ʻAno a me ke ʻano. ^ E Ha yM. ʻOi ka nui o ka nui ma mua o ka gull hina. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kino 46-51 cm, ke kaupaona 600–900 g, nā pihi 125-1128 cm He ʻano ikaika ʻo ia, he manu nui hoʻi ma mua o ka puʻupuʻu, akā ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o kahi nui. ʻO nā beak ʻāpana he ʻelua i kaha nui, e like me ka gull nui, ua pālahalaha kona mau ʻēheu. ʻO ka huakaʻi lahilahi ka like ʻana me ka lele ʻana o kahi puʻupuʻu nui me nā ʻēheu ikaika, akā naʻe i nā ʻēheu e lele ana i ka lewa, kahi mau kekeʻe i manawa. Me nā makani ikaika ma luna o ke kai, ua ʻike lōʻihi kēia mau paule, a ua like ka lele me ka lele o ke kīleʻa. I ka wā holo i kahi mokulele huki, e like me ke kānāwai, hoʻohaʻahaʻa i nā hulu manu nui i ʻoi aku ka nui o ka skuas pōkole a lōʻihi paha ka lōʻihi. I nā manu ʻōpiopio, ua hūʻū ʻia nā hulu manu huluhulu lōʻihi a komo iki i loko (i ka skuas, kuhikuhi ʻia lākou). Aia he elphs: he maʻamau ke kukui, ʻeleʻele ka hiʻona (5-10%).

ʻO keʻano. ^ E Ha yM. Ma kahi mamao loa, ʻano like me ke kuahiwi nui, eia naʻe, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka nui, he poʻo a nui ke poʻo a ʻoi ka pōkole, a ma nā puka āpau e hōʻike mai ana i nā māla keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo ma ke kumu o nā hulu manu nui. Hoʻohana iki ka lawe ʻana i ka meaʻai mai nā manu ʻē aʻe ma mua o nā Skuas, hoʻopau koke i ka hoʻouka ʻana. I ka manawa like, hopu wale ia i nā manu ʻoi aku ka nui (a hiki i ka nui o kahi ʻūhā ʻeleʻeleʻeleʻele). I nā manu ʻōiwi elemakule māmā, aia ke kapa ʻeleʻeleʻeleʻele ma ke poʻo, ka lalo haʻahaʻa e pehu ana ma lalo o nā maka. Aia nā pipi a me ke kua ʻāʻī. ʻO nā hulu o ka maneʻeleʻele e holo ana ma waena o ka pahu i nā palena māmā liʻiliʻi. ʻOkoʻa nā ʻaoʻao ʻeleʻele me kahi ʻōpū keʻokeʻo. ʻO nā uhi ākea o lalo, ko lalo e kaʻi, nā hulu axillary a me underwig. Aia ma luna o ka ʻēheu, nā ʻāpana keʻokeʻo o nā hulu hulu i hoʻokumu ʻia ke kula palaka ma kahi ʻano ʻōpiopio keʻokeʻo. Aia ma lalo iho nā kumu keʻokeʻo o nā hulu ʻiwi hulu i kahi lepa keʻokeʻo; ai kekahi manawa ke nānā leʻa ma kahi o nā ʻāpana nui. ʻEleʻele nā ​​wāwae, ʻeleʻele nā ​​manamana lima a me nā membrane.

ʻO ka hapa nui o nā ʻōpio (ma ka pūnana a me ka hoʻoilo no ka hoʻoilo) manu ka nui o ka plumage brown, me nā wahi transverse i lalo a ma luna. ʻO ka manu kekahi mau manu ʻokoʻa a i ʻole ʻeleʻele ia, akā ʻokoʻa iki ka hoʻohanohano o kēia ʻano ma mua o nā skuas pōkole a līlī paha. He māmā nā wāwae, ʻulaʻula-hina, nā pepeiao o nā manamana lima a me nā membrane. ʻO ka beak ikaika ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo māmā, me kahi mea ʻeleʻele ʻē aʻe, e like me ka beak o kahi burgomaster ʻōpio. I nā skuas ka'ōlō, he hoʻohālikelike ʻole ia i ka beak, me kahi hopena ʻeleʻele iki me ka nui ʻole o ka hōʻailona, ​​a me ka ʻeleʻele i kekahi manawa i ke waena o ka beak. Ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka mākaukau keʻokeʻo maʻamau ma ka kumu o nā hulu hulu, he nui nā skuas opio ma luna o ka ʻae i lalo o ka ehe i ke kekona, i like me ke kahua mālamalama, nā ʻano i hoʻokumu ʻia e nā kumu kukui o nā hulu manu e uhi nui ana. Ke ʻike nei ʻoe i kahi manu mai kahi mamao, ʻo kēia "pālua" kekahi o nā hiʻohiʻona nui e hiki ai i ke ʻano ke nānā aku i kahi helu ʻōpio mai nā kūlima pōkole loa.

ʻO kekahi mau māmā skuas pōkole kekahi mau sākena e like me ke kahua ākea i uhi i ka hulu o ka ʻēheu, akā ʻaʻole i hōʻike ʻia e like me ka ʻōlinea. ʻO ke poʻo o ke keiki ʻōpio skuaʻeleʻele he keʻokeʻo, ʻaʻohe leole e ʻoi aku, e like me ka lākahi. He māmā ka mea e mālama ai, me nā keʻokeʻo ʻeleʻele a me ke keʻokeʻo. ʻO ka poʻomanaʻo ka ʻeleʻeleʻeleʻele, nā hulu o ka suprahung i loaʻa i nā palena ʻulaʻula. Me nā skuas pōkole pōkole, nā skuas ʻōpiopio ʻōpio ma luna o ka ʻēheu mai ʻekolu ʻewalu mau pihi keʻokeʻo o nā ʻulu hulu mua. ʻAʻole e like me nā pōkole pōkole, nā ʻeleʻele o nā hulu hulu o ka skuas waena, he ʻeleʻele-ʻulaʻula, ʻaʻohe palena palena ʻole, a i ʻole nā ​​palena palena ʻole. Loaʻa ka skuas opio i ka palena ʻokoʻa i nā kihi o nā hulu hulu. Ueleʻele nā ​​hulu o ka huelo, me kahi kumu māmā. Pulu iki ka hulu o ka huluhulu ma waena o ka kihi o ka huelo, ʻaʻole e ʻike ʻia mai kahi mamao aku. ʻO kaʻeleʻeleʻeleʻele ka pōpoki māmā, ʻoi aku ka māmā o ka lalo, me kahi hina hina. He poʻo hina ka beak me kahi pōʻele. He kukui uliuli nā wāwae.

Manaʻo ʻokoʻa loa. I nā kolone e hana ana i nā kani leo kiʻekiʻe, nā mele ʻana, a me ke kāhea ʻolelo hoʻi a haʻahaʻa.keke-kek-kekMe ka hopohopo.

Ke Kūlana ʻokoʻa. ^ E Ha yM. Hāpai ka uhi hōʻiliʻili o nā kuʻuna Arctic o Eurasia a me ʻAmelika ʻAmelika; i ka ʻāpana ʻEulopa, aia ia i loko o kahi uahi puʻu mai ka Penikini Kanin a ma ʻō aʻe o ka hikina. Ma waho o ka manawa hana nui, alakaʻi nui ia i ke ʻano kai moana a paʻa loa i ka lele mai kahi kai mai, ʻike ʻia a hiki i nā kahakai o South Africa a me Australia.

Ke noho maʻamau. ^ E Ha yM. ʻO ka pale maoli a me ka ikaika e pale aku i kona ʻāina mai nā skuas a mai nā mea wānana, ʻoiai ke kūʻē ka poʻe iā ia. ʻAe ke kāne i ka wahine manaʻo me nā lele hōʻike hōʻike ma luna o ke ākea hoʻomana. Hoʻonui ka mānoanoa o nā wahi noho me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka nui o nā lemmings. Hoʻokūkū pū ka kāne a me ka wahine i kahi pūnana, ʻo ia ka mea liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi me ka lula ʻole. I loko o ia mea, ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, ʻelua mau hua liʻiliʻi, he ʻeha pinepine a i ʻole 1 a me 3 paha, me nā kumu ʻeleʻele a i ʻole he kiʻi ʻulaʻula paha ma kahi lālā lāʻau. Mālama lākou i kā lākou hua i ka mahina o Iune; ʻo ka lōʻihi o 25ubi i loko o ka lā. Hāpai nā mākua a hānai i nā moa. Noho nui nā kahu ma ka puʻu no hoʻokahi hebedoma, hoʻomaka e lele i ka makahiki o 4-5 mau pule.

I ka manawa nīnū, e hānai nui ʻia i nā rodents liʻiliʻi, ʻoi loa nā lemmings a me nā voles. Ka kūleʻa o nā kūleʻa pili ʻana i ka helu o nā lemmings. Ka hopu ʻana, i ke kaʻawale ʻana mai kēlā kiʻekiʻe i ke koʻi tundra, a i ʻole e ʻimi ana i ka mea i lele ma ka lele. Hoʻopili i nā rodents, ʻo ka meaʻai e komo ai i nā manu liʻiliʻi, nā hua, nā iʻa, nā anisona a me ka kalima. Ma waho o ka manawa hana nui, ʻai nui ʻo ia ma nā iʻa, mai kēlā manawa kēia manawa e kiʻi ai i nā manu ʻē aʻe.

SkuasʻO ka ʻenekia Stercorarius)

Keʻano o ka skuas

Ke ulu nui nei nā skuas o South Polar i ka lōʻihi o 55 cm. He 10 cm aʻa ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o nā skuas nui, ka mea maʻamau i nā wahi pili i ka Antarctic.

ʻO nā eheu o nā holoholona i nīnau ʻia he 135 cm.ʻO ke kaaka o ka manu, ikaika a kū i ka hope me nā kihi o nā maka. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia nā pua i ka waihoʻoluʻu ʻeleʻele, he ʻeleʻele a me kahi lau brownish.

Aia kekahi ʻōuli e pili ana i ka hina i ke poʻo a me ka umauma, a he ʻeleʻele uliuli i ka kino o luna. Eia kekahi, kekahi o nā ʻelele o ka skuas South Polar o ka ʻalani a ʻulaʻula. ʻO nā moa o kēia mau manu he mau ʻulaʻula-hina, i kekahi manawa me kahi ʻulaʻula pua o nā hulu ma ko lākou kua. Hana ʻia i nā pīpī i ke kauwela.

ʻO nā Skuas ka manuahi ʻalā.

ʻO ka lāʻau ʻua a me ka hoʻonaʻauao

Ma hope o ka wā e hoʻopaʻa ai, hoʻoilo ʻia ka hoʻoilo. I ka lā Malaki-ʻApelila, hoʻomaka nā manu e haʻalele i kā lākou koloni. ʻĀlima ma ke kūkulu ʻākau. Hōʻalo nā manu o ka manu i ka eulepola a loaʻa iā lākou iho ma kahi mahana. Maanei, ʻimi ʻo South Polar skuas i nā wahi ʻoluʻolu a hoʻopau i nā mahina ʻeono i ka hoʻoilo ma nā wahi ʻākau o ka Pākīpika a me ka Moana ʻAmelika. Ke lele nei ʻo Skuas i kēia manawa ma nā Mokupuni o Kuril, Newfoundland a me nā wahi ʻē aʻe o kēia mau ana.

He manu kēia manu no ka moana.

Ua makemake ʻia kekahi mau koloni o kēia mau manu i ka hoʻoilo ma kahi o ko lākou aloha aloha ʻo Antarctic. Ka lele ʻana, lele lākou i kahakai ʻo ʻAlepika Hema, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka South Tropic. I kēia mau wahi, ke kali nei nā manu i ke hoʻoilo.

Hoʻomaʻa aku ka polima skuas hema i ka iʻa. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole ʻike kēia mau manu i ka peʻe, no laila ʻaʻole lākou e hiki ke hopu. Hoʻokomoʻo Skuas i ka powa - lawe ia i nā iʻa mai nā manu ʻē aʻe. I kekahi manawa hopu i ka iʻa e kahe ma ka pūlea loa.

ʻO ka pilina a me ka lōʻihi

Aia nā kahua huna lāʻau Skuas ma Antartika a me nā mokupuni e hoʻopuni ana i ka mokulele. ʻO nā wahi punahele o ka skuas o ka Polar o ka Hema e: ʻo ʻAilana South Orkney, nā Mokupuni ʻo Shetland Hūlani, nā mokupuni ma ke kahakai ʻo Ross, ke kai aliʻi Queen Maud a me nā kaikuahine ʻo Princess Ragnhill. ʻIke ʻia nā kolana Skuas ma nā kapakai o ke kaikuahine a Princess Martha's Shore.

I ka wā ulu, lele nā ​​kāne i nā wahi hoʻopiʻi. A laila hui nā wahine. He monogamous ʻo Skuas, hana nā kāne no ke ola. Ke pili nei i nā pāʻani i ke ʻano he ʻōpio wale nō. Hoʻākoakoa ka poʻe ʻōpiopio o ka skuas o South Polar kokoke i nā wahi huna e hoʻokaʻawale ʻia a ʻelua. ʻO nā kolepa Skuas ka maʻamau o nā manu he ʻumi. Aia ka pae o kēlā me kēia pālua ma kahi lōʻihi o 20-30 mau mika mai kekahi mai kekahi. Wehe nā manu i kahi kūpono ma ka ʻāina a hana i kahi lua liʻiliʻi - ʻo ia ka pūnana skuas.

Noho a Skuas i kahi makahiki he 40 mau makahiki.

Hoʻomaka nā wahine wahine i kā lākou hua ma ka hopena o Nowemapa a ua hoʻomau kēia hana a hiki i kā Dekemaba. ʻElua mau hua he ʻelua; ʻo ka wahine skuas e waiho iā lākou i ka manawa o ʻelua lā. Mālama ka makuahine a me ka makuakāne i ka hua ʻoki i nā hua. I ka lua o ka mahina o Ianuali, ua hānau ʻia nā keikika mua - he mau ʻōpū liʻiliʻu kēia o ka popo i ke kaupaʻa a hiki i ka 70 gram. I nā mahina ʻelua, ulu nui nā ʻōpio i ka wā ʻelemakule.

Ma hope o ʻelua mau malama, lawe ka ʻōpio i ka ʻēheu a hoʻomaka i ko lākou ola kūʻokoʻa. Puberty i ka poʻe'ōpio ke hele nei i nā makahiki 6-7. ʻO ka skuas Polima Hema i loko o ke ʻano kūlohelohe hiki ke ola a hiki i 40 mau makahiki.

Inā loaʻa ʻoe i kahi hala, e koho i kahi ʻāpana a me ka paʻi Ctrl + Kākau.

ʻO keʻano a me ka noho o ka skuas

Lalo ʻole a Medium skua no ka ʻohana skuas. He manu ʻolua kēia: no kona pili ʻana, koho ia i nā wahi i ka tuna hiʻo Arctic, aia kahi kokoke i ka Arctic Ocean, ma kona ʻaoʻao.

Ma waho aʻe o ka makemake i ka Arctic, ʻoluʻolu wale nō ʻo ia i ke aniani o nā kahawai, ʻoi aku ka makemake e noho kokoke i nā kahakai o ka moana. Hāʻawi ʻia ma ʻEulopa, ʻAsia a me ʻAmelika ʻAmelika. He nui ka nui o ka manu. No laila, no ka laʻana, ʻoi aku ka nui o kahi skua awelika ma ka Atlantika nui skua.

ʻOiaʻiʻo, ua ʻoi aku ka nui o ka mea pihi kālā ma mua o ka nui. Akā ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi i ka muliwai a i ʻole ka wai a loko. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kino o ka skuas kiʻekiʻe ka piʻi i 78 cm, a ua loaʻa nā ʻēheu i ka 127 cm. I ka manawa like, ʻoi aku ka paona o ka manu ma mua o ka kilogram. He kua ānuʻu ʻeleʻele ke kua o hope o ka manu, akā he hulu o ka uhi wale ʻana ma ka ʻāʻī, ke poʻo a me ka ʻōpū.

ʻO kahi kiʻi nui he skua nui

Ke keʻokeʻo loa ka ʻōpū a me ka umauma, akā ua ʻeleʻele ke poʻo me nā kiʻi melemele. Akā ʻo Skua e lilo i kanaka nani loa i ka wā ʻelemakule loa, pena ke pena like ʻia ka poʻe ʻōpio. Holo kēia manu, ma ka manawa pinepine, ma ka laina pololei, paʻu ʻana i nā ʻēheu nui. ʻAʻole e hoʻowalewale ʻo Skuas, ua hoʻokō ʻia kā lākou lele holo ʻana me ke kōkua o ka nalo ʻana, akā nalu ka hohonu.

I ka manawa like, hiki i ka skuas ke hana i nā maneuvers hanohano ma ke kiʻekiʻe. Pono kekahi e nānā i kēia manu ʻē aʻe me ka meaʻai i loko o kāna pua, ʻoiai ke lele koke nei kāna lele ʻana i ka kuhikuhi, a lele koke ka sku i ka manu e koho i ka mea ʻā. Hiki iā ia ke hoʻololi kūleʻa i ke kuhikuhi, pale a nānā i ke alo i lalo.

Paʻa ikaika nō kēia manu i ka ʻauʻau. Ke ʻauʻau, hele ke kino kokoke i ke kiko ma luna o ka wai. Ma ka honua, loaʻa ʻo ia i ka maikaʻi, no ka mea, ʻo ka hele ʻo ia ma ka ʻāina ʻaʻole ia he pilikia. ʻO ka hoihoi manu skua ʻaʻole "kamaʻilio" ma ia manawa, ʻaʻole makemakeʻo ia e hoʻōki ʻole. Eia nō naʻe, i loko o kāna kiʻi kaua ua loaʻa na puʻu leo ​​ʻole loa.

I ka manawa pinepine, ʻo kēia mea aloha o nā lā anuanu nā hopena roulades i ka wā o ka moena. ʻOiaʻiʻo, hiki ke kapa ʻia kēia mau inoa nasal me nā ʻōpio me ka paʻakikī nui, akā ʻaʻole kēia e hopohopo nui i ka manu. Hāʻawi ʻo ia i kāna mau mele i ka wā o ka lele, a inā ʻoe e mele ma ka ʻāina, a laila hoʻomaikaʻi nui ke mele ma kona umauma a hāpai i kona mau ʻūhā - no ka nani nui.

I ke kiʻi, ua hoʻomākaukau ka skua e oli

Inā ʻike ka manu i ka pōʻino, e lūlū i kona mau hoahānau e pili ana i ka kani pōkole me ka haʻahaʻa, akā, ke piʻi mai nei ka skua, kani nui kona kani a haʻalulu. ʻO nā moa moa, a hiki i ka wā i ʻelemakule ai hiki ke hana wale i nā pī.

He ʻano Kolua me ka noho ʻana

ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻo ka mea nui, ʻoi aku ka makemake o ka skua i ka ʻauʻau hau. He kupaianaha kupaianaha ʻo ia a hiki ke noho i nā nalu o nā ʻōpū lau no ka manawa lōʻihi. Inā makemake ʻo ia i ka haki, noho nui ʻo ia ma luna o ka neʻe o ke kai (hoʻomaikaʻi i nā membran ma kona mau wāwae, ʻoluʻolu ʻo ia e hōʻoluʻolu ma luna o ka wai), honu, a laila kū hou.

ʻAʻole makemake ʻo Skua i nā hui nui. Makemake ʻo ia e alakaʻi i kahi nohona kūʻokoʻa. ʻAʻole hopohopo kēia manu me ka pili pono - ʻaʻole i ʻimi pinepine nā skuas iā lākou iho, ka mea pinepine lākou i lawe wale i kekahi manu.

Kiʻi manu skuas

A i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā manu e hoʻopili i kā lākou hua, e ʻike like nā ʻano skuas e like me ka pirate. E lele wale ʻo ia i loko o ka pūnana a hoʻoiho i nā huahelehele a i ʻole nā ​​ʻuʻī mai laila, mai nā kamaliʻi ʻōpua, ʻaʻohe mau loea. He mau ʻano nui nā Skuas, a ʻano pākahi maoli kēlā me kēia ʻano pili iā ia iho. O kahi laʻana, skuas ʻoi aku ma mua o nā mea ʻē aʻe, e hoʻouka ʻia i nā terns, kittiwakes a make nā pau.

Ke makemake nei kekahi hoa i ka hema-polar e kūʻē i nā mea a me nā penguins. Aia i koe skuas, he kupaianaha ʻo ia no ka loaʻa o kahi huelo lōʻihi. Aia kekahi mau ʻano ʻē aʻe i loaʻa kā lākou ʻano ponoʻī o ka helehelena, noho a me ke ʻano.

Eia nō naʻe, ua ʻōlelo ʻia nā mea skuas a pau, a ʻaʻole hiki i kēia mea ke kau wale i kona kuhi hewa. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia ʻo Skuas ma luna o ka hohonu o ka moana, ʻo kēia mau manu e alakaʻi i ke ʻano ola. A āpau mai nā ʻike a ke ʻimi nei i nā wahi i kahi e nui ai nā iʻa.

Skuas

ʻOiai he mea maʻamau ka noʻonoʻo i nā skuas e like me ka pirate kai, akā, ʻo ka hapa nui o kāna meaʻai i loko o ka lemmings. ʻO lākou ka 80% o nā mea āpau e hoʻokele ai ka manu. Eia kekahi, inā nui nā lemmings, ʻaʻole lele nā ​​skuas i ka lele aku, kokoke lākou nei a hānai aku i kēia mau rodents. Hele maikaʻi i ka pāʻina awakea a me nā mahina ʻai.

ʻAe, ʻaʻole hoʻopau nā skuas i nā kō ma nā penguin a me nā mea huki maikaʻi. Akā maikaʻi lākou e ʻai i nā iʻa a me nā manu liʻiliʻi. ʻAʻohe picky ʻo Skuas e pili ana i ka meaʻai. Inā pau ka hāʻuleʻai, hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa kahi a me nā meaʻala, e like me pterostichi. Inā i nā wā lele, ʻaʻohe mea kūpono, ʻai ka skuas i ka kalima.

ʻO kēia manawa, ua ʻike kēia mau manu i ka nui o nā meaʻai ma kahi kokoke i kekahi kanaka, no laila hiki ke mālama pinepine ʻia lākou e pili ana i ka mahiʻai lawaiʻa a i ʻole nā ​​holoholona holoholona. ʻAʻole lākou makemake i nā wahi iʻa ma luna o nā moku lawaiʻa. ʻO ka mahalo lā, i nā mokū, ʻo kēia mau manu e makemake loa i ka hopu ʻana i nā iʻa lele, ʻaʻole hoʻi lākou e ʻimi no ka laʻa, lele ke pio.

Manaʻo

ʻOiai e like me ka manu lepe. ʻO ka hōʻailona nui i ka wā o ka hoʻāhewa ʻana, lele hōʻike, intradpecific conflict he ʻano o ka leo melalic non-melodic, kahi i unuhi ʻia "heheeeheeeeeheeehehehehehehe" a i ʻole "." Holo ka manu e kū ana i ka ʻāina i ka wā hoʻōho e hōloʻe i kona mau ʻēheu e hoʻolalelale ana i kona umauma, aʻo ka lewa e aniani ana, e hoʻolalelale ana, "ahukulula", ke kō ʻana o nā ʻēheu i hāpai aʻe ma luna o ka mokulele. Ke hopohopo nei, e hoʻopuka ʻia ka "gecko" haʻalulu a i ʻole "wii-wiff", a hōʻeha i nā mea ʻulaʻula a me nā mea hoʻolale i ka ʻāina me ka leo nui "ana-ya-ya-ya ..." a i ʻole "wa-wa-wa-wa-wa ...". ʻO nā moa lele lele e hana i kahi pīpī palupalu, haʻalulu.

Nā kikowaena waena

ʻO nā kumulima manu skuas maʻamau, akā naʻe, ʻaʻole lākou e hana i kekahi wahi koʻikoʻi o ka pā.I nā wahi polū o Rūsia, ua ʻike maopopo ʻia nā wahi e pili ana i ka manu o kēia manu ma ka ʻĀkau nui o Novaya Zemlya, ʻo Franz Josef Land, Yamal, Taimyr, nā Mokupuni ʻo Novosibirsk, ma ka Chrlu-Indigir interfluve, ma Wrangel Island a me Chukotka ma ka hikina o Chaun Bay. Hoʻomaopopo kekahi poʻe kākau ʻōlelo i nā ʻuhane manu i nā mokupuni ʻo Commander, akā mau kumuhana ʻē aʻe i kēia kuhihewa ʻana, me ka noʻonoʻo ʻana he kānalua. I ka hemisepohana komohana, ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā wahi i ʻike ʻia ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau o Alaska, nā mokupuni o ka ʻāina kaʻona o Kanada Arctic, a me ke Komohana Greenland. He ʻano maʻamau ke ʻano o ke ola no ka manu ma ka ʻimi ʻana i ka hoʻokele rodent - no kēia manawa ke ʻike ʻia lākou i kahi mamao aku ma nā palena o nā wahi e pili ana i ka pā.

ʻO ka hoʻoilo hoʻoilo

Ma waho o ka wā hoʻoulu, skuas e noho manawa i ka moana ākea. Ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka manaʻo o ka nui o kēia mau manu ma luna o nā pua wai nui i nā iʻa. - i nā wahi i hui pū ʻia ai ka wai hohonu me nā wai anuanu. Aia ma ka Atlantika, aia kēia mau wahi i ka wā ma waena o ka 60 a me 10 a me nā ʻokoʻa: mai ke kahakai o ʻAmelika waena ma waena o Florida a me Venezuela komohana o 60 ° W. e., mai ke kahakai o Aferika ma ke Kaina ʻo Bengal, ʻoi loa ia ma ke kaona o kona kāwili ʻia me nā haʻalulu kuʻina Guinean a me Canary. Ua ʻike ʻia nā wahi liʻiliʻi o ka hoʻoilo ma ke Komohana komohana a i ka hikina o Italia. Ma ka Moana Pakipika, ua helu i ka nui o nā manu ma ke kai ʻo Bering, me ke anuanu Peruvian i kēia manawa mai ka ʻaoʻao komohana o ʻAmelika Hema, i ka wai ma waena o New Guinea a me ke kahakai hikina o Australia. Ma ke Kai ʻEiwa, ʻo ka ʻike nui ʻana o nā manu ma ke Kaiulani o Aden a me Oman, a me ka ʻaoʻao kahakai o ʻAmelika hema a me ka eku ana. I ka neʻe ʻana, noho pinepine ʻo ia ma kahakai o ke kai, ʻoi aku ka neʻe o uka i uka, kahi i loaʻa ai i nā wahi ʻano, no ka laʻana, ma ka hema Siberia, Central Asia a me nā ʻāpana Black Black-Caspian.

Hoʻaiho

Hōʻike ka ʻike i ke kaʻina ʻana o nā skuas i ka ʻāina nui, i ka wā hoʻoulu ʻia, ke waiho nei ma loko o ke kahawai ʻoi aku ka moss-lichen a me Arctic tundra. Noho ia i nā ʻāpana like ʻole o ka tundra, akā pālahalaha ʻole - me ka ʻole o nā kahawai, nā kahe i lalo a me nā hiʻohiʻona ʻāina ʻē aʻe, a me ka hala ʻole o ka puʻu mauʻu. Ma ka mokupuni ʻo Wrangel, koho ʻo ia i nā wahi maloʻo a kiʻekiʻe hoʻi. Ma ke kūkulu ʻākau-komohana o Lūkia, he mea maʻamau ka noho ʻana i nā wahi māla i ka ʻūhā o ka palupulu, sedge-moss, shrub-moss tundra, sedge marshes, nā awāwa wai, nā hopohopo o nā ʻōpū wai. ʻO nā biotopes like nō kekahi ʻano hiʻohiʻona o nā kahawai o Khroma a me Indigirka. Ma nā palena lalo o ka Lena, Khatanga a me Yamal, e makemake ʻo ia i ka tundra moss-lichen i nā awāwa ākea.

ʻO nā ʻano nui o nā skuas, kahi noho ʻole

ʻO kahi pūʻulu nui o kēia mau Charadriiformes i kēia lā he ʻewalu mau mea ola. Akā ʻo ka loaʻa hou ʻana o nā skuas i nā wahi a puni ka honua, e nui aku ana lākou.

ʻAʻole naʻe i hoʻoholo i nā ʻepekema ʻoiai inā e hoʻohua iā lākou i Charadriiformes a i ʻole naʻe, e hōʻiliʻili ai. He aha ka mea e hoʻohui i nā skuas a pau? Ke makemake nei lākou i ka wai kai a me ka moana wai, ʻaʻole lākou e ola ma nā wai wai hou.

ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona o ka hiʻohiʻona o skuas

ʻO ka mea hoihoi loa o nā skuas i ko lākou beak. I uhi ʻia e ka hiako, kūlou i lalo, palalike ʻia ma luna a hoʻonui ʻia i ka hopena. ʻO kahi skuas he pōkole pōkole. ʻOi aku ka lōʻihi. Akā pololei loa nā kānaka āpau i ia ʻano kaila like ʻole. He nui ka aʻe, ʻike maopopo a ʻike ʻia i ka hopena o ka beak.

He lōʻihi a lōʻihi hoʻi nā ʻēheu o Skua i nā kihi, a ʻo ka huelo, no ka lōʻihi ʻē aʻe i nā ʻano ʻokoʻa like ʻole, he 12 mau hulu.

Hiki i ka kala o nā hulu i ka skuas ka mea like loa. Mai nā nondescript hina i ke hau-keʻokeʻo me kahi pāpale ʻeleʻele ma kona poʻo. Akā i ka wā molting a i ka wā hana, ʻaʻole e loli iki ka kala o nā manu.

He aha hoihoi no nā skua i ke lele

Puka aku ʻo Skuas a ʻauʻau, a hele hoʻi ma ka ʻāina, ʻoiai nā ʻūmaʻi a palupalu nāwaliwali, maikaʻi loa. Akā ka mea nui o kēia manu ka ea mokulele. ʻO nā skuas āpau he mau mea ākea ʻole a hiki ke piʻi i nā ʻōpū o ka lepa no ka manawa lōʻihi. Ua ʻike ʻia hiki ke mamao loa i nā skuas mai ke kahakai a hana i nā ala holo ma ka moana wai i hoʻokahi lā a i ʻole paha.

ʻAʻole lele lele ʻo Skuas, hana lākou i nā pūkona maikaʻi i ka lewa. Hiki iā ia ke hāʻule iki a hāʻule i lalo, huli i lalo.

He aha a pehea eʻai ai nā skuas

Manaʻo ʻia ʻo Skuas i nā mea wānana aloha ʻole. ʻO ka iʻa, nā moa a me nā hua manu, rodents liʻiliʻi - ʻai ʻia nā mea a pau me ka makemake nui. Noho ma ka ʻĀrike ma kahakai, ʻaʻole e haʻalele kēia mau manu i ka iʻa moana, a ʻimi lākou i nā lemmings. Ka ʻaihue pū ʻana, nā hua o nā manu o nā hoalauna ma ke kūkaʻa.

Inā ʻike ka skuas i ka nui o nā rodents ma ke kahakai, a laila hoʻohuli lākou i ka hānai iā lākou ʻole ka lele ʻana i loko o ke kai no ka iʻa.

ʻOiai no ka ʻōlelo ʻana o ka meaʻai, kūpono nā skuas i ka hui o nā mea i kapa ʻia ʻo kleptoparasites. ʻO ka pinepine, ʻo ka ʻike ʻana i ka mea pio o kekahi manu ʻē aʻe i loko o kāna pua, alualu lākou iā ia a lawe pono i ka lewa.

Ua mākaʻikaʻi loa ia i kēia mau manu a ʻoi aku ka naʻauao. Ma kahi e noho ai nā skuas, inā he māla lawaiʻa a i ʻole kahi mahiʻai manu kokoke ma laila - ma laila lākou e noho ai.

ʻO nā makemake mai ka hana ʻana i nā mahiʻai holoholona, ​​ʻo ka hele ʻana o ka ʻai ma kahi kokoke i kahi moku lawaiʻa he "bonus" maikaʻi no ka hānai skuas i kēia hihia.

Kūleʻa maikaʻi ʻo Skuas i ka meaʻai a koho i ke ala maʻalahi. Aia ka laona, i ka wai ʻōwili e hopu ʻo ia i ka nui o nā iʻa lele e lele, mai ka wai mai i ka mea i ʻike ʻia.

ʻAʻole maopopo ʻo Skuas i ka peʻe. Inā lākou i ka iʻa i ka wai, a laila ʻo ka mea wale nō e lana kokoke i ka wai.

ʻO ka hānai, ka hānai ʻana o nā poki, skuas

ʻAʻole lele ʻo Skuas i nā hipa. Ma hea kahi e noho ai lākou, ma ka ʻaoʻao mamao a i hema paha, i kekahi manawa e lele lākou i ka lewa no ke ʻelua a ʻekolu paha, ʻaʻohe. ʻO Skuas, ʻano like ʻole e pili ana i ko lākou mau ʻohana, i ka wā e moe ai, e hui hou i loko o nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi a kūkulu i nā ʻuʻuku i ka ʻaoʻao.

Kuhi kēia mau manu i kahi kāne i mare no ke ola. Eia kekahi mau hiʻohiʻona hoihoi e pili ana i kā lākou mare. ʻO ke keikikāne skuas opio mālama koʻikoʻi a nani loa. Hoʻopili i kona umauma, e pālahalaha ana i kona mau ʻēheu, hoʻāla ʻo ia i kona poʻo a wehe i kona laulā ākea, e ʻoi ana i nā leo hoʻōho. He mele mele maikaʻi nā skuas, ʻaʻole maikaʻi loa kā lākou mau ʻakaʻōlelo.

Akā inā ua hui pū kekahi mau manu i hoʻokahi makahiki i hoʻokahi makahiki, a laila ʻaʻole pilikia ka makua e hiki mai ana me ka moeʻuhane. Hoʻopili koke nei nā hana a hoʻomaka koke ke kūkulu ʻana i ka pili.

Hoʻokumu nā Skuas i nā kunu ʻelua. Huli pū nā manu i ka huli ʻana, e lawe mua ana iā lākou me nā iniseti, a laila ulu liʻiliʻi a me nā moa ʻē aʻe o nā manu ʻē aʻe.

ʻOiai i ka hopena o ke kauwela, ua haʻalele ka poʻe'ōpio i ka nalo a hoʻomaka i ka loaʻa ʻana o kā lākou ʻai iho, ke lilo ka skuas i ka moekolohe wale nō ma hope o ʻeono a ʻehiku mau makahiki. Ma ka hānai ʻana, noho lōʻihi kēia mau manu a hiki i nā makahiki he kanahā.
E nānā i kahi wikiō e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka skuas.

ʻO ka wehewehe a me nā hiʻohiʻona

Hiki ke wehewehe ʻia ka inoa skuas ma ke ʻano he noho ʻana a e noho ana "e ke kai." A he ʻōlelo ʻoiaʻiʻo nō kēia. ʻO nā wahi punahele maikaʻi loa i nā skuas e ola a laha aku nā kihi ʻākau, ʻo ia nā kai o ka Arctic a me Antarctic. No ka ʻohana charadriiformes ka manu, no laila ʻaʻohe mea pono o ka titmouse a me nā manu ʻē aʻe.

Ua hopu ʻia ka manu i ka wai o ka moana Artctic, akā hopu nō kekahi mau wahi i ka nui o nā wahi kahakai i kokoke i nā kai. Hiki ke loaʻa kekahi mau ʻano o ka skuas ma Asia a me ʻAmelika ʻAmelika, a ma ka ʻāina ʻEulopa.

ʻO Skuas kahi koho nui o ka fauna. ʻO ka lōʻihi o kona kino mai ke kihi o ka beak a hiki i ke kaʻe o ka huelo he 80 cm paha, me nā ʻēheu o ka liʻiliʻi o ka mita, akā, ʻaʻole eʻoi aku ka nui o kona paona ma mua o ʻelua mau kilogram.

ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona hiʻona o ka skuas ʻo ia ka beʻoki pōkole i uhi ʻia i ka ʻili. I ka hopena, ua wili ʻia ka beak a kūlou i lalo. Aia ka hona ma lalo o ka beak. Kiʻiʻuʻu. Manaʻo ia kēia ʻano o ka beak i kahi pōmaikaʻi no ka skuas i ka wā e lawaiʻa ai i nā iʻa liʻiliʻi a me nā ʻano ʻēheʻe kai.

Pīwī a lōʻihi ka wāwae o ka wāwae, he mea maʻamau no nā manu e noho ana i ka hau, he mauʻu manamana nui, lōʻihi nā lima, a me nā ʻōpū ākea koʻikoʻi. Mea hoʻopili hoʻopili ʻia nā ʻōpū manu nona i nā ʻili. Ua pālahalaha nā ʻēheu, kuhikuhi i nā kihi. He pokole ke kaʻe, puni. ʻO kekahi mea kupaianaha ʻo ia ma luna o ka huelo he ʻumikumamālua wale nō ka hulu. Eia kekahi, nā mākau e ʻike. He aha ka mea i ʻike ʻia i kēia ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole ʻike ka ʻepekema.

Skuas i ke kiʻi He nani loa. ʻO kona keʻokeʻo he uliuli, nā hulu o ka kala leli e ʻike ʻia ma ke ʻāʻī, ka ʻōpū a me ke poʻo. Mai lalo mai o ka nuku a hiki i lalo o ka umauma, ua kokoke ke keʻokeʻo ka plumage. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā ʻeleʻele a me ka melemele i ke wahi poʻo. Mālama ʻia nā ʻano ʻāpana o ka palahele, ma hope o ka molting a i ka wā hana.

Noho nui nā mea noho a noho ma nā kahakai o ka ʻĀkau Honu, a me nā kahakai o nā paʻakai paʻakai o ka ʻAliki. Ke manaʻoʻiʻo ia he manu kaila i ka skuas, no ka mea e hoʻokokoke ana ia i ka palena hema no ka hoʻoilo, a me ka hoʻomaka o ka mahina wai e hoʻi ana i ka hau hau. ʻO nā mea ʻalaʻumi ka nānā ʻia: ka lōʻihi, ka pōkole, ka lōʻihi, ka nui, ka nui, hema-polar, Antarctic a me ka ʻulaʻula.

Skuas.Ka liʻiliʻi o nā ʻelele o kēia ʻano, a ʻo ke aniani paha ma kahi o 55 cm ka lōʻihi, me ke kaumaha o 300 gram. ʻO ka skuas he kapa ʻeleʻele a me ka ʻāʻī. Ma ka umauma a me ka ʻāʻī i mua, he melemele keʻokeʻo, ʻuluʻula ma nā ʻēheu ma luna e ʻala ʻia a ʻeleʻele a me ka uliuli. ʻO ke koena o ka plumage he hina a ʻulaʻula paha.

ʻO kahi ʻano ʻokoʻa o kēia mau kikoʻī kahi lōʻihi loa. Noho kahi skuas o keia ʻano? ʻO nā māhelehele ʻo nā manu he mau ʻāina ʻĀkau ʻAmelika ʻAmelika, ma kahakai o ka Pākīpika a me ʻAmelika kahiki, kahi lākou e hoʻoilo ai. Hōʻike ʻia ka meaʻai ʻai nui e nā rodents a me nā pepona. Ke alakaʻi nei i kahi kūlana maluhia.

Skuas. ^ E Ha yM. Hoʻohālike ia i ka nui o kahi congener, kahi skuas lōʻihi lōʻihi ka lōʻihi. Akā haohao ia me ke kaupaona māmā a me ke kino pōkole ke loaʻa nei ʻo ia i mau wingpan maikaʻi a hiki i ka 1,25 mau mika. ʻO ka peʻa pōkole ka maka pōkole he ʻano anuanu maikaʻi ia, e loli ana i ka wā moe a me ka hoʻoilo.

I ka wā moe, lilo a pihi ke poʻo. Ma ka kua, ma lalo o ka huelo a ma ka kua ma lalo, he ʻeleʻele ka waihoʻoluʻu. I mua o ka beak, ma ka ʻāʻī a me ka umauma he mau waihoʻoluʻu melemele. ʻEleʻele nā ​​wāwae a ʻūlū.

I ka hoʻoilo o ka hoʻoilo, nā puka ʻeleʻele e hū ʻia ma nā ʻaoʻao a me ka ʻāʻī, a loaʻa nā poliʻeleʻele i ka kua i lalo a i hope. E noho ʻia ma nā ʻāpana ākea o ka tundra a me ke kula lāʻau o Tundra, a loaʻa pū kekahi i nā ʻāina ʻĀkau ʻAmelika. Hoʻopili kokoke nā wili i ka equator.

Honu skua. ^ E Ha yM. Hōʻike ʻia kēia ʻano e nā poʻe o kahi nui o ka nui, hiki i ke lōʻihi o ke kino a hiki i 80 cm a ke kaupaona nei no kahi kilokilo. Hoʻohālikelike ia i nā ʻano ʻē aʻe me kahi beak a ʻulaʻula a me nā hulu hulu melopele. I ka wā o ka lele, hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā wahi keokeo ma loko o nā ʻēheu. I ka plumage holoʻokoʻa he nui nā kala māmā, a me ke aniani hoʻi.

Polina Skuas Hema. ^ E Ha yM. He kino koʻikoʻi kekahi kino manu, ʻo ka 50 cm ka lōʻihi, ke kaupaona nei ʻo 1.5 kg, akā me nā ʻēheu ākea loa, a hiki i ka 1,4 m He lōʻihi nā ʻēheu, e hoʻopili ana i ka ʻāina a i ka wā e hele ana. ʻO ka huelo, ma kahi ʻē aʻe, he pōkole, nā hulu ma luna o ia mea i hoʻonohonoho ʻia ma nā ʻanuʻu. ʻO kona mau wāwae lōʻihi a me nā manamana lima e hoʻopili ʻia e nā membrane.

Kahua skua. ^ E Ha yM. ʻO Skuas o Antarctica nā ʻelele nui o nā ʻano. He ʻulaʻulaʻula ko lākou, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā hulu o ka hulu ma mua o ke kumu. Ma muli o nā mea e kokoke ai nā maka a me nā ʻili. ʻO kēia wahi e noho ai ka mokupuni: ʻo New Zealand, ʻo Tierra del Fuego, ʻĀpana Hema.

Skuas NuiʻOiai ʻo ka inoa, ʻaʻole kēia ka manu nui. ʻO kona loa lōʻihi ka lōʻihi o 60 cm a me nā eheu a hiki i 120 cm. He koʻo Skuas i kahi pāpale ʻeleʻele a me nā ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula ma ko lākou plumage, ka mea e hōʻike iā ia mai nā ʻanoʻokoʻa ʻē aʻe. Noho ana ma ka mokuna o Iceland a me Norewai.

Hoʻoikaika & Habitat

Hoʻopau ʻo Skuas i ka hapa nui o ko lākou ola i ka lele, ʻo ia ke kumu e hāʻawi ʻia ai nā ʻēheu ikaika a me nā ʻēheu nui. Hiki iā lākou i loko o ka lewa ke lōʻihi no ka holo ʻana i kahi mau mile. Eia kekahi, loaʻa iā lākou ka inoa o ka aerobatics.

Ke hoʻomau nei lākou, hoʻāla i lalo me ka pōhaku a me ka ʻāina maikaʻi loa i ka wai, kahi a lākou i manaʻo maikaʻi loa, e ʻā ana i nā nalu. Ke holo like ka skua, ua like ia me ka pā. No laila ua hoʻopau lākou i kā lākou hoʻomaha. Eia kekahi, he mau kupiki paʻa nō lākou, no laila hoʻokuʻu lākou i ka hūnā i nā hau a me nā hau hau.

Noho ʻo Skuas i ke tundra a i ʻole nā ​​kahakai o ke Kai Kūʻai. ʻO nā kamaʻāina ʻākau e koho i ka kūlohelohe. Hiki iā lākou ke lawe aku i ka manu mai ka manu ʻē aʻe ma ka lewa. I ka manawa like, hoʻohuli lākou i ke kaʻa i mea e hoʻokō ai i kā lākou pahuhopu.

Hiki ke kapa ʻia ʻo Skuas. Aʻo wau wale ka maʻa wale, ma ka hakakā ʻana no kahi kahi a me ka waiwai, a i ʻole i ka wā moe. Ua pā ʻia kona leo e ka nui o nā aniani. ʻO kekahi kiʻi hoihoi i ka wā e hele ai ke kāne ma ke kahakai, e hoʻopuni ana i kona umauma a kau nui i nā puʻupuʻu koʻikoʻi.

Hoʻohana wale nā ​​ʻelele a pau o ka skuas ma ke ʻano, ʻaʻole hoʻi e hoʻolōʻihi i ka loaʻa keiki. No ka hānai, e koho ana ka makuakāne skuas i nā hua penguin a me nā moa. Kau kaʻi ʻana i nā pēke penguin ma luna o ka lele, hopu ʻo ia i ka mea pio, a pēlā aku.

Skuas, petrels, penguins and puffinsominated by skuas. Mai ʻōlelo e ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka penguin, akā wikiwiki ka mea hoʻoneʻe me ia, ʻoi aku me nā moa a me nā hua. Akā ʻo nā ʻenemi o nā skuas e hiki iā lākou ke manu nui wale. No laila hiki iā lākou ke hōʻeha mai i ka beak ʻo ka penguin, akā ʻano like me nā hulu ʻē wale wale nō.

Ara parrot

Hōʻike manu

ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kino ua hiki i 80 cm, ʻo nā eheu paha ma kahi o 130 cm. ʻAʻole ʻoi aku ka nui o ka manu ma kahi kilogram.

Hoʻohālikelike ʻia nā skuas āpau e kahi puʻupuʻu pōkole nui, i uhi ʻia i ka ʻili. Ua pālahalaha ka ʻolima, a puni ke kumu. Ma ka piko, hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻia ka beak e like me ka hook, a ma lalo kahi makehe liʻiliʻi. Koi a ʻāʻī a ke kālai nei i nā manu. Ua lōʻihi nā ʻēheu, kuhikuhi. Kāʻei ʻia ka lāʻehā.

ʻO ka palaleka ma ke kua o ka skua he keʻokeʻoʻeleʻele, aia ka hulu laula ma ka ʻāʻī, poʻo a me nā ʻōpū. Ke keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo a me ka umauma a keʻokeʻo, ʻeleʻele ke poʻo me nā wahi melemele. ʻO ka kala kēia o ka mea pākeke, ke nānā pinepine nei nā manu ʻōpio.

Nā hiʻohiʻona o ka meaʻai skuas

ʻO ka waiwai nui o ka skuas ma ka ʻāina, he lemmings, a me ka puʻu hina a me ka nui o nā nahele, nā puhoi waiiki a me ka masonry sandpiper, hua o ka loon, duck, gull, a me kahi'āpana. I ke kai, hiki i kēia mau manu ke hopu i nā iʻa a me nā invertebrates, aia i ʻike ʻia ma ka wai o ka wai. Hopu ʻo Skuas i nā wahi nūpepa i ka iʻa i lele i ka iʻa. I ka pūnāwai a me ka lūlū, hoʻohui nā skuas i nā mea ʻai i kā lākou meaʻai, nā mea kanu - nā hua manu (nā puʻupuʻu, lingonberry, blueberries), me nā pū kekahi a me nā ukana, no ka mea, hoʻopili nui ʻia kēia mau manu i ka meaʻai.

ʻO Skuas ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo ka pirates kai, ma ko lākou ʻai ʻana i nā meaʻai mai nā manu ʻē aʻe: nā waiū, nā puʻupuʻu, nā ʻāpana, nā ʻōpala, a me nā ʻuna, e hoʻouka ana i kēia mau manu i nā pūʻulu o ʻelua a ʻelima mau kānaka.

ʻO ka manawa hou, ua ʻimi pinepine nā manu i nā meaʻai kokoke i nā kānaka, no ka laʻana, kokoke i nā lawaiʻa a i nā mahiʻai holoholona.

Pālahalaha manu

ʻO ka hapa nui nā ʻano o nā skuas i nā Arctic, ma nā wahi polar e kokoke ana i nā kino paʻakai. Noho nā manu ma nā konohiki Eurasian a me ʻAmelika Hema. Hoʻokumu ʻia ka hekili i nā hana maʻamau o kēlā me kēia koloni.No ka hoʻoilo, lele nui nā skuas i nā kai hema a me nā moʻo.

Noho ʻo Skuas ma nā pāʻālua a hīmeni paha. Hoʻonohonoho wale nā ​​kolana no ka manawa o ka lawaiʻa, kahi e koho ʻia ai nā mokupuni pōhaku.

Skua skuas (Stercorarius longicaudus)

ʻO kēia ʻano ka mea liʻiliʻi loa o ka ʻohana. ʻO ka lōʻihi o kona kino mai 40 a 55 cm, ke kaumaha 220-350 g.

Pāpaʻi ʻia ka ʻōpū o ke poʻo a me ka ʻāʻī ma ke kua ʻulaʻula me ka alohilohi. Ke keʻokeʻo a me ka ʻāʻī keʻokeʻo, me ka tinge keʻokeʻo. ʻEleʻeleʻele a ke kua a me nā ʻēheu ma luna; Hoʻohālikelike ʻia ka manu e kahi ʻoi lōʻihi lōʻihi.

He ʻano maʻamau ka mea i loko o nā ʻona Arctic o Eurasia a me ʻAmelika ʻAmelika. Noho ka manu i ka hema o ke Kai Kūʻai a ma ka Moana Pakipika. He manu mālama ʻo Skuas, e hānai nui ana i nā rodents a me nā pepeke.

Skua Skuas (Stercorarius parasiticus)

ʻO ke kino o ka manu ka 44-55 cm, nā ʻēheu a hiki i 125 cm.

I ka lāʻaʻa i ka mare, he ʻeleʻele a ʻeleʻele a ʻeleʻele a ʻeleʻele a lahilahi nā kala o ke poʻo mai luna, ʻeleʻele a i ʻole hina hina. Ua keokeo ke poʻo ma nā ʻaoʻao, ʻākau o ka ʻāʻī, ke ʻāʻī a me ka umauma, he melemele ke kala ma nā ʻaoʻao o ka kua o ke kua. ʻEleʻele ka ʻolā, ʻōmaʻomaʻo a hina paha ma ka kumu, ʻeleʻele nā ​​wāwae. ʻO ka lole keokeʻo ka māmā ma mua o ka male. ʻIke ʻia nā wahi polū pōkole ma nā ʻaoʻao a me ka ʻāʻī o ka manu, a me nā ʻōpū hōʻiliʻili a me ka ʻulaʻeleʻele e hoʻonani i ka kua i lalo a me ka ʻōpū. ʻOkoʻa loa ka leo.

Kuhi ʻia nā pōpoki ma kahi hina-brown, ʻalu melemele-ʻula a i ʻole nā ​​melemele-hina ke kala, me kahi pōʻeleʻele a he nape. He ʻulaʻula-uliuli-poloka ka bilapa, ʻeleʻele ka ʻāpana, ʻōmaʻomaʻo-ʻulaʻula nā wāwae.

Noho ka poʻe noho i nā moku tundra o Eurasia a me ʻAmelika Hema. E hele i nā wai o ke kai ma ke Komohana ʻAlekau, ʻAmelika Hema, ʻAmelika Hema, ʻAmelika a me Asia no ka hoʻoilo.

Haka Polka Hema (Catharacta maccormicki)

ʻAu manu nui-e pili ana i. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kino mai ka 50 a i ka 55 cm, nā ʻēheu a hiki i 140 cm, ke kaumaha mai ka 0.9 a i ka 1.6 kg. Ua lōʻihi nā ʻēheu, kuhikuhi. Ua pōkole ke kolo, male-holoholo. Nā pale me nā membrane a me nā leki.

ʻEkolu mau mākākūkā o ke kaila o ka Polar o ka Hema: māmā, ʻeleʻele a me ka loli. He ʻeleʻeleʻeleʻele nā ​​pore a pau, ʻeleʻele a wāwae nā wāwae.

I nā manu māmā, ʻokoʻa ka waihoʻoluʻu o ka plumage, mai ke poʻo mai ka pinkish-brown a ocher-brownish-whitish. ʻO ka ʻāʻī, nā ʻōpū a me ka ʻōpū ma ka brownish-brown. ʻEleʻele ke kua me ka lōkihi ka lōʻihi.

ʻEleʻele ʻia nā manu ʻeleʻele i loko o ka kala like, ʻeleʻele ko lākou poʻo a me ka tummy, nā ʻeleʻele a me nā ʻeleʻele ka ʻeleʻele. Kukui Sashek.

ʻO nā subspecies waena me monophonic, maʻa mau me nā wili.

ʻIke ʻia nā mea pili ma ke kahakai o Antarctica, a me ka Hema no Shetland a me ka South Orkney Islands. Hōʻele nā ​​kānaka pākeke i ka Moana Hema, a neʻe nā manu ʻōpio i ka Hemolele ʻākau.

Skuas Antartika (brown, brown) - (Catharacta antarctica)

ʻO ka kala o ka plumage o ka manu he ʻeleʻele ʻulaʻula me nā wahi kihi liʻiliʻi. ʻO nā pua e kokoke ana i nā maka a me ka huelo mai ka brown brown i kaʻeleʻele. ʻIkia ʻia kahi wahi triangular keʻokeʻo ma luna o ka eheu o ka lele ma kahi lele. ʻO ka beak he poʻo hina, koi, hookani i ka like.

Noho ka holoholona i ka ʻaoʻao hema o ʻAmelika, ma nā mokupuni o Tierra del Fuego, ma New Zealand, ma ka mokupuni ʻo Falkland.

Nui Skuas (Catharacta skua)

ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kino mai ka 50 a 58 paha ka cm, nā ehepa 125-140 cm. Aia ʻo nests i Islandi, Norway, nā mokupuni o ʻEkolekia a me nā mokupuni o Faroe.

Kūpono kala o ke kala hina me nā ʻāpana ʻulaʻula a me kahi pāpale ʻeleʻele ma ke poʻo. ʻEleʻele ka peʻa i ka kala me nā hulu ʻelua ma waena. ʻEleʻele nā ​​wāwae a ʻūlū.

Skuas puaa

He manu monogamous ʻo Skua. Lele loa ia i kona mau wahi huna i ka wā e kū mua ai nā hapa mua o ka pua ma ka uhi o ka hoʻoilo ma ka lua o Mei - i ka hoʻomaka mua o Iune.

Hoʻohālikelike ia i nā wā ʻelua i ka lele a i ʻole ma ka pule mua ma hope o ka hōʻea ʻana. I ka manawa like, hoʻomau kekahi mau manu i ke ala ola o ke ola a ʻaʻole i hoʻokumu i nā minamina.

Hōʻawale kēlā me kēia pālua skuas. Inā lele ka manu o kāna mau manu a i ʻole nā ​​ʻano ʻē aʻe i loko o kona ʻāina, ke ʻano o ka hoʻohalike o ka ʻāina, no ka laʻana, me ka ʻalopō arctic, ʻano nui loa, e kālele ana i ka ʻāʻaka me ke kani nui, hoʻāʻo i ka pā. Makaʻu ʻo ia i ke kanaka a hoʻāʻo e lele, lele me ka mālie.

Skuas ka ʻuʻuku ma kahi maloʻo a pae, maʻamau ma nā lehelehe a puʻu paha i waenakonu o nā pahū. ʻO kēia ke kaumaha i ka lepo grassy, ​​15-17 cm i ka diameter 3-5 cm i ka hohonu. ʻAʻole kiko nā manu i ka helu ʻole, a waiho i nā lau maloʻo o ka olo, ʻoki a me ka lichen, a i ʻole nā ​​mea kanu ʻē aʻe.

Ma ka pāikiʻi maʻamau 1 a i ʻole 2, mau manawa ʻekolu hua. He ʻeleʻele lākou i ka kala me nā brownish-violet a me nā wahi melemele i loaʻa i nā ʻano like ʻole. ʻO nā kāne a me nā kāne incubate hua manu, mai 25 a i 28 mau lā, e hoʻomaka ana mai ka manawa i ʻike ʻia ka hua mua.

ʻO nā pēpē hou i uhi ʻia i loko o nā palahalaha brown brown i ʻoluʻolu ia i ke kua. I nā makahiki 30-36, hoʻomaka nā manu ʻōpio e lele, akā no kekahi mau pule ke noho nei lākou ma hope o nā mākua e hānai iā lākou, a laila hoʻomaka ka manu i kahi ola kūʻokoʻa.

ʻO nā ʻike e pili ana i ka manu

• ʻIke nui ʻo Skuas ma ka ʻāina a me ke kai. I ka wā ʻauʻau, ke kiko o ke kino o ka manu i ka wai o ka wai.
• I kekahi manawa hana lākou i nā hipa, nā penguins a me nā kohu hulu.
• Lā leo nā leo like ʻole a me nā manaʻo like ʻole, akā ʻo ka hapa nui o nā manu ke makemake e noho leo ʻole, a hīmeni wale nō i ka wā o ka lawehala i ka wā o ka lele.
• Ke pōkole ke kahi o kahi skua, ʻaʻole ia e hoʻomaopopo i kona mau hoahānau me ke kani pōkole a me ka haʻahaʻa, akā inā i hoʻokau hewa ʻia ʻo ia ma nā manu ʻē aʻe, eia kekahi, ke kani nui nei nā leo. Hāʻawi nā mau moa i kahi leo kūikawā e like me ke mele kolohe.
• Ma Thule Island (Scotland) ua hoʻokumu ʻia kahi holoholona hihiu, kahi i mālama ʻia nā skuas.