"He iʻa, wahi a lākou e lele!" ... eia kēia e hoʻomaka nei kekahi o nā puke a ka poʻi I. Dmitriev. Aia maoli anei nā mea ola maoli i ko mākou ʻano honua? Ka mea - huli mai! Ua kapa ʻia lāua he iʻa lele lele.
Akā pehea e hiki ai kēia, no ka mea ʻaʻole nā ʻēheu iʻa ?! He ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole i hāʻawi ʻia kēia mau iʻa liʻiliʻi e piʻi a kiʻekiʻe i nā ao, akā no ka ʻano kūikawā o ko lākou kino, hiki iā lākou ke "lele" ma luna o ka ihu o ka wai, a i kekahi manawa. Aia ka loko lele iʻa i ka hui garriform.
He aha ka mea kupanaha e pili ana i ke ʻano o kēia mau iʻa lele.
Ka laulā, ma ka maka mua - ʻaʻole loa. Ke nānā nei i ka iʻa lele, ʻaʻole hiki ke loaʻa nā mea ʻē aʻe no ka "lele" ... a hiki i ka mea i hoʻomāliʻi ʻia kēia mea me kona ʻaoʻao Me ke kōkua ʻana o lākou, e ʻāleʻa ana ka iʻa ma luna o ka wai.
Hoʻomaopopo ʻia ke kino o nā iʻa lele e kala i kahi hue kala-kala. ʻO ka ʻāpana o ka ʻōpū o ke kino e ʻoi aku ka māmā ma mua o ke kua. ʻO ka lateral ("lele") nā pua a i kapa ʻōmaʻomaʻo paha, i kekahi manawa i hoʻohui ʻia e "ka ʻahuʻa" ma ke ʻano o nā wahi liʻiliʻi a i ʻole nā kīwaha. ʻO ke kino o ka iʻa ma 15 a 40 kenimika.
Aia ma hea kahi lele lele e noho nei?
ʻO kēia mau mea kanu i nā mea thermophilic. No laila, hiki ke loaʻa iā lākou ma nā wahi moana o nā tropics a i ʻole subtropics. ʻO ka pae wela kiʻekiʻe no lākou no ka mea he 20 mau kiʻekiʻe ma mua o zero.
ʻO ke ʻano o ka lawaiʻa ʻana i ka iʻa o ka lawaiʻa e manaʻo ʻia ʻo ia ke ʻano o ke kai kūʻai o ka Pākīpika a me Atlantika. Noho lākou i ka wai o ke Kaiʻula, ʻo ke Kai Kūʻai, ʻo Peter the Bay Bay (hema hema o ke Teritori Primorsky), ke English English.
Paʻaʻaʻa
ʻOkoʻa nō ke ʻano o ke ʻano a me ke ʻano o kēia mau iʻa. Ua makemake kekahi e noho i kahakai a me ka wai pāpala i nā manawa a pau o ko lākou ola ʻana, ʻoiai nā lālā ʻē aʻe o kēia ʻano koho i ke kai ākea, e holo kokoke kokoke i nā kapakai e neʻe wale aku. Noho ka iʻa iʻa i loko o nā hui liʻiliʻi - hipa. Ke komo nei ka mālamalama i ka wai i ka pō, aia kēia mau iʻa liʻiliʻi, e “puni ana” iā ia, a no laila hiki ke lilo i ka waiwai maʻalahi.
ʻO kekahi mea kupaianaha paha e pili ana i ke ʻano o kēia mau mea i hoʻokola ʻia ko lākou "lele". He aha kēia hiʻohiʻona, pehea lā ia e hana ai?
Hoʻololi pololei ma lalo o ka wai o ka wai, nā iʻa ākea me ka wikiwiki o ka neʻe i ka manawa he 70, me he mea lā e hiki ke loaʻa. A laila "lele ʻalā" i ka wai a hohola i nā ʻopuna, "mau ʻao" a lele i ka lewa. No laila hiki iā ia ke "lele" ma kahi o ka hapalua mile, a i kekahi manawa ke lele ana ʻo ia a i kahi kiʻekiʻe ma mua o hoʻokahi mika. Eia naʻe, lele ka iʻa i kekahi manawa i ka maka o ka wai me kā lākou huelo, me he mea lā e hoʻihoʻi ana mai ia mea, a lele mai a lele. Pono e hōʻike ʻia kekahi ʻano huakaʻi o ka mokulele: ʻaʻole i ʻoka ʻia ka iʻa, ke alualu ʻole i kahi kuhikuhi i hōʻike ʻia, no laila, aia nā manawa pinepine, i ka hopena o nā ʻano "lele lele", ke lele ʻia ka iʻa ma nā puʻu o nā moku.
ʻO kaʻai ʻana o ka iʻa lele
ʻO ka ʻai no kēia mau iʻa liʻiliʻi he plankton, nā mollusks a me nā ʻano ʻē o nā iʻa ʻē aʻe.
He aha ke kaʻina o ka hoʻoulu ʻana i ka iʻa lele, pehea e hana ai?
I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka wā kiko, hoʻomaka ka mākaʻi e lele i nā pōʻai, ma nā wahi e ulu ai nā algae. No laila aia kahi "helu" hua a me ka waiū. I loko o kēia kaʻina hana, hiki ke ʻike ʻia ka mālama ʻana o ka wai i loko o kahi kaila ʻala.
ʻOiʻoluʻolu nā hua o nā iʻa lele e lele ana i ke kala, ʻo ko lākou ʻokoʻa ākea he 0.5 - 0.8 milimita. Hoʻopili nā iʻa i ka iʻa i ka wā e hiki mai ana i nā "cubs" i nā lau o nā mea kanu i lalo o ke kai, nāʻuheʻe e noho ana, nā manu o ka manu No laila, ua pālahalaha nā hua ma nā wahi lōʻihi.
Hoʻohui ka nui o nā moku māmā wikiwiki loa i nā aerodynamic i nā mea lele lele
ʻO nā ʻale lele lele e makemake ai i nā kānaka?
Ke hoʻohana nei ka poʻe i kēia iʻa i ka kuke ʻana, ʻoi loa i nā loina Japanese a me Inīsia. He kaulana loa nā Caviar o nā iʻa lele, kahi i kapa ʻia ʻo "tobiko" ma ka papa ʻaina Iapana. Hoʻohui ʻia i nā sushi kaulana a me nā ʻōwili.
Inā loaʻa ʻoe i kahi hala, e koho i kahi ʻāpana a me ka paʻi Ctrl + Kākau.
ʻO ka wehewehe a me nā hiʻohiʻona
E lele mai i ka iʻa i ke kiʻi i ka wai a ma luna he mea ʻokoʻa. I ka lewa, hoʻolaha ka holoholona i kāna mau pua. Mai kahi mamao, maʻalahi ka leʻa me ka manu e lele ana i luna o ka wai. I ka wai, ʻoi aku nā pōpoki i ke kino.
ʻO kēia ke hoʻolalelale ʻana iā ia, e ʻae iā ʻoe e wikiwiki wikiwiki i 60 mau hola i kēlā me kēia hola, pono no ka pana ʻana i ka lewa. Hāʻawi ʻia ka hoʻonui ʻia e ka pahu kime, kahi kālā caudal.
Hoʻokahi wale ka ʻāpana i ka nīnau. he aha ke ʻano o ka lele lele ʻana. ^ E Ha yM. ʻO ka ʻano ʻē aʻe o ka helehelena:
- ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kino a hiki i 45 kenimita.
- ʻO ka paona o nā kanaka nui e pili ana i hoʻokahi kilokilo.
- Poloka o hope. E hoʻolilo i ka iʻa i ʻike ʻole ʻia e nā poʻe hoʻohiolo e lele mai ka lani mai, e like me nā manu.
- ʻO ka ʻōpū kuʻuna kālā ke kau nei i ka holoholona i ka manawa e nānā ʻia mai lalo.
- ʻO nā māpala māmā. ʻAʻole ia wale ka nui, akā ke kala wale nō. Loaʻa nā iʻa me ke aniani, nā mea ʻalā, nā aniani, ka uliuli, nā ʻōmaʻomaʻo a me nā pala.
- ʻO kahi poʻo liʻiliʻi me kahi laha blunt.
- ʻO nā ʻēheu o nā kaulahao pectoral a hiki i 50 kenimita.
- Loaʻa nā niho ma nā ʻōpala āpau.
- ʻO nā pua ʻaʻihue nui e hoʻopau ana i ka huelo ʻo ia iho.
Holo lele i ka iʻa ʻēheu 4
Hoʻopilikia iā ia i nā kinohi o nā mākele. ʻO ka kaumaha ka ¼ o ke kino. A i ʻole, mai pale ʻoe a hoʻopili i nā "ʻēheu". Pahu aku i waho o ka wai, ʻaʻole hiki i ka iʻa, me he manu lā, e hoʻololi i kona ala holo. ʻAe kēia i ka poʻe e hōʻiliʻili i ka hopu i ka lewa. Mahalo nui lele ʻai iʻa. ^ E Ha yM. Akā, e pili ana i kēia, i ka paukū hope. I kahi manawa, hoʻomaka mākou e noi i nā ʻano o nā mea lele.
He aha ke ʻano o ka lele lele ʻana.
I ka wai, nā iʻa lele e hana ʻole i nā mea ʻole. ʻO kēia ka iʻa o ka manamana maʻamau o ke kala kala-hina, i kekahi manawa me nā pihi ʻeleʻele kaila. ʻEleʻele ka papaʻu o luna. Hiki i nā peni ke loaʻa kahi kala hoihoi. ʻAʻole like me kahi subspecies, ke aniani lākou, ʻoneki, uliuli, uliuli a me ke kaila.
Makemake wau e ʻike i nā mea āpau
Nui ka poʻe o ka honua o loko o ka wai i lalo o ka wai e pakele ai mai nā mea hoʻopuka, a i ʻole i ka ʻimi ʻia o nā pepeke liʻiliʻi. A ʻo ka poʻe me kēia akamai e hoʻomohala i ka hemolele, kāhea nā mākaʻi i nā iʻa e lele ana. ʻO kēia ka inoa o nā ʻano ʻokoʻa like loa, pili ʻole o kēlā me kēia iʻa, ʻoiai kekahi ʻohana kūikawā - lele lele. Noho nā ʻohana o kēia ʻohana ma nā wahi i kahakai o nā kai a me ke kai.
No ka iʻa 'aviator' kūpono loa, holo ka lele a i hoʻokahi minuke (ʻoiai ka hapa nui - 2-3 mau kekona wale nō), i kēia manawa ke lele aku nei lākou a hiki i 400 m. Ke neʻe nei, e hana ana ka huelo o ka iʻa e like me ke kaila holo liʻiliʻi, e hana ana i ka 60-70 kuʻi i ka lua . ^ E Ha yM. I ka manawa lawe, lawe ka wikiwiki i ka iʻa i 18 mau kekona i kekona! A i kēia manawa ua kaohi aku mai ka iʻa mai ka wai, e piʻi ana i ke kiʻekiʻe o 5-6 m, hohola ʻia kona mau "mau ʻēheu" (pectoral fins), hiki i ka hapalua mika ma ka pae, a e hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka wā, e hoʻolālā ana iā lākou. E kōkua kahi poʻo i ka lele i ka iʻa, a paʻa ka makani pono iā ia. Inā makemake ʻo ia e hoʻihoʻi i ka wikiwiki o ka lau, hoʻomoe ʻo ia i ka nui o ka ʻoi aʻai i ka wai i loko o ka wai a piʻi hou.
Hoʻokomo ʻia ka manaʻo ikaika e ke ʻano o ke kula o hoʻokahi mau manu lele e piʻi ana i ka lewa. Eia kahi e kākau ai ʻo My Reid e pili ana i kēia ma kāna mele i nalowale i ke kai: “ʻAe kupanaha maikaʻi. "ʻAʻole hiki i kekahi ke pale i ka nānā ʻana iā lākou: ʻaʻole pono hoʻi i ka" wolf moana kahiko "e nānā aku ana iā ia ma ke tausani manawa, ʻaʻole hoʻi ke kanaka ʻōpio i ʻike iā ia i ka manawa mua i kona ola." Eia hou kekahi, ua ʻōlelo aku kahi mea kākau moʻolelo: "ʻAʻohe mea i ʻike i loko o ka honua nei e loaʻa i nā ʻenemi he nui e like me ka iʻa lele. A pau ka mea hoʻi, kūʻo ia i ka lewa e pakele ai mai kāna poʻe hahai heʻe nui i ka moana. Akā kapa ʻia kēia "ʻo ka hele ʻana mai ke ahi a i ke ahi." Pōlani mai ka waha o kona mau ʻenemi mau ona - nā mākeke, nā tuna a me nā ʻano pau ʻole o ke kai, hāʻule ʻo ia i loko o ka beak a albatrosses, nā mea palaka a me nā ʻano hoʻomāhele ʻē aʻe o ka lewa. "
Noho aneane nā mea lele lele e lele ana i ka mokulele. Palapala ʻo ka flapping maoli - aia wale nō i ka iʻa wai wai mai ka ʻohana a Wedge-bellied, e noho nei ma ʻAmelika Hema. ʻAʻole lākou e ʻalo, akā lele me ka manu. ʻO kā lākou lōʻihi ka lōʻihi o 10 cm. I ka pōʻino, lele ka wī i ka wai, mai ka wai me ka puʻu nui, ke kū nei i ko lākou mau pectoral lele, lele i luna o 5 m. ʻO ke kaupaona o nā musina e kau ai i nā ʻēheu i ka neʻe ʻana o ka 1/4 o ka nui o ka nui o ka iʻa.
ʻAʻole e like me kahi manu lele lele ai ʻole i ka manu, ʻaʻole hiki i ka iʻa lele lele, ke keʻe nei ke ea i ka lewa. Ua hoʻohana kahiko ʻia kēia mea e kanaka, a i loko o nā ʻāina he nui i lele ʻia nā iʻa e lele nei i ka lele. Ma Oceania, ua hopu ʻia lākou me ka ʻupena ma nā pou ʻekolu ʻekolu mika.
I ka wā kahiko, hiki i ka mullet (e like me ka lele i lele ai, hiki i waho o ka wai) i hoʻopiha ʻia i loko o ke kai Mediterranean ma ke kūkulu ʻana i ke apo o nā lāʻau ʻohe i nā alima. A laila hele maila kekahi waʻa i ka waena o ke kani, a hoʻomāi ʻole ka lawaiʻa ma ia ʻano he leo ʻole. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ke ʻimi nei ka mullet e lanakila ma luna o ke kahe o ka wai, ʻaʻole ka hemo ma lalo o lākou, akā ka lele ʻana. Akā he pōkole nā mea lele mullet. Hoʻohana ʻia e ka walaʻau, lele ka iʻa mai ka wai mai, a ʻole ke lele ʻana i nā waʻa, lele iā lākou.
I ka iʻa lele lele, pōkole nā ʻōpala, a hiki i nā fika pectoral i hiki i nā nui nui, e hoʻomaka me ka lōʻihi o ke kino. Akā, hoʻokokoke loa lākou i nā iwi luna, mai ko lākou mau kūpuna i hehi i ko lākou kumu. Hōʻike ʻia kēia closeness, ka ʻike maoli ʻana i ka pīpī o kekahi mau ʻano (no ka laʻana, he iʻa lele lōʻihi nosed - Fodiator acutus) he elongated ʻōpua haʻahaʻa a ʻokoʻa hoʻi like me ka hele a me nā hapalua. Hiki iā mākou ke haʻi i kēlā me kēia iʻa i ka "half-fish stage" i ka hoʻomohala pilikino.
ʻAʻole mākaʻikaʻi ka poʻe o kēia ʻohana i ka nui. ʻO nā ʻano nui nui loa - ka iʻa lele manu Cheilopogon pennatibarbatus - hiki i ka lōʻihi o ka lōʻihi o 50 cm, a ʻo ka mea liʻiliʻi loa, ʻaʻole iʻoi aku ma mua o 15 cm. ʻO ke kala o ka iʻa lele ka mea maʻamau no ka poʻe noho o ka papa wai o ka moana ākea: ʻo ko lākou kua he uliuli uliuli a he ʻāpana hapa o ke kino he kālā. . ^ E Ha yM. ʻOkoʻa loa nā kala o nā poli pectoral, hiki ke loaʻa i ka monophonic (ʻōwili, uliuli, uliuli a ʻulaʻula), a i ʻole mottled (a ʻae ʻia a i ʻole beled).
Noho ka iʻa iʻa i ka wai o ke kai wela, e hōʻike ana i kahi ʻenehana hoʻohālikelike o ka pae ʻāina. Ua ʻoi aku kēia ʻohana i kahi ʻano he 60, hoʻohui ʻia ma ʻehā mau genera. Mea ʻokoʻa ka manu o ka manu lele o ka iʻa o ka ʻāina Indo-West Pacific, kahi i loaʻa ai he 40 mau ʻano o kēia ʻohana. Ma ke ʻano he 20 mau manu lele lele i loaʻa ma ka ʻaoʻao hikina o ka Pakipika, 16 mau ʻano ma ka moana Atlantika.
Hoʻohālikelike ʻia ka māhele māhele o nā iʻa lele e pili ana i ka wai i kahi mahana ma luna o 20 ° C. Eia nō naʻe, aia ka hapanui o nā mea i loaʻa i nā wahi mahana loa o nā moana me kahi wai iʻoi aku ma mua o 23 ° C. ʻO kahi mākela o ke kai a me nā mokulele, e pili ana i ka hoʻoilo i ka hoʻoilo, ʻike ʻia e nā ʻano liʻiliʻi o nā iʻa lele subtropical, i ʻike ʻia i kekahi manawa i ka 16-18 ° C. I ka manawa mahana, ʻo nā mea hoʻokahi o ka lele e lele nei i kēlā me kēia manawa i kahi mamao ma nā wahi mamao. Ma waho aʻe o ke kapakai o ʻEulopa, ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia lākou ma English Channel a hiki i ke kūkulu hema o Norekulia a me Denmark, a ma ka loko o ka moku he mea nui loa ka Lūkini he nui i loaʻa iā lākou ma ke Kaiwa ʻo Peter ka Nui, kahi i loaʻa ai iā lākou ka lawaiʻa lele Kepani (Cheilopogon doederleinii) i kekahi mau manawa.
ʻO ka hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona o ka iʻa i ka iʻa o ko lākou hiki ke lele, nā mea i hoʻomohala ʻia, maopopo, me kahi mea e hoʻopakele ai mai nā poʻe predator. Hōʻike ʻia kēia mana i nā ʻano like ʻokoʻa i kahi kiʻekiʻe ʻē aʻe. ʻO ka lele o kēlā mau ʻano o nā iʻa e lele ana, he mau pectoral pōkole (i waena o lākou he Fodiator lōʻihi loa, aia nō kekahi), he mea ʻokoʻa loa ia ma mua o nā ʻano lāʻau me nā “ʻēheu lōʻihi”. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka loli ʻana o ka lele i loko o ka ʻohana, ua maopopo ka ʻike ʻana i nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua. ʻO kekahi o lākou i alakaʻi i ka iʻa "lele ʻelua mau ʻēheu", e hoʻohana ana i nā pua pectoral wale i ka wā o ka holo ʻana, a hōʻea lākou i nā nui nui. ʻO kahi mākaʻikaʻi maʻamau o nā iʻa lele "ʻelua mau ʻiwi lele, i kekahi manawa i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka mokulele monoplane, he diptera maʻamau (Exocoetus volitans).
Eia kekahi ʻōleʻa e hōʻike ʻia e nā iʻa lele ʻehā ʻēheʻe ʻehā mau ʻēheu (4 mau genera a me kahi o nā ʻano he 50.) Kahi hoʻohālikelike ʻia nā biplanes. Ke lawe ʻia nei ka lele o kēia iʻa me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ʻelua mau pālaʻi, no ka mea i hoʻonui nui ʻia ʻaʻole wale nō ʻo ka pectoral, akā, ʻo nā ʻae ventralal, ʻoi aku hoʻi, i nā manawa holomua o ka hoʻomohala ʻana, ʻelua mau pālani like me nā wahi like. ʻO nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua i ka neʻe ʻana o ka lele ua alakaʻi i ke ʻano o nā ʻano i hana maikaʻi ʻia i ke ola ma nā papapihi kai. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka hoʻopohapiha i nā "ʻēheu", ʻike ʻia ka lele ʻana i ka lele i ka iʻa o ka caudal fin, ʻo ka ʻāʻī o ke ʻano a me ka ʻōlapa a nui loa ka hoʻohālikelike ʻia i ka mea i luna, i ka hoʻomohala ʻole ʻana o kahi nui ʻauʻau kai nui, e hoʻomau ana ma lalo o ka māla i ka huelo. , a me nā hiʻohiʻona ʻē aʻe.
ʻO ka mokulele o nā iʻa lele he ʻehā ʻēheʻe ʻia a hiki i ka nui o ka nui a me ka lōʻihi. Ke hoʻomohala nei i kahi wikiwiki nui i loko o ka wai, lele ka iʻa a ka i lalo o ke kai a no kekahi manawa (i kekahi manawa ʻaʻole lōʻihi) mau kaila me ia me ka palahalaha pectoral, hoʻoulu wikiwiki i ka neʻe o ka hoʻōla nui o ka pahu o lalo o ka puʻu caudal i hoʻolilo ʻia i ka wai. ʻOiai e noho ana i ka wai, hiki i ka iʻa lele lele ana i ka wikiwiki e like me 30 km / h, a ma luna o ka papa e piʻi ana i 60-65 km / h. A laila ua haʻalele ka iʻa mai ka wai a me ka wehe ʻana i nā ʻala ventral, hoʻolālā ma luna o kona alo.
I kekahi mau manawa, lele ka lawaiʻa i nā manawa i lele a me kā lākou huelo e hoʻopili ai me ka wai a, ma o ke hoʻolalelale ʻana, loaʻa iā lākou ka wikiwiki. ʻO ka nui o kēlā mau pā e hiki ke piʻi i ʻekolu a i ʻehā, a ma kēia hihia, ke hoʻonui nui ʻana o ka lele, ʻo ke ʻano hoʻi. ʻO ka pinepine, ʻo ka lele ka iʻa i loko o ka lele no ka ʻole ma mua o 10 s a lele i kahi mau ʻumi mau mika i kēia manawa, akā ke ʻano pinepine nei ka lōʻihi o ka lele a me ka 30 s, a ʻo kona huakaʻi hoʻi he 200 a hiki i 400 m. Aia ka pae i nā kūlana hau, ʻoiai ma mua o kahi makani ikaika a i ʻole nalu nā ʻūhū lele e lele ana i ka iʻa lōʻihi a noho lōʻihi i ka lele.
He nui nā lawaiʻa a me nā mākaʻikaʻi i nānā i ka lele iʻa mai ka puʻu o ka moku, i ʻōlelo ʻia he "ʻike maopopo ʻo ia i ka iʻa e lele ana i kona mau ʻēheu ma ke ʻano like ʻole he manu a manu paha." ʻO ka mea maoli, ʻo nā "mau 'manu lele o nā iʻa lele i ka wā o ka lele e mālama nei i kahi kūlana holoʻokoʻa a hana ʻole i ka neʻe ʻana a i ʻole nā lele. ʻO ka wehe wale o ka nānā o nā loina i hiki ke hoʻololi ke hoʻololi i kēia, a ke ʻae kēia i ka iʻa e hoʻololi iki i ke ala o ka lele. ʻO ka haʻalulu ʻana o nā pua, nā mea e ʻike ʻia e nā mea ʻike maka, ʻaʻole ia ke kumu o ka lele, akā ʻo kona hopena. I wehewehe ʻia ia e ka neʻe ʻana o nā mea i kuala pololei, ʻoi aku ka ikaika i kēlā mau manawa ke hoʻomau nei ka iʻa, ke i ka lewa, e hoʻomau nei e hana i ka wai me kāna hāmeʻa hope.
Mālama ka loko o nā iʻa i ka hipa i loko o nā hipa liʻiliʻi, e hoʻopili, e like me ke kānāwai, a i hoʻokahi poʻe kaukani. Aia kēia mau holoholona i nā iʻa kokoke i pili i nā ʻano like ʻole. Hoʻopili pinepine ʻia nā ʻohana pilikino i loko o nā kula nui, a ma nā wahi hānai i kekahi manawa i hoʻokumu ʻia aʻe ai nā manaʻo nui o ka iʻa e lele ana, nā ʻano o nā kula he nui.
ʻO ka hopena kūpono e pili ana i ka māmā he ʻano hiʻohiʻona o ka lele lele (a me nā argillaceous ʻē aʻe).I ka pō, ʻike ʻia nā iʻa e lele ana e nā kumu wai kūlohelohe (no ka laʻana, nā kukui moku, a me nā mālamalama kūikawā hoʻi e hoʻohana ʻia ai ka iʻa. ʻO ka maʻamau lākou ke lele aku i kahi kumu kukui ma luna o ka wai, e pani pinepine ana i ka ʻaoʻao o ka moku, a hoʻomalu mālie lūlū paha i kahi kukui me nā pectoral kūpono.
ʻAi nā manu a pau e ʻai ana i nā holoholona planktonic e noho ana i ka ʻili o ka papaki, ʻo ka nui o nā mea kanu liʻiliʻi a me nā palahalaha ʻē aʻe, me nā hua manu. Ma ka manawa like, ʻo ka lele lele iʻa ʻo lākou iho e mālama i ka meaʻai nui no ka nui o nā iʻa e kū nei i ka moana (coryphene, tuna, a pēlā aku) a me nā lawaiʻa a me ke kai.
Hoʻololi like ka ʻano o nā mea iʻa i nā iʻa me nā kahakai. Aia nā ʻano ʻē a loaʻa wale nō ma kahi kokoke i nā one, hiki i kekahi ke hele i ke kai ākea, akā no ka hoʻoulu ʻana ke hoʻi hou lākou i kahakai, ʻoiai ke noho mau nei ka poʻe i ke kai. ʻO ke kumu nui no kēia hoʻokaʻawale ʻana nā ʻokoʻa like no nā kūlana spawning. Hoʻokomo ʻia nā honu puaʻa ma kahakai o kā lākou hua, nā mea hoʻopili like me nā ʻili like thread, ma ka algae pili i lalo a e hamo ana paha ma ka ʻaoʻao. Ma waho o ke kapakai o Kyushu, no ka laʻana, ke kāohi ʻana i ka iʻa o ka Kepani e lele ana i ke kauwela kauwela. I kēia manawa, hiki i nā kula nui o ka lawaiʻa e piʻi ana i kahakai i nā ahiahi i nā wahi i loaʻa ai ka mauʻu algae, a hōʻuluʻulu i ka pō ma lalo o ka hohonu ma kahi o ka 10 m. I ka wā e kolo ai, hana nā iʻa lele e lele i nā neʻe ma luna o nā algae me kā lākou mau pectoral hāmama, hoʻokuʻu i nā hua a me ka waiū. I ka manawa like, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka wai ma ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo-ʻōmaʻomaʻo no nā ʻumi mau mita.
ʻO ka lawaiʻa e lele ana i ka moana ke hoʻohana i ka liʻiliʻi o ka mākaʻi liʻiliʻi i loaʻa i nā mea i loaʻa i loko o ke kai: nā “kū” āpau o ke kumu kahakai (ka lawe ʻana i nā algae, nā lālā a me nā hua o nā mea kanu, nā niu), nā hulu manu, a me nā siphonophores-sailfish (Velella ) e noho ana ma ka wai o ka wai. ʻO ka lele mau "dipterous" (genus Exocoetus) ka nui o nā hua manu e nalowale ana i ka puka o ka outormows trailed.
ʻO ka iʻa ʻo ka manu he mea ʻono maikaʻi a hoʻohana ikaika ʻia i kekahi mau wahi o ka makana a me nā subtropical strip. No ka ʻai ʻia e pili ana i kēia wahi, ʻike ʻia nā iʻa ma aneane o nā ʻāina āpau, a ma kekahi mau wahi i loaʻa ka lawaiʻa kūikawā, maʻamau e hana ʻia e nā ʻano hana loea.
Ma nā mokupuni ʻo Polenekia, ua hopu ʻia nā iʻa lele e lawe ana me nā mea pili, e ʻoki a me nā ʻupena, nā mea ʻono e lawaiʻa nei i nā iʻa i ka pō me ka mālamalama o nā kukui a i ʻole nā kukui. Ma ka ʻōlelo hope loa, lele nā māka lele i loko o ka ʻupena o ka ʻili. Ma nā mokupuni ʻo Filipina, ua hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻano he nui, ka ʻupena a me nā kai keu no ka lele ʻana i ka iʻa, a hana pinepine ʻia ka lawaiʻa me ka “pen”, i kekahi mau waʻa kūikawā e hoʻoweliweli i ka iʻa a e kāʻili iā ia i nā ʻupena. Ke hele nui nei kekahi lawaiʻa nui ma India. Ma laila he mea nui i ka wā o ka lawaiʻa ʻana o ka iʻa e hoʻohana ana i nā kahua spawning kūlohelohe (ma ke ʻano o nā pua i kau ʻia ma hope o kahi waʻa), kahi i kuki ʻia ai nā iʻa caviar-tagging, a laila hopu ʻia nā ʻupena.
ʻO ka hopu ʻia o ka iʻa ua hopu ʻia ma Kina, Vietnam, Indonesia (ma laila, i ka lawaiʻa ʻana i ka lawaiʻa i ka iʻa ponoʻī, ʻohi nō hoʻi lākou i kā lākou hua moa i kau ʻia ma nā lau o kai, ʻo nā mokupuni o ka Caribbean a me nā wahi ʻē aʻe. ʻO ka lawaiʻa koʻikoʻi me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ala lawaiʻa hou (nane drift, purse seines, etc.) i Iapana. ʻO ka hopu ʻana i ka iʻa e lele ana ma kēia ʻāina he ʻoi aku ma mua o ka hapa o kā lākou hopu honua.
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