Aia i ka mahina o ʻAukake, e lilo ke aniani i ka pīpī a hoʻomaka i ka ʻu. Wahi a ko mākou poʻe kūpuna, pehea kēia i hōʻike ai i ka leʻaleʻa i ka wā anuanu e hiki mai ana a me ka make wikiwiki a lākou i ʻike mua ai. Akā ua hōʻike ʻo ʻepekema ʻo kēia ʻano pili o nā mea hihiu me ka like ʻole o kā lākou make. E like hoʻi i ka hopena o ke kauwela, e hoʻonui nui ana ka nui o kekahi o kekahi mau mea i ʻike ʻia e like me ka lele ʻana o ka hāʻule.

• No ke aha e hoʻomaka ai nā pōpoki
• Pehea e ʻike ai i kahi liko lele

Holo ka ʻike

Manaʻo kā nā loea i kahiʻoi aku ma mua o 120 tausani mau a puni ka honua. Hiki i ka ʻike ma kēia ʻāina. Loaʻa ka mea pōpilikia i nā kūlana mahana. I ka Lūkini Lūkini, he maʻamau nā ʻano like ʻole:

1. Zhigalka. ʻO 25 mau lā wale nō ke ola ola o kahi pepeke. Akā aia ka manawa i ke ola o ka lighter he 70 lā. ʻAʻole lōʻihi aku ka lōʻihi o ke kino ma mua o 8 mm. ʻO kona hiʻohiʻona hoʻohanohano ka hope me ke alo o nā kaula. Ua like like nā ʻōkeke āpau me kahi lele o ka home. Ke nānā ʻia me ka mālama kūikawā, ʻike maopopo aia kahi kūʻa chitin ma ka proboscis. I ka wā o ka pīhoihoi, loaʻa ka honu waipona ma lalo o ka ʻili.
2. ʻO ka holo ʻana ka nui o nā lele nui e noho ana ma ka ʻEulopa. Makemake lākou i kahi i hoʻāla ʻia ai ka pae haʻahaʻa. Mālama lākou i ka bipi, kahi e hōʻemi ai i ka nui o nā hua waiu. Hiki i kēia mau 'āhelani ke hoʻolaʻa i ka maʻi leukemia a me ke anthrax.
3. ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona maʻamau he hale lele lele. He nui kona ʻāʻī a me nā puʻu elongated, nā ʻāpana o ka loa ma ka 3 o 50 mika. ʻIke ʻia lākou he mau mea ola weliweli a me nā mea wīwī.
4. He mau mea maʻamau ka ʻano o ka lumi. Hiki iā lākou ke lawe i nā maʻi parasit. Ma hope o kahi pōniu, hoʻomohala nā maʻi bacterial. ʻO ka proboscis e piʻi a 1.5 mm lōʻihi. I kēia hihia, ʻo ka nui o kēlā me kēia kanaka ʻaʻole iʻoi aʻe ma mua o 12 mg. Hiki i ka wahine i ka hana o ka hoʻohua ke hoʻohua a hiki i ka 150 huaʻai. I kona wā e ola ai, hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻo ia iā 4-6 kekona.
5. Laha koko (rusa). Ua kapa ʻia he ectoparasites, no ka mea e ʻae lākou i nā maʻi o ka like like. Ua ʻano liʻiliʻi loa ʻia kahi kanaka. Ma muli o ka hiki i ke ʻano o kēia ʻano hiki ke hāʻule i nā ʻēheu, pinepine lākou i ka hilahila me ka ʻoka.
6. Lele lele (ʻApelila). ʻO nā puʻu i ka wā pua o nā lau manu ʻehā. He mea palekana ia no ke olakino kanaka.
7. He lele ʻōuli ʻula ʻo Carrion. Ma ke kaʻina o ke ola, hiki iā ia ke hoʻopuka i 5 mau ʻaka i hana ʻia ma ke kino make, nā mea ʻōpala a i ʻole nā ​​mea ʻū a wehe.
8. Hiki i ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo ke kumu i nā maʻi parasit. Hoʻokomo ʻia nā hua ʻai ma nā hāmama a i ʻole nā ​​mea ʻala.
9. No ka hua ʻai e hōʻike ʻia ana e nā lele lele. Hiki iā lākou ke hōʻeha i ka kāpeti, ke aniani a i nā kāloti paha.

Pehea e holo ai kahi kulu?

ʻO ka mea e ʻoi aku ai ka māmā, e like me kā mākou i ʻōlelo ai, pono ke kōkua i ke komo ʻana i ko mākou koko. ʻO kāna ʻano proboscis he kiko kuhikuhi, a ma nā kaʻe o kona poʻo ua loaʻa nā niho liʻiliʻi e like me ka faila. I ka manawa like, nānā pono ke poʻo o ka proboscis, e like me ka pahi serrated.

Me ke kōkua o kēia mau lālā, holoi ka pepeke i ka ʻaoʻao o luna o ka ʻili, a laila kaomi ʻana i ka wai ʻona i loko o ka wahi e pehu ai, ke ʻano o ka mea e hiki ʻole ai i ke koko e ʻaihue koke. No laila, ma ka hoʻoheʻe ʻana i ka lua i ka ʻili, hoʻoneʻe ka mea koko nei i nā hehe koko protruding.

Hoʻokomo ʻia i nā kānaka ponoʻī

No nā kānaka, pilikia nā lele o nā ʻano i hōʻike ʻia i ka mea hiki iā lākou ke hoʻonāukiuki i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o nā maʻi o kahi ʻano palapula a me ka maʻi bacteria. Akā aia kekahi mau mea i loko o ke kaʻina o ka ʻili ʻana i ka lawaiʻu ʻili. Ma muli o kēia, ʻike ʻia ka edema a me ka huhū ma luna o ka ʻili.

He manawa i loaʻa i nā poʻe he nui i ka lāʻau ʻeha. Hiki i kahi lele Aferika ke hoʻomae i kahi maʻi hiamoe, i hoʻopuni ʻia me ka hoʻonāukiuki o ka nāʻaina nuku.

Ua hoʻomaka ʻia e lilo hou kēia mau Digterans i hewa hou aʻe i ʻAukake. Ka helu o ko lākou helu ma kēia mahina. I nā wahine, hoʻomaka ka wā hoʻoulu. Eia ka mea i ʻōlelo ai ke kumu e pehu ai: pono lākou i kahi kumuwaiwai hou. ^ E Ha yM. I ke kope ʻia, hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka maʻi e like me ka maʻi i loaʻa.

Kāleka

ʻO ka lōleʻa Autumn (Stomoxyscalcitrans) he mau mea lele maoli, he ʻelele o nā kime diptera. I ke ʻano a me ke ʻano o nā umauma, ua kokoke ia me kahi home. ʻAʻole ia he mea kupanaha ka hilahila nā nā pepeke, pīhoihoi lākou i ko lākou uluʻana i ka hoʻoilo. He kino keʻena kukui ka lighter me kahi lōʻihi o 5.5-7 mm. He hina ke kino, ʻeleʻele ka pehu ma ka umauma, nā ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele ma ka ʻōpū. ʻEhā mau laina lōʻihi ma ka mesonotum. Nui ka poʻo, kelepona. Ma nā pāpale nā ​​pani melemele-keʻokeʻo. Aia kekahi lihi ma ka lae. ʻO Antennae pōkole, ʻeleʻele, ʻeleʻele.

Noho ka maka maka ka hapa nui o ke poʻo. Hāʻawi lākou i ka mea nui i ke ola o nā lele. Hoʻokumu nā pepeke i nā maka no ka meaʻai a me ke ola mai nā ʻenemi. ʻO ka ʻōpala a me ke poʻo e hōʻike ʻia ana e kahi lāʻau ʻokiʻoki. Ua uhi ʻia ko lākou wahi me ka polima nāleʻele. No ka lele, ua hoʻohana ʻia kekahi o nā ʻāpana mākeke. Kūpono ka wāwae a ʻākala, ʻeleʻele.

Hoʻopili maikaʻi i nā mea hihiu

ʻAʻole maopopo ka poʻe a pau i ka lele ʻana o ka hale no ka ʻaʻe ʻole, no ka mea, ʻaʻole i kūpono ʻia ko lākou waha ʻōlelo. Ua palupalu nui ka proboscis o kēia mau holoholona ʻelua ʻehā ma ke komo ʻana i nā ʻili a ke kanaka, a manaʻo ʻia no ka hānai ʻana i ka wai a me ka pulp o nā hua, a me nā ʻano ʻano palaʻai ʻole. Nā kumulāʻau ʻano ʻokoʻa ʻē aʻe, hoʻokū ʻia ma ʻAukake-Kepakemapa

Nā ʻāpana uila

I mea e hoʻoholo ai ʻo wai nāu e lele a ʻaʻole ia, e kōkua ke helehelena. ʻO nā kukui (lat. Stomoxys calcitrans) he like like me ka lele ʻana o ka hale, akā ua pālahalaha ʻia ko lākou mau ʻēheu ʻaʻole ma kahi o ke kino. ʻIke ʻia nā ʻōlapaʻeleʻele ma hope o kēia mau mea hihiu, kahi e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke hoʻoholo i kahi lele pōkō. ʻO ka wili o ka proboscis he bristles e hiki ke kāʻei i ka ʻili o kekahi kanaka a holoholona paha.

I ka wā e hōʻoki ʻia ai ka manawa, ke noho nei ma nā wahi kahi he nui o nā iniseti, hoʻohana i nā mea pale

Noho ke kaheʻe liʻiliʻi ma nā wahi hānai, ma nā kahu pipi a mea ʻole paha i loko o nā hale ʻai kahi e hiki ai ke ʻai i ke koko o nā holoholona. I ka manure a overripe mauʻu, ka mea kaʻi e hoʻomohala i nā hua. Hānai maoli ʻo ia i ke koko ma nā waihona he nui, hiki ke mālama ʻia iā ia ma luna o ka paona momona.

ʻO ka haehae lele e hōʻā ai i ka ʻeha. ʻO kēia nō ka hopena o ka lepa ʻaʻole i pili wale i ka ʻili i ka ʻili o ke koko, akā ke kahakaha nei i ka ʻona, ʻaʻole e ʻae i ke koko e ʻaʻā. ʻO ia ka mea e kumu ai ka puhi ʻana, a ʻo ia e laha ana ma ke kino, e alakaʻi i ka huhū a me ka ʻāʻī. ʻO kahi hopena alerio me ke kūpaʻa a me ka maʻi ninaninau i kekahi manawa. Kau ka kāne a me ka wahine. Mai nā hōʻeha ʻeha i kahi wā o kahi lawaiʻa, hele mai ka inoa ʻo "Zhigalka".

ʻO ka pōkole mai kahi hua manu a i ka pākeke mai 3 wiki a 2 mau mahina. I kona wā e ola ai, mālama ka wahine i nā kākoki o 5-7 mau mea. I ka wā mahana, hiki i kekahi mau hanauna o kahi leli, no laila e ka wā lohi ka nui o ka nui o kēia mau bloodsuckers.

No ka hoʻomohalaʻana i nā ululāʻau, ʻaʻole e hāʻule ka pāhana o ke kai ma lalo o + 35 ° C, no laila, koho ka wahine no ka masonry i nā wahi wela loa i ka mauʻu a me ka humus, a i kekahi manawa e lohi i ka huaʻai i nā ʻeha holoholona. Inā hāʻule ka pākū i ke anuanu i ka + 10 ° C a i lalo, ua hina ka lele i kēlā me kēia manawa, he hua ia, he pāva a he pākeke paha.

Hiki i nā Flies ke waiho i kahi nui o nā hua. ʻO kahi mea koʻikoʻi kiʻekiʻe ma kahi wahi he huahana huahana

I ka loaʻaʻana o ke kua ma waho, e hoʻomaka nā māmā e ʻimi i kahi maluhia i ka hale, ʻo ia ke kumu e pehu ai i nā hāʻule i ka hāʻule. I kēia manawa, hoʻonui nui kā lākou mau helu. Ma waho o nā kumu wai e pono ai, hoʻomaka lākou e hōʻeha i nā kānaka. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa maikaʻi loa nā pōpoki no nā pēpē, nā mea maʻi a me nā elemakule, no ka mea hiki ʻole iā lākou ke hoʻokuke aku i nā pepeke.

ʻO nā ʻano ʻē aʻe o nā lele

ʻO kekahi ʻano ʻano ʻē aʻe o ka lele ʻana i nā pua. (Lat. Tabanidae). ʻOi aku ka nui a i ʻole ka lepili maʻamau, hiki i kona lōʻihi ke hiki i 3 cm.ʻO ka ʻōpū o ka inika e hoʻopuni ʻia e nā ʻōpala-ʻulaʻula, ma kahi maʻalahi e hoʻomaopopo. Noho ia ma kahi kokoke i nā kula a me nā kaila. ʻO ke inoa ma muli o ka noke i kahi o kahi lawaiʻa i lilo ʻole mai ka pua, me he mea lā he makapō.

He ʻeha loa kā lākou no ka poʻe

ʻO nā honi wahine wale nō ka hānai i ke koko no ka hānau hou ʻana i nā hua. Hiki iā lākou ke huki i ka 200 mg o ke koko i ka manawa. Hiki ke kapa ʻia nā males he mau mea kanu, no ka mea ʻai wale lākou i ka nectar kanu.

Hāpai ʻo Moshkara e kūʻē me kahi mālaʻo ka mea e hōʻeha ai, a me ka hopena alia a me ka hōʻino nui ʻana. Ua lele kēia mau lele i ʻAukake. Hoʻokomo ka ʻōpī i kā lākou hua i loko o nā hale kō, kahi e ʻike ʻia ai kā lākou mau pua. ʻO nā wahine wahine wale nō ka ʻai ʻana i ke koko no ka hoʻohālikelike. He pōkole kā lākou proboscis, no laila ke koho nei lākou i kahi no kahi e kuʻekuʻe, kahi maʻa ai ke kino - ʻūhā limahana, ihu, nā maka.

ʻO ka pahuhopu nui o ka gadfly ka holoholona. No kahi ola pōkole i ka wā pākeke, ʻōpiopio nā wahine i nā hua ma lalo o ka ʻili o ko lākou mau mea i manaʻo ʻia. Ke hoʻokuʻi nei ka ʻōhule, i mea hōʻeha ai i ka holoholona. Hoʻokele iki nā Gadflies i nā kānaka, akā inā e kū mau ana kēia, hiki i ke kanaka ke hana i ka edema. A laila pono ʻoe e ʻimi pono i kahi kōkua.

ʻO ka lele kai weliweli loa e pili ana i ka manawa ma Afrika. Ua loaʻa iā ia ka maʻi i kapa ʻia ʻia, he mau ʻumi tausani o nā kānaka e ʻeha nei i kēlā me kēia makahiki. ʻAʻole hiki ke aneʻi ka maʻi, a ʻo ka hapa nui o nā maʻi i make.

ʻAʻole lele ka lele a me nā holoholona. ʻAʻole ʻoe:

1. Ke lele a ʻōmaʻomaʻo, a i ke kāula paha, me ke ʻano he nani maikaʻi loa ma ke kino. He ʻāʻeha ʻo ia, ʻaʻole naʻe he hoʻoweliweli i nā kānaka.
2. Nā kolikāi. He kū like i waho like me nā wasps, i nā ʻēheu anuanu a me nā pāwī melemele i loko o ka ʻōpū.

Hoʻopilikia ka pōpilikia

Hoʻopili i nā mea i loaʻa i ka ʻuʻī, lele ka noho ma luna o nā wahi lepo a me ka lepo, hiki ke hoʻopā i nā holoholona maʻi a ʻai nō hoʻi i ka ʻōpala inā ʻaʻohe kumu o ke koko hou.

Hiki i ka nui o nā maʻi i lawe ʻia e nā iniseti hiki ke make

Ma muli o kēia, lilo lākou i poʻe hānai i nā maʻi weliweli loa:

• anhix,
• tularemia,
• Hihapai
• sepsis
• polio
• piʻi
• ʻāleʻa.

ʻO ke kōkua mua

Ma ka pūnaewele o ka huʻu, ʻike ʻia ka ʻulaʻula me ka edema, i waenakonu kahi i ʻike ʻia kahi ʻala me ke koko i hoʻokaʻawa ʻia, ʻeha nā mea honi. Me nā hoʻopiʻi kūlohelohe, haunaele, huhū, ka luaʻi, kaʻeleʻele i nā maka, a hiki i ka anaphylactic shock hiki.

ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona o ka kahiʻu kahi, ʻulaʻula ma ka ʻili a me ka ʻeha. Aia kahi hoʻohālikelike o ka pīhoihoi anaphylactic.

Ma hope o kahi pīhoihoi, pono ʻoe e holoi i ka ʻeha me ka wai me ka wai a me ka hydrogen peroxide, a laila e mālama me ka iodine. E hōʻoluʻolu i ke kahe ʻana a me ka ʻeha, hiki iā ʻoe ke kau i nā ʻili hau. E like me ke kānāwai, ke lā aʻe e hoʻomaka ka hōʻeha ʻana. Inā ʻaʻole e hele ka luhi, a i ʻole ke ʻano o ko olakino olakino, pono ʻoe e ʻōlelo aku i kahi kauka.

Nā hana kūpono

ʻ usedlelo ʻia nā ʻupena keu e pale i nā lele mai ka komo ʻana i ka home. Inā komo nā mea ʻino i ka hale, e kōkua ana i nā paila pale e kōkua ke hoʻopau iā lākou. ^ E Ha yM. I ka wehe ʻana o ke ea, hiki i nā lole ʻaina me nā lima lōʻihi a me nā repellents e kōkua i kahi kanaka e pale iā lākou iho mai nā mea hōʻeha maikaʻi.

ʻO nā pīpī ka nui o ka pilikia a hiki i kekahi manawa ke lilo i ka pilikia.
E hoʻohana i nā mea pale lae i kau ʻia ma luna.

Ma nā mahiʻai, hoʻohana ʻia nā mea inikini ke kaʻina nui i nā keʻena holoholona a me nā puʻu lepo. Me kēia ʻano hoʻokele, make ka poʻe pālua a me nā palolo. I loko o nā māla nui, e aʻo ʻia e kōkua i nā mea inikua predator e hānai ana i nā pōpoki a me kā lākou puna. He ala maikaʻi loa kēia e hoʻoponopono ai me nā lele, e hoʻoneʻe ana i kā lākou poʻe kānaka.

A no laila ke aha e nahu ai nā pōpoki inā hāʻule i ka hāʻule

1. Ma ka oohi, hiki i ka nui o nā lele i ke kūlohelohe ke kiʻekiʻe, no ka mea i ke kauwela, i nā kūlana maikaʻi, hoʻokipa lākou i ka hoʻouka, no ka mea, ʻo kēlā me kēia wahine e lawe ana ma kahi o 400 mau huaʻai i loko o kona ola.

2. ʻAʻole makemake nā kukui uila i ka anuanu, no laila, i ka hāʻule hāʻule lākou e ʻimi i nā wahi mahana, ʻo ia kekahi o kahi e noho ai.

3. ka makeke ka nui o ka pono o ka protein i ka wā o ka hāʻule, he mea pono no ke ola i ka manawa, a he mea hoʻi e mālama ai no ka hoʻoilo, no laila, i ka puna, ma hope o ka hānau ʻana, e hoʻohua i kāna hua.

4. Ua lele ka lele i ka anu a ua hoʻomākaukau i nā kūlana e hoʻopalapula ai i ke ola a me ka hana hou o ka inikona, no laila hiki ke huli ʻia ka hana i kēia mau mea pani koko.

A he aha kou kumu no ke kumu e lele ai ka lele i ka hāʻule?

ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona hiʻona o nā pōʻai lele

ʻO nā Flies nā pipi i hoʻohelena ʻia a puni ka honua. I kēia manawa, ʻike ʻia 5000 mau ʻano o kā lākou mau ʻano. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ka nui i nā hua kanu, nāu nā hua, a me nā meaola ʻē aʻe, nā palaka, manure. Hoʻokahi wale ʻia hapa o kēia mau mea hihiu. Hiki i nā lele koko ke kū i ke kanaka a me nā holoholona. ʻO nā mea maʻamau o lākou he mau lele lele.

ʻO ke ʻano a me nā hiʻohiʻona biology, he like like nā kukui me nā lele o ka hale, ʻo ia ke kumu i manaʻoʻiʻo ai ua ʻā nā hale. ʻO kēia nā pepeke kala hina 5-7 mm lōʻihi. ʻO ka ʻokoʻa nui mai nā holoholona hihiu ʻole o ka lele ʻana i ke ʻano o nā proboscis. ʻAʻole hiki i nā lele lele ke hakahaka i kahi kanaka a holoholona paha, no ka mea palupalu ko lākou proboscis a ʻaʻole hiki ke kākā i ka ʻili. Hoʻopili ʻia nā proboscis o nā mālamalama a "kaua ʻia" me nā pā chitinous paʻakikī, me ke kōkua o ia e ʻoki ai i ka ʻili o ka mea pepehi. ʻO nā wahine a me nā kāne o kēia mau mea hihiu e hānai i ke koko (a no laila e hoʻopu). ʻO ka hapa nui o kā lākou mau poʻe make, he mau holoholona a he mau kānaka wale nō. Hoʻokomo i ka proboscis ma lalo o ka ʻili, lele ka wahine ma ka hakahaka o ka hakahaka i loko o ka ʻeha, no laila ko lākou ʻuʻuku e hōʻeha i ka ʻeha a me ka ʻeha.

I ke kauwela, loaʻa nā kukui me nā helu he nui i nā wahi e hōʻuluʻulu ai i nā holoholona o nā holoholona - ma nā wahi hānai a me nā mahiʻai, kahi lākou i nā kūlana āpau no ka meaʻai a me ka hoʻohua. I kona wā e ola ana, hānai aku hoʻokahi wahine i nā hua he 400 o ke keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo i loko o ka manure a ʻoki poina nā mea kanu lāʻau, a i kekahi manawa i nā ʻeha holoholona. Puka mai nā huaāmū mai nā hua hua ma hope o nā lā 1-5, e pili ana i ke ʻano ambient. I ke ʻano o ka larval, e noho mau ana ka lele ma kahi he he 2 mau pule, a ma hope he ʻano pupa. Ma hope o kekahi mau lā 7-26, ua hānau ʻia nā mea ʻōpio ʻōpiopio i hiki ke waiho i nā hua no nā lā 10-15. No laila, ʻo ka neʻe ʻana o ka lele mai kahi hua manu mai kahi huaʻai i puka mai kahi pōʻino mai ke kolu a ʻekolu paha mau pule. I loko o nā mahina hoʻomohala, he mau manawa o ka uila e hele i waho, e hoʻonui wikiwiki nei i ko lākou mau helu. I ka wā e pono ai, ua loaʻa ka hapa nui loa o nā poʻe.

ʻO ka mīkini ka hoʻokele ʻana o nā lele lele nā ​​mea maʻalahi a maikaʻi loa, akā, hikiʻole

ʻĀina Proboscis

Hiki i ka pana i ka ʻili o nā holoholona, ​​loaʻa i nā kukui nā proboscis me nā papa kūikawā. Mānoʻa ka ʻōpala, ʻilihune a lōʻihi, lōʻihi ke kū hou aʻe i mua. Hoʻopau ia me nā papa waiʻi kūikawā i hoʻopaʻa ʻia me nā niho chitinous. I ka wā o ka hoʻouka ʻana i ka holoholona, ​​neʻe ka papa, a me kahi nui o nā niho e uhaʻi i ka papaki o ka ʻili. ʻEleʻeleʻele kala kala me ka wai haʻahaʻa.

ʻAiʻi

I ke ʻano o ka papale, he melemele ke keʻokeʻo nā keiki o ka mea māmā. I nā makahiki mua he maʻa mau lākou, ʻo ka lōʻihi o ke kino elongated kūpono e 1.2 mm. I ke kolu o ka makahiki ua ulu lākou i 11-12 mm. Aia ke kino o 8 mau ʻāpana. Aia ke apo o nā kīpē liʻiliʻi ma ka umauma. Ma nā ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū mai ka lua a i ka ʻehiku he mau pua wīwī. ʻO ka hoʻonā ʻana ma ka māhele ʻewalu. Loaʻa ka larva i nā wāwae, neʻe ia me ke kōkua o nā puna a me nā pā.

Nā ʻmplelo a me ka Therapy

Hōʻike ikaika nā Flies iā lākou iho i ka wā e hōʻiliʻili ai ka meli ma ka meli. I hiki ʻole e hoʻokuʻi i ka ʻuʻā o kēia pepeke me kahi pi, pono ia e ʻike i nā ʻike a me ka hōʻike. ^ E Ha yM. E pili ana kēia:

• Hoʻonui i ke kūloko.
• Māmā iki ʻaʻano.
• ʻO ka hoʻohālikelike a me ka minamina.
• ʻO kaʻulaʻula o ka wahi i hoʻopilikia ʻia.

I loko o kahi keiki, ʻike ʻia nā hōʻike: ʻoi aku ka nui o nā ʻalā a me ke ʻulaʻula. Ke pōʻai ʻia kahi tsetse e pili ana, e ʻike paha nā moʻo.

ʻO nā maʻi ʻehaʻeha loa he mea ʻeha loa. Inā pili ka lele i ka pākīkē a i ʻole ka ʻōpū, loaʻa kahi hana maʻi. Mai kēia, hiki ke loli nui ka nohona maʻamau o ke kanaka a me ka malaise, me ka ʻīwili ʻana o nā ʻalā palupalu.

He mea kūpono e mālama i nā hōʻeha me kahi antiseptic: iodine a i ʻole zelenka, inu wai. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o nā pēpē e hoʻoʻeha i ka pōʻino me nā mea hana ʻole i nā waiʻona: hydrogen peroxide a chlorhexidine paha. E hōʻemi i ka hōʻike ʻana o nā hopena kūloko, e hoʻohana ʻia nā meaʻaila me kahi hoʻomehana ʻoluʻolu a me ka hoʻomaha. I mea e ʻole ai e hoʻomohala i kahi hopena kūlohelohe, pono e hāʻawi iā "Diazolin" a i ʻole "Zodak" i nā hāʻule.

Aia ka hopena ʻeha o ka ʻaelike hiamoe ʻana i ka ʻāʻā o ka lele Tsetse. ʻO ka pepeke, me ka lawaiʻa, huna ʻia ka nui o 400 tausani mau ʻōlau. No kahi hopena momona, ʻo kahi pōkole hoʻokahi wale nō. Akā ma muli o ka hoʻomohala wikiwiki ʻana o ka maʻi, hiki i ka manawa no ka wikiwiki, e hoʻopau ai i ka pilikia i ke ola. I ka mua, pono ʻoe e hoʻohana i ka Nifurtimox a me Eflornithine. Inā ʻaʻole i kū iki ka hopena i ka maʻi, hiki iā ʻoe ke mālama i ka pōloli ma ka home.

Hiki i ka hyperemia a me nā paniʻana ke hoʻomohala mai nā ʻano maʻalahi o nā pepeke. Ke huikala ʻia ka wahi i hoʻopōʻino ʻia, pono ia e hōʻoluʻolu i kahi a e mālama i ka mālama ʻana me nā lāʻau antiseptic. Hōʻike ʻia nō hoʻi e noi i ka gel-like poni Fenistil a i ʻole Nezulin ma kēia wahi. I mea e hōʻino ʻole ai i ke keiki, e kūkākūkā me ka mea maʻi. ^ E Ha yM. I kēia kūlana, "Ka Hoʻōho" a me "Bepanten" he mau mea kōkua hiki ʻole.

Nā hiʻohiʻona hoʻonui

He ʻokoʻa nā kāne ʻo ka wahine a me ka wahine o ka lika ma mua o ke kinipōpō a me ka lae. Loaʻa kahi males ʻili liʻiliʻi, e helu ana no 2/3 o ka laulā o nā maka. Loaʻa i ka wahine kekahi ākea ākea, aneane like me ka nui o ka maka. ʻO nā flies nā pepeke me kahi loli piha. ʻO ko lākou ola ola he 5-20 lā wale nō. ʻO 2-3 lā ma hope o ka haʻalele ʻana i ka pupa, ua mākaukau nā poʻeʻelemakule no ka moe a me ka hānau ʻana. No ka waiho ʻana i nā hua manu, koho nā wahine i nā wahi kahi e pau ai nā mea kūlohelohe - manure, nā mea hoʻohuihui.

Ma kahi pākuhi mai kahi 100 a 130 mau hua keʻokeʻo o kahi ʻano elongated. I ka wā e ola nei, hana i hoʻokahi wahine i mau kauaka 5-7. Ma mua o ka ʻike ʻana o ka larva, 10-24 mau hola o ka hala. I ka wā hoʻomohala, hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ʻelua a hoʻololi i ʻekolu mau makahiki. Ma ke ana wela no nā lele (+ 27-30 ° C) ma hope o 4-5 mau lā, e huli ka larva i loko o kahi pupa. ʻO ka uhi o ke kolu o ka makahiki e hoʻopaʻa ʻana a loaʻa i kahi kala-ʻulaʻula. ʻO waho, like ka pupa me kahi capsule, ʻo kona lōʻihi a hiki i 6 mm. Ma ka pūnaewele o ke poʻo, kahi laha liʻiliʻi. Aia nā mea hanu ma ka palena o ka māhele mua a me ka lua.ʻO ka wela, nā pae āpau mai ka hua a i ka mea e pā ana ka lika ma kahi he 6 lā.

Ma mua o ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana, neʻe ka larvae i ka manure me kahi ka wai haʻalulu ʻaʻole iʻoi aʻe ma mua o 20-40%. Kuhi ʻia ka paona kiʻekiʻe loa ma kahi wahi me kahi mahana o + 25 °. Hiki i ka pupa ke hohonu ma kahi o 50 cm. ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe a me ka haʻahaʻa e hoʻopilikia i kona kūlana. Hoʻokele ka hoʻomohala ʻana o Pupa i kahi mau lā 4-7 mau lā; e puka mai ana kahi lele mai loko mai o ka niu.

Hoʻomanaʻo ʻAe make nā lōpelo līkē i ka mahana o + 52 ° C.

Nā hopena a me nā hopena

Ke kūu nei kēia mau ʻohu ʻelua mau ʻēheu ʻelua i ka hāʻule, ʻaʻohe hopohopo pili ʻole, no ka mea me nā pulu mua e lele a lākou e lele. Akā hiki i nā haki nui ke hoʻonāukiuki i ka hiki ʻana o nā maʻi ʻili a me nā maʻi pā. Akā me ke nalowale o ka lele ʻo Tsetse, hiki i nā hopena ke hiki mai i nā hebedoma a hala paha mau mahina ma hope o ke komo ʻana i ka kumu kumu o ka maʻi i ke kino.

Hiki i ka maʻi ke hoʻomohala ma mua o 5 mau makahiki. Ke loaʻa nei nā maʻi he trypanosomes, hele mai kahi wā hematolymphatic, i ka wā e nānā ai ka maʻi.

ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo e loaʻa ana kahi hopena lethal e hōʻike ʻia e kahi wahi kaumaha, ka haʻalulu o nā wāwae a me ka ataxic gait. Ma hope o kēia, hiki i ka mea pepehi ke hāʻule i loko o kahi coma.

Ke noho maʻamau

ʻO nā hua o nā manu Stomoxys mau ka 18 o nā ʻano o nā ectoparasites o nā holoholona. ʻO Autumn lighter Stomoxyscalcitrans wale nō ka mea i loaʻa i nā wahi a pau a he synanthropic. Ua kapa ʻia nā pepeke ʻōlima o nā inika no ke aloha no ka holoholona. E koho ʻo Flies i kahi o nā wahi e noho ai no nā bipi - nā bipi, nā wahi hānai. Hoʻomaopopo ʻia nā ʻōpala nui o nā ʻāpana o ke kla ma nā wahi mālamalama. Kau lākou e noho ana ma nā paia o ka hoe, nā lāʻau, nā ʻāina. Hōʻike wale ʻia ka hana Diptera ma ke ao.

I ka hopena o ke kauwela, e hoʻonui pinepine ka heluna o ka lele i ka wā make. I ka wā mahana, hoʻokele ʻia ka pehu ma lalo o ʻehiku mau hanauna o kahi pepeke pōʻino. Holo ka hoʻokūkū no nā ikaika kai e makaʻala i nā wahi hou. I loko o kēia manawa, ʻike pinepine lākou ma hope o nā kānaka, lele i loko o ka hale. Hoʻolima i nā ʻano thermophilic, pau lākou i ka hana ma ke ana wela o + 8 ° C. Haʻalele lākou no ka hoʻoilo i kahi manawa - larva, pupa, a me ka imago. I nā kūlana kūpono, i kahi mahana wela loa o + 15 ° C, e hoʻomau ka hana hoʻomohala ʻole me ke kina ʻole.

Mea ʻai

No ke ola, pono nā mea hihiu e ʻai i kēlā me kēia lā 2-3. Hōʻalo ʻia ke koko he 15 mau minuke. Ma ka manawa like, ua hoʻopili nui ka ʻōpū o ka lele, e lilo ana ia i kaumaha, neʻe me ka paʻakikī. Makemake nā kukui e hānai i ke kakahiaka a me ke ahiahi, i ke anuanu - e kokoke kokoke i ke awakea. I ka hoʻohālikelike, e lohi nā ka nui o nā iniseti a ʻai mau lākou i ka liʻiliʻi, hiki i ka pōloli a hiki i ka 10 lā.

ʻIkepili. I nā holoholona nui, hōʻiliʻili ʻia nā kukui ma nā wāwae a me ka ʻōpū. Hohiki ʻia ke koko o ka ʻīlio e noho ana ma nā wahi pepeiao. People kuʻekuʻe e nā wāwae a me nā ʻolima.

Nā hana kūpono

I kēia mau makahiki i hala iho nei, ua hōʻemi nui ka maʻi me ka maʻi hiamoe. ʻO kēia ma muli o nā kaʻina pale maikaʻi loa. Mālama ka poʻe i ka haʻalele ʻana i ka nui e hiki ai i kēlā mau wahi kahi e noho ai kēia ʻano mea lele: nā ʻāpana a me nā nāhele lāʻau ʻala.

Ma ka hihia inā loaʻa kahi lele e lele nei i ka lumi noho, mea pono ia e hoʻohana i nā repellers i loaʻa ka hopena i ka poʻe o kēlā me kēia ʻano. Eia nō hoʻi, mai ka popo ʻana o ka lele ʻo Tsetse, ʻo ke kaʻina hana e hoʻohana nei me ka permethrin i kōkua maikaʻi. Akā hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻokuke aku i nā pepeke na noho i ka lumi ola a me ke kōkua o nā ʻano hōʻoia i hiki ke loaʻa i nā poʻe a pau: he huikawa waina a i ʻole winika.

Hoʻoikaika ʻia lākou iho:

• Kāwili paʻa.
• Mālama māmā.
• ʻO nā aila waiwai me nā momona o ka lavender, ke aniani a i nā kālai paha.

Inā hoʻomaʻemaʻe pinepine ʻia nā hale i loko, e hoʻokaʻawale loa nā dipterans. ^ E Ha yM. Eʻoluʻolu lākou i kahi e hoʻomaʻemaʻe ai a me nā papahele, ʻaʻohe mau mea i koe a me nā meaʻai ʻē aʻe a lākou e ʻai ai.

I mea e pale ai i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o nā maʻi koʻikoʻi, kūpono ikaika ka hoʻouka ʻana ʻo ka lele ma ka liʻiliʻi a ma ka hale.

He aha ka pōʻino?

Nā waihona o ka hoʻomohala ʻana o nā lele.

ʻĀ, ke hoʻomaka nei mākou me ka hakakā o ka ʻuʻiha o kahi mea keʻakeʻa. Ma hope o nā mea a pau, ʻaʻohe kumu i loaʻa ai i kēia ʻano lele nā ​​inoa. I ka manawa o kahi neu, ke manaʻo nei kekahi kanaka i kahi ʻāʻī wela loa.

ʻAʻole kēia kahi mākaʻeha ʻinoʻino, ʻike ʻia kekahi manawa ma hope aku, ʻaʻole. ʻO nā mea eʻoi aku ka maikaʻi, e ʻōlelo, he nui hewahewa. ʻO ka makika ma hope o ka lele he mea waiwai pilikino paha i kāna mahina.

Eia kekahi, ʻo ia, he kahi hōʻeha hōʻeha me ka proboscis, ke lele-lighter, ke ʻole, e lawe mai i ka lawena i ka wahi e hoʻopili ʻia, a he hopena ia i ka pae o ka kuʻekuʻe.

Kahuhu

Ma kahi o ka ʻeha a me ka hoʻowalewale ma ka pae puncture, ʻo kēia mau mea ʻehā nā ʻēheu ʻelua, e like me nā lele āpau, he mau alaka pōkole o nā ʻano maʻi āpau.

Hiki i kekahi ke noʻonoʻo wale i nā manawa he nui i hoʻohana ʻia ai kēia pūlima i kāna mau mea kaua i ka manawa, a pehea ka pōpilikia o ka ʻāʻī o kēlā me kēia ʻano lehelehe i hiki ai i ke kanaka.

Ma waena o nā maʻi i hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia iā mākou e ka neʻe ʻana o ke ʻano ʻano poka koko, e hōʻike ana mākou i nā mea aʻe, ʻo ia hoʻi:

• typhoid
• sepsis
• anhix,
• piʻi
• ʻāleʻa
• polio
• trypanosomiasis.

A ʻaʻole kēia ka papa inoa piha o nā "hana manuahi" hiki i kēia manawaleʻa ke hāʻawi lima ʻole a me ka ʻole manuahi ka hāʻawi ʻana iā mākou.

Ka hoʻohālikelike

Hoʻopili ʻia ke koko o nā holoholona e nā kāne a me nā wahine. Ua kuʻi lākou i nā holoholona like ʻole:

Hele nā ​​mea ʻele i nā ʻīlio a me nā kānaka. Hoʻopilikia nui ʻia nā pōpoki me ka hoʻouka ʻia ʻana o nā kahe koko. I ka wā hānai, e kahe aku ka iniseti i loko o ka hilo ʻana o nā kelima salivary. ʻO ka lawena kukui, ka mea i komo i ka proboscis mai i nā kahawai ʻelua, he mau mea huʻomanaʻo. Pono nā mea nona ka holoholona e nānā pinepine i nā holoholona e huki ana i ko lākou mau kuko, palupalu, poʻu i ke poʻo a i ʻole ʻoi. Ma hope o ka hoʻopili ʻana, hōʻeha nā lio a kahe i ko lākou mau kuli. He paʻakikī i nā holoholona ke kū. I nā bipi, hoʻemi ʻia ka hua waiū e 40-50%.

Hoʻomaʻamaʻa nā kānaka i ka ʻoi ʻana o kahi liki laula i nā ʻano like ʻole. ʻO kekahi, he inikini pōkole wale nō kēia, ʻo kekahi i nā mea e hōʻeha ai i nā ʻeha hoʻokeo kino no ka manawa lōʻihi. ʻO nā mea hoʻonāukiuki a me nā mea hōʻeha wale ʻaʻole ia ka pōʻino mai ka lele. He nui nā maʻi pepeke pili koko. I ka wā e hoʻihoʻi ai, komo nā pathogens i nā maʻi weliweli i loko o ke koko: sepsis, tularemia, anthrax, tuberculosis.

Hoʻomanaʻo I ka wā e hoʻokaki aku i nā holoholona me kahi nui o nā kukui kukui, e emi ana ka momona. ʻO ka huhū mau a me ka hōʻeha ʻole ka hopena i ke olakino.

Nawai i ʻeha?

ʻAʻole mākou e hūnā i loko o nā hopena kino e hiki ke kino ʻia e pili ana i nā mea ʻino, e like me nā lele, he nui nā mea hoʻoneʻe. ʻAʻole mākou e noho ma nā ʻano ʻē aʻe e like me ka lele he tsetse a he Siberian heinous paha, akā e kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i kēlā me kēia o mākou, ʻo ka ʻāina, e ʻōlelo paha kekahi, nā ʻano o ka lele a, gugur māmā

Leka wāle: wehewehe.

ʻO ka pīpī lohi he pepeke mai ka ʻohana o nā lele maoli. ʻO waho, lele nā ​​kahe lūlū ma mua o nā mea'ē aʻe, ka lele like o ka lumi like ʻole. He liʻiliʻi hoʻi ka nui, a lōʻihi hoʻi i ka lōʻihi o ka maʻamau ma mua o 5-8 mm. He pāpaʻi hina hina ia me ka wahi thoracic anuʻu i ka anuanu a me kahi ʻōpū ʻāwīwīwī iki, a hiki ke ʻike ʻoe i nā blotches ʻeleʻele.

ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona nui o kēia mau mea hihiu ke ʻano o kā lākou predatory ʻano. ʻO kēia he koko koko e like me nā kao mai a i ʻole nā ​​pahu vampire. ʻO kā lākou hāmeʻa waha e loaʻa ke ʻano o ka proboscis, e ʻae i kēia mau lawsuckers e piʻi i ka ʻili o nā holoholona mahana a hoʻokaʻaka i ke koko e lilo ai i wahi ʻai no kēia poʻe predator.

ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau lāʻau maikaʻi

ʻO kahi lāʻau lapaʻau kuʻuna kahi mamao loa i ka mea hana pono wale nō i hoʻolālā ʻia e hakakā i nā pahuhopu midges. Inā ʻaʻohe hōʻike alia, no ka mea pili ke kaʻina hana, ua hoʻohana ʻia nā lāʻau lapaʻau like ʻole, hiki iā ia ke pale i kahi maʻi alerine a kāpae i ka puhi ʻana.

ʻO ka wai kanu i ka lau i paʻu mua ʻia,

lau ʻele palupalu, maikaʻi "ʻōpio",

Polī i hana ʻia mai ka lau kāpeti lau

poʻo ʻala

uila aila aila.

No ka hōʻoia i ka pale ʻana, ʻoi aku hoʻi i ka pō, ʻoi ʻia ʻo ia e hoʻohana i nā mea ʻala me nā mea alala i ʻōlelo ʻia, a ʻaʻole hoʻi e komo hoʻi i nā lole māmā. Ma nā puka aniani pono ʻoe e hoʻopili i kahi ʻupepa.

Hoʻaiho

ʻO ka punawai nui o ka meaʻai no nā kukui he holoholona. Hoʻokumu nā ʻōkuhi kerbs i ka manure holoholona. No laila, ʻo ka hana maʻamau o ka lele wahine ʻo nā ʻano holoholona. ʻO ka ʻike pinepine ʻia o nā holoholona ma ke kahua like me kahi hale noho, hiki i nā ʻeneki ke lele i loko o nā hale i kahi a lākou e hoʻouka ai i kekahi.

Ma muli o ka hoʻohui i nā wahi kanaka, ua loaʻa iā ia ka inoa hou o "lele lele kai." ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻohe ʻano o kēia ʻano. ʻO kēia ka inoa o kekahi ʻano synanthropic o nā dipterans, i mālama ʻia i kahi kokoke i nā kauhale a me nā kauhale.