai ka mea kahawai wai kahe ʻana no ka lawena. ʻAʻole hana ia kahi pili wai. Hiki i nā iʻa i waena o nā pua o nā ʻohe, i nā wahi i hoʻopiha ʻia me ka ʻū, pulupulu, nā ʻano o nā ʻano nui, nā ʻano a me nā mea like.

Pehea ka pili ʻana o ke kalaka i lalo o ka wai

Ma mua o ke hopu ʻana i kahi huelo, ʻaʻole ia e makemake e aʻo i kāna ʻano. Ke hilinaʻi nui loa ia i nā kūlana o ka ʻāina. Pēlā ʻo ia i nā kihi hema, e hoʻomaʻamaʻa pinepine ke kalipona, e hoʻomau i ka ʻai a kokoke i ka makahiki holoʻokoʻa. Akā aia kekahi hoa mai ke kūkulu ʻākau a i ʻole paha o ka waena o ka ʻāina i hāʻule i loko o ia ma hope o ka hūlū mua i ka lua me ka ʻole e ʻai ana a hiki i ka pūnāwai. Ma muli o kēia, e ulu wikiwiki ka iʻa o nā ʻaoʻao hema a loaʻa iā ia kahi nui a me ke kaumaha.

Noho ʻo Carp i kahi pale. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole like me ka bream like, ʻaʻole ka nui. Ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, he mau haneli mau kānaka. Ke neʻe nei nā kaʻa o nā kaʻa i nā kaula lōʻihi. Ma ia ʻoihana nō paha kekahi o nā momona ʻokoʻa. Loaʻa nā spekimen nunui i kahi noho manawaleʻa.

Hoʻomaka ka hule maʻa me ka mea hoʻokūkū kai nui - ka iʻa. ʻAʻole waiho ʻia kekahi koho ʻē aʻe ko kā mākou hero. Ma hope o nā mea a pau, hoʻomāneʻaka ʻo ka iʻa i mua i ka wā, e noho ana i nā lua maikaʻi. ʻAʻole naʻe he koho ʻē aʻe ʻo Carp, akā e moe ai ma luna o ka ʻenemi.

ʻAiʻai ʻai

ʻOiai ʻo ka ʻoki a me nā iʻa manu ʻole, makemake ʻo ia i nā mea kanu iʻoi aku ma mua o nā holoholona.

ʻO ke kokoke i ke waena o ke kauwela, i ka wā e hoʻomaka ai nā kīwī o ka ʻāʻī, ke hoʻopiha nei kaʻai o ke kolo me nā huaʻī, nā pepeke, nā nalo, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. ʻO nā poʻe nui i hoʻopau ʻia i ka palulu palupalu. Hoʻokomo ka Carp i nā uaki. Me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka pouli, ua ʻike pinepine ʻo ia i ka pae pāpaku a me nā ʻāpana pali paha, e hele mai ana ma ʻō a i waiho aku kēia mau wahi me ke ʻano o ka lā. Ma mua o kou ʻānai ʻana i ke kalapu, pono ʻoe e ʻike i kēia mau mea a pau.

Hoʻopili ia i nā mea kanu a me nā holoholona, ​​lawe pinepine ka lāʻau i ka ʻai i kā lākou ponoʻī. Kānō pinepine nā kānaka nui i nā poʻe wīwī, ke ʻimi nei i nā iʻa nui. Mahalo i kēia hiʻohiʻona, lilo ka noho maluhia me ka nui no ka milo.

ʻAiʻai

ʻAno like ka meaʻai o ke kalapu. Hiki iā ia ke ʻai i nā mea kanu a me nā holoholona. Mālama nui ia i ke kakahiaka, ke ahiahi a me ka pō. ʻAno ʻole ka ʻai i ka lā. I ka huli ʻana o ka meaʻai, hiki ke kokoke i kahakai, a i nā wahi pāpū hoʻi o ka waihona wai. Hoʻokomo ʻia ka hānai ʻai i nā pua o ka ʻoihana, nā mea kanu lalo, nā wīwī, nā kolo, nā crustaceans liʻiliʻi i ka wā o ka molting, leeches. Loaʻa ka māla i ka mea āpau - ka palaoa, nā nūpepa, nā ʻāpana, ka palaoa, ka bale, ka palaoa, ka pī. Eia kekahi, ua loaʻa kokeʻo ia i ka pōpoki. Hana maikaʻi ʻo ia i mua o ka spawning a ma hope o ka hoʻoilo). ʻO ka pena hoʻoilo i nā kākō i nā lua. Ma keʻano holoʻokoʻa, ke kalua, me ka manawa o ka hoʻoilo, e ʻai mau i ka manawa, ʻaʻole no kekahi mea e kapa ʻia ʻo ia he "puaʻa wai." Mālama mau ia a ulu wikiwiki; i loko o ka makahiki hiki ke loaʻa iā ia i hoʻokahi kilogram.

Carp lawahi

Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i nā lawaiʻa lawena a me nā hana o kāna huʻu ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻokoʻa o kā mākou papahana lawaiʻa uk a i ʻole ma ka ʻatikala:

Hoʻomaka ka lawaiʻa carp i loko o ka manawa i loko o ka wai, i hoʻokahi hebedoma a i ka hapalua ma hope o ke kahe ʻana, i ka wā e hoʻomoʻi ai ka lā i ka wai iā + 16 ° C. Ma mua koke o kēia, e hoʻonui pinepine ʻia kāna hana. Ke hoʻomāeʻa maikaʻi ʻia ka loko, a ʻike kēia ma hope o 3-5 mau lā, e like me kona nui a me ka hohonu, lilo ka lawaiʻa i ka ikaika loa. Inā i ka hoʻoilo kahi i uhi ʻia me ka papa o ka hau, ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke moe i ka lawaiʻa maikaʻi. ʻO ka nele o ka oxygen e pili ana. Akā mai haʻalele. Ma hope o 15 - 20 mau lā, e hōʻoia hou ka iʻa i kāna hana mua.

ʻO ka pīpī koi loa i ke kalapu ke ʻike ʻia i nā wahi me ka hohonu o kahi o 2 mika. I mea e lilo ai ka lawaiʻa i mea holomua hou, pono ʻoe e makaʻala i ka loko. Ma hope o ka ʻike maka, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻomaopopo i ka nui o nā wahi i hele pinepine ai ko mākou hero.

I ka pūnāwai, ʻoiai i ka wā o ka spawning, ua ʻōlelo ʻia e hoʻohana i kahi mauʻu umatur saturated me nā protein. ʻO ka makukū mau i hoʻomaopopo ʻia i ke kakahiaka a me ke ahiahi pō. He kūleʻa nui ka lawaiʻa kaʻa i ka wā maikaʻi. Hoʻonui ia i nā manawa kūpono o kahi hopu maikaʻi.

Ke hele mai nei ka lawaiʻa ʻana i ka wā e pau ai ke anuanu o ka wā. Hele mai ia i ka waena a i ʻole hopena o ka ʻōʻī. Aia nō ia i ka pae a puni. Heluhelu i ka ʻatikala aʻe - lawena lawai lawaiʻa. ^ E Ha yM. Ma ia mea e aʻo ʻoe i nā koho lawaiʻa ʻike ʻia.

Heluhelu i ka wehewehe ʻana i ka iʻa maluhia a me nā mea ʻānō ma nā ʻaoʻao o ka pūnaewele Ribalka-vsem.ru. E nānā i nā wikiō hoihoi a maikaʻi loa mai ka lawaiʻa ʻana a me nā hoʻomaha. E kāhea i kā mākou ʻaoʻao i nā pūnaewele Pūnaewele.

Loaʻa nā hale kūʻai lawaiʻa maikaʻi ae ʻae ʻoe e kūʻai aku i nā huahana lawaiʻa i nā kumukūʻai koi!

E hahai mai iā mākou ʻoihana pūnaewele - ma o lākou wau i paʻi ai i ka ʻike i nā ʻike he nui, nā kiʻi a me nā wikiō.

Nā ʻāpana kaulana o ka pūnaewele:

Mālama ka ʻōpio lawena iā ʻoe e hoʻomaopopo i ka pehea a pau ka iʻa, e like me ka makahiki a me ka mahina.

ʻO ka ʻaoʻao lawaiʻa e lawaiʻa iā ʻoe e pili ana i nā pā lawaiʻa kaulana a me nā ukana.

Nozzles no ka lawaiʻa - wehewehe mākou i nā mea kikoʻī e ola ana, nā mea kanu, nā mea kanu a me nā mea ʻole.

Ma ka moʻolelo bait, e ʻike ʻoe i nā ʻano nui, a me nā ʻano i kā lākou hoʻohana ʻana.

E hoʻokūkū i nā mea lawaiʻa lawaiʻa e lilo i lawaiʻa maoli a aʻo iā ʻoe e koho i ka pono kūpono.

ʻIke lā

Nui, ʻike, ʻike i ke ʻano o ka iʻa ʻano ʻona. Nani ka ia e ʻike ʻia. Māmā ka maʻalahi o ke kuhi ʻana i ka maikaʻi a ma kona ʻano kūlohelohe.

ʻOi nui, me kahi paena keʻokeʻo iki a lahilahi ke uhi, uhi ʻia, e like me ke kapa, me nā ʻalala a nani hoʻi, hiki i kēia iʻa ke hoʻololi i kona kala e like me ka noho ʻana. Akā ʻoi aku kāna mau kala ma mua o nā ʻaoʻao.

Hōʻike ke kiʻi iʻa i ka nui o ke poʻo o ke kalima, i mākaʻikaʻi ʻia nā lehelehe hōʻailona me kahi ngaki.

Hoʻomaopopo!

I ka hoʻoilo, iho mai kahi kalai mai kona hohonu maʻamau a hohonu i kahi o 10 mau mika, loaʻa ka hohonu o ka hohonu o kahi hohonu a hū ʻia i loko iā lākou, i uhi ʻia me ka uhi o nā mālamalama. Kū ʻo ia i ka ʻai, ʻaʻole anuu hanu.

ʻO ka hoʻomaka wale o ka pūnāwai, ke hoʻomaka nei ka wai e hoʻomanahana maikaʻi, ʻaʻohe lū ma mua o ka hopena o Malaki a i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ʻApelila e waiho nei ka lāʻau i kona wahi hoʻoilo.

Carp puberty i ka wā e hiki ai lākou i ka makahiki i ʻekolu a hiki i ʻelima mau makahiki.

Kūpono nā kaʻa i ka wai pāpaku, ma ka wai kahakai, ma waena o nā mea kanu, ma ke ʻano o 18 mau kiʻekiʻe. Kūkulu ʻia kā lākou mau puʻu, ʻo ia hoʻi, e mālama ʻia ana lākou ma nā pūʻulu i hui pū ʻia me ʻekolu wahine. Ma hope o ka hoʻomakeʻa, ulu ʻia nā caviar i nā lā ʻekolu a ʻehā paha.

ʻO Fry a me nā poʻe'ōpiopio ke alakaʻi i kahi nohona hui, neʻe i nā ʻohana. A laila hāʻule nā ​​ʻohana i nā pūʻulu liʻiliʻi. ʻAi ʻia ka hoʻomaka ʻana o kēlā me kēia iʻa e ʻai a ʻai wale.

ʻAʻole neʻe nā kaʻa, e makemake mau lākou e noho ma kahi maʻamau.

ʻAiʻai ʻai

ʻAi ʻia ka iʻa nei, ʻokoʻa loa, e hānai mau ana i ka ʻai, e ʻai ana i nā pua o nā mea kanu wai, nā mollusks, nā huaʻa, nā iʻa a me nā ʻaka, ʻōpala.

Ma hope o ka hoʻoilo, hoʻoili nui nā mea kanu i ka mea ʻai a ke kalapu, a ma ka wā o ke oohi ua loli wale ia i ka meaʻai holoholona.

Nā ʻōlapa kik

Aia nā ʻano kūloko maʻamau o ke kalapu maʻamau, a nui ka ʻano like ʻole o ka iʻa. No lākou, no ka laʻana

• aniani a i kā carpii aliʻi - iʻa me kahi helu liʻiliʻi o nā unahi
• pepeke pepeke me kahi kino piha ʻole,
• kuhi ʻaila - iʻa me ka ʻono ʻokoʻa, gula, a ʻulaʻula, kūleʻa a ʻulaʻula like ʻole.

Nā Kūlana Kūʻai

• ʻO ke koʻikoʻi o ke kino o nā carps ma ke ano hiki ke 20 kg, a hiki i ka lōʻihi ka lōʻihi.
• ʻIke ʻia kahi hihia o ka lōʻihi (ma mua o 100 mau makahiki) o kēia iʻa (ma loko o kahi home home).
• Paliki nui nā kālele i ka ʻalā o nā kahawai o ka muliwai e hoʻolalelale ai nā kānaka i ke kahakai.
• Ma Australia, hoʻopili ʻia nā kalepona maʻamau, nā waikahe a ʻike ʻia ʻo ia he mau mea hoʻokomo weliweli.

He palapala koʻikoʻi ma ka kuke lāʻau

Ke pili nei ka Carp i ka iʻa no ka hōʻino ʻole ʻia ʻana o kona mau ʻano. Eia kekahi, ua nui nā ʻano kuke no ka kuke ʻana i kēia iʻa.

Akā, e like me nā iʻa wai wai, ka mea e noho nui nei i ka wai kūlohelohe a i ʻole kaheheʻe ʻana, hōʻuluʻulu i ka nui i nā mea simbiotic a me nā mea kanu parasit i loko o kona kino ma mua o kona ola. ʻOi aku ka nui o nā parasites (nā pehu), ma nā ʻano like ʻole o ke ola ola - mai nā hua a i nā ulia pōkole, hōʻuluʻulu i nā ʻōpū o ka iʻa a me nā kiʻi ʻoniʻoni e uhi ana i nā insides.

Inā ʻaʻole maikaʻi ʻia ka iʻa, hōʻeuʻeu helminthic, kahi maʻi maʻi parasitino, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka mālama ʻana, ʻaʻole hiki ke pale ʻia.

No laila, he mea nui e hoʻomaʻemaʻe maikaʻi i ka iʻa, holoi i ka ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū i hoʻokuʻu ʻia mai ka viscera, ʻokaʻoni i ke kiʻi e uhi ana i ka ana, a laila e hoʻokaʻawale i ka iʻa i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe wela.

Hoʻohana ʻia

Aia kekahi ʻoi aku ka moʻo moʻo o ka iʻa like ʻole i ke ʻano kāpika i ka kumu maoli, i hana ʻia e ke ʻano kūlohelohe, noho ʻana o ka wai haʻahaʻa a kū i ka wai wai hou. Ke ʻae ʻia nei, he helehelena kona helehelena i nā hana hōʻiliʻili manuahi e pili ana i ka hoʻopukapuka ʻana o ka wao wai manu, ka home o ke kūpuna no ke kūkulu hema o Kina a me Caspian. He kuhihewa hewa kēia. Loaʻa i ka ʻūhā no nā kahe a me nā kaʻe o ke ʻano, kahi like i ka kino kino. ʻO ka iʻa, e noho mau nei ma ka wikiwiki me ke anuanu o ka oxygen, loaʻa i ke kino haʻahaʻa-like me ka lōʻihi o ka lōʻihi. ʻO nā kālena, ʻo ia ka mea i kau me ka maluhia a me ka momona i nā mea kanu meaʻai me ka liʻiliʻi o nā mea kikoʻī, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka momona, ulu ka ʻōpū a ulu.

ʻO ia ka loko loko, i lilo i mea ma mua no ka noho ʻana i nā hemahema o ka oxygen, me nā loli ʻole i koho ʻia, ua hoʻopuka ʻia e ke kanaka i nā kino wai i ʻEulopa, ʻAsia, ʻAmelika ʻAmelika. ʻO ka pilikia o nā holomua o nā maʻi biology ma luna o kahi ʻāpana kālā i kū mai i ka makahiki 150-200 wale nō a ua alakaʻi i ka ulu ʻana o nā mau pua a me nā piliona maoli.

He mea nui ia e ʻike i ka huaʻōlelo "carp" ʻaʻohe kumu ʻepekema a ua hoʻokumu ʻia i ka kenekulia 19 me ka lima kukui o ka mea kaulana i nā puke e pili ana i ka lawaiʻa a me ka hopu, ʻo Sergei Aksakov. Ua kipa pinepine ka mea kākau Ufa ma kāna ʻāina liʻiliʻi, kahi i komo ai ʻo ia i nā pānaʻi he nui i kēia mau lā. I loko o kekahi o nā huakaʻi hele i ke kaʻi nui loa o ka muliwai Kama, ka ʻaha ʻo Agidel (muliwai Belaya), ʻo ia ua hopu ʻo ia i nā kalapu. ʻO ka mea lawe kai kūloko, ʻo ka Bashkirs, kāhea lākou iā lākou i loko o ka ʻatikala, ma ka unuhi ʻana mai kā Turkic e pili ana i ka "iʻa silt." Ma hope o nā hoʻopuka a ka mea kākau, ua loaʻa i kahi huaʻōlelo i waena o nā kānaka, akā, mai ka manaʻo o ka ichthyology, nā holoholona ʻalalā a me nā kālio i nā ʻano nui (ʻo ʻoininus carpio).

Nui ka loko o ka loko, waiwai nui a me nā kūlohelohe; ʻo ia ke kumu pilikino o ke ʻanoʻano i kapa ʻia. No ka taxon, ua hoʻohana inoa ʻia nā mea hoʻohana ʻē aʻe maʻamau - maʻamau, gula, scaly. ʻO ka manawa pinepine i loko o nā nohona o kēlā me kēia lā kahi inoa e hōʻaiʻē ʻia ai mai ka ʻōlelo Old Slavonic - koropio.

Nā hiʻohiʻona a me nā dime

He ʻano ʻokoʻa ka hiila maʻamau, ʻokoʻa a ʻike ʻē, ʻokoʻa i nā poʻe ʻē aʻe.

• ke kino pohō, lōʻihi, kūpono ʻole elongated kino,
• nā kaulua nui ka hoʻopili i nā cycloid kaulike me kahi poʻomeleʻeleʻele (32-41 i ka laina hope)
• gula a ʻulaʻula paha.
• ʻānā alo,
• ka waha nui nui a maloʻo haʻahaʻa e hiki ke huki ʻia i loko o ka ipu,
• ʻelua mau hua liʻiliʻi o ka ʻenehana liʻiliʻi, i hoʻomohala ʻia i ka lehelehe i luna,
• nā maka kiʻekiʻe me nā haumana liʻiliʻi a me nā mea ʻala gula gula.
• darker back me ka lōʻihi loa notched o kahi hina-hina ʻula (3-4 mau pukana paʻakikī a me 1722 nā ʻalulu palupalu),
• pani kūʻālua

Hoʻopili nui ke kino o ka iʻa me ka mucus, e hōʻemi i ka kuʻi ʻana i ka wai, hoʻomaikaʻi i ka thermoregulation a pale i ke kino mai ka maʻi a me ka parasites. Loaʻa i ka Carp ka nui a me ke kaumaha. Ua hoʻopaʻa inoa ʻia nā hihia o ka hopu ʻana i nā mea ma luna o 55 kg me ka lōʻihi o ke kino hoʻokahi a me ka hapa mika. Akā i nā puʻupuʻu maʻamau, ʻoi aku ka ʻōpio (2-7 mau makahiki) ke kau nei ʻo 1-5 kg ​​hiki iā ia ke lanakila. Hōʻike ʻia ka ʻano o nā ʻano he lōʻihi i nā makahiki 40-50, a ʻo kekahi mau ʻano hoʻohālike e hiki ke hoʻokūkū i nā palena makahiki o hoʻokahi haneli a ʻoi aku paha.

ʻO nā ʻenikini he 70 mau makahiki i loko o nā kalaka i loko o kona kahua home, āna i hoʻoili ai a he 35 mau makahiki ma mua o ka mea nona. Noho ka kamaʻāina o ka Land o ka Rising Sun e mālama nei i ka iʻa ma ke ʻano he ʻohana, a hōʻole ʻolua e kūʻai aku iā ia no nā miliona miliona (ma kahi o $ 20,000).

Nā kuʻuna a me nā home

Kuhi ka hale kalepa i loko o ʻEulopa, Central a me ʻAsia ʻAulika, ka Far East a me nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe i loko o ka latua a me ka hema.Ma Lūkia, nui nā wai i loko o nā wai wai o nā kai ʻeleʻele, Azov, Baltic, Caspian, Iapana, a me Okhotsk. Aia kahi noho punahele a kūpaʻa paha i nā kahe kahe kai, nāʻuhe wai, nā loko, nā loko a me nā ʻōpala me nā nui o nā mea kanu a me ka palupalu, lepo, kapa a i ʻole ka ʻāina paʻakikī. ʻO ka hohonu hohonu o ka noho ʻana he 2-10 mika. He mea koʻikoʻi nā pā hale no ka iʻa, no laila ʻike ʻole ʻo ia i ka makana me ka papa lalo, e makemake ana i nā wahi me nā lua, nā mākeke o nā lāʻau kiʻekiʻe a pākī paha, nāhelehele, a me nā koholā.

He aha nā mea e ʻai ai ka pipi

ʻO ka iʻa he betopala pono a me ka ʻahaʻaleʻa. Hiki i kahi mea lawelawe wahaheʻe kūikawā ke hoʻolilo iā ʻoe i ka wikiwiki a me ka hoʻomaikaʻi maikaʻi ʻana i nā ʻōpū lalo haʻahaʻa. ʻO nā niho pharyngeal i kuhikuhi ʻia, nā lehelehe ākea ākea e hoʻonohonoho pono ʻia no ka hopu ʻana a me ka hana ʻana i ka meaʻai paʻa. ʻO ke kumu o ke ʻano o ke kalapu, ʻo ia:

• ulia, nā ʻōpū, nā ʻōpū,
• nā mollusks, nā iniseti, ka ʻōpala,
• nā caviar o nā amphibians a me nā iʻa ʻē aʻe,
• nā pipi, nā mea kanu, mea lawaiʻa,
• pua a nā mea kanu, detritus, leeches.

ʻO kahi mālama makemake ʻo ka molting crayfish a me ka bale. I ka ʻike pinepine ʻia i nā wahi i loaʻa ai ke kalaka, hiki ke lohe ʻoe i ke ʻano o ka pāheʻe o nā pōpoki o nā pūpū, e hōʻāwili i nā mākaʻikaʻi o ka ʻike ʻole. Hāpai ka poʻe nui i ka ʻōmole palaoa, ʻaʻole naʻe lākou i ʻimi iā lākou. Mahalo i ka hoʻolohe loea a hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia i nā antennae e lohe ʻia, lohe nā ʻōpio i ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana i nā kahe koko i loko o ka lepo a i ʻole ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o kahi pepeke ma luna o ka wai o kahi mamao o 10-20 mika.

ʻO nā iʻa kālena - kahi mālama no ka poʻe Emperors Kina

Kānō ka poʻe puna lawaiʻa i ke kalapu - he ʻano puʻuwai kēia i mea no ka hopu ʻana i ka wai. Mahalo nui lākou i ka loko kaona a me nā gourmets no ko lākou olakino a me nā ʻano ʻono. E kūkākūkā hou ʻia ana.

ʻO 2500 mau makahiki i hala ma Kina, a laila ma Iapana, ua aʻo lākou pehea e hoʻohālikelike ai i kēia iʻa maikaʻi, ʻaʻole no kekahi mea i ka unuhi ʻana o ka inoa "hua". No nā haneli mau makahiki, ua lawaiʻa nā kānaka i ke kalapu e leʻaleʻa i kēia iʻa kupanaha.

Nā hiʻohiʻona maʻamau

I kekahi wā ʻōpiopio, pili ka iʻa i ka hele ʻana o ke kula. Ke ulu nei lākou a nui a hoʻonui i nā pono meaʻai, neʻe lākou i kahi pūʻulu liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi a i ʻole ka noho manawaleʻa. Noho ka hana kūlohelohe o nā ʻano i nā manawa mahana mai ʻApelila a ʻOkakopa. ʻO ka pihi forage mua e hāʻule i ka mahina o Iune, i ka wā e pōloli ai ka iʻa ma hope o ke kaʻe ʻana i ka mea e pono ai nā kaona kai. Me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke kauwela wela a me ka hoʻokele nui ʻana i ka wai, ua neʻe ka manawa canting i ka pō, akā i ka ua nui, ke ao anuanu hiki iā ia ke ʻimi i ka ʻai i ka lā āpau.

Ma ʻAukake-Kepakemapa ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka nalu lua o ka zhor, e hoʻomau ana a hiki i ka hopena o ʻOkakopa a pili pū me ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana o nā waiwai o ka ikehu no ka hoʻoilo. I ka wā o ka hana, mālama lepa a nui ka ʻimi i ka loaʻa ʻana o ka meaʻai. Hōʻea pinepine ka hana hoʻopunipuni me kāna hopu ʻana - ʻo ia ka hoʻomaka a me ka waena waena o ka laula i lawe ʻia e nā hopu nui nā poʻe lawaiʻa. I ka wā hoʻoilo, hoʻopau ka koropala ma nā lua anu i ka hoʻoilo me nā lā liʻiliʻi. Ke hele nei i loko o nā kula nui me nā cyprinids ʻē aʻe, ke paʻa nei i ka hana animale a ʻaʻole loa e hānai.

Nā hiʻohiʻona a me ka noho maʻamau

Kau ʻia nā loko iʻa a, i ka manawa pono, he mea noho o nā loko a me nā loko. ʻO kona kūpuna hoʻi ka ʻoki moku. Akā ʻoi aku ka mea mamo ma mua o ka progenitor i loko o nā ala he nui: ka nui, ka hoʻomanawanui, a me ka pono. Hiki ke noʻonoʻo ʻia ka ʻōpala wai momona i kahi iʻa maikaʻi no nā unahi nui a me nā ʻeke ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula.

Ke kala o ke kua o ke kua o nā kalaka kūahi, ʻoi aku ka māmā o ka ʻōpū. He hina ka palahe. Hiki i ka mahiʻai iʻa i kēia mau lā ke ʻokoʻa i ka kala o ka ʻelele makana a hoʻokō i nā hopena pono.

ʻOkoʻa ke ʻano o ke kino i ke ʻano: ua kūlohelohe nā ʻano humpback i loko o nā kalapu wai, like me ke kalepa crucian, pohō a pōkole. ʻO nā kino elongated a cylindrical kahi mau hiʻohiʻona o ka noho ka muliwai. ʻEhā mau antennae ma nā kihi o nā lehelehe melemele, pōkole a pōkole, e wehe i nā ʻōpū āpau.

Holo ka nui o nā hoahānau āpau: a ʻōpio mau makahiki ʻelemakule paha he 20 cm ka lōʻihi, a hiki i nā pākeke ke ulu a hiki i 1 m a i ʻole nā ​​liʻiliʻi iki. ʻO ka paona nui o ke kau loio ma mua o 37 kg. He mea paʻa i ka honua ma Romania i 1997. ʻO nā mea maʻamau e hele i nā keʻena kūʻai kūʻai he paona no kahi 1 a 8 kg.

Ua aʻo ʻia nā Kina kahiko e hoʻohua i ka kalima a kaulana loa ia ma ka ʻāina Asia. ʻAno lanakila ʻo ia iā ʻEulopa, a ma ka kenekulia 19 ua hiki aku i ʻAmelika. ʻO ka palupalu a me ke ola o ka iʻa i hoʻopuka i kona pālahalaha ʻia.

ʻO nā ʻano nui o nā kalapu ka ʻokoʻa o ke kala o nā unahi, a me ka hele ʻana o ka uhi nui scaly. ʻO nā koho koho hou i kēia lā ua ʻae i ka hoʻokumu ʻana o nā mea he 80 subspecies hoʻolālā. A laila, ma kahi ʻohana nui hiki iā mākou ke hoʻokaʻawale.

— kalepa gula, me nā lepa laupaʻa a nui a-ʻulaʻula. Nui ke kino, elongated, me ke kua kiʻekiʻe, ke kaua me nā file "file" i nā māpala,

I ke kiʻi aia kahi kāmeka gula

— kālai kukui, a i ʻole ke aliʻi ʻana. He mea maʻalahi ke kuhikuhi ʻia ma o nā pae ʻili e waiho ana ma ka palena o ke kino a i hoʻopuni ʻia e nā mokupuni ma ke koena. Ma ka laina ma hope e loaʻa nā lua me nā aʻa o ke kino, aloha e ʻike ai ka ʻike i ka iʻa e pili ana i ka noho. Heʻuʻuku nā liʻiliʻi ma nā loina ma mua o nā hoahānau, a hiki i kēia holoholona ke loaʻa ke kaumaha koʻikoʻi ma ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana me nā poʻe ʻē aʻe.

I ke kiʻi, kāohi pili

— ʻoki kūmole (ʻili kino), kiʻi ʻia mai nā mea hana maoli. Loaʻa iā ia ke aniani o ke kahe ʻōmaʻomaʻo,

I ke kiʻi, hānai (ʻili.)

— koihale kākela. Ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia lākou mai ke kenekulia 14 i Iapana a ua ʻokoʻa ʻē i ka ulaula, ʻulaʻula a me ka melemele, ma hope o nā ʻano like ʻole o nā ʻano like ʻole a me nā mea pākuʻi. kalepa māloʻu, kiʻi ʻia, me nā hiʻohiʻona ma ke kua a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. Hoʻonohonoho ʻia ka koho koho ʻaʻole wale e ka wahi a me ke ʻano o nā wahi ala, akā, ma ke ʻano o ke ʻili, ke ʻano o ke kino, ke poʻo, a me nā ʻāpana.

I ke kiʻi, kālai koi koi

ʻAi ʻohana ʻohana ʻokiʻoki i pili i nā kānaka noho ʻole, hiki ke hele a komo i loko o nā hale waiwai i haumia ʻia. Makemake ʻo ia i nā wai paʻa, kahe a ʻole hoʻi e kahe a ka wai, no laila ke noho nei ʻo ia ma nā muliwai liʻiliʻi, nā loko a me nā loko. Hōʻike ʻia ke ʻano kino i ka wā e loli ai ka hana.

E makemake nui ia i ka wela, akā ʻo ka ʻili scaly kahi i loaʻa i loko o nā hale hoʻomaha maloʻo o Siberia. Ua hōʻike ʻia ua luhi ʻia ʻo ia e noho i ka wai paʻakai ma hope o ka heʻe ʻana o ka māhu, e kālai ana i ke komo i ka moana.

ʻĀina hūʻai noho kamona ma ka waena waena a ma waena o ka Rusia, Kelemānia, Farani, Czech Republic, Australia, America. ʻO nā wahi puna i nā iʻa i loko o nā hale noho me kahi pālahalaha paʻakikī, uhi ʻia me kahi ʻāpana liʻiliʻi pālolo. Ma lalo o ka wai driftwood, mau mānoanoa a me nā ʻanā he mau hale iʻa a me nā waihona meaʻai i ka manawa like ma nā wahi he 300 m.

Ma hope o ka pohō ʻana i ka wā e kahe ana a kahe, kūkulu ʻia nā mauna o ke ahewa ʻole a me nā lāʻau. Pono e nānā ʻia kēlā mau wahi kaʻa i ka wa i noho ai. Mālama nui ʻia lākou i ka hohonu o ka 5 m. He mau koho ʻo nā pali Mirror ʻaʻole e kohu i ka hohonu, mālama i ka wai pāpū a pono ai nā wai make.

ʻAno hānau

No ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā hua, ʻike i kahi mahana piha loa o + 18-20 ° C, no laila e kūloi ana ka lohi ʻana i nā kalaka, maʻamau i ka hopena o Mei, i ka lā mua o Iune. Loaʻa i kahi wahine kika wahine ʻelemakule mau makahiki he ʻelena mau "kamaʻilio", kālele, a hele i ka wai pāpaku (40-60 cm), nui me nā mea kanu palupalu. Kuhi ʻia ʻo Caviar ma ke ʻāpana no 2-4 mau lā. ʻO ka huina o ka helu kime mai hoʻokahi wahine he 0.2-1.0 miliona hua. ʻO ka manawa incubation o ka hoʻolālā embryo e lawe ai i nā lā 3-6. Hoʻoulu ka lālani i hoʻokuʻu ʻia i nā lā he nui i kahi kūlana static, e loaʻa ana i nā mea pono pono mai nā ʻeke hua. Hoʻomaka kahi ʻōmai wai hoʻohana nui me ka zooplankton a me nā ʻiʻo liʻiliʻi.

ʻActerlelo ola a me ke ʻano

ʻIʻai ʻaʻai - he kuhi ʻōpio kēia. Pili ka poʻe liʻiliʻi ma nā helu he nui, a hiki i nā poʻe nui ke noho kaʻawale, me ka noho wale a noho ʻole, akā kokoke ka pili i nā ʻohana. ʻO ka hoʻomaka wale ʻana o ka anuanu hiki iā lākou ke hoʻohui e loaʻa i kahi hoʻoilo i kahi hoʻoilo. Hoʻonoho lākou e kali no ka hoʻoilo i kahi kūlana hiamoe ma kahi hohonu o 10 m, ma nā puka lalo.

Inā ʻaʻohe mau wahi kūpono, a laila iʻa ka iʻa i nā wahi i haumia. Mālama ʻia kahi māla hohonu o ka pāla e mālama iā lākou. Hoʻomaka ka ala ala i ka hiki ʻana o ka pūnāwai me ka hoʻōla lohi o ka wai. ʻO ka manawa maʻamau no ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hana e hoʻomaka i ka hopena o Malaki - i ka hoʻomaka o ʻApelila

Hoʻomaka ka iʻa pōloli i ka ʻimi no ka ʻai a waiho i nā pūʻulu hoʻoilo no ka hoʻoilo, e piʻi ana i ka hohonu maʻamau o ka 4 mau mika. Hoʻonohonoho ʻia ka loko iʻa, mai hana i nā neʻe lōʻihi a i ʻole nā ​​neʻe. Mālama ʻia nā holoholona ʻōpala ma nā loko i nā holoholona i loko o ka nahele ulu a me nā mea kanu ʻē aʻe, aʻo ka poʻe nui i noho hohonu a koho ʻia mai nā hale noho wale no ka hānai.

ʻAʻole nā ​​wahi mālamalama no lākou, he pōpō a me ke aniani nā kalima. ʻAʻole lākou i neʻe i loko o kahi ʻohana lehulehu o ka lehulehu, akā, ma kahi kaula, i hui pū ʻia me nā kānaka like ʻole o nā ʻano like ʻole, e like me ka ʻohana maoli. ʻAnoʻoluʻolu lākou, me ka makaʻu ʻole. ʻO kahi hōʻike e ʻike nei ka hele mai o kahi lāʻau kalaka kona ʻano e ʻona nei i luna o ka wai.

ʻImi pinepine nā lawaiʻa i kēia ʻano ma ke kakahiaka a i ke ahiahi. He kiʻekiʻe loa a pihi ka lele ʻana, ʻoki loa, a hāʻule i lalo i ka wai. ʻO ka hopena o ia lele a me ka neʻe i hoʻokumu ʻia ma luna o ka hāʻule ʻana, ua maopopo loa ia ka mālama ʻana i ka mea āna i ʻike ai no ka manawa lōʻihi.

Manaʻo nā poʻe loea he hōʻailona kēia o ka neʻe o ka ʻohana e hānai, a ʻo ka lele pinepine ʻana he hōʻailona ia o ke ʻano o ka wā ʻōpala. Hoʻomaopopo ka lawaiʻa i ka hiki ʻana o ka ikaika, akahele a me kekahi ʻike i ka iʻa iʻa. ʻO ka lawaiʻa ma ia mea noho i kahi kūlohelohe he mea hoihoi a hoihoi hoʻi, koi i ka hoʻomanawanui a me ka naʻau.

Ua kūloi ke ʻano ʻūpū wai hoʻomanaʻo o ka iʻa ma ka ʻala a me nā hiʻohiʻona o ka hānai. Inā ʻoe e hopu i ka iʻa ma ka maunu, a e hoʻokuʻu iā ia, a laila ʻaʻole ia e hoʻi hou i ka ʻōpū like, me ka ʻike ʻana i ke kumu e pōʻino ai.

ʻO ka ʻono maikaʻi loa o ka ʻono a me nā mea i hoʻouluulu ʻia e hana ai nā kamela e hona no kekahi mau mika, a ʻo ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ka hoʻāʻo e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke kānana i ka meaʻai ma o ka uha ʻana i nā mea liʻiliʻi o ka meaʻai ma o nā kumulāʻau. Ua kapa ʻia ʻo ia he mea nui ʻole, akā ʻo ka hiki ke koho e ʻohi iā ia i kahi maʻi ʻohiwi.

ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona koʻikoʻi o ke kalapu ka mea hiki ke ʻike ma 360 ° a wehe i nā kala. Hiki iā ia ke neʻe i ke kala, ke alualu nei i ka pōʻino a puni, no ka mea ke ʻike ʻo ia i nā mea āpau i kāna huʻu. ʻO ka mea iʻa a me ka nui o ka iʻa, ʻike maopopo nā māka, no ka mea ʻaʻole maʻalahi ke lawaiʻa i kahi ʻano nui.

Wikiō: nā ʻoki ʻaʻa

Hoʻopau maoli ka lua o kēia i ka mea mua, ke noʻonoʻo nei he mea ʻano wale nō. Wahi a ia, ua loaʻa ka nui o ka iʻa me ka mea ʻalā he nui i nā muliwai a me nā loko, ua ʻokoʻa nā ʻano. ʻO ka noho māla wai e kahe ana i ka wai i loaʻa i kahi ʻāpana, kahi torpedo-ʻano like ʻole, a i kahi e kū ana, ʻo ka laulā, ākea a me ka pohā. Ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo ia ka loko o ka loko wai i noho ʻia e nā kānaka ma ʻEulopa, ʻAmelika ʻĀkau a me ʻAsia. Ma mua o ʻelua mau kenekulia i hala aku nei, ua hoʻomaka ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i nā ʻano like ʻole o kēia ʻano like ʻole, e hoʻomohala ana i nā pua hou a me nā ʻano like ʻole.

Hoʻokumu ʻia i kēia kaʻepekema, ʻaʻohe ʻōnaehana ʻepekema ka inoa "carp" i ʻike ʻia i ka makahiki 19 i loko o ka puke o Sergei Aksakov e pili ana i ka lawaiʻa. No laila ua kapa ʻia ka Bashkir ka lāʻau kalā, kahi ma Turkic i pili ʻo "iʻa silt", pālahalaha ʻia kēia inoa ma waena o ka poʻe, akā manaʻo nā ichthyologists e like me nā holoholona ʻalā a me nā ʻolua like ʻole.

Hoʻokaʻawale wale ʻia nā kalepa ʻaʻole i ka muliwai a me ka loko hoʻi (loko), akā, i loko o nā ʻano ʻokoʻa, ʻo ia hoʻi:

ʻO kā lākou hiʻohiʻona nui e ka ʻāpana a me ke wahi o nā pauna. Hili ʻia ke ʻaukā unahi me nā unahi nui. He mau ʻona wale nō ka hana ʻana ma ka puha a me ka ʻōpū. He nui a nui nā unahi o ke kaʻa i ka aniani a loaʻa i nā wahi (ma ke alo o ka laina maʻa o ka iʻa). ʻAʻohe māla ʻona ka māla i ka palaka, akā i ka nui o ia ka nui, a hahai ʻia e ka nui o ke aniani, a laila - scaly.

Nā hiʻohiʻona a me nā hiʻohiʻona

Kuhi: ʻO nā aʻa iʻa i ka wai

Hiki i ke kaʻaila maʻamau ke hoʻomaopopo maʻalahi i nā ʻokoʻa ākea:

• ke kino nui, ke'āwawa, ke kino elongated,
• nā unahi launa nui me ka maka o ka maka, ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka iʻa, he 32 a 41 mau unahi,
• he gula ma nā ʻaoʻao o ka iʻa, ʻomaʻomaʻo, ka ʻōpū mānoanoa ka māmā o ka ʻōpū.
• kalaiʻa - ka mea nona ka waha nui e kī ana i loko o kahi wai,
• ua hoʻolima ʻia nā lehelehe luna me nā ʻāpana antennae pōkole, ʻehā loa,
• ua kau nā maka o nā iʻa, liʻiliʻi nā haumāna liʻiliʻi e nā pua naniʻala.
• ka pākū kahakai me kahi pale uliuli a i ka welina poʻo o kahi kala hina-ʻulaʻula me kahi aniani spiny, ke kīkole ka pupuʻu a me ka pupuʻu.
• pilua i nā lua ʻaila.

Hoʻopuni ʻo Mucus i ke kino holoʻokoʻa o ke kalapona, e pale ana i ka hakakā, ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ke kūloko o ke kino, pale i nā ʻano o nā parasites. He nui loa a koʻikoʻi ke kālai. Uaʻike ʻoiaʻiʻo ua kuhi ʻia nā Spimens me ka hapa he hapalua o ka hapa a me ka lōʻihi ma mua o hoʻokahi a me ka hapa mau miki. Kēia luhi ka nui o ia mau ʻano, maʻamau ʻo nā kaʻa mai ke aniani a hiki i ʻelima kilokilo ke hele ma waena, ʻokoʻa ka makahiki o ʻelua a ʻehiku mau makahiki. Ma ka holoʻokoʻa, hiki ke hoʻonohonoho ʻia i loko o nā kalapu ma waena o ka poʻe lōʻihi, ua kau ke ʻano i ka nui o ke ola a hiki i ka 50 mau makahiki, a ʻo kekahi mau mea hoʻonaninani hiki ke ola i nā kenekulia.

ʻO ka mea e pīhoihoi: ʻO kahi Kepani he kanahiku mau makahiki kahi kahe āna i hoʻoili ai, ʻo ia he 35 mau makahiki ma mua o kona haku. E nānā pono ka mea nona ka holoholona aloha, ʻaʻole ʻo ia e ʻae e kūʻai aku no nā kālā.

ʻAuhea ke noho kuhi?

Kiʻi ʻAi: Carp iʻa ma Lūkia

He ākea ka laulā o ka noho kaʻa; ua loaʻa i ʻEulopa, ka Far East, kokoke a me Central Asia, a me ka ʻāina o ʻAmelika Hema. ʻO ka therpophilic ka lāʻau, no laila e pale i nā ʻāpana ʻākau.

I ko mākou ʻāina, ua lawe ʻoi aku ʻo ia i nā wai wai i loko o nā wai moana like ʻole:

• Kuʻi Baltic
• Kepanī
• Eleʻele
• Caspian
• Azovsky
• Okkuhi.

Makemake ʻo ia i ka ʻū wai, aia kahi ʻano i ʻole o kēia wā, ʻaʻole palupalu, makemake nui e noho i loko o nā loko, nā loko wai, nā ʻōpala, nā wahi wai, a me nā kēne. Palapala wahi no ka kalaka - he wahi waiwai ma kahi nui o nā ʻano lāʻau like ʻole a hāmaʻomaʻo hoʻi (puʻu, siliki, silika) lalo. ʻO ka maʻamau, e noho ka iʻa ma ka hohonu o ka lua a he ʻumi mau mika. ʻO nā hale nui e pale aku i ke kalapu he mea nui loa iā ia, no laila e pale ʻo ia i nā wahi ākea kahi hohonu a ka pā hohonu. Hōʻalo ka Carp i nā lua i waiho ʻia i nā lua, nā mānoanoa paʻa loa, a me nā kalaiʻu loloa.

Ma ka laulā, ʻaʻole i kūlohelohe maoli ke kalaka, no ka mea, ʻo ia ka mea nui i ka loaʻa o ka meaʻai, i loko ona iho ka paʻakikī. ʻIke ʻia, no laila, ua pālahalaha nui kēia mea noho kokoleka me nā wahi āpau a manaʻo nui ʻia.

ʻO ka manaʻo hoihoi: Ma muli o ka nūhou o ke kalapona a me ka hoʻowahāwahā ʻana no ka nui o ka ʻohi ʻana i ke kō, ʻo ka mālama ʻana i ka iʻa wale nō e pili ana i mua o ka ʻai, ua kapa ʻia he puaʻa wai.

Nā hiʻohiʻona o ke ʻano a me nā ʻano hana

E hānai ʻo Carp i ke ola kolikipiki, no laila e hui pū ai i nā ʻohana, he nui wale nō nā kikoʻī he nui i hoʻokahi, akā pili nō hoʻi lākou i nā ʻohana like ʻole. Me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke anuanu, ua hui pū nā Bolsheviks i ka hui e hoʻoilo i ka hoʻoilo i ka hoʻoilo. No ka hoʻoilo, ke kāwele ʻia nā kalapu ma nā lua i waiho ʻia ma lalo, kahi e hāʻule ai lākou i kahi ʻano moe. Inā ʻaʻohe lua o ka pūnāwai, a laila e nānā nā baleen i nā ʻalā hiki ʻole no ka hoʻoilo, kahi lākou e noho ai, a me nā lemus e hoʻopuni ana iā lākou e kōkua i nā leʻaleʻa e hoʻokuʻu ʻole.

ʻAno nā kaʻa i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka pūnāwai, i ka manawa e hoʻomaka ai ka hoʻomoʻa ʻana i ka wai, hoʻomaka ka iʻa e hōʻike i kāna hana i ka hopena o Malaki, i ka lā o ʻApelila. Ua waiho ʻia ka hoʻoilo a lele ke kaʻa i kahi hohonu (mai ka 4 a 6 mau mika) e loaʻa ai kahi mea e pono ai. ʻO ka Carp kekahi iʻa iʻa paʻa ʻia; ʻaʻole ia e holo i kahi wahi paʻa.Ke neʻe nei nā kamela ʻōpio i nā hipa, e kū pinepine ma nā pua o ka ʻoi, a ʻo nā hoahānau hānai kaumaha e makemake i ka hohonu hohonu, e kahe wale ana i ka papa e ʻai wale ai.

Hāʻawi ʻia ka Carp i nā wahi lōlū lūlū ʻia, a i ʻole e pale i nā mālamalama o ka lā. ʻAʻole ʻaina nā lawehala i ka holoʻokoʻa, akā hana i kahi kaula, kahi i loaʻa ai nā iʻa o nā ʻano ʻokoʻa like ʻole. ʻAʻole ʻokoʻa nā kaʻa i ka hana ma ka hoʻopilikia, no laila hiki iā lākou ke manaʻo ʻia i nā mea noho mālie a me ka maluhia i nā mea ʻona. He mea kupaianaha loa ia ke nānā aku i ke kīpē i kūkiʻi loa i ka wai o ka wai a laila lele i ka nui.

Hōʻike pinepine kēia hiʻohiʻona i ka wanaʻao a i ke ahiahi o ke ahiahi a nānā i nāʻike hoihoi. Manaʻo ʻo Ichthyologists e hāʻawi i kēlā ʻohana like i kahi hōʻailona e hanai ana ia, a inā he pinepine nā laka, a laila hōʻailona kēia ke ʻano o ka wā koke. Hōʻailona loa kahi lawaiʻa no kekahi lawaiʻa o ka lawaiʻa, e ʻae nā mea lawaiʻa e mālama pono ʻia ka iʻa. He lāʻau ʻono nui loa ko ke kalalona e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke ʻāloʻi i ka mauʻu a i ʻole ka mea pio mai kahi mamao aku.

Mea hoihoi: Carp, ke hoʻohana nei i nā gills, kānana i ka meaʻai āu e makemake ʻole ai, no laila, he meaʻai maoli nō ia.

He mea maikaʻi loa ka hihiʻo o ke kālai kalepa, ʻike maikaʻi ia i nā ʻano like ʻole, a ʻo ka ʻaoʻao o ka ʻike a puni, i.e. hiki i ka iʻa ke ʻike aku i nā kekona 360, ʻo kāna hiʻu iho ʻaʻole e hūnā mai kona mau maka. I ke kalaʻeleʻele, hoʻonani nui ke ʻano o nā kalepa a hiki ke neʻe maʻalahi, ka nānā ʻana i ke kaiapuni. ʻO kēia ke ʻano o ka momona a me ka paʻakikī, no laila ke hopu ʻana i kahi mustachioed nui ʻaʻole maʻalahi.

ʻO ka hoʻolālā ʻenehana a me ka hana hou

Kiʻi ʻĀina: Carp River Fish

Hoʻopili loa nā ʻalemekaka ma kahi kokoke i ʻekolu a ʻelima paha ona makahiki, ʻo ia nā kāne a me nā wahine. ʻAʻole hilinaʻi ka hana hou ʻana o ke kalaka i nā makahiki hoʻokahi, akā ma ka ʻano o ka wai a me ka nui o ka iʻa ponoʻī. ʻO ka kupa ka thermophilic, no laila e pili kokoke ana i ka hopena o Mei, i ka wā ua hoʻomainu nui ʻia ka wai. No ka hoʻoulu maikaʻi ʻana, ʻo ka lōʻihi ka lōʻihi o ke kāne ka liʻiliʻi he 30 cm, a ʻo ka wahine hoʻi ma ka liʻiliʻi he 37.

Koho ke kalapu i kahi no ka spawning willow (ma kahi o ʻelua mau mika), maʻamau ka hana ia i loko o ka ʻohe. He paʻakikī ke loaʻa i kēia mau wahi, no laila hoʻihoʻi ka iʻa iā lākou i nā manawa pinepine.

He mea kupaianaha: ʻaʻole nā ​​ʻokoʻa o nā Carps i ka swan fidelity, no laila, loaʻa i ka wahine ka nui o nā mea gentlemen (a ʻelima hoʻi), e hoʻomaka ana i ka hua mua. Hoʻomaka ka puu o ka sppning carp ma ke kakahiaka (ma hope o ka napoʻa ʻana o ka lā) a lōʻihi ma kahi o 12 mau hola.

He waiwai maikaʻi loa nā kālele. Hoʻokahi wale nō wahine hānai i hoʻokahi hua miliona hua, kahi e kuke ʻia i nā mahele i kekahi mau lā. ʻO ka wā inkubation he ʻekolu a ʻeono lā paha lā, a laila ʻike ʻia nā larvae e hānai nei i nā kiko o nā ʻomo ʻōpala i ʻelua a ʻekolu mau lā. A laila, kau i ka hoʻomaka ʻana e ʻauʻau, ʻai i ka zooplankton a me nā mea kanu liʻiliʻi, e hoʻomohala nei. ʻO ke kokoke loa i nā mahina 6 mau makahiki, hiki ke kaupaona ke kālena ma kahi o 500 gram. Ke ulu nui nei ke kalala a hoʻomohala i kēlā me kēia wikiwiki.

ʻO nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe

Kuhi: ʻO nā iʻa ʻeke wai

ʻOiai ka ulu nui o ka lāʻau kalepa, he ʻenemi kāna a me nā mea hoʻokūkū, no laila e makaʻala mau ia. ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻo ka mea e paʻa ʻia ʻole, ʻaʻole nui nā kānaka nui e moe ana ma lalo, akā ʻo ka pīpī a me nā hua. Ke hoʻoweliweli nui nei nā rana huna iā lākou, makemake nui e ʻoliʻoli i ka hua a me ka palaoa. Hoʻokahi wale nō pōkahi i ka lā e hiki ai ke hoʻopaʻa a hiki i hoʻokahi haneli haneli a me nā hua. Ma kahi o nā baki, nā kōkake, nā ʻōpū, nā iʻa a me nā mea ʻē aʻe he nui wale o ka poʻe i lalo o ke aupuni lalo ʻole e hāʻawi ʻole i ka caviar. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ka caviar i kahakai, i kahi e hoʻomaloʻo ai, a ʻā nā manu ʻē aʻe i ia, a ʻai ʻia nā holoholona ʻē aʻe.

Mai poina e lilo nā kaʻa i nā malihini ʻē ʻole i ka cannibalism, no laila he mea makua kahiko ʻole me ke aloha ʻole e ʻai i kona kaikuaʻana. I loko o nā hale noho e noho ai nā iʻa lawaiʻa, hiki i ke kāpela ke ʻai maikaʻi no nā paila nui a iʻa paha. Makemake ke aniani e hānai i nā aground, no laila, hiki iā lākou ke hopu ʻia e kekahi mau holoholona i ka maikaʻi ʻole i ka ʻono ʻana i ka iʻa. No nā specimens liʻiliʻi, nā manu (gulls, terns) i ka hopuʻana i nā iʻa i mea pōʻino; ulu pinepine ka ulu ʻana o ka ʻōpio ʻōpiopio.

ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole hiki i kekahi ke hiki ke haʻi i kahi kanaka i hiki ke hoʻonohonoho ʻia i waena o nā ʻenemi o ke kalua. ʻO kēia ʻano iʻa ka mea kaulana loa ma waena o nā lawaiʻa o nā lawaiʻa e aʻo loio i ka ʻimi ʻana i kona mau ʻano a me nā makemake ʻono. ʻO ka hopu ʻana i kahi paona koʻikoʻi, ʻaʻole ia he hana maʻalahi, akā ʻo ka ʻoluʻolu ʻole o ka mustachioed e pāʻani pinepine iā ia iho. Hiki ke hoʻomaopopo me ka hilinaʻi ʻole inā ʻaʻole ia no nā mea ola e hūʻī i ke caviar a me ka pā o ke kalapu, hiki i kēia iʻa ke hoʻopiha i kahi nui o nā muliwai a me nā kino wai ʻē aʻe.

Ke ʻano o ka noho ʻana a me nā ʻano

Kuhi: ʻApana Nui

Oi aku ka nui o ka palahalaha ana i kahi kalapu, a nui loa kona lehulehu, e noho nei keia ia a hiki i kona inoa, i anohana ia e kona puu mahuahua loa. Aʻōkuhi ʻo Carp, hiki ʻole i ke kaiapuni, kokoke like ʻole, no laila, e hoʻopili koke ʻia i nā ʻano waiwai. I kēia nā mea he nui a keu aku nā mahiʻai iʻa e puaʻa me nā hua ʻōpala, no ka mea he waiwai maikaʻi loa ia, no ka mea ʻano ʻaʻano ʻano nani, a loaʻa wikiwiki i ka paona.

Hiki ke ʻike ʻia me ka manaʻo o kēia ka iʻa ʻaʻole ia i ʻike i kekahi mau hoʻoweliweli i kona noho ʻana, ua ākea ka nui o kona lehulehu, hōʻano hou ka lāʻau i ka nui, no laila ʻaʻole ia e kau i kekahi hopohopo ma waena o ka poʻe ʻepekema, ʻaʻole ia ma lalo o ka pale kūikawā ma nā wahi āpau. He mea maikaʻi ia nā mea e hoʻopukapula ana i nā mea āpau (ka hua a me ka ʻalī i ʻai ʻia e nā ʻano holoholona like ʻole, iʻa, manu a me nā manu a me nā mea like ʻole) inā ua ikaika ʻē aʻe ʻo ia i ka nui o nā kino wai a hoʻohiki koke ʻia i loko o lākou.

No laila, ʻaʻole ka hapanui o ka mea kalai i ʻike i kekahi ʻano lele i lalo, ʻoi loa kēia iʻa i waena o nā gourmets, nui ka poʻe e like me ka ʻiʻo kalima, no laila he nui ka nui o nā kīʻaha like ʻole e mākaukau mai ia. ʻO ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana i kēia iʻa no ke kūʻai aku he mea waiwai nui loa ia, no ka mea ulu a ulu nui a hoʻoulu hou.

I ka hopena, makemake wau e hoʻohui i kēlā lawena ʻaʻa wale nō ka mea maikaʻi loa ke kiʻi, akā, me ka helehelena nani, nani, nani, ke ʻano ikaika o kekahi e hāʻawi ʻia i kahi antennae liʻiliʻi. I kēia manawa ua ʻike mākou i kēia ʻano ʻoi loa ka ʻoluʻolu a me ka maluhia, kahi ʻano ʻoluʻolu haʻahaʻa. Ke nānā nei i nā pirouoso virtuoso e hoʻokūkū ana ke kalaka ma o ka lele nui ʻana i waho o ka wai he mea hauʻoli nui ʻole. A inā ʻike kahi i ʻike i kēia, ʻo ia nō ʻo ia i pōmaikaʻi maoli.

ʻIʻai ʻaʻai. ʻAno ola, noho a pehea e kuke ai i ka kalapu

ʻO ka Carp kekahi o nā kīʻaha punahele e lawaiʻa o nā lawaiʻa ʻike. Hāpai ka lawaiʻa kahi hanana kūikawā kahi a lākou e mākaukau pono ai. Ma ka ʻatikala e kamaʻilio wau e pili ana i nā hiʻohiʻona o kēia iʻa, nā ʻano lawaiʻa a me nā ʻano kuke ʻono.

Aia ka Carp i ka ʻohana o cyprinids, kahi papa o ka iʻa hihiu. He iʻa nui kēia me ka nui ākea a puni. Hoʻohālikelike ke poʻo, ʻo ka nui me nā maka heʻe. Aia ka waha ikaika ma ka lalo o ke poʻo, he ʻāwi kuahiwi ka ʻelua o ka antennae i ʻōlelo ʻia me ka naʻau kiʻekiʻe. Hoʻokahi ʻia nā ihu, a aia ma luna.

Loaʻa nā kaulike nui, kūleʻa, paʻa a paʻa i ka ʻili. ʻO nā kihi o nā unahi heʻeleʻeleʻele. Kekahi mau ʻano kalai ma muli o ke koho ʻana i nā unahi i pau a i ʻole lākou i hoʻololi i ka ʻili (a i ʻole ka ʻili kino hoʻi). Ke kūpaʻa nei ka ʻāpana o nā unahi i ka ʻano o ka iʻa a me kona wahi noho ʻana.

Ua uhi ʻia ke kino o ke kalepona me nā lemus kope.

Hana ia i kekahi mau hana i ka manawa hoʻokahi:

• hoʻomaikaʻi i ka ʻala ʻana i ka kolamu wai,
• hoʻoponopono i ka hoʻoili wela,
• pale aku i nā iʻa mai nā maʻi a me nā lolo.

Mahalo i ka'ūhā, ʻaʻole i maʻalahi maʻalahi ke hopu ʻana me nā lima lima. ʻOiai ma hope o ka make, hoʻomau nā kaulike i kahi pākuʻi no kekahi manawa.

ʻO nā kaʻa he wā lōʻihi. Noho mālie lākou i ka 45-50 mau makahiki, a i ka manawa like i hiki i nā kiko nui.

Nā lāʻau pena

He kuhi hewa ʻole he kilima puaʻa kahi ʻano mea kupanaha i ke kalepa ona.

He kuhihewa kēia manaʻoʻiʻo. ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, ua loaʻa mau nā carps i nā kino wai. ʻO kēlā mau ʻano kalapu e noho ana i ka wai kahe ʻana he kino ʻilihune, elongated. ʻO nā ʻōhua Lacustrine e noho ana i nā wai wai kūmau me ka waiwai hoʻolaʻa waiwai e hoʻolōʻihi ʻia ka paona a hoʻonui i ka nui. ʻO kēia mau ʻano ka mea e hoʻomaka i ka bred i loko o nā loko waiʻa o Kina, mai kahi e pālahalaha aku ana a puni Eurasia. I kēia manawa, ʻo nā iʻa wai nui e noho nui ana i loko o ka wai i manaʻo ʻia he mau kalapu.

Aia kekahi ʻano nui o ke kalima:

1. ʻŌpō maʻamau. ^ E Ha yM. ʻO nā manuʻai maʻamau ka mea maʻamau. Kāhea ʻia nō hoʻi kaʻili, ke kālai gula, etc. ʻO ke kino nui, puni, hoʻopuni piha ʻia me nā mea kaupaona. Hoʻopili kokoke ke kala i ke kālā a i ʻole ke kala, ʻike ʻia nā spēneʻeleʻeleʻeleʻele. ʻO kēia ʻokoʻa ia ke kumu o ka kanu ʻana i nā kūlana kūlohelohe.
2. ʻĀpana kikini. ^ E Ha yM. ʻO nā lā kupaianaha keu, ke kupua i Kelemānia i ka makahiki ma mua. ʻO kekahi o nā ʻano nui. ʻAʻole uhi ka pauna i ke kino holoʻokoʻa, akā ʻo ka ʻaoʻao luna wale nō a i ʻole ma ka ʻaoʻao o ke kino. He nui loa nā kulu nui loa, ʻoniʻuku, like me nā aniani liʻiliʻi (no laila ke kumu o ka inoa).
3. Kahiki (leathery) carp. ^ E Ha yM. Aia ka inoa nona iho. Ma ke kino o kēia ʻano ʻāpana o ke ʻano he manuahi ʻole. ʻAʻole like ia ʻano o kēia ʻano holoholona i ka mea ʻē aʻe, ma muli o ka nui o ka hiki ʻana o nā maʻi a me nā maʻi.
4. Kālā kikowaena. ^ E Ha yM. Loaʻa ʻike ʻia kēia ʻano ma nā ʻano kūlohelohe. Noho ʻo ia ma ke kino wai wale me ka wai kahe, me ka hiki ʻole ke noho i ka wīwī o ka oxygen. Hoʻopili nui ke kino o ke kalapu nui a uhi ʻia i ka ʻōpū. ʻO ke ʻano o nā muzzle kekahi mau mea like me ke kalapu maʻamau.
5. Koi Carp. ^ E Ha yM. Ua kaulana ka poʻe Japanese no ko lākou aloha i ka huaʻai i nā iʻa hiu. Ma muli o kahi koho, hiki iā lākou ke loaʻa i nā ʻano ʻano paʻa o nā kalapu o nā mea ʻē aʻe. ʻO kēia mau iʻa i ʻāpana a ʻulaʻula a me nā keʻokeʻo. Hoʻohālikelike nā hōʻailona hemolele me ke kalepona a maʻamau paha.

Loaʻa nā hiʻohiʻona loea ʻē aʻe o ka ʻohana carp: Siamese carp, carp, crucian carp. He ʻano pilina āpau kēia mau mea āpau.

ʻOkiʻoki ʻaʻa

ʻO ka nui o ke kaliki e hilinaʻi loa i ke ʻano ʻokoʻa. ʻAʻole ulu nā kālena hihiu i ka pākuʻi nunui. ʻO ka paona o ka pākahi o nā kānaka he 3-4 kilokilima, akā ʻaʻole i ʻike ʻia ka lawaiʻa ʻana ma ke kalepa; he mau mea kaupaona hoʻokahi he paona ka 10 kg.

ʻOi aku ka nui o nā ʻano loko. ʻO ka paona he 3-7 kg. Akā aia nō nā palapala e hoʻopaʻa ʻia ana i ka hopu ʻana o kahi kalapu moana maʻamau e ʻoi ana ma mua o 55 kg. ʻO ka kalima ākea kīhai iki iʻoi loa ma mua o ka aniani. ʻAʻole ulu nā iwi Japanese i nā nui nui. ʻO ke kaupaona o 1-2 kg.

Hōʻea waha

Kālele ʻia ka Carp ma nā wahi a pau o Eurasia. ʻO ka noho ʻana o nā holoholona hihiu he nui wale nō ia ma ka wai kahe, me ka mea e pono ai ka pale kaulike maikaʻi.

Aloha maikaʻi ka loko o ka wai kūmau. Hiki ke lilo i loko o nā loko, nā loko, nā ʻokoʻa hoʻohanohano. He thermophilic nā ʻano o nā Lacustrine, no laila, ʻaʻole i ʻike ʻia ma nā ʻāina ʻākau.

Hiki i ka hoʻohanohano a me nā ʻano maʻamau ke noho i ka wai ʻōpala paʻa. ʻAʻole pili kēia i ko lākou olakino.

I ke kauwela, makemake nā hale kaʻa i nā wahi i hoʻomehana maikaʻi ʻia me kahi hohonu o ka hohonu ma mua o 5 m. Koho ʻia ka lalo i lalo a i ʻole ka mea ʻala.

ʻĀlio maikaʻi

Loaʻa iā Carp kahi ʻano ulu lāʻau. Holo ka ulu ʻōpio i loko o nā holoholona nui, a noho ka poʻe pākeke i ka noho kaʻawale, akā mālama mau i ko lākou mau hoahānau. E ʻauʻau ka ʻōpiopio i ka wai pāpaku, i loko o nā ulu āpau. Noho ka nui kupapaʻu i ka hohonu, e piʻi aʻe ana i ka ʻōpū wale nō e ʻimi ana i ka meaʻai.

ʻO ka noho ʻana nā kalapu he poʻe noho wai o ka wai, ʻaʻole i kau ʻia i ka neʻe ʻana. ʻO kā lākou noho ma ka malu a me ka twilight. ʻO nā wili uila ʻokoʻa ʻole me nā algae ʻaʻole lākou no lākou.

Hoʻokomo ʻia ka Carp i ke kakahiaka a me ke ahiahi. I kekahi manawa ke ʻimi ai i ka meaʻai hiki ke lele i waho o ka wai. Hana maoli ʻo ia iā ia, a waiho i hope o nā nui a me nā ʻāpana nui i ka wai.

ʻAʻole ulu ʻino nā kaʻa. ʻAʻole lākou i kaʻana like i ka ʻāina, nā meaʻai a me nā wahine. ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona nui o kēia iʻa ka hiki ke ʻike i nā mea āpau a puni a hoʻomaopopo i nā kala.

I ka hoʻoilo, nohoʻole nā ​​kālele i ka hāmeʻa. Hele lākou i ka hohonu, ua uhi ʻia i ka ʻalani mālamalama a hiamoe hoʻi. Hiki ke ola ʻana i ke ala i ka puna, i ka manawa e hiki ai ke mahana wai i 8-10 ° C.

Carp ola ola

Ma hope o ka waiho ʻana o ka wahine i nā hua, a ʻo ke kāne impregnated iā ia, hoʻomaka ka hālima ola. Ma kahi hebedoma ma hope mai, hatch hū nāu mai nā hua hua (ʻaʻole iʻoi aku ma mua o 5 mm). ʻO nā lā 10 mua e hānai ana lākou i kahi ʻeke melemele, aia nā mea pono e pono ai. A pau ka ʻai melala, hoʻomaka ka ʻai palaoa i kā lākou ponoʻī.

Noho ka ʻōpio ola i nā lau o ka mauʻu a me ka pua. Kūleʻa nui paha ka Carp, i ka makahiki ka ulu a 20cm ke kaupaona nei ma kahi o 500g. Ma ʻelua mau makahiki o ke ola, ke kaupa nei ʻo ka lāʻau kalaka ma mua o hoʻokahi kilogram. Ma 3 mau makahiki, lilo a ʻelemakule nā ​​kāne, a ʻelima wahine nā ʻelima. Hoʻomaka ka wā kikoʻī.

ʻO ke ola kaʻaila he awelika o 3-8 mau makahiki. Ma nā wahi mamao ʻole i nā lawaiʻa, hiki ke noho maluhia nā kamela a hiki i 30 mau makahiki a keu paha.

Nā ala e hopu i ka kālena

ʻAʻole maʻalahi ke ala o ka hopu ʻana i ke kalapu, no ka mea inā he nui ka iʻa. ʻO ke kānāwai nui loa e pono ka pana ʻana e ikaika a kūpaʻa e kūpaʻa i ka jerking o nā iʻa nui.

I kēia manawa, ua kaulana loa ka lawaiʻa carp ma luna o ka hānai. He maʻalahi ka polokalamu:

• koʻikoʻi koʻikoʻi (250-300cm),
• Paʻa Reel
• hānai kaukani. ʻO ia ka mea e hana ai i kahi mea hele,
• kīleʻa me nā māka. Hiki ke hoʻopaʻa ʻia lākou i ka "rocker",
• huʻihuʻi kō.

Pono e hoʻopiha i ka maunu i loko o ka hānai (ʻo ka mea maʻamau ka porridge a i ʻole kekahi mau mea kanu). Ke hoʻohana nei i ka iʻa lawaiʻa, nā mea hānai, a me nā māka, e hoʻolei i ka loko. Hoʻokomo ʻia kahi hōʻailona ʻehā ma ka lāʻau lawaiʻa. ʻO nā mea a pau, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻomaha a kali i ka hōʻailona. Hiki i nā mea hānai holoholona ke ʻano o nā ʻano like ʻokoʻa. ʻO ka meaʻoi aʻe ka nui, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻolei iā ia.

ʻO Donka-zakidushka paha ke ʻano kahiko a ʻoi loa ka hōʻoia ʻana i ka kalapu. ʻO ka polokalamu maʻalahi loa penei:

• reel
• ka laina lawaiʻa ikaika (ʻo ka lōʻihi ka mea i kau i ka ka waiwai kūikawā, akā ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka lawe ʻana me kahi laina).
• he mau leʻaleʻa liʻiliʻi me nā mākeke,
• kaumaha (hoʻolilo ʻia nā kīloko ma kahi hoʻokahi)
• huʻihuʻi kō.

A maʻalahi ka hele lawaiʻa ʻana. Holo ʻia kekahi laina lawaiʻa me kahi ʻauʻau lawaiʻa a me nā kaula hamo ma luna o ka wahi lured. Ma ka laina nui e pono ʻoe e hoʻopili i kahi polokalamu hōʻailona hōʻailona. Hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia kēlā mau pākuʻi me ke koʻokoʻo me ka paona lāʻau.

A kaulana hou kekahi lāʻau lawaiʻa i ka lawaiʻa ʻana i ke kalapu.

No ia, pono ʻoe i ke kāhiko ʻana:

• kahi paʻa lawaiʻa ikaika (5-6 m). ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi ʻaʻole e mālama ia mea, no ka mea ke kahu hānai ʻana i kahi ʻāpana nui, hiki i ka lāʻau flimsy ke hōʻemi wale ʻia,
• kāwili puʻupuʻu
• hoʻihoʻi,
• ʻokiʻoki i nā pōpō kūpono no ka hoʻouna pololei ʻana o ka moku kuapo,
• kawiki
• laina lawaiʻa. ʻO ka mea nui e ʻoi aku ka mānoanoa, nā maka lepa - ʻoi loa ka ʻōlelo.

Kūʻai mākou i ka maunu, e hoʻolei i ka ʻōpala i kahi wahi lised a kali i ka ʻalā.

ʻO kēia nā ʻano maikaʻi loa ʻekolu e hopu ai i ka kalapu. Ma muli o ke anana, loaʻa paha i ka mea hiʻohiʻona nā hiʻohiʻona.

Halela Bait

Hōʻulu ʻia nā pahu lāʻau i loko o nā pūʻulu nui:

1. Pūnaewele kanu. Hoʻopili kēia i ka palaoa a me nā pī, i kekahi manawa hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana i ka bīlī pearl nui. Ua hoʻāʻo maikaʻi ka palaoa a me ka berena.
2. Ka holoholona hihiu. ʻO kēia ʻano ʻano o nā wīwī, koko, kihi, ʻoki o ka ʻiʻo. E like me ke kānāwai, he ulu maikaʻi kēlā maunu i waena o ke kauwela.
3. Puka kumu. ʻO kēia ʻano ʻano mea lele, mormyshki, etc. Aahi ua hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa nā ʻano like ʻole i nā hale kūʻai.

ʻO ka nui ka poʻe kalepa e hana i kā lākou mauʻano ponoʻī.

ʻAnuʻanuʻu

ʻO ka umit kūpono kūpono no ka lāʻau kalima he hapalua ia o ka kūleʻa. Pono e hānai nui ka wahi, ʻaʻohe pono e mālama i kēia.

Ua loaʻa i kēlā me kēia lawaiʻa kona mau ʻano baʻa. E kamaʻilio wau e pili ana i ka maʻalahi a me ka maikaʻi.

ʻĀpopo + penina + pōpō + ʻono. Pono like ke kalpona i ke ʻala o nā cereals acidified a i ʻole legumes. No laila, kuke mākou i kēia ala: hoʻomoʻa i ka palaoa a me ka bale ma ka wai no 12 mau hola. A laila hoʻokaʻawale i ka wai, hoʻohui i kaila aila a me ka hinu, hui. Ua mākaukau nā bait a pau. He maʻalahi ia ke kūleʻa, akā ʻaʻole liʻiliʻi.

Peas + ʻōnaʻomaʻo + ʻono. Pono e pīpī ʻia nā pī i kahi lā, ʻoiai e pono ke hoʻololi ʻia ka wai. I ka wā e mākaukau nā pī, pono ia e hui pū me ka cornmeal a hoʻohui i ka ono.

Pono ke koho ʻono ʻaʻailima e koho pono ʻia. ʻO nā mea kikoʻī kekahi: ke kāleka, ka meli, ka kāmela, ka vanilla.

Kālā kalepa

Hiki iā ʻoe ke kuke i kahi kīʻaha nui mai nā kalima:

• kālai ʻia - hiki iā ʻoe ke kālua i ka foil, ma ka paila, me nā mea ʻai, me nā ʻano ʻano ʻona. E lilo nō ka nui o nā kalapu. ʻAʻole hilahila kēia pākana e waiho i ka papa ʻaina,
• pepeiao - mai kahi kalai hiki iā ʻoe ke kuke i ka pepeiao momona i loko o ka lumi kuke a i ʻole i ka mahinaʻai,
• ʻokiʻoki - nā keke iʻa mai nā iʻa lau - kahi maikaʻi maikaʻi a me ka meaʻai,
• kālai palaoa - kālai waʻa i loko o ka pā e waiho ʻole ʻia e kekahi i ka manaʻo ʻole. Pono ka pipi me nā mea ʻala e hoʻomaloʻo wale i kou waha.

Maʻalahi ka kuke ʻana mai ka kāʻai, hiki i nā mea hoʻokalakupua kanaka hou ke lawelawe ia.

ʻApana kalapu

ʻO Carp he iʻa moku, no laila ʻaʻole kiʻekiʻe ka nui o kāna kalolo. Ka ʻike kalona o nā kalima he 112 kcal / 100g wale nō. Hoʻopau ka pili i nā iʻa kuke a ʻaihue paha. ʻO ka kāloti aʻa ka nui o ka calorie.

I kēlā me kēia kūlana, kahi kūpono ke kālai ʻia i kahi meaʻai olakino a maikaʻi paha. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o nā kānaka i hopu ʻia i ka nahele ma mua o nā loko wai.

Pehea e kuke ai i ka kalima

ʻO ka Carp kekahi iʻa iʻa momona i loko o nā mea pena. Hoʻomaopopo nā Nutritionist i ka ʻai ʻana i ka ʻai ma muli o kāna haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa a me nā momona o ka waiora. I waena o nā iʻa ʻē aʻe kumukūʻai loaʻa i ka mea kūʻai.

Hōʻike nā chef loea i ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i nā kīʻaha mai nā iʻa lau i kūʻai ʻia. Hōʻona kahi māla i kahi mea kanu kūikawā, kahi i ka wā o ka mālama e hiki ke hoʻonui a lilo i ka leʻaleʻa. ʻO ka pinepine, hoʻomākaukau no ka hana kalepa:

- kāpī i ka umu. No kēia, hoʻopaʻa ʻia ke kupapaʻu a kāwili ʻia me nā mea ʻala. A laila e kau i ke anuanu no ka pickling. Ma hope o hoʻokahi hola, hohola ia ma luna o ka foil, ʻoki i ka ʻiʻo i hope a hoʻokomo i nā ʻāpana lemon. I loko o ke kalai, e kāʻei ʻia ke wahi me nā aniani ʻoki ʻia. E ninini i kaʻaila momona a kau i luna o ka ipu palaoa i ka umu. Ma hope o ka hapalua hola, mākaukau ka iʻa.

- iʻa i loko o ka pā. Hoʻololi ʻia nā ʻāpana momona i ka wai paʻakai no 10 mau minuke. A laila e lawe mai i waho, e hoʻomoʻi i nā mea ʻala a ʻōwili i ka palaoa. Kāpī ʻia ka iʻa i ka aila ʻaila me ka hoʻohui o ka pata e loaʻa ai ka ʻōpala. ʻO ka mea e ʻike i ka kuke ʻana i ka iʻa kalapu, e hauʻoli mau ʻo ia i nā mea kipa me kahi kīʻaha olakino a maikaʻi loa.