Mai ka inoa he maopopo loa ua ʻokiʻoki ka nahesa, ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o nā pākeke ma mua o 40-50 cm.ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke poʻo ʻo 40% ka nui o ka loa o ke kino.

Kālepa mai ka ʻeleʻeleʻeleʻele a ʻeleʻele me kahi kikoʻi o nā pōkole pōkole 30-45. ʻEleʻele ka ʻōpū i nā kala me nā kiʻi ʻulaʻula nui. Ma ke poʻo paha kahi ʻeleʻele melemele i loko o nā wahi kino a me ka parietal.

ʻOviparous, hiki i ka papa ʻaina a hiki i 8 mau hua.

I waho, he like like ia me nā kaikunā ʻawaʻawa - nā nailei coral.

ʻO ka pākuʻi a me ka noho

ʻIke ʻia ʻo Erythrolamprus breviceps i nā ululāʻau o ke kuhina nui ʻo Amazon ma ke kahakai ʻo Kolombia, hikina ʻo Venezuela, Guyana, Suriname, French Guiana, ʻ ,kana Ekuador, ma kahawai Peru, ʻĀpana Brazil a me Bolivia.

Noho ka ʻona i nā ʻona a me nā subtropical hikina, ma ka palena kiʻekiʻe, e hoʻomaka ana ma kahi o ke kai a i ka kiʻekiʻe o 500 m.
ʻO ka ʻokiahi ka ʻāina, akā maikaʻi holo maikaʻi. Hoʻohana nui ia ma ka honua lepo, millipedes, baki a me nā iʻa liʻiliʻi.

Hōʻailona o ka nahesa maka.

He nahe ʻoa a ka ʻūhā ʻōpiopio i loaʻa i ka wai a me ka neʻe nūhi i nā wai me nā mea kanu he nui, e like me nā ʻōpū a me nā kahawai. Hele pinepine ʻia i loko o nā wai wai, kahi e ulu ai ka hika wai. Nui ka nui o nā nahesa e noho ana i waena o nā ʻomo a me nā ʻōpala mānoanoa mai ka wai e holo ai, kahi i hoʻopiha piha ai ko lākou mau kino a ma luna o ka wai. Hoʻomoʻa ka ʻūkū wai i ka crayfish me ka nui o nā mea kanu pala.

Eia kekahi, hāʻawi nā mea kanu aku i ka wai no ka nāhelehele maiʻahele. ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o nā nahesa i loko o ia mau mea hoʻopiʻi e pili ana me ka wai me ka wai kūʻai a me kahi haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o ka calcium i hoʻopau ʻia. Ua kaupalena kēia mau kūlana i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o kahi exoskeleton weliweli o nā crustaceans e hānai nei nā reptiles. Hāpai nā nāhelehele ʻona i loko o nā puʻu crayfish i ka wā maloʻo a me ka wā e maloʻo ai, aia hoʻi i loko o nā wai kai i uhi ʻia e ka lāʻau kai.

Nā hōʻailona kūwaho o kahi nahe ʻāua neʻe.

He kino ʻeleʻele-ʻeleʻele ka palahalaha manuahi, ma ka ʻaoʻao dorsal o nā ʻāpana hemo i ka lōʻihi o ka lōʻihi o ka lōʻihi. He melemele ka ʻōpū, me nā lālani ventral he mau ʻāpana ma waenakonu. Kēia ʻano like ʻole nā ​​manu o ka ʻuʻina manuahi me nā manu ʻē aʻe o ke kaʻina kaulike, me ka ʻalo ʻole i nā unahi ʻona i nā kāne, aia ma ke kua o ka huelo a ka cloaca.

O ka ʻuʻaka manu ʻōkaka i liʻiliʻi ka liʻiliʻi ma ka ʻiʻo Regina. ʻO ka poʻe keu ke lōʻihi aku ma mua o 28.0 cm i manaʻo ʻia he pākeke. Ke ulu mai nei nā pōpoki makua mai 30.0 a 55.0 cm, a ʻo kā lākou paona awela he 45.1 kāpela. ʻO ka hapa nui ka nui o ke kino o 50.7 a me 60.6 cm. ʻO nā paona ʻōpio'ōpiopio i ke kaupaona ʻana he 3.1 g me ka lōʻihi o ke kino he 13,3 mm, a ʻokoʻa ka ʻāpana mai nā pākeke.

ʻO nā ulana manuahi kīwī i loaʻa i nā loli morphological o ke ʻano o ka ʻōpū, i hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ko lākou ʻai kūikawā. ʻO ko lākou ʻōpala he ʻōpiopio paʻakikī o nā iwi a hōʻike i ka ʻike loea trophic o kēia ʻano. ʻAno nā heihei ʻona e hoʻopili i ka paʻu o ka palu; ʻAi lākou i ka hānai ʻana wale nō. He nui aku ka nui o nā kino ʻōpiopio ma mua o nā wahine.

ʻO ka hana hou ʻana i kahi nahe ʻapo ʻāwele.

Loaʻa i nā nahe ʻīlio polip i ka hōʻiliʻili wahine, akā he liʻiliʻi ka ʻike ma ka moena a me kaʻano o ka reptiles. Manaʻo ʻo Mating e hele i ke kō. He viviparous kēia ʻano. I loko o ka brood, aia mai ʻehā a hiki i ka ʻumikūmālua (akā ʻo ka mea pinepine) ʻeʻe he mau nahesa ʻōpio. Hōʻike lākou i ka wai ma waena o Iulai a me Kepakemapa. Ma hope o 2 mau makahiki, hāʻawi lākou i nā keiki me ka loa o ke kino o 30 cm. ʻAʻole i ʻike ʻia ka ola o nā kahe ʻōpala lepo.

ʻO ke ʻano o ka naheka ʻona i kālai ʻia.

ʻO nā nāhelehele ʻawaʻawa ʻoi nā palu e nānā i ka lā ma ka lā anuanu a noho ma ka malu a i lalo o ka wai i ka wā wela o nā lā.

ʻOi aku ka ikaika a me ka ʻimi nui i ka pūnāwai a me ke kauwela wela, i nā mahina hoʻoilo hoʻoilo ke lilo lākou i mea hana.

Loaʻa lākou i ka meaʻai i ka pō a ma nā hola twilight. Loaʻa ʻia nā Crayfish e ko lākou neʻe, me ka pīhoihoi haʻahaʻa, e hoʻoholo ana i ka wahi o ka mea i hoʻopiʻi ʻia. I ka hopena o ka hoʻoweliweli ʻana i ke ola, ua nū ʻia nā ʻōpio i ulaula i lalo o ka wai. ʻAʻole like me nā ʻano nui ʻē aʻe o ka ulu ʻana o Regina, luhi pinepine lākou. Eia nō naʻe, i nā hanana kūikawā, hoʻokuʻu i nā nahe ka ʻokiʻoki i ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana mai i ka cloaca. Hoʻokuʻu ʻia ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i nā mea ʻala kino i kekahi mau mamm predatory. I ka mua, hoʻoweliweli ka nahe e hoʻoweliweli i ka ʻenemi, e hāmama ana kona waha, e wili ana a me ke kani ʻana i kona kua. Hōʻike ʻia i ka hana pale me ke hoʻopuni ʻana i kahi kino wīwī i ka pōpō. I kēia hihia, hū ka ʻoki i kona poʻo i huli a hoʻoiho i ke kino mai nā ʻaoʻao.

Hānai i ka nahe makika ʻōmole.

ʻO nā ʻīlio manuahi kākuhi i hoʻopili ʻia. ʻAlaʻelemakule ka hānai ʻana i nā ʻōpala Procambarus. ʻAʻole i like nā ʻano like ʻē aʻe, ʻaʻole i makemake nā nāhelehele ʻawaʻawa i nā crustaceans i kekahi manawa o kā lākou molting; ua hana lākou i nā ʻano morphological no ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kēnē i hoʻopaʻa ʻia me ka chitin paʻakikī.

Ma kaʻaiʻai, ʻelua mau ʻano o nā kēpana e noho ana ma Florida - Procambarus fallax a me Procambarus alleni.

ʻO ka hui pū ʻana o ka meaʻai nā amphibians a me nā mea inikona, e like me nā pīpī, cicadas, isoptera, mauʻu me nā ʻalihi. ʻO nā nahe ʻōpiopio, ma mua o 20,0 cm ka lōʻihi, e hoʻopau i nā crustaceans decapod (ʻo nā mea ʻami maoli o ka ʻohana Palaemonidae), a ke ulu nei nā mea hou aku ma mua o 20,0 cm e wāwahi ʻia ai nā ʻōpio naga. Hoʻokumu ka ʻenehana i ka mea i ka wā o ka ʻai ma muli o ka nui o ka mea i pili me ka nahesa. Hoʻopili ʻia nā ʻōpū o Decapod me ka nui o ka mea i ʻai ʻia, ʻoiai ʻoi aku ka nui o nā ʻōpū mai ke poʻo, koe wale nō nā ʻuʻuku liʻiliʻi e ʻai ai nāu. Kūpono ka ʻōpū o nā ʻōpū o nā ʻuʻā i ka ʻōpū, e kau ana i ka nui me ka mahalo i ke ʻihi, a me ko lākou ʻāpana a me nā ʻano molting.

Ka hona ʻona o ka ʻāʻina o ka nahe ʻawa ʻawa.

Kīlī nāhelehele ʻoki ʻokiʻoki ma luna o nā ʻano he nui. Noho lākou he mea wānana kūʻokoʻa i loko o nā kaola hoʻokiwele aquatic a ke hana koʻikoʻi i ka mālama ʻana i ka houluola ecosystem. Hoʻopilikia lākou i ka nui o nā mea kalaka, aia ma nā wahi kahi i kiʻekiʻe ka nui o nā nahesa.

Ma nā kino wai ʻē aʻe, ʻaʻole i hana nā kahele ʻōpala i nā mana koʻikoʻi i ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka nui o nā pōʻai ʻai, ʻo ka make ka mea e loaʻa ai nā hopena maikaʻi ʻole, ʻoiai nā crustaceans, ka ʻaina detritus, ma ke ʻano he nui i loko o ke kōʻai aʻai i nā ʻōnaehana wai. ʻO nā nāhelehele ʻino loa i lilo i mea pio no nā mea hoʻolaha, nā manu, nā mommals a me nā crayfish wale nō. ʻAi maʻamau ʻo Crayfish i nā kau hou. Nā nahesa i ʻokiʻoki ʻia, nā mea ʻino, nā ʻōpū o ka muliwai, nā mea ʻona i nā nāhelehele makua.

Ke kūlana ʻona o ka nahe makika i uluhia ʻia.

Kūpī ʻia nā ʻōiwi manuahi e kū nei i kahi ākea ma waena o ka laulā. Ke emi nei ka nui o nā poʻe i South Florida ma muli o nā loli i ke kahe o nā wai wai o kekahi mau wai wai. E pili ana nā loli antropogen i nā wahi kūpono no ka noho ʻana o ka nahe palahalaha i ulana ʻia, ka mea nui ma ka luku ʻia ʻana o nā peku wai. Hoʻolā ʻia ka nahe ʻōmū ʻūlū ma ka papa inoa o ka IUCN me nā mea liʻiliʻi e hopohopo nei.

Inā loaʻa ʻoe i kahi hala, e koho i kahi ʻāpana a me ka paʻi Ctrl + Kākau.

ʻO nā ʻano nui

Nui nā ʻano pili e pili ana i nā nahesa. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia kēlā me kēia ʻano ʻano o kona mau ʻelele.

ʻO kēia mau huaʻehā lākou:

• kini
• Amur
• ʻokoʻa
• ʻālani ʻia
• ʻulaʻula
• ʻulaʻulaʻula
• pai kāhea
• leopū
• mokupuni
• Sarmatian
• ōmaʻomaʻo,
• 'ole-kala
• kiʻi ʻia,
• laina ʻehā,
• Kepanī,
• keʻokeʻo,
• piʻi e leopaka
• nochele Boulanger.

ʻO nā ʻōlio ka ʻike pinepine i ka ʻaoʻao hema o nā panalāʻau o ʻEulopa, ma ke kūkulu ʻākau o ʻAmelika, a ʻo ia hoʻi i nā ʻāina o ʻAsia.

ʻŌpū ʻokiʻoki (ʻoki i nā ʻīpī piʻokiʻu, a i ʻole nā ​​mea ʻumeʻoma ʻomaʻula paha)

ʻO ka manaʻo kaulana loa kēia ma waena o nā mea nona nā terrariums.

Ua noho aku kēia ʻelele ma kahi awelika a hiki i ka 10 mau makahiki, ma lalo o nā kūlana maikaʻi i hiki ai ke hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka makahiki he nui o 18 makahiki.

Noho ka ʻōlena ʻulaʻula ʻōkuhi ma hope o ʻAmelika Hikina a me ka hema o kona ʻāpana waena, a ma ke ʻĀkau o Mexico. Hiki i kēia holoholona ke hoʻolauna iā ia iho i nā wahi he nui: nā wao deciduous, nā pōhaku, nā pālahalaha, nā wahi nahele, nā ʻano mea i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i kona palekana.

Ma hope o ka hānau ʻana, a hiki i ka 4 mau mahina, makemake kēia ʻalī e ʻaʻe i ka ʻāina, ma hope e hoʻomaka ia e hoʻomōhala i nā kumulāʻau, nā lāʻau, nā puʻu pōhaku. ʻO kēia mau nāhelehele, e noho ana ma nā wahi me ke anuanu, ʻāmaʻomaʻo no ka hoʻoilo, aʻo nā lālā hema, ʻaʻole i hānau ka nahesa. Hoʻohana nui kēia mau holoholona i ka hoʻoilo i ka pō a ma mua o ke kakahiaka; i ka manawa wela, hoʻāʻo lākou e ʻuwale i waho o ko lākou home.

ʻO nā Rodents, nā amphibians liʻiliʻi a me nā reptile e lilo i pio no lākou, makemake nō lākou e ʻai i nā hua manu. I ka hoʻopio ʻia, maikaʻi lākou i ka maikaʻi, ʻoi aku ka nānā ʻana i nā lula o ka paʻa.

Kāleka

ʻO ka lōʻihi ka nui i hoʻopaʻa ʻia no ka ulu ʻana o kēia viper he 1,66 mika. ʻO 1,2 mika ka lōʻihi loa. Akā he mea maʻamau kēia no ka ʻāina nui. I nā mokupuni, ʻaʻole e paʻa ka nui o ia ʻano nui. Loaʻa i ke poʻo kahi ʻano ʻāpana ʻolu. Mamiki ka ʻōpū, nui ka ihu. Nui nā maka a nānā ʻia me nā ʻāpana gula. Loaʻa nā Fangs i ka lōʻihi o 1.6 cm i nā pīkī liʻiliʻi. Kākahi ka kino, paʻakikī ma luna ma muli o ke kua o nā unahi, maloʻo ma lalo nei. Hoʻopili ke ʻili. ʻO kona lōʻihi he 14% o ka lōʻihi o ke kino.

ʻO ka hiʻohiʻona ākea o ke kino he hina-brown, ʻeleʻele hoʻi, ʻulaʻula. Aia nā wahi polokaʻeleʻele ma ke kua a me nā ʻaoʻao. Ua hoʻopuni ʻia kēlā me kēia wahi i kahi aniani ʻeleʻele, ka palena waho e loaʻa ana i ka pali a i ʻole a i nā keʻokeʻo paha. Ma ke kua, aia he 23-30 mau wahi. Ke ulu nei lākou me ke kino o ka nahesa. A ʻokoʻa paha ka nui o nā ʻāpana ʻaoʻao. I kekahi manawa maʻamau ke hoʻohui pū ʻia i hoʻokahi lālani. Aia kahi wahi uliuli i kēlā me kēia ʻaoʻao o ke poʻo. Ma ke ʻano hoʻohālike lākou i ka leka V.

Kaʻai ʻana a me ka kaʻai ʻana

ʻO ka kaulia viper ka mea i manaʻo ʻia o nā nahesa maikaʻi ʻona ma Asia. Ke alakaʻi nei i kahi nohona nocturnal. E hā aneʻi ana i ka huli me ka wā e hūʻe ai ka lā ma hope o ka lele. ʻO ka papaʻai ka hapanui o nā rodents. ʻO kēia mau mea nāu kahe, nā kiʻi, nā shrew, nā squirrels, nā baki, nā manu a me kā lākou hua. ʻAi nā ʻōpio ʻōpio i nā kīlapa ʻāina, nā ʻahi ʻawa, nā moʻo. He mea hao e huki ana i nā nahesa i ka noho kanaka. No ka poʻe, heʻano pōpilikia ka reptile, ʻoiai inā paʻakikī loa ka nānā ʻana i ke kakahiaka.

ʻO Venom a me nā hōʻailonaʻeha

Hoʻokahi mea ʻōpiopio ʻōpiopio i ka 130 a 268 mg o ka ʻona. ʻO nā hua ʻōpio ʻōpiopio i hua mai mai 8 a 79 mg o ka make i ka pono. No nā kānaka, ka loli ka lethal mai 40 a 70 mg, akā hāʻawi ʻia kēia mea hoʻomaka nā mea huʻala a pau i ke kino. Aia ka 5 i ka huina, a hoʻokahi a ʻaʻole lākou i pilikia e like me ka ʻaha pū.

ʻOi aku ka paʻakikī o nā hōʻailona ʻeha. I ka hoʻomaka, ua wili ka pūnaewele lesion a me ka ʻeha. 20 mau minuke ma hope o kahi kulu mai ka popo, hoʻomaka ka koko i ka ooze. Huli ʻo ʻolua me ke koko. Paheʻe ke koko. Hoʻomaka ka luaʻi, kūleʻa ke alo, a kākau ʻole ʻia ka renal. Ma mua o ka make ʻana ma ka hanu a me ka hōʻeha ʻana o ka naʻau ma waena o 1 mau lā a me 2 mau pule ma hope o ka pōā. Ua kūkulu ʻia kahi antidote ma India. He kūpono maikaʻi loa.

Aia no ʻo Conan Doyle a me kāna moʻolelo, ʻoiai ke mahalo nei ʻo ia no ka mea kākau moʻolelo, a laila e haʻi ʻo ia he hewa. ʻAʻole hiki ke make koke ke kanaka ma hope o kahi pōpoki. Ua pono ka manawa. Ma kēia hihia, ua ʻōlelo ʻia ka pūnaewele lesion, a ua ʻike ʻia nā hōʻailona ʻano hoʻohālikelike.

ʻO ka hiʻohiʻona mua a me ka wehewehe mua ʻana o nā reptiles

E like me ʻoe e ʻike ai, ua ala ka ola ma ka honua i ka nohona o nā kaola, i pani ʻia mai ka honua o waho, a i ka lōʻihi o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka ulu ʻana, ua hoʻomaka nui nā mea he nui e hoʻomaka i ka honua.

Ua ʻike nui ʻia ka paleontological me nā fossils kahiko i hoʻopuehue i ka honua a puni.

Hōʻike ka moʻolelo fossil o ko mākou ʻāina i nā vertebrates terestrial i loaʻa i ka manawa o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka wā brisk a me Cretaceous i ka manawa e hoʻomohala - nā dinosaurs kahiko a me nā holoholona hoʻomau Carboniferous nui i loli nui i ka wā e hana ai ka hoʻomohala ʻana, i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i ʻelua mau hui nui.

1. holoholona i hoʻonohonoho pono ʻia
2. a me nā lau mua.

ʻO nā reptile hope loa, ʻo ia ka manawa i hoʻokuʻu ʻia ma muli o ka waiwai ʻole o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ko lākou mau wāwae hemahema, kū mai nā ʻano hana hou i lilo i poʻe koʻikoʻi o nā reptile hou:

• ʻilikai a me nā kunu
• ʻO nā ʻōkeleka

e hoʻohuli i kahi o ka hakahaka o nā reptile, kahi paʻa ma luna o kahi pālahalaha, e makemake ana i ka wai wai - ʻāina ʻāina ʻole. Ma kahi ma ka ʻāina paʻa i hoʻomaka ai lākou e hili, hoʻoneʻe i kā lākou lōʻihi - a hiki i ka 10 mika elastic-muscular koʻikoʻi - a hiki i ka 100 kilograms kino ma luna o kona ʻili.

ʻOiai kekahi o lākou, e like me nā momi a me nā honu me nā wāwae paepae, ʻoiai lākou e noho ana i kahi kaona, ʻaʻole like i ka ʻamala ʻula e hanu nei lākou i nā māmā i hoʻomohala ʻia, ʻo ia kā lākou iho o nā mea hanu. A no ko lākou ulu ʻana, pono lākou i ka ʻāina paʻa, kahi i waiho ai lākou i nā wahi i neʻe ʻia i nā hua oblong i loko o kahi ʻili kino.

ʻO kēia mau mea kupaianaha o ka helehelena i ka manawa i hoʻololi ʻia mai nā holoholona anu-koko me ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa a hoʻohuihui i ke koko a me nā holoholona anu-hoʻokaʻinā, kahi ana o ka hoʻokolohua metabolic i hilinaʻi i ka mahana ambient. A i kēia manawa ua ʻōleʻa kuhihewa nāu:

1. me kahi kala nani ʻokoʻa a me ka nui o ka helehelena mua,
2. ke ʻano kūikawā o ke kino a me ke ʻano o ke ʻano e pili ana,
3. ala pilikino o ke ola a me nā ʻano ʻē a pau

loaʻa ka ʻike maoli ʻana mai nā herpetologists no ka mea he mau hiʻohiʻona kupanaha lākou, ʻaʻole wale ke ʻano o ke kino wale nō, akā ke ala no hoʻi o ke ʻano kūlohelohe, ʻoiai ka nele o ka lohe a me ka ʻike ʻole.

Ua uhi ʻia ka ʻili o nā holoholona maloʻo i nā ʻiliahi horny kūikawā, kahi pale maikaʻi loa e pale aku i ka luku ʻana. A ua hoʻololi kekahi mau ʻano puaʻa ʻē aʻe i nā kumulāʻau liʻulima me nā ʻōpala o nā kanalā manuahi e alakaʻi ana i waho, i hana ʻia i nā kīnika kūikawā a waiho ʻia i loko o kahi pou no kekahi manawa, poni manu.

ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole like ke like me ka hoʻopili ʻana a me nā ʻano o nā hiona ula, no laila ʻokoʻa ka hopena.

• hele kekahi i ka hopena wīwī, ka hana ʻana i ke ʻōnaehana kūwaho a me ka hanu ʻana.
• Hoʻopuka kekahi i ka hoʻokumu ʻana o nā māka koko ma ka hemorrhage, e hana ana ma ka ʻōnaehana ka kaʻe o ka uila

ʻo ia hoʻi, nā māla pona i hoʻōho i ka hana nui o nā nerb, ka mea aloha a me ka hana o ka naʻau.

ʻO kēia hōʻiliʻili hiʻona he mea waiwai nui ia o kekahi mau mea ʻino, e loaʻa nei i nā wahi āpau manu.

Akā ʻo ka hapanui pinepine nā pīpī i hopu ʻia mai ka holoholona hihiu i waiho ʻia i loko o nā kahu hānai ahulau maʻamau, kahi e loaʻa ai nā mea hōʻohiʻohi ola e hoʻohana i nā nahesa waiū.

Hoʻohana ʻia nā mea ʻili a puni ka honua e nā hui lāʻau lapaʻau e loaʻa i nā huahana lapaʻau like ʻole: nā aila, kaʻaila a me nā ʻulaʻula i hoʻohana ʻia i ka mālama ʻana i nā maʻi ʻino.

ʻO nā koina a pau he 3,500 i ʻike ʻia ma ka honua, nā mea ʻona a me nā mea ʻole, ʻaʻole pono nā mea a pau. pili wale iā ia.

E ʻimi no ka hoʻopihapiha, nā ʻōmaʻomaʻo koko maloʻo e hoʻohana i kahi alelo kūpaʻa e neʻe mau ana mai ka lua waha, me ke kōkua o kā lākou e hana ai:

1. kūlohelohe kūloko a me ka hōʻiliʻili o nā ʻōpū ea,
2. lawaiʻa ʻikepili a me ka huli ʻana i ka mea pio,

ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ka manawa like me ke kōkua o kahi ʻenehana kūpono i ulu ʻia a ka hoʻāla ʻana i ka hōʻeuʻeu kūikawā o ka chemoreception ka hiki ʻana o ka neʻe i ka holo a me ka manaʻo o ka ʻono o ka mea hiki.

Hoʻohui ʻia, ʻike ʻia nā reptile e ka hele ʻana o nā mea kūikawā me nā receptors thermolocation, kahi e hiki ai ke nānā pono i ke hoʻololi ʻana o ke ana ma o ka noʻonoʻo wela, e hoʻohālikelike ana i ka ʻike haʻahaʻa a me ka pohō o ka hoʻolohe ʻana.

ʻO ia, ʻaʻole ia e lohe i nā leo i hoʻoiho ʻia ma ke ʻano, akā ke hoʻoiho nei lākou i kahi ʻūhā i ke ʻano o ke ʻano huʻu a me ke ʻano o ka pīpī i ka manawa o ka pōʻino, ʻo ia kahi hōʻailona hōʻike e kūʻē ai.

Nui nā noiʻi o nā nahesa i hōʻike ʻole ʻia no nā mea āpau e kapa ʻia nā reptile i nā holoholona maoli terrestrial, no ka mea, ua kūlohelohe lākou i:

• ka manaʻo aloha a me ka hilinaʻi hohonu,
• nā manaʻoʻoluʻolu o ke aloha a me ke aloha lōʻihi

i ke ola holoʻokoʻa, hiki i ka makahiki nui o ke ana he 30 mau makahiki. Ka mea, no laila, i kekahi mau ʻāina ua loaʻa i nā nahesa a loaʻa iā lākou, e hoʻolilo iā lākou i kahu mālama hale no nā keiki liʻiliʻi a me nā mea e hilinaʻi pono ʻia mai nā ʻenemi he nui.

I loko o ka manuahi, ʻo ka nui o ka ulu ʻana o ka nui o nā nahesa, ʻoiai ke hoʻomau nei, e paʻa pū ana me ka manawa o ka wā ʻōpiopio i ka 2 mau makahiki o ko lākou ola, a ʻoi loa ka nui o ke koʻo o ka makahiki he 20 mau makahiki ma muli o ko lākou make make ʻana i ka wā ʻōpiopio, ma kahi mau kūlana pōpilikia lākou. lilo pinepine i mau mea maʻalahi i ka mea kahaki kūlohelohe.

ʻO nā kauā a me nā ʻano hana a nā ʻano nui o ka ʻāina

Ma luna o kā mākou ʻāina, nā kaona reptile terrestrial e noho ana i nā wahi ākea āpau me nā kūlana kaiāulu kūpono a me nā ʻaina mau ʻaina ʻē aʻe, me ka ʻike ʻole o ka anuanu a me kekahi mau mokupuni ma Oceania, ʻike pinepine ʻia i nā kulu kula wela.

I ko mākou ʻāina, e hoʻemi ana ka mea kaulana o nā nahe me ka wehe ʻana i kā lākou māhele ʻāpana mai nā palena hema o ka Caucasus a i ka ʻĀkau o Karelia, e pālahalaha ana mai nā palena komohana o nā wahi ʻo Bryansk a me Pskov a i nā palena hikina o ka lāʻo Ussuri.

ʻO ka emi ʻana o ka nui o ka poʻe i nakahi me ka hua liʻiliʻi a hiki i ka 90 mau mea nui o ka hoʻōla ʻana i ko lākou ola ola, no ka mea, ua luku ʻia lākou e nā kānaka a me nā holoholona hānō.

1. he kālai pale kupaianaha maʻamau a me kahi kākele hānai, nā kīwī hihiu a me nā puaʻa home.
2. pūkaha penela a me nā pine marten, nā mea hana ʻino a me nā mea palahalaki.
3. eʻe wāwae a me ka lele ʻeleʻele, ka pipi hoʻi ke alo a me ka lele
4. lōʻihi ka moʻo manuenoa a me nā manu nūpepa kalepa, marsh stork a me nā manaʻo lohi.

ʻOiai ka nui o nā ʻenemi i ka hihiu, makemake nui nā reptile e hoʻoponopono:

• i nā pale pale a me nā ʻoluʻolu wela.
• ʻO nā wahi nahele me nā pua nani i ka lā,
• i nā wao wela a me nā mauna kiʻekiʻe.
• kokoke i nā loko wai wela a me nā māla wai
• ma nā māla waina a ma nā māla kiʻekiʻe.
• maloko o na lua hohonu a me na wahi i |

alakaʻi pinepine pinepine ʻole i ka ʻike pōkole a me nā mea huna.

Ma muli o ke kaʻina o ke koho kūlohelohe, i kahi hakakā ikaika no ko lākou ola ʻana i ka honua, ua hoʻokumu nā mea ola reptile i kahi ʻano pale palekana i ke ʻano o nā hiʻohiʻona kino me kahi kala ākea ʻōpiopio. Hāʻawi kēia hana iā lākou i ka liʻiliʻi ma kahi hōʻailona e pili ana i ko lākou wahi e pili ana i ka hiki ke hōʻalo kino lākou a pale kūʻē i nā ʻenemi ʻeha.

No laila aia wale nō he 412 mau nahelehele ʻona i ke kūlohelohe, hiki ke hoʻomake wale i ka kiʻina mahina a me ka ʻōpū wai ma ka hana nāwaliwali o ka hopena ʻā. Aʻo ka 200 wale nō o lākou me ka wai uʻi e hiki ke make i ka ʻelemakule nui a i mea pākeke nui.

ʻAʻohe o nā nahe i kēlā me kēia, ʻoiai ʻo ia ka huaʻōlelo maʻamau e loaʻa ana i ka manaʻo semant i kūpono i ke ʻano o kahi kumuhana i kuhikuhi ʻia no ka hoʻolauna ʻana i nā ʻona pakanā ma lalo o ka ʻili o ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia. Ma kēia hihia, ʻo kahi mea make e make ai ma ka ʻoiua o ka waha o ka nahesa ʻelua ʻelua o nā canal hope lateral o nā niho kiʻekiʻe me nā kaila.

ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻo ka hele ʻana ma ka ʻāina me nā wāwae no kekahi holoholona, ​​ʻaʻole i maʻalahi. Eia nō naʻe, ʻike maoli ʻia nā nāhelehele reptile i hiki ke hana i kēia hana akamai me ka kōkua o nā pae haʻahaʻa e kū ana i ko lākou ʻōpū.

I ka neʻe o ka neʻe, ʻo kēia mau ʻōmaʻomaʻo mau loa, e like me ka neʻe ʻana i kahi mea hoʻoweliweli pili, hoʻopili ʻia i ka papa o ka honua, ma laila e neʻe ai i ke kino lōʻihi o ka nahesa i ka holo.

ʻO nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole o ka nāhelehele, e hilinaʻi ana i ka mahele o ka noho a a me nā wahi noho, ua hoʻomohala i ko lākou mau ʻano ponoʻī o ka neʻe, ka mea nui i hiki ke manaʻo ʻia:

1. ka ʻae o ka ʻae a me ke kipi ʻana,
2. ka anuhe kūwaho a me nā hōʻaiʻe e like me ka puhi ʻana o ke kino,
3. Ke hoʻokaʻawale nei a me ka neʻe ʻana i ka lele.

Me nā lima paʻa pono a me ka vertebrae paʻa, hiki i kahi reptile lōʻihi ke holo maʻalahi i kahi ākea paʻa loa. ʻOluʻo kona waha ākea e hoʻopau koke wale nō i nā nui nui o ka manu o nā hua manu, akā ke ʻala nui loa hoʻi, e hāloi ana ma ke ʻano o ka moʻo a me ka moni ʻana.

ʻO ke ʻano o nā ʻano nahesa e wehewehe ʻia mai i ka nāwaliwali o nā kūpeʻe kelepona, ʻaʻohe hiki ke hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka ikaika no ka manawa lōʻihi, ka mea hou kahe nui o ka nui e kī ʻia ana i ke kaumaha. No laila, e hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ke kaʻina o ka hana ʻana i nā nahesa huna e hoʻokaʻawale i ka nui o ka wai lawaka.

Ma ke ʻano he laʻana, ʻaʻole loa e loli ka ʻili i ka ʻili, ʻoiai i ka manawa o ka wā i pau ai ke kāʻei ʻana i ka mea make a me ke kapa ʻūhā o luna o ka ʻili ʻili o nā maka, ʻo ia ka hapa o ka mea i pili i kēia mau mea:

• ke kūlana kaiapuni a me ke olakino kūpono,
• nā hiʻohiʻona a me nā loli pili makahiki.
• ka hana o ka wā ʻōpiopio a me ka loaʻa ʻana o nā pōʻino kino i ka ʻili me ka hoʻonāukiuki ʻia.

Nā kūʻokoʻa o waho a me kahi papa pōkole o nā mea holo kolohe

Ke noho nei i loko o ke alapine o ke ʻano, pinepine nā kānaka i ka hana ʻana i nā nahe ʻoki, i kēlā me kēia manawa e hoʻāʻo ai e pale aku i nā pili pili pono me nā kānaka.

Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole hiki i ka mea pono ke nānā i ka wā e hiki ke loiloi mau i ka kūlana o kēia manawa a ua hana pinepine ʻo ia i kēia ʻano mea kolohe. ʻO kēlā ʻano ʻano maikaʻi o ke ʻano o ke kanaka, ʻo ka mea mua loa, e wehewehe ʻia e ka makaʻu weliweli a ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻo ka ʻike ʻole ʻole o ka hana a ka mea nāna i ʻike.

No ka mea ʻike ʻia wale i kēia lā ma luna o mākou ma lalo o ka honua a aia ma mua o ʻekolu a me ka hapa mano manoanoa o nā ʻuʻala manuahi, i hui pū ʻia me nā manu superfamilies:

1. nā mea ʻokoʻa a me nā pseudopods,
2. makapō a me nā ʻōwili,
3. aspid a moana,

a he iwakāluakolu mau ʻohana.

• nā ʻōpū a me nā ʻenā maskaren,
• nā ʻōpala ʻaʻai a me nā nahe kaua.
• nā nāhelehele cylindrical a me nā nahe a pau i pale ʻia.
• Palani a me nā helehelena ma ka honua,
• na nahesa e hele mai ana a me nā naheao pololei.
• nā kumu mua a me ke aloha,
• nā ʻōpiopio manuahi a me nā mea ʻokiʻoni.
• nā nāhelehele makapū a me nā nakahi

ma waena o ia mea, he hapaha wale nō he mau māmona mea pili, a komo pū ai i kahi ʻohana lōʻihi e lilo ʻole ʻia i kā mākou nānā ʻana.

I nā manawa āpau, ʻo ka hālāwai kuhihewa ʻole ʻana o ka poʻe me kahi nahe huna e hoʻonā mau i ka makaʻu panic, ka ikaika o ia

1. hauna kekahi poʻe i kaʻoluʻolu ʻole.
2. aia kekahi mau manaʻo ikaika e alakaʻi maoli ai iā lākou i kahi kūlana o ka maʻi palupalu.

Kahi ʻano ʻōiwi maʻamau e hoʻokūkū nei me ka nahe koko anu, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻomaopopo koke iā ia me ka lawa ʻole a kaona a make ʻole paha. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka lapuwale i manaʻo ʻia e ka poʻe he nui no kēia mau mea kūloe.

Pili ʻia kēia ʻano ʻokoʻa me nā hoʻomana kūʻauhau a me ke naʻaupō ʻole wale i ʻike ʻia kekahi kanaka i ka ʻike ʻana o ka nahesa hihiu.

Akā, pono e hoʻomanaʻo kahi kanaka - ʻo ia nā nāhelehele reptile i akamai a me ka poʻe akamai a me kā lākou ʻano hoʻoweliweli ʻole a hiki ʻole ke hōʻeha i ka poʻe no ka kumu ʻike ʻole.

A inā paha i hoʻoholo ka nahe e e kūʻē iā ʻoe, a laila e wehewehe hōʻo maoli ʻoe iā ia e ka hōʻino ʻana i kona palena teritorial. ʻO ia, makaʻu lākou iā ia a hele kokoke loa lākou iā ia, no laila ke hōʻike nei ʻoe i kahi ʻano hoʻoweliweli maikaʻi iā ia, no ka mea ua ʻoi ʻia kāna ʻano hoʻohālikelike ʻana.

Ma ko mākou ʻāina he nui wale nā ​​nui, ʻo 56 mau mea o nā nahesa a he 15 wale nō nā ʻano o lākou he hoʻoweliweli i ka mea nānā ʻole ʻia, no ka mea he mau pūnaka maʻiā.

Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole kahi hihia a pau a nā mea make hakahaka e hiki ai ke make, no ka mea, ʻaʻole mau ia e like me ka hopena, ʻoiai ka mea i manaʻo ʻia he pōkole hake maikaʻi loa kēia. ʻO ka hopena o ka ʻōneke honu, ua pā ʻia ka:

• ʻaʻole wale ka naʻau o ka mea i hoʻonani ʻia, akā, ʻo ke ʻano o loko o ka nahesa,
• kahi o nā pīpī ponoʻī a me ka nui o nā mea i paʻi ʻia,

akā e ʻōlelo ʻia he kanaka, ʻaʻole like me nā holoholona, ​​ʻaʻole i emi iki i ka hana a ka maʻi koka, no laila, ʻaʻole mau mea maʻi kela mea maʻi.

Mai koʻu ola ʻoi aku ka nānā ʻana i nā nahesa, ʻike wau inā e hoʻokaʻawale i nā naona ʻona i loko o ka nahesa ʻōlohelohe ʻole:

1. e makaʻala loa ʻoe i ka wā i kū ai lākou.
2. ua makaʻala nui i ke aʻo ʻana i kā lākou ʻano
3. a maopopo maopopo iā ia nā hōʻailona nui o nāʻokoʻa ma waena o kēia mau ʻano holoholona like ʻole.

Malia paha o nā mea nui loa ma waena o nā nahele a me ka palekana:

He nānā poʻomanaʻo	ʻAʻole hele maikaʻi
ʻOi aku ka nui o ke poʻo i ka ʻāʻī ma muli o ka mea i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia e ka isthmus a loaʻa iā ia ke ʻano o kahi triangle i kuhikuhi ʻia i ka waha.	Kūpono ka poʻo a ua elongated ka lōʻihi o ke ʻano o ka lime, kaawale i ka ʻāʻī a hele maikaʻi i ke kino.
ʻO nā maka ma ke ʻano o kahi ellipse kūpaʻa e like me kahi elongated elima	Nā maka haumāna
ʻAno kukui ke kino	ʻAno ke kino kino
Aia nā puka ʻelua o ke poʻo o ka waha.	ʻAʻohe fangs koi ma ka piko o ka waha
Ma waena o nā nostrils aia kahi fossae e pili ana i ka wela	ʻAʻohe huahana wela-wela ma waena o nā ihu
ʻO ka huelo kahi lālani hoʻokahi o nā pauna.	ʻElua mau lāna mauʻu ʻelua i ka huakaʻi.
E ka ana ke kiko o ka ihe ʻia ma ka wai wai.	Aia ka wai ʻūlū ma lalo o ka wai, aia wale ke poʻo i ʻike ʻia
ʻO ka pauku ʻo ka huelo ma hope o ke anus e like me ke kino holoʻokoʻa ka mea ʻaʻohe mana	ʻO ka pauku ʻili ma hope o ke anus he pattern rhombic transverse
Noho ʻelua mau kiaʻi kau ma ka pae ʻeha	Ke noho nei nā ʻahi paʻi ma ka pūnaewele ʻuʻuku

Eia nō naʻe, ma muli o ka nui o nā ʻano like ʻole o nā nahesa, aia kekahi mau ʻina i nā lula, nā hiʻohiʻona koʻikoʻi o ia mau ʻano reptile e like me:

• coral asp a me nā pua ʻōpala,
• ʻeleʻele ka mamba a me ka nahe ʻohana.

Ma muli o kēia mau mea āpau, ʻaʻohe kānalua i ka pōmaikaʻi o nā mea nā holoholona, ​​ʻoiai lākou e hāʻawi nei iā mākou ʻaʻole wale i nā mea make maikaʻi loa i ka ʻano o ka lāʻau hoʻōla, akā ʻo lākou nō hoʻi ka mea mālama i ka nui o nā mea make kīwī a me nā mea make maikaʻi.

No laila, inā ʻaʻole lākou e noho - ka helu nui o nā kiʻī like me nā kiʻī a me nā mea ʻinoʻino hānai, make ʻo ia i ka pōʻino nui wale nō i kahi kanaka maʻamau, akā i ka honua holoʻokoʻa holoʻokoʻa.

Mahalo nui loa iā ʻoe i kou mahalo a ʻike wau i ʻoliʻoli ʻoe i kaʻu ʻatikala ma ke kumu no nā reptile o nā ʻīlio holoholona he mea punahele maikaʻi ʻole maikaʻi o ka wā kahiko.

Ke hauʻoli nui nei au i ka ʻike ʻana iā ʻoe ma koʻu wahi a no laila ke noi aku nei wau e kau inoa ʻoe i nā hoʻolaha o kaʻu blog e hiki koke ai iā ʻoe ke loaʻa ʻikepili hou ma ka leka uila. A hiki iā ʻoe ke helu i kāu ʻatikala ma kahi ʻōnaehana 10-10, hōʻailona iā ia me kekahi helu o nā hōkū.

E kipa pinepine aku iā ʻoe, no ka mea ua hoʻokumu ʻia kēia blog ʻano maoli no ʻoe, kahi e ʻike nui ai ʻoe i ka ʻike he nui a loaʻa hoʻi i ʻike. ʻO, ʻoiaʻiʻo, e lawe i kāu mau hoaaloha a haʻi i kāu mau hoaaloha maikaʻi loa e pili ana iā ia ma ke kaomi ʻana i nā pihi o nā ʻoihana pūnaewele, mahalo nui wau iā ʻoe. ʻĀnō e haʻi iā ʻoe iā ʻoe e ʻike koke iā ʻoe.

Amur (snake Shrenka, Far Eastern)

I waena o nā ʻano ʻano ʻono a maikaʻi loa o nā nahesa ʻo ʻAmur, a i ʻole ʻehā Far:

• nā kala dorsal o nā ʻelele ʻelemakule o kēia mau maʻamau i ʻike pinepine ʻia i loko o ke kala ʻeleʻele a i ʻole nā ​​kala ʻulaʻula me kahi hihelena blides iridescent blious.
• nā laina ākea a ʻulaʻula paha a me ka bifurcation me ka bifurcation e ʻike ʻia i nā ʻaoʻao,
• ʻākala ke ʻōpū o kēia nahesa, ʻokaʻeleʻele,
• aia nā māka ʻeleʻele o ka nahe ʻ Amur,
• kona lōʻihi ma kahi ʻekolu ʻāpana.

Hōʻalo nā holoholona i nā rodents, nā manu, hiki ke luku i ka manu me ka ʻai ʻana i ka hua manu. Inā hiki, komo i kēia ʻaka i nā heihei moa a ʻai i nā hua manu. Ke hoʻoikaika ʻia nei nā ʻelele ʻōpio o nā ʻano ʻōiwi e nā shrews, mollusks. ʻAʻohe mea make i kēia mau holoholona. Pono lākou i ka hana o ke ao.

I ka hiki ʻana mai o ka pūnāwai, ʻākoakoa nā kānaka pākahi i kekahi wahi, hoʻomaka i ka pāʻani ʻana i nā pāʻani moe, ka nānā ʻana i nā lula a pau no ka hana hoʻāla, ka mea i haki i ka male kāne o ke kino o kāna mea i wae ʻia me kona poʻo, a ʻo ia hoʻi ma ka neʻe mau o ka wā kokoke iā ia.

Ma hope o ka hopena kūleʻa o ka wā hoʻoulu, wehe ʻia nā kāne, a hoʻomaka ka wahine i ke kaʻina o ka lawe ʻana i nā cubs i kahi kūlana hoʻomaha a me ka hoʻomaha. Ma ka waena o ke kauwela, mai 10 a 30 mau huaʻehā a keu aʻe, ua kau ʻia, ʻo ko lākou nui ma ka lōʻihi a hiki i ka 5 kenimika. Kēia ia e hui pū ai nā wahine i kā lākou masonry, a laila hiki i kā lākou helu ke ʻoi aku ma mua o hoʻokahi haneri. ʻO ka lōʻihi o nā nahesa i ka wā e hānau ai a hiki i 30 kenimika. ʻAe lākou i ka moekolohe i ka makahiki ʻekolu.

Noho ka nū Amur i nā kūlana kūlohelohe no ka awelika o 11 mau makahiki.

ʻAeʻoluʻolu ka ʻuʻauhau Far kokoke i nā kānaka, hiki ke noho i ka māla, ka māla kihini, i ka hale o ka hale. Hoʻohana koke ia i ka hana o nā kānaka, lawe i ka meaʻai mai nā lima, a ma ka hoʻopio wale nō he hiki iā ia ke hānau hou.

ʻAʻole makemakeʻo ia i ka hakakā, makemake ʻo ia e holo inā hiki mai kahi kūlana pōʻino, akā inā kuhi ʻo ia i ke kūlana hopohopo, pale aku ʻo ia iā ia iho me ka hoʻohālikelike, hoʻouka ʻana, a i hiki pū nō hoʻi me ka hopena o nā hopena koʻikoʻi.

ʻĀlohoa

Ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo ʻAsia ka noho ʻana o kēia ʻano holoholona, ​​ua ʻike ʻia ʻo ia ma Mongolia, Korea, ʻaoʻao ʻākau o Kina, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Iran a me nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe.

Kāleka:

• Hiki i ka reptile ke hiki i hoʻokahi a me ka hapa mika ke lōʻihi,
• ʻokoʻa kona kaila: aia nā ʻelele monophonic o nā ʻano, a me nā ʻōniʻoniʻe lehulehu. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ka wā ʻōpiopio i nā māmā māmā (brown me ka ʻoliva, hiki nō hoʻi ke hoʻohui ʻulaʻula), ma hope nā kūlohelohe o nā hina hina.
• aia ka ʻōpū o kēia holoholona i nā kala hina hina, ʻoiaiʻo a me nā mea ʻulaʻula a me nā wahiʻeleʻele paha.

He ʻokoʻa nā wahi o nā holoholona: nā wao nahele, nā anuʻu, nā mea kanu, nā lāʻau kanu juniper, nā pā nui, nā māla waina, nā awāwa o nā punahele, nā kaawai a me nā wahi he nui. I ka meaʻai, ua hiki mai kēia ʻelele hopohopo mua, hiki ke ʻai i nā iniseti, iʻa, amphibians, nā māmaka. Nā ʻōlau kuʻi maʻamau i kekahi manawa e hoʻohuli i nā cannibals, moni aku i ko lākou poʻe hoahānau mai ke poʻo. Akā ʻo ia iho ʻo ia i lilo i mea hoʻopōʻele a nā manu manuahi, no ka laʻana, ʻo ka ʻaeto hina.

I nā kāne, ua pau ka hana mua a ka wahine ma mua o nā wahine, i ka makahiki ʻelua a ʻekolu paha o ke ola, ua mākaukau lākou e hoʻohala. ʻO ka wā ulu, ka mea i hoʻomaka i ka lā o ʻApelila, hiki mai i ka hopena o ka puna hope - ke hoʻomaka koke o Mei.

Hiki i ka wahine ke waiho i 5 a 25 mau huaʻai i ka manawa i loko o ka mauʻu i kokoke i ka wai, i nā lau i loko o ka ulu lāʻau a i ʻole ʻōpala. Hānau ʻia nā Cubs ma waena o Iulai a me Kepakemapa, ʻo ka nui o kā lākou ʻehā a hiki i ka ʻehā mita ka lōʻihi.

ʻEleʻele-bellied (Caspian, a i ʻole nahe ʻā maʻamau)

ʻAʻole naʻe nā mea ʻelima o ka ʻohana ʻokoʻa, akā he nahe ʻakeki, no ka mea, ʻo ka mea e haki ai ke kanaka ma mua o ke ʻano o ke koko ʻaʻole paʻakikī.

• i waena o nā ʻano o nā mea i hoʻopili mua ʻia, ʻo ia kekahi o nā nahesa nui i ka ʻāpana ʻāpana o ka honua nei a hiki i ka 2.5 m ka nui. A ʻoi aku ka nui o nā kāne ma mua o nā wahine.
• He poʻo liʻiliʻi nui nā ka puʻu Caspian me nā puʻu ʻōpiopio a me nā maka convex, i hoʻopuni ʻia e nā ʻōpū melemele,
• ʻokoʻa iki ka waihoʻoluʻu o kēia mau holoholona: ʻoni me ka brownish, cherry ʻulaʻula a i ʻole brown me ka lāʻau ʻoliva. Aia kekahi kanaka kīhai o kēia ʻano ʻeleʻele me ka ʻeleʻele,
• ʻ smoothlelo kūpono loa nā unahi o kēia kauka.

Noho kēia mau holoholona i loko o ka Caucasus, ʻo ka Balkan Peninsula, ma Asia, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Moldova, a me Ciscaucasia, i ka ʻāina Volga. ʻOi aku lākou i ka helehelena, ʻaʻole ma nā ʻāina wai, no laila ua maikaʻi lākou i ka wao nahele, nā wahi ala, i nā ʻaoʻao o nā kuahiwi, nā pōhaku.

Hiki i kēia mau mea paʻu ke lanakila i kahi kiʻekiʻe a hiki i ʻelua mau hola. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hālāwai me lākou ma nā kahawai o nā muliwai, kahi a lākou e ʻimi ai i ka waiwai.

ʻO nā ʻano kūloko like ʻole o ka honua holoholona i ka honua a me nā lua i lilo i mea waiwai no lākou: nā ʻōpala, nā manu a me nā ʻūhā, nā rodents a me nā nahe, a me nā nū nui a me nā baki.

ʻO kēia mau pahele e hoʻolilo i nā pāʻani moe. I ka wā moe, uhi ka kāne i ka wahine i ka ʻāʻī me kona waha, aʻo nā holoholona ʻelua e lilo ka makaʻala. Ma hope o hoʻokahi a me ka hapa mahina, e waiho ana ka wahine mai 6 a 12 mau hua i ka hollow o nā lāʻau, crevices. Hana ʻia nā holoholona, ​​ʻehā a mau makahiki kēia mau holoholona. Ma lalo o nā kūlana kūlohelohe, mai ka 7 a 8 mau makahiki ka ola o ko lākou ola.

Kākoʻo ʻalu ʻia

ʻO ka nahe a ʻulaʻula i noho ai i ka ʻaoʻao hema o ka Far East, Korea, Kina. Makemake i nā wahi kahakai nui. ʻO nā mea hiki i ka hiki ke ʻauʻau a ka kai.

Kāleka:

• kona loa i ka umauma a hiki i ka 80 kenimika, no laila ʻo ia kekahi o nā ʻelele liʻiliʻi o ka ʻohana,
• ke poʻo o ka ʻulaʻula ulaula i ka ʻoliva me ka brown
• ua kau ʻia ma luna o ke kino o ke kino ma nā lālani ʻehā mau pōʻeleʻeleʻele me ke aniani.
• ka lei ʻāpana o ka ʻōpū o kēia nahesa i hoʻonā ʻia me nā pehu o kahi kūʻīa, i waiho ʻia ma ka papa kuhikuhi.
• ma ka piko o ke poʻo kahi hiʻohiʻona nani loa o nā kuli pōuli.

No ka ʻōpū mau ʻia i ka ʻulaʻula ʻōpiopio. No ka manawa, ma kahi o Kepakemapa, 8-20 hānau hānau nā pēpē, he awelika o 20 kenimita ka lōʻihi.

ʻAʻole hiki i ke kanaka makaʻu ke makaʻu i kēia nahesa. Ke pale ʻo ia, lilo ka ʻōpū o ke kino i ka umauma, a wikiwiki ia i ka ʻenemi, aʻo ke kaʻe o kahi hālū.

Akā i ka wa i mālama ʻia ai, lilo kēia mau holoholona i ka pupule, mālie a hōʻike i ka lokomaikaʻi o ko lākou ʻano.

Nahesa ʻulaʻulaʻula

A hiki i kēia manawa, ua manaʻo ʻia kēia ʻano ʻōpana o kahi nahe i ʻomaʻomaʻo, ʻā ia i ʻokoʻa ʻole i ke ʻano o kahi ʻulaʻula. Noho ʻo ia ma Turkey, Iran, Armenia, Georgia a me nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe.

ʻAno like kekahi mau wahi noho: ʻo ke kahakai kahawai e loaʻa ana i nā awāwa a loaʻa nā mea kanu lāʻau, nā māla, nā nahele, nā pali o nā kuahiwi, a me nā wahi hoʻi. ʻO ka nahe i ka ʻulaʻula pahuhopu i hoʻohana ʻia i ke ao. I ka hoʻoilo, ua hāʻule ʻo ia i loko o ka pua, kahi e waiho ai me ka hiki ʻana o ka wai.

Mai ʻApelila a Mei, ua hoʻohake ʻia kēia mau lehelehe, a ma hope o Iune-Iulai ka wī o ka wahine 611 hua. Ua hānau ʻia nā Cubs i Sepatemaba, ke kiʻekiʻe oʻoi aku ma mua o 30 cm.

E like me ka hapanui o nā ʻano nui o kēia mau ʻīlena, ʻaina ka ʻulaʻula i mau aiʻa manu, manu, rodents, a me nā nakahi. Loaʻa iā ia kahi laʻe mai nā lua i loko o nā lua o nā mea kuʻikuʻi a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, akā inā ʻaʻole ia e pōmaikaʻi, a laila i ka pale aku ʻo ia e hoʻāla me ka puʻe mau ʻana a hoʻāʻo e ʻāʻī i ka ʻenemi.

Nahehi piehie

ʻO kēia ʻano ʻuʻī e hele mai i Kina, kahi i loaʻa ai ma ka mokupuni o Taiwan. Ua loaʻa i kēia holoholona ka hoʻoili ʻana ma nā kahakai o Asia Hema. ʻO kahe a ka pua piki kālai ʻia i kēlā mau hiʻohiʻona:

• o kekahi holoholona nui a hiki i elua mita ka loa, oiai nae he puupuu;
• ua hui pū ʻia ke poʻo me ka ʻāʻī a me ka pena hulu,
• hua kukui oliva
• ma ke kua he laha pūlima i hui pinepine ʻia e nā laina lihilihi, like kēia ornament e like me ka ʻoni.
• ʻeleʻele a ʻeleʻele paha ka ʻōpū
• ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o nā kāne ma mua o nā wahine.

ʻO ka nahe a ka kua i kālai ʻia a mālie a naue ʻole ka neʻe ʻana. Ma ke kūlohelohe kūlohelohe, hiki iā ia ke noho kokoke i ka hale o kahi kanaka, hoʻopili ʻia me nā poʻe a me ka maʻalahi.

ʻO ke ola ma ke ao, akā i ka wela, me ke kakahiaka a me ke ahiahi, hūnā i kahi malu. He holoholona ʻāina kēia hihiu, e piʻi pono ana i nā kumulāʻau. Ola kahe ahe ʻehā mai 9 a 17 mau makahiki i ka kūlohelohe kūlohelohe. Ke mālama ʻia nei i nā pio, ʻaʻole pono nā kūlana kūikawā.

Nā maka nui

ʻO nā holoholona manuʻīhi manu nui he holoholona nani, i hōʻike ʻia e nā maka nui. Ua hiki i kona lōʻihi i ʻelua mau mika.

Aia ma ka wahi o ke kuʻuna, hiki i ka pena o nā holoholona ke hoʻololi i ka melemele a me ka brown, a me ka ʻeleʻele. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia ka ulu ʻōpio e nā kui kuʻekuʻe: hina me nā kala hina-keʻokeʻo.

Noho ka loka ma ka ʻaoʻao hema a ma ka hema o Asia, a ma ka ʻaoʻao hema o nā panalāʻau o Rūsia. ʻOiai pili ʻia kēia holoholona hihiu, he hoa aloha ia me ka wai. Ma ke alo o nā waiolaʻa, nā wahi maile o ka marshy, e noho ai ka nahesa nui. Piʻi ʻo ia i nā lāʻau maikaʻi, kahi e peʻe ai mai ka wela. Me ka hopena o ka pūnāwai a me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke kauwela, ua waiho ka wahine mai 7 a 16 mau hua. Ma hope o hoʻokahi mau mahina, ʻike ʻia nā hua a keu i ka nui a hiki i ka 40 kenimika. Kekahi makahiki ma hope aku, ua lōʻihi paha ko lākou lōʻihi.

Kaukaʻi Kūpaha Leopela

Aia i kēia mau reptile nā ​​hiʻohiʻona:

• laulā nui, ʻo ko lākou lōʻihi kino ka liʻiliʻi iki ma mua o ka mika me ka huelo,
• ke kūpaʻa nei nā kaulike, me ka ʻole o ka puʻupuʻu,
• hiki ke hina i ka kala o nā ʻōlala, hina, ʻulaʻula, brownish,
• hele mai nā hiʻohiʻona hope i kekahi mau ʻano, kau ʻia ma ka wahi o nā kuhi,
• hiki i ka ʻōpū ke kukui i ka ʻeleʻele i ka kala.
• hoʻokaʻawale ke poʻo i ka ʻike ʻia o ke ʻano ʻeleʻele contoured.

Noho ka Leopona ʻona e noho ana i nā ʻāina ma ka hikina o ka Hikina, aia hoʻi ma Crimea. Ua ʻoluʻolu ʻo ia i nā wahi o nā mauna a me nā pōhaku, ma ko lākou puʻu, ma lalo o nā pōhaku, i nā ʻāina maloʻo o ke awāwa, i nā ʻāā o nā rodents. Hoʻohana ʻia kēia mau holoholona mai ka hoʻomaka o ka pūnāwai a hiki i ka hopena o ka wā o ka lūlū.

ʻO kēia mau pahele āpau mai ka manawa mua o ke kauwela a i ke kauwela. Hoʻonohonoho ʻia nā hua he 2-8 ma Iune-Iulai. ʻO ka masonry hou i ʻike ʻia ma Nowemapa.

ʻO ka mea pio o kēia mau reptile he mau manu, rodents, lizards, shrew and other animals. He mea ʻona ʻole ka pauna.

Mokupuni

Noho ʻo kēia noho ma Iapana a ʻo ka mokupuni ʻo Kunashir. ʻO nā wahi i noho ai ke kahakai pali kai, loaʻa nō hoʻi ia ma nā mākaʻi bamboo a me nā nahele ulu coniferous. Hiki i kēia mau ʻelele ke lanaʻau. Ko lāua mau hiʻohiʻona:

• i ka ulia mokupuni i hiki ka lōʻihi i ka 1,3 m, kona huʻu - mai 25 a 30 cm,
• ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ke poʻo nui ma ke ʻano ākea,
• uliuli nā lālā o nā pākeke me ke ʻōmaʻomaʻo a hina paha me ka ʻulaʻula,
• ʻōpiopio ka uʻi me ka melemele, brown, brown brown i loko o ka waihoʻoluʻu, a me ke alo o kahi poni ʻeleʻele me nā wahi ma ka wahi o ka pālani a ma nā ʻaoʻao,
• ma ke kua i kekahi manawa, 4 mau pūleka i ʻike ʻia ma ke kuahiwi, i hōʻike ʻia e ka puʻu,
• ʻā pinepine ʻia ka ʻōpū i ka uliuli a me ka hana hina.

E hānai ana i nā manu, mammals, amphibians. Ke hoʻāʻo nei e ʻaihue i ka mea ʻoi me ke kōkua o ka hoʻopihapiha ʻana a puni kona kino holoʻokoʻa a ʻūʻū.

Hōʻike ʻia ka hana mai Mei a ʻOkakopa, a laila haʻalele lākou no ka hoʻoilo. E waiho i nā hua i ka nui o 4 a 10 mai Iune a I kakahiaka i Iulai. ʻO ka ʻōpū o ka mokupuni he hapa maʻamau no ka hānai ʻana e nā makahiki he ʻekolu.

Sarmatian (Pallas snake)

He mau kikoʻī ʻelele o nā ʻano o kēia ʻano.

• me ka nui o ka makahiki, ulu ka hua Sarmatian i ka lōʻihi mai 1.2 a 1.4 m, i kekahi mau hihia, hiki ke hiki i kēia mau helu he 2 mika,
• pena i kaʻaila a me nā kala ʻulaʻula me nā pale i hoʻonohonoho ʻia i nā lālani. I kekahi manawa he mau pōuliuli ʻole ka nui o nā wahi māmā, a i kekahi manawa aneane keokeo,

• no ka mea, ʻaʻole o nā ʻano like like o Sarmatian, he ʻāpana o ka ʻōpū o lākou, a me ka melemele, ʻulaʻula, a me ka keʻokeʻo paha ke keʻokeʻo.
• ke loli nei ke kaʻina o kahi kala a ka ʻōpio ʻōpio i ka wā e ulu a hala ka hapalua mika, a hiki i ka lōʻihi o 70 mau kenimika, loaʻa i ka holoholona kahi ʻano maʻamau.

He laulā nui ka noho ʻana o ka nahe Pallasov: mai ʻAsia a me Kazakhstan a i ka puke ʻo Balkan Peninsula. Noho lākou i nā ʻāpana ʻāina-ala a me nā wahi ala, semi-deserto a me nā wahi me nā mea kanu subtropical, a me nā mauna. E makemake i nā holoholona e wehe i nā wahi no ka noho ʻana, ʻo ia hoʻi kēlā mau wahi kahi i loaʻa i nā rodents.

Noho ikaika kēia mau ʻōlapa a hiki i Nowemapa; hele mai lākou i ka hoʻoilo me ka hōʻea ʻana o ka wai. Mahalo i ke kala, ua kāwili ʻia lākou ma ka ʻāina. Ma ka pōpilikia, hōʻalo lākou i ka ʻenemi me kahi mea e pukana nui ana, e hāmama ana ka waha. Akā hiki iā lākou ke noho mālie a ʻaʻole hōʻike i ka hoʻouka kaua. ʻAi lākou i ka rodents, nā manu, nā wahaʻai, nā hua.

ʻO nā wahine o ka nahesa Sarmatian he mau makua hānai nui, ka mākaukau e pale me ka pale ʻole i kā lākou kumupaʻa. Ke waiho nei kēia mau manu i kā lākou hua i ka mahina o Iune; a hiki i Kepakemapa, nā kaukani a hiki i 17 g a ulu aʻe ana a hiki i 26 cm ke kī mua nei.

Hiki ke mālama ʻia ka ʻiʻo Sarmatian ma nā kūlana terrarium kūlohelohe.

Kahe ʻōmaʻomaʻo (smaragd)

ʻO kēia mākaʻi o ka ʻohana ʻikepili, ʻaʻole ia he nahesa make. ʻOi aku ka lōʻihi o nā kāne o ka nahe ʻōmaʻomaʻo ma mua o nā wahine, ʻo ke lōʻihi kona lōʻihi ma mua o ʻelua a me hoʻokahi hapa mita.

Akā i ka manawa like, he ʻano ʻoi aku ka pena o ke kāne ma mua o kā lākou mau kaikamahine. ʻO Green, kokoke i nā leo emerald hāʻawi i kēia ʻano ʻano i kekahi ʻano pilikino. Hiki ke hoʻohui ʻia i kēia kala kala i nā ʻone kala, e ʻae ana i ka holoholona i ʻike ʻole ʻia i waena o nā mānoanoa a me nā lāʻau. Ma ke kua aia kekahi ʻano hoʻohālike e like me ka mesh. Hiki i ka ʻōpū ma kahi ʻāpana mālamalama a i ʻole he melemele paha. Hōʻike ʻia nā pale o ka ʻōpū ma ka mauʻu, e ʻae ana i ka ʻaʻe ʻana o nā lāʻau me kahi pilikia ʻole.

I kekahi manawa ʻike ʻoe i nā ʻelele o kēia ʻano ʻano i loko o kahi brown brown me kahi koʻala ʻulaʻula.

I ka pōpilikia, hoʻomaka ka holoholona i ka hoʻonāukiuki i ka pona e kokoke ana ma ka ʻāʻī, ʻoiai ʻoi aku ka nui. ʻO kēia ʻano mau nahesa i ka hana i ke ao. Maʻa pinepine lākou i ka ʻāina, mahele e noho i nā kuahiwi.

Hoʻoluhilele ka mea pio o ua mau ʻīlio nei, me ko lākou hopu ʻana iā ia ma luna o ka lele, no ke kūlana pale ʻana i nā lālā lāʻau.

Manaʻo maikaʻi kekahi ʻākena smaragd i nā kūlana i hana ʻia, aʻo ia ka mea hiki iā ia ke hoʻohana hou i nā ʻai rodents.

Hoʻohui ʻia

Kuhi ʻia ka ʻōnaehana like ʻole o ka ʻohana i hala e ia me ka ʻike o waho.

• he ʻokoʻa ka nui o kēia holoholona a hiki i ka 1,2 mika, ʻo ka huelo hoʻi ka hapalua o ka lōʻihi,
• ka hapa o ka umauma o ka ʻili i ka hina me ka polona, ​​he mau wahi a me nā ʻolihi ʻia i loko o ke ʻano o nā rhombuses o nā ʻano ʻokoʻa ʻē aʻe, ma ka pākeke hiki ke ʻoi aku ma mua o kanaono,
• ua ʻike ʻia kekahi mau pūʻulu pōkole o nā wahiʻeleʻele me ke aniani māmā ma ke poʻo, kahi hana pinepine pinepine ʻia i ka lole manamana.
• ʻākīnaʻula ʻia ka ʻōpū o nā nakahi me nā tinge a pinkish.

Noho ia i nā panalāʻau mai Asia Minor a hiki i ke kūkulu ʻākau-komohana o Kina. E makemake ʻo ia i nā pōhaku a me nā kuahiwi, a noho ma lalo o nā pōhaku, ma nā puʻu, i nā mākaʻi, nā iʻa a me nā holoholona ʻē aʻe. Ke hoʻomau nei ka hana i nā holoholona mai Pepeluali a Nowemapa, i kekahi mau wahi - a hiki i Dekemaba. ʻAi 5 ma 18 mau huaʻai ma waena o Iune a me Iulai, e hoʻomaka ana e hāmama i ka Kepakemapa. Mālama kēia ʻano ʻano kolo i nā rodents, nā manu a me kā lākou mau ʻōpio, nā lizards.

Kaʻa wīwī

ʻO ka noho ʻana o kēia mau naʻa mai ka hikina a ʻo Kazakhstan a i Korea me Primorye hema, Kina, Mongolia. He ʻano ʻokoʻa ka wahi o kēia holoholona: mai ka wao i nā wahi kai, ma ka wao nahele, ma nā puʻu kuahiwi, ma nā awāwa muliwai.

I ka meaʻai, makemake nui i nā kīlaha, nā mea rodents. I ka hanana nui o ka pōʻino, hoʻāʻo ka holoholona e pale i nā wahi kūpono no kēia. ʻO kēia mau ʻōlena ovipositing i Iulai i waiho i ka hua manu 4 a 9 a hiki i 9, i loko o kekahi mau hebedoma e hāiki nā maniki mai lākou.

ʻEhā ʻālua nā puʻu ʻehā

He ʻano ʻano nui kēia o ka ʻohana i ka hana hou ʻana:

• hiki aku i ka lōʻihi o 2.6 mika, ʻo ke aniani a 6 mau kenimika,
• ke kala o ka ʻili i hōʻike ʻia ka ʻokoʻa ʻē aʻe: hiki nō ke hala, a me nā pōpoki, ʻulaʻula, ʻoniʻoni, ʻoniʻoni, ʻonanika, ʻo ia ka wā e hiki ke lilo i ʻeleʻele piha,
• ʻoniʻulaʻula a me ʻulaʻula o kekahi mau mea o ke aniani e hāʻawi i ka mālamalama i ka kala,
• ʻākēna ka ʻōpū o nā hua o kēia ʻano, ʻike ʻia nā wahi ma luna o ia mea.

'O ka noho' āina ka pae 'akau a me ka hikina o ko Mediterranean,' 'āina pae' āina 'o Ukraine, Russia, Transcaucasia, Kazakhstan, Iran.

ʻO ka hare, nā mea kīlio ke kamaʻilio ʻana i nā naheka ʻehā kihi ʻehā. ʻO nā manu, kā lākou mau moa a me nā hua i makemake nui ai.

Hoʻo ia mai ʻApelila a ʻOkakopa i ka wā o ke ao. ʻO ka hele ʻana o ka moʻa ka hana a Mei, i ka manawa e hoʻomaka ai nā nahe e nānā i ka wā moe. ʻO ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hāpai ʻia he mau malama ʻelua, hoʻopau ʻia me ka waiho ʻana mai 4 a 6 mau huaʻai ʻokoʻa ma waena o ke kauwela. Hōʻike pinepine nā wahine i ke kuleana ma o ka mālama ʻana i kā lākou masonry a hiki i nā keiki ke kū ʻia me ka hiki ʻana o ka hopena.

Hoʻohana ia i nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole e pale aku ai:

• neʻe wikiwiki
• hiki paha mai i ka laau me ka pohaku ke loaa ma laila,
• hoowahawaha nona
• ka lele ana i ka enemi.

Aia ia ma ka Red Book o nā ʻāina he nui.

Kepanī

Ua ʻike ʻokoʻa maoli kēia ʻano holoholona o ka ʻohana a ua haʻalele kaʻawale ma kahi ʻē aʻe nei. Makemake nā wahi i nā hanana mahana.

Aia ma ka mokupuni o Kunashir (Iapana) nā ʻōpulā mauʻu i nā mauʻu, nā ʻōpala o nā lua, ma nā ʻaoʻao o ka nahele, ma waena o nā pōhaku kokoke i nā kumu e hana ai ka wela, a me nā lua pele. Hoʻoikaika mai ʻApelila a ʻOkakopa. Hoʻomaka e hoʻohālikelike i ka pūnāwai, i ka wā mai ʻAukake a Kepakemapa, e waiho ana 4-8 mau hua. I ka meaʻai, hāʻawi ʻia ka makemake i nā rodents, nā manu a me kā lākou hua.

He kinikini liʻiliʻi na ka ʻāpana Kepani no nā ʻelele o ka ʻohana i wehe ʻē aʻe.

• ua lōʻihi i luna o 0.8 mika,
• ke kūpaʻa ka kala: brownish-hina, ʻulaʻula-hina, ʻulaʻula-brown, ʻonika-ʻoni ʻoni e hiki,
• ʻeleʻele a ʻeleʻele hoʻi ka ʻōpū, a ʻeleʻele paha.
• ʻokoʻa ʻē ka kala o nā ʻōpio i nā holoholona i hoʻokumu ʻia i ka mālamalama: hina-ʻeleʻele, ka melemele me ka hele ʻana o nā wahi ʻeleʻele ma nā ʻāpana dorsal a me nā lateral.

Kaheʻe ʻokeo keʻokeʻo

He hihia maikaʻi loa kēia me nā maka uliuli a me nā leo keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo, ulu iki a emi mai i ʻelua mau mika. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia kona poʻo e kekahi ʻano hoʻohālike o ke ʻano o ka ihe.

E māhele ʻia ma ʻAmelika Hema mai ka ʻaoʻao o Kanada a i ʻAmelika Hema. Hiki iā ia keʻoluʻolu i nā wahi kūlohelohe: nā kahawai kahawai, nā nahele, nā nahele, nā mea kanu ʻole, ka mea i ʻike ʻole ʻia e nā kūlanakauhale. Hāʻawi ʻia ka makemake i ka meaʻai i nā pōpilikia, rodents, nā ʻua a me nā manu ʻē aʻe, nā hua manu, amphibians.

Hiki i ka wahine ke waiho i nā hua he 12-20 ma ka manawa, e hānau ʻia ma hope o 70 lā. Pono ke ʻano o ke kōmike no ke ola o nā pēpē i nā pae o +27 a +29 kiʻekiʻe.

ʻO ka naheka ʻo Keokeo keokeo ʻaʻole he māka ʻona o nā nahesa, akā ua ʻokoʻa i ka kūwaha, ʻoiai inā he mea pōpilikia a he kūlana hopohopo ʻole. Ke ola nei kēia mau ʻīlena maikaʻi a 17 mau makahiki.

ʻO kēia ʻano reptile ua kūpono no ka mālama ʻana i nā poʻe aloha hou.

Hoʻolālā ʻia ʻo Boulanger

Kūleʻa nā ʻelele o kēia ʻano i ka 1 m 30 cm, ʻokoʻa i ka ʻoluʻolu.

Akā pono mai nā lāʻau ma kokoke o nā muliwai a loko paha, a nui ka nui o nā mea kanu ma ka waihona. Hōʻike ʻia ka hana i ka pō.

ʻO ka mea pio o kēia mau naʻa, he poʻe hao, nā manu a me nā holoholona liʻiliʻi. ʻO ka hua hipa e waiho ana i ka nui o 5 a 10 i nā wahine o ka Boulanger Nose Snake e hele a ala koke - mai ʻApelila a Mei.

Ma hope o hoʻokahi mau mahina, hānau ʻia nā cubs a 35 cm lōʻihi, ke kiʻi ʻulaʻula a me nā poki ʻeleʻele ma ke kino.

I ka makahiki mua, loaʻa nā keiki i kahi hina hina me kekahi mau kila kila, a ma hope o hoʻokahi mau makahiki - he ʻōmaʻomaʻo mau.

ʻO nā ʻano a pau a pau e ʻoliʻoli nui i nā noho ola kūlohelohe, hoʻololi koke lākou a hoʻohana i ke kanaka.

Kahaiʻiwa

I mea e ʻoluʻolu ai kēia mau lālā o ka ʻohana kua manawa paʻa i ka noho pio ʻana, ʻo ka terrarium no lākou he nui ka nui o ka nui a loaʻa iā lākou ka maka kuʻuna. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia kēlā me kēia ʻano me kona nui kikoʻī, e like me ke ʻano o ka terrarium i koho.

Wahi a nā makemake a me nā hiʻohiʻona kūlohelohe o kekahi ʻano mea pono ʻole, pono ʻoe e hoʻopiha i ka pahu. I ka hoʻoholoʻana i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka terrarium no ka nahesa, pono ke lawe ʻia ka mau kukui no ka ʻālamalama.

Pono nā kūlana i hoʻopaʻa ʻia:

1. Ma aneane nā hiona āpau e makemake i nā ʻikepili i nā kūlana mahana, no laila, e koi ʻia ke kaona kūpono kūpono ma ka terrarium: mai +28 a +32 tikelī ke ao a i ka manawa +23 a +25 - i ka pō. Me ke kōkua o ka hoʻomehana, pono ia e hōʻoia i nā kūlana ma lalo o kahi kihi e hoʻomehana ʻia ma mua o ka ʻaoʻao.
2. Pono e nānā i ka ea o ka ea, e hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia kēia e ka mua o ka sphagnum, a me ka hoʻohui o ka ea. Ma ka hiki ke hiki i nā ʻōlele a pau ke ʻauʻau, ʻaʻole nui ka ʻulu ʻana e hoʻopaʻa i ka pahu me ka wai, kahi a nā ʻīlio e hiki ai a kau a kau a hoʻoheʻe. Pono e hoʻololi pono ka wai a loaʻa iā ia kahi wela wela. ʻO ka maʻamau, ma ka liʻiliʻi hoʻokahi manawa i ka hebedoma, pono ʻoe e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka terrarium.
3. Hoʻopili ia, i ka terrace no ka noho hoʻomaha ʻana i nā nahe, pono e hoʻolako i nā wahi a me nā mea no ko lākou pale e pono ai, a me ka ʻuʻuku: nā hale, nā lāʻau, nā ʻōpala pua, nā lālā, ka driftwood a me nā mea hou aku.
4. ʻAʻole ʻaeʻawale ʻia ka ʻāina ma ka terrarium, no laila, ka mea manawaleʻa, ke one, ka pepa, ka ʻūpī niu.

Hānai

No ka ʻai ʻana e like me ka meaʻai, aneane nā ʻano like ʻole āpau i kūpono no nā rodents (ʻo nā kiʻi, nā iole, nā pōpoki), nā moa, nā ʻua a me nā manu ʻē aʻe. Hoʻonohonoho ʻia e hānai i nā ʻōnaehana, maikaʻi loa i kēlā me kēia lā. No ka hoʻoikaika i ka pale ʻana, hiki iā ʻoe ke hāʻawi i kēia mau nāmole i nā huaora a me nā minelala, huaʻoki manuahi, a me ka calcium.

Nā hana kūpono

I ka home, ma ka mālama ʻana i nā mea holo, pono ʻoe e hahai i kekahi mau loea i ka mālama mua ʻana i ka wā e mālama ana i kēia mau holoholona:

• hiki iā ʻoe ke kūʻai aku i ka holoholona ma kahi hale kūʻai zoological, akā ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi e hana ai i nā ʻōpio manuahi, eia aʻe ʻoe e ʻike koke i nā hiʻohiʻona o ka mālama holoholona.
• e kōkua ʻia kahi terrarium i koho pono ʻia a paʻa i nā pilikia me nā nalo.
• e mālama i nā kūlana kūpono,
• nā mea i lilo e pili i nā holoholona e like, me ke koena o nā puaa, e hoʻoponopono ʻia e nā loea e loiloi i ke ʻano o nā maka, nā niho, nā mea ʻona, ka hanu, ka hana naʻau a me nā mea kino ʻē aʻe.
• O nā nahesa ʻaʻole pau ʻole nāuhele ʻole, akā ʻo kekahi o lākou i ke kaʻe lohi e hiki ai ke hoʻoulu i kekahi kanaka, ʻālū iā ia a me ka hoʻopīʻī aku i ka mea nona ka ʻōpū a me kona kino ikaika, no laila e pono ʻoe e akahele nui a me ka mālama pono ʻana i nā ʻano holoholona like ʻole.
• ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hānai i nā nahe i nā kalā i hoʻopā ʻia i ka manuahi, e kōkua kēia i ka pale ʻana i nā maʻi nui (no ka laʻana, salmonellosis) hiki ke hoʻokaʻa ʻia e ka ʻai ʻana i nā rodents ola a me nā holoholona ʻē aʻe.
• Hiki i nā mea paʻi ke lawe i nā salmonella a me nā maʻi ʻē aʻe, no laila e holoi pono i kou mau lima ma hope o kēlā me kēia hui e pili ana i kahi kauoha.

Kahi maoli ka ʻokoʻa o nā nahesa he nui, he nui nā mea. He mea ʻona kekahi o lākou, akā, ʻo ka naheka i waena o nā ʻelele o ka ʻohana ka hoʻohālikelike a ʻaʻole i hoʻopiʻi ʻia i ke ola kino a me ke olakino. Akā naʻe, pono e mālama ʻia ka mālama ʻana me lākou, ʻoi aku hoʻi i ka mālama ʻana i ka home, a he mea pono hoʻi e aʻo pehea e hoʻoponopono pono ai i ko lākou helehelena, no ka mea, e kōkua kēia mea e pale aku ai i ka kamaʻilio me nā naʻu ʻawaʻawa.

ʻO ka pālahalaha o ke kraight uliuli.

Uhola ʻia ka poli poli i ka hapa nui o ʻĀsia Hema, ua ʻike ʻia ma ka ʻaoʻao hema o Indochina, pālahalaha ʻia ma Thailand, Java, Sumatra a me Bali hema. Aia kēia ʻano ma nā wahi waena o Vietnam, e noho nei ma Indonesia. ʻAʻole i hōʻoia ʻia ka ʻāpana ma Myanmar a me Singapore, akā ʻo ka hapa ʻia kekahi kraite uliuli i ʻike ʻia ma laila. Ua ʻike ʻia kēia ʻano ma ka pā o ka mokupuni o Pulau Langkawi, ma Kīkēkē, Laos, Malaysia.

ʻO krayt Malaysian (calon Kandus).

Nā hōʻailona kūmole o ke kraight uliuli.

ʻAʻole ka pōpoki polū i ka nahe nui i hoʻohālikelike ʻia i nā kraits kaila ʻeleʻele a me ka ʻeleʻele. ʻO kēia ʻnā ka lōʻihi o ke kino lōʻihi ma mua o 108 cm, ʻo kekahi mau kanaka he 160 cm lōʻihi. ʻO ke kala o ke kua o ke kraite uliuli he ʻeleʻeleʻeleʻele, ʻeleʻele a ʻeleʻele paha. 27-34 mau puka komo ma ke kino a me ka huelo, ua liki ʻia a hoʻopuni ʻia ma nā ʻaoʻao. Hoʻohui pū kekahi o nā apo mua i ka kala me kahi kala ʻeleʻele o ke poʻo. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā poliʻeleʻele e nā kaula ākea ākea, nā melemele-keʻokeʻo e hoʻopuni ana i nā apo ʻeleʻele. Keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo. ʻO ka kumulā uliuli ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo ia nō ka ʻenemi a me ka ʻulaʻula keʻokeʻo. ʻAʻole kahi koʻikoʻi o ke kino o KrautLoaʻa nā unahi dorsal i loaʻa ma 15 mau lālani ma ka kuʻekuʻe, ʻo ka nui o nā mahele he 195-237, ua piha ka pā maʻa a paʻa ʻole, ʻāpana ʻōpala 37-56. ʻAno hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā ʻnika uliuli oloko mai nā ʻalā ʻulaʻula ʻeleʻele a me keʻokeʻo, a me nā pōpō ʻōpio ʻē aʻe o nā ʻano like ʻole e paʻakikī.

ʻO Habitat o ka kraite uliuli.

Noho ka Blue Kraite ma ka pāpū a me ke kuahiwi mauna, aia kekahi mau kānaka ma nā wahi puʻu mai 250 a 300 mau kiʻekiʻe. Kū hou pinepine i ka 1200 mika. Makemake ka Blue Kraite e noho kokoke ma kahi o nā wai wai, loaʻa ma ka nuku o nā kahe mau a me nā mākele, a loaʻa pinepine i nā māla, nā mea kanu, a ma nā kokoke i kahi e paʻa ai kēia kahe. ʻO ka kolohe uliuli ka hopu i ka lua o ka iole a hoʻonohonoho i kahi kolo i loko, e koi ana i ka poʻe rodents e haʻalele i kā lākou pūnana.

ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona o ka hanana o ke kaila polū.

ʻOi loa ka pīpī polū i ka pō, ʻaʻole lākou i makemake i nā wahi ʻulaʻula ʻia, a huki ʻia i ka mālamalama, e uhi ai i ko lākou poʻo me kā lākou huelo. ʻO ka manawa pinepine, ua ʻike ʻia lākou ma waena o 9 a me 11 mau i kēlā me ke ʻano pinepine ʻole i kēia manawa.

ʻAʻole lākou e kaua mua a ʻaʻole e haki ʻole ke ʻole ko lākou hoʻowalewale ʻana i nā kraits. Ma kekahi e ho'āʻo e hopu, ua hoʻāʻo e kraite uliuli, e hana ʻole, akā ʻaʻole lākou i hana pinepine.

I ka pō, ua mākaʻikaʻi ʻia kēia mau nāhelehele e ʻike ʻia, me ka ʻike ʻia e ka nui o nā momi a nā poʻe e hiamoe nei i ka pō ma ka papahele. ʻO ka hopu ʻana i nā krajts uliuli no ka leʻaleʻa he hana hoʻohiwahiwa iki ia, akā, ʻo ka poʻe nāhelehele ʻoihana ʻona e puni a puni ka honua e hana maʻamau. He mea make kolohe ka Porat no laila ʻaʻole pono ʻoe e lawe i nā maʻi e loaʻa ai ka manaʻo no ka huki ʻana i ka nahesa exotic.

ʻO ka ʻono ʻāpono ʻo Blue Kraight.

Hana nā kraits uliuli i kahi mea e hoʻonā ai nā 50 pona ka ikaika ma mua o nā kao cobra. Basically, pili nā pōpoki nahe i ka pō, ke hele hewa ke kanaka i kahi nahesa, a i ka manawa e hoʻonāukiuki ai nā kānaka. Ka lawa momona ma kahi o 0.1 mg no ka kilogram no ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka make i nā kiʻi, e like me nā hōʻike noiʻi ʻana i hōʻike ʻia.

ʻO ka huaʻona o ka kraight uliuli he neurotoxic a hōʻalolo i ka ʻōnaehana o ke kanaka. Aia kekahi hopena hōʻeha i 50% o kēlā mau buke, ka maʻamau 12-24 mau hola ma hope o ke kīpā i loko o ke kahe koko.

I nā kanakolu he mau minuke ma hope o ka lawoʻa ʻana, ʻike ʻia ka ʻeha liʻiliʻi a pehu ʻia ana ma ka pūnaewele o ka lesion, ka pehu, ka luaʻi ʻana, ʻike ʻia ka nāwaliwali, ulu nā myalgia. Hoʻolaha ka hopena o ka huhū, e koi ana i ka hoʻoulu ʻana o ka mīkini, 8 mau hola ma hope o ka pōā. Nā pilikia a lilo ka lōʻihi ma kahi o 96 mau hola.

ʻO nā hopena koʻikoʻi nui loa e hiki ai i ka lawe i ka toxin i loko o ke kino he asphyxiation ma muli o ka paralīpī o nā ʻōpū a me nā nīnū, e hoʻemi ana i ka diaphragm a me ka puʻuwai naʻau. A laila hele mai kahi coma a me ka make o nā pūlima o nā lolo. Ma 50% o nā hihia, he pōkole polū kolohe ka mea make ma hope o ka hoʻohana ʻana o antitoxin.

ʻAʻole i hoʻomohala ʻia kekahi antidote kikoʻī i ka hana o nā mea kolo a ʻulaʻula. Hoʻokomo ʻia ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i ke kākoʻo ʻana i ka hanu a pale i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka pneumonitis aspiration. Ma nā pilikia pōpilikia, hoʻokele nā ​​kauka i kahi antitoxin i kahi mea i hoʻopilikia ʻia e ka maʻi ʻona, ka mea i hoʻohana ʻia no ka ʻaihue ʻawa.

ʻO ke kūlana ʻauhau o nā krai uliuli.

Ua koho ʻia ka Blue Kraight ma muli o nā ʻano he “lahui” ʻē aʻe ma muli o kona laha ākea. ʻO kēia ʻano ʻoki ʻaʻa mea he kālepa, ua kūʻai ʻia nā nahesa no ka ʻai, a ua hana ʻia nā lāʻau mai ko lākou mau kino no ka lāʻau lapaʻau kuʻuna. Ma nā ʻāpana he nui o ka laha ʻāpana, me ka ʻaihue o nā kraits uliuli e pili ana i ka heluna o nā kānaka.

Aia ka hoʻoponopono aupuni ma ke kālepa ʻana i kēia ʻano nahesa i Vietnam. Hiki i nā kiʻi hou aʻe nā hopena maikaʻi loa no nā ʻano, no ka mea ʻaʻohe ʻike pono e pili ana i nā hiʻohiʻona demographic. ʻAʻole ʻike pinepine ʻia kēia ʻano nocturnal a me nā mea huna, a ʻoiai na ka ʻona i hopu ʻia i kekahi mau wahi o kona pā, ʻoi aku hoʻi ma Vietnam, ʻaʻohe ʻikepili e pili ana i kēia kaʻina pili i ka mokuʻāina o nā kānaka.

Ma muli o ka loaʻa pinepine ʻana o ka hana, ʻike ʻia ka kraite uliuli ma loko o ka Red Book o Vietnam. Kuhi ʻia kēia ʻano ʻōlala e loaʻa ai ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo "kaomi ʻoki" i hoʻohana ʻia no nā lāʻau lapaʻau.

Hoʻohana nui ʻia kēia lāʻau lapaʻau i loko o ka lāʻau lapaʻau kuʻuna ʻo Indochina.

Ke Vietnam, ua mālama ʻia ke krayt uliuli e ke kānāwai e hōʻemi i ka luku ʻana i nā nahesa i ka hihiu. Loaʻa nā poʻe nui no ka ʻili nāhelehele a hana i nā ʻoni, e like me nā ʻano kraits ʻē aʻe. ʻO ka nui o ka hopu ʻana i nā kraits uliuli i nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe e pono ai e aʻo hou aku.

Kui ʻia kēia ʻano kuʻuna e ke kānāwai ma Vietnam mai 2006, akā aia wale nō ke kānāwai, akā ʻaʻole ia e pāpā, ke kālepa i kēia ʻano koka. Pono nā noi hou e ʻike i ka nui o ka hopena o ka hopena o ka hoʻoweliweli ʻana i ka lehulehu krate polū. ʻAʻole paha lākou e hana i ka paeʻokoʻa o ka hoʻoili ʻia ʻana o nā ʻano, akā hōʻike wale lākou iā lākou iho i ke kūloko, no ka laʻana, ma Vietnam.

Inā loaʻa ʻoe i kahi hala, e ʻoluʻolu e koho i kahi ʻāpana a me ka pēpē Ctrl + Enter.

No ka ʻūmū ʻāpana polikani (Regina alleni).