Yurok (synonym: finch, jure, sarka, saccloth, grunt (obsolete), Fringilla montifringilla) manu o ka mea ʻo Passeriformes, finch family, genus finch.
ʻO ke kāne kāne ma ka pūnāwai ke ʻeleʻele ke poʻo, ke kua, nā ʻēheu a me ka huelo, ka ʻāʻī, ke nadhvyl, nā kīkī ma ka ʻaoʻao a me ka ʻōpū, ua keʻokeʻo, ʻāhaʻi a me kahi ʻōpū ākea i nā poʻohiwi ʻʻulaʻula. I nā manu ʻo Far East, he ʻoniʻoni ʻia nā pupu ma ka lehelehe ma mua o ke keʻokeʻo. Hoʻopili maikaʻi ʻia nā ʻano ʻōpio a nā manu ʻōpio.
ʻO kona leo he leo hoʻonaninani kūlohelohe, kahi i hoʻopau ʻia me ka "zhzhzh" i kahi lele - he "chi-chi" a i ʻole ka "squealing".
Noho ia ma ka ululāʻau. Makemake i ka birch a ka pua. E hānai iā ia i nā mea make a me nā mea kanu mea kanu. He ʻuʻuku ko ia i nā nahele nui - kiʻekiʻe a pōkole, kuli a hoʻomālamalama.
He ʻino nui loa ia ma luna o ka ʻāina. Aia ia ma ka 2-5 m ma mua o ka lepo. Hana kēia manu i ka pūnana me nā pā ākea ākea a he pā paha, mai nā kumu lāʻau a me ka moss, ma ka ʻaoʻao o waho e uhi ana iā ia me nā lichens a me nā ʻāpana o ka ʻehā kiri.
I loko o ka pipi 5-7, ʻoi aku ka 6 mau hua, like a me nā hopena finch, akā me ke kālena o kahi kīwī nui me nā kuʻekuʻe liʻiliʻi a me ka paler.
Nā ʻlelo yurki hānai ʻia lākou i nā mea ʻai liʻiliʻi (nā kōmona, nā kahu), kahi i ʻai ʻia e nā manu makua i kēlā manawa. ʻO nā pipi wale yurki hoʻololi i nā mea kanu, hoʻoulu i nā hua, e hōʻiliʻili iā ia, e like me nā finches, ma ka pā. ʻO ka nui o nā hua he mau lau a me nā mea kanu manu ʻole, ka mea nui ka cereals. ʻAi pū lākou i nā blueberries. Ke neʻe nei i ka hema, e ʻai ana nā ʻohana ma ka ʻāina māla a me nā māla hua ʻai me nā hua weʻa - millet, bristles, pikulnik. I ka wā hoʻomaha o ka hoʻoilo, ʻokoʻa nui ka ʻano like ʻole o ka hua.
Yurki kahele ʻia ma ka palena ʻākau o ka mea kanu lāʻau - mai Murmansk a hiki i Kamchatka, akā ʻike ʻia kekahi mau pālua ma kekahi manawa i ke kauwela a me hema, no ka laʻana, ma ka ʻāina Kalinin a me Tatarstan, a ma Siberia a Altai a me Transbaikalia. I ka hoʻoilo, lele nā ʻohana o nā fincs i ka hema o ʻEulopa, Asia Minor, nā Caucasus, Kazakhstan a me Kina.
ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona a me ka noho home o ka manu Yurok
ʻO ka wehewehe ʻana o ka manu Yurok e hoʻomaka ʻia me ka hoʻokumu ʻana o nā inoa inoa manu o kēia manu ʻelua, ʻo ka lua a me ka kaulana hoʻi ka paukū. A aia nui nā ʻano like ʻole o kēia mau manu mele mele - 21 mau ʻano, ʻike ʻia lākou i ka ʻoni nui o kā lākou plumage.
ʻO nā momo kaulana nui o yurks ka:
ʻOi aku ka like me nā manu liʻiliʻi. He ʻāʻupuʻu loa ka ʻōpū ʻo ka ʻōpū a he beige, ʻeleʻele ka kua a me nā ʻēheu, ʻeleʻele ka ʻili a me ka huluhulu.
ʻO nā manu ʻokoʻa a nani hoʻi. ʻO ka ʻōpū ma ka melemele paha o ka melemele paha. ʻO nā ʻēheu a me ke kua hoʻi i uhi ʻia i nā ʻili a me nā ʻūpā e hoʻopili ʻia i loko o kahi kāhiko manawaleʻa, ʻo ia nō kēlā me kēia yurka, no laila ʻokoʻa mau nā kiʻi o nā manu.
I ke kiʻi aia kahi pāpaleʻulaʻula
ʻO kahi manu o ka waihoʻoluʻu hina a me ke poʻo ulaula ʻē aʻe, eia naʻe, ʻo ka "hat" he ʻalani a me nā wahi i hoʻohui ʻia i nā ʻēheu.
Ua kapa ʻia ia ma muli o ke ʻano o ka noho ʻana. ʻOkoʻa lākou i nā koena i loko o ka hulu kalaiʻu kekona me nā ʻeleʻele a me ka hiki ʻana mai i kahi puʻu ikaika i hoʻomohala ʻia.
I ke kiʻi ʻo Galapagos Yurok
ʻO ka hapa pinepine, nā kiʻi o ka manu yurk e hōʻike ana i kēia ʻano ʻano. ʻAʻole maikaʻi kēia mau manu, akā ʻo ka mea hilahila loa o nā ʻohana a pau. He ʻeleʻele ka kala o ka ʻōpū o kekahi ʻano, akā me kahi ʻōmole ʻono, ʻo ke koena o ka hulu paha he brown.
I ke kiʻi, ua hurokē
ʻOkoʻa nā mea e pili ana i kona mau hoahānau i ke kala o ka hulu. I nā wahine, he hina a hina paha ka palaki, i nā kāne - ʻeleʻele-ʻeleʻele. Aia ʻo Yurks i nā nahele, me nā puʻu ākea a me kahi liʻiliʻi o nā kumulāʻau, me nā alapiʻi i nā māka, nā māla ulu lāʻau, a me nā kaila wai.
I loko o ke kiʻi e kahi iʻa yurok
He manuahi nā manu, lele i nā lehelehe o ka Hikina no ka hoʻoilo, a no ka nui ʻana o nā manu hoʻoilo ma Italia, a ma ke Komohana Honu - ma Kaleponi a me Mexico ʻĀkau loa. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka yurka e piʻi i ka 15 cm, ke kaumaha o ka manu ma ka awelika mai 14 a 35 mau grama, a me nā eheu mai 24 a 26 cm
ʻO ke ʻano a me ke ʻano o ka manu Yurok
Noho nā manu o kahi yurka i nā ʻohana, he pū kekahi i loko o ka puʻu, a hui pū, ʻelua ma ʻaoʻao. Kahiʻili nā ʻōpū, me ka ʻole o nā poloki, hohonu a mālama pono iā lākou i ka iho, mauʻu a me nā mea a pau i kūpono no ka hoʻokumu ʻana i ka hōʻoluʻolu a me ka ʻoluʻolu.
Hōʻike mau nā hua i loko o ka pūnana i ka hopena o Mei, hānai ka wahine iā lākou mai 12 a 15 mau lā. I ka manawa āpau i ke kau ʻana o ke kāne iā ia, mai poina ka hīmeni ʻana i nā mele i ke ahiahi a mua o ke kakahiaka. ʻO nā chikona ma ko lākou lele huakaʻi mua i ka lā 14-16 o ke ola, a, i kekahi manawa, ma mua.
Hoʻohana nui ʻo Yurki, inā inā he wahine hoʻokahi no kekahi kumu e waiho wale ana ia ma kāna mau hua, ʻaʻohe kāne, a laila mālama ka ʻohana holoʻokoʻa iā ia. ʻO ka helu o ka hoʻoulu ma ka wahi hoʻokahi e pili ana i ke ʻano o nā lako meaʻai i kēia wahi.
Inā lawa ka ʻai, ʻokoʻa kekahi hapa o ka ʻohana a neʻe i kahi ʻē, akā, pono e hoʻopili ʻia nā manu e ka lele i ka hoʻoilo. Kūpaʻa ʻo Yurks i nā kānaka ma mua o nā mea hīmeni liʻiliʻi.
Hiki pinepine ke ʻike i kahi kolone i kū i ka pale ʻana i ka wehe ʻana o ka hale hoʻoneʻe o nā hale noho hale lehulehu e hoʻomaka ana i nā makahiki 70-80 o ke kenekulia hope. Aia i loko o ia mau hale aia kahi "cellar" ma lalo o ka puka aniani o ka lumi kekona me kahi lua o ka wai hoʻoneʻe nui, kahi i komo ai nā mea lawelawe, nā mea paʻa, e pani koke ana mai loko mai. A ma waho o nā hale i hoʻomākaukau ʻia i nā hale "yurks.
Mea ʻai manu a Yurok
ʻO kēia mau manu he mau manuʻai manu. Me ka makemake nui, ua ʻoki lākou i nā hua, nā huaʻai, beech "nati", ua hāʻule i nā hua a me nā mea a pau a lākou i ʻike mai ai. Me ka hoihoi pū, nā uka ʻeke a yurki, hopu i nā pepeke i luna o ka lele, a loaʻa ka huluhulu.
ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole lākou e hānai i ka ʻili, e like me nā mea ʻike lāʻau, akā "hōʻiliʻili" i ka mea ma luna. ʻOhi ʻo Yurki me ka ʻohiʻohi i ka ʻai mai ka ʻāina, e leʻaleʻa i ka ʻā ʻana i ka puddles a ʻauʻau i ka lepo, ka neʻe mau i ka manawa like.
I ke kiʻi aia he snow hurok
ʻIke ʻia nā manu e kū ana ma nā wahi i nūnū ʻia i nā kūlanakauhale, nā māka a i nā wahi ʻē aʻe i kūpono ʻia no lākou ke aloha loa i ka “pecking” bits apple, nā koena o nā hamburgers a me nā ʻīlio wela, a inu nō hoʻi i ka puddles mai lalo o ka wai hau i hina.
He aha ia he waiwai nui nā meaʻai a ʻoi, he nīnau nui loa ia, akā ʻaʻole i maalo ka nui o nā manu liʻiliʻi e waiho wale ana i nā koena o ka moa i honi ʻia ma mua o ka urn.
ʻO ka mea wale wale nō e lawe ʻole ai ka iʻa, ua maloʻo a pau kekahi. Inā ma kahi o ka kolone o kēia mau manu, aia nā poʻe e hānai ʻai e nā kānaka, a laila lilo ka ʻuala i mau malihini kipa maʻamau.
Hānau a lōʻihi ke lōʻihi
ʻO Yurki - he mau manu piha nā manu, i ka fanaticism. Hoʻokahi wale ka hoa no ke ola. Inā kū kekahi mea i kekahi o ka kāne, ʻaʻole ke komo hou ʻo yurok i loko o kahi pilina "ʻohana".
ʻOiai e hānai nei ka wahine i kāna mau huaʻehā, ma ka awelika, hoʻokahi paha mau pule, ʻo ka kāne ke lawe wale i kāna meaʻai a hoʻowalewale iā ia me nā mele, akā pono pū ka puʻupuʻu i nā ʻōpala, nā ʻū maka o nā mauhelehele, nā ʻāpana a me nā mea a pau e hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ma ka mahiʻai.
Hāpai ʻia nā ʻatikala, akā, ʻaʻole i waiho ʻia ka nuku me ka mālama ʻole ʻia, a haʻalele nā pākeke i kahi ʻōpiopio. ʻAʻole ia e hilinaʻi i ka palekana o ka home manu. ʻOiai inā ka pale i loko o ka wehe ʻana o ka hoʻoweliweli, ʻo ia nō, ua pani ʻia ma nā ʻaoʻao a pau - lele lele wale nā manu i ke huli ʻana, ʻaʻole waiho ana i nā pua no kekahi mau minuke.
Akāʻo ka wahine wale nō e aʻo i nā keiki e lele a hānai i kā lākou iho, ʻaʻole ke kue iki ke kāne i kēia kaʻina hana. E like me ka makemake o ke ola, ma lalo o nā kūlana kūpono i ke kūlohelohe, ola ka ʻūhū ʻohana a hiki i ka 15-20 makahiki. Wahi a nā nānā ʻana o nā mea hana ornithologists, ua haʻalele nā manu i ʻole me nā kāne he nui i liʻiliʻi, a hiki i ka 12-14 makahiki.
Puhi hakahaka i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia
Pono e lohe ʻia he hiki ke lohe ʻia nā manu Yurok ma loko o kou hale ponoʻī. Noho maikaʻi nā manu i ka hoʻopio ʻana, manaʻo nui ʻia, ʻaʻole ʻokoʻa nā ʻikepili i ka manaʻo o nā canary. I loko o nā noho hale "hawewe", ʻokoʻa loa ke ola ʻana, aia kekahi laʻana o nā manu e hilinaʻi ma luna o ka hōʻailona he 18 mau makahiki, a aia nō kekahi poʻe ʻaʻole i ola a hiki i 10 mau makahiki.
Reel
Reel a i ʻole Yurok (ʻo Fringilla montifringilla). - Kāhea manuahi, ʻohana ʻohana. Habitat - Eurasia. Lā 16 cm Ke kaukau 25 g
ʻO kahi finch kahi pili i pili i ka finch, e like me ia me ke ola. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa pinepine kēia mau manu i nā ʻohana maʻamau me nā finc, akā maʻalahi ka maʻalahi i ka plumage mai nā hoahānau ona. He mea nani ia ko ka pūnāwai o ka puna o ka finch i ʻike nui ʻia i ka nui ma mua o ka kau.
I ke kauwela, he kāne ʻeleʻele ke poʻo, ka ʻāʻī a me ke alo o ke kua, a he brown-hina i ka hoʻoilo. ʻ .leʻele ka umauma. Keʻokeʻo ke kumu o ka huʻu. Kuhi ʻia kahi kaula ocher a me kahi ʻulaʻula-ʻulaʻula ma ka lele. Nā leheleheʻeleʻele e hoʻonani i nā ʻaoʻao. ʻOkoʻa nā lauoho wahine. Kūpono ka poʻo o kā lākou poʻo, me nā kaula keʻokeʻo ma luna o ka lei. He ʻaula ke kua o ka wahine, a ʻaʻole i like ka umauma o ka umauma me he mau kāne lā. ʻO ka ʻōpū o nā kāne ka ʻalohilohi, a ʻo nā wahine wahine me kahi ʻāpana o ka melemele.
Noho ʻo Reels i nā nahele taiga mai ʻAmelika ʻĀpana a hiki i ka ʻaoʻao mamao loa. ʻO ke kumu o ka meaʻai ʻo nā mea kanu mea kanu, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā mea kanu ulu manu, akā naʻe, ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o nā ʻelele o ka ʻohana yurka i loaʻa i ka mea hānai holoholona: nā pepeke a me kā lākou. ʻOi aku ka nui o nā manu ma nā palaka a me nā ahi; Aia i nā kūmole mai nā hua a 5 a 7 paha, e like me ka endch hua. Hoʻokomo ʻia ka wahine iā lākou, a ʻo ke kāne, hoʻokūkū i ka lālā kokoke, hoʻowalewale mai iā ia me ka hīmeni ʻana. Pono e noʻonoʻo he mele ʻo ka finch mai kahi melodic, he leo o ke "buzzing" pōkole maikaʻi loa, a he haʻahaʻa loa i ka nani o ke mele o nā mele ʻē aʻe. No laila, ʻaʻole mālama pono kēia mau manu i ka home.
Ma Lūkia, ua holo aku ka laulā mai nā Kola Penina ma ka hikina ma ke Kai o Okhotsk. Reels i ka hoʻoilo ma ka hema o ʻEulopa, ma Asia Minor, ma ka hikina o Kina, i Korea a me Iapana.
Kanalua reel
Kanalua canary (Serinus canaria). Hōʻailona - Asia, Africa, Western Europe. Lā 15 cm Ke kaukau 15 g
He liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi nā kukulina, nā aniani o nā manu ʻōlima, nāhelehele i nā ʻāina nunui a me nā subtropical o ka honua. He mea hoihoi ko ka canary finch, e noho ana nō hoʻi ma nā Canary Islands, ʻo ia ka mea i hoʻokumu i nā mele i aloha ʻia kaulana a aloha ʻole - nā canaries. ʻOiai he mea leʻaleʻa ke mele o kēia canary hihiu, ʻaʻole ia he sonorous a hoihoi ʻia e like me nā mele a nā manu.
Noho ʻo Reels i nā pū, hiki pinepine iā ʻoe ke hui me nā haneli he haneli. E like me ke kānāwai, e alakaʻi i kahi kūlana noho maikaʻi, ka koho ʻana i nā wahi ʻokoʻa. Me ka hoʻolalelale ʻana, e neʻe ana lākou i lalo mai nā ala ākea. ʻAi lākou i ka hua kanu, nā ʻano kanu o ka hua cereal. Ma hea kahi nui o nā reels, hiki iā lākou ke hōʻino i ka hua.
Ma ka pā o nā hua he 3 a 7 paha, hānau ʻia nā moa i ʻelua mau pule. Hoʻokomo ʻia nā huahele me nā mea liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi, a me kekahi mau ʻano i ka makahiki "e hānai" i ʻelua mau lālā ma ka ʻēheu.
> Manu Yurok. ʻO ka ho'ākāka, nā hiʻohiʻona, nā ʻano, nā ʻano a me nā noho o ka yurka
ʻO ka wehewehe a me nā hiʻohiʻona
ʻAʻole hiki i ka hapanui o nā kama'āina o kēia mau lā ke hoʻomaopopo a ʻike i ka hapa nui o nā manu liʻiliʻi o nā manu ʻai Lūkini - ʻike ʻia nā manu liʻiliʻi a me nā hua manu.
I kēia manawa, ʻo nā manu liʻiliʻi, kahi i helu ʻia ma ka nui "o ka nui o ka manu" a i ʻole "liʻiliʻi iki i ka manu." ʻO kekahi o kēlā mau manu maʻamau maʻamau, akā ʻike ʻia ka auroch (a reel paha).
ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻoi aku ka ʻepekema ʻoihana: ʻo ka finch no ka waihona ʻohana, ʻo ia hoʻi nā ʻano he nui. Hāʻawi ʻia kēlā me kēia ʻano me ka hala, a me kekahi mau wehewehe hou, no ka laʻana, "alpine finch", "Himalayan finch" a pēlā aku.
ʻO Yurk ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo ka manu maʻamau maʻamau a kamaʻāina ma ka ʻohana ma ʻEulopa a me Russia. No ka mea e kūkākūkā nui mākou iā ia ma hope mai, e hoʻohana pū mākou i kēia inoa.
ʻO ka inoa Latin o ka yurka ka Fringilla montifringilla, hiki ke unuhi ʻia he "mauna finch". Eia loa kēia: ʻo ka Yurok kokoke loa i ka ʻeke, a ʻo nā mea he nui o ka ʻohana finch makemake e noho i ke kuahiwi.
ʻOiai ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, he manu ka Yurok me kahi hiʻohiʻona nani. He kua uliuli ke kua, he nuhvoste a ma luna o ke poʻo o kēia mau manu, aneane ʻeleʻele, ka ʻōpū a me ke kāʻei i ka huelo, ua keʻokeʻo, a me ka umauma a me nā poʻohiwi e peʻe i loko o kaʻulaʻula a ʻulaʻula paha.
ʻEleʻele a ʻeleʻele a ʻulaʻula a me nā hōʻailona keʻokeʻo e koho i nā ʻēheu. ʻO nā kala he 3 o nā makahiki he ʻelemakule maoli nō, ʻo ia hoʻi no ke kauwela: he melemele, ʻeleʻele a me ke keʻokeʻo nā polumona ʻulaʻulaʻula i hoʻopiha ʻia a hoʻohālikelike i nā wahi. ʻO nā ʻōpiopio o nā ʻōpio a me nā wahine ke nānā like ʻole, helehelena nā ʻōleʻa like a i ka holo maikaʻi ʻana o kekahi i kekahi.
I ka hoʻoilo, ua pālua nā kāne makua. ʻAʻole ʻokoʻa ka nui o ka yurka mai nā manu liʻiliʻi: ʻo 14 ka 16 cm ka lōʻihi o ka manu, 25 mau kekona ka laulā o ka yurka, ʻōwili ke kino, akā ʻupuʻu ka lōʻihi o ka ʻili ma mua o ka pua.
ʻO waho, he pili like ka finch e like me kahi yurka. He mea maʻalahi loa ia i ke hilahila i kēia mau manu no ka mea ua ʻōna pinepine lākou i nā ʻohana i hui ʻia ai ma kahi o ua ʻano ʻelua nā ʻano. E maʻalahi ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā kāne makua mai ka hīnaʻi mai kahi koloka, no ka mea, ʻaʻohe mālamalama ʻulaʻula ākea i ka plumage o ka hopena. Hāʻawi ʻia nā wahine a me nā ʻōpio kāne o ka yurk e ke poʻo ʻihiʻeleʻele (ʻaʻohe pāpale ʻulaʻula a me kahi pāpale me kahi paila ʻala, maʻamau no nā finches.
ʻO ke mele a ka yurk ʻaʻole ʻoluʻolu loa. ʻAʻole ʻo ia e hāʻawi i nā mahaki lōʻihi, he paʻakikī a kani ʻole kona leo. I ka hoʻolilo ʻana i kēia ma nā leka, e like me ka hana pinepine ʻia, he hana aloha ʻole ʻole ia. ʻO ka maʻamau, hoʻopuka ka hurok i nā nū manu a ka manu paha (ʻoi aku ka like me ka mauʻu manu, akā he keu ka hakahaka).
ʻOiaʻiʻo, kahi auroch a reel paha - kahi ʻano kaʻawale a hoʻokahi wale nō ka mea i kū ʻole ʻia i ka pae o kona nohona. Akā he nui wale nō nā ʻano finch o ka honua, ʻoiai ʻaʻole pili lākou āpau e pili i kahi yurk maoli. Ma Lūkia, i kahi hoʻohui i ka yurk maoli, aia nō:
- Noho ʻia ka mauna Siberia a Siberia paha, ma ke ʻano he inoa, e noho ana ʻo ia ʻo Siberia a me kahi mamao. ʻAʻole i like kona ʻano me he ʻano manu lā ʻo huros: ua ʻeleʻele loa ia, ʻaʻohe ʻulaʻula ma ka umauma. ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka manu.
- Alpine, a i ʻole ka hau melemele - i loko o Rūsia ke ʻike ʻia ia wale nō ma Caucasus a me Altai. ʻEleʻele-hina ke kalaʻula, ʻaʻohe wahi maka ʻula.
- ʻO ka makeʻe Himalayan - like me Alpine, akā ma Rusia ʻaʻole iki i maʻamau: akā i kēlā me kēia ona ka hoʻopuni i ko mākou ʻāina ma ka ʻaoʻao wale nō, ma ka Lāʻāina o Altai.
- Royal, a korolkovoy, finch - paha nā nani loa o nā finches maikaʻi loa o ka nui manu. He hapa liilii ia o lakou (ka liilii liilii ana mai ka pua), aka nae hiki ole ke ike ia: ma kahi aniani, kokoke i ke alo ohia, a he pāpale ulaula weliweli ma kona poo e ku nei, ka aie ka manu. Ma Lūkia, loaʻa wale kēia kuʻi i ka ʻĀkau Kaukaia, ʻAauka ʻo Stavropol a ma ke kūkulu hema o ka Teritori Krasnodar.
ʻO nā ʻano manu ʻē aʻe, ma ka inoa inoa inoa o ka huaʻōlelo "finch" i kēia manawa, ke ola ma ka hema o Rūsia. ʻIke ʻia lākou ma kahi āpau o ʻAsia, ʻApelika a me ʻAmelika, a ʻo ka hapanui o nā mokupuni. ʻO nā mea kaulana loa iā lākou ʻo Galapagos nā finches, ʻimi i nā mokupuni ma ke komohana o ʻAmelika Hema.
Kūlike nā ʻepekema ʻenehana i nā ʻano 13 hel o Galapagos. No lākou mai nā kūpuna maʻamau, akā ua ʻike lākou iā lākou iho i ka haʻalele ʻana i ka mokupuni, ua hoʻokipa lākou i nā ʻano nological ʻokalola a ua loaʻa i nā ʻano loea kūikawā: i kēia manawa nā ʻāpana like ʻole o ka nui a me nā ʻano o nā beaks, e pili ana i ke ʻano o nā meaʻai a me nā ʻano o ka lawe ʻana i kahi meaʻai.
ʻO ka nānā ʻana i nā popo Galapagos kekahi o nā impetus i alakaʻi iā Charles Darwin i hoʻokumu i kāna kumuhana kaulana i ke koho kūlohelohe i ka kumu o nā ʻano.
Nā Nānā
- 1 2 Boehme R. L., Flint V. E. ʻO ka Pukapuka Kūkākūkā o nā inoa holoholona. Nā manu.Latin, Lūkia, ʻōlelo Pelekane, Kelemānia, Palani / Ed. en. Acad. V. E. Sokolova. - M .: Rus. lang., "RUSSO", 1994. - S. 435. - 2030 kope. - ISBN 5-200-00643-0.
- Kholodkovsky N.A., Silantyev A.A. Nā manu o ʻEulopa. Hoʻonohonoho iki me ka atlas o nā manu Europa. Mahele II - St. Petersburg: Edition na A. F. Devrien, 1901. - S. 312. - 608 p.
- Arlott N., Brave V. Birds o Lūkia: He alakaʻi alakaʻi. - St. Petersburg: Amphora, 2009 .-- S. 388. - 446 p. - ISBN 978-5-367-01026-8.
Hōʻike manu
He kino liʻiliʻi ka reel i ka nui, ʻaʻole ka nui o ke koena o ka 14 cm ka lōʻihi. ʻO ka paona he 17-20 gram. Hōʻeleʻele ka plumage ma ka brisket, akā i ka hoʻololi i ke kua a me ke kua - i ka hoʻoilo, ua hoʻokaʻina ʻia kēia mau ʻāpana i ka hina-brown, a i ke kauwela ka huli i ka ʻeleʻele. He pālahalaha kona ʻano ka beak, ʻoiai he liʻiliʻi ka nui. Hoʻonohonoho ʻia ia. He anuanu a nani paha nā wāwae, he mau puʻukui ko lākou. ʻO ka males mau ka kelepona māmā ma mua o nā wahine.
No nā finches ka mea e pili ana i ka Passeriformes, i ka ʻohana finch, i ke ʻano o nā laha, ke ʻano o ka finch.
Hopu nui nā manu, akā kani mālie kā lākou mele ke noho nei lākou, akā ma ka lele e hiki ai iā lākou ke hāʻawi i nā kani mele.
Maʻaʻike a me nā meaʻai
He ʻoluʻolu nā manu ʻo Reels i ʻokoʻa ʻē ia mai kekahi. Kūpono ka mea nui kēia inā kiʻi mākou i ka aniani ma waena o kā lākou mau subspecies. Aia nā manu e hoʻohālikelike i nā kūlana o ke anā, a he nui nā mea aloha - nā inoa ma ka Hema.
He mea kupaianaha nō hiki i nā meli ke nalo i ʻelua ma nāʻaoʻao ʻelua, a hāʻawi i makemake i ke ola me ka pā.
Kahi ʻia ka wahi e ola ai - maikaʻi nā mea kanu. Makemake nā manu iā e huna i kā lākou mau moa mai nā maka aloha āpau.
Kūkū nā manu ʻaka i ka ʻai o nā pua. Makemake nui nā manu i ka mahiʻai maoli - hopu lākou i nā holoholona liʻiliʻi i ka wā o ka lele. Ma ke ala, nā huaʻai a acrobats i hiki ke hana i nā mea pākēkē a me nā ʻano ʻē aʻe.
Nā kuʻuna a me nā home
Noho ʻo Finchs ma Scandinavia, Rūsia, ʻEulopa: ʻAmelika, Oslo, Suetena, Finland, Estonia, a me kekahi mau ʻano ʻē aʻe i koho iā Azores, South Africa.
Kūkulu lākou i kā lākou mau hāheu kokoke i nā ululāʻau, nā māka, nā māla lau mea kanu. ʻAʻole makaʻu nā reels i nā kānaka, no laila hiki iā lākou ke palekana maluhia kokoke i nā hale pilikino kanaka pilikino inā aia kokoke lākou i nā kahawai a i ʻole nā lau i hoʻohui ʻia.
Hoʻokele a hoʻoilo paha
Wahi a ka reel i nā manu migratory. Ma ka maʻamau ʻo ka waiho ʻana i ka nano me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka ʻohi a hoʻi mai i ʻApelila - Mei, ma nā ʻāpana ʻokoʻa, ʻokoʻa kēia kaʻina hana. No ka hoʻoilo ua lele ia i ʻEulopa ma Asia, Asia - Turkey, Iran, Turkmenistan, Iapana, China.
Ke kūlohelohe nei, loaʻa kekahi mau subspecies o finch. ʻO ka pinepine, i nā mea āpau, me ka ʻole o ka manaʻo, he ʻano hoʻohemo wahine i haʻi ʻia, i ʻike ʻia me ka nānā o ka plumage o nā kāne.
He manu e noho ana mai Himalayas a hiki i Sahara hema. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kino 10-12 cm, paona 13-15 kākā. He kakā ka mākeke a pōkole, hina ka uliuli. Ma ke ala, ʻo ka canary finch ka manu liʻiliʻi loa ʻo ia mai ka ʻohana finch, maʻamau ma Europe.
He kilakila a hoihoi ka manu, he ʻulaʻula nui ke kala, he ʻulaʻula nā ʻēheu, he ʻupuʻu liʻiliʻi, aia i ka ʻaoʻao a me nā ʻaoʻao o nā kāne, a i nā wahine i kau ʻia kēia puaʻa ma ka brisket.
Hāʻawi ka manu i ʻelua mau pūhaka i loko o ka makahiki, ʻo kēlā me kēia me ʻekolu a ʻelima mau hua, he hulina kekahi.
Pono e hoʻomanaʻo ʻia he nui subspecies o ka canary finch, ʻokoʻa nā ʻano ʻokoʻa radely ʻole.
Kekahi Mozambique
ʻO kahi subspecies o ka canary finch ka Mozambique finch. Noho ia ma ʻApelika Hema, Tanzania, Zimbabwe, Mozambique. Loaʻa i kahi kala saturated ka mea e maloʻo ai nā waihoʻoluʻu ʻulaʻula. ʻO ka lehulehu ka poʻe mālama i kēia subspecies ma home.
Pūnaewele ʻo Mozambique i loko o ka savannah, nā nahele, nā māka. E hānai ana i nā hua liʻiliʻi, nā huaʻala, nā hua, nā pulp.
Kāne hau
He mōʻī alpine a he aihue paha ʻo ia. Noho ia ma Alps, na Balkans, ka Caucasus, nā mauna Carpathian, ma nā kikowaena waena a me waena o ʻAsia. Ke alakaʻi nei kēia subspecies i kahi kūlana maikaʻi loa.
Kūkulu ʻia ka pūnaka ma nā mauna, a i ʻole ma nā pōhaku e mālama ana i ke ʻano o ka noho ʻana i nā hipa, ʻaʻole i pālua. Nā holo holo wikiwiki me ka wikiwiki ma ka ʻāina.
I nā kala o ka plumage o kēia mau manu, ke keʻokeʻo a ʻeleʻele a me ka hina i loko o ka ʻāpana haʻahaʻa o ke kino a me ka brown i ka wahi o nā ʻēheu i ʻāmiu. Aia kahi ʻeleʻele pohō i ka ʻāʻī. ʻO ka dimorphism ka moʻoʻai i kekahi mau kāne i hōʻike palupalu loa a hiki ke hōʻike wale iā ia iho i ka hele ʻana i ka lawehala.
ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka beak ma mua o nā subspecies o nā canary; a ʻo loko i lalo i lalo ka melemele i lalo. A hīmeni nui ka manu.
ʻO ka ʻai meaʻai e like me nā hua o nā lau o ka alpine, cereals, a me nā pūʻū, nā pīpī, spider.
Redeled reel a i ole aliʻi
Noho ka manu ma nā wahi kiʻekiʻe o Caucasus, Turkey, Pakistan, Iran. Ma kahi kokoke i ka hoʻoilo, neʻe nei i India, ma ke kahakai o ka Aegean.
Ma muli o ka plumage maʻamau, mālama pinepine ʻia ka manu i ka hoʻopio, i ka hoʻohui, hīmeni maikaʻi. O ka waiho ʻia ʻana o nā kala ʻeleʻele a me ka hina kala, ma ke poʻo aia kahi wahi ʻulaʻulaʻula e like me ka Iroquois. ʻO kaʻohi iki pinepine ʻia i ka pona a me ka brisket i ʻehā
ʻAi ka manu manu i nā holoholona liʻiliʻi, a me ka millet, nā hua.
Reel konani
Noho noho o ʻApelika Hema, Angola. ʻO kahi punahele e kūkulu i kahi pūnana, koho ke manu i nā lāʻau kahiko, nā nahele.
Hōʻike ka plumage o kēia subspecies i ka helehelena o ke kukui melemele a me kaʻulaʻula. Ma nā ʻēheu aia paha nā kelepona a me nā keʻokeʻo a keʻokeʻo, nā palapu, akā ʻo ka tummy ke kala mau nei ka melemele. ʻEleʻele ka iris. Kahi ʻia ka beak i ka nui, akā ikaika i ka laulā. Hoʻouna ʻia ia i kahi waiho aniani kala. Hoʻonani ikaika ʻia ka sex dimorphism ma waena o ka wahine a me ke kāne i loko o kahi pihi ʻoluʻolu o ka wahine - ʻōpiopio ka hina i loko o ia mea, me nā wahi ʻole. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka lā 13-14 cm, ke kaupaona a hiki i 17 karā.
Nā huki kālā a Galapagos
Ua kapa ʻia ʻo Darwin, e noho ana i kahi hui o nā mokupuni o ka Pakipika - ma nā mokupuni ʻo Galapagos. End enda ka manu a hoʻopiʻi e pili ana i ʻehiku subspecies. Ua loaʻa ko lākou inoa lua ma muli o ko lākou kumu kahiko - ʻoi aku ma mua o 2.5-3 miliona mau makahiki i hala. Ua aʻo ʻo Charles Darwin iā ia iho i nā popo ma o nā huaʻōlelo o ka evolution evolution.
ʻAʻole maʻamau ka lōʻihi o kēia mau finches ma mua o 20 cm ke lōʻihi o ke kino, akā ʻokoʻa loa lākou mai kēlā me kēia i ke ʻano o kahi beak a plumage. E nānā pono kākou i kekahi o lākou.
Kūlia cactus nui
Hoʻopau o nā Mokupuni o Galapagos. ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona kaulana o ka manu kona ʻano nui. ʻO ka maʻamau, ʻo nā kapa factus male cacthes i ʻahuʻula i ka plumage ʻeleʻele, a he mau ʻulaʻula a he keʻokeʻo nā wahine. ʻAʻole like kaʻeleʻele o kā lākou puʻukū me nā kāne. ʻO ka mahalo, aia kēia subspecies i cacti a ʻaʻole makaʻu no ka hahau ʻia. Pālele nā manu i nā hua a me nā pua cactus, nā kalo.
Nā pua huli ʻole
He manu manu kēia ia manu, kahi manu e noho nei i ka ʻiʻo o nā holoholona ʻē. He ʻalohiʻi nā manu a noho i nā mokupuni o Darwin a me Wolf.
He koko koko kahe huole - ke alualu nei i kā lākou ʻai, hele mai lākou me kahi kākala holoʻokoʻa, a i ka wā i loaʻa ai ka mea pio i kā lākou mana - hoʻomaka lākou i ka pā a hiki ke hoʻomaka kahe mai ke kahe mai ka mea nāna. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻo kēia ʻāpana o ka pauʻa, a laila e hoʻopau ai i ka makewai, no ka mea ua maloʻo ke kai ma nā mokupuni. ʻAʻole lākou e mālama i ka ʻaihue - ʻaihue lākou i nā hua mai ka nest o nā manu ʻē a ʻūlū iā lākou i ka ʻāina a ʻaki lākou.
Nā reel ʻeleʻele liʻiliʻi
ʻO kēia manu ka mea liʻiliʻi loa o nā subspecies e noho ma nā mokupuni - ʻo 10-11 cm wale nō ka lōʻihi o ke kino. He hopena hope loa lākou.
Noho lākou ma ka ululāʻau lāʻau, nā lāʻau ulu, i kekahi manawa pili i nā kuahiwi, kahi e waiho ai lākou no ka manawa holo a wā nui. Mālama i nā hua waina, nā lau, nā pua.
E luku ʻia nā manu i nā mea ʻino mai nā kino o nā holoholona ʻē aʻe.
Reel Kekela Kai
He mea liʻiliʻi kēia laha, luhi. Noho ka manu ma ka mokupuni o Isabella a paʻa mau lākou i ke kūlana palekana. ʻO ka heluna kanaka o kēia ʻano he 60-140 kanaka.
Kālepa ʻia ka pala kulana i loko o ke kala hina, he kala ʻole, ʻo ka tummy ka mea ʻala ʻoliva. ʻEleʻele ka beak, nunui a nui nā maka. Hoʻopuni ʻia nā ʻēheu a me ke kāʻei o kēia subspecies.
E loaʻa hoihoi ka manu i ka ʻai - me ke kōkua o nā lālā i kāna beak e ʻohi iā ia iho i ka ʻāina no ka ʻimi ʻana i nā pūpū a i ʻole nāʻu liʻiliʻi.
Nā lāʻau helehelena
ʻO kekahi manu keu hoihoi a huki i loaʻa i ka meaʻai me ke kōkua o kahi nāhele mai kahi cactus, nāna e hoʻomaʻamaʻa maikaʻi ʻia i loko o kona pūnaka.
ʻO ka loa o ke kino o ka manu he 15 cm, ke kaupaona - a hiki i ka 20 gram.
Ma ka ʻohana o nā pua kīwila, noho aliʻi ʻo patriarchy - kū wale ke kāne i ka wahine, a pili nā mākua ʻelua i ka hatching. Hānau ʻia ʻo Kohiki ma hope o 12-13 mau lā.
Pēlā ka manu.
Kane a wahine
He manu nā manu ʻo Reels, akā ʻaʻole lākou e hoʻopoina i ka nohona ʻohana. ʻAʻole paʻa ka hui nui o nā ʻohana pili iā lākou e mālama i ka mare mau a hiki i ka pau ʻana o nā lā. Aia i loko o nā ʻano, pili ka kāne a me ka wahine i loko o ka kūkulu ʻana, akā i kekahi manawa ua hana ʻia nā manu ʻelua i kēia hana.
Aia nā ʻokoʻa cardinal ma waena o nā subspecies, no laila, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻoholo ʻia e pili ana i ka dimorphism moepoe. Ma kekahi mau subspecies, ua nāwaliwali iki ka ʻōlelo, aʻo nā mea'ē aʻe he ʻokoʻa.
Nā pono o nā cell
E kūʻai aku i kahi hale kahe nui a ākea, ʻo ka nui o ia ka mea ma lalo o 80 e 60 a 80. Hiki iā ʻoe ke koho i ka waiwai mai ka metala, akā mai poina e hoʻopā i nā ʻōpala a i ʻole nā maʻa ma waena o nā pou keleawe - nā mea aloha aloha aloha.
E hoʻokomo i ka pīpī i kahi wahi ninaninau a mālama i ka ea hou, akā ʻaʻole ka draft.
Nā hānai ʻele
Mai poina e pili ana i kahi piha piha me ka wai - nā manu e makemake pinepine e inu pinepine i ka wai.
Ma ke ʻano he mālama, hiki i ka holoholona ke hānai i nā ʻoki liʻiliʻi. E hōʻoia e kūʻai i ka meaʻai ola ma ka hale kūʻai zoo, hiki iā ia ke spider, beetles, geese. Hoʻokumu nā mea ola liʻiliʻi i ke kumu o ka ʻai manu. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hānai me ka millet a i ʻole nā cereals.
Nā Kūlana Kūʻai
- Hiki i nā pua ke hoʻololi i ko lākou waihoʻoluʻu, e pili ana i ka manawa.
- Nui nā manu o kēia ʻōiwi mai ka maluhia i nā poʻe predator e kai ana i ke koko o nā holoholona ʻē aʻe.
- Makemake nā finches e noho i loko o nā ʻohana. ʻOiai i ka home, hiki iā lākou ke hoʻonohonoho ʻia i loko o kahi aviary me nā manu ʻē aʻe, akā he mau moa wale nō, ʻaʻole nā pakeke.
- He hope loa ka huhū e noho ana ma nā Mokupuni ʻo Galapagos; heʻuʻuku kā lākou lehulehu.
- ʻO kēia mau manu, ua wikiwiki loa lākou a hiki i ka hakakā me nā manu ʻē aʻe. Akā i ka laulā holoʻokoʻa nui lākou a ʻaʻole hiki ke kū i kahi minamina.
Nā mele
Hoʻomaka lākou i kā lākou mau mele i ka moʻo. no laila, ʻokoʻa lākou mau ʻokoʻa. I ka lele ʻana, hea lākou i ka hoʻōho: "ola", "chi-chi-chi", e noho ana ma ka pūnana: "chzhzhzh". Ma keʻano holoʻokoʻa, ʻo ka mele i ka wā hana e pili ana i kahi pīpī a hōʻeuʻeu, nā leo ʻana leo.
Pūnaewele: Aupuni: Subdomain: Ka ʻole o ka pae: ʻAʻohe kūlana: Kuhi: Subtype: Infratype: Overclass: Class: Subclass: Infraclass: Order: Suborder: Family: Subfamily: Gender: View: Finch
ʻO ka finch ka manu maʻamau o ka kauoha Passeriformes. ʻO waho, he mea like loa ia me ka sparrow maʻamau, akā inā ʻaʻole like, hiki iā ia ke hoʻololi i ke kala like i ka manawa o ka makahiki. Nui nā ʻano nui o ka finch a ma kēia ʻatikala e kamaʻilio ai mākou e pili ana i nā lunakahiko kaulana loa o kēia ʻohana, hāʻawi aku i nā ʻike he nui e pili ana i ke ola o kahi manu a me kāna ʻano kūikawā.
ʻO ka kumu o ke ʻano a me ka wehewehe
Ma ke ʻano he iwi ʻē aʻe, hōʻike ʻia nā finches i ka waena o ke kenekulia 18th e ka zoologist Swedia Karl Linnaeus. I ka manawa i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ai nā manu ma kahi ʻohana ʻokoʻa, a ma hope o 100 makahiki, ua pau ka wehewehe ʻana o nā subspecies o kēia ʻohana.
Eia naʻe, ma ke ʻano he pau ʻana, hana nā reels i mau tausani i hala. Ua ʻike ʻia kēia mau manu mai nā wā kahiko, a ʻo ka ʻōlelo mua loa o nā manu i hala i ka 5th millennium BC. I ka wā kahiko o ʻAigupita, ua manaʻo ʻia ka manu me ka hoa o ka lā a he ʻano haʻahaʻa loa ke ʻano.
Nā hiʻohiʻona a me nā hiʻohiʻona
ʻO ke kiʻi: he aha ke ʻano o ka reel?
ʻO ka hiʻohiʻona o ka paule hilinaʻi i nā subspecies nona e loaʻa ai, a ma ke kahua kahi i noho ai. I kēia manawa, aia ma kahi o hoʻokahi kaukani o kēia mau manu.
ʻO nā mea nui nā:
- canary finch ʻoi aku paha ka ʻōiwi manu maʻamau. Noho ia mai ka wāwae o nā mauna Himalaya a hiki i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka wao Sahara. He mālamalama hanohano a ʻokoʻa ʻole. He ʻōmaʻomaʻo ka umauma a me ke kua o ke kuʻi kēnā a he ʻulaʻula hoʻi nā ʻēheu. E pupule maʻalahi kēia manu me kahi canary maoli, kū pinepine ma waena o ka poʻe ʻepekema.ʻO ke anima he 10 sentimita ke lōʻihi, pākahi paha he 15 mau kekona a hiki ke hoʻopaʻapaʻa, ʻo ia ka lālā liʻiliʻi o kēia ʻohana finch.
- keʻa kiona - ʻike ʻia i ka alpine reel. Noho ʻo ia ma nā Alps ma kahi kiʻekiʻe a hiki i 2000 mika, ma ke kahua ʻo Balkan Peninsula, a me ka Carpathians a me nā mauna ʻo Central Asia. ʻAʻohe ʻokoʻa e kona kala ʻokoʻa, akā no ka lola kahi e kū ʻole ai i nā manu o kēia ʻano. Ke keʻokeʻo-hina ka laulā o ka manu a aia wale ʻia ma kona ʻāʻī kahi wahi ʻeleʻele liʻiliʻi. ʻOi aku ka pōkole o ka bila o ka ʻāpana o ka hau ma mua o ke koena o ka ʻohana. ʻO kēia hana ke kumu o ka ʻai ʻana iā ia i nā hua paʻakikī,
- ʻO Mozambique finch - ʻo kēia ʻano manu e noho ana i nā ʻāina o ʻApelika e like me Mozambique, Tanzania a me Zimbabwe. He mālamalama hanohano a nani hoʻi. ʻO ka plumage o ka manu he mau ʻāpana a me nā ʻōmaʻomaʻo lahilahi, kahi e like ai me kahi lāʻau liʻiliʻi. Mālama pinepine nā kama'āina i kēia manu ma ka home a hōʻike pinepine i nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe. I ka nui, ʻo kēia manu e like me kahi pou canary a maʻalahi hoʻi i pili me nā kānaka. Ma ke ala, he mea maikaʻi loa ka reel a ka Mozambique ma nā māka nui o nā kūlanakauhale nui a ʻAmelika a ʻaʻole hilahila mai ka ʻai ʻana i nā mea ʻai,
- reel aliʻi - kahi e noho ai kēia manu - nā ʻāina hikina e like me Turkey, Iran a me Pakistan. Eia naʻe, ma muli o ke aloha nui o ka mahana, ua hele ke kolamu aliʻi i India no ka hoʻoilo, ʻoiai ua paʻakikī ke kū a hiki i ka hoʻoilo malū o Turkey a me Iran. Loaʻa i ka manu i kona inoa no ka mea ʻulaʻula, ka ʻulaʻula i ke poʻo, ka mea like me ka lei aliʻi liʻiliʻi. Kohu ʻia kahi wahi mālamalama ulaula ma ka plumage o ka ʻeleʻele a me ka hina, a kū ana mai kahi lōʻihi aku.
- ʻO Galapagos finch - kahi ʻano kūʻokoʻa e noho kūʻokoʻa wale ana ma nā Mokupuni o Galapagos. Ua aʻo ʻia e Charles Darwin, me he ʻano lāʻau i ʻano i loko o nā kūlana kū kaʻawale. I ka huina he 7 mau ʻano o kēlā mau lehelehe a ʻokoʻa lākou a pau i kēlā me kēia i ke ʻano, ke ʻano, ʻano a me nā mea hoʻōla ʻole.
Ke kumu o ka noho ʻana o nā mokupuni e kahi ʻāʻī i koi ʻia, e ʻai ana i ka ʻiʻo holoholona a inu i ke koko o nā manu ʻē aʻe. ʻO ka meaʻoiaʻiʻo aia ma nā mokupuni he ua mau ka kahe, a ke koko o nā manu a me nā mamalia e hiki ai i kēia mau keleʻai e hoʻopau ai i ko lākou makewai.
ʻO ka manaʻo hoihoi: ʻO nā ʻano hala o nā finches e hōʻike ʻia e ka sex dimorphism. ʻO ke ʻano kēia, ʻokoʻa nā kāne a me nā wahine i kēlā me kēia i ke ʻano o ke aniani. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o nā malle ma mua o nā wahine, hiki iā lākou ke loaʻa koke i nā hoa aloha i ka wā hana.
ʻAuhea ke ola a pau?
Hoʻi kiʻi: Reel ma Lūkia
Kahi manu ka ʻano manu like i hoʻopiha kūpono ʻia i nā kūlana kime a hiki hoʻi i nā lele lōʻihi me nā mile he mau kaukani mau mile.
ʻIke nui kēia mau manu a ma waena o Lūkia, me ka ʻokoʻa ʻole o nā wahi polar. Noho pū lākou i ka hapanui o nā ʻāina ʻo ʻEulopa (me nā mokupuni ʻākau e like me Sweden a me Finland). Eia kekahi, ola nā finches i loko o ʻApelika a i kekahi mau ʻāina Āsia.
ʻO ka aneane āpau nā manu he manu he migratory. Haʻalele lākou i nā wahi huna i ka malama mua loa a lele aku no ka hoʻoilo ma India, Iapana a hiki i nā mokupuni ʻē aʻe. Hiki i nā manu o kēia ʻano ke hana i nā huakaʻi lōʻihi ma kahi lōʻihi o 2-3 mau kilomita a hoʻonohonoho maikaʻi i kā lākou mau hana a hiki i nā ʻohana nui.
Makemake nui nā manu e noho i nā wao nahele, ma nā kihi o nā lāʻau nui. Hiki i nā ʻike ma nā paka ma ke ʻano anu a kanaka paha.ʻAʻole makaʻu loa nā ʻīwī i nā kānaka, hiki ke ʻai i nā māla me ka ʻoluʻolu i nā mea hana noisiest. Eia kekahi, ʻo nā ʻōlima i ulu i loko o ka hihiu e maʻalahi maʻalahi ka lau a ola maikaʻi i loko o nā cages no kahi lōʻihi.
ʻĀnō ʻoe e ʻike ai i ke ala o ka reel. E nānā i kā ia e ʻai ai.
He aha nā meaʻai finc?
Kuhi: reel manu
ʻO ka meaʻai nui a nā manu he mau inikini liʻiliʻi.
Eia kekahi, hiki i ka reels me ke kūleʻa o ia mau mea hiki ke hopu i nā mea lele lele e like me:
Mai noʻonoʻo he hiki i ka reel ke hiki ke huki wale i ka lewa. ʻAʻole mamao loa kēia mai ka hihia. Hoʻokomo maikaʻi ka manu i nā ʻōpala, nā spider a me nā mea ulu ma ka ʻāina. ʻO ia nō hoʻi, ʻaʻa ʻia ka huluhulu i kahi mamao ʻole mai ka home o kahi kanaka a me kāna mahiʻai. Ma kēia mau wahi aia mau nā mea like ʻole o nā iniseti keu.
Inā ʻaʻole lawa nā pepeke, a laila hiki i nā manu ke hoʻololi i ka mea kanu. ʻO ka mea mua, ua hoʻomaka nā huaʻai i ka ʻai o nā mea kanu, palaoa a me ka raifine, a me nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole o nā mea kanu ʻē aʻe. Eia kekahi, hiki i nā manu ke hoʻolele i nā cones, nā ʻapī peck a me nā lettuce. Akā e ʻai wale ʻia kēia mau puaʻa wale nō inā he hapa nui o nā iniseti. Inā nui nā lele a me nā pōpō, a laila e ʻimi nā manu o kēia ʻano i nā meaʻai kanu.
No ka manaʻo nui o nā fincts i ka noho pio ʻana, hiki ke mālama ʻia kēia mau manu i ka home. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hānai iā lākou e like me nā canaries. Pōloʻoli nā manu i ka ʻai i ka lula canary, ʻaʻole lākou e hōʻole i ka millet, ʻoliʻoli lākou e ʻai i nā lau o ka lice. Eia naʻe, ʻo nā palaʻai palaoa, nā maggots (i kūʻai ʻia ma kekahi hale kūʻai manu) a me nā pīpī e mālama pono ʻia no nā finches e noho ana i loko o kahi hale. Akā e hāʻawi ʻoe i ka ʻai ola i ka loli, e like me ka ʻike ʻole o ka manu i ka ana a e ʻai a hiki ke holo nā manu.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o ke ʻano a me nā ʻano hana
Kahi kiʻi: reel Winter
ʻOiai kona ʻokoʻa ʻokoʻa, he manu kō ka manu a me nā ʻēheu ikaika. ʻAe kēia mea āpau i hiki i nā finches ke noho paʻa i ka lewa a me ka leʻaleʻa e lele no nā hola he mau i ka lālani. Kānea loa kēia ke nānā aku nei i ka mākaukau a me ka loiloi o kēia mau manu i ka lewa, e hana ana i nā wahi ākea a me ke hoʻololi i ke ala o ka lele i kahi manawa koke.
Akā e pili ana ke ʻano o ke ola o ka manu i nā subspecies nona ia. ʻO ka ʻāpana o ka heluna kanaka e hoʻopili ana i kahi nohona pālua, ʻo kekahi ʻāpana e noho ana ma nā hipa liʻiliʻi o 10-20 mau kanaka. Akā ma ka hihia o ka noho like ʻana o nā ʻaina, makemake nā manu e hoʻokuʻi kokoke i kēlā me kēia a ma ka lāʻau hoʻokahi ʻoi loa kahi 2-3 nests.
Ma kona ʻano maoli, he manu leʻaleʻa a piha leo ʻo ia ka mea hiki ke hīmeni i nā mele melodic mai ke kakahiaka a i ke ahiahi. ʻO kēia mele kahi ʻano kāwili o nā trills a me nā ʻoniʻoni o nā ʻano like ʻole. A nani kēia mele a hoʻāʻo nā kāne e hoʻowalewale i nā kāne.
ʻOiai ke makemake nei nā manu i ke ala o ke ola o ka nohona, lele lākou i kēlā me kēia i loaʻa i ka meaʻai. ʻAʻole lākou i kahi wehewehe kikoʻī, akā nā finches e ho'āʻo e ʻimi wale. Akā i ka hiki ʻana i nā mokulele hoʻoilo, a laila ulu nā manu i nā ʻohana o 100-150 mau kanaka āpau a holo ka lele ma en masse. Eia kekahi, hiki i nā manu ke kali i nā laggards a mālama i kā lākou mau helu a hiki i ko lākou hiki i ko lākou hiki.
ʻO ka hoʻolālā ʻenehana a me ka hana hou
Kuhi: reel mele
ʻO nā manu manuahi ka manu. Ua koho lākou i ka hoa kāne no ke ola a kūpaʻa mau i kā lākou hoa. ʻOiai ke noho nei i nā kahuhipa nui, noho kokoke nā kāne ma kahi ʻē aʻe a hōʻike pinepine i nā hōʻailona o ka nānā.
Aia i kahi halihali, komo nā finches i ka manawa huki 1 a i ʻole 2 i hoʻokahi manawa i ka makahiki. Ma Lūkia, e kau nā manu i ka hua hoʻokahi i ka makahiki. I ʻAukelika a me nā Galapagos, huaʻai nā ʻili i nā hua ʻelua i ka makahiki.
Hoʻomaka ka wā kanu i ka hoʻomaka o Mei a kū i ka hoʻomaka o Iune. Hoʻokūkū ka kāne a me ka wahine i ke kūkulu ʻana pū o ka pili. ʻO ka maʻamau, nā kumulāʻau a i ʻole nā lālā lāʻau ʻāpono loa, ke mamao loa mai ka ʻōpala a me nā lālā maloʻo kahi hiki, e koho i kahi no ka nano.
E like me ke kānāwai, ua hoʻolilo ka wahine i nā hua he 2-8 a ʻo ka wā hatching ka lōʻihi o 12-14 mau lā. Hoʻokomo wale ka wahine i ka hani ʻoki, a komo ke kāne i ka loaʻa ʻana o ka ʻai no ia, a ma hope hoʻi no nā moa.
Hānau kūlohelohe nā keiki, ma hope o ka hebedoma ua uhi ʻia lākou i ka fluff, a hoʻomaka pū ka wahine ma ka lele ma waho o ka nalo no ka meaʻai. Ma hope o 2 mau pule hou, lele nā ʻōpiu uō i waho o ka pūnana a hoʻomaka i ka loaʻa kūʻokoʻa ʻole i kā lākou ʻai. Hoʻopilikia ka Puberty i kēia mau manu i 6-7 mau mahina, a hiki ke ola o nā reels i kahi mau makahiki 10-11 mau makahiki. I ka home, hiki i nā manu ke noho i 15 mau makahiki.
ʻO nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe
ʻO ke kiʻi: he aha ke ʻano o ka reel?
E like me nā manu liʻiliʻi ʻē aʻe, ua loaʻa i nā reels nā ʻenemi. ʻO ka mea mua, ua māhele ʻia nā wānana he ʻehā ma mua he mau ʻenemi kūlohelohe.
Hiki i kēia mau holoholona ke hopu i nā manu makua a me ka masonry hua manu.
Loaʻa i kēia mau holoholona āpau i hopu i kahi manu gape a ʻaʻole lākou e hōʻole hou iā lākou iho ka leʻaleʻa, e hauʻoli lākou i nā hua i kau ʻia. No kēia hana, ho'āʻo nā manu e kūkulu i nā ʻuʻuku i kahi mamao e hiki ai mai nā lālā ikaika a me nā kumu lāʻau.
ʻAno liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi no ka hoʻomoʻa ʻana i nā hualake. A inā hiki ʻole i nā holoholona wāwae ʻehā ke hele i ka pūnana, a laila hiki i nā nāhelehele ke ʻolo e hele a hiki i nā lālā mil loa. Wahi a Ornithologists he 50-60% o nā hua manu i mālama ʻia i loko o nā limahana a me nā pipi huki mai iā lākou.
I nā mākua, hiki i nā manu o ka ʻai he mea hoʻoweliweli. ʻAʻole ʻino nā Hawks a me nā poncon i nā manu liʻiliʻi a hoʻoulu pinepine mau, pono ʻoe e hōʻiliʻili i ka finch no kekahi mau minuke.
Hoʻokumu ʻia ka hana kanaka i ka hōʻino nui i ka lehulehu. A aloha wale nō i nā mana kūpono a kamaʻilio kiʻekiʻe, mālama nā finches i ka mālama i ko lākou mau helu a noho i ka pili kokoke i nā poʻe.
Ke ʻano o ka noho ʻana a me nā ʻano
Pono e ʻōlelo koke ʻia he hiki ʻole ke hoʻonohonoho pono ʻia i ka helu helu manu. ʻO kēia ma muli o ka liʻiliʻi o ka manu, a me kahi ʻāina nui, a me kahi noho migratory.
E like me nā helu koʻikoʻi o nā ornithologists, ma kahi o 5-7 miliona mau finches o nā subspecies e noho ana ma ka honua. Hoʻopau ʻaʻole i hoʻoweliweli a hoʻopau wale ʻia kēia mau manu, akā ʻo ka helu o lākou ka mea e hōʻemi ʻia. ʻO kēia no ka mea nui i ka pili o nā kūpuna o nā manu i hoʻomaka ai nā kānaka hana i ke kūkulu koʻikoʻi. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka hōʻemi ʻana i nā hua manu e pili pū me ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa o ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā meaʻai.
I ka manawa e hoʻohuli ai ka manu a alakaʻi i kahi nohona piha, pono ia i nā iniseti. I kēia mau makahiki i hala iho nei, ua loli wikiwiki ko lākou helu, a ma hope o lākou ua emi ka nui o nā finc.
ʻO nā makaʻu nui e loaʻa i ka subspecies o ka finch e noho nei ma nā Mokupuni o Galapogos. He ahonui kēia he subspecies, ʻaʻohe o lākou ʻaʻa o ke koko hou a ʻoiai ka nui o kēia mau manu. Akā, ʻaʻole lākou i hoʻoweliweli i ka hoʻopau ʻia ʻana o ka make, no ka mea aia ka manawa i ka manawa e mālama i ka nui o nā finc me ke kōkua o ka hoʻoulu ʻia. I kēia manawa, aia nā pōpoki i nā zoos nui āpau ma ka honua, a ʻo nā mea aloha manu e noho nei ma kahi o 100 tausani mau manu o nā subspecies.
ʻO kahi finch kahi manu pīhoihoi maikaʻi a maikaʻi i ka honua a puni. Nui ko lākou helu, a ʻokoʻa loa nā subspecies. E kūpono i ka ʻōlelo i loko o ka honua i nā pōkole, ke makemake nei i nā meaʻai kanu, a me nā huʻu vampire, inu i ke koko o nā manu ʻē aʻe ma ke ʻano o ka wai ʻole.