ʻOi aku ma mua o kestrel - ka lōʻihi o ke kino 28-33 cm, ke kaumaha o 130-1190 g. Wingspan 75 cm. He ʻeleʻele nā ​​kelele me kahi ʻukā ʻulaʻula a me kahi ʻulaʻula o nā wāwae. Ua maʻalahi ka wahine a me ka cheglock, akā loaʻa pū ia i ka peluhula ma luna o kona mau wāwae, he poʻo ulaula a me ka lei aliʻi māmā. He lei makana nā manu ʻōpio. He mau ʻēheu lōʻihi ka falcon a me nā ʻalihi ʻē aʻe e pili ana i ka huelo. He manu hīmole kēia e makemake nei i ka ʻoihana.

Noho nō ia ma nā ʻūhā, ʻo nā alahele lāʻau, nā ʻāina mākaʻikaʻi a me nā puʻu. ʻAʻole e noho i ka ulu lāʻau.

ʻUʻuku loa ia i nā kolone, e koho maʻamau i nā wahi i noho ai nā koloni mua. Hoʻomaka ka wahine e waiho i nā hua i ka hopena o Mei a i ka hoʻomaka mua o Iune. Hoʻokomo nā mākua ʻelua i nā hua pipi o 3-4 a me nā ʻala ʻulaʻula maleka a me nā peka ʻeleʻele, a hana ʻia ka wahine ma kēia pō a ma mua o ka nānā ʻana o nā moa. Kūleʻa ʻo Chicks ma hope o 28 mau lā. Ma hope o ko lākou hele ʻana i waho, hele ka kāne i ka meaʻai wahine ma ka pūnana, a hāʻawi ʻo ia ia i nā moa. ʻO ka palupalu a maʻalo ʻole paha i make nā lehelehe maʻamau no ka mea hāʻawi ʻia ka meaʻai i kēlā mau pua mea ʻoi aku ka ikaika.

Hoʻohui lākou i nā mea inikua nui (nāhelehele, nā manu, ʻona a me nā ʻāhā.

Ara parrot

Hōʻike manu

ʻO Kobchik kahi pāliki liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi, kahi i ka puʻu a me ke ala o ke ola e like me kahi kestrel, akā heʻokoʻa ia mai ia e nā eheu ʻuʻuku. ʻO ke kino kino o ka manu mai 28 a 33 cm, ʻo ka lōʻihi o nā ʻēheu he 23-35 cm, nā ʻēheu mai 65 a 77 cm, nā paona mai 130 a 197. He pōkole ka palupalu a nāwaliwali.

Kūpono

ʻO ka polū o ka kāne he ʻeleʻele hina-hina (aneane ʻeleʻele) i ke kala me ka poni-hoʻoluʻu ʻōpiopio o ka tummy, ma lalo o ke kaikuʻu a me ka "pants." ʻO ka wahine ʻalani i loko o ke kala me nā kui transverse hina ma ke kua, nā ʻēheu a me ka huelo, ua hoʻonani ʻia kona ʻōpū me nā mottle longitudinal, a ʻo ke ʻano "ʻūpā keokeo" ʻike ʻia kona maka. Hoʻokomo ʻia ka ulu liʻiliʻi i ka waihoʻoluʻu brownish me kahi ʻōpū māmā i uhi ʻia me nā mottle longitudinal. ʻO nā wāwae, waxen a me peri-ocular ring i nā kāne ʻulaʻula a me ʻulaʻula, melemele i nā manu ʻōpio. ʻŌpala keʻokeʻo nā kuku. ʻEleʻele ka iris.

ʻO nā mea ʻai

ʻO nā momi, e like me nā manu manu ʻono, makemake i ka meaʻai holoholona. Eia nō naʻe, ma muli o ko lākou nui ʻokoʻa, ua hāleʻa nui ʻia kēia mau kiʻi liʻiliʻi i nā pepeke nui, e like me nā dragonflies a i ʻole he mau pige. I ko lākou mau wahi hoʻoilo, aia i Africa, e ʻai nui ana nā manu i nā ʻūhini.

Inā, no kekahi kumu, ua kolo aku nā pepeke me nā kīʻaha cobby, hoʻomaka ka manu e ʻimi i lalo o ka rodents. I kēlā mau hihia, hānai nā manu i nā leʻaleʻa ma nā kiʻi, a hoʻohui pū i nā lizards a me nā nakahi liʻiliʻi i kā lākou papaʻai. Eia kekahi, ʻo nā manu liʻiliʻi, a ma nā hihia ʻilihune, ʻo nā manu nui e like me nā pigeons, e lilo i ka waiwai no ka falcon.

ʻO ka huaʻōlelo Latin Latin o ka falcon "vespertinus" ua unuhi ʻia he "ahiahi", akā naʻe, huli ka manu i ka nui i ke ao, i ka lā.

ʻO ka hana hānai ʻana i kahi falcon ʻaʻole wale nō e hoʻopōʻino i nā mea mahiʻai, akā, ma ke ʻano ʻē, kōkua i ka nui o nā mea kanu, no ka mea, he wahi pālule liʻiliʻi e luku nui ai i nā pepeke, pōpala, ʻūlū, a me ka falekele ʻaʻole e ʻae i nā manu e pōkoki i nā mea kanu.

Mālama ʻia nā falcons i ke pio ʻana, a i ka manawa like a lākou e ʻai ai ma nā ʻano like ʻole me nā ʻano manu like ʻole. Ma ka home, ʻoluʻolu nā kāne i ka lilo iā lākou a kokoke i nā ʻāpana like ʻole.

Kahi a lākou e noho ai

ʻO kahi māhele nui o ka falcon ka wao nahele a Eurasia, e hoʻomaka ana mai East Europe a me ka Balkan Peninsula ma ke komohana a hiki i ka ʻaoʻao o ke kahawai ʻo Vilyui, ka muliwai Lena a me ke kahakai o Lake Baikal ma ka hikina. Aia ka hikina i kahi e pili ana i nā falcon liʻiliʻi - Amur leutik falcon.

He mau manu manu nā manu. I ka hoʻoilo, lele lākou i masse ma ke kūkulu hema o ka ʻāina o ʻAmelika, a ma kekahi ʻaoʻao i ke kūkulu hema o ʻAsia. Lawe ʻia ka lele i nā kahuhipa nui, ʻaʻole like me nā ʻelele mau ʻohana o ka ʻohana falcon.

ʻAno kāne pinepine i ka nalo i nā nū manu i ʻole ai i nā manu, a me ka liʻiliʻi i ka hollows, nā niches, a me nā minks. Kūkulu nā manu i nā kolana nui a i luna o 100 mau pālua. Mai nā wahi hoʻoilo ke hoʻi lākou i Mei, a haʻalele loa i ka hoʻomaka o ʻAukake. Hoʻohālikelike ka poʻe keiki hipa like ʻole, ʻoiai ʻo ka wā pili o kā lākou pili ʻana e pili pono ana i ka wā mālama o nā ʻūhini a me nā mea hihiu ʻē aʻe.

Amur or Oriental, Redfin (Falco amurensis)

No ka nui o ka nui a me ke ola, hoʻomanaʻo nā ʻano i kekahi hanana maʻamau, akā e ʻokoʻa mai ka plumage. Hoʻomoʻa ʻia ka Amur kobchik i nā leo māmā, ʻo kona ʻano kūhelena he kīpihi keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo. Pahu keʻokeʻo ka ʻōpū o ka manu, nānā ʻia i ka maka. I nā kāne, ʻāpana keʻokeʻo kahi ʻāpana o nā ʻēheu. He poʻo poʻo hina ke poʻo wahine a me nā ʻōpio a me nā ʻāʻī keʻokeʻo a me nā ʻālio. ʻO nā pua hoʻi ma nā wāwae a ma lalo o ka huelo o ka huelo he keʻokeʻo hoʻi.

Hoʻopalaha ʻia nā ʻano e like me ka inoa ma ka ʻaoʻao ma ʻĀkau (kahika hikina o Kina, hikina ʻUlopa, North Korea). Ma Lūkia, ua loaʻa ka manu ma Transbaikalia, Amur Region a me Primorye. I ka hoʻoilo, e like me kahi falcon maʻamau, ua neʻe ʻo ia i ʻAmelika hema, aʻo nā manu e lele ana ma kahi o 10,000 km.

ʻO ke kumu o ka meaʻai ʻo Amur kobchik o nā iniseti. ʻAno ka manu i ka lāʻau a i ʻole nā ​​pupu. No ke ola, makemake ʻo ia e koho i ke keena ʻoi aku ka palena o nā wahi kiʻekiʻe, kahi ma ke ʻano o ka lele a me ka hiki ke loaʻa ka ʻai.

ʻAne kāne a me ka wahine: nā mea nui loa

Hōʻike ʻia ka dimorphism kiʻi i kahi kelekele i kahi hina hina, aneane he ʻōpala o ke kāne, ʻo kona ʻōpū, hana a me “ʻōlō” ka ʻulaʻula i ka ʻulaʻula. ʻOi aku ka māmā o ka wahine i ka plumage, ʻoneka a me nā kala ʻeleʻele i kona kala, loaʻa nō hoʻi ke kāwili o ke kiʻi ma hope, nā ʻēheu a me ka ʻūhā, a me ka lōʻihi o ka ʻili o ka ʻōpū, ua hoʻonani ʻia ka maka o nā wahine me ka ʻāʻule ʻeleʻele.

ʻAno hānau

Hele mai nā kāne i nā wahi e moe ai, i ka lā Mei, no laila hoʻomaka koke kēia manawa.

E hānai ka wahine mai 3 a 6 mau huaʻai, e ulu ana no kahi manawa he 25 a 28 mau lā. I kēia manawa āpau, ʻaʻole ka wahine i haʻalele i ka puki no ka minute, a mālama ke kāne iā ia a lawe mai i kāna meaʻai. Aia i kēia manawa, ke hāpai nei ka ʻōpiopio wahine i ka hatching hua, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻolohe i ke kani o ke mele o ke hoa kāne, āna e hoʻolaha ai i ka wā o ka ʻimi.

I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o Iulai, ua kū ke kuʻi a nā ʻohana moa holowaki ma ke kuʻi a a hiki i ka waena o ʻAukake ua lele lele lākou a hiki ke loaʻa kūʻokoʻa i kā lākou ʻai ponoʻī. No laila, ma ka manawa o ka neʻe ʻana i ka hale hoʻoilo ma ʻAmelika, ua lilo nā manu ʻōpio i nā lālā piha o ka ʻohana a alakaʻi i ke ola kūʻokoʻa.

Loaʻa ka lōʻihi o ke ola o nā kāne mai ka 12 a 16 mau makahiki, i ke pio, ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o nā manu. No laila, ma ʻAmelika, i kēlā me kēia makahiki, kāʻili ka poʻe kamaʻāina i kekahi mau manu, a no kekahi mau makahiki 'ʻohiʻohi' lākou i kā lākou ʻohana ponoʻī, ʻaʻole ia e hoʻi i kā lākou ʻāina ʻāina a hoʻopakele i nā huaʻai mai ke komo ʻana o ka ʻūhini, nā kiole a me nā manu liʻiliʻi. Kuhi mau kāne "mau hale" i nā makahiki 18.

Nā Kūlana Kūʻai

• Hiki i nā kāne ke hōʻeha i ka heron, ʻaʻole naʻe ka waiwai no ka ʻai, akā wale nō i ka lawe ʻana i ka nalo mai ka himona.
• He manu piliona nā pēpē, noho lākou i nā kolone, nā kāne mālama i nā wahine i ka wā hana. Eia nō naʻe, hiki ke hopu a kāwili i ka moena i kēlā me kēia manawa, koe wale nō ke ʻano o ka wā waiho i ka hua. He hiʻohiʻona maluhia a hōʻoluʻolu ʻia kēia mau kiʻi liʻiliʻi, akā maʻalahi ke ʻano, akā no ka mea ke aloha lākou i ka lele, hiki iā lākou ke lele i ka mea nona. I ka wā kahiko, ua ʻoki ʻia nā ʻēheu no nā kāne kāne no kēia. Eia nō naʻe, nui nā hiʻohiʻona o ka ʻike ʻana i ka poʻe i ʻike ʻia kahi ʻeha ʻeha, mālama iā ia a hoʻokuʻu iā ia, a hoʻi mai ka manu, a me ka manuʻa.
• Lawe nā pīpī i nā kānaka i nā pono he nui. Hoʻopau aku lākou i nā heluna nui o nā māhele manu a me nā mea inikini manuahi, e kōkua ana i ka mālama ʻana i nā mea kanu. Pono maikaʻi nā kāne no ka nui o ka piʻi ʻana i ka nui o nā rodents a me nā pepeke maikaʻi ʻole.
• I kēia manawa, ke emi mau nei ka lehulehu o ka mare o ka wāwae ʻulaʻula. ʻO ke kumu nui nui kēia o nā hoʻomehana ka poʻe e hoʻohālikelike i ka mahina. Hoʻololi ʻia ka palena o ka manu, i ka mea i hoʻopilikia i ko lākou hānai. Kuhi ʻia nā naʻe liʻiliʻi i ka Red Book a koi pono i ka pale koʻikoʻi. I kēia lā ua ʻike nui ʻia lākou i ke ʻano he mea makehewa nui, a hōʻailona ʻia me ke kūlana o "i loko o kahi kūlana i kokoke ʻole ka hoʻoweliweli." I ka nui o nā ʻāina, ua pāpā ʻia ka hopu ʻana i kahi falcon e ke kānāwai.