Welina ʻia ma ka ʻaoʻao 404! ʻAe ʻoe no ka mea ua komo ʻoe i ka ʻaoʻao o kahi ʻaoʻao i ʻole i noho a i ʻole ua neʻe ʻia ʻoe i kekahi ʻaoʻao.
Ua neʻe paha a hoʻopau paha paha i kēia ʻaoʻao āu i noi ai. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hana i kahi typo liʻiliʻi i ka wā e komo ai i ka wahī - e hui pū ʻia kēia me mākou, no laila e nānā pono.
E ʻoluʻolu e hoʻohana i ka palapala hoʻokele a i ʻole paha e ʻimi e ʻike i ka ʻike āu e makemake ai. Inā he nīnau kāu, e kākau i ka luna.
Apana ʻāina
No ka ʻikepili penguin (lat. Sphenniscidae) pili ka penguin like-like a ʻike nui ʻia ma nā ʻāina Antartika, a ʻo nā wahi āpau o nā mokupuni. Eia naʻe, liʻiliʻi ka ʻokoʻa o nā ʻōiwi ma aneʻi: ʻo ka imperial, papuan (subantarctic), Antarctic a ʻo ka hapa nui loa, ʻo Adelie penguin e noho ana i Antarctica. Noho kekahi mau holoholona kokoke i ke kūkulu ʻākau a kokoke i kahi o ka ekueta, akā noho wale lākou ma nā wahi o ka haʻalulu.
ʻO nā mea kanu penguin kaulana:
Liʻuliʻi a ʻulaʻula paha.
Ua loaʻa i ke koena o ko lākou poʻe kūpuna ma Peru a me Aotearoa. Aia kahi hiki ke lele nā manu ʻeke kahiko. He aha nā ʻōlelo ʻike ʻike ʻole o ko lākou mau ʻēheu? He maupuʻu a he ʻalaha ʻē aʻe nā mea o nā ʻelele o kēia wā, ko lākou mau ʻēheu i ke kaʻina hana e hoʻomaka ai e like me nā flippers a ʻaʻole kūpono ʻia no nā lele.
He manu paha ka penguin ʻo ia paha?
Ua uhi ʻia ke kino o ka penguin me kahi plumage kūikawā e like me ka hulu hipa. Hōʻuluʻulu nā hulu liʻiliʻi me ke koʻokoʻo koʻokoʻo a uhi i ka ʻili e like me ke kumu o nā unahi. E hui pū me ka ʻaila mai nā puʻu kūikawā, hāʻawi kēia i ke kino i ka kū ʻana o ka wai maikaʻi loa a me ka hoʻāinu wela.
Eia kekahi, he pāʻina kaawale o nā penguins: i loko o nā palu a me nā wāwae, hoʻokahe ke koko ʻalehu i ka wela i ka venous, a hoʻihoʻi ʻo ia i ke kino. E kōkua ana kēia i ka mālama i ka mahana o 38 mau degere a hiki i nā kūlana kime koʻikoʻi.
ʻO ka huelo ka lōʻihi o nā hulu a me nā hulu stiffer, e hāʻawi ana i ke kākoʻo paʻa. ʻO ka beak ka ikaika, lōʻihi a koi. ʻO kēia mau mea a pau, a me ka mea nui o nā penguins e waiho i nā hua e like me nā manu a pau, ʻaʻole he mea kānalua ʻaʻole ia he loko iʻa a i ʻole mammals.
He aha nā ʻokoʻa mai nā manu ʻē aʻe
ʻAʻole i like me nā wai wai ʻē aʻe, ma waena o nā penguins wai kaohi i ko lākou mau wāwae a mālama iā lākou i ke kiʻekiʻe. Lawe ʻia ka hana nui e nā ʻēheu e neʻe ana i ka pilina poʻohiwi e like me ke kānāwai o kahi huikala. Ua pōkole nā wāwae, pūnaewele, hūnā ʻia i ka ʻili o ke kino. Ka hoʻohuli ʻia ʻana o lākou, hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā wāwae o nā manu ʻē, ʻo ia ke kumu e hele pololei ai nā kahu maʻi, e mālama ana i ko lākou pale kaulike.
ʻAʻole loaʻa i nā iwi o nā iwi he nāu a like a like me ke kūlike o nā iwi mammalian. ʻO nā mea hou o nā ʻēheu a me keel sternal i ʻoi aku i ka ulu ʻia ma mua o nā manu ʻē aʻe. ʻO ka hapa nui he ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele a ʻeleʻele hoʻi a me ka ʻōpū keʻokeʻo. ʻO ke kino o ke kino a me ke kala o nā penguins e like nō me ka eider. Aia i kahi papa e like me ko lākou mau kūpuna he mau hoahānau o ke kūheu lele ʻole, ua lilo i hala i ke kenekulia 19.
ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona ʻē aʻe o nā penguins
Ma ka ʻāina kahi e neʻe maikaʻi nei lākou, ke neʻe nei mai ka wāwae a kekahi. Hāʻawi kēia ala i ka mālama ʻana i ka ikehu. Inā pono, moe lākou i ko lākou ʻōpū a me ka neʻe ʻana, lele koke i ka ʻaoʻao o ka papakū, e wikiwiki ana i ka wikiwiki o 6 km / h. I ka ʻauʻau ʻana, i mea e lanakila ai ka pale ʻana i nā wai ikaika, ke lele nei lākou i waho o ka wai e like me nā dolphins.
ʻO ka papa momona o ka subcutaneous i kahi papa o 2-3 cm ke hiki i ka penguin ke kū i ke anuanu a me ka pōloli i nā manawa.Pēlā, i ka laʻana, i ka wā o ka molting, i ka wā i ka hōʻino ʻia o ka uhi wai ʻole, e koi ʻia nā manu e noho ma ka ʻāina, ʻaʻole i hiki ke loaʻa i kā lākou ʻai ponoʻī. I kēia manawa, nalowale kekahi hapa nui o ka paona.
Noho ka Penguins ma ka maʻamau he 15-20 mau makahiki.
Ka mea i ʻimi a makaʻu a makaʻu
Ma kēia e kamaʻilio e pili ana i ka mea e ʻai ai nāu. Aia ka poʻe e noho ana i nā kai o ke kai.
· Nā ʻano like ʻole,
ʻO ka mea ʻuʻuku o lākou, e ʻai nā manu ma ka wai, ʻāʻī i kahi pū. Ua inu lākou i ka wai paʻakai, me nā wai puna hou. Hoʻokuʻu ʻia ka paʻakai ma o nā kelepona supraorbital.
Ke lilo nei nā Penguins i mea ʻai no nā mea hōʻaiʻē nui: nā māka, nā kohola pepehi kanaka, nā leona moana, nā ʻīlio hulu a me nā liona kai. Ke lawe mai nei nā Seagull i nā pilikia he nui, e luku ana i nā ʻoloke a me ka hoʻouka ʻana i nā moa liʻiliʻi.
Ma muli o ka nui o ka ʻenemi i ka wai, ke kali nei no kā lākou mau poʻe ma ka wai pāpaku, ʻaʻole pinepine ka poʻe pengu e hele i loko o ke kai i ka lōʻihi ma mua o ka make, ke neʻe nei i nā pūʻulu i kahi. Ma hope o ka mālama ʻana o ka bravest, hahai ke koena i kāna ʻōlelo. Ua kapa ʻia kēia ʻano ʻo ka "efek penguin."
Pili kanaka
ʻAʻohe mau ke kanaka ʻōpio i ka ʻiʻo penguin. Nui no nā ʻano kiko. Akā ma kekahi mau wahi, huli lākou i kā lākou momona a me nā hua, i hōʻeha nui i nā helu o nā ʻano.
Noho nā limahana o nā polar i ka hui ʻana me nā kahu loi i kā lākou makaʻu ʻana i ka poʻe a me ka hana ʻana e like me ka hewa no ko lākou mau ʻohana. Ma muli o ke ʻano o ke kino, ʻaʻole hiki i nā penguins ke piʻi ma luna o lākou iho inā hāʻule lākou. No laila, hana nā poʻe ma ke kahua, nona ka kuleana e kōkua i nā manu e ala aʻe.
ʻO nā ʻike kiʻi
He ʻike kiʻekiʻe ko Penguins, kahi i hōʻike ʻia ma nā ʻano maʻamau. No ka laʻana, makemake e hoʻowalewale i kahi mea i kau ʻia, hiki iā lākou ke pana i kekahi ʻohana i loko o ka wai, e kālai ana iā ia.
ʻO kēia mau manu kekahi o nā kamaʻāina kahiko o ka honua, i manaʻo ʻia he kanaka e noho mua ana o nā dinosaur.
ʻO Penguin ka manu hoʻokahi wale e hele ana e kū.
No ka mālama ʻana i ka mahanahana, hōʻiliʻili nā aliʻi ʻōpala i kēlā me kēia i kekahi, no ka hui pū ʻana i ka palena a i ke kikowaena i loaʻa ai ka poʻe i ka wela.
I mea e holo ai i kahi hohonu o ka 500 m, ua hoʻopau ke aliʻi penguin i nā pōhaku liʻiliʻi.
E kōkua nui ʻoe iā mākou inā e haʻi aku i kahi ʻatikala ma nā launa pūnaewele a like. Mahalo iā ia.
E kāhea i kā mākou kikowaena.
E heluhelu hou i nā moʻolelo ma House House.
ʻO keʻano maʻamau
ʻO ka mea nui loa o nā ʻelele hou o ka emperor penguin (kiʻekiʻe - 110-120 cm, koʻikoʻi a hiki i 46 kg), nā mea liʻiliʻi - nā māka o nā ʻano. Eudyptula liʻiliʻi - nā penguin liʻiliʻi (kiʻekiʻe 30-40 cm, ke kaumaha 1-2.5 kg). ʻO kēlā mau ʻano kūʻokoʻa e wehewehe ʻia e ka rula a Bergmann, kahi ʻano hoʻohālike pinepine ka mau penguins. ʻO ka ʻōlelo a Bergmann ka ʻōlelo ʻana he nui nā holoholona i noho i nā wahi anu, ʻoiai ke kōkua nei kēia i ka nui o ke ʻano o ka nui a me ka pae o ka holoholona o ka holoholona, a laila e hōʻemi ai i ka lilo ʻana o ka wela.
Emperor Penguins ma Antarctica
ʻĀina kino
Mai nā manu ʻē aʻe, ua hoʻokaʻawale ka poʻe penguins i kahi ʻokoʻa kino kino kūikawā. Hoʻolālā ʻia ke kino o nā penguins, kūpono no ka neʻe i ka wai. ʻO nā forelimbs o nā pelu he mea ʻē aʻe ma mua o nā flippers. ʻO nā māno a me ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana o nā iwi e ʻae iā lākou e hana ma lalo o nā ʻēheu me nā ʻēheu e like me nā huki. ʻAʻole e like me nā manu ʻē aʻe lele ʻole, he ʻuli ka manu me ka keaka i wehewehe ʻia, nā mea ikaika e pili pū ana. ʻOkoʻa ka lawena ma lalo o ka wai i ka leʻe i ka lewa a i ʻole ka lilo ʻana o ka ʻikepiki i ka hāpai ʻana i ka ʻēhe no ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana, no ka mea ʻoi aku ka nui o ka wai ʻana ma mua o ke kū ʻana o ka ea. kuleana no ka hāpai ʻana i ka ehe. ʻO ka iwi humerus a me ka manamana lima ua pili pono i ke kuʻekuʻe pololei a me ke neʻe ʻana, ka mea e hoʻonui ai i ka paʻa o ka ʻēheu.Hoʻolālā ʻole nā ʻāpana pectoral a i kekahi manawa hana i 30% o ke kaumaha o ke kino, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā manawa ma mua o nā pūhaka o nā manu lele ikaika. ʻAkole loa nā ʻūhā, ʻaʻohe neʻe o ke kuli, ke neʻe nei nā wāwae, a me ke ʻano o ka gait. ʻO nā wāwae nui me kahi membrane lawaiʻa pōkole loa - aʻo ia ma ka ʻāina, hoʻomaha pinepine nā holoholona, e kū ana i ko lākou kuʻekuʻe wāwae, aʻo ke kao ʻāʻī kahi kākoʻo ʻē aʻe. ʻO ka lihi o ka penguin ka pōkole loa, no ka mea, he hana ka hoʻokele i loaʻa i loko o nā wai wai i loko o nā penguins e hana mua ʻia e nā wāwae. ʻO ka lua ʻokoʻa ma waena o nā penguins a me nā manu ʻē aʻe ka iwi pili o ka iwi. He iwi tubular nā manu āpau, e ʻāʻī i ko lākou aʻe i mea e hiki ai iā lākou ke lele a holo wikiwiki paha. Akā i loko o nā penguins, ua like like lākou me nā iwi o nā mammals (nā māpala a me nā ʻīlio) ʻaʻole i ʻike ka lua.
Hoʻohālikelike
I loko o kā lākou kahi noho, ua ʻike ʻia nā pelu i nā kūlana āmaʻomaʻo loa a loaʻa i nā ʻano anatomical ʻano ʻē aʻe e hiki ai iā lākou ke hoʻoponopono pono i kēia mau kūlana. ʻO ka mea mua, kahi mānoanoa - mai ka 2 a i 3 cm - hoʻoneʻe ʻia ka papapa o ka momona no ka hoʻomohala wela, ma luna o ʻekolu mau pūpū wai, pōkole, hoʻopili paʻa ʻia kekahi i kekahi a hoʻomāliʻi like pū i nā hulu ma loko o ke kino. Apertia - ka hemahema o nā wahi ʻili i nā manu, ʻaʻole i like like me nā manu ʻē aʻe, ʻo ka mea ʻē aʻe kekahi o nā ʻano ʻōpala, kahi o ka aperia ma ka mua o ke poʻo. Mālama ʻo ka ea i loko o nā ʻulu hulu i ka wela i ka wa i loko o ka wai. A maikaʻi ka pūnaehana ʻo Penguins i "ʻōnaehana kao maikaʻi" i nā paila a me nā wāwae: ke koko hoʻoneʻe e komo ana iā lākou e hāʻawi i ka wela i ke koko vener colder e hoʻi hou ana i ke kino, no laila e hōʻemi ʻia ka wela. Ua kapa ʻia kēia kaʻina ʻo "ka loiloi backflow. I kekahi ʻaoʻao, ʻo nā penguin nā mea e noho nei i nā wai kai nūleʻa e hoʻoikaika i ka hoʻouka ʻana i ka wela. ʻO kahi māhina lākou me ka mahalo i ka nui o ke kino he wahi nui, no laila ke piʻi nei ka maka i kahi e wela ai ka wela. Ma kekahi mau ʻano, kahi ʻē aʻe i kēia, ʻaʻohe plumage ma ka ʻaoʻao mua, ka mea e wikiwiki i ka hana hoʻololi wela i ka pale.
Kūpono
Nā helu liʻiliʻi, ʻilihune, nā hulu ʻuluʻulu e like me nā hulu manu e hana i ka plumage, ʻokoʻa nā poʻe penguin he hina hina-ʻulaʻula loa o ke kua, e huli ana i ka pā uliuli ʻeleʻele, a keʻokeʻo ma ka ʻōpū. Hana ʻia kēia kala i nā holoholona lawaiʻa (e like me nā dolphins). ʻO nā melo a me nā wahine like like ʻole, ʻoiai ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā kāne. He lei ʻoniʻoni ʻoni-melemele e nānā nui ʻia ma ke poʻo i ka hapa nui o nā penguins (Eudyptes). Hōʻeleʻele a poʻoʻulaʻula paha ka polū o nā cubs, akā naʻe, i kekahi mau ʻano, ke keʻokeʻo a me nā ʻōpū. Ma ka hopena o ka hatching hua a me ke kanu ʻana o nā moa, hoʻomaka ka pelu i kahi - e hoʻololi i kahi plumage. I ka wā hoʻoili ʻana, hoʻokaʻawale nā pelu i ka nui o nā hulu ma ka manawa like a ʻaʻole hiki ke ʻauʻau i ka wai no kēia manawa a noho ʻole me ka meaʻai a ulu hou nā hulu hou. E ulu hou nā hulu hou ma lalo o nā ʻelemakule a he mea pana lākou iā lākou. I ka manawa o kēia manawa, ʻo ia ka mea e pili ana i nā ʻano ʻano like mai ʻelua a ʻeono paha pule, e hoʻohana ʻelua nā manu i kā lākou momona momona i ʻelua me ka wikiwiki. ʻAʻohe mākaʻi subantarctic (Pygoscelis papua) a me nā pelu Galapagos (Spheniscus mendiculus) i loko o kēia mau ʻano, a hiki i kēlā me kēia manawa ma waena o ka hiʻu ʻana o nā moa. I nā manu e hānai ʻole i nā moa, molting kokoke i hoʻomaka pinepine ma mua o nā poʻe ʻē aʻe.
Sight a me ka hoʻolohe
Hoʻopili maikaʻi ʻia nā maka o nā peʻinins i nā kūlana o ka ʻauʻau ma lalo o ka wai, he ʻano laulā loa ka palaoa o ko lākou mau maka, ma muli o ka ʻāina ua ʻike iki nā manu liʻiliʻi.ʻO kekahi ʻano o ke hoʻololi ʻana, ʻo ia ka kontrakility a me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka haumāna, i ʻōlelo ʻia ʻia i nā kahu aliʻi Emperor ka hohonu loa. No ke ʻano o kēia hiʻohiʻona, ʻike koke nā maka o nā penguin i ka hoʻololi ʻana i ke ʻano o nā kukui i ka wai i ka hohonu a hiki i ka 100 m.ʻO ka loiloi o ka ʻano pigment e ʻae iā mākou e ʻae i ka ʻike ʻana o ka poʻe ʻike keʻa i ka ʻāpana o nā kikoʻī ma mua o ka ʻulaʻula, a ʻike paha i nā hihi ultraviolet. Mai ka wā i hoʻopuehu ʻia ka ʻulaʻula o ka ʻāpana ʻāpana o ka haki o nā ʻāpana kiʻekiʻe o kēia wai, ʻo kēia ʻano o ka hihiʻo, ʻo ia paha ka hopena o ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka hoʻololi ʻana. ʻO nā pepeiao ʻo Penguin, e like me ka hapanui o nā manu, ʻaʻole i waho kahi hoʻolālā waho. Ke hele nei ka huehue, a paʻa lāua i nā hulu kūikawā, i ʻole ka wai i komo i ka pepeiao. I ka Emperor penguins, ma kahi o kēia, ʻo ka lihi o ka pepeiao waho e hoʻonui ʻia i hiki iā ia ke pani, a no laila e pale ʻia nā pepeiao waena a i loko o nā hōʻino kino e hiki ai i ka hoʻopiʻi ʻana i nā hohonu hohonu. Ma lalo o ka wai, hoʻāhene leo ʻole nā pelu a ma ka ʻāina e kamaʻilio ai lākou ma o nā kani ʻana e like me nā kani ʻana o ka paiki a me ka huki. ʻAʻole naʻe i hoʻoholo ʻia inā ua hoʻohana lākou i ka hoʻolohe ʻana e nānā i lalo o ka mea i hōʻino ʻia a ʻike ʻia ko lākou mau ʻenemi kūlohelohe.
Mea ʻai
Ke hoʻomau nei nā penguins i ka iʻa - Antarctic silverfish (Pleuragramma antarcticum), ka mokuʻu (Engraulidae) a i ʻole sardines (i Clupeidae), a me nā ʻuʻuku, e like me ka krill, a i ʻole nā cephalopods liʻiliʻi, kahi a lākou e ʻimi nei, me ka hāʻule ʻana ma lalo o ka wai. Inā like like ʻole nā ʻano like ʻole i ko lākou ʻano maʻamau, ʻokoʻa kaʻai ʻana: Adelie penguins and Antarctic penguins prefer krill of mauʻokoʻa like ʻole.
Kaauloa
ʻO ka awelika o ke alapine e hoʻomohala i ka wai ma waena o elima a he ʻumi mau hola i ka hola, akā eʻoi aʻe paha ke kiʻekiʻe aʻe ma nā wahi pōkole. ʻO ke ala wikiwiki loa e huakaʻi ai "ʻo kaʻauʻau me ka dolphin", aʻo ka holoholona e lele i waho o ka wai no kahi manawa pōkole, e like me ka dolphin. ʻAʻole maopopo ia nā kumu kumu no kēia ʻano: hiki paha ke kōkua i ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka pale ʻana i kēia manawa, a i manaʻo ʻia e huki wale i nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe.
Ke ʻalo nei, nīwī i kekahi mau heihei ka nui: ʻo nā mea liʻiliʻi e like me ka penguin subantarctic (Pygoscelis papua) hiki i lalo o ka wai no hoʻokahi a (emi ʻole hoʻi) i ʻelua mau minuke a kaʻu i kahi hohonu o 20 mau mika, akā hiki i ka pengu Emperor ke noho ma lalo o ka wai no 18 mau minuke a holo i lalo no nā 530 mika. ʻOiai ka hoʻomau like ʻole o ka poʻe mana o ka Emperor e ʻike ʻia nei i kēia lā, akā, ʻike nō naʻe, i ka wā e hoʻokaʻawale ʻia, ua hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ka pulua o nā holoholona i ka hapalima o ka nui o ka puʻuwai puʻuwai, pēlā e hōʻemi ai i ka ʻai o ka oxygen, e hiki ai ke hoʻonui i ka lōʻihi o ka noho ʻana ma lalo o ka wai me ka nui o ka ea i ka opu. ʻAʻole maopopo ka hana no ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ke kaomi a me ke kino o ke kino i ka lawaiʻa ʻana i ka hohonu hohonu.
Ke waiho nei i ka wai, hiki i nā penguins ke lele i kahakai i ka 1.80 m i ke kiʻekiʻe, ma muli o ko lākou mau wāwae pōkole ma ka ʻāina, neʻe ka pali mai kēlā ʻaoʻao a i kēia ʻaoʻao - kēia ʻano o ke kaʻina, e like me nā hōʻike o nā biomechanics i hōʻike, hoʻōla i ka ikaika. Ma ke hau, hiki ke neʻe ʻo nā penguins - neʻe lākou i waho o nā mauna, e waiho ana ma luna o kā lākou ʻōpū. Puhi kekahi mau ʻano he nui mau kilomita ma waena o ke kai a kahi i hoʻonoho ʻia e ko lākou koloni.
Hoʻaiho
Noho ʻo Penguins i ke kai ākea o ka Hema Kūleʻa Hema: i nā kai kahakai ʻo Antarctica, ma New Zealand, ma Australia hema, South Africa, me ke kahakai komohana o ʻAmelika Hema mai nā Falkland Islands a Peru, a me nā moku Galapagos kokoke i ka Equator.ʻOi aku ka makemake o ka penguins no laila, no laila i nā palahalulu e ʻike wale ana lākou me nā anuanu maikaʻi ʻole - ka Humboldt Keia ma kahakai komohana o ʻAmelika Hema a i ʻole ʻo Bengal Kaʻa, kū mai ma Cape of Good Hope e holoi ana i ke kahakai komohana o ʻApelika Hema.
Noho ka hapanui o nā ʻano ma waena o 45 ° a me 60 ° ka palena hema, ka nui o nā pūʻulu nui o nā kānaka ma ka Antarctic a ma nā mokupuni e pili kokoke ana iā ia.
ʻO ka noho ʻana o nā penguin ʻĀkau loa ʻo Galapagos Islands, aia ma ka ʻalika.
Penguins ma ka moʻolelo
- Ma waena o nā mea paikini Lūkini o ka mākaʻi puka Formula 1 ʻo Kimi Raikkonen, aia kekahi manaʻo i ka wā o kona mau makahiki i pāʻani ai no ka hui McLaren, nāu ʻeke (ʻike lele ʻole i ka papahele a i noho paha ma ka kaʻa pīpī) ke kumu o ka hoʻopiha ʻana i ka ʻenehana a me ka hoʻopiʻi ʻana i nā hewa.
- Aia kekahi hewa huakaʻi: "Penguin aʻO mākou iā mākou, ʻeā ».
Kuhikuhina
- Penguin.su Koho i nā ʻatikala a me nā kiʻi e pili ana i nā peluins, nā ʻike maoli
- Pūnaewele kahi e noho ai nāu kika ʻO nā mea āpau e pili ana i nā ʻelu a ʻoi aku. Nā Nūhou, nā ʻike, nā kiʻi paʻi, nā kāleka, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.
Ua hōʻike aku ka pou ma mua i kahi kumuhana aʻu e nīnau ai ma ka Pūnaewele. No laila hoʻoholo wau e aʻo hou e pili ana i nā penguins, a ma ka manawa like e haʻi wau iā ʻoe.
Keuahi (lat.Pheniscidae) - he ʻohana o nā lawehala holo ʻole, ʻo ia wale nō ka mea i like me penguin-like (Sphenisciformes). He 18 mau ʻohana i ka ʻohana. Eia hou nā mea e hōʻike aku au iā ʻoe a pau.
ʻElua mau koho kahi i loaʻa mai ai ka inoa ʻo "penguin": mai Welsh foams (poʻo) a me Gwyn (ʻokeo) e hōʻike ana i ka manu hololess eider (Pinguinus impennis) mai ka ʻohana purebreds. A ʻo nā poʻe lawaiʻa i kapa ʻia nā penguins ma ke ʻano like no lākou like. Mai ka ʻōlelo Latin "pinguis" - "kūpeʻa" ua hōʻoia ʻia kēia e ka manaʻo nui ma ka ʻōlelo nui ʻEulopa ka inoa ʻo "penguin" me ka huaʻōlelo me ka "mākaʻa"
ʻO ka hapa nui o nā ʻelele hou o ka emperor penguin (kiʻekiʻe - 110-120 cm, ke kaupaʻa a hiki i 46 kg), ka mea liʻiliʻi - nā māka o nā ʻano heʻohana Eudyptula - ka penguin liʻiliʻi (kiʻekiʻe 30-40 cm, ke kaumaha 1-2.5 kg). A eia no:
Mai nā manu ʻē aʻe, ua hoʻokaʻawale ka poʻe penguins i kahi ʻokoʻa kino kino kūikawā. Hoʻolālā ʻia ke kino o nā penguins, kūpono no ka neʻe i ka wai. ʻO nā forelimbs o nā pelu he mea ʻē aʻe ma mua o nā flippers. ʻO nā māno a me ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana o nā iwi e ʻae iā lākou e hana ma lalo o nā ʻēheu me nā ʻēheu e like me nā huki. ʻAʻole e like me nā manu ʻē aʻe lele ʻole, loaʻa ka pali i ka sternum me kahi paila ʻokoʻa. ʻOkoʻa ka lawena ma lalo o ka wai i ka leʻe i ka lewa a i ʻole ka lilo ʻana o ka ʻikepiki i ka hāpai ʻana i ka ʻēhe no ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana, no ka mea ʻoi aku ka nui o ka wai ʻana ma mua o ke kū ʻana o ka ea. kuleana no ka hāpai ʻana i ka ehe. ʻO ka iwi humerus a me ka manamana lima ua pili pono i ke kuʻekuʻe pololei a me ke neʻe ʻana, ka mea e hoʻonui ai i ka paʻa o ka ʻēheu.
Hoʻolālā ʻole nā ʻāpana pectoral a i kekahi manawa hana i 30% o ke kaumaha o ke kino, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā manawa ma mua o nā pūhaka o nā manu lele ikaika. ʻAkole loa nā ʻūhā, ʻaʻohe neʻe o ke kuli, ke neʻe nei nā wāwae, a me ke ʻano o ka gait. ʻO nā wāwae nui me kahi membrane lawaiʻa pōkole loa - aʻo ia ma ka ʻāina, hoʻomaha pinepine nā holoholona, e kū ana i ko lākou kuʻekuʻe wāwae, aʻo ke kao ʻāʻī kahi kākoʻo ʻē aʻe. ʻO ka lihi o ka penguin ka pōkole loa, no ka mea, he hana ka hoʻokele i loaʻa i loko o nā wai wai i loko o nā penguins e hana mua ʻia e nā wāwae. ʻO ka lua ʻokoʻa ma waena o nā penguins a me nā manu ʻē aʻe ka iwi pili o ka iwi. He iwi tubular nā manu āpau, e ʻāʻī i ko lākou aʻe i mea e hiki ai iā lākou ke lele a holo wikiwiki paha. Akā i loko o nā penguins, ua like like lākou me nā iwi o nā mammals (nā māpala a me nā ʻīlio) ʻaʻole i ʻike ka lua.
I loko o kā lākou kahi noho, ua ʻike ʻia nā pelu i nā kūlana āmaʻomaʻo loa a loaʻa i nā ʻano anatomical ʻano ʻē aʻe e hiki ai iā lākou ke hoʻoponopono pono i kēia mau kūlana.ʻO ka mea mua, kahi mānoanoa - mai ka 2 a i 3 cm - hoʻoneʻe ʻia ka papapa o ka momona no ka hoʻomohala wela, ma luna o ʻekolu mau pūpū wai, pōkole, hoʻopili paʻa ʻia kekahi i kekahi a hoʻomāliʻi like pū i nā hulu ma loko o ke kino. Apertia - ka hemahema o nā wahi ʻili i nā manu, ʻaʻole i like like me nā manu ʻē aʻe, ʻo ka mea ʻē aʻe kekahi o nā ʻano ʻōpala, kahi o ka aperia ma ka mua o ke poʻo.
Mālama ʻo ka ea i loko o nā ʻulu hulu i ka wela i ka wa i loko o ka wai. A maikaʻi ka pūnaehana ʻo Penguins i "ʻōnaehana kao maikaʻi" i nā paila a me nā wāwae: ke koko hoʻoneʻe e komo ana iā lākou e hāʻawi i ka wela i ke koko vener colder e hoʻi hou ana i ke kino, no laila e hōʻemi ʻia ka wela. Ua kapa ʻia kēia kaʻina ʻo "ka loiloi backflow. I kekahi ʻaoʻao, ʻo nā penguin nā mea e noho nei i nā wai kai nūleʻa e hoʻoikaika i ka hoʻouka ʻana i ka wela. ʻO kahi māhina lākou me ka mahalo i ka nui o ke kino he wahi nui, no laila ke piʻi nei ka maka i kahi e wela ai ka wela. Ma kekahi mau ʻano, kahi ʻē aʻe i kēia, ʻaʻohe plumage ma ka ʻaoʻao mua, ka mea e wikiwiki i ka hana hoʻololi wela i ka pale.
Nā helu liʻiliʻi, ʻilihune, nā hulu ʻuluʻulu e like me nā hulu manu e hana i ka plumage, ʻokoʻa nā poʻe penguin he hina hina-ʻulaʻula loa o ke kua, e huli ana i ka pā uliuli ʻeleʻele, a keʻokeʻo ma ka ʻōpū. Hana ʻia kēia kala i nā holoholona lawaiʻa (e like me nā dolphins). ʻO nā melo a me nā wahine like like ʻole, ʻoiai ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā kāne. He lei ʻoniʻoni ʻoni-melemele e nānā nui ʻia ma ke poʻo i ka hapa nui o nā penguins (Eudyptes). Hōʻeleʻele a poʻoʻulaʻula paha ka polū o nā cubs, akā naʻe, i kekahi mau ʻano, ke keʻokeʻo a me nā ʻōpū. I ka hopena o ka hatching o nā hua a me ka hoʻoulu ʻana o nā moa, hoʻomaka ka pelu i kahi - e hoʻololi i kahi plumage.
I ka wā hoʻoili ʻana, hoʻokaʻawale nā pelu i ka nui o nā hulu ma ka manawa like a ʻaʻole hiki ke ʻauʻau i ka wai no kēia manawa a noho ʻole me ka meaʻai a ulu hou nā hulu hou. E ulu hou nā hulu hou ma lalo o nā ʻelemakule a he mea pana lākou iā lākou. I ka manawa o kēia manawa, ʻo ia ka mea e pili ana i nā ʻano ʻano like mai ʻelua a ʻeono paha pule, e hoʻohana ʻelua nā manu i kā lākou momona momona i ʻelua me ka wikiwiki. ʻAʻohe mākaʻi subantarctic (Pygoscelis papua) a me nā pelu Galapagos (Spheniscus mendiculus) i loko o kēia mau ʻano, a hiki i kēlā me kēia manawa ma waena o ka hiʻu ʻana o nā moa. I nā manu e hānai ʻole i nā moa, molting kokoke i hoʻomaka pinepine ma mua o nā poʻe ʻē aʻe.
Hoʻopili maikaʻi ʻia nā maka o nā peʻinins i nā kūlana o ka ʻauʻau ma lalo o ka wai, he ʻano laulā loa ka palaoa o ko lākou mau maka, ma muli o ka ʻāina ua ʻike iki nā manu liʻiliʻi. ʻO kekahi ʻano o ke hoʻololi ʻana, ʻo ia ka kontrakility a me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka haumāna, i ʻōlelo ʻia ʻia i nā kahu aliʻi Emperor ka hohonu loa. Ma muli o kēia hiʻohiʻona, ʻike koke nā maka o ka penguin i ka hoʻololi ʻana i ke ʻano o nā kukui ʻana i ka wai i ka hohonu a hiki i 100 m.
He ʻenemi maoli nō lākou. ʻAe, a ʻo kēia hoʻi o ka toothy. E hoʻopili i kahi pou kikoʻī e pili ana iā lākou ma ka hope o ka ʻatikala.
ʻO ka loiloi o ka palapala puaʻa e ʻae ai iā mākou e hopena i ka ʻike ʻana o nā penguins i ka ʻāpana polū o ka kikoʻī ma mua o ke ʻāpana ʻulaʻula, a ʻike pū paha i nā hihi ultraviolet. Mai ka wā i hoʻopuehu ʻia ka ʻulaʻula o ka ʻāpana ʻāpana o ka haki o nā ʻāpana kiʻekiʻe o kēia wai, ʻo kēia ʻano o ka hihiʻo, ʻo ia paha ka hopena o ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka hoʻololi ʻana. ʻO nā pepeiao ʻo Penguin, e like me ka hapanui o nā manu, ʻaʻole i waho kahi hoʻolālā waho. Ke hele nei ka huehue, a paʻa lāua i nā hulu kūikawā, i ʻole ka wai i komo i ka pepeiao. I ka Emperor penguins, ma kahi o kēia, ʻo ka lihi o ka pepeiao waho e hoʻonui ʻia i hiki iā ia ke pani, a no laila e pale ʻia nā pepeiao waena a i loko o nā hōʻino kino e hiki ai i ka hoʻopiʻi ʻana i nā hohonu hohonu. Ma lalo o ka wai, hoʻāhene leo ʻole nā pelu a ma ka ʻāina e kamaʻilio ai lākou ma o nā kani ʻana e like me nā kani ʻana o ka paiki a me ka huki.ʻAʻole naʻe i hoʻoholo ʻia inā ua hoʻohana lākou i ka hoʻolohe ʻana e nānā i lalo o ka mea i hōʻino ʻia a ʻike ʻia ko lākou mau ʻenemi kūlohelohe.
Ke hoʻomau nei nā penguins i ka iʻa - Antarctic silverfish (Pleuragramma antarcticum), nā wīwī (Engraulidae) a i ʻole sardines (i Clupeidae), a me nā ʻuʻuku, e like me ka krill, a i ʻole nā cephalopods liʻiliʻi, kahi a lākou e ʻimi nei, me ka hāʻule ʻana ma lalo o ka wai. Inā like nā ʻanoʻokoʻa like ʻole i ka noho maʻamau, kā lākou meaʻai, e like me ke ʻano, ʻokoʻa.
ʻO ka awelika o ke alapine e hoʻomohala i ka wai ma waena o elima a he ʻumi mau hola i ka hola, akā eʻoi aʻe paha ke kiʻekiʻe aʻe ma nā wahi pōkole.
ʻO ke ala wikiwiki loa e huakaʻi ai "ʻo kaʻauʻau me ka dolphin", aʻo ka holoholona e lele i waho o ka wai no kahi manawa pōkole, e like me ka dolphin. ʻAʻole maopopo ia nā kumu kumu no kēia ʻano: hiki paha ke kōkua i ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka pale ʻana i kēia manawa, a i manaʻo ʻia e huki wale i nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe.
Ke ʻalo nei, nīwī i kekahi mau heihei ka nui: ʻo nā mea liʻiliʻi e like me ka penguin subantarctic (Pygoscelis papua) hiki i lalo o ka wai no hoʻokahi a (emi ʻole hoʻi) i ʻelua mau minuke a kaʻu i kahi hohonu o 20 mau mika, akā hiki i ka pengu Emperor ke noho ma lalo o ka wai no 18 mau minuke a holo i lalo no nā 530 mika. ʻOiai ka hoʻomau like ʻole o ka poʻe mana o ka Emperor e ʻike ʻia nei i kēia lā, akā, ʻike nō naʻe, i ka wā e hoʻokaʻawale ʻia, ua hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ka pulua o nā holoholona i ka hapalima o ka nui o ka puʻuwai puʻuwai, pēlā e hōʻemi ai i ka ʻai o ka oxygen, e hiki ai ke hoʻonui i ka lōʻihi o ka noho ʻana ma lalo o ka wai me ka nui o ka ea i ka opu. ʻAʻole maopopo ka hana no ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ke kaomi a me ke kino o ke kino i ka lawaiʻa ʻana i ka hohonu hohonu.
Ke waiho nei i ka wai, hiki i nā penguins ke lele i kahakai i ka 1.80 m i ke kiʻekiʻe, ma muli o ko lākou mau wāwae pōkole ma luna o ka ʻāina, neʻe ka pali mai kēlā ʻaoʻao a i kēia ʻaoʻao - kēia ʻano o ke kaʻina, e like me nā hōʻike o nā biomechanics i hōʻike, hoʻōla i ka ikaika. Ma ke hau, hiki ke neʻe ʻo nā penguins - neʻe lākou i waho o nā mauna, e waiho ana ma luna o kā lākou ʻōpū. Puhi kekahi mau ʻano he nui mau kilomita ma waena o ke kai a kahi i hoʻonoho ʻia e ko lākou koloni.
Kahi helu
ʻO ka ʻohana Penguin (lat. Spheniscidae) loaʻa i ka 6 genera, 18 mau ʻano:
Genus Aptenodytes (Imperial)
Emperor Penguin (Aptenodytes forsteri)
He mea haki ia ma ke kahakai o Antarctica ma ka hau, maʻa hema o 78 ° hema hema.
ʻO ka lōʻihi o kona kino he 110-120 cm Kaupaona - 20-45 kg.
Hoʻomaka nā ʻōhua mua i ka hoʻomaka o ʻApelila, ma hope o 25 mau lā ke kau ʻia kahi hua keʻokeʻo, hoʻokahi wale nō no ka wā hoʻoulu. No kekahi manawa, paʻa ka wahine i ka hua ma luna o kāna mau wāwae, e uhi ana iā ia me ke kaula kūikawā o ka ʻili i ka ʻaoʻao o ka ʻōpū. Ma hope o kekahi mau hola ua hoʻouna ʻia ia i kāne. Ma hope o kēia, ʻo nā wahine, kekahi i kekahi, hele i ke kai. A hala kēia mau mahina ʻelua, a ke kokoke mai ka manawa o ka huki ʻana i nā moa, i ka hopena o Iulai, ka momona, ka momona, hoʻomaka nā wahine mai ka moana. ʻIke kēlā me kēia wahine i kāna kāne me ka leo. Makemake ka 4 mau mahina, hāʻawi koke ke kāne i kāna wahine aloha i hua a me ka wikiwiki i ke kai.
Paʻu ʻia i nā iʻa liʻiliʻi, nā cephalopods liʻiliʻi, a me nā mea kanu planktonic, ʻo ka maʻamau nā euphausiid crustaceans.
ʻO King Penguin (Aptenodytes patagonica)
Noho ma ka ʻākau, ma nā wahi mahana. Aia nā kolana pala ma nā mokupuni o South Georgia, Kerguelen, Marion, Crozet a me Macquarie.
ʻO ka loa o ke kino he 91-96 cm. Aia nā kolana ma ka papa pōhaku paʻakikī. Hana hou ka hoʻoponopono i ke kauwela: kau ʻia nā hua ma ka lā nui ma Dekemaba - Ianuali. Hoʻokahi wale ka wahine hoʻokahi i hoʻokahi hua manu nui. Hoʻopili pono nā mākua ʻelua. Hatching lōʻihi 54 mau lā
Genus Eudyptes (Kuhihewa)
Pepe Penguin a Pōhaku Pōhaku, Pōhaku Pōhaku (Eudyptes chrysocome)
Aia he 3 subspecies:
ʻO ka chrysocome chrysocome Eudyptes
Eudyptes filholi chrysocome
Eudyptes mosryyi chrysocome
Noho nō ʻo ia ma ka mokupuni i uka o ka ʻāina subantarctic, akā aia kekahi i ʻike ʻia i ka ʻākau, ma ka ʻaoʻao hema o ʻApika a me ʻAmelika Hema, a ʻo ia hoʻi ma ke kahakai hema o Aotearoa.
E kiʻi i ka 45-58 cm i ke kiʻekiʻe, ke kiʻekiʻe 2-3 kg.
He ʻuʻuku ʻo ia i nā kolone nui ma ka mokupuni a me nā mokupuni ʻino loa o Tristanda Kunya a me Heard Island. I kahi kolamu nui a me ka uka, ua liʻiliʻi ʻia ka hua liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi i nā hakakā me nā hoalauna.Hoʻākoakoa nā hānai i ka lā kahu, akā hoʻi i ka pūnana i ka wā e kāhea aku ai nā mākua iā lākou e hānai. Hoʻoulu koke ʻo Kiki a mākaukau e hele i ke kai i ka makahiki 10 hebedoma.
ʻO Penguin ʻo Victoria Penguin a i ʻole ai nā Penguin i hoʻopili ʻia (Eudyptes pachyrhynchus)
He pohihihi wale nō ʻo ia ma ke kahawai pihi i hōʻea o ka moku ʻo South South ma Aotearoa, a i nā mokupuni liʻiliʻi ʻelua - Stuart a me Solander.
Hōʻea i 60 cm ka lōʻihi, me kahi paona he 3 kg.
Snarie Penguin a kālai gula paha a Snarl Penguin (Eudyptes robustus)
ʻO Snares, kahi kaula e kūlahalaha ana ma ke kūkulu hema hema o New Zealand, ʻo ke ala wale nō no kēia mau penguins.
E kiʻi i 63 cm i ke kiʻekiʻe, me ke kaupaona he 3 kg.
Noho ma nā kūlana maikaʻi loa o ke aniani ka maʻi. Pahana loa ka wai i nā Mokupuni ʻo Snares, a ʻoi aku ka pīhoihoi ʻana me nā penguins ma mua o ka ʻāina subantarctic.
ʻO Schlegel Penguin a ʻo Macquarie Penguin (Eudyptes schlegeli)
Noho ʻo ia ma ka mokupuni ʻūhono o Macquarie, aia ma ka Pakipika o ka Pakipika i kahi kokoke i ko ka wahine Antarctic.
ʻO ka nui, hiʻohiʻona a me nā ʻano hana e like me ka penguin gula ʻoihana gula.
Huli i ka 65-75 cm i ka lōʻihi, me nā paona o 5,5 kg
Ka Pula Nui (Eudyptes sclateri)
ʻEhā wale nō mau mokupuni liʻiliʻi ma ka hema o Aotearoa. Aia nā kolana nui ma nā mokupuni o Antipodes a me ka mokupuni ʻo Bounty, liʻiliʻi - ma nā mokupuni o Auckland a me Campbell.
Aia a hiki i 65 cm ke kiʻekiʻe, me ke koʻikoʻi e pili ana i ka 2.5-3.5 kg.
Ka Uluwau gula a i ʻole nā Macaroni Penguin (Eudyptes chrysolophus)
E māhele ʻia ma ka ʻaoʻao o ke kahakai ʻo Atlantika a me Inia. Susana ma South Georgia, South Shetland, South Orkney a me kekahi mau mokupuni subantarctic.
ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kino he 65-76 cm.
He nui loa kā lākou mau koloni - a hiki i 600,000 mau mea hoʻoulu. Nā makehe ma ka ʻāina, ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i nā nests primitive. 2 waiho ʻia nā hua ʻelua. Hatching lōʻihi 35 mau lā, me nā loli maʻi makua penguin
Genus Eudyptula (liʻiliʻi)
ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka Penguin, ʻo Elf Penguin, ʻoi aku ka Pōhaku Blue Penguin, ʻoi aku ka Pilikua Blue Penguin (Eudyptula liʻiliʻi)
Ua mālama ʻia ia ma kahakai ʻo ʻAmelika, ma nā kahakai o Tasmania, New Zealand a me Chatham Island.
He lōʻihi kona kino o 40 cm. ʻO ia ka mea maʻamau i ka 1-2, ma kekahi manawa he 3 mau huaʻai.
Penguin wing-ʻanuʻu, ʻuinlelo Kaheʻe Puka Lawa, Penguin ʻokoʻa (Eudyptula albosignata)
ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kino e pili ana i 30 cm a me ke kaumaha 1.5 kg. Hoʻomaka wale ʻia nā ʻokoʻa i ka mokupuni ʻo Motunau, kokoke i Canterbury (New Zealand).
Genus Megadyptes (Kiʻi ʻia)
Penguin nui, penguin yellow-eyed, Antipodes penguin, Hoiho penguin (Megadyptes antipodes)
E kuʻi ana i ka ʻaoʻao hema o nā mokupuni o Aotearoa a me nā mokupuni o Stuart, Auckland a me Campbell i ka mahina o Kepakemapa - Nowemapa.
Loaʻa ka lōʻihi o ke kino i 83 cm.
ʻAʻole hana kēia mau manu i nā koloni a ma nā ʻano nīhou i nā pālua ʻelua. ʻO nā pengu ʻōpio (i ka makahiki he 3 mau makahiki) e waiho i ka 1 hua manu ma kēlā me kēia, ʻoiai nā ʻōpio ʻoi aku ka wā 2 mau ʻēki. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka incubation o ka penguin kupaianaha he 4 mau wiki. Ke hele nei ka moekolohe male wahine, kokoke, i ka makahiki 4-5 o ke ola.
Genus Pygoscelis (Antarctic)
Adelie Penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae)
He mea hina ia me ke kahakai o ka ʻāina Antarctic a ma nā mokupuni i kokoke i ka ʻāina: South Shetland, South Orkney a me South Sandwich. Ma waho, e lele ākea ana ka manawa hana, e neʻe ana i ka 600-700 km mai ko lākou wahi kamaʻāina.
He manu liʻiliʻi kēia, a i ke kiʻekiʻe o 80 cm. Aia nā poʻi e pili ana i nā kahua paʻa, ʻaʻohe ʻeleʻele. I nā kolana pilikino he mau tausani o nā manu. E hoʻopili ʻia he 2 mau huaʻai, e waiho ʻia me kahi wā o 2-4 mau lā. ʻO ka lōʻihi o kā lākou incubation he 33-38 lā.
Antikopa Penguin (Pygoscelis antarctica)
Noho nui ia ma nā mokupuni pākahi o ka ʻāina subantarctic.
I ke kiʻekiʻe hiki ke 71-76 cm me ke kaumaha o 4 kg.
He kūwili loa kēia mau penguins. Aia kekahi mau ʻike e ʻike i ka hoʻouka ʻana o kēia mau manu ma luna o ka poʻe e hoʻokokoke nei i ka kolone. ʻAʻole like me nā ʻano ʻē aʻe, e hānai ana i kā lāua mau keikikāne ʻelua.
ʻO nā penguin Subantarctic, Gentoo penguin (Pygoscelis papua)
Kēia manu manu kēia ma ka ʻAle Antekika a me nā mokupuni o ka'āina subantarctic, a me ka mokupuni ʻo Falkland a me nā Mokupuni ʻo Crozet. Hoʻonohonoho ʻia nā nests ma waena o nā mania o ka mauʻu hehi.
Ikale i 2 mau huaʻai. Pono ke hakakā o kā Kohiki no nā mākua e hānai iā lākou. Holo akula ka makua, a ho'āʻo nā keiki e hopu me ia.ʻOi aku ka moa o ka moa a ʻoi ka mea nui a lanakila ka moa; ʻo ka ʻāpana lua e hānai wale ʻia inā he nui nā meaʻai. A i ʻole, make ia. Me ka kiʻekiʻe o 75-90 cm a me ke kaumaha o kahi 6 kg, ʻo kēia penguin ka ʻelima nui loa o ka hanana genus Long-Tailed Penguin.
Genus Spheniscus (Spectacle)
ʻAmelika Penguin, ʻAmelika Penguin (Spheniscus demersus)
Hoʻouna ʻia mai ka ʻaoʻao hema a me ke komohana hema o ʻApelika.
ʻO ka lōʻihi loa o ke kino he 61-86 cm.
Hana ʻia ka hoʻoponopono i loko o ka makahiki nui, ʻo ia ka nui o Mei-Iune.
ʻO Galapagos Penguin (Spheniscus mendiculus)
ʻO kēia wale nō ka penguin e kū nei i ka mokupuni. Nā huaʻehā, helu 2, ua waiho ka wahine i nā puʻu o nā pōhaku i ke kau anuanu (Mei-Iune).
ʻO kēia ka mea liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi o nā hua o nā pelu heʻe, hiki ke kiʻekiʻe o 53 cm, ke kaupaʻa ʻana he 2-2.5 kg.
ʻOiai ke noho nei nā pōleʻele o Galapagos ma nā mokupuni, kahi e piʻi pinepine ai ka mahana i ka 38 ° C, loaʻa lākou i ka meaʻai no lākou iho i ka wai anuanu o ka Cromwell.
Humboldt Penguin, Peru Fanua (Spheniscus humboldti)
Noho? Ana i ka mokupuni ma kahakai komohana o ʻAmelika Hema, ke kahakai o Peru a me Kili.
E kiʻi i kahi kiʻekiʻe o 55-56 cm, me ke koʻikoʻi o 5 kg.
Endangered, liʻiliʻi ma mua o 10 tausani mau manu
Keku Manukila (Spheniscus magellanicus)
Noho ʻo ia e kū ana ma ke kahakai paʻa hema a me ka hema o ʻAmelika Hema a me ka mokupuni ʻo Falkland.
E hiki ana i kahi kiʻekiʻe o 70 cm ke kaupaona nei he 4 kg.
Aia i kahakai i ka wā hoʻoulu, makaʻu kēia mau manu a ʻike aku nei i kekahi kanaka, peʻe lākou i nā pūhaka hohonu, i loko o ka wai ʻaʻole lākou i makaʻu āpau i nā kānaka a hiki ʻole ke makaʻu loa. He nui ka nui o kēia mau manu i ka nui (1-2 miliona) a ʻike ʻole.
Noho ʻo Penguins i ke kai ākea o ka Hema Kūleʻa Hema: i nā kai kahakai ʻo Antarctica, ma New Zealand, ma Australia hema, South Africa, me ke kahakai komohana o ʻAmelika Hema mai nā Falkland Islands a Peru, a me nā moku Galapagos kokoke i ka Equator. ʻOi aku ka makemake o ka Penguins no laila, no laila i nā palahalulu e ʻike wale ana lākou me nā anuanu maikaʻi ʻole - ka Humboldt Keia ma kahakai komohana o ʻAmelika Hema a i ʻole ʻo Bengal Kaʻa, kū mai ma Cape of Good Hope e holoi ana i ke kahakai komohana o ʻApelika Hema.
Noho ka hapanui o nā ʻano ma waena o 45 ° a me 60 ° ka palena hema, ka nui o nā pūʻulu nui o nā kānaka ma ka Antarctic a ma nā mokupuni e pili kokoke ana iā ia.
ʻO ka wahi noho nui loa o nā penguins ʻo Galapagos Islands, aia ma ka ʻalika.
Pahu pinepine nā Penguins i nā kolu nunui, pinepine i nā helu he ʻumi a he mau tausani paha paha. Loaʻa ka mākua ʻelua i ka lawe ʻana i nā hua a me ka hānai ʻana i nā moa. ʻO nā iʻa a me nā ʻōpekahi i mau ʻāpana a kālai ʻia e nā mākua. Kuʻu ʻōpala nā puʻupuʻu mai ke anuanu ma nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi o ka ʻōpū o ka makua.
Ma nā wahi anuanu o Antarctic, hoʻokahi hāmeʻa hua manu; ma ka wela a me nā wahi mahana, aia nā hua he nui.
a me kekahi mau ʻike maka pōkole:
Noho ka poʻe Penguins āpau i ka hemisphere kūkulu hema, i kekahi manawa e piʻi mau i ka ʻākau (i ke kiʻi ʻo Galapagos, kokoke i ka ekuika) a i ʻole nā kūlanakauhale nui ʻē aʻe (Northern Harbour area ma Sydney, Australia). ʻO ka noho ʻana o Cody no Shiverpool ma Antarctica, akā hauʻoli ʻo ia e noho ma ka mokupuni o Pen Gu.
Hiki ke kū pololei nā Penguins no ka mea aia ko lākou mau wāwae pūnaewele ma ka hope o ke kino. Hoʻololi ʻo ia iā lākou me nā mea lawaiʻa wikiwiki a ikaika loa, inā e hui pū ʻia me nā ʻēheu ʻehā. ʻO ia ke ʻano e hoʻomoʻi ai ʻo Cody i ke kohola Mikey a loaʻa i kahi tiketi no ka hoʻokūkū ʻo Big Zee.
ʻO nā penguins nā manu kūikawā, nā ʻāpana like penguin, he ʻohana penguin. ʻAʻole like ka hapanui o nā manu, lele ʻole kēia mau manu, akā ua lele lākou a holo maikaʻi. No kēia, he wahi kūpono lākou - ka pae kino i hoʻopili ʻia, nā hulu kokoke, kūpono i ka ʻāwīwī a me ke kuʻiki koi.
Aia kekahi hanana kuhihewa maʻamau e pili ana i kā lākou kikowaena.ʻO nā mea āpau a ka poʻe e ʻike e pili ana i kēia mau manu ua lawe ʻia mai nā kiʻi ʻoniʻoni, kiʻiʻoniʻoni a, mai kahi kikoʻī, mai nā encyclopedia. Pā nā Penguins i kā lākou mau pupuā. Ma kahi ʻāina, ʻaʻole hiki i kēia mau manu ke neʻe mai, hoʻomāneʻe mai ka wāwae a hiki i ka wāwae. He maikaʻi loa lākou, kiʻi pinepine ko lākou kiʻi e hana i nā mea pāʻani haʻalulu, kiʻi a me nā hoʻolaha. Inā e nīnau i ka ʻumi poʻe e pili ana i kahi o nā penguins e noho nei, e pane ʻewalu o lākou e noho ana kēia mau manu i ka ʻĀkau. Akā ʻaʻole kēia pēlā.
Nā hiʻohiʻona hana Penguin
Ua ʻōlelo ʻia kēlā ke kino kino Kōkua, stream stream ʻano. ʻO kona mau eheu, ma muli o ka ulu me ka hoʻololi ʻana, ua lilo i mau ʻāpana mālamalama. Ke ʻauʻau ʻo ia i lalo o ke kai, ua huli ke kaʻe o kona poʻohiwi e like me ka huila. ʻEhā pokole nā wāwae o ka manu, ʻehā manamana lima. Loaʻa iā ia kekahi membranes ma waena o kona mau manamana lima e kōkua ana i ka maneuvering aau. ʻO kekahi hiʻohiʻona o ka hoʻolālā meaʻokoʻa i nā penguin mai nā manu ʻē aʻe - ua hoʻoliʻi ʻia kona mau wāwae i hope. Mahalo i kēia, kū ʻo ia a neʻe maoli ma ka ʻāina pololei.
No ka mālama i ka kaulike, hoʻohana ka penguin i kāna huʻu pōkole i ke kākoʻo. ʻAʻole like ʻo ia kona mau iwi e like me ka nui o nā manu, akā e like me ka nui o nā ʻōpū o nā moʻo moana. A no ka hoʻomehana thermal, e like me nā holoholona a pau e noho ana i ke anuanu, he pā momona ka momona momona o ka penguin. ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona o kā lākou pala'āpala e pale aku i nā manu mai ka anu a me ka ʻoo. Hoʻopili pololei nā hulu i ke poʻo mai ke poʻo a i nā wāwae. ʻAʻole haʻaheo nā manu i kēlā me kēia ʻāpana - he uliuli ka manu a he ʻōpū keʻokeʻo. Hoʻonohonoho maikaʻi ke kala ʻeleʻele i ka wela mai ka lā a kōkua pū hoʻi me ka thermoregulation ākea.
ʻAi nā Penguins iʻa, nā ʻōpala a me nā meaʻokoʻa ʻē aʻe. Ua hoʻonohonoho maikaʻi ʻia kā lākou kamaʻilio waha - i mea e hopu ai i ka ʻai, e ʻōloʻi kekahi manu me ka wai.
ʻO kekahi manawa, nā molts manu. I kēia manawa, nānā a me ka nānā pono. ʻAʻole hoʻololi ʻia ka plumage i ka manawa like, a kau nā hulu ʻumi kahiko i mau piula nui i loko o kona kino a pau. Eia nō hoʻi, i ka wā molting, ʻaʻole ʻai ka manu, hoʻāʻo e peʻe mai ka makani a ʻaʻole ʻauʻau.
I kēlā ehia nā penguins e ola kaukaʻi i ko lākou ʻano. I ka awelika, ola ka nui o nā ʻano he 25 i nā makahiki he 25, a ʻo nā mea liʻiliʻi e ola a hiki i 15 mau makahiki. Ma nā kīwī a me ka mālama pono, e hoʻonui nui ʻia kēia mau helu.
Pōʻī penguin
He manu manuʻai nui nā Penguins . ^ E Ha yM. Noho lākou i loko o nā pale a hōʻuluʻulu pinepine i nā hui nui, paʻa paʻa ʻo kekahi i kekahi e ola i nā manawa anuanu. ʻO ka hapa nui he mau monogamous a hoʻokumu i hoʻokahi pālua no ke ola. Aia ko lākou mau ʻuʻu ma luna o kahi uka e uhi ʻia nā pōhaku a ʻo kekahi mau ʻano i hana i kahi ʻano panilima e kālele ana i kahi pūnana. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana i ka pōhaku e hiki ke lawelawe me ka nalo. ʻO ka hapa pinepine, aia nā hua he 2 i kahi lālani. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa pinepine nā manawa 3 a 4. Ma ʻō nā mākua ʻelua iā lāua, e loli maʻamau ka manawa a kēlā me kēia mea e ʻai ai e hōʻoluʻolu.
Hoʻokumu ka embryo mai 30 a 100 mau lā, kau ka manawa i kau i nā ʻano. A laila kau nui ka ʻōlapa. Ua uhi ʻia ʻo ia i nā fluff, ʻaʻohe kōkua a me ka makapō. Mālama mau nā mākua iā ia, a, ma hope o 2 mau pule, e hoʻomaka ka moa a ʻike a kūʻokoʻa. ʻO ka mea pōʻino, e pili ana i ka 60% o nā moa i make mai nā ʻano kaiʻai kūwaho - nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, ke hoʻoulu ʻia a me ka pōloli.
Aia koke ʻo ka pēpē i kona mau maka , ka haʻalele o nā mākua e hoʻomāloʻi pinepine iā ia a neʻe ʻia, ʻoi wale nō ka hānai ʻana i ka moa. Ma muli o kēia, hoʻopaʻapaʻa nā keiki i nā hipa i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe a pale aku paha iā lākou iho mai nā hiolo. Hoʻomaka ka kolone holoʻokoʻa i ke komo ʻana i ka hānai o nā hua. E hoʻomau kēia a hiki i ka melt mua o nā cubs, ma hope o kahi e loaʻa ai ka uhi hulu hulu, ka aneane like a like me ka manu makua. A laila e hiki ke hilahila a ka poʻe moa i ka ʻai.
Nui mākou e nānā e nānā i nā penguins. I kā lākou mau mana kikowaena clumsy, he ʻūhā mai ka wāwae a i lalo ka mea, aia kekahi mea e kāhea ai i ka manaʻo o ke kanaka. Eia kekahi, ʻo nā pelu kekahi o nā ʻano he 40 ʻike ʻike manu ʻole manu ʻole.
I ka manawa mua, ua kapa ʻia nā kānaka ʻeke pali manuahi manu (Pinguinus impennis), i ʻike ʻia i ka nui he nui ma nā ʻaoʻao ʻākau o ka moana ʻAmelika. like penguins.
ʻO ke kapa ahiahi o kēlā kāne, e like me ke tuxedo, i hoʻohālikelike ʻia e ka poʻe hoʻolālā hana, i ka ʻike ʻana i ka "lole" o ka penguin, i ka manawa o nā ʻike āpau. ʻO ke kala like ʻole, e like me nā mea ʻepekema, e kōkua ana i nā manu e hūnā mai ka ʻenemi i ke kai. Pono ke kino o ka penguin no ka lawaiʻa, a ʻo kona mau ʻuʻuku liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi e like me nā pūpū a me nā wāwae he nui no ka manu ʻai wikiwiki.
Ma hope o ka hakakā kaua e kū ana ma 1982 ma waena o ʻEnelani a me ʻAreneke, ua ku mai kahi moʻolelo pili i nā penguins e noho ana i ka mokupuni ʻo Falkland e hāʻule ana ma luna o kā lākou mau poʻo no ka mea e hāpai ana i ko lākou poʻo i luna e nānā ana i nā mokulele liʻiliʻi a ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke piʻi hou i luna. i kou mau wāwae. Mālama koke ka lono i loko o nā "kikoʻī", no ka laʻana, aia kekahi "nā poʻe hoʻohuli" - kahi ʻāpana kūikawā a nā pūʻali koa e hoʻopakele ana i nā manu mai nā make. ʻO ka mea e kupaianaha ʻia, no ka hopohopo i ka lehulehu o nā mea aloha, kahi hui o nā ʻepekema Pelekane i 2001 i hana i kahi aʻo lōʻihi ma Antarctica. Eia nō naʻe, i ka manawa holoʻokoʻa, ʻaʻole ia i hoʻopaʻa i ka hihia hoʻokahi o ka penguin e kapiki ana i ka wā e lele ai i ka mokulele.
Manaʻo ka poʻe he nui ka noho ʻana o nā pelu aia ma Antarctica a i ʻole nā wahi me kahi anuanu e kokoke ana i ke kai ākea o ka hemeri ʻekane. Akā i ke kūʻēʻē i ka manaʻoʻiʻo kaulana, ua noho ʻo kekahi ʻano kūikawā o ka penguin i kapa ʻia ʻo Galapagos penguin ma ka ʻāina ʻo Galapagos, kahi kokoke i ka ʻekahi. ʻO + ka wai wai i kēia makahiki a pau. +24 ° C, a me ka ea - +18. +28 ° C. Eia kekahi, hiki ke loaʻa nā penguins i ka Australian Sydney a me Harbour Lake. Ka mea i kū mai ai he mau pengu thermophilic!
ʻO nā pengo Subantarctic ka wikiwiki wikiwiki o ka wai, e hiki ana i ka wikiwiki o 36 km i kēlā me kēia hola. Hiki i nā pengu Emperor ma lalo o ka wai a hiki i ka 18 mau minuke.
ʻO ka Emepeka Penguin ka manu hoʻokahi e waiho hua i ka waena waena o ka hoʻoilo. Hana ʻo ia i kēia me ka wikiwiki ʻo ka wikiwiki. Ma hope o nā mea āpau, pono lākou i ka puna, ke kauwela a me ka hoʻoilo e ulu ikaika a lilo i mea nui nui e ola ai i ka hoʻoilo ma hope.
Loaʻa i nā penguins Emepera ke ʻano hui. I mea e hōʻoluʻolu ai iā lākou iho i ka wā anuanu, hōʻuluʻulu lākou i loko o kahi hui nui, ke wela ma loko o kekahi manawa a hōʻea +35 ° C i kahi mahana wela o -20 ° C. No ke "hoʻokeo lole", neʻe mau ka manu mai ke kikowaena a i ka ʻaoʻao a ʻo kekahi hoʻi.
ʻO nā heihei King King peng (lat.Aptenodytes patagonicus) hatch mai nā hua a ʻōlehu a ulu i nā hulu i loko o nā hebedoma wale nō. ʻAʻole hiki ke ola i ka pīpī me kaʻole o nā mākua, a hiki i ka wā e ulu ai nā hulu wai wai, a hana wale ʻia kēia hana ma 12-13 mau mahina ma hope o kona hānau ʻia ʻana.
He kakaikahi nā mea kūlohelohe maoli i nā ʻāina anuanu, a no laila, hoʻomohala ʻo Adelie penguins i nā ʻuʻuku no ka waiho ʻana a me ka hani ʻana i nā huaʻi mai nā poʻohiwi. ʻO nā kīlei kīʻaha, i ka wa e kahaha ʻia ai nā penguins ʻē aʻe, mai kānalua i ka ʻaihue i kā lākou mau pōhaku. Hoʻokomo kekahi mau pengu wahine no nā pōhaku i ka "moekolohe", ʻoiai he hoa pilikino lākou. Ke ʻimi nei lākou i nā kāne kāne hoʻokahi e hana ana i kā lākou ʻuʻuku i nā ʻōpala i ka lana ʻana o kā lākou ʻohana ponoʻī, e ʻae iā lākou e launa pū me lākou a ma hope o ke lawe i kekahi mau pōhaku me lākou i kā lākou pūnana.
I kona wā kamaliʻi, ʻo Linus Torvalds, i kona huakaʻi i ka zoo, ua kāʻili ʻia e ka penguin. No laila, ua lilo ʻo Tux penguin (ka ʻōlelo Lūkia ʻo pololei ʻo Dachshund) i hana ia i ka talisman o ka Linux lawelawe hana āna i hana ai.
No ka wā lōʻihi, ʻaʻole hiki i nā kānaka ʻepekema ke hoʻomaopopo i ke kumu no ka hoʻomaka ʻana o kahi ʻāpana o ka mauʻu i loko o ka ʻano o kahi leka he ʻelua mita M ma kekahi o nā mokupuni o ʻAmelika. Ua ʻōlelo ʻia e kekahi mea noiʻi Kiliana ua waiho ʻia kēia "leka" i kekahi mau makahiki i hala aku nei e ka ʻepekema Polani mai nā penguin excrement, he mea hoʻohanohano i kāna mea aloha i kapa ʻia ʻo Magda.
ʻO Penguin ka manu wale nō i ko mākou honua ke hiki ke lele akā ʻaʻole hiki ke lele. Eia kekahi, ʻo ia wale nō ka manu e neʻe ana i luna e kū ana i ka ʻāina.
Huli ia ʻo nā penguins ʻoi aku ka manu i kū ʻole i ka hau. ʻAʻole makaʻu ka poʻe koa a me nā kuʻu i ke anuanu. Hiki iā lākou ke kū i kahi hāʻule i ka mahana ma -110 ° C, akā no kahi manawa pōkole. Hiki i ka penguin emperor ke kū i nā frosts i -60 ° C.
Ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā manu ʻo ka penguin me nā hulu melemele lōʻihi ma nā maka a he ʻano ola e kapa ʻia ana he mau pōhaku.
ʻO nā poʻe kime wikiwiki loa o nā ʻano pelu ʻē aʻe, ʻo Papu nā papuins (Pygoscelis papua). Hiki iā lākou ke hoʻomohala ma lalo o ka wikiwiki o ka wai a hiki i ka 36 km / h. ʻO kēia kekahi o nā ʻano lāʻau aniani ʻo Antarctic i wehewehe mua ʻia e Johann Reinhold Forster, kahi mea noiʻi a me nā mea kūlohelohe i hele pū me Kāpena Cook ma kāna huakaʻi hope loa o ka kenekulia 18. I ka hoʻohanohano ʻana o kēia mau "hele wāwae" i kapa ʻia kekahi o nā ʻano o ka ʻōnaehana hana Linux - Gentoo.
Hiki iā Patagonian penguin ke hiki ke kau no 2-3 mau pule. I ka manawa like, e uhi ana i ka mamao he 1,500 mau hola.
ʻO nā mākaʻi nui loa o nā ʻano kaulike he nui nā penguins aliʻi. ʻO ka paona o kahi manu makua aia ma ka waena o 27-41 kg, a ua kiʻekiʻe kona kiʻekiʻe 1,2 mika.
ʻO nā pengu Emperor ke kuleana o nā makua. Ka pāpale aku ke kāne i nā hua, a loaʻa ka wahine i ka meaʻai. Ma hope o ka honi ʻana o ka moa mai ka hua, hānai ka makuakāne me kahi wai likeʻole, kahi mea i hānai ʻia i ka hale o kāna esophagus.
ʻO kēlā me kēia makahiki, i ka wā molting, e lawe ana i nā hebedoma 2-3, e hāʻule ana nā peʻa i kahi hulu, ma ka pūnaewele e ulu ai nā mea hou. Hoʻohana ka Penguins i ka manawa mālama i kā lākou hulu me ka ʻike i ka pilikia me ke anuanu a nani.
Aia ka ʻike i ka Magellanic Penguin, nona ka inoa i kapa ʻia ma hope o Fernand Magellan, ʻo ia ka Pake mua i ʻike ʻia i ka makahiki 1520. Noho ʻo nā pelu Magellanic i ka pilala e hoʻokaʻawale i ka mokupuni o Tierra del Fuego mai ka ʻāina nui o ʻAmelika Hema. Ua kapa ʻia kēia kiʻi paʻa ma hope o ka mea ʻike.
Hiki i nā Penguins ke hohonu loa. Akā he aha kā lākou e nānā ai i ka hohonu o ka hapa a me ka hapa mau? Ua hoʻokomo ʻia nā mea hoʻohana ʻōlima o Iapana i nā kāmera ma hope o kēia mau holoholona. Ua ʻike ʻia e hiki i nā aniani o ka lā ke komo i kahi hohonu o 150 mika wale nō, ʻaʻole naʻe i ʻike ʻia kahi e hana ai kēia mau manu ma ka hohonu o hoʻokahi a me ka hapa kilomita.
ʻAʻole like ka hapanui o nā kāne a me nā wahine o nā penguins maʻa like ʻole. Eia naʻe, i ka manawa o ka māla, ua pā nā wahine i nā lepo lepo ma luna o ko lākou mau wāwae e waiho ana nā kāne i loko o ke kaʻina hana.
ʻO ka poʻe penguin pōhaku ka mea hewa maikaʻi loa. He ʻano ʻēheʻe a ʻōpio nā manu o kēia ʻano.
Ma hea a pehea e noho ai nā behe polar?
Ua hoʻonoho ʻia nā bears polar ma nā ʻāpana ʻākau o Rūsia, Canada, ʻAmelika, ma ke kahakai o ke Kai Bar, Chukchi, Wrangel Island, Greenland, a ma nā ʻāina ʻo Lapland. Mahea ka maikaʻi o ka ʻāina, hiki i nā holoholona ma ke North Pole.
ʻO ka wao nahele ʻo Arctic, kahi wahi neonea o nā wahi hānai, kahi ma ka hoʻoilo hiki ke hoʻoilo i ka hoʻoilo i −60 ° C, a me nā manawa wela o ka makahiki, i ka lā Iulai, e piʻi mau ana i +3 ° C, a ua lilo lākou i mea noho no lākou.
ʻO ka hapanui o ka makahiki he mau ʻino anu ka lewa, nā hau kūlohelohe pinepine, a i nā hōʻuluʻulu koʻikoʻi ʻo Arctic, ma kahi kokoke i 0 ° С, kohu ka ua hina i ka lani a i ka pōkole mai ka moana e hoʻopuni nei i ka ʻāina. ʻAʻohe mea kanu ma ka wao Arctic, me ka ʻike ʻole ʻia o nā mokupuni laʻehā o lichen a me ka moss. ʻAʻohe holoholona holoholona koe wale nō ka polar bear, kahi polar fo, he lemming ma luna o ka ʻāina, a me ke kai - he walrus a me kahi sila.
Pehea e ola ai nā bears ma ka wao nahele?
Hoʻohui maikaʻi loa lākou ma ka sima palupalu!
ʻO ka polar bear, ʻo ia nō hoʻi kahi polar, umka, oshku, ʻo ia ka nui o ka honua ma kahi o ka honua. Ua nānā nā ʻepekema a me nā mea holo aku i nā holoholona a hiki i ka 3 m ka lōʻihi a ʻoi aku ma mua o 1 ton i ke paona.
ʻO ka layer momona subcutaneous o ka bear a hiki i 10 cm, a me nā hui o loko ("interior", e like me kā lākou ʻona) i ka momona, hana ia ma kahi o 40% o ke kaumaha o ke kino. Me kahi papa hoʻomehana a ma ka manawa like kahi "pahu" (ʻo ka momona ka mea hoʻolako ikaika o ke kino), nā hau a me ka makani o ka Arctic, ʻaʻole hoʻi ka makaʻu o ka manaʻo a me ka makani.
No ka hoʻohālikelike i ka ʻili momona a me ka hulu polar. He ʻenehana kūikawā ia: hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ka villi translucent keʻokeʻo i ke kaila o ka ultraviolet wale nō a ʻaʻole hoʻi e hoʻokaʻawale i nā radiation infusion, ʻaʻole i ʻae ʻia ke kino o ka holoholona. Kūleʻa ka hale i ke ʻano - he mau māhū lākou i loko a me nā keʻena ʻehu. Hoʻoulu ka huluhulu ma luna o nā lapalapa o nā holoholona: ma ia mau "kāmaʻa" ʻaʻole e lele ka holoholona a ʻaʻole i ka manuahi.
ʻO ka hoʻohuihui wai kū hoʻokahi ka mea e noho ai ka mea make i ka hoʻoilo ma loko o ka hoʻoilo a lanakila i nā ʻumi mau kilomita o nā wao Arctic a, i ka pili maoli ʻana o ka wai i Ict Arctic.
ʻAuhea a pehea e noho ai nā pelu?
ʻEhiku mau ʻano kukuna - Emperor, Adélie penguin, Antarctic, Royal, Golden-hair, Papuan a me Crested - i koho i ko lākou wahi noho i kahi o ka ʻāina i ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī - Antarctica, nā wahi polar o ka Hema hemolele. Ma ka Pole Hema, ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka mahana kiʻekiʻe loa ma ka Honua i ka lāʻo Dekemaba 2013 - −91.2 ° C. I ka awelika, i ka hoʻoilo o ka mahana o Antarctica −60 ° C, i ke kauwela -30 ° C.
Akā, ʻo kaʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole noho nā pengu manu manu i loko o ia mau ʻano monstrous. No laila, noho ka penguin weliweli ma Tierra del Fuego, Tasmania, nā mokupuni o Subantarctic. Ka endigipī maikaʻi Snares - nā penguin kolohe Snarsky - noho ma nā mokupuni ua nui nui i nā kumu lāʻau a me nā kumu lāʻau. ʻO nā penguin Subantarctic - ma nā mokupuni ʻo Falkland, South Georgia, Kerguelen, Herda a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.
ʻO nā manu nunui a nunui ka nunui o ka mau puki aliʻi, ʻo ke kumukūʻai he 40 kg, e pālahalaha ma ke kūkulu hema, ma ke South Pole, mamao loa a noho i ka hau a puni ka ʻAkopaika. No nā hatching hua wale nō, holo lākou i nā wahi mahana.
Pehea nā manuahi e hoʻomoʻa ʻole ai ma Antarctica?
ʻO nā manu lele manu ʻole i “nā kapa ʻeleʻele” i hoʻoponopono ʻia i ke ola, ʻaʻole i loko o ke anuanu, e like me nā bean polar, akā ma ke ʻano o ka "ʻoluʻolu", i ka manawa i ke kauwela ʻaʻole e piʻi ka hāmela ma luna o + 5 ° C, a i ka hoʻoilo, ka mea nui ka ua −30 ° C.
He wahi momona ka nui o lākou - a hiki i 3 cm, poʻopulu wulu wai ʻole, ma waena ka nui o ka ea - ka "lumi ʻaina". Akā ʻo ka mea hoihoi loa, ʻo ka huki o ka penguin! ʻAʻole lākou wale no ka hoka, akā ʻaʻole hoʻi e hoʻokuʻi i ka hau, ka hau.
ʻAno kūlohelohe - ʻaʻohe hulu manu, fluff - nā wāwae penguin i ke mahana wale no +4 ° C. ʻO kahi hoʻonohonoho pilikino e hiki ai i ka hau hauʻomaʻo ke hoʻopau ʻia e like me ka maʻamau. Eia kekahi, ʻo ke kino o ke kino o ka manu he 39 ... 40 ° C. Hāʻawi ka naʻauao i nā penguins me kahi kahe kaulike kū hoʻokahi, i hoʻonohonoho ʻia e ke kumu o ka hoʻihoʻi.
Me ia, ʻo ke koko wela wela e hoʻokokoke ana i nā wāwae ua hele kokoke loa i nā veins a hāʻawi i kahi ʻāpana o kona wela i ke anuanu koko hoʻi. Lawe ke koko Venous i ka wela i ka puʻuwai, a hele ke koko hoʻonaninani i ke koko, e mālama ana iā lākou wale nō +4 ° C. Inā wela nā wāwae o ka penguin, makemake nui lākou i ka ʻōlima loa, akā ʻo ka manu mua lākou i loko o ka hau, me ka pepehi ʻana i ka manu.
ʻO kekahi ʻano hana e pale ai i ka anuanu he mau hui. No laila, ʻākoakoa nā aliʻi penguins i loko o kahi hui nāu, e hoʻomoʻi ai i ka lewa i loko o +35 ° C, ke puka kahi ma waho o -20 ° C "Puhi" ka Penguins ma ka pūʻulu, neʻe mai ka kikowaena a i ka ʻaoʻao a i hope.
Malia paha nā manu kupaianaha loa i kā mākou honua he mau penguins. ʻO nā mea ʻike e pili ana i kēia mau mea nani a mākou e hōʻike iā ʻoe ma kēia ʻatikala. ʻO kēia wale nō ka manu e lele nani a nani, akā ʻaʻole hiki ke lele.Eia kekahi, hiki i ka penguin ke hele pololei. He manu lele ʻole kēia e pili ana i ka ʻina o penguin-like.
Hoʻaiho
ʻO nā panalā nui he nui, ma nā wahi anuanu o ka Hema Hema Hema, nā wahi i noho ai nā penguins. Aia ka helu nui o nā lahui nui i loko o ka Antarctic. Eia kekahi, hoʻomaha loa lākou i ʻAmelika Hema a me Australia hema. Kokoke nō o ke ao holoʻokoʻa o ka ʻĀkau o ʻAmelika Hema ka ʻāina kahi e noho ai nā penguins.
Ke poʻo inoa
ʻO ka kumu kumu o ka inoa o kēia mau manu he ʻekolu mau ʻāpana. ʻO ka mea mua e wehewehe iā ia me ka hui pū ʻana o nā huaʻōlelo pen - "poʻo" a me gwyn - "keʻokeʻo". No ka mea i lilo ia i ka wingless eider (i kēia manawa). ʻO ka like ʻana o kēia mau manu i ka helehelena, ua hala ka inoa i ka penguin.
Wahi a ka lua, ua loaʻa i ka penguin kona inoa mai ka huaʻōlelo Pelekane i ka pinwing, i unuhi ʻia he "wing-hairpin". Wahi a ke kolu o ka helu, hele mai ka inoa o ka manu mai ka pinguis Latin, ʻo ia ka "momona."
Pikiu Emepera
ʻO ka manu nunui a nui loa: hiki i ka paona o ke kāne ke hiki i ka 40 kg a me ka lōʻihi o ke kino ma kahi o 130 cm. He ʻeleʻele ka pope ma ke kua, kua keʻokeʻo ka ʻōpū, a ma ka ʻāʻī ke ʻike ʻoe i nā ʻano hiʻohiʻona o ka melemele a iala paha. Noho ʻo penguins Emperor i kamaʻāina ʻo Antarctica.
Aliʻi Pōhaku
I waho, he like like ia me ka mana o ka emepera, akā i haʻahaʻa ʻia ma ka nui: ʻo kona lōʻihi kino ma kahi o 100 cm, ʻaʻole e kau ʻia kona paona ma mua o 18 kg. Eia kekahi, ʻokoʻa kēia ʻano ʻano ʻokoʻa - ua uhi ʻia ke kua me ka hina hina, i kekahi manawa he ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele, he keʻokeʻo ka ʻōpū, a na nā ʻāpana hāulaʻula i nā ʻaoʻao o ke poʻo a me ka umauma. Noho kēia mau manu i nā wai kahakai o ke awāwa o Lusitania, ma nā mokupuni o Tierra del Fuego, ka Hema a me Sandwich, Kerguelen a me Crozet, Macquarie a me South Georgia, ʻo Prince Edward a me Hurd.
Ke Pula ʻAmelika Hewa
Hoʻokahi ʻano ʻehā i kēia manawa i ka pōʻino. He manu liʻiliʻi kēia e pili ana i ka 55 cm lōʻihi a he 3 kg ka paona. He ʻeleʻele-ʻeleʻele ka hope a me nā ʻēheu. He keʻokeʻo ka ʻōpū. ʻO nā aniani maka melemele i lilo i mau ʻeleʻele a me nā hulu melemele i loaʻa i ka ʻaoʻao o nā maka. Ma ke poʻo o ka penguin ka ʻōuli uliuli, nāna i hāʻawi i ka inoa i nā ʻano.
ʻO ka ʻāpana nui o ka heluna e noho i nā mokupuni o Neprytupny a me Gough, ʻo Tristan da Cunha, aia no ka Atlantika.
Pale leole gula
ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kino o kēia penguin he ʻano i loko o 76 cm, ke kaumaha - he liʻiliʻi ma mua o 5 kg. Kui kala - ka maʻamau no nā penguins a pau, akā me kahi hiʻohiʻona: ma luna o nā maka he mau ʻāpana manuahi a nā hulu o ke kala gula. Ua noho nā pelu gula ʻelele i nā kahawai hema o ke Kaiʻula, ʻo ka ʻAkika, he mea maʻamau ka maʻamau o ka ʻĀkau o Antarctica, a ʻo nā mokupuni hoʻi o ka Subantarctic.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o waho
Ma ka ʻāina, kēia manu leʻaleʻa, hiki ʻole ke lele, he wīwī ke nānā ʻia ma muli o nā hiʻohiʻona hiʻona o nā limu a me ke kino. ʻO nā penguins ka pūpū manu me nā pūlima hoʻoliʻiliʻi i kūkulu pinepine ʻia - ʻo ia hoʻi ka hapahā o ka nui o ka nui o ka manu.
Hoʻomaʻamaʻa maikaʻi ke kino o ka penguin, hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia ma hope aku nei, i uhi ʻia me nā hulu hulu. ʻAʻole ʻele nui ke poʻo, aia ma luna o ke ʻano maʻalahi a kelepona ʻole, akā ʻāʻī pōkole. ʻO ka ikaika ka lāʻau ʻo ia mau manu.
ʻO nā mea ʻike e pili ana i nā pōpoki e pili ana i kā lākou papa. Ma ke ʻano o ka ʻōuli a me ke ola, hoʻololi a hoʻoliu nā ʻēheu o ka penguin i loko o nā ʻenehana: ma lalo o ka wai, huli lākou e like me ke kāʻei o ka ʻāʻī o ke poʻohiwi. Hoʻopili nā wāwae a pōkole, me nā manamana lima ʻehā, e pili pū ana me nā membrane kauʻau.
ʻAʻole e like me ka hapanui o nā manu, ʻike ʻia nā wāwae o ka penguin i mea e mālama ai i kona kino, ʻoiai ka ʻāina ma ka ʻāina. Kōkua ka mea pāʻani i ka mālama ʻana i kahi huelo pōkole, aia i ka iwakālua mau huluhulu paʻakikī: kau ka manu ma luna o ia inā pono.
ʻO kekahi mea hoihoi hou e pili ana i nā pepuins - ʻo ko lākou ʻili he pale ʻole i nā iwi tubular, he ʻano maʻamau o nā manu. Hoʻonui aʻa ko lākou mau iwi i ka ʻoihana o nā iwi o nā momm moana.No ka hoʻomohu thermal, ua loaʻa i nā pengu ka nui o ka momona;
Hoʻopili a ka poli o ka peluins a pōkole: pōkole, nā hulu liʻiliʻi e uhi i ke kino o ka manu e like me kahi kola, pale iā ia mai ka ʻū i ka wai anuanu.
Ke noho maʻamau
Ke hoʻomoe nei nā Penguins i ka wai i ka ʻimi ʻana i ka meaʻai no ka manawa lōʻihi, e kī ana i ʻekolu mau hohonu a e uhi ana i nā mamao he kanakolu mau mile. E pīhoihoi i ka wikiwiki o nā pelu wikiwiki - hiki iā ia ke hele a 10 km i hoʻokahi hola. Hiki i nā luna o kekahi mau ʻano lāʻau ke hohonu i kahi hohonu o 130 mika. Ke komo ʻole nā penguins i ka manawa male e mālama ʻole ai i kā lākou hua, hele aku lākou i kahakai ma kahi mamao loa (a hiki i 1000 km).
E holo wikiwiki i ka neʻe ʻana i ka ʻāina, e waiho ana ka pelu ma kona ʻōpū a lele koke i ka hau a me ka hau, e kaʻe ana me nā limu. ʻAe ala i ka neʻe e hiki ai i nā manu ke hōʻea i nā wikiwiki o ka 6 km / h. I vivo, ola nā pengu i iwakālua mau makahiki a me kumamālima. I ka pio, me ka mālama pono ʻana, hoʻonui ʻia kēia hoʻohālike i ka kanakolu.
He aha nā meaʻai kiki?
No ka ʻimi hoʻokahi, hana ka penguin mai 190 a 900 dives. Ka helu helu helu i nā kūlana climatic, ke ʻano o ka penguin, nā mea pono e pono ai. He mea kupanaha ia o ka hāmeʻa manu manu i hana ʻia e like me ke kānāwai o ka papahī. I ka wā e hānai ai, ʻo ka leʻaleʻa, lele nā manu ma kahi he kanakolu mau ʻāpana a he ʻewalu mau minuke i ka lā ma kahi hohonu o ʻekolu mau mika.
ʻO ke kumu o ka meaʻai o ka penguins ka iʻa. Akā he aha kaʻai ʻana o nā pelu (ʻoi aku ma mua o ka iʻa)? ʻAi ka manu i nā squids, nā kopa liʻiliʻi a me nā clams liʻiliʻi me ka leʻaleʻa. ʻAi nā meaʻai a nā meaʻai kīleʻa i ʻoki ʻia, i huki ʻia ai ko lākou mau mākua mai loko mai o ka ʻōpū.
Pehea e hiamoe ai nā penguins?
ʻO ka pane i kēia nīnau he mea hoihoi i ka nui o kā mākou poʻe heluhelu. E kū ana nā kahu Penguins i ka mālama ʻana i ko lākou kino i ka wā hiamoe. ʻO nā mea ʻike e pili ana i nā ʻikepili kekahi pū kekahi me kēia moku manu. ʻO ka manawa e noho ai lākou ma ka hiamoe ke hilinaʻi ma ka mahana o ka ea - ke hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻia ke kumu, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hiamoe. Noho lōʻihi nā manu i ka molting: i kēia manawa ʻai lākou i ka liʻiliʻi, a ʻo ka hiamoe hou aʻe e hiki iā lākou ke hōʻemi i ka hoʻolimalima o ka ikehu i hoʻopau ʻia. Eia kekahi, hiamoe nā penguins ʻoiai ke hani nei i nā hua.
Ka mea hele ʻole i ka manuahi kino a maikaʻi ʻole nā mea make. ʻO ka laʻana, hāʻawi ʻia nā penguins pōhaku me kahi ʻano paʻakikī. Hiki iā lākou ke hoouka i kekahi mea a lakou i makemake ai.
ʻAʻole pono nā Penguins i ka wai hou - inu lākou i ka wai no ka mea he mau manamana kūikawā lākou e kānana ana i ka paʻakai.
I ka wā hoʻolalelale, e hōʻike ana i kona mau manaʻo aloha, hoʻopā nā aniani ʻo ka penguin kāne i kona ʻoni aloha ma ke poʻo.
ʻAʻole hoʻokuʻu nā wāwae o nā penguins, no ka mea he liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi loa o ko lākou pau ʻana.
Ke hilinaʻi nui nei kēia mau manu i ke kanaka, no ka mea ʻaʻole i loaʻa nā ʻenehana bipedal a lākou i Antarctica no ka millennia. Ae .. u a. E pili ana piu . ^ E Ha yM. ʻO ia wale nō nā manu e lele akā ʻaʻole e lele.
ʻUTʻIʻI A ME KEIKI
ʻO ka mea mua o nā ʻEulopa e ʻike aku iā lākou, ʻo ka mea hoʻokele Pokukala kaulana ʻo Vasco da Gama a me kāna mau luina i 1499. ʻAʻole ma Antarctica: ma mua o ka loaʻa ʻana o kēia konupepa i mamao loa aku, a ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka hema o ʻApelika Hema, noho mau nā ʻelele mau ma laila. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ua wehewehe kekahi o nā lālā o ka hui Pukiki nui iā lākou i kāna diary me ka huhū: "Ua ʻike mākou i nā manu, ua like lākou me nā kaea, a like ko lākou kāhea me ka uwē o nā hoki."
ʻO nā pengu Emperor ka nui
ʻO nā mea i kākau ʻia ua waiho ʻia ma ka makahiki 1520 e Antonio Pigafetta, ka mea i ukali pū me Fernand Magellan ma kona huakaʻi i ka honua holoʻokoʻa. Ua hoʻohālikelike nō hoʻi ʻo ia i nā penguins, kēia manawa ʻike ʻia ma ke kahakai o ʻAmelika Hema, me nā manu ʻōlio: "Strange geese mālama pololei a ʻike ʻole i ka lele."
Ma ke ala, ʻo Pigafetta ka mea i hōʻike i ka manu freakish i maikaʻi loa i ka hānai, a ua ʻōkuhi lākou i ko lākou inoa: ma ka Lālia, "momona" - pinguis (penguis), no laila nā poʻe ʻelele.
Ma ka laulā, aia he 18 mau ʻano manu like ʻole i ka manu penguin, akā e kau wale mākou i ʻelua - nā poʻe e noho ana ma Antarctica. Puka hale kaliki emperor a ʻAmelika Adelie .
ʻO ke koena o kā lākou mau hoahānau ua noho ma ke kahakai o ʻApelika Hema a me ʻAmelika Hema, a me New Zealand a me Australia. Noho lākou e noho kokoke i ka ʻekekene ma Galapagos Islands. Akā ʻo ka penguins maʻamau ka "kauoha" i Antarctica, ʻoiai aia ʻelua wale nō o lākou.
Adelie Penguin Koloni
Hoʻohui i ka momona, ua manaʻo ʻia ka slowness kahi hiʻohiʻona o nā penguins emperor. ʻAʻole manaʻo: ua kiʻekiʻe ko lākou kiʻekiʻe i 120 kenimika, a ʻo kā lākou paona he 45 kilograms. Ma ka ʻāina, ʻōhumu loa nā kahu ʻikepili me ka mālama ʻana i nā kaulike me nā kōkua o nā pōkole pōkole.
Ma ke ala, ʻo lākou, ʻaʻole he wāwae, inā pono, e lawelawe ʻo ia ka mīkini nui. I ka pono e hoʻōla ai, lele nā manu ma luna o ka ʻōpū palani fluffy a wikiwiki a haʻalele hoʻi mai ka hau a mai ka honua paha. ʻO nā ʻūpā a me nā keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo kēia.
Akā i loko o ka wai, huakaʻi nui nā pelu - he mau lawaiʻa nani a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. Hōʻalo ʻia nā pale ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka wikiwiki i 35 mau hola no ka hola, a ma ka "afterburner", ke hoʻāʻo nei e hopu i ka iʻa i ka wā e hiki ai, kāwīwī lākou i kēlā me kēia 50! Eia kekahi, hiki i nā pelu ke iho i ka hohonu o 20 mau mika a waiho ma lalo o ka wai no 10 mau minuke.
Hoʻomalu ʻo nā kāula Adelie i lalo o ka wai
ʻO ka lōʻihi e waiho ai i loko o ke kai a mea, ʻaʻole ia wale no ka ʻai no ke ʻano - he ʻano ʻano ia no ke kau ʻana. Me ka hau maʻamau no ka Antarctic e emi ai ka 50-60 degere a me nā gales ikaika, ʻo ka wai ikaika no lākou e like me ka ua wela no kahi kanaka: ma hope o nā mea a pau, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻomoʻo ʻia ma mua o nā degere.
KE MOʻI MAILAHI
No ke aha ke hele ai ʻo penguins ma luna o ka ʻāina? Ua nīnau pinepine ʻia nā mea hoʻomaʻi polar i kēia nīnau ke hālāwai lākou me nā manu e mamao loa mai ke kahakai. ʻO ka huakaʻi lōʻihi loa i kau ʻia e ka zoologist ʻEnelani ma ka makahiki 1911: ua ʻike ʻo ia i nā ʻuʻuku o nā penguins ma ka pahu kiki Ross, 110 kilomita mai ke kahakai.
Ua k documentkuhi 'ia ka k distancem distance palapala i k explia e ka mea k explle k polne k Americanne puni honua i ka p Americanl of o ka makahiki 1958: ua loa tro troe i ka trike i ke ala o ka penguin 400 kilomita mai ke kai! Ua hala mau hebedoma no ia huakaʻi e hele ana ma kahi huakaʻi hele me 5-10 mau hola no ka hola.
ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, he ʻaneʻane ka lōʻihi o nā ala lōʻihi. Akā he nui nā hola o ka hele ʻana i nā pengu emperor no ka lōʻihi mamao ma ke kahakai a hohonu loa i ka ʻāina nui he mea maʻamau ia. Hana lākou i ka hana i ke mele a i ʻole he pālua.
Hoʻolilo nui nā Penguins
Ma ka manawa like, like lākou me ka poʻe e kamaʻilio ana i kekahi mau pilikia i ka wā hele - he mea hoʻonaninani loa. Ma ke ala, ʻaʻole nā pilikia i nā alakaʻi i ka papa i hoʻolālā ʻia. No ka mea i waho o nā clumsiness i waho, ua pā hou lākou i nā mea hoʻopukapuka polar me ko lākou mākaukau e piʻi i nā pali a lanakila ʻole i nā hummocks wai palupalu.
E akamai, he aha kaʻu e ʻōlelo ai. Akā i ka manawa i hana lākou me ka maikaʻi ʻole: hoʻopau ʻia nā kauwela wela ma ke kai, a ʻo nā ʻaoʻao o ka ʻaoʻao hema ma kahakai. Eia nō naʻe, ʻoiai kēia manawa like ʻole e kūpono ke mare ʻana a loaʻa ka hua.
He monogamous nā pengu Emperor: i loaʻa i kekahi hoa aloha, ʻaʻole lākou e nānā i nā mea ʻē aʻe. Ke ʻimi nei lākou i ka wahine i ka wā o ʻApelila mai 5 a 10 tausani mau manu e ʻākoakoa ma ka hau hau. ʻO ke ʻōpio ʻōpiopio, e hele ana ma kahakai, a no laila hoʻokomo ʻo ia i ka leo nui a ke kaikamahine e pane mai ai. I kekahi manawa hana ka kāne i kekahi mau hola e hana i kēlā me kēia ʻimi e ʻimi nei, akā loaʻa iā ia he mau kāne. Inā he wahine aloha ka penguin ma mua, kāhea ʻo ia a loaʻa wale.
ʻO ke mālama no ka moʻomeheu ke kumuhana hoʻokaʻawale ʻē loa. I ka mahina ma hope o ka male, ua waiho ka penguin wahine a ka wahine i hoʻokahi hua manu (kaupaona ʻo ka 500 gram me ka lōʻihi o 12 mau kenimita!)
Eia kekahi, ʻo nā mahina ʻelua o ka hoʻoilo ma mua o ka mahina ʻoi ka huaheʻe, a i ʻole, e ʻomi ana ka penguin ma ka umauma. I kēia manawa āpau ʻaʻole ia e ʻai - noho ke ola ia i ka momona subcutaneous ma ke kauwela a hemo a hiki i ka hapalua o kona paona.
A laila hoʻololiʻia e ka wahine, ka mea i hele i ka momona i ʻelua mau mahina.ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole ʻo ia e hopohopo me ka hua lōʻihi i ka wā lōʻihi: hānau kahi moa, hānau a kona makuahine e pili ana i hoʻokahi mahina. Ma hope o kēlā hiki ʻana i kahi makuakāne hoʻomaha, mālama i ka pēpē i ka manawa a pau a hiki i ka ulu ʻana.
ʻO nā hua lāʻau Antarctic ʻelua, nā Adua Piki (kahi liʻiliʻi loa: a ʻo 80 mau kenimika), he ala ʻē aʻe. ʻAʻole lākou e nānā i ka wahine me ka uē, akā ke hōʻike nei i kahi pōhaku i kāna mea aloha. Inā ʻaʻole ʻo ia e ʻae i ka ʻae, huli maila ʻo ia, a huli ke kāne maikaʻi ʻole i ke wahine hou.
I ka hana ʻana i kahi ʻohana, nā hale ʻinaka i kūkulu i kahi pūnana - ʻo ka māpala nui loa i lilo ka waiwai kumu mua. ʻAʻohe o ke kanaka ʻelua, akā ʻelua mau hua. Hoʻonikau ʻia lākou ma ke kumu hoʻololi - ʻelua pule i kēlā me kēia.
Hana pū ʻia nā moa like ʻole - no hoʻokahi mahina, a laila hoʻouna ʻia nā pelu i kekahi ʻano o nā kahu hānai: ʻo nā pēpē a pau i hānau ʻia ma ke kolu e ʻākoakoa ma luna o kahi kaʻawale. No laila paʻa lākou, a lawe mai nā mākua i ka meaʻai. E wehe ana kahi māka i ka wā e hiki ai i nā pengu ʻōpio ke loaʻa kā lākou ʻai ponoʻī.
ʻOi aku ka nui o nā pengu Adelie ma mua o nā mea imperial. He maulean a makemake ʻole lākou i nā poʻe. I hoʻokahi manawa, i ka wā o ka hoʻokūkū pôpeku ma waena o nā mea hoʻomaʻamaʻa polar ma ke keena ʻo Mirny, ua holo like kekahi pelu i luna o ke kula a hoʻomaka ʻo ia e holo ma hope o ka pōpō - paʻakikī ke kū mālie i kahi mea pāʻani kīwī maʻamau. Hoʻololiʻokoʻa kona kaikaina iā ia iho: hana ʻo ia i kahi mea ʻoki ma luna o ka hale o ka trak a ʻaʻole makemake iki e haʻalele no kekahi mea.
KA MOOLELO NO KA MAKANA
He wahi liʻiliʻi e pili ana i ke kaumaha. Ua nīnau kekahi: no ke aha lā he nui nā pika i ka Antarctic, a ʻaʻohe mea like me nā mea e like me nā kūlana o Arctic? ʻOiaʻiʻo, ua hāʻawi maoli i ka ʻenemi i "ka holo, akā ʻaʻole holoola" wale nō i ka Hema Hema?
I kekahi manawa, he manu ʻoi aku ka nui o ka mau manu me ka lele o nā peʻa lele lele ma ke kahakai a pi a maikaʻi i nā wai o ka ʻArika. ʻO ka ʻulaʻula paha e hoʻokūkala i ka penguin he ʻeleʻele a me ka keʻokeʻo, koe wale nō ka ikaika o ka beak i ʻoi aku ka ikaika. Kēia manu - mea pūlū manu .
Aia i ka manawa 17, i ka hoʻoponopono ʻana e nā palapala hōʻike ʻatikala, ma ka ʻaoʻao komohana ʻākau, ʻo ia kekahi o nā mea maʻamau - miliona mau kanaka. Akā i ka waena loa o ka kenekulia 19, ʻaʻohe manu hoʻokahi i koe: ua ʻike ʻia ka hopena hope loa ma ka ʻaoʻao nui o Newfoundland Bank ma 1852.
He mea maʻalahi ke kuhi ko wai kāna hana: ʻo ka ʻiʻo momona a me nā palalulu i nā kala ʻole i ka honua nei i hana ai i ka ehelehele ʻole e like me kahi mea i makemake ʻia. Akā inā paʻa kekahi kanaka kahiko i ka helu manu e pono ai, a laila, ua pau ka nui o ka lawaiʻa o ʻEulopa i ka Far North.
ʻAno pōpilikia ka hope: ua ʻike ka poʻe lehulehu hou i ka Antarctic, nāna i hana i nā hopena kūpono mai ka nane kaumaha o ka eider. E aʻo koke ana mākou e pale i ka kūlohelohe. Eia nō naʻe, ʻekolu mau holoholona e noho mamao aku ana mai ka ʻeono o ka konupua (crested, hanohano a me Galapagos penguins) a ua ʻike ʻia he mea weliweli i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke kenekulia 21, a ʻehiku hoʻi e manaʻo ʻia he pilikia.
ʻAe, i ka hoʻomanaʻo ʻana i ka ehe no ka eheu - ka mea mua o nā manu ʻEulopa a me ʻAmelika i luku loa ʻia e ke kanaka - ʻo ke kākau inoa o The American Society of Ornithologists ua kapa ʻia ʻo Auk - "The Eider".
ʻO ka penguin wale nō ka manu ke hiki ke lele akā ʻaʻole hiki ke lele. Eia kekahi, ʻo ia wale nō ka manu e hele ana e kū. Ma kēia kaula e haʻi wau iā ʻoe e pili ana i kēia mau mea kupanaha. ʻO nā penguins he mauhelehe manu ʻole e noho wale ana i ke kai kūlohelohe wale nō i nā ʻāina o ka hemolele kūkulu hema. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā penguins ka hapalua o ko lākou ola ma ke kai a ʻo kekahi hapa ʻē aʻe ma ka ʻāina. ʻO ka mea kumu, noho ka hapa nui o nā penguin ma Antarctica a me kekahi mau wahi anu loa o ka hemiphere. Hiki i kekahi mau puaa ke ola i nā pahee a me nā leʻaleʻa hā. I ka holoʻokoʻa, ua haku ʻia nā penguins no ke ola i loko o ke kai. Hoʻopili kekahi mau mea like i ka 75% o ko lākou ola ma ka wai, ua koho ʻia lākou ma ka ʻāina e waiho wale i ka hua a kali i ka hua.Hōʻalo ka iwi ikaika a paʻakikī i ka wai e like me ke kāʻei o ka pīkī kaumaha, e ʻae ana i nā kahu ʻōpio e noho ma lalo o ka wai. ʻO kā lākou eheu, i like ia me nā pua, e kōkua iā lākou e "hoʻokele" i ka neʻe i lalo o ka wai i nā wikiwiki a hiki i 15 mph. ʻO ke kino kahe, e like me ka hoe, kahi papau hoʻohuihui o nā lau a me nā ʻulu wai hoʻoneʻe wai - lawelawe āpau i ko lākou noho maikaʻi a ʻoluʻolu hoʻi i lalo o ka wai. Loaʻa iā lākou kahi mana nani e kolo hohonu (ʻoi aku ma mua o kēlā). Eia kekahi, i ka mea ʻole e nalowale i ka wela, he paʻakikī nā penu, paʻakikī loa i loaʻa nā hulu (i 70 a i 70 ka sq Cm), e hāʻawi ana i ka wai.
Hoʻopili nā Penguins i kā lākou hulu me ka ʻaila gona kokoke i ka huelo e hoʻonui ai impermeability. Kāleʻele ʻeleʻele a me ke keʻokeʻo ka ʻike ʻole ʻia o ka poʻe predator i luna a ma lalo. E like me ka nui o nā manu, he palupalu a ʻike ʻole paha nā penuins (maikaʻi no lākou i nā kolu a lākou). E like me nā manu ʻē aʻe, ua pau nā mea ʻoki o ka pengu. Ke manaʻoʻiʻo nei ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ko lākou mau maka aʻo i ka wā o lalo lākou. Kuhi ka ʻepekema i kahi kikinins paha i ka honua. ʻO nā Penguins, manaʻoʻiʻo ka poʻe ʻepekema, ʻo ia nā manu ʻapepoʻoi loa. Hiki i nā koloka ke loaʻa i nā tausani o nā kānaka. (Ma nā hapa he 24 miliona e ʻike nei i ka anele ʻo ʻAmelika!) ʻOiai ke kai, makemake lākou e ʻauʻau a ʻai kai i nā pūʻulu. ʻO ka hapanui o nā manu penguin e kūkulu i nā ʻuʻuku, akā he nīnū i loko o nā ʻōpala o nā pōhaku, ka ʻūhā, a i ʻole nā mea make i loko o ka pā lepo. ʻAʻole kūkulu nā haku lapaʻau Emperor i nā nests; mālama lākou i ka hua ma waena o ko lākou mau wāwae ma lalo o kahi paʻu manuahi i kapa ʻia he pēpē palaki.
Ua uhi ʻia ke kino o ke pelu me nā hulu o ka huluhulu liʻiliʻi-ʻo ka hapanui, ʻo ka hapa nui o ia mau wale nō he koʻokoʻo, ʻaʻohe mau mea pā. Pahuʻi ʻia ke poʻo o kekahi ʻano ʻano me nā hulu o ka lōʻihi, a me kekahi mau hulu ʻulaʻula, a he pōkole nā poʻo, he ʻāʻī ka poʻo, he lōlō, ikaika, paʻa, e kāʻei i ka wā hope, ʻo ka ʻāʻī o ke lōʻihi lōʻihi, e komo ma kahi kino o conical, pōkole ka wāwae, kokoke ua hoʻopili piha ʻia lākou i ka ʻili o ke kino, ma muli o ka ʻae e ʻae aku i nā ʻāpana pōkole wale nō, ulu ikaika nā lima, hele pololei nā ʻehā, akā ʻekolu wale nō o lākou i hoʻohui ʻia e ka membrane. Ma ka ʻāina, hoʻomaha ka manu i luna, e hilinaʻi ana ma hope o ka metatarsus, akā i ka wā e hele ana i ka hopena ua kū pololei lākou. Ke hele nei ka Penguins me ka paʻakikī loa, kau ka wailele, makemake ʻole e pale aku i ka pōʻino, e moe ana ma luna o kā lākou ʻōpū a holo pū me ke kōkua o nā ʻēheu a me nā wāwae i hikiwawe loa i ka hopu ʻana iā lākou, ʻoi loa ma luna o ka uhi hau. Pale ka poʻe Penguins a e hele maikaʻi a me ka nanea maikaʻi loa i ka nalu ʻana o ka nalu o ka moana wehe - ko lākou honua maoli. ʻAʻole like me nā manu ʻē aʻe, e ʻauʻau nā penguins me ke kōkua o nā ʻēheu wale nō, e hoʻokuʻi ana iā lākou hoʻokahi, ʻo nā wāwae i lawelawe kūʻokoʻa wale nō a e kū pololei ana i hope. ʻO ka meaʻai Penguin ka iʻa, nā ʻiʻo lau a me ka palupalu. Hoʻolālā ʻo Penguins i kahi mahele nui o ka makahiki e hoʻoulu ai, a i kēia manawa, ʻumi a me nā haneli mau tausani e hōʻuluʻulu i nā mokupuni nui loa o ka moana Antartika. I kēia manawa, ʻaʻole ʻo ka hatching manu e noho ana ma ka ʻāina. Pēlā lākou, e like me ka nui o noho lākou - i ka nohona kanaka. Mālama lākou i ʻelua a ʻelua a iʻa nā aila-keʻokeʻo paha, ka mea i ʻike ʻia e nā mākua ma ke ʻano, no ka mea he hanana ākea nui ke kolohe i ka hua a kekahi poʻe. E wehewehe aku i ka 'ike pinepine' ana o ka nui o nā like nui o nā moa i loko o kahi hoʻokahi. Nui nā uhi o nā keiki me ka uhi a hoʻomake ka nui, mahalo i ka ʻai nui ʻana a ka poʻe i hānai ʻia e nā mākua. Shedding, ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka nānā ʻana i ke pio, hele wikiwiki loa, a hoʻopau ʻia i ʻelua pule. I ka manawa like, ʻaʻole nā Penguins i loko o ka wai a, no laila, mai ʻai, kahi mea maopopo hiki iā lākou ke ʻae, e hoʻomaikaʻi i kahi nui o nā momona momona.
He ʻeke loa ka ʻiʻo Penguin.O ka palena pauku no ka palu penguin e hooloihi i ka moana Atelanika ma ka mokupuni o Tristan d "Akunya, ma ka moana Inikua ma o ka mokupuni o Amsterdam, a i ka Pakipika ma o na mokupuni o Galapagos, loaa no hoi ia lakou ma kahakai o New Zealand, South Australia, ke kihi hema o Aferika a me. ma ke kahakai o ka Pākīpika Hema, hiki i kēia ʻohana ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i ʻekolu mau pūʻulu, ka mea i hōʻike maikaʻi ʻia ʻaʻole wale e ka ʻaoʻao o ke ʻano ʻē aʻe akā nō hoʻi nā hiʻohiʻona anatomical. ʻ firstlima mua ʻo ia i nā kahe nui, ʻū, ʻūle a ʻāʻihi, a me ka liko. ʻO Aptenodytes lāua ʻo Pygoscelis, aia ka Patagonian penguin (A. patagonica) a me ka penguin lōʻihi (A. longirostris) .Ko ka lua o ka hui, ʻo ka huaʻōlelo Eudyptes, he kakā pōkole kahi pōkole, akā ke kiʻekiʻe a maʻalahi ke hoʻomaopopo ʻia e kāna mau hulu ʻulaʻula nani. Pula ka poʻo gula (E. chrysocome). I ke kolu o ka pūʻulu, pōkole loa ka beak, ikaika loa ʻia mai nā ʻaoʻao, kihi ʻia ka pāpaha o lalo, kūwaha ʻia ka iwi lalo, ʻaʻohe kolo. ka ʻākau o nā ʻōiwi āpau ʻo Spheniscus mendiculus mai nā Mokupuni o Galapagos. ʻAno ʻupena ka penguin Fossilized, akā ʻike ʻia kahi puka P. nui (Palaeeudyptes antarcticus) mai nā ʻaoʻao kiʻekiʻe o Eocene o New Zealand, e hōʻike ana i ka ʻano o kēia mau manu.
ʻO ka penguin ʻAmelika, ʻo Spheniscus demersus, ua kapa ʻia nō hoʻi ʻo ia ka Blackfoot Native American Penguin. Loaʻa kēia penguin ma ke kahakai o ka hema o ʻAmelika. Hiki i nā pengu ʻAmelika ke holo wikiwiki me ka wikiwiki o ka like o 4.3 i 15 mph (7-24 km / h) a ke kani nei lākou i nā kani e like me nā hoki nā nui. ʻO ka makahiki i hala aku nei, aia wale nō he 26 tausani mau pālua o ka ʻAmelika Hema i hoʻohālikelike ʻia i ka 121 tausani i ka makahiki 1956, a i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke kenekulia hope ua hiki aku ka heluna o kēia mau manu i ʻelua miliona kanaka. Ke noi nei nā ʻepekema ʻikepili i kahi hana wikiwiki - ʻo ke ala wale nō e pani ai i ka emi hou ʻana o ka heluna kanaka. Eia kekahi, pono e hoʻonohonoho nā mea loea i nā kumu e koi ai i kēlā hōʻemi i ka nui o nā pelu. Wahi a Peter Barham, ka loiloi o ke Kulanui o Bristol (UK), ʻo ka mea nui e hiki ai i kēia ke hōʻemi i nā haʻawina meaʻai. Ma keʻano kūikawā, ke manaʻo nui loa ka makemake nui o ka sardines a me nā loko iʻa a i ʻole ka holo ʻana o ka iʻa i nā wahi ʻē aʻe ma muli o ka hoʻomehana ʻana o ka honua i alakaʻi ai i kēia. He mea hiki nō hoʻi i nāwaliwali wale nō i nāwaliwali no ka pehu ʻana i ke kaiapuni, a pili i ko lākou hiki ke loaʻa i ka meaʻai. ʻO nā mea maikaʻi ʻē aʻe kekahi o nā ʻīlio manuahi penguin-hunting, spills aila, a me ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka nui o nā wahi i kūpono i kūpono no ka hoʻoulu ʻana i nā koloni, ma muli o ke ʻano o ke hoʻololi ʻana.
Hoʻolālā nā Mokupuni o Falkland
ʻO ka Magellanic Penguin kahi kauwela kauwela o nā mokupuni (i manaʻo ʻia he 100,000 mau pualikoa), e hele ana e hānai i nā mokupuni i Kepakemapa. ʻO kēia mau penguins aia i nā lua wili i ka hohonu o 4 a 6 mau wāwae. Loaʻa iā ia i ka inoa inoa inoa ʻo "ka hoki" no ka uē nui a ke kani nui ʻana, a ʻōlelo pinepine ʻia ma ke komo ʻana i ka lua, a lohe pū ʻia nō hoʻi mai nā manu e ʻauʻau ana i ke kai i kahi mamao loa mai ke kapakai. Mālama kēia holoholona holoholona i nā mea liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi, nā iʻa liʻiliʻi a me nā ʻano liʻiliʻi i ka pīpī ma mua o nā mea i hopu ʻia e nā kānaka no ke kūʻai aku. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo kā lākou ʻai ke kumu kumu no ka hakakā o ka lawaiʻa a me nā lawaiʻa o nā kai. Haʻi aku nā pelu ʻo Magellan i kā lākou mau ʻuʻuku ma ʻApelila, e hōʻike ana e huli ana i ka hoʻoilo i ka wai o ka pū o Patagonia, a i ʻole e hele ana i ka ʻākau i mua o Brazil. Eia a lākou i hoʻohālikelike ai i nā pilikia e like me ka poaching a me nā aila ʻaila. Ua kuhi ʻia he 20,000 mau mea pālua a me 22,000 mau makahiki ʻōpio e make i kēlā me kēia makahiki ma ke kahakai o Argentine.Ua hōʻike hou nā haʻawina ma nā mokupuni ʻo Falkland i kahi hōʻemi 10% i ka helu o nā pengu Magellan no kēlā me kēia makahiki, akā no ka mea he wahi maikaʻi kēia ʻano holoholona no kā lākou mau wahi noho, he paʻakikī loa kā lākou helu. ʻO ka mokupuni ʻo Falkland kekahi mea nalo manu nui loa i ka honua a ua hāʻawi i nā pilikia i kau ʻia e nā ʻelele o kēia ʻano ʻōlele ma Chile a me Argentina, ʻo ke ola ʻana o nā noho maikaʻi o nā mokupuni o Falkland he mea nui paha ka ola o nā poʻe o kēia ʻano i ke kānāwai.
ʻO nā penguin Galapagos kekahi mea ʻokoʻa i waena o nā penguins ʻē aʻe i kona wahi ku ʻole i ka ʻāina Antarctic a me Subantarctic, ʻaʻole ia he mea maʻalahi, akā aia wale nō he ʻumi haneli mau kilomita mai ka ekuʻa ʻana o nā mokupuni ʻo Galapagos. ʻO ka mahana o ka ea ma nā wahi he + 18- + 28 ° С, wai - + 22- + 24 ° С. Ma kahi o 90% o nā pengu e noho ana ma nā mokupuni o Fernandin a me Isabela. Hiki i nā poʻeʻelemakule ke kiʻekiʻe o 50 cm a ke kaupaona nei ma kahi o 2,5 kg. ʻO ka papaʻai nui he iʻa liʻiliʻi, nā mea kanu. He poʻo poʻo ʻulaʻula a me ke kua ko Galapagos; aia ke kāla keʻokeʻo e holo ana mai ke alo a hiki i ke poʻo a hōʻea i nā maka, i mua i nā nā ʻelele keʻokeʻo. ʻEleʻele ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo a me ke kumu o ke kauoha, ʻulaʻula a me ka ʻili a puni nā maka e ulaula-ʻulaʻula. Hoʻokomo pinepine nā manu i nā hua maʻamau 38-40 mau lā, ʻoi aku ke kāne me ka wahine. I nā makahiki 60-65, hele nā ʻōpio i ke kai me nā pākeke. Kuhi ʻia ka helu o nā kānaka i ka 1500-2000 manu manu. E nānā i PENGUIN GALAPAGOSSKY i kālai ʻia ma ka International Red Book.
Ua nani ka pengu. No nā ʻohana penguin. Loaʻa pū kekahi ʻo Antipodes Penguin a me Hoijo.
ʻO ka penguin emperor ka nui loa o nā manu penguin nui. Inā kū ana ʻo ia i ka ʻūlū ma luna, a laila e like ka ulu o kona ulu ʻana me 90 kenimika. Inā e neʻe ʻo ia, a laila ʻo kona ulu ʻana me ka nui o 110-120 kenimika. ʻO ke paona o kēia pelu i hiki aku i ka 20-45 kilograms.ʻO ka papahiki Emperor he mau ʻokoʻa i ka ʻāpana: he ʻeleʻele a ʻulaʻula-hina paha ka ʻaoʻao o hope, a ma ke poʻo ka maʻamau ka maʻamau o kēia kala. Poke aku i nā pepeiao nā wahi lapalapa ʻōmaʻomaʻo-ʻoni e hele i ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau o ke ʻāʻī, a me ke keʻokeʻo hoʻi e keʻokeʻo. Aia ka hānau ʻana ʻo kahi lālau aliʻi. ʻO kona kino me ka uhi o ka pulu keʻokeʻo a ʻulaʻula paha. ʻAmelika penguins Emperor ma nā kahakai o Antarctica, hema a 78 degere hema latitude. ʻO ka uluhia o nā penguins emperor, ʻaʻole like me nā mea ʻē aʻe, e kau ana i kahi manawa koʻikoʻi - ka hoʻoilo o Antarctic, a i ka hopena o ke kauwela Antarctic i hānau ʻia nā parani aliʻi mua. ʻO ka maʻamau ma mua, ʻaʻole lākou e hoʻoikaika, ʻokoʻa. Ke alakaʻi nei lākou i kahi ola i hala, akā e loli ka ʻano, a i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ʻApelila penguin ʻoi ka hoʻomaka.
Pale leole gula (lat.Eudyptes crysolophus) - he ʻano o ka penguin crested. ʻO keʻano. Ke loaʻa, e like me keʻano o nā penguins, he ʻaoʻao ʻeleʻele me kahi ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele a me kahi ʻōpū keʻokeʻo, ʻike ʻia lākou i ka ʻike ʻana i nā pōkā gula melemele melemele e hoʻokumu nei i kahi pōā ma luna o nā maka. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kino nāu ʻelele gula he 65-76 cm.ʻO nā palanikele gula ulaula ma ka ʻaoʻao hema o nā ʻaoʻao o ka Pōʻalani a me ʻAmelika. Puhi nāu ʻeleʻele gula i South Georgia, ke South Shetland, South Orkney a me nā mokupuni ʻē aʻe subantarctic. He nui loa kā lākou mau koloni - a hiki i 600,000 mau mea hoʻoulu. Ma ka laulā, aia ma kahi o 2 miliona mau poʻo penguin hina gula ma nā kapakai a me nā awāwa o ka mokupuni ʻo Macquarie wale nō. Holo nāu kalele gula ʻelele ma ka ʻāina, ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i nā nests primitive. 2 waiho ʻia nā hua ʻelua, ʻo ka lua o ka lā ma hope o ka mua. Hoʻomelima ʻia nā kime ʻelua, akā ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka mua ma mua o ka lua, a ʻo ke ʻano ʻaʻole i hoʻopili ʻia ka manu.ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka incubation he 35 lā, me nā ʻano ʻano hoʻohuli no nā makua penguin. Hāpai nā manu ʻelemakule i kā lākou poʻe keiki liʻiliʻi no ʻelua a ʻekolu mau pule, ma hope o ke ʻano he "kahu hānai keiki", ukali me ka molting a haʻalele i ka moana a puni ka hopena o Ianuali. He ʻano kūikawā o nā koloni o nā pelu hina gula i mea ʻawa ikaika, hoʻomanaʻo i ka ʻohu o ka iʻa ʻoki, hiki ke manaʻo ʻia i kekahi mau kilomita mai ka kolone. Nā Pākuʻikepili Penguin Golden hina wahine i ka honua Red Book.
ʻO Humbolt Penguin. ʻIke wale ʻia kēia ʻano peni ma ke kahakai ʻo ʻAmelika Hema, ma ka wahi o ka mana o ka Peruvian (Fock Island). Aia kekahi kolone o kēia mau pelu aia ma ka mokupuni o Puniuil. I ka huakaʻi, e noho ana he mau tausani he 12,000 i ka honua o nā kānaka o kēia ʻano. 8 o lākou e pili ana i Chile, 4 ma Peru. Koho ʻia ʻo Humboldt Penguin i ka Puke Hoʻopuka ma kahi o nā mea pau like ʻole. Ma muli o ka hana i ka iʻa o ka iʻa, ua hoʻemi nui ʻia ka nui o kēia mau kānaka. No ka mea, ke hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia nō hoʻi ka hōʻemi ʻana o ka lehulehu i ka mālama ʻia ʻana o kekahi o nā manu i komo i loko o nā ʻeke lawaiʻa a make ma laila. ʻO ka nui o ka penguin Humboldt kahi ma 70 sentimita. ʻO kona paona e pili ana iā 4 kilogram. ʻO Humboldt Penguin e like me ka Magellanov Penguin. Hoʻohālike ʻia ka waihoʻoluʻu o nā pelu ʻo ia ʻo Humboldt wahine i ke kala o nā kāne, akā ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā kāne i ʻokoʻa ma nā kāne. Ke waiho nei nā Penguins o kēia ʻano i ka hua mai ka lā Malaki a hiki i Dekemaba. Aia ma kahi o ke kolone e kau ai, hiki paha i ka piʻi ke kau ma ʻApelila-Mei, a i Sepatemaba - ʻOkakopa. Hiki i ke ʻano. Ke hoʻākoakoa pinepine ka Humboldt Penguins i ʻelua mau makahiki i hoʻokahi makahiki, inā e hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia kēia e nā ʻano kaiāulu.
Aliʻi Pōhaku (ʻ :lelo Latin: Aptenodytes patagonicus) he manu lele ʻole mai ka ʻohana penguin (Spheniscidae) He ʻano like ka ʻalani penguin ʻo ke aliʻi emperor, akā ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi i ka nui a ʻoi aku ka nani i ka pena. ʻO ka loa o ke kino penguin ʻo 91 ka 96 cm. He mau ʻula hina nā manu manu, nā ʻāpana ʻulaʻula nui ma nā ʻaoʻao o ke poʻo ʻeleʻele a me ka umauma. Keʻokeʻo ka ʻōpū. Nā ʻimi brown. Kahele. ʻO ka ʻeli ʻo King penguin ma nā mokupuni e kokoke ana iā Tierra del Fuego: South Georgia, ke Kahakai ʻo Sandwich Hewa, Marion, Crozier, Kerguelen (mokupuni), Hurd, Macquarie.
Hiki ke noʻonoʻo ʻia ʻo Penguin he holoholona i kahi kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe a he mea pohihihi, a no laila ʻaʻole ia he mea kupanaha ia e hoʻopiʻi ʻia ai ka nānā ʻana o nā poʻe he nui. No laila hiki ke loaʻa ka penguin i nā hana kākau lehulehu, me ka Gorky a me Semenov-Spassky. ʻO kekahi, nā kiʻi wikiō i pana ʻia, no ka laʻana, "The Adventures of the Lolo Penguin" and "Catch the Wave!", No ka mea he leʻaleʻa kaʻina o nā pelu mai nā kamaliʻi. Ma waena o nā mea e hoʻomaopopo pono ʻia, ʻoi aku ka ʻike ʻia o ka hui ʻana o ka hui hockey Pittsburgh Penguins, e pāʻani ana i nā loulou ikaika i ka lewa, a ʻo ka mea o ka penguin kekahi o nā hōʻailona kūlana o Linux.
ʻO nā ʻike e pili ana i nā ʻelikine:
Noho ka poʻe Penguins āpau i ka hemisphere kūkulu hema, i kekahi manawa e piʻi mau i ka ʻākau (i ke kiʻi ʻo Galapagos, kokoke i ka ekuika) a i ʻole nā kūlanakauhale nui ʻē aʻe (Northern Harbour area ma Sydney, Australia). ʻO ka noho ʻana o Cody no Shiverpool ma Antarctica, akā hauʻoli ʻo ia e noho ma ka mokupuni o Pen Gu.
Hiki ke kū pololei nā Penguins no ka mea aia ko lākou mau wāwae pūnaewele ma ka hope o ke kino. Hoʻololi ʻo ia iā lākou me nā mea lawaiʻa wikiwiki a ikaika loa, inā e hui pū ʻia me nā ʻēheu ʻehā. ʻO ia ke ʻano e hoʻomoʻi ai ʻo Cody i ke kohola Mikey a loaʻa i kahi tiketi no ka hoʻokūkū ʻo Big Zee.
ʻO nā penguin King - e like me Jick - nā mea ʻokoʻa maikaʻi loa. I ka ʻimi ʻana i nā iʻa a me nā meaʻai ʻē aʻe, e kahe mau lākou i ka hohonu o 100 mika, a i kekahi manawa he 200 mau mika. Akā, ua lale ʻo Jick a makemake ʻo ia e lawe a hiki i ka lawe ʻana mai ʻo Lani iā ia i kahi piʻipiʻi maikaʻi.
No Cody nā kime o nā penguins rocky, ka hiʻohiʻona ʻia e kahi ʻano wela a me nā hulu melemele lōʻihi ma nā maka ākea.Ua piha lākou i ka ikehu a kahe ʻūhā ma luna o nā pōhaku - no laila loaʻa lākou i ko lākou inoa!
ʻO nā pengu ʻo Papuan, nona ʻo Lani, e ʻoi aku ka wikiwiki ma mua o nā mea loea ʻē aʻe, i kekahi manawa ke hele wikiwiki nei i ka 36 km / h. Hāʻawi kēia huakaʻi iā Lani i lilo i pale palekana nui.
ʻO nā heihei King King penguin - e like me Katie lāua ʻo Chumaz - hatch mai kā lākou mau moa hua e ulu a ulu i nā hulu i nā wiki he nui. ʻAʻole hiki i kahi pipi ke noho me nā mākua a hiki ʻole i ka hulu o ka wai wai ke kū hou aʻe a hiki i ka 13 mau mahina ma hope o kona hānau ʻia ʻana.
Hiki ke kau, ʻaʻole hiki ke lele. ʻO ka penguin wale nō ka manu ke hiki ke lele akā ʻaʻole hiki ke lele. Eia kekahi, ʻo ia wale nō ka manu e hele ana e kū.
Hoʻoulu pinepine nā hulu Penguins. He mau manu wale nō e ulu ulu manu a puni ka kino, e like me nā manu penguin.
Ko nā wāwae e hele ai ma ka wai? ʻO nā manu e hele ana i ka wai pāpaku, e like me nā pua a me ke kūpaʻa, he mau wāwae lōʻihi. No nā manu e hele ana ma luna o nā kalapu he mau lau a me nā ʻalaki, nā manamana lima lōʻihi a me nā ʻūhā he ʻano, i ʻole e hāʻule ai. ʻO nā pōkiki pōkole ka pōkole me nā pōkole ma hope o ka waena o ka gravity. No kēia kumu, hiki iā lākou ke hele wale me ka paʻa ʻana i ke kino kūpono me nā papa pōkole. Inā pono e neʻe wikiwiki, holo lākou ma ka pūhaka a hālei e like me kahi sima, e hoʻihoʻi ana mai ka hau me nā ʻēheu a me nā wāwae.
Ka ʻoihana maikaʻi loa. He aha ka hana o nā penguins ma ka hohonu o hoʻokahi a me hoʻokahi hapa mile? Ua hoʻonohonoho nā mea ola o Iapana i nā kāmelo ma hope o nā holoholona i hala i ka hohonu o ke kai. E like me ka wehewehe ʻana o nā mea kākau o ka hana, ua komo nā aniani o ka lā i kahi mau mika he 150 mau hohonu i loko o ke kai, no laila ʻaʻole maopopo ka mea a lākou e hana ai ma ka hapalua kilomita ka hohonu, no ka laʻana, e pili ana nā kaila emperor emere a me nā keke o elepana e hiki ai ke holo i hoʻokahi a me ka hapa kilomita.
Hiki i ka ʻauʻau no ʻekolu pule. Hiki i ka ʻikepili Patagonian ke lele ʻelua a ʻekolu mau pule a uhi i ka lōʻihi a hiki i 1,500 km.
ʻO ka mea holo wikiwiki. Hiki i ka pēpē Papuan (Pygoscelis papua) ke holo wikiwiki ma ka wikiwiki a hiki i 27 km / h.
Hoʻaloʻe mai ka wai o ka wai. Lele aku ʻo Penguins, loomo iā Gavia immer, grebes, diucks ducks Clangula hyemalis a me nā manu ʻē aʻe he nui mai ka wai mai ka wai. ʻAʻole i ka inertia o ka lawaiʻa o ka lawehala, hoʻohana lākou e hoʻōki i ka neʻe o ko lākou mau wāwae a (a) i nā ʻēheu. Kēia mau ʻōiwi, ua kū ka wāwae i ka hope o ke kino, e like me ke kaʻe ʻili ma lalo o ke kumu o kahi moku. I ka hoʻohuʻu ʻana, hiki iā lākou ke hoʻemi i ka buoyancy ma ka paʻa ʻana i ka hulu me ka piʻipiʻi i nā peke hau.
ʻO ka ʻenemi keu nui loa. Hoʻā huhū nui nā penguins pōhaku, ikaika a paʻakikī.