Holoi nā ʻalā - nā mea hanohano a kupaianaha. He mau kāne pinepine lākou i nā moʻoʻeleʻele a me nā ʻanoʻele, a ke mālama nei lākou i kēia hanohano no nā kenekulia.
Manaʻo ka poʻe e noho ma ʻEkalakia, i ka wā e lele nui ai nā alopeke, hiki mai ka hola o nā ʻikepā. Ma Oskfordshire, ua manaʻoʻiʻo ʻia ua ʻāwili ʻia ka ʻaka ʻekolu i ka hale a puni, he ʻelele ia o ka make. Akā i ka mea maoli, he mau mea nui nā mea hoʻonaninani o ka honua, a he nui nā mea o lākou ke nānā nani.
ʻO nā kuʻuna a me nā noho o nā ʻalopeke lele
ʻO ka manu manu lele, a ʻo ka ʻīlio lele e pili ana i nā ʻōmaʻomaʻo o ka ʻalā, ka ʻohana o nā manu ʻiwi. Nui nā ʻano o nā ʻāpana a, ʻo ka mea mua, pono ʻoe e hoʻomaopopo i ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o lākou a me nā pā.
ʻO ka Externally, ʻo ka muzzle o nā ʻalopela lele e hoʻomanaʻo maoli ana i ka ʻalā, ʻo ka ʻīlio paha, no laila ka inoa o nā ʻano. ʻO nā ʻīlio lele, ʻaʻole like i nā kiʻi, ʻaʻole i ka "radar" kaulana i kōkua iā lākou e holo i ka lewa.
Aia wale nō kekahi mau ʻano o nā ʻalopona, i noho nui ʻia i nā ana, i ʻano ʻano like ʻole e kaomi ʻana - ua kaomi lākou i ko lākou alelo i ka wā o kahi lele, kani mai nā leo mai nā kihi o kahi waha e hamama mau ana.
Ma ke koena, nā manu lele manuahi e alakaʻi ana e ke ʻano o ka ʻala, ka ʻike, a, hiki paha ke hoʻopā. Penei, no ka mea, Holo manuahi indian mau maka nui, akā ʻo ia e lele nui loa i ka pō, ʻaʻole pono ia e hoʻohana i ka echolocation, e noʻonoʻo ana i ka ʻike.
ʻO ka paʻi kiʻi he ʻalaki lele lele India
Eia nō hoʻi, ʻo ka līlio ke hoʻolohe maikaʻi ʻia - ka wahine i maopopo koke i kāna keiki ma ka leo. He nui loa ka noho ʻana o nā ʻalopeke lele lele. He maʻamau lākou i nā subtropics a me nā ʻōpika i ka hikina mai ʻApelika Komohana a i Oceania, a ma ka ʻākau i ka Nile, Southern Iran, Suria a me nā mokupuni o Japan Hapan.
ʻO ko mau ʻāina ʻo Mauritius a me nā kūleʻa Hindustan ko lākou noho ʻana, a he mea maʻamau hoʻi ma North Australia ʻōleʻa ʻōleʻa lele. ^ E Ha yM. Ma muli o ke ākea, nā manu ʻēheu ʻokoʻa nā ʻano loea ʻē aʻe.
ʻO ka nui ka nui o ke kalong - he lōʻihi ka lōʻihi o ke kino a hiki i 40 cm, forearm 22 cm.ʻO kēia ʻano ʻōpiopio ma Filipaina a i nā mokupuni o ka mokupuni o Malay, ʻo ia nō hoʻi ia. lele nui manu.
I loko o ke kiʻi he lele pōkā lele lele
ʻO ka mea ʻē aʻe ka ʻēpū manu kahe manuahi, ʻo kona nui he 6-7 cm, nā ʻēheu 25 cm, e noho ana ma Indochina a me Burma. A ma ke kahawai ʻo Sulawesi ke noho nei ʻo Sulaweski krylan liʻiliʻi, kahi e manaʻo nei nā kamaʻāina kamaʻāina.
Palapala Pilikua Fox
ʻO ka lele nui o nā pokole i nocturnal a i ka twilight. Hoʻopau i ka hana i ke ao. He mea ʻole ka noho ʻole ʻana o nā holoholona lele i nā wahi noho - lele lākou mai kēlā wahi i kēia wahi, e pili ana i kahi i loaʻa ai ka meaʻai.
Hiki i nā ʻano nui he nui ma ka 100 km i kēlā me kēia pō. e ʻimi ana i nā meaʻai. Hiki i ka wahi hānai he 15 km. mai kahi mai o ka la. I kahi mau wahi kahi e hua pinepine ai ka ʻai no nā meaʻai, holo nā holoholona.
Akā ʻo ka hapa pinepine lākou e koho i hoʻokahi lāʻau no lākou iho, a ola ma luna o ia mau makahiki. ʻOiai inā holo nā hua no nā mau hola a puni, lele aku ka ʻalopelo e ʻimi ana i ka meaʻai, akā hoʻi ka "home".
Holo nui ka poʻe nui i ka lā ma loko o nā pūʻulu nui, a hiki i ka 10 tausani. Hiki ke mālama wale ʻia nā mea liʻiliʻi. I ka lā, ke piʻi nei nā mea kani ma lalo o nā lālā lāʻau, ma lalo o nā ea, ma nā lihi o nā ana, e ʻoki ana iā lākou iho i ko lākou mau ʻēheu.
I ka wā wela, e lawelawe ana nā ʻēheu i mea hoʻokalakupua na lākou, a ke milo nei lākou iā lākou a me ka ʻōpū e hoʻonui ai i ke kao wela. Aia nā ʻāpana o nā ʻalopona lele e lele ana i nā pala me nā ʻōuli eucalyptus. Hiki iā lākou ke hoʻonohonoho i nā lā i nā paka.
No ka laʻana, ma ka Botanical Garden ʻo Sydney, aia kekahi o nā kolana kaulana loa. hina ʻeleʻele ulaula. ^ E Ha yM. ʻO kekahi hiʻohiʻona ʻē aʻe o nā pokele i ko lākou hiki ke ʻauʻau.
ʻO ka pika he kiʻi pōkole hina ulaula
Holoi nā ʻalā hiki ke mālama i loko home kūlana. Inā hoʻoholo kūʻai ʻo ʻoe iho me he mea lā holoholona mau ʻēheu, pono ʻoe e hoʻomākaukau iā ia no ka noho hoʻoluʻu ʻoluʻolu i kahi nui.
Ke kūlohelohe nei, hele koke ka ʻalopeke manuahi i kanaka, hāʻawi iā lākou iho i kahi hōʻeha a ʻai mai ka lima o ka hua i manaʻo ʻia. I kekahi mau wahi, lele mai nā ʻalopeke lele me nā kānaka me ka ʻai ʻana i nā huaʻai mai nā māla kanu.
Ma kēia mea, pono i nā kānaka ke hoʻowalewale i nā kīhāpai me nā mea kanu, kahi e hoʻokūkū ai a make ʻole nā ʻīlio lele. Kūkulu kekahi mau wahi o Pakistan i ka lele kime hiona no nā kumu olakino. Ma nā mokupuni kahi i noho ai nā manu lele ʻē ʻia, ua lawe ʻia ka nui o ka hoʻopukapuka ʻana.
Hoʻohana kekahi poʻe i ka ʻai o kēia mau holoholona no ka meaʻai, me ka noʻonoʻo ʻana me ka mea ʻono. Hōʻike kēia mau mea āpau i ka maopopo ʻana o ka ʻīlio lele e noho ana ma nā mokupuni.
Mea ʻai
Ke pau ka hina ʻana, hoʻomaka ka ʻalopona lele lele, a manawa koke ke kāʻili ʻia ʻana a pau a hele aku i kahi e hānai ai. E ʻimi i ka ʻai, hoʻohana ka winger i kāna manaʻo.
ʻO ka meaʻai nui ka hua. ʻO ka hapa nui loa, nā ʻalopeke e like me nā hua ʻala a me nā mea ʻala o ka mango, avocado, papaya, banana a me nā mea kanu ʻē aʻe - e ʻohi lākou i nā hua me nā molars.
Hiki iā lākou ke ʻai i nā hua liʻiliʻi i ka lele, a i ʻole, e waiho kokoke ana iā ia ma ka wāwae hoʻokahi, koho i ka lua a ʻai ʻoe i ka pulp, inu wai wai. ʻAʻole ʻai ʻia ka ʻili o nā manu ʻiwi, akā i hoʻolei ʻia.
Pāʻai liʻiliʻi nā holoholona liʻiliʻi ma ka nectar a me ka hae. ʻO kekahi mau milo lele e ʻai ana i nā pepeke. I nā wahi kahi nui ʻole nā hua, ʻai maoli nā laau. Pīhū ʻia, nā hoʻomaha ʻana o nā manu ʻae a hoʻi hou i kahi o ke ao. Pono ka wai, hiki iā lākou ke inu iā ia ma ka lele. ʻO kekahi manawa inu lākou i ka wai kai, aia kahi mau minima a lākou e pono ai.
ʻO ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana i nā hua hua lāʻau a me ka hoʻopailua ʻana o nā mea kanu he wahi kūpono o ka hopena o nā ʻīlio lele e lele ana ma luna o ka pūnaehana. Akā i kekahi manawa e hōʻeha lākou i ka pōʻino, ka ʻai ʻana i nā hua a pau mai nā lāʻau a me nā māla āpau.
ʻO ka hana a me ka manaʻolana ʻana o kahi ola lele i lele ai
ʻO ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka ʻalopona lele manuahi i ka manawa a hilinaʻi i nā ʻano ʻano a me nā noho maʻamau. No laila ka hānai ʻana o nā Angolan hila o Kamerona i Kepakemapa-Nowemapa, ua ʻike ʻia nā pahu i Pepeluali. Hoʻomaka ka wā hoʻohālikelike o ka lele manu lele ʻana ʻo Initia i Iulai a mau i ʻOkakopa.
I ke kiʻi, ʻo ka ʻōpio lele lele
ʻO Kalongs breed ma Malaki-ʻApelila Hoʻomaka ʻo Mate ma nā wahi o nā diurnals, nā kāne i kēlā me kēia manawa ke koho wahine hou. Hōʻike nā kerubima ma hope o 5-7 mau mahina (ma muli o nā ʻano lāʻau), maʻamau i ke ahiahi. ʻAkuhi loa nā kamaliʻi, me ka lauoho mānoanoa ma ko lākou kua, ʻaʻohe niho, akā me nā puʻupuʻu.
Mālama ka makuahine i ka ʻōpiopio me kāna waiū, me ke ʻole o ke komo ʻana o ke kāne. Hoʻokomo ka wahine i nā alopeke liʻiliʻi ma luna o kahi umauma ma kahi e hānai ai. I ka hala ʻana o 2-3 mau mahina e ulu a bipi a lilo nui loa, ke waiho wale ʻia ʻo ia i ka pō a kali ke kali i kona makuahine.
Hānau ka wahine iā ia no 5 mau mahina. Noho ʻia kekahi manu ʻae liʻiliʻi ma kahi makuahine a hiki i kona ʻewalu mau makahiki. Ma hope o hoʻokahi makahiki, lilo ʻo ia i ke kāne a kūʻokoʻa kūʻokoʻa.
ʻO ke kāne ʻo ka kāne, ʻo ka nui o nā mea hoʻonani e hāʻawi iā ia i loko o ka waihona. Loaʻa nā ʻēheu nunui a pākeke i nā wahi maikaʻi loa ma ka lāʻau no ka hānai, nā wahi kūpono i ka hoʻomaha a koho lākou i kā lākou wahine.
I ka hihiu, lele nā alapine lele e noho ana no 10 mau makahiki, i ka noho pio ʻana, ʻo kēia manawa ua like me ka pālua. I kēia manawa, ua helu nui nā ʻano o nā ʻalopela milo i loko o ka Red Books.
No ka mea, ʻo ka manu lele manuahi leʻaleʻa Australia e kau i ka ʻūhū ma muli o ka nalowale o kona noho. Pokele manuahi Ua komo i loko nō hoʻi Puke ʻula, akā i kēia manawa ua manaʻo kēia mau ʻano he mea paʻa, ua hala ka hoʻonāukiuki ʻana.
Kāleka
ʻO nā ʻalopiha ma loko o nā ʻohana Krylana kahi mākeke nui. ʻO kēia mau holoholona e ʻai i nā pua a me nā huaʻai, ʻoi aku ka pololei, kā lākou wai a me ka pulp. Hoʻoulu ʻo nā alaka i nā laka i hoʻokahi kanahā kenimeri - no ka mauʻu nui ka nui. Loaa ke kiko o kekahi ʻēheu hoʻokahi a hoʻokahi hapa mau mika. Nani ke ʻano o ka kalong Java. Heʻuʻuku liʻiliʻi lākou, ʻo ka ʻili a me nā pepeiao o ka holoholona ka liʻiliʻi.
Nā mea like me nā holoholona ʻē aʻe
ʻO Kalong (ʻo ka manu nui manuahi nui) i waena o nā manu ʻē aʻe he nui loa. ʻEleʻele ke kala o ke kino, ʻulaʻula ke poʻo a me ka ʻāʻī. Ulu ka huluhulu ulu manu ulu ma luna o ke kino.
ʻO Kalong a me ka ʻulaʻula like ʻole e like me nā muzzles wale nō. ʻO kēia mau holoholona ka lohe maikaʻi. ʻO ia ke kōkua iā lākou e loaʻa i ka ʻai kūpono. Hoʻokomo pū ʻia nā pēpē i nā ʻuā: nā hiʻu ʻili a me ke ʻano ikaika i ka pō.
Noho ka ʻōlima manu ma nā holoholona nui ma kahi hoʻokahi. Inā hōʻeha ʻole kekahi i nā holoholona, laila ma laila lākou e noho ai no nā makahiki he nui. Ma mua o ka makemake ʻana o ke kalongs e noho i nā ululāʻau pōpilikia, akā hiki ke ʻike ʻia ma nā kuahiwi, ma kahi kiʻekiʻe a hiki i ka 1,000 mau mika ma luna o ke kai.
Aū holoholona
ʻO ka ʻeke lele lele lele i ka manawa i ka pō o ke ao. Hoʻopili ʻo ia me kona mau wāwae i nā lālā o nā kumulāʻau a hiamoe paha a ke neʻe ʻole nei. Eia kekahi, hiki ke kalong ke noho i kahi hāhā a i ʻole kekā paha, e hoʻopili ana i nā pā i ka wahi ʻole. Hoʻopili ʻo ia i kona kino me nā ʻēheu nui, me he mea lā e peʻe ana i kahi kapa. I kekahi manawa hele a wela ka pōʻaiapuni (i ke kauwela). Akā lele nā holoholona akamai i kā lākou mau eheu nui, e hana ana i ka ʻai no lākou.
I ka pō ʻoi aku ai ka "ʻimi" lele manu lele e hōʻike ana i ko lākou āpau a me ka ulu. Noho pololei ma ka lele, hoʻāʻo ka holoholona e ʻohi i ka hua i ʻike ʻia mai kahi mamao. Akā ma ka maʻamau ʻo nā mea ʻē aʻe e hoʻopili wale i ka lālā lāʻau me kahi wāwae hoʻokahi, a ʻoki wale ke lua i ka hua. ʻO ka mea mua, kau i nā ʻalopona i loko o ko lākou waha, a laila ʻokiʻoki, hānai i ka wai a ʻai i kekahi o ka pulp. ʻO nā koena a pau o ka kuʻuna, e ki lalo ana ka kalong i ka lepo.
Hiki ke kapa ʻia ʻo Krylans i nā mea kōkua a me nā mea kanu manu o ka natura. Ma ka ʻaoʻao hoʻohui, lele ka ʻalopulu i lulu i nā hua. Akā hiki ke kapa ʻia ka maikaʻi ʻole i nā lāʻau lāʻau, a me nā lāʻau āpau holoʻokoʻa.
He pono nā pōmaikaʻi lele
Nā pua kūʻaole i Kalongs i ka makahiki mua (Malaki-ʻApelila). Hāpai ka wahine i ka cub no ʻehiku mau mahina. Ke hānai ʻia ʻo ka pōkope lele i kahi ʻēheu liʻiliʻi, lawe koke ʻo ia me ia no ka mea mua. Ma ke kū hoʻokahi wale nō ka cub (ma kahi a i ʻelua mau malama keu), haʻalele ka makuahine iā ia ma kahi lālā, a lele ʻo ia no ka ʻai.
ʻO ka mea hou loa, ua helu inoa ʻia ka lele lele nui i ka papa inoa ʻĀina IUCN. I kēia manawa, ʻaʻole hae ka ʻēheu o ka ʻēheu mau, akā paʻa. "Flying fox", "kaomi huaʻai", "lele Zorro" - ʻo ia nei nā inoa āpau o kēia mau holoholona mea kanu.
Loaʻa nā ʻēheu o nā ʻēheu i nā niho maoli i ka ʻike maoli, ua ʻili ʻia lākou no ka ʻai ʻana i nā huaʻai a me nā lau. Mahalo nui nā poʻe kuiki kūloko i nā pōlani lele lele, kōkua lākou i nā kānaka. Hoʻokomo ʻo Mice i nā mea kūlohelohe a kanu i nā mea kanu, a ola ka poʻe i ke kūʻai aku ʻana i nā hua, no laila hauʻoli lākou e hālāwai me kēia mau holoholona hānai i kā lākou māla.
Nā holoholona hihiu ma Lūkia
ʻO ka manawa nei, ua loaʻa i ka poʻe Lūkini ka manawa e nānā i ka hāheʻe nui ma ka hōʻike ʻia ʻana o ka Nizhny Novgorod Exotarium. Makemake ka hapa nui o nā poʻe e nānā i kahi holoholona ʻē aʻe. Ma hope o nā mea a pau, ʻo kēia hōʻikeʻike wale nō kahi i hiki ai iā ʻoe e kamaʻilio me ka lele manuahi.
Ma ka exotarium no kalong, hoʻāʻo lākou e hana i nā kūlana ʻoluʻolu ʻoluʻolu no ko lākou noho ʻana. ʻO kahi lumi ākea no ka manawa mua e pono ai e like me kahi nui e hiki ai i ka holoholona ke lele. No laila ua maʻalahi ka maʻalahi o nā limahana o ka exotarium i ke aʻo i ka lele kīloi i ka poʻe, a mālama wale iā ʻoe. Ma kēia manawa, hiki ke ʻike ʻia kahi wahine i kapa ʻia ʻo Tanakh ma ka hōʻikeʻike Nizhny Novgorod, akā hiki koke mai ʻaʻole ʻo ia.
ʻO Habitat a me kahi noho
Loaʻa ka hū manu laha ma nā ululā o ke ao ʻilika o Pilipi a me ʻĀsia Asia. ʻO kā lākou ka laulā mai ka hema mai o Myanmar, Vietnam, Thailand a ma waena o ka Peninsula Malay a Singapore a me Indonesia hoʻi. Noho ka nui o nā ʻīlio lele ma nā kapakai, akā ke piʻi nei kekahi o lākou i kahi kiʻekiʻe o 1000 mika ma luna o ke kai. Noho lākou i nā ʻōpala a i ʻole nā ʻeleʻele e ʻimi ai i nā lāʻau lau nahele ʻole, a me nā pā hohonu.
ʻAno lawehala
ʻO nocturnal mau ʻōlapa lele lele ka mea nui a hiki ke uhi iā lākou ma mua o 40 km ma hoʻokahi pō e ʻimi ai i ka ʻai. ʻO kēia mau mommoli ka manawa nui o ko lākou manawa i ka mālama pilikino a mālama pono. Hoʻohana lākou i ko lākou mau ʻēheu nui e huki i nā wai mai nā loko a puʻu iā ia ma ke kino holoʻokoʻa. Ma muli o ka nui o nā hua i ko lākou mau wahi, e lele ka nui o nā ʻalopeke i nā kolana nui i koina mau tausani. ʻO nā nui o ka colonization e kōkua i nā holoholona e mālama i ka mahana a pale i nā poʻe makaʻu. Eia nō naʻe, hana lākou i mea maʻalahi ma ka poʻe. ʻO nā koloni nui ka hana koʻikoʻi i ka ʻĀina e like me ke kōkua ʻana aku i ka hoʻopuehu ʻana i nā hua ma nā nahele ulu.
ʻO ka kumu o ke ʻano a me ka wehewehe
Kiʻi: Flying Fox
ʻO nā ʻakaʻaka (i kapa ʻia nō hoʻi nā ʻāpana huaʻai) he lālā ia o nā mōmona nui i kapa ʻia ʻo mau ʻōpū. ʻO nā Bats ka hui wale ʻana o ka mammals i hiki ke holo lōʻihi.
Noho nui nā hua ʻalopeke o ka Old World (ʻohana Pteropodidae) i nā nui nui a ʻai i ka hua. No laila, he mau pōpilikia pōpilikia a hiki ʻole ke kau ʻia i loko o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa. E like me nā lewa āpau o nā ʻōpiopio kahiko honua e hoʻohana pono ana i nā ʻike ma mua o ka echolocation no ka hoʻokele.
Wikiō: Flying Fox
Ma waena o nā pteropodid kaulana loa ʻo ka lele manuahi (Pteropus) i loaʻa i nā mokupuni ʻōiwi mai Madagascar a i Australia a me Indonesia. ʻO kēia ka nui o nā kauʻau a pau. ʻO kekahi o nā lālā liʻiliʻi o ka ʻohana e hānai ana i ka polena a me ka nectar mai nā lāʻau hua.
ʻO ka piʻo manu me nā ʻōlelo lōʻihi (Macroglossus) kahi poʻo a me ka lōʻihi o ke kino o 6-7 cm (2.4–8 ʻomita), a he mau ʻēheu paha ma 25 cm (10 mau iniha). Hoʻololi ka kala i ka pteropodids, kekahi ʻulaʻula a i ʻole ka melemele, kekahi mau kapa a i ʻula ʻole ʻia, me ka ʻokoʻa o nā ʻōpū (Rousettus).
Hoʻokomo ʻia nā lālā o ka ʻohana no ke ʻano ʻalopoa manu lele manuahiʻo me nā hua pōkole lele pōkole (Cynopterus). I waena o nā lālā ʻAmelika o ka ʻohana he mau ʻalopona lele me ka epaulet (Epomophorus), ʻo ia nā kāne he mau ʻula ʻākau o ka lauoho ʻulaʻula ma ko lākou poʻohiwi, a me kahi hua manu e lele ana me kahi poʻo hammer (Hypsignathus monstrosus), he mau mākuhila nui a hemo.
ʻAu e noho ai ka ʻeke lele lele?
Kuhi: bat fox
Hiki i nā alalaha mahiko ke hoʻohana i ka hapa nui o nā ʻano heʻena e hāʻawi ai i ka meaʻai, no nā mea ulu lāʻau eucalyptus. Ma ke alo o nā pua e hoʻopō ai a me nā hua kanu, nā ʻeke ʻole me ka kali ʻole e lele i loko o nā kūlanakauhale a me nā kauhale, ʻo ia hoʻi nā kalana ʻoihana waena.
ʻIke maoli nō: Kūpono nā holoholona milo he holoholona holoholona pili, e hana ana i nā perches nui, a i kekahi mau tausani o lākou. He mau ʻāina ʻokoʻa a ʻili nei kahi e hakakā mau ai nā hoa noho ma ko lākou wahi liʻiliʻi.
ʻO nā pūʻulu nui o nā ʻōniʻulu e lele nei i ka hina, e ʻai ana i ka hua, 28 cm ke kiʻekiʻe, ʻaʻole iʻa ʻokoʻa loa ia i nā wahi ākea ma nā kūlanakauhale o Australia, me Melbourne. I kēia mau makahiki i hala aku nei, ua hoʻolōʻihi ʻia ka hoʻonui ʻana o nā wahi meaʻai o ke kūlanakauhale kai hou a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka ʻūlū ma nā hale noho kūloko. ʻO kēia hana kaawale i hoʻopōmaikaʻi ʻia no nā milo lele e kū nei i ka hoʻoweliweli mai ka ʻōhua o ke kūlanakauhale, e like me nā ʻupena a me nā kaula ukiuki, a me ka hoʻoweliweli ʻana mai nā kamaʻāina.
He mea maʻamau ka lele manu lele i nā kahakai a me nā kapakai o ka ʻĀkau o Ausetalia mai Shark Bay ma Western Australia a i Lismore ma New South Wales.ʻIke ʻia ʻo ia ma New Guinea a me Indonesia. ʻO ka nohona kūlohelohe o ka fox lele ulaula e 200 km mai ke kahakai hikina o Australia, mai Bundberg ma Queensland a hiki i Melbourne i Victoria. I ka makahiki 2010, ua ʻike ʻia he mau ʻalopelo manuahi lele hala e noho nei ma kēia mau wahi kuʻuna, ua ʻike ʻia kekahi mau mea hohonu loa i loko o ka ʻāina, no ka laʻana, ma Orange, a i hele pololei i ka hema-komohana, ma ka laʻana, ma Adelaide.
ʻO nā ʻalopeke manu lele liʻiliʻi e pili ana i ka nui ma Australia. Paʻa ʻia lākou i ka laulā nui o nā hale noho ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau a me ka ʻaoʻao hikina o Australia, me Queensland, Northern Territory, Western Australia, New South Wales a me Victoria.
ʻĀnō maopopo iā ʻoe kahi e noho ai ka ʻalopeke maʻe. E ʻike i nā mea e ʻai ai kēia manu lele.
He aha nā mea e ʻai ai ka ʻelele lele.
ʻO ke kiʻi: Giant Flying Fox
Manaʻo ʻia nā pokole i nā pōpoki o nā māla lāʻau huaʻai. Eia naʻe, ʻo kaʻoiaʻiʻo ʻoi aku lākou i ko lākou ʻanoʻano kūlohelohe - nectar a me ka pollen mai ka pua lāʻau i ka lālani, ʻoi aku hoʻi i ka eucalyptus a me nā lāʻau fiku, ʻoiai nā huaʻai a me nā huaʻai i hoʻopau ʻia. Ke hoʻopā ʻia nā ululāʻau, nalowale nā alopeke lele lele i ko lākou kumu aʻai a hoʻoneʻe ʻia i nā wahi ʻē aʻe e like me ke ʻohi.
Nā ʻeleʻele lele hina e ʻele nei - nā pō i ka pua o ka pua a me nā mea hua. ʻIke lākou i kēia mau huahana e hoʻohana i ke ʻano ikaika o ka ʻohu a me nā maka nui kūpono i ke kala ʻana i ka pō. E hoʻi ka pōkole manuahi i nā waiwai like i kēlā me kēia pō a pau a pau. ʻAi ʻokoʻa kā lākou ʻaina, hiki iā lākou ke hānai i nā koena o ka mea kanu kai kūloko, a ma nā wahi kūloko. Hiki iā lākou ke hoʻohana i nā kumuwaiwai hou, me nā hua o nā lāʻau i kanu ʻia, ʻoiai inā pau nā ʻano meaʻai makemake ʻia.
ʻIke maoli nō: Kōkele nā ʻalopelo e holo kohu manu eʻai ai i loko o 20 mau hola o ko lākou wahi e noho ai, akā hiki nō hoʻi ke hele a hiki i 50 mau kilomita e ʻimi ai i nā meaʻai.
ʻOi aku ka lopeke manuahi maikaʻi no ke olakino o nā mea kanu ma ka hoʻolaha ʻana i nā hua a hoʻohemo i nā mea kanu maoli. Ua ʻōlelo aku nā kānaka noiʻi e holo ana ka lele manuahio ma muli o ka nele o ka meaʻai, nā kahe nectar, a i ʻole nā ʻano hanana.
ʻO kēia mau holoholona, e ʻai i nā hua, nā pua, nectar, a me nā aʻa, nā kī nui no nā poll poll o nā mea kanu a hoʻopuehu i nā hua. I ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, hiki iā lākou ke lele i kahi lōʻihi - ma luna o 60 km i hoʻokahi pō - e lawe mai ana i nā hua (a me nā hua kanu) a hōʻiliʻili wale nō i nā hua i ka wā o ka lele. ʻAʻole ola nā huaʻai inā ʻaʻole e hiki i kā lākou mau hua, e hele lōʻihi loa mai nā mea kanu makuahine, a no laila ke hōʻoia nei nā ʻalopona lele i kā lākou puʻe.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o ke ʻano a me nā ʻano hana
ʻO ke kiʻi: Flying Fox i ka Maldives
Ke ulu nui nei nā alaka i ka lulu i nā kūlanakauhale i ka ʻimi i ka meaʻai a me ka wahi e like me ka nalowale o ko lākou wahi kūlohelohe. Hiki i kēia manawa ke pilikia i ka poʻe kamaʻāina ma muli o nā hopohopo e pili ana i ke olakino a me ka pono o ke kahua holika lele e lele nei.
ʻO ka nānā aku o ka hapa nui o ka ʻĀkake ʻArika, nā mākele lele o ke poʻo hina, a i ʻole nā ʻōpū hua ʻai i ʻike pinepine ʻia i ka wā lekiu, e waiho ana i nā pūʻulu nui i nā wahi a lākou e makemake ai i ka pō pōkole a hele i ko lākou wahi punahele punahele. Ma ke ʻano ʻo kahi lele lele i hala ke poʻo hina ka lā a hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma ke kahua o New South Wales, ʻae ʻia ka ʻae e neʻe i nā ʻalā.
ʻIke maoli nō: ʻO ka mea nui e pili ana i ka lele manuahi, ʻo ia ka hona o nā ʻalopela lele kāne i hoʻohana ʻia e kuhikuhi i ko lākou wahi. ʻOiai hiki ke hoʻonāukiuki kēia ʻona i kekahi poʻe, ʻaʻole ia i ka hopena i ke ola o ke kanaka.
Hiki i ka leo ka pilikia ma kahi e moe ai kahi wahi moe lele e noho ana ma kahi e pili ana i ka hale noho a me nā ʻahana a me nā kula. Ke ākea a makaʻu ʻole paha nā alopeke, a laila nui aʻe lākou nā ʻū. ʻO nā kolana ka mea maʻamau ka noisiest i ka hopohopo nui ʻana o nā kānaka, a maluhia hoʻi i ka wā e waiho wale ai lākou.
ʻO ka holo ʻana i nā pōpoki holo lūlū i ka pō ke lele ʻana i kahi mamao lōʻihi e ʻimi ai i ka ʻai. Inā hele kāu hale ma ke ala o nā lele lele lele, hiki i ka litter ke hopena. Hiki i ka luhilahi mai nā holoholona he nui, me ke kau ʻana o nā ʻalopona lele, ma nā hale.
ʻO wai ka ʻōkele lele
ʻO ka holoholona nā ʻohana o nā ʻōpū, nā loea nui o kēia pūʻulu. Ua kapa ʻia nā holoholona mai ka ʻohana o nā manu lele ʻuʻu manu a lele paha i nā ʻīlio lele. ʻO nā ʻakaʻā, kahi ma ke ʻano, he mau leʻalā ke ʻano o nā mammals e hiki ke holo i ka lewa. ʻO ka huina o ka nui o nā ʻelele o nā ʻāpana ʻōpala i hānai i nā pepeke. ʻO kekahi mau karnivorous subspecies e ʻai i ka ʻiʻo o ka rodents a me nā holoholona liʻiliʻi i ka wā o kaʻai. ʻO nā holoholona ʻēheu wale nō holoholona holoholona.
ʻO ka hoʻolālā ʻenehana a me ka hana hou
Kuhi: Ke lele ʻana i ka alopeke i ka lele
Hōʻole ka holo pōpoki wikiwiki. Noho manu nā ʻalopio wahine e lele ana i nā makahiki he ʻelua a ʻekolu paha mau makahiki, a ʻo ka hānai wale nō lākou i hoʻokahi keiki i kēlā me kēia makahiki. Hoʻopau kēia i ka hoʻōla mai ka luku luku ʻana. He mau wahi nui nā kahua kā awelele no ka moe ʻana, hānau ʻana a hānai i nā holoholona ʻōpio. Hiki i nā ʻalopelo manu lele keʻe ʻeleʻele e hala i ka makahiki, akā e ulu mau ka ʻenemi mai Malaki a hiki i Mei, i ka wā e ulu a maikaʻi nā kāne.
Noho ʻo ka wahine hāpai i nā malama ʻeono, a hānau mai nā wahine i hoʻokahi cub i ka manawa mai Kepakemapa a Nowemapa. Hoʻopili ke pēpē i ka ʻōpū o ka makuahine a hoʻopaʻa ʻia no ʻekolu a ʻelima mau pule, a waiho ʻia i ka pō ma ke kahua hoʻomoana. Hoʻi hou nā makuahine i kahi hoʻomoana ma mua o ka wanaʻao, e ʻike i kā lākou mau pahu e hoʻohana ana i nā hōʻailona ʻokoʻa a me nā ʻono nui, a me ka umauma. E hoʻopili nā makuahine i kā lākou eheu a puni nā cubs e pale iā lākou i ka lā a me nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa.
Hoʻopili ʻia nā ʻehā ma hope o ʻelima mau mahina, a ma hope o kekahi hana e lele a puni ke kahua hoʻomoana, lele lākou i ka pō me nā pākeke e ʻai i nā pua a me nā hua. Ua aʻo nā Juveniles e lele i loko o ʻelua mau mahina a lilo i kūʻokoʻa kūʻokoʻa ma hope o ka mahina e hiki mai ana. Hoʻopuka ka wai kūʻokoʻa i nā ulia, a he kiʻekiʻe ke kumukūʻai o ka make ma mua o nā makahiki ʻelua o ke ola.
He aha ke ʻano o ka ʻōlele lele.
ʻO ka muzzle liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi e like me ka ʻīlio a ʻōlio paha, no laila ka holoholona i kona inoa. Ma luna o ke poʻo o nā lauric liʻiliʻi a poʻomanaʻo. ʻO ka like ʻana o nā manu ʻehā me nā ʻalopelo e kū ʻole i ka helehelena wale nō, akā i ka mea a ke ʻimi nei lākou i ka meaʻai, ke hilinaʻi nui nei lākou i ka lohe a me ka nānā maikaʻi.
ʻO nā ʻēheu nunui ākea, nā ʻēheu hoʻonaninani me nā membranes a me ke ola nocturnal e hoʻohālike i nā pā i ka peʻapeʻa, akā ma laila kahi i pau ai nā mea like. Pākuʻi ʻia nā ʻēheu mai ka lima liʻiliʻi i lalo me nā lima ma lalo. ʻO ka hulu milalulu kulu kihi i kūlike ai nā ʻano ʻāpana me kona kino. ʻO ka poli o ka huluhulu keʻokeʻo, hina, ʻeleʻele, ʻulaʻula a me nā kala ʻē aʻe me nā ʻano hiʻohiʻona.
Nā ʻōpū holoholona
ʻO ka nui o ke kino o kekahi mau manu lele e hele ana i ka lōʻihi a hiki i 45 kenimita. ʻO ka paona o ia mau mea nunui i hele ka lā 1-1.5 kg, aʻo ka paona maʻamau no ka kalong e manaʻo ʻia ana ma kahi o 600 gram. ʻO ka nui o nā ʻīlio lele e pili ana i nā ʻano o lākou. ʻO ka holoholona liʻiliʻi loa o kēia ʻano ua ʻike ʻia paha ka 7 cm ke kiʻekiʻe, a ʻo kona mau hoa kia nui a hiki i ka lōʻihi o kahi hapalua mika.
ʻO nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe o nā ʻalopeke lele
Kiʻi hoʻoweliweli
Nui a hewahewa nā mea ʻokoʻa e hiki ai i nā pilikia no ka lele ʻalopalā. ʻO ka nui o nā ʻano like ʻole e pili ana i nā ʻano pilikia e hālāwai ai lākou me nā mea wīwī. Loaʻa kekahi mau holoholona manu e lele ana i ka meaʻai kīʻaha lele e lele ana. ʻO kēia a me nā ʻolua. Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike pinepine i ka hopu ʻia ʻana o nā ʻōpala i ka wā o ka lele. Hiki iā lākou ke hele i ka ʻike ʻole ʻana, ai ka lele ʻana o nā ʻalopona lele e pau, ʻaʻole lākou e hoʻopau ʻia.
ʻO nā mea nui e lele ai i nā ʻalopela lele.
ʻO ka nāhelehele he mea maʻamau i ka nāʻe ʻalopona e hoʻopau i nā hua. Hiki i nā nakahi ke hoʻohui me nā lāʻau a me nā mea kanu e ulu ai nā hua like. Hiki i kēia mau ʻīpili ke hoʻololi i ka nui mai ka liʻiliʻi a i ʻole ka nui. Hoʻohālikelike lākou i kahi pilikia ʻoi loa i nā māla mahana. Ma nā wahi e kūkulu nei i nā alopeke manuahi, maʻamau nā pilikia he nui me ka ʻano o nā naheka.
I kekahi mau wahi, ua ʻike ʻia nā raccoons a me nā weasel e like me ka poʻe e lawe ana i nā alopeke lele lele. Hū pinepine lākou i nā wahi e hiamoe ai nā ʻalopeke lele. Ke kali nei lākou iā lākou ma ka puka a i ʻole puka mai kēia wahi. ʻO ka ʻele, ka mea i kapa ʻia ka tarantulas, hiki ke luku aku i nā mea liʻiliʻi o nā ʻalopeke lele. Ua hōʻike pū ʻia ʻo Minks me nā lele e lele lele ana ma kekahi mau wahi.
Ma nā wahi kahi i noho ai nā ʻalopeke e lele ana ma nā lāʻau, aia kahi hōʻike e hopu ana i nā pōpoki home. ʻAe maʻamau lākou e ʻai i nā alopeke lele lele, akā hiki ke luku iā lākou a pāʻani pū me lākou. I kaʻoiaʻiʻo, ua ʻike ka nui o nā poʻe i lele lākou i nā alopeke ma hope o ko lākou mau puaʻa i lawe aku iā lākou i ka home a i ʻoka ʻia i ke pāʻani me kekahi ma ke alanui.
ʻO nā mea ʻōpiopio nui loa e lele ana i nā pōpoki manu. Ke makaʻu nei ka hapa nui o nā poʻe iā lākou a manaʻo iā lākou i nā mea koʻikoʻi pilikia. Hiki i nā kolone o nā ʻalopela lele e ulu wikiwiki i kahi kumu hou no ka hopohopo. ʻO ka hōʻeha ʻana o ka hoʻolaha ʻana i kahi maʻi mai nā ʻāpiki e hoʻopilikia hoʻi i nā kānaka. Lohe lākou i nā rabies a me nā pilikia olakino ʻē aʻe. E hopohopo hoʻi nā kānaka i nā hopena o ka urine a i nā pōkele o ka ʻalopele lele, no laila ke hoʻonohonoho pinepine nei lākou i nā pahele no nā pōleʻa lele.
Nā Wingspan
ʻO ka laulā o nā ʻēheu paena ʻikepili o nā kalongs nui e lōʻihi mai ka 1.5 a 1,8 mika. Ma nā kamaliʻi liʻiliʻi, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā ʻēheu a he 25 cm a ākea paha. ʻO ka ʻano nui ka mea i he manu liʻiliʻi e lele ana me kahi laulu o ke ana a hiki i hoʻokahi mita me ke kino o ke kino ma kahi o 20 centimeter. Hāʻawi kahi pūʻulu hoʻonoho i hiki i ka mākaukau o nā mākele e lele ma luna o ka pō ma luna o kahi mamao loa, ma nā haneli haneli.
Nā ʻano holoholona
Ma ka huina, ʻoi aku ma mua o 60 mau ʻano o nā ʻalopani lele ʻae like ʻole i kēlā me kēia wahi. Loaʻa i kēlā me kēia ʻano me kona nui a me nā kala e hoʻokaʻawale iā lākou mai kēlā me kēia. ʻO nā nui o nā ʻīlio lele e lele ana mai ka dwarf a i ʻole ka nunui. ʻO ka pupu liʻiliʻi ka pēpē Sulaweski krylan, kahi a ka poʻe kamaʻāina o ka subtropical wahi i manaʻo ai he laki. ʻO ka mea ʻē aʻe, he kalong nui ʻo Java, ʻo ka nui o ka mana e hoʻoweliweli i ka poʻe i ʻike ʻole ʻole i kēia holoholona holoholona.
Nā ʻano kiko hiona lele:
- kanaka nunui (pteropus vampyrus),
- Comorianona (pteropus livestonii),
- ka liʻiliʻi (pteropus hypomelanus),
- ʻĀina (pteropus giganteus),
- ʻikeʻai (pteropus conspicillatus),
- dwarf (pteropus pumilus),
- hina-hina (pteropus poliocephalus),
- Lombok (pteropus lombocensis),
- insula (pteropus insularis),
- masked (pteropus personatus) a me nā meaola he nui ʻē aʻe.
Ke ʻano o ka noho ʻana a me nā ʻano
Kuhi: He aha ke ʻano o ka puʻu lele lele.
Aia kekahi 65 mau ʻalopō lele manu lele i ka honua, a he hapalua paha o lākou e pau i ka hope. Hoʻoweliweli ka lelo pōkoki i nā hoʻoweliweli i ka nalo o ke a me ka hānai no ka nui o kā lākou ʻai a me ka huki holoholona. ʻAʻole kūpono kēia kūlana no nā ecosystem mokupuni a, hope loa no nā poʻe e noho ana ma laila. Nui nō hoʻi nā mea kanu huaola e lele maikaʻi nā alopeke no ka mea ʻai nā momi i kā lākou hua, no laila makemake kekahi mau aupuni i ka nui o ka luku ʻana i nā pōlele lele. I ka makahiki 2015 a me 2016, ma ka mokupuni ʻo Mauritius ma ke Kaiʻula, ua make ke aupuni ma luna o 40,000 mau milo lele e lilo ana i ʻāpana o kahi hoʻolaha luku nui, ʻoiai ʻo kekahi ʻano ʻōiwi, ʻo Pteropus niger ka mea i manaʻo ʻia he mea kīnā i ka pau ʻole.
Ma waho o ke kaona, hōʻiliʻili nā mea hoʻomohala i nā mea kanu e lele ai nā alopeke, no ka mea ke lilo nei nā wahi i ke kahakai i nā ʻāina mahiai a me nā hale noho i ʻole e hoʻomaka ana e hana i ka pulpulu lāʻau. Inā hoʻomau ka luku, e liʻiliʻi nō ka heluna nui a me ka liʻiliʻi o ka pono koho, no ka luku ʻana i kahi noho hoʻoweliweli nui loa i nā ʻano.
Ke kau nei ka hoʻomehana honua ke kau nei i ka lewa o ka lele holo lahilahi. Ma nā lā wela loa, hiki i ka lele lele lele mai ka wela wela, ke ʻano e hōʻailona ai lākou ma ke hoʻopili pū ʻana a me ka holo mālie i ka lāʻau o ka lāʻau i loko o ka pā fluffy. Inā ulu ka wela i ka pūnāwai, a hilinaʻi nui nā keiki i ko lākou makuahine, hiki iā ia ke pepehi i nā hua no kahi makahiki holoʻokoʻa.
Ua hoʻomaka ka papahana kiao manu kelu o Australia i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o Pepeluali 14, 2013, a holo i kēlā me kēia mahina ʻekolu. ʻO kēia ka helu nui loa o nā ʻalopeke manu kulu manu nui i mālama ʻia ma luna o ka ʻāina āpau o nā ʻano. ʻO ke kumu o ka helu census e hōʻoia i ka nānā pono ʻana o ka heluna kanaka e holo nei i nā pōlani lele lele i ka 2013 a me ka mālama i nā wā e hiki mai ana i ka heluna kanaka.
Pokele manuahi
ʻO ka mea ʻoi loa ka nui o nā ʻeke manu lele i manaʻo ʻia he gula kalong gula ʻelele. Kūpono nā poʻe nui i ka pākeke ma ka lōʻihi a hiki i 55 cm, a i loko o ka manamana - 23 sentimita. Kau ʻia ke kaumaha o ke kino ma ke ʻano o ka makahiki a ʻokoʻa mai ka 0.65 a hiki i 1,2 kg. ʻO nā ʻēheu o nā kalongs lehua e pili ana iā 2 mika. ʻO ka kala o ke poʻo me ke kaomi ʻulaʻula, ʻeleʻele ka hulu ma ke kua, me nā hulu keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo.
ʻO ka wahi nui o ka kalong nui ʻo Indochina, akā hiki ke loaʻa i nā ʻīlio lele nui a hiki i ka Big and Small Sunda Islands, ka Pilipilika, Malaysia, Thailand, ʻo Penacia Malacca a ma kekahi mau wahi. Ma ka nui o nā mokupuni nui a liʻiliʻi, ʻo kahi alō lele e lele nei i kahi wao nahele. Ke alakaʻi nei ʻo ia i ke ʻano ola nocturnal, loaʻa iā ia ka meaʻai, ka mea e lilo ana i nā hua ʻōiwi.
ʻ Splelo ʻia
He ʻano hiʻohiʻona ka manu lele o kēia ʻano manu, e aloha ana i ka mea i loaʻa ai ko lākou inoa - he mālamalama mālamalama a puni nā maka e like me nā aniani. ʻO ka hulu ʻeleʻele keʻokeʻo i kahi kala me ka pale kahi o ka melemele a ʻulaʻula paha. ʻO ke kaumaha o nā manu lele ʻae ʻia mai 400 g a 1 kg ka nui me ka nui e like mai 21 a 25 kenimeta. Me nā hana like ʻole, aia nā eheu o kahi ʻīlio lele e kū nei i ka laulā ʻaʻole iʻoi aʻe 1 mika.
Ua pilikino ʻia kēia mau manu manu ʻōpī ma Australia, Papua New Guinea, Indonesia. Makemake ʻo ia e noho i nā wahi ʻōpala nui a i nā lāʻau pawa. Ke waiho nei nā manu i kahi pāʻina pō me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka lā, e hui pū ai i nā ʻohana nui, ka helu ʻana i kekahi mau tausani lehulehu. ʻO nā ʻīlio manu nāu manuahi e ʻai nui ʻia ma nā hua o nā kumula lau, e like me nā fiku, a me nā pua o nā mea kanu myrtle (syzygium, eucalyptus).
ʻĪlio hae ʻōiwi
Hoʻohālikelike ʻia nā Krylans o kēia ʻano me ka ʻulaʻula ulaula a me nā maka nui e hōʻike. Me ka lōʻihi o ke kino e pili ana i 30 cm, ua mau nā ʻēheu mai ka 120 a 140 paha kenimika. ʻO ke koʻikoʻi o ke kino a nā kāne mai ka 1.3 a i ka 1.6 kg, a ʻo ka paona o nā wahine, ʻaʻole iʻoi aku ma mua o 1 kilogram. ʻO ka manu milio Initia kekahi o nā mea kakaikahi o nā manu lele ʻae me nā mana echolocation, ka mea maʻamau a lākou e hoʻohana ai, hilinaʻi nui ʻia i ka ʻike a me ka lohe.
ʻO ka hale ʻaihue lele holo i ka ʻĀina e kū pono ana i ka Penina Hindustan mai Burma (Republic of the Union of Myanmar) ma Sri Lanka, India, Nepal, Pakistan a hiki i Maldives, aia i loko o ka moana India. Makemake nā holoholona i nā wahi swampy a me nā ʻike kai ʻauulu. Ma ke kaiāulu, e noho ana nā kaukani lele i lele i kokoke i nā loko wai no ka mea wela e makemake lākou e ʻau. Hāʻawi ʻia lākou e ka maiʻa, ka pīkī, nā manga a me nā hua ʻē aʻe, a me ka pua nectar a me ka polena. No ka hoʻolakoʻana i ke kino me nā minerala, ʻaihue nā ʻīlio manu ʻē aʻe i inu i ka wai.
Kahiakolihala
ʻO ke koʻikoʻi o ke kino o nā ʻīlio elima mai 600 a 800 g me nā ʻēheo o 1,4 a 1,8 mika. Ke nānā iki nei ka lelo manu e noho nei ma Livingston ma muli o ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi lole hulu ʻulaʻula i hui pū ʻia me nā ʻēheu leathery ʻeleʻele. Noho nā manu ʻēheu Comorian ma nā nahele ulu, kahi e ʻai ai lākou i nā huaʻai e like me ka ficus melemele a me nā hua ʻē aʻe kahi i loaʻa.
Hiki ke loaʻa nā ʻalopeke manu lele i Livingston ma nā mokupuni ʻelua o ka mokupuni ʻo Comoros. ʻO ka nui o nā manu lele manuahi o kēia ʻano ma muli o ka kanu kino ʻana ma kēia wahi ma lalo o nā kanu kanu lāʻau, aia ma ka palena o kahi i pau ai. I ke ʻano o kēia mau holoholona keu a lihi mau ma mua o 1 mau kānaka ua waiho ʻia, no laila ua helu ʻia lākou ma ka Red Book. I mea e mālama ai i nā ʻēheu o Livingston, ua nui ka D. Darrell Wildlife Fund i nā komorika e lele lele ana i Comoros i ka noho pio ʻana.
He ʻōleʻa liʻiliʻi
ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kino o kēlā ʻīlio hāpau mai 18 a 25 cm ka nui o 200 a 500 g, a hiki i nā ʻēheu ka 1,2 mika. Ua uhi ʻia ke kino a me ke poʻo o ka holoholona me ka hulu o ka paila, ke kālā a i ʻole ke keʻokeʻo ma luna o ka ʻōpū a me ka ʻeleʻele ma ke poʻo a i hope. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā ʻīlio lele liʻiliʻi ma Indonesia, Malaysia, Burma, Australia, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Vietnam, Thailand, Maldives a me nā mokupuni ʻo Solomon. ʻO nā huaʻai a pau, nā lau kumulima, nā nectar pua, nā lāʻau lāʻau e mālama iā lākou.
Kāne hiʻohiʻona
ʻAʻole ka nui ka nui o nā ʻano i ka echolocation, no ka mea ke ʻike a lohe lākou. Ke neʻe nei lākou ma ka lewa i ka ʻimi ʻana i nā meaʻai no nā holoholona ʻē aʻe ma muli o ko lākou mau maka nānā, ʻono a me ka lohe. ʻO nā manu milo holoʻokoʻa he mau holoholona mālie, inā ʻaʻole ʻoe e noʻonoʻo i ko lākou makemake e hoʻonoho i nā poʻe ʻōpiopio. I ka wā ʻo ka alakaʻi alakaʻi ʻana, e ʻaka nā ʻīlio manu.
Ke ʻano hanana
Ma hope o kahi pāʻina nui i ka wanaʻao, hoʻi nā pokole manu e hoʻi i ko lākou mau puʻukū, kahi e hoʻihoʻi hou ai lākou ma hope o ka pō ikaika i ke ao holoʻokoʻa. ʻO nā ʻīlio hihiʻo e hiamoe ana i nā pēke i nā lua a i ʻole nā lālā lāʻau. Piʻi lākou i nā lālā ikaika a kau i luna ma kā lākou mau wāwae i luna a hoʻomaha i kēia kūlana. I nā lā anuanu i ka wā e hiamoe ai, ke kau ʻana nā wīwī e lele ana i nā lālā, kāʻei lākou iā lākou iho i mau ʻēheu e like me ka pale, a i ka wā wela ka hoʻohana ʻana iā lākou me he mea he aʻe.
Ma kahi lāʻau hoʻokahi, hiki i nā ʻīlio lele e noho i nā ʻohana no nā makahiki he mau lā a ʻūlū ʻia. Ua makemake kēia mau holoholona i kahi lehulehu nui i ko lākou ʻano, ka noho ʻana o nā ʻalima lele lele i luna i ka 1 mano o hoʻokahi. Inā pono, inā e holo ka hua i loko o ka moku, lele nā manu lele ʻehā no mau mile, akā e hoʻi i kā lākou lāʻau (ceibes, durian a me nā mea ʻano ʻē aʻe). ʻO kekahi manawa ke ke aniani ke lohe ʻoe i nā ʻōkeʻewaʻi o nā mau ʻalopona lele - ʻoi aku kēia mau kāne makua i ka poʻe ʻōpio no ka poʻe kūpono no ka ʻoluʻolu o kahi hoʻomaha.
Ke hoʻokū nei ka ʻaiu, a hele hou nā ʻohana o nā ʻīlio lele e hele ai i ka pō. Ke kākoʻo nei kēia ʻaha pule i kēlā me kēia lā i ke ola o nā pā a me ko lākou kamaʻāina ma ka ulu lāʻau. Ua hoʻoweliweli ka holo ʻana o nā ʻīlio hae i nā mea mahiʻai wale nō, no ka mea hiki iā lākou ke luku i ka kanu āpau āpau o nā ʻano kanu like ʻole me nā mea nui he nui iā lākou e hoʻopilikia ai.
He aha kau e ʻai ai ka ʻōpio lele.
Ua hana manu ʻia nā manu e ʻai i nā hua momona maoli. I kā lākou huli ʻana i ka ʻai, ua kōkua ʻia nā mau ʻalopona e ko lākou ʻano a me ka ʻohu a me ka ʻike. Hōʻikeʻike kēia mau hiʻohiʻona i ke ʻano o ka muzzle: he ihu lōʻihi me nā ihu tubular, nā maka nui a me nā pepeiao liʻiliʻi. ʻO ke aniani o ka hana kūikawā, e ʻaʻī kēia mau holoholona i ka hua, unuhi i nā nectar hua momona mai nā meaʻai a me ka huki i ka ʻiʻo. Kūpono ka meaʻai i nā meaʻai no ka wikiwiki o ka metabolism wikiwiki o nā holika lele.
I ka loaʻa ʻana o ka ʻalopeke lele lele i ka meaʻai, ke ʻokeʻo ia i ka lei a ke koho ʻana i kahi lālā kūpono ma kahi kokoke i ka hua, hoʻopaʻa ʻia kona mau wāwae ma luna. Ke kau ʻoluʻolu nei ma nā lālā, kau ʻo ia i kahi mea leʻaleʻa i ka waha o kekahi o kona mau wāwae wāwae a i ʻole me nā manamana lima e paʻa ana ma nā ʻēheu. Hoʻopili maikaʻi ʻia nā pōpoki manu me nā niho ʻole. Hoʻokomo kahi ʻōlelo ʻōlelo maʻamau me ka papillae i hoʻomōhala maikaʻi iā lākou e inu i nā nectar mai nā hua. ʻO ka ʻai ʻana i nā hua āpau i loaʻa i ka radius koke, holo ka ʻīlio ʻēheu i nā lālā kīkē me nā hua.
I ka pō, hoʻopau kēlā me kēia winger i ka nui o ka meaʻai i pālua ʻelua i kona paona nui, no laila he nui nā kinohi meaʻai i hoʻokahi lā. ʻO ka makemake nui ʻole o nā ʻīlio lele e pōmaikaʻi nui i ka ʻōpio. Hāʻawi lākou i ka helu papahana nui o nā kumulāʻau lāʻau a me nā pua o nā mea kanu like ʻole, no ka mea i ka ʻimi ʻana i ka meaʻai ua lawe lākou i ka pollen ma kā lākou hulu hipa. Kōkua nā manu e lūlū i nā hua kanu ma ka ulu lāʻau - i loko o ka meakanu o kā lākou hoʻōla ʻana, e loaʻa kekahi mau hua i ke aʻa a huli i nā lāʻau hua hou.
ʻO ka pilina a me ka lōʻihi ma vivo
Hiki i ka hiki ke hoʻohālikelike i nā manu lele ʻehā ma kahi o ʻelua makahiki o ko lākou mau makahiki. Ke hoʻomaka nei mai Iulai a hiki i ʻOkakopa, e hoʻomaka nā mea lele lele i ke kaʻina o ka hānau. Ma hope o ka noʻonoʻo ʻana, ma hope o nā lā 130-190 (mau paha ke ʻano o ke ʻano gestational ma muli o nā ʻano), hānau mai kahi wahine i loko o ka wahine. ʻO ka malama mua e ola ana kahe ʻehā mau keiki hou i haʻalele ʻia mai ka makua.
ʻOiai ʻuʻuku ka liʻiliʻi, ua hoʻopili ʻo ia i kona makuahine a hele pū me ia i ka wā e ʻimi ai i ka ʻai ma hope o ka pō. Ma hope o kahi mahina, ma hope o ka ulu ʻana o ke keiki, ua lilo ia i ka paʻakikī no ka wahine e ʻaihue iā ia, a haʻalele ʻo ia i ke ʻā nihi ʻiwi opio. ^ E Ha yM. Aia pū ka pēpē me kona makuahine no ʻeono mahina, ma hope o ka hoʻomaka ʻana i kahi ola kūʻokoʻa. ʻO ke ola o nā ʻalopeke lele lele ʻana he 14 mau makahiki ma vivo.
Hāpai i nā ʻalopona lele
Hiki i nā manu ʻēheu manuahi i loaʻa i loko o nā zoos a i ʻole nā māla botanical. Inā, i ka wā e noho nei i ke kuʻikahi, ʻoi aku ka ola o nā ʻīlio lele e hiki ʻole i ka 15 makahiki, a laila i ka pio, me ka mālama pono, ʻo ka lōʻihi o ka noho ʻana o ka pālua. ʻO nā helehelena nani a me nā huhū maikaʻi i hoʻowalewale i ka lele i nā lehelehe o nā mea aloha o nā holoholona kūlohelohe. I mea e loaʻa ai kahi hale ʻēheu, makemake ʻoe i kahi aviary ākea.
Pili kanaka
Hoʻomaʻamaʻa maikaʻi ka lele manuahi i ka launa pū me nā kānaka inā manaʻo lākou i kahi ʻano lokomaikaʻi ma kā lākou ʻaoʻao. Hiki i kahi krylan ke ʻae iā ia iho e kāʻili ʻia e kahi kanaka i loaʻa iā ia ka makemake. E hauʻoli lākou i ka loaʻa ʻana o nā mea mālama mai nā kānaka, e like me ka maiʻa, nā ʻuala, nā ʻalapona a me nā hua ʻē aʻe. Hiki ke kūleʻa kūlike me ka hoʻouka kaua ʻana i nā manu ʻehā ma nā mea kanu me nā mea kanu kūlohelohe. I kēia hihia, ua ʻeha ka ʻōpū o nā ʻēheu make me ka maʻi pesticides. ʻOi aku ka makemake o nā ʻīlio lele i nā kānaka no ka ʻiʻo, a ʻo kā lākou momona e hoʻohana ʻia no nā lāʻau lapaʻau.
ʻO ka palekana Flying Fox
ʻO ke kiʻi: ʻO Fox Fox Flying Fox
Aia kekahi mau ʻano o nā alopeke manu lele, no ia la, ʻo Marian, ke kanaka nui, ma Mauritius, nā polikika e holo lele ana i Comorian, ma ka Papa Hoʻolālā. Me ka poʻomanaʻo o nā mokulele lele e lele ana a puni ka honua e pono ai nā hoʻolālā mālama ʻepekema ponoʻī e pale i ka nalo o nā biodiversity a me nā hana ʻano.
Ke kōkua i nā lele milo, hiki iā ʻoe ke kanu i nā lāʻau fodder no lākou ma ka pā hale. Ke hana nei i kēia, e hoʻokipa ʻoe i kēia mau momm local i loko o kāu māla a hiki i ke mau hebedoma a ʻo lākou e ʻai ai i nā pua a i ʻole nā hua o ka lāʻau. ʻAi nā lāʻau e lele i nā ʻalopona i nā līlepa ākea, nā palaki palahalaha, a me nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole o ka lāʻau eucalyptus pua. Mālama i nā kumulāʻau hua me ka ʻole e hōʻeha i nā ʻalopeke lele. Mai hoʻāʻo e pale i ka lāʻau hua mai ka lele ʻana i nā ʻalopona ma ka hoʻolei ʻana i kahi ʻupena ma ia. ʻO nā haneli o nā alika e lele ana a me nā holoholona ʻē aʻe e ʻeha a pepehi ʻia i kēlā me kēia makahiki, i hoʻopihapiha ʻia i loko o kahi kahe. Ka mea, hoʻopili i ka upena i kahi i kūkulu ʻia a huki hoʻi e like me ka trampoline. ʻO kahi koho, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻolei i kahi lole malū ma luna o ka lāʻau hua.
Mai hoʻohana lilo i nā mea lahilahi nālon me ka manuahi e hoʻopōʻino i nā manu a me nā holoholona ʻē aʻe, a me ka lele ʻana o nā ʻalopela lele, akā e hoʻohana i kahi mākaʻi ikaika paʻa me nā lua o 40 mm ākea a liʻiliʻi. E ʻike i ke keʻokeʻo ka mesh, ʻaʻohe ʻōmaʻomaʻo, no laila hiki i nā holoholona ke ʻike a pale aku. ʻO kahi pōpō lele e loaʻa wale ana i ke ao e pilikia paha. Pīwī paha ʻo ia, ʻeha a makua keiki paha. Eia nō kekahi, ʻo ka lele ʻana i nā alopeke i pilikia ma waena o ka hopena o Kepakemapa a me Ianuali, he mau wahine a loaʻa nā cubs. No laila, he mea koʻikoʻi ke hana i ka wā e ʻike ai ʻoe i ka holoholona.
Mai hoʻopā i ka holoholona ʻoe iā ʻoe iho, no ka mea, no ka mea e hoʻopiʻi i nā ʻōpio lele i hōʻeha ʻia, e pono ai ke hoʻomaʻamaʻa a me ka ʻike. Inā ka holoholona ma ka papa, hiki iā ia ke uhi iā ia me ka pahu paʻi pepa e hoʻopaʻa ai i ka neʻe i ka wā e kali ana i hiki mai ka lawaiʻa. Pono e hoʻoneʻe ʻole ʻia kahi holoholona liʻiliʻi, a pono e mālama ʻia nā holoholona a me / a i ʻole keiki i ke lele ʻana mai o ka lele manu lele.
Holo manu He palekana ia i ka mālama ʻia a, inā waiho wale ʻia ʻoe, ʻaʻole ia e kau i ka pilikia i nā kānaka a nānā ʻole paha e hōʻino i kāu māla. Ma kahi kokoke o ka hapa o nā ʻano o nā ʻalopona manu e lele nei i kēia manawa. Ke kū nei ka ʻōhule i ka alakaʻi ʻana i nā hoʻoweliweli ʻē aʻe, e komo pū me ka hoʻowalewale a me ka hoʻoweliweli a hōʻeuʻeu, akā ʻo ka mea nui loa ia o ka ʻuʻuku o ka poʻe.