| Ibis | |
|---|---|
| Royal Spoonbill | |
| Kahi ʻano ʻepekema | |
| Aupuni: | Kahua holoholona |
| Kahi: | Kiʻi |
| Palapala papa: | Ola |
| Kauoha: | ʻO Pelican-e like |
| Kāohana: | Ibis Richmond, 1917 |
| Nā ʻohana liʻiliʻi | |
| |
Nā ʻohana Ibis kahi 34 mau ʻano nui o nā manu makale nui. ʻ dividedlelo ʻia ka ʻohana ma nā subfamili ʻelua, ma kamaʻawaʻi a pūpū Eia nō naʻe, ua ninaninau nā noiʻi genetic i nā ʻōlelo kuʻuna, a me ka ʻike ʻana i nā pūpula e hū ʻia ai i loko o ka honua kahiko o nā ibises, a me ke ʻano hou o ka honua hou hei ʻepala mua.
He ʻauhau
ʻO ka ʻohana ibis i kapa mua ʻia ma Plataleidae. Ua noʻonoʻo ʻia ka manamana me ka ibis e pili pū me nā hui ʻē aʻe o nā manu manu lōʻihi i ka ʻōlelo a Ciconiiformes. Ua hōʻike hou ʻo ka noiʻi he mau lālā o lākou i ke kauoha a Pelican. I ka pane ʻana i kēia mau ʻike, ka International Ornithological Congress (IOC), i liuliu hou ʻia e ka ibis a me ko lākou kaikuahine taxa Ardeidae ma lalo o ke kauoha a Pelicanaceans ma mua o nā kauoha Ciconiiformes ma mua. Inā he ʻelua hui subfamili kahi ʻelua monopolletic. Kuhi ʻia ka papa inoa o ka papa kuhikuhi no ʻAmelika Hema no ke Komite ʻo Ibisova e like me kēia ka ʻōlelo ʻana: hoʻomaopopo he koʻikoʻi koʻikoʻi i ka ʻohana. "
ʻO kahi hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ka DNA mitochondrial mai nā pulupulu i hui ʻia a me nā ʻulaʻula a me ka ʻulaʻula. Kauoha Threskiornis me Nipponia Nippon a Eudocimus e like me ka holomua o ka lālā mua a me nā hoahānau pili mamao loa, a no laila ke kānalua nei i ka wahi o ka ʻohana ma nā ibis a me nā spunbills o nā subfamili. Ua hōʻoia ʻia nā noiʻi hope loa i kēia mau ʻike i ka sībill, ka hoʻokumu ʻia ʻana o nā waihona monophyletic i loko o ka pā o nā waiwai "ibis" nui, a me ke komo pū Plegadis a Kauwe , aʻo nā waiwai o ka "New Endemic World" i hoʻokumu ʻia mai genera palena ʻia i ʻAmelika e like me Eudocimus a Kukuiana .
ʻO keʻano
ʻO nā ʻēheu lōʻihi ka lōʻihi o nā ʻohana a he 11 mau hulu hulu a he 20 mau ʻulu hulu liʻiliʻi. He ikaika a me nā puʻupuʻu, a me ke kahaha, hāʻawi ʻia i ko lākou nui a me ko lākou kaupaona, ʻo nā mea e pono ai ʻo Soarers. Hoʻopili pinepine ke kino, lōʻihi aku ka ʻāʻī, me nā wāwae lōʻihi. Ua lōʻihi ka lōlō, ua paʻa i ka hihia o ka ibis, pololei a hoʻopili ʻia ʻia i loko o nā puna. He mau manu nui lākou, akā, i ka nui o ka nui ma o nā ʻano o ko lākou kauoha, e hoʻomaka ana mai ka ibis oliva dwarf ( Bostrychia bocagei ), 45 cm (18 mauʻu) a 450 g (0.99 lbs), i ka ibis buta ( Thaumatibis gigantea ) nā 100 cm (39 i.) a me 4.2 kg (9.3 paona).
ʻO ka hoʻohalike a me ka ʻiwa
Hoʻopili ʻia lākou a kokoke i ka honua holoʻokoʻa, ua ʻike kokoke kokoke i kēlā me kēia wahi e kū ana a hoʻomanū kahe ʻana i ka wai hou a brackish. ʻO nā Ibises i loaʻa i nā wahi kuahiwi, e komo pū ai i nā ʻāina pae ʻāina.
Ma Llanos, kākoʻo kēia mau ʻāina ākea i ʻehiku mau ibis i hoʻokahi ʻāina.
He diurnal nā manu a pau, ke hoʻolilo nei i ka lā e hānai ana i ka nui o nā invertebrates a me nā vertebrates liʻiliʻi. I ka pō, e kaʻa lākou i ka pō ma luna o nā lāʻau kokoke i ka wai. Hoʻohana ʻia lākou, ʻai, ʻai, a lele pū me ka ʻike pinepine ʻana i ka hoʻonaʻauao ʻana.
ʻAnoʻi ka ʻōpiola i nā ibis iʻa, pinepine i nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi a i ʻole hīmeni paha i nā kutika, ma ke ʻano he nui i nā lāʻau e piʻi ana i ka wai, akā aia kekahi manawa ma nā mokupuni a i ʻole nā mokupuni liʻiliʻi. ʻO ka maʻamau, kūkulu ka wahine i kahi hale nui mai nā ʻohe a me nā lāʻau i lawe ʻia e ke kāne. ʻO nā nui kahiki ka maʻamau ʻelua i ʻelima; ʻo ka hatching he asynchronous. Hoʻopili ʻia nā kāne a ʻelua i nā loli, a ma hope o ka hatching, e hānai i nā ʻōpio me ka ʻāpana regurgitation. ʻElua a ʻekolu mau pule ma hope o ka hika ʻana, ʻaʻohe pono ke ʻōpio e noʻonoʻo mau a hiki iā lākou ke haʻalele i ka nalo, pinepine ka hana i kahi mea kanu akā hānai ʻia e ko lākou mau mākua.
ʻO ka pilina a me ka lōʻihi
I loko o Aferika, ua holo ka wā huakaʻi mai Malaki a ʻAukake, ma Iraq a mai ʻApelila a hiki i Mei. I kēia manawa, hui pū ʻia ka ibis laʻa i nā kolana me nā manu nui ʻē aʻe. ʻO nā pālua Monogamous, kūkulu lākou i nā ʻuʻu ma luna o nā kumulāʻau, pinepine pinepine i nā baobabs. ʻO nā ʻano hana e like me nā lālā a me nā lāʻau. Aia ka pipi i nā lā 1 a 5 mau hua. ʻO kā lākou helu kikoʻī he 2. ʻO ka nui o ka hua hoʻokahi ma kahi o 43 a 63 mm mm. Makahiki ka manawa incubation mai 21 a 28 mau lā.
Hāpai nā mākua i nā hua manu. Ma hope o ka honu ʻana i nā moa, noho kekahi makua i loko o ka pūnana no 7 a 10 mau lā, a lawe ka lua i ka meaʻai. E hōʻuluʻulu i nā ʻōpio makahiki 35-40 mau lā. E kūʻokoʻa ia i ka lā 44-48 o ke ola a hoʻohui i nā ʻōpio ʻokoʻa. I ka ulu lāʻau, ola nā ibis laʻa a hiki i 20 mau makahiki.
Kaʻai ʻana a me ka kaʻai ʻana
Ma waho o ka manawa hana nui, noho nā ʻelele o nā ʻano ʻano i loko o nā pūʻulu nui. I ka huli ʻana i ka meaʻai, ke hele nei lākou i ka wai pāpaku, ke hoʻohaʻahaʻa nei i kā lākou beak i ka wai a alakaʻi iā lākou mai kēlā ʻaoʻao a ʻaoʻao, e ʻimi ana i ka ʻai. ʻO kēlā mau mea ola e hāʻule ana i loko o ka pūka ua ale ʻia. Eia kekahi, ua hoʻokaʻā ʻia nā ʻōpala kahakai a me ka lepo me nā ʻnā a me nā ʻonā a me nā kiki. ʻAi ʻia nā baki, nā iʻa liʻiliʻi, nā inikini, nā aʻa a me nā hua o nā mea kanu aku. Aia kekahi manawa e hānai ai nā ʻelele o nā ʻano ʻano i ke kāula.
Ke kūlana ʻona
ʻO ka noho ola ʻana o kēia mau manu. Eia naʻe, pinepine ka hale ma kahi o nā noho kanaka. Hoʻokuʻu pinepine ʻia kēlā noho ʻana nā manu hemolele i waho o nā kūlanakauhale nui. Ua lawe ʻia kēia mau ʻano ma Sepania, Farani, ʻAtalia, Taiwan a me Bahrain. Ua hoʻonui koke ʻia kēia mau manu ma laila a hoʻomaka i kahi hoʻoweliweli i nā manu ʻē aʻe, e noho ana i nā wahi e pili ana i kā lākou noho. I ka hoʻoilo, ua hoʻohui lākou i kā lākou papa me ka papa ʻai, hiki iā lākou ke hoʻoilo maikaʻi ma nā wahi ʻona. I kēia manawa, mālama ka nui o nā ibis laʻa i kahi pae kūmau ma nā ʻāina āpau a lākou e noho ai.
Nāwahā. ʻIke aku i waho, he ʻano like lākou me ka puʻu liʻiliʻi. I loko o ʻAigupita kahiko ua manaʻo ʻia he mea laʻa, hoʻomana ʻia lākou.
ʻO ka wehewehe waho
Kūpono nā manu o ka ʻohana ibis i 50-110 cm. Hiki ke kaupaona ka pākeke mai 400 g a 1.3 kg. ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona ka beak. He ʻilihune, lōʻihi a kūlou i lalo. Hoʻohana kūpono no ka loaʻa ʻana o ka meaʻai ma lalo o ka pākaukau a me ka pāpaʻi. ʻO ka hapa nui o kēia mau manu, e like me ke kakaho, ʻaʻohe ʻano leo.
ʻO nā ʻēheu o ka ibis ka lōʻihi, pālahalaha, i hoʻokumu ʻia e 11 mau ʻuʻu hulu ʻehā. Mahalo i kēia, lele wikiwiki nā manu.
Hoʻohele ʻia ka poʻo a me ka ʻāʻī. ʻO ka hapa nui o kahi kanaka he crest, kahi i hoʻokumu ʻia e nā hulu mai ke kua o ke poʻo. He manu ʻo Ibis me nā manamana liʻiliʻi ʻekolu e pili ana i kahi membrane kauʻau.
ʻO ka kala o ka plumage ka mea like hoʻokahi o ka waihoʻoluʻu: keʻokeʻo, ʻeleʻele, hina a me ka, ʻoluʻolu loa - ʻulaʻula.
Noho lākou i nā nīnika āpau, me keʻole ʻia ʻo Antarctica. ʻOi aku nā punahele tropical, subtropical a me ke kūkulu hema.
He manu ʻo Ibis kahi e noho kokoke ana i ka wai. ʻO ka maikaʻi i nā wahi marshy, ma waena o ke quagmire, ma nā loko, e pale ai i nā kahawai o nā kahawai me nā lā ikaika.
Noho nā manu i nā pū o 30-50 kanaka. He ʻeha nā kānaka o nā ʻāina kūkulu hema, a ʻo nā ʻano ʻākau e hana i nā mokulele wā.
ʻO ka maʻamau, hele ka ʻōpala o nā manu i ka ʻai i ka wai pāpaku a ma ke kahakai paha, i ka lā hoʻomaha lākou, a hele i nā lāʻau no ka hiamoe i ka pō.
ʻO ke kumu o ka meaʻaiʻai ka meaʻai holoholona: nā iʻa, nā iʻa, nā palaka, nā baki. ʻO ka liʻiliʻi, nā manu ka hopu ʻana i nā mea inikua (e like me ka ʻūlū) i ka ʻāina a ʻai paha.
ʻIke hoʻāno
ʻIke ʻia nā inoa o kēia ʻohana ma ka honua, ka poʻe i hoʻomana ʻia mai i nā wā kahiko. I ʻAigupita kahiko kahi akua me ke poʻo o kahi manu ibis - Thoth. Ma loko o kāna luakini he mau hipa holoʻokoʻa. Ma kekahi o nā mea i ʻike ʻia a wehe ʻia nā hale kupapaʻu ʻē aʻe, ua nui nā manu mommified i loaʻa. Ua kapa ʻia lākou i nā ibis laa.
Nui nā ʻōna e wehewehe ana i kēia ʻano ma kēia ʻano. Manaʻo kekahi e mahalo ʻia nā mea hoʻonani no ka hoʻopau mau ʻana o nā nahesa. ʻO kekahi kiʻi hou - ka manu ibis ma Old Egypt i hele mai i ka wā o ka hoʻoilo o ka muliwai ʻo Nile, i manaʻo ʻia he laʻa. Ua maliu ʻia kēia i hōʻailona o nā akua.
I kēia manawa, hiki ke loaʻa kahi manu ma Iran a he keʻokeʻo ia, he ʻeleʻele ke poʻo a me ke poʻo o ka huelo. Noho ka ʻāpana ibis i nā holoholona liʻiliʻi i nā ʻōpala.
ʻO ka ibis kahi hui liʻiliʻi o nā manu ankle, e hana ana i ka ʻohana ibis kaawale. He 25 mau ʻano o ka ibis maoli, nā pākani pilina a lākou, he mau helehelena, a ʻo nā mea mamao loa he mau lāʻau a me nā pua.
Scarlet ibis (Eudocimus ruber).
ʻO nā Ibises nā manu o ka laulā ʻokoʻa, ke lōʻihi o ke kino e 50-110 cm, ke kaupaona - nui kilograms. Hōʻike ʻia nā hiʻohiʻona o nā ibises i nā ʻano āpau like ʻole: nā wāwae ʻokiʻoki, kahi ʻāʻī lōʻihi i kahakaha ʻia, he poʻo liʻiliʻi. Akā i nā meaʻokoʻa aʻe. ʻAʻole e like me nā moʻo, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā wāwae ibis i ka lōʻihi loa. ʻO ka ʻōpū o nā ibis āpau he ʻōwili loa a piliki ʻia i loko o kahi kuamo, ma o kēia hōʻailona ua maʻalahi lākou i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻia mai nā manu ʻē aʻe. ʻO ke kala o ka plumage o ka hua manu he hoʻokahi-ʻula - keʻokeʻo, ʻeleʻele, hina. Akā ʻo ka mea nani loa o ka ibis scarlet. ʻO kona plumage o ka ʻulaʻula ulaula a me ke kala ʻulaʻulaʻula e kū mai ana me ke ahi. He kiki manu kekahi mau manu lōʻihi ma luna o ko lākou mau poʻo.
ʻAmelika keʻokeʻo ʻAmelika ʻokoʻa (Eudocimus albus).
ʻIke ʻia nā Ibises ma nā ʻāina āpau koe wale ʻo Antarctica. Noho lākou i ke aniani, subtropical a ma ke kūkulu hema o kahi kūʻai uluʻana. Puu ke ʻano hema nā hema, lele nā ʻākau e lele. He manu nā manu ʻo Ibis, noho lākou i nā ʻōpū, nā loko a me nā kahawai me ka wai lohi, pono nui i nā lāʻau a me nā ʻihi. Noho ʻo Ibises i nā ʻohana liʻiliʻi, akā i nā wā lele a i ka hoʻoilo i hiki iā lākou ke hana i nā pua nui.
ʻO kahi pua o ka ibis laʻa (Threskiornis aethiopicus).
He mea kupaianaha naʻe nā manu e hoʻopili ai i nā hui kuʻi me nā herons, cormorants, a me nā puna. ʻO ka maʻamau ʻo ibis e hele ana ma ka wai pāpū a i ʻole i kahakai e ʻimi ai i ka ʻai, inā he pōʻino lākou e hūnā i nā mākaʻu umu a lele a lele ʻia i nā lāʻau.
ʻO Scarlet ibis ma kahi lāʻau.
ʻAi ʻo Ibis i nā meaʻai holoholona. ʻO ka maʻamau ke hele lākou i ka wai pāpaku, e hoʻokō ana i ka nuku i loko o ka wai a alakaʻi iā lākou mai kēlā ʻaoʻao a ʻaoʻao. ʻO nā holoholona liʻiliʻi a pau i hāʻule i ka beak ua ʻai ʻia. Hoʻāʻo lākou i ka lepo a me ka lepo me kā lākou ʻōpī lōʻihi i ka ʻimi ʻana i nā ʻōpala a me nā moʻo, a ma ka manawa hiki ke ʻai ʻia i ka ʻala. I kekahi manawa hopu ka nā manu i nā iniseti (ʻūlū) a paʻa i ka kālai.
Loaelf (Plegadis falcinellus).
Kūkulu kēia mau manu i hoʻokahi makahiki i: ma nā ʻano akau, e hoʻomaka ana ka wā kanu ma ka wai, i loko o nā mea uluʻala o ka ua i ka wā i ka ua. He monogamous ʻo Ibises, ʻo ia hoʻi, he mau kāne mau ka mana o nā mākua ʻelua i ka hana hānai keiki. Kahi ʻia nā nis spherical i nā ʻala a i ʻole ke kumu lāʻau. ʻO ka maʻamau, aia nā nests ma nā kumulāʻau, pinepine i ka manawa kokoke i ka nests o nā manu ʻē aʻe. Inā ʻaʻohe kumu o ke kai, ʻo ka manu uwahi i ʻahe ʻia i nā mākaʻu lololo, nā māla, a me nā ʻihi. Hāʻawi ka wahine i nā hua he 2-5. Hoʻopili nā mākua i ka pipi a mālama i nā ʻoki.
ʻO ka mokulele Scarlet.
Ke kūlohelohe nei i nā ʻaeto, e ʻānai ʻia e nā aeto, ʻili, nā puʻu, nā ʻuʻu aia ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka honua i hiki ke luku ʻia e nā puaʻa hihiu, nā alopeke, nā ʻīlio raccoon, hyenas. ʻO ka poʻe, ma kekahi ʻaoʻao, ua ʻimi nā manu e like me ke ʻano o ka maikaʻi ʻehā (no ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana, ʻo ke ʻano ʻo ibis culture i loko o ʻAigupita kahiko).
Ua loaʻa i kona inoa nā ibis laʻa no ka mea hoʻohana ʻia ma nā kuʻuna ma ʻAigupita kahiko.
Akā ʻo ka pōʻino koʻikoʻi no nā ibis e waiho ana ma ka hoʻemi ʻana o nā nohona kūlohelohe: hānō, ka hoʻopuʻi ʻana o ka ʻāina, ka hoʻokaʻina wai, hoʻohemo ʻana i nā kumuwaiwai a alakaʻi i kahi hōʻemi o kā lākou helu. No ka kuhi hewa, ʻo ka bihi ibis, ka mea i noho mua ma ka ʻaoʻao hema o ʻEulopa a me ʻAbelika ʻĀkau, e loaʻa wale nei i kēia wahi ma kahi wahi liʻiliʻi o Moroko. ʻO ka hapanui o kēia mau ʻano, ua hoʻopilikia ʻia e ka hopu ʻana i nā moa, i hana pinepine ʻia i ka Middle Ages, a no ka lehulehu ka lehulehu ʻana o nā mea noho kanaka. Hoʻokeʻo ka bald ibis ʻEulopa i ke kahakai o ʻAmelika ʻAmelika, akā ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia mai ka mea mālama, ua pau kā lākou hoʻomanaʻo i nā ala neʻe. Pono e ʻike nā kānakaʻepekema i ko lākou mau papa i ke ala kūpono i nā mokulele māmā e hiki ai ke hoʻihoʻi i kā lākou ʻano maʻamau.
Bald ibis (Geronticus eremita).
Ua ʻoi aku ka makaʻu o ka ibis Kepani. Kahi mea laha loa kēia manu ma Iapana, Kina, ma ka Penia Korea. Ma muli o ka hopuʻana, ua hōʻemi nui ʻia kona mau kānaka a laila i hōʻike ʻia ʻelua mau mea i hala! I nā manawa ʻelua, ma kahi hana ʻepekema, hiki ke ʻike i kekahi mau kanaka ma ke ʻano, akā i ka wā e hoʻāʻo ai e hoʻonoho iā lākou i loko o ka zoo, aneane make nā manu āpau. Ma ke kumukūʻai wale nō o nā hana hoʻowalewale, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻenehana incubation holomua, hiki ke hoʻonui ʻia i ka lehulehu i kekahi mau ʻumi o nā kānaka, akā, i kēia manawa ʻaʻole i hala ka neʻe o ka make ʻana o kēia ʻano.
Japanese ibis (Nipponia nippon).
No ka ibis kapu ka ʻōlelo Ciconiiformes, ka ʻohana ibis, na genus Black-necked ibis, species species ibis. Loaʻa iā ia kēia inoa no ka mea ma ka wā kahiko o ʻAigupita, ua ʻike ʻia ʻo ia he manu kapu. ʻO ka ibis he hōʻailona o Thoth, ʻo ia ke akua o ka naʻauao a me ka pololei. Ua hoʻomana pinepine ʻia ʻo ia ma ke ʻano he ibis. Ua hōʻike ʻia ʻo Thoth me ke poʻo o kahi ibis, ʻoiai, ʻo kēia manu he hieroglyphic hoʻolālā i kona inoa. Ma ka luakini o ke akua o ka naʻauao a me ka kaulike, he nui o nā māmākena o kēia ʻano. Hoʻouluulu ʻia ko lākou mau poʻo.
Hoʻaiho
O kahi e noho ai ka aina ibis Aitiopia, aia no ia i ke ao hema o Sahara, a me na mokupuni o Aldabra a me ke kai o Hawaii. Aia kekahi ʻikepili he wahi liʻiliʻi o ka nui o ka lahilahi i Iraq, a ʻoi aku ka nui o ka pololei ma ke kaawai o Euprates a me Tigris. Aia kekahi ma ka ʻike kahi i lawe ʻia mai kēia ʻano ibis i Farani, Sepania, Italia, Taiwan a me Bahrain. I laila ua ulu maikaʻi ka nui o kā lākou helu. A hiki i kahi a lākou i hoʻomaka ai e hoʻopilikia i nā manu ʻē aʻe o kēia mau wahi, e hoʻokaʻawale ana i nā pae kikowaena. ʻO nā mea nomad a me nā mea hoʻonaninani o nā ibis laa i nā wā maloʻo ke waiho nei i nā wahi huna a hoʻi wale i ka manawa nui.
Mea ʻai
ʻImi ʻo ia i ka meaʻai i loko o ka wai pāpaku o nā loko, ke kahawai, kahe, nā kahelehele o nā ʻano wai kō, a me nā māla. ʻIke pinepine ʻia lākou i nā hale luku, nā ʻāina ʻai, nā pāla. I kekahi manawa ʻike ʻia lākou i kahi lōʻihi mai ka wai, ma kekahi pāpū grassy burn. ʻO ka meaʻai nui no nā manu nā pepeke (manuahi, ʻūlū, nā ʻōpū wai), a me nā nūnū, spider, crustaceans, mollusks, palaka, nā iʻa, nā māmiki liʻiliʻi, ka mōʻaukala. I kekahi manawa ke hopu ʻia lākou i ka ʻai ʻana i nā hua manu a nā moa ponoi iā lākou iho. A i kekahi manawa e ʻai ai i nā ʻōpala a hāʻule i loko o kahi papa ʻāina. ʻAi lākou i ka lā, e hōʻuluʻulu pū i nā hui o 2 a 20 paha. Hoʻākoakoa ʻia ka meaʻai mai ka papa aku o ka lepo, a i ʻole me ka hele mālie, me kāna beak, sludge i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka wai pāpū.
Pahu a keiki
Hānau ʻia ʻo ibis ka moa i nā moa i hoʻokahi makahiki. ʻO ka pinepine, hoʻomaka ka hoʻouluulu i ka wā o ka ua. Hiki iā lākou ke hoʻomaka i ka kanu ʻana i ka wā maloʻo inā he maloʻo nā ʻuʻuku. Pololei lākou i nā nahele, nā lāʻau, nā ʻāina, ma waena o nā māla a i ʻole nā moku pōhaku. Kūkulu ʻia ia mau haleheu mai nā lāʻau a me nā lālā, a hoʻoluhi ʻia me nā lau, nāʻu, a me nā hulu nui mai nā hulu. Ma ka pipiʻi hiki ʻoe ke helu i nā hua he 1-5. I ka awelika, ua palena ʻia ko lākou helu ma 2-3 ka hua. ʻO ka nui hua hua ka 43-63 mm.ʻO nā hua ʻanuʻu a i ʻole a liki paha a loaʻa iā lākou kahi mākaʻi. He ʻano ʻalopopō lākou i ʻulaʻula, me ka uliuli a ʻulaʻula paha. I kekahi manawa, hiki ke hoʻohui ʻia i nā ʻāpana ʻulaʻula liʻiliʻi i kēia kala. ʻO ka wā hatching he 21-28 mau lā. Hoʻokomo ʻia nā hua me nā wahine a me ke kāne. Ma hope o ka hānau ʻia ʻana o nā moa, noho pū kekahi o nā mākua me lākou no nā lā 7-10, a ma ka manawa i kēia manawa, e hua ai ka meaʻai. Kūpono i nā moa ma hope o 35-40 mau lā. Loaʻa nā poʻe'ōpio i ke kūʻokoʻa i ka lā 44-48 o ke ola, ʻoiai ʻaʻole lākou e noho me ko lākou mau mākua, akā hui pū i nā ʻōpio kūʻokoʻa. No ka pō, ʻike pinepine lākou i nā lāʻau kokoke i nā loko.
He mau paona manuahi i ka wā e hana ai i ka peʻa
Helu
Ma Africa, ua manaʻo ʻia ka ibis laʻa maʻamau he mau maʻamau a maʻamau ka nui o nā manu. Loaʻa ka nui o ka ibis i laila a e like me ka ʻike data 1994 ma kahi o 200 tausani keu. Ma Iraq, e like me ka ʻike no ka makahiki 1990, ʻo ka huina he 200 nā kānaka, akā e like me ka ʻike no ka makahiki 1998, kahi maopopo loa ke kūlana o ka ibis i Iraq. I kēia manawa, ʻaʻole ʻoe i ʻike i ka ʻUhane Hemolele ma ʻAigupita (aia mau lākou ma ke kūkulu hema o Khartoum), a ma ʻAigupita kahiko nui loa kā lākou heluna (1.5 miliona mau ʻihi kūmole i kanu ʻia i loko o nā catacombs o ka Sahara) a ua ʻike ʻole ʻia lākou i nā kūlanakauhale. A hiki i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka kenekulia 19, ua hālāwai ʻia ʻo ia ma ʻAigupita, a ma ka 1850 ua aneane ua nalo aku ʻo ia. ʻO ka helu ma Farani i ka makahiki 1994 he 280 mau pālua. Inā mākou e lawe i ke kūlana ma Rūsia, a laila ma ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka kenekulia 20, hoʻomaka ka poʻe e nui aʻe nā wahi a me nā ʻāina hou aku, nā heihe wai, ʻokiʻoki i nā ulu lāʻau, ʻo ia hoʻi kahi noho i kūpono no ka hoʻokumu ʻana i nā mea noho. I kēia pilina, ua ʻike ʻia kēia ʻano ʻo ibis he manu anu liʻiliʻi loa ma Lūkia. I nā makahiki 20 o ka makahiki i hala, ua hālāwai ʻo ia i kekahi manawa ma ka muliwai. ʻO Ussurke nui, kokoke i ke kahakai Khanka a me ke kahakai o ka ʻāina ʻo Amur. ʻO ka nalo ʻana o kēia ʻano ʻano ibis mai ka manu o Lūkia ma muli hoʻi o ka nui o kēia mau manu ma ka palena ʻākau o ka awāwa - ʻo Egypt a me Iraq, kokoke i ka palena ʻo Azerbaijan. I kēia manawa, kahi hālāwai me kēia manu nani o Lūkia i kapa ʻia kahi nani a me ka laki.
ʻO Ibis ka pāpale ke manu huluhulu manuahi. Nā holoholona holoholona ʻaneʻane - kahi ʻolelo e pili ana i nā mea pohihihi a me nā holoholona liona e leʻaleʻa ana i ka helehelena, a ʻehā hoʻi i ko mākou manawa - ka manu ʻōiwi manu alima - ua loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi mea e nānā ai ʻoe i kekahi holoholona a ʻaʻole maopopo ʻole i kona kumu, a i ʻole i ke kumu maoli o kona ʻano?
Ke noho nei lākou i ka mea pohihihi mau loa, a loaʻa iā lākou ka hanohano e kapa ʻia ʻo lākou he mau ʻōpala iā lākou iho. Aia i kahi hanana o ka ʻatikala, nona ka ibis manu manu.
Seʻa manu a Ibis - wehewehe me nā kiʻi a me nā wikiō
He manu ʻōlapa ʻolua ʻolua e noho nei ma Turkey. Aia ka ʻai a nā moa manu nopis, i uhi ʻia ko lākou poʻo me ka hulu, akā ma ka manawa ua hāʻule lākou. Wahi a ia, mai ia wahi i loaʻa ai iā ia kahi inoa, a me ia he kiʻi kupaianaha.
ʻEleʻele ka hulu o ka ibis, aia ma ka lā kahi tinta-hina hina. Eia pū kekahi pūhaka i ko lākou mau poʻo hina, kahi e hōʻeha ai iā lākou.
Pākuʻi kēia mau manu i nā mea inikini, nā momi liʻiliʻi a me nā mākaʻi. Noho ʻo Ibis i kahi mau makahiki 30, i ka makahiki ʻehā ua pae lākou i nā wā ulu. ʻO kēlā me kēia makahiki, lawe ʻia ka wahine mai kahi hoʻokahi a ʻekolu mau huaʻoki, kahi i hoʻolōʻihi ʻia no nā pule he ʻehā.
Hoʻohui loa ʻia nā ʻano ʻōpiopio ma kā lākou ʻano kupanaha o monogamous, koho wale lākou i hoʻokahi mau manawa i hoʻokahi manawa manawa, a inā i make koke kekahi manu mai ke kulu, a ʻai hou nā makahiki ʻē aʻe i kēia ʻai ʻole a make ka pololi.
A e like i ka pinepine ʻana i ka maʻi bald ibis - waiho iki ʻole o kahi ʻaihue, hoʻolei ʻo ia iā ia mai ka pali, a kuʻi a make i ka make.
I ka makahiki 50, ua noho nā kānaka ma ka ʻāina o ka manu ibis, a hoʻomaka e hoʻohana i nā pesticides i kā lākou hana kūwaho, kahi e hōʻemi ai ka nui o ka manu. Ma kēia hiʻohiʻona, i ka makahiki 1977 ma ke kūlanakauhale Turkish o Birejik i hoʻokumu ʻia kahi manu manu.
ʻAʻole palena ʻia nā manu i ka lele, a holo lākou i kēlā me kēia makahiki a hiki i ka hui wale ʻana o nā ibis i hoʻi i ka home i ka makahiki 1990, ma hope o ka ʻae ʻole ʻia ka manu e lele. I ka manawa, ua nui aku nā ibis, a ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia nā manu 26, akā no ko mākou mihi nui, ʻaʻole i hoʻi kekahi o lākou. Mālama ʻia nā manu i nā waihona e pale ai i ka lele. I kēia manawa, kokoke hoʻokahi haneri o nā pēpē e noho i kahi mālama.
Eia naʻe, hoʻoulua ka ʻano o nā manu e neʻe ai, a hoʻokuʻu wale ʻia kekahi mau manu, akā aia kēlā me kēia kanaka i kahi hāmeʻa uila e kōkua ai i kona wāwae e hoʻolako i kahi liʻiliʻi i kēia mau manu kupaianaha.
He manu liʻiliʻi nā ʻōlapa o nā ʻāpana ʻākau, no ka mea, ʻuʻuku ko lākou lehulehu, no laila pono ʻoe e pale iā lākou a pono ʻoe e ʻike e pili ana iā lākou, ʻoiai hiki i kekahi mau makahiki ke nalowale loa lākou mai ka ihu o ka honua, a e lilo i mea huna o ke ʻano. Akā e pono ka manaʻo i nā poʻe ʻepekema a me nā ʻenehana hou e kōkua iā lākou e noho, a e kāhāhā hou i nā poʻe me kā lākou mea huna kupaianaha.
Ibis Makania
Ibis, nā mea e pili ana i 26 mau ʻōpū manuahi ʻaʻā nui e ʻike nei i ka subfamily Threskiornithinae o ka ʻohana Threskiornithidae (kauoha ʻo Ciconiiformes), e loaʻa pū ana i nā spoonbills. ʻO ka laulima i ka lōʻihi mai kahi 55 a 75 cm (22 a 30 mau ʻāpana). Ke kū nei lākou ma nā wahi mahana a pau nā mokupuni ʻo ka Pākīpika Hema. E hele lākou i nā lago pāpaku, loko o ke kai, ka uku, a me nā māla lau a me ka hoʻohana i kā lākou hāmeʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, i haʻahaʻa ʻia e hānai i nā iʻa liʻiliʻi a me nā moʻo palu. Holo lākou me ka ʻāʻī a me nā wāwae i hoʻolōʻihi ʻia, hoʻololi a lele ʻole. Kahu pinepine ʻo Ibises i nā kolana ākea, kūkulu i nā lāʻau ʻā nika i lalo o nā kumu lāʻau a i ʻole nā lāʻau a waiho i ʻekolu a ʻelima mau hua, maʻa mau ke keʻokeʻo a ʻūlū ʻia me ka brown.
ʻO ka lole lakaʻO Plegadis falcinellus) a me kona pilina pili kokoke i ka ibis ke alo keʻokeʻo (P. chihi) he mau liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi me nā kala melemele ʻulaʻula a me ka plumage plumage nani. Ma kahi hui e loaʻa ai lākou ma nā wahi ʻoluʻolu o ka honua.
Na ke hadada ibis, ai ʻole hadada (Kuʻi ʻia ʻo Hagedashia), i Aferika, he ibis pua nui i ʻike ʻia no kāna kāhea nui.
I ka ʻōpala'ōpī i hoʻouluhua (Pahuilani aole i ikea ma waho o Ausetalia. Ua emi mai ia i ka aquatic ma mua o nā ʻano ʻano ʻē aʻe. ʻO ka ʻūhā nui ʻana o ka meaʻai.
The manmit ibis (Geronticus eremita), he lāʻau no ka weliweli, ke noho nei i ka ʻākau o ʻApelika a me ka Middle East. ʻUlaʻula ʻulaʻula a me ka ʻili e waiho ana ma luna o kona poʻo. ʻO nā kolana pua i noho kekahi ma ka waena a ma hema hema o ʻEulopa, Suria a me Algeria akā ʻike ʻia ʻo ia wale nō ma Turkey a me Maroko.
ʻO ka Iāpana, ʻo iʻa aiʻa, nā ibis (Nipponia nippon) keokeo me ka maka ʻulaʻula. I nā ʻano luhi, ua manaʻo ʻia aia ma ka palena o ke auahi i ka hopena o ke kenekulia 20.
The au ibisʻO Threskiornis aethiopica), o ka Hikina Hema a me ʻAberika ma ka ʻaoʻao hema o Sahara a ma mua o ʻAigupita, ua hemolele ia i ka poʻeʻAigupita kahiko. He 75 cm (30 iniha) ka lōʻihi, keʻokeʻo me ka ʻeleʻele i kona mau ʻēheu, a he ʻeleʻeleʻeleʻele ma luna o ka kua o lalo a he poʻo ʻōpiopio a me ka ʻāʻī.
Iknika ibisʻEliu ʻilikai) noho i ka ʻākau ʻAmelika Hema, a me ka ibis keʻokeʻo (E. albus) waena o ʻAmelika ʻAmelika a me ʻAmelika Hema.
No nā lāʻau lāʻau, i kekahi manawa i kapa ʻia ʻo ia he ibises lāʻau, ri kāhea.
Ua hoʻonui hou ʻia kēia ʻatikala a hou ʻia e Amy Tikkanen, Luna Hoʻoponopono.
He ʻauhau
ʻO ka ʻohana Threskiornithidae i kapa ʻia ʻo Plataleidae ma mua. Ua manaʻo ʻia nā manamana me ka manuahi e pili ai i nā hui ʻē aʻe o nā manu lele ʻumiʻumi loa i ka Ciconiiformes. ʻIke hou ʻia kekahi mau lālā o lākou o ke kauoha Pelecaniformes. I ka pane aku i kēia mau ʻike, ka International Ornithological Congress (IOC) i hala nei [ iahea? ] hōʻano hou ʻia ʻo Threskiornithidae a me ko lākou kaikuahine taxa Ardeidae ma lalo o ke kauoha Pelecaniformes ma mua o ke kauoha mua ʻana o Ciconiiformes. Inā he nīnau kūkaha paha nā subfamili ʻelua. Ka helu ʻana o ke Kōmike Helu Kōlika Hema no ka Threskiornithidae e pili ana i ka ʻōlelo aʻe "ʻElua mau subfamilia ma kahi o ka make. , akā, ʻo ka genetic, pono e hoʻomaopopo i ka māhele nui loa, i loko o ka ʻohana. "
ʻO kahi haʻawina o ka mitochondrial DNA o nā puna me ka hoʻoneʻe a me nā ʻulaʻula a me nā ʻulaʻula, ʻike ʻia nā ʻōniʻoniʻu i kahi ʻoihana me ka genus honua kahiko. Kauwe, me Nipponia nippon a Eudocimus e like me ka neʻe ʻana o ka ʻohana a me nā ʻohana mamao ʻē aʻe, a no laila, ke kānalua nei ʻo ia i ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana o ka ʻohana i loko o nā subfamilies ibis. Ua kākoʻo aku nā noiʻi hope loa i kēia mau ʻike, nā kutina i hoʻokumu ʻia i ka pākuʻi monopolletic i loko o ka "malū" ākea o nā ibises, a me nā komo Plegadis a Kauwe, aʻo ka clade "World World Endemic" hou ʻia e ka genera i hoʻopaʻa ʻia e ʻAmelika e like me Eudocimus a Kukuiana.
ʻO keʻano
ʻO nā ʻēheu lōʻihi ka lōʻihi o nā ʻohana no ka hulu 11 a he 20 a me 20 kekona. He mau pū lākou ikaika a me ka mea haʻalulu, i hāʻawi i ko lākou nui a me ke kaupaona, hiki i nā soarers ikaika loa. Hoʻopili ke kino i ke elongated, ke ʻā hou aku hoʻi, me nā wāwae lōʻihi. Ua lōʻihi ka lōʻihi o ka loiloi, hoʻopiʻi ʻia i ka hihia o nā manu, kū pololei a hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i loko o nā puna. He nui nā manu nui lākou, akā he helu nui ma nā ʻano o ko lākou kauoha, e piʻi ana mai ka ibis oliva dwarf (Bostrychia bocagei), ma 45 cm (18 in) a 450 g (0.99 lb), i ka ibis buta (Thaumatibis gigantea), ma 100 cm (39 i) a me 4.2 kg (9.3 lb).
ʻO ka hoʻohalike a me ka ʻiwa
Hoʻopili ʻia lākou a kokoke i ka honua holoʻokoʻa, e ʻike ʻia ana ma kahi kokoke i kēlā me kēia wahi e kū ai a i ʻole kahe lūlū wai ʻole hou aʻe ka wai. ʻO nā Ibises ka ʻike ʻia ma nā wahi kūwaho, kahi e pili ana i nā pae ʻāina.
Kahi ʻia nā Llanos i kēia mau ʻāina ʻāina i ʻona i kākoʻo i ʻehiku mau ʻano ibis i ka ʻāina hoʻokahi.
He diurnal nā manu a pau, ke hoʻolilo nei i ka lā e hānai ana i ka nui o nā invertebrates a me nā vertebrates liʻiliʻi. I ka pō, hele lākou i nā lāʻau kokoke i ka wai. Ua gregarious lākou, hānai, lei, a lele pū me ke kuʻi ʻana, pinepine i ka hoʻokumu.
Kolikola ka manu ʻana i ka ibises, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi a i ʻole hīmeni paha i nā kutika, maʻa mau i nā lāʻau e piʻi nui ana i ka wai, akā aia kekahi manawa ma nā mokupuni a i ʻole nā mokupuni liʻiliʻi i ka pulu. ʻO ka maʻamau, kūkulu ka wahine i kahi hale nui mai nā ʻohe a me nā lāʻau i lawe ʻia e ke kāne. ʻO ka nui o ka pailima kūleʻa ʻelua a i ka ʻelima, ʻo ka hāmiʻe ʻana he asynchronic. Hoʻopili ʻia nā kāne a pau i kahi loli, a ma hope o ka hānai ʻana i ka ʻōpio ma o ka regurgitation mahele. ʻElua a ʻekolu mau pule ma hope o ka hika ʻana, ʻaʻole pono ke ʻoka o ke keiki ʻōpio a haʻalele paha i ka nalo, pinepine ka hana i nā pūhiʻu akā hoʻi e hānai na nā mākua.
