Loons - ʻO ia ka manu ʻākau, ʻo ia ka wai. ʻO ke kauoha o kēia mau manu he 5 wale nō ia. Ke ulu nui nei lākou me ka pāliki home, aia kekahi kanaka nui a nui aʻe. Ma mua, ua hoʻohana ʻia ka hulu loon no nā pāpale wahine.
ʻOluʻolu a me ka nani o kā lākou hulu. ʻO waho, he nani a ʻike akamai ke ʻano manu. ʻO nā kāwaha lau nahele i nā ʻēheu kālā ke ʻano nui i waena o ka loon a me nā manu ʻē aʻe. Hoʻoulu ka laka i ka 70 sentimita, a ʻo ke kaupaona ʻana o ka manu he 6 kilograms. ʻO nā ʻano lole āpau he mau lawaiʻa nani. ʻAʻole hiki i kēia mau manu ke hele ma ka ʻāina, akā lele lākou ma luna o ia. Hiki i nā loio ke hana i nā ʻano leo ʻelua:
Hoʻolohe ʻia i ka leo o ka leo
Ke kūhea nei kahi uaki inā ʻimi ʻoe e hōʻike i kahi lele i kou ʻohana. Kāhea Loon hiki ke lohe pinepine ʻia, ʻoiai ʻaʻole hiki i kekahi ke kūʻē iā lākou. Akā kēia kani leo i kāna kūlike. Noho nui lākou ma nā wai anu. Hoʻopōla kahi papana o ka momona subcutaneous iā lākou mai ka hypothermia.
Hoʻomaka lākou e hoʻoheheʻe i ka hāʻule, a i ka hoʻoilo, ua uhi ʻia lākou i ka hulu ʻāmaʻomaʻo. I ka manawa like, nalowale nā manu i ka hulu manu, no laila hiki ʻole iā lākou ke lele no kahi 2 mau mahina. ʻO ka holo ʻana o nā pūlaka e like me ka mea iʻokoʻa ʻole. ʻAʻohe ʻano palena a me ka alakaʻi. Hoʻokaʻawale mau ʻia nā manu.
ʻAinā kahiʻaila a me ka noho ʻana
Noho ʻia nā lona ma nā wahi anu. ʻO nā kamaʻāina maʻamau ʻo Eurasia a me ʻAmelika ʻAmelika. Hoʻohana i ko lākou ola holoʻokoʻa ma luna o ka wai. Ke manuahi ʻia ka wai, lele ka manu e lele i nā wahi ʻē aʻe.
Nā ʻele lolele makemake i nā ʻauʻau nui a me ke anuanu. ʻO ka pinepine ka nui o nā loko a me ka moana. Hāʻawi ka kino o ke manu i kēia ola i loko o ke kai, e hoʻopalulu ʻia a palulu iki ʻia. ʻO ka hele ʻana o nā membran e ʻae i ka manu e holo manuahi a e hōʻalo ʻia. Mālama mai nā wai momona i loko o ka wai i loko o ka wai anuanu.
Hiki ke hālāwai i nā loona i nā ʻāhu. Hiki iā lākou ke noho ma nā kuahiwi. Hoʻohana lākou i ko lākou ola āpau ʻaʻole i mamao loa mai ka wai. Hōʻike pinepine lākou i ka hoʻoilo i ka Black, Baltic a i ʻole White Seas, a i ke kū pū o ka Pākīpika. He nani nā manu, makemake i nā wahi maʻemaʻe.
He manu nā loona i ka hapanui o ko lākou manawa i ka huakaʻi. Ke lele nei mai kahi wahi a kahi, ʻike maʻalahi lākou i kā lākou ʻai a me ka pua hs. E koho mau i ka wai maʻemaʻe a me nā kahakai.
Ka monogamous ka liona. Hoʻokumu lākou i nā kāne no ke ola. Ke lele aku nei lākou mai kahi a kahi i kahi a me ka lawe pū ʻana i nā moa. E piʻi mālie nā manu mai ka wai. Holo lākou ma luna, akā nui i ka ala pololei. ʻAʻole hoʻokaʻawale ʻia kēia manu me nā huli koi. Inā manaʻo ʻo ia i ka pōpilikia, hoʻomaka koke ʻo ia i loko o ka wai.
Hiki iā lākou ke holo i kahi hohonu o 20 mika a ma lalo o ka wai a hiki i ka 2 mau minuke. Ma hope o ka lele ʻana, pae wale nō nā puka i ka wai. Ke hoʻāʻo e pae, hoʻokaʻawale nā wāwae i nā wāwae a ʻaki paha.
Ke ike o na loio
I kēia lā, ua palena nā kānaka loona i ʻelima mau ʻano, ʻo ia hoʻi:
- Loʻo Arctic a ʻeleʻele paha ia,
- Nā kelepona ʻeleʻele,
- ʻO Loon ʻulaʻulaʻulaʻula,
- Loon keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo,
- Loon keokeo ʻāʻī.
ʻO ke ʻano o kēia mau manu a pau kekahi. ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻokoʻa lākou i ka hiʻohiʻona wale nō. Hoʻopau lākou a pau i kahi kūmū ʻehaʻeha, i hiki ʻole ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā leo mai nā manu ʻē aʻe. ʻO ka puka maʻamau ka mea maʻamau ʻeleʻele (ʻeleʻele-throated).
Hoʻonohonoho ʻia ʻo Loon Black-throated
Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka loona ʻulaʻulaʻula i kona nani. Aia ke kāula ʻōniʻoniʻo ma kona ʻāʻī, me he mea lā paha ke kola mai ka lōʻihi. He ʻāʻea ka manu.
ʻO ka wehewehe a me nā hiʻohiʻona o ka loon
Noho nā loʻi ma nā pale. Noho mau lākou i nā wai wai anu a noho ma laila a hiki i ka manuahi ʻana. ʻO nā manu lono nui loa. Me ka poʻe kokoke ʻole e launa pū. Ua paʻakikī ka hoʻohuli ʻana i kēia manu. No laila, ʻaʻohe mea hoʻohālike o nā mahiʻai i mālama ʻia ai ka loona. ʻO kekahi manawa lākou e ʻimi ai (ʻeleʻele. Kuhi ʻia kekahi o kēia ʻohana ma ka Buke Red.
Pono e ʻōlelo ʻia he mau manu nā manu. Pēlā e like me ke kānāwai, ʻo ka ʻimi ʻana o kahi waihona wai, lele lākou i nā wahi like. Noho nā manu ma kahi o 20 mau makahiki. Ma mua, ua ʻimi ʻia nā manu ma muli o ka hulu a me ka ʻili, akā, ma hope ua emi ka nui o ko lākou lehulehu a ua ʻae ʻia ka hopu ʻana. Lele ʻo Loon i luna kiʻekiʻe. E kū aʻe i ka lewa mai ka wai. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā membrane ma nā manamana lima he mea paʻakikī ia no lākou e ala mai ka ʻāina.
Hoʻonohonoho ʻia nā kiʻi ʻo Red-throated Loon
ʻO ka ʻai loʻi a me ka hoʻoulu
ʻO ka meaʻai nui o ka loona ka iʻa liʻiliʻi, kahi e hopu ai ka manu i ka wa e hemo ana. ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, hiki iā ia ke ʻai i nā mea āpau i ka loko wai a kai paha. Hiki iā mollusks, nā mīpī liʻiliʻi, nā nūʻau a me nā mea ʻino.
Hiki i ka hiki ke hoʻohālikelike ma nā loiloi hope loa - i loko o ke kolu o ka makahiki o ke ola. Nā pihi ʻaoa ma waena o nā loko, kahi paʻa ma ke kai, inā he nui wale o nā mea kanu e hoʻopuni ana a puni. Mai ka pūnāwai i ka wai, hana ka wahine a me ke kāne i nā ʻōpala kahi e hiki ai iā lākou ke wikiwiki koke i loko o ka wai, ʻai a hoʻi hou i ka pili.
ʻO ka maʻamau, ʻo ka wahine e hāʻawi i nā hua 2, kahi hihia inā loaʻa nā 3 ma ka pūnana. He ʻano maikaʻi a he kala ka hua. ʻAʻole e hoʻokele i ka hua hipa ma ka lā like, ʻoi aʻe ka manawa me kahi manawa o kahi pule. ʻO nā wahine a me nā kāne incubate hua ma ʻō. Noho ʻo kekahi o nā mākua i loko o ka pūnana. Hoʻohāluolu ka manawa incubation ma waena o 30 mau lā.
Hoʻohālikelike ʻia ka loiloi keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo e kahi beak mālamalama nui
Inā manaʻo ka manu i ka pōpilikia, a laila lūlū me ka maluhia ma ka puka o ka wai i ka wai a hoʻomaka e hana ʻana i nā leo nui a kāhi i kona mau ʻēheu ma luna o ka wai, e hoʻohuli. Kūleʻa nā pua i ka hulu ʻeleʻele. Kokoke koke, hiki iā lākou ke hue a ʻauʻau maikaʻi. E hānai nā mākua iā lākou i nā pule mua. ʻO kā kā lākou ʻai, ua kau a me nā pōpoki. Ma hope o kekahi mau pule, hoʻomaka nā moa keiki i ka hānai. Hiki iā lākou ke lele ma nā makahiki 2 mau mahina.
ʻO nā palapala Loon hoihoi
1. ʻO nā liona keʻokeʻo a keʻokeʻo a keʻokeʻo hoʻi i kahakaha ʻia i ka Red Red Book.
2. O ka uwē ʻana e hana ai ka manu e like me ka uwē ʻana o ka holoholona hihiu.
3. Huli wale ʻia kēia mau manu no ka hulu a me ka ʻili.
4. ʻAʻole kaulana ka ʻiʻo Loon me nā mea hopu.
5. ʻAʻohe māla he wahi e piha ai ka loona.
6. Hoʻokele ʻia nā kāne i nā loina no ke ola, inā wale nō ke make o ka hoa, ke ʻimi nei ka manu i kahi mea hou.
7. Hoʻokomo pū ʻia ka hoʻōho e kekahi kāne; i ka manawa hānau wale nō ka wahine e kaha nui.
Loon ʻeleʻele ʻia
ʻAnane like ke ʻano o nā kāne a me nā wahine - ua uhi ʻia ka ʻōpū me ka hulu keʻokeʻo, a ma luna, he hina hina-ʻulaʻula a ʻeleʻele paha me nā ʻike keʻokeʻo. Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale i nā mea like e like me ke kumu hoʻohālike - ʻo kēlā me kēia.
ʻAʻole ʻike wale ia ke kumu i ka wā hoʻoilo, ke hoʻohuli nei ke ʻano o ka manu holoʻokoʻa i loko o kahi monotonous. Mai nā geese a me nā pūkuniʻu, ʻokoʻa nā lona i ke ʻano holo ʻana - heʻe iki lākou a keoka nei i ko lākou ʻāʻī. He liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi nā ʻēheu o nā manu, e kūʻē i ka nui o nā pālolo, aʻo nā wāwae i ka hope i hope - hu pinepine lākou me ka huelo. ʻO nā manamana lima mua o ka manu e hoʻopili ʻia e kahi membrane. He leo sonorous ke loʻo ʻeleʻele-kūwili - ma kona kaila ke lohe ʻoe i ka uē ʻana a me nā uē. I kahi kanaka pākōlele nona keokeo, ʻoi aku ka uwē ʻana me he mea lā e ʻaʻo ana ka moa. ʻO ka mea pōʻino, aia ka loona i ka papa hope loa, no laila ʻo ka manawa kūpono wale e hoʻopakele ai i nā mea ʻōiwi ʻo ka Red Book. ʻO nā leo o nā ʻūhā ʻeleʻele i ke kala pā ʻana e like me ka "ha-ha-ha-rra", kahi i kapa ʻia kēlā inoa.
Pua Loon
I loko o kahi lima, ʻaʻohe nui o ka hua manu i nā hua he nui - ma mua o hoʻokahi a ʻelua paha. Hoʻomaʻi maikaʻi ʻia nā kala o nā hua i ka poʻe make mai - hua ʻōleka-brown brown i hui pū ʻia me nā mea kanu kai. Ma ka lōʻihi e aneane he ʻumi kenimita, a ma ke kaupaona ʻana o kēlā me kēia kiko he 105 grama.
No ka masonry hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻoholo i kona ʻano nona - red-throated a black-throated loon. ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā hua mua. Hoʻopili nā mea ʻelua i ka masonry - ua kūleʻa lākou i kēlā me kēia, ke waiho ʻana i ka ʻuhane o kaʻeha ma luna o ka wai, hiamoe a ʻai. Hōʻea ka hatching e pili ana hoʻokahi mahina ma kahi o 25 mau lā a ma hope o 30. A noho nā pēpē i loko o ka pūnana no kahi manawa pōkole - ʻaʻole iʻoi aku ma mua o ʻelua mau lā. A laila hoʻomaka ka makua i nā ʻōpio i ka wai. ʻO ke ʻano like loa no kēia - piʻi nā moa i ka kua o kahi manu makua a hāʻule i ka wai. Maʻalahi loa, hiki iā ʻoe ke nānā pehea e kau pono ai nā keiki ma kā lākou iho ma waena o nā mākua ʻelua. E mālama pono iā lākou i nā lā pōʻino ʻē aʻe.
Nā Lāʻau
Nā Loons noho i nā pālua. Hoʻomaka lākou e pua i ka makahiki o ʻekolu mau makahiki. Pēlā lākou i kū pū ai i nā wahi hoʻōla me ka wai maʻemaʻe, he nui ka wai ʻole me nā papa mālie. Aia ka pūnana ma kahi kokoke i ka wai, ma ka maʻamau ma kahi papa me nā mea kanu lau, a he aha ka mauʻu like ʻole e ulu ana ma kahi e paʻa ana ka pūnana, a mai nā mea make. Mai ka nūnū i ka wai alakaʻi 1-2 (ka liʻiliʻi pinepine o 3-4) manholes, ma loko o kahi i holo ai nā manu i loko o ka pūnana a hele i ka wai. Ma nā kahakai marshy, hiki i ka pūpū ke lilo i mea ʻoi aku ka nani o ka ʻōpū, ʻoi loa ua pala, nā mea kanu. Pahu ka pāpale i ka pāheu, a maloʻo ka nīnū. Ma nā kahakai kahe, ʻaʻole paha ka litter, a moe nā hua ma ka pitika a i ʻole kahi māla ʻē aʻe. ʻO kēia mau wai nalo, e like me ka toadstools, ʻaʻole i loaʻa nā ʻōhua.
ʻAno hānau
I loko o ka paʻa o nā loina, e like me ke ʻano, ʻelua, ʻaʻole i hoʻokahi, a i ʻole ka loaʻa kahi kaʻawale - ʻekolu mau huaʻai. Loaʻa iā lākou kahi ʻano oblong-oval a me kahi kapa ʻoliva maikaʻi, ʻeleʻele a ʻeleʻele-ʻōmaʻomaʻo, me nā ʻōmaʻomaʻoʻeleʻele a i ʻeleʻele paha a me nā wahi liʻiliʻi. ʻAʻole paʻa nā hua moa i loko o ka pūnana, akā kahi ma kahi mamao ma kahi mamao. Hāʻawi ka wahine iā lākou i kekahi manawa he mau lā. Hoʻololi loa nā lālā o nā kāne i kahi manawa no 24-29 mau lā, akā he wahine.
Mai nā goa, ʻo nā gull a i nā skuas Lohe ʻoi aku ke pale aku iā lākou iho. Inā he kolohe, ke kanaka, a i ʻole nā mea ʻē aʻe e hōʻike i kahi pōʻino e pili kokoke ana i ka nalo, lele mua ka manu i ka ʻūhā, hōʻaiʻe i kona ʻāʻī, a laila holo mālie ʻoe i loko o ka wai a kū aʻe i kahi ākea, kaʻauʻau ʻūlio me kahi maka waho ʻole ʻole. Ma ka mīkini kiko honu, noho paʻa ka lono, hoʻokili kokoke i ka mea hoʻopihapiha, e hūnā pinepine iā ia mai ka pūnana me nā hōʻike hoʻohiki - nā dives, nā ʻūʻī, nā kīwaha i kona mau ʻēheu, "hula" ma ka wai. Ua uhi ʻia nā ʻili o ka hina ma lalo o ka hina hina. Ma hope koke iho o ka honu ʻana, hiki iā lākou ke ʻauʻau a kai kai maikaʻi, akā i ka wā mua ua noho pinepine lākou i kahakai, e hū ana i ka mauʻu. E hānai nā mākua iā lākou me nā invertebrates aquatic a me nā iʻa liʻiliʻi. Ke ulu nei, ua aʻo nā moa i ka hopu ʻana iā lākou iho. Loaʻa iā lākou ke kūʻokoʻa a me ka hiki ke lele i ka makahiki 6-7 mau pule.
Loona a me ke kāne
He liʻiliʻi ka manaʻo nui o nā loilo. Loaʻa ʻia lākou i nā mea liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi me nā manu kalepa o nā kānaka ʻē aʻe o ka ʻAlaki ʻĀkau, e hoʻohana ai i ka ʻai no ka meaʻai. ʻO ka lawaiʻa ʻana ma mua o nā ʻili e hana ai ka "manu manu" i hana ʻia i kēia manawa. ʻO ka ʻai ʻana i ka iʻa, hiki i nā lono ke hana ʻino i ka lawaiʻa, ʻoiai he mea waiwai nui ia, ʻoiai ʻo ka nui o ka iʻa a lākou e luku ai, ua hoʻohālikelike ʻia i ka ʻano o kēia lawaiʻa. Hoʻohui ʻia, ʻo ka ʻai nui ʻana i nā mea maʻi a nāwaliwali, ʻo ka loʻo ke kuleana o kekahi o nā kumu o ke koho kūlohelohe, e hoʻopiʻi maikaʻi ana i ka kūlana maʻamau o ka nui o ka iʻa o ka iʻa.
Hōʻanoʻike
ʻO ka wai wai ka nui o ka soose a i ʻole duck nui, kahi a lākou e wehe ai i kahi beak. ʻO ka lōʻihi o nā kauho mai ka 53 a 91 paha cm, nā eheu mai 106 a 152 cm, ke kau paona o 1 ke 6.4 kg. I nā lele hālei, ua lele nā ʻēheu liʻiliʻi, ʻōpiu ka lōʻihi i hope, me he mea lā ʻaʻole he lā. Ma nā lele mokulele, "wakoi", kūlou i ke kua, a ʻokoʻa hoʻi ia mai nā kuikena a me nā pākaʻi. Hoʻokaʻawale lākou i nā grebes i nā nui nui, ʻoi aku ke kino nui, i ka manawa moe - i ka waiho ʻole ʻana o ka hulu elongated i hulu hulu i ke poʻo. ʻO ka ʻokoʻa ākea ka hoʻololi ʻili o ka wāwae (ma nā pūhaka i nā manamana mua ʻekolu e pili ʻia ana e ka membrane, aʻo ka toadstools ʻaʻole ʻōpiopio ma waena o nā manamana lima.
Hoʻohālike ʻia ka helehelena o nā kāne a me nā wahine: ʻo ke kolamu o ka ʻaoʻao ventral he keʻokeʻo, a ʻeleʻele ka luna ma luna o nā ʻula keʻokeʻo a ʻulaʻula paha. Ma ke poʻo a me ka ʻāʻī kahi hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona no kēlā me kēia ʻano. I ka wā'ōpiopio, e like me nā manu pākeke i ka wā hoʻoilo, ʻaʻole i noho kēia pola, a ʻoi aku ka nui o nā kala o ka plumage - he keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo a me kahi ʻeleʻele.
ʻAʻole nui ka iwi nāu, e like me nā manu ʻē aʻe. He paʻakikī loa lākou a lahui, e kōkua ana i nā ʻōlapa e holo. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā lono i nā kaola waiola lākou e neʻe me ka paʻakikī nui loa i ka ʻāina, a he mea liʻiliʻi loa ia ke ʻike aku iā lākou. E like me ke kānāwai, ʻaʻole e hele nā loina, akā e hālei i nā wāwae, e hāʻawi ana i ka manaʻo e holo ana lākou i ka ʻōpū. Hāʻawi ka wā i ka wai ma ke kai a ʻike i ka ʻāina wale nō i ka manawa hana.
He leo leo
He leo nui loa a leo ka ʻāʻī ʻana, nā mea ʻū a me nā kūhoʻā. I ka wā hānai, ʻoi ʻia ke ʻano nui o ka "ha-ha-ha-rrra" i kahi ʻano nui. I ka loona ʻulaʻula, i hoʻopiha ʻia ai kēia kanikani e nā hoahana like ʻelua, ma nā ʻano ʻē aʻe, na ke kāne wale nō.
He leo ʻōkuhi mai nā ʻūhā ʻeleʻele, nā ʻulaʻula a me nā ʻulaʻula keʻokeʻo - kūloko i like me nā ʻōpio;
ʻO ka wehewehe, nā ʻano
He manu loʻo Loon. Ma ka ʻāina, ua koho wale ʻia ma ke ala hope loa. Hāʻawi ʻia nā “āpau” a pau i ka puʻu me ka paʻakikī, no ka mea, ʻo nā wāwae, "hoʻololi ʻia" i hope, no ka lawena i loko o ke kai. No laila, ma ka ʻāina, lele nui ka manu i loko o kona ʻōpū. ʻIke ʻo Ornithologists i ʻelima mau ʻano.
Mai hūnā ʻia me ka eakiko kīʻaha - he ʻelele kēia o ka detachment. ʻOkoʻa loa ka kala.
He mau inoa inoa inoa nā manu loon Loon e hōʻike ana i nā ʻokoʻa ma waena o nā subspecies:
- ʻaukā ʻeleʻele,
- ʻeleʻele
- Hoʻohui ʻulaʻula
- keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo
- ke kōpaʻa keʻokeʻo.
ʻO ka ʻokoʻa nui mai nā manu ʻē aʻe he ʻono maikaʻi ʻoi. Ka mea maʻamau nui-ʻeleʻele i loaʻa - kahi ʻano i helu ʻia ma ka Red Red Book.
E hana mākou iā "i nā kikoʻī hou aku. Loa ke kino 50-70 cm, 'o kona nui a hiki i ka 3,4 kg, kona mau ʻēheu he 130 cm. ʻAʻole nā ʻāpana e like i nā aniani, akā he nani. I ka ʻāʻī, he mau ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele a ʻulaʻula a me ke keʻokeʻo, e like me ke kolo. ʻEleʻele ke poʻo, keʻokeʻo "hāpono", e like me ke kino holoʻokoʻa.
ʻO keʻokeʻo nā ʻūhā ma luna o ka ʻōpū, ma luna - kūleʻeleʻeleʻeleʻele me nā keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo - nā kaʻe ma nā ʻaoʻao. ʻO ka leo o ke kani ʻāʻī o ka ʻāʻī nui e like me ke kani ʻana o ka pu, a i ka wā e moe ai, e like me nā ʻano ʻōiwi ʻē aʻe, hiki iā ʻoe ke lohe maikaʻi aʻe i ka "ha-ha-garra". No laila ka inoa - loon.
Kahele
Noho lākou i nā ʻāpana tundra a me nā wahi nahele o ʻEulopa, ʻAsia a me ʻAmelika ʻAmelika, kahi i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ai ke kūkulu ʻākau i nā mokupuni mamao loa. Ma Asia, aia lākou e noho ai i nā loko iʻa wāwae a me nā kaona o nā mauna kuahiwi o Siberia hema.
Noho ka ʻalepona i ko lākou ola holoʻokoʻa ma luna o ka wai a i ʻole kokoke i ka pilina. Loaʻa iā lākou ʻelua ma ke kahakai o ke kai, a me nā loko a me nā muliwai. ʻO Overwinter ma nā kapakai o nā kai he wai ʻole. Aia ʻo ʻEulopa, ʻo ke kai Akau a me Baltic ke Komohana, a ʻo ka ʻona hoʻi o ke Kai Hikina. Ma ʻAmelika, ʻo ke kahakai ʻo ka Pākīpika i ka hema i ke Komohana Kaleponi a me ke kahakai Atlantika a hiki i Florida. Ma Asia, ʻo ia ke kahakai o Kina a hiki i ka mokupuni ʻo Hainan.
ʻO kahi ala e neʻe ana i kahi neʻe i ka ʻĀpana Siberia o ka heluna ʻeleʻele a me nā kele ʻeleʻele. ʻO kēia mau manu ka hoʻoilo ma ke Kai Kūleʻele, i ka pūnāwai lele ko lākou lele mua i ka Baltic, a laila ma ke Kai Hema wale nō. ʻO kēia ʻano, i ka wā i hele ai nā ala neʻe no ka hoʻoilo a me ka hoʻoilo ka hiʻona, ʻo ia kekahi mau hiʻona o nā manu wale nō.
Habitat, noho kino
He poʻe ʻona nā kai kūʻono. Mālama ʻia ia mai ka hiʻona e ka momona subcutaneous a me ka hulu hoʻonaninani i pae ʻia ma hope o ka hoʻoilo ʻana e ka hoʻoilo. ʻOiai ke kūʻē o ka hau, ua hoʻohemo ʻia nā manu e lele - a lele i ka wā ke uhi ʻia kona ʻili maoli i ka hau. ʻO nā moana punahele no ka hoʻoilo - ʻeleʻele a ʻulaʻula paha.
ʻO nā wahi noho maʻamau ka māhele ʻākau o Eurasia a me ʻAmelika. Hiki i ka loona ke loaʻa a hiki i ke tundra a i ʻole nā mauna, ʻo ka mea nui i loaʻa ka wai i kahi kokoke. Hoʻākoakoa nā manu i loko o nā ʻohana, akā ʻike ka loona i nā kānaka, ʻike ʻole ʻia nā hihia o kona "domestication".
Hoʻokumu nā pila wahine i nā pūnāwai. Ke wā e hoʻoheheʻe ka hau, kūkulu lākou i nā nests kokoke i ka wai, no laila e pōʻino koke lākou. I ka awelika, waiho aku ka wahine i ʻelua hua - he oval i ke ʻano o ka ʻulaʻula. Holo nui nā hua - e pili ana i 9-10 cm, ke kaupaʻa ana i ka 100 g.
ʻOiai ka liʻiliʻi o nā hua hua - ʻaʻole iʻoi aku ma mua o 3, ka wahine e waiho "iā lākou i nā kekona," me "hemo" hebedoma.
ʻAʻole haʻalele ka makuahine i nā moa, hānai iā lākou me nā mea liʻiliʻi a me ka palaoa. Holo kūʻokoʻa nā pēpē o ka wahine hou, akā ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke loaʻa meaʻai. ʻO nā ʻōpio "puʻe" ma ke kua o ka makuahine e hoʻopā nui ʻia. Pēlā ka haʻona e aʻo ai i nā hua e aau, ʻo kona kua aia kahi pūnāwai no ka make.
Nā hiʻohiʻona, ʻike mauʻike
Inā he pōʻino loa kahi manu ma ka ʻāina ma muli o ka palaka, a me ka lohi, a laila paʻakikī ke hopu i ka wai. Ke ʻike nei i ka pōʻino, kūlohelohe ka lono a ʻauʻau wale, e holo wikiwiki nei ma lalo o ka wai. ʻO ke ʻano o ka "pae" ʻana i kahi manu ma ka wai. Kokoke ʻia ʻo ke kino o kona kino āpau, aia wale ke poʻo ma ka ʻāʻī o ke kakaka i ʻike ʻia mai luna aʻe.
Poni nui ka manu Loon i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe a puni iā ia, no laila, a no laila ua uhai ʻia nā ʻano kanaka i loko o ka nui o ka lepo a me ka lepo. Ke kāohi ʻia nei i kēia mau manu haʻaheo, nui ka nui o nā ʻano make, akā no ka mea, he lawaiʻa kekahi o nā ʻūlani e lawaiʻa ana no ka hulu manu loono.
Kahi hana
Pahu nani nā lono a holo huki maoli, i kekahi manawa holo i ka 21 mika a waiho ma lalo o ka wai a hiki i 1,5 mau minuke. Noho lākou i ko lākou ola a pau i ka wai, ka waiho ʻana ma ka ʻāina wale nō i ka wā hana. ʻO ka hapanui ke kai he nui, nā kai wai hou o ka wai ke kipa wale aku i ka wā o ka hoʻoulu ʻana a me ka neʻe ʻana, a me ke koena o ka manawa e mālama mau ʻia lākou i ka moana.
Lalo aku mai ka wai, hoʻopuehu lōʻihi i ka makani. ʻO ka lele o nā ʻōwili he wikiwiki a, like ʻole me nā ʻolo, manoeuvrable, me ka lele mau ʻana i nā ʻēheu, a me kahi poʻo i kūlou. Noho pū lākou ma luna o ka wai, i ka wā e hāpai ana i ko lākou mau ʻēheu, paʻa ʻia i ko lākou mau wāwae a i kēia hana e pae ai ka pae ʻana ma luna o ko lākou ʻōpū. Noho lākou ma luna o ka wai a hoʻohemo pinepine pinepine i loko o ka pilikia, ʻaʻole i ka lawe. Ke neʻe nei i lalo o lalo o ka wai, hoʻohana nui lākou i ko lākou mau wāwae, i lawe ʻia ma hope loa. ʻO kekahi manawa ke kahalaha, ke hoʻohana nei lākou i nā ʻēheu, akā maʻamau ke kau ʻia nā ʻēheu ma ko lākou kua a uhi ʻia i ka nāu e uhi ana i ka hulu o nā ʻēheu ponoʻī, me ko lākou mau kua a me nā ʻaoʻao lōʻihi, i hoʻokumu ʻia i kahi "pōkā" kūikawā. ʻO kekahi hoʻololi hou mai ka hoʻolilo ʻana, ʻo ka hoʻomoʻa ʻana o ka plumage me ka momona o ka kelima supra-tail coccygeal. He mānoanoa ka uhi hulu, me kahi ʻāpana o ka fluff. Mālama kekahi papa o ka momona subcutaneous mai ka hypothermia.
I nā manu pākeke, hoʻomaka ka molting i ka hāʻule, ma mua o ka lele ʻana, ua loli ka plumage māla i ka paluwela i ka hoʻoilo. I ke kiʻekiʻe o ka hoʻoilo, hāʻule nā hulu i ka wā like, a nalowale nā manu i ko lākou hiki ke lele no 1-1.5 mau mahina. Ma ʻApelila, loaʻa hou nā lole kauwela.
ʻO nā ʻaina ma nā kai wela. Noho ka poʻe ʻōpio ma laila no ke kauwela mua, a hiki i ka wā i hiki ai ka wāʻelemakule. I ka pūnāwai, ua hōʻea lākou i ka hopena, i ka wā he nui ka wai maʻemaʻe. ʻO nā ʻōleʻa o nā loina ma ka lele e like me nā pūʻulu pālahalaha ʻia, ma waena o nā manu i loaʻa nā ʻāpana he mau mau mika a he ʻumi paha mau mita. ʻOiai, ʻoi pūlio pū ka kāne, ka wahine a me ka wahine i kaawale i kekahi.
Noho nā kelepona iʻoi aku ma mua o 20 mau makahiki. Kūpono ka poʻe ʻea a, inā paha, e mau ka ola.
Nā kānaka a me Loon
Ma kahi liʻiliʻi o nā loina, a me nā manu pāʻani ʻē aʻe, ua hopu ʻia nā kānaka ʻōiwi o ka Far North e hoʻohana ana i ka ʻai no ka meaʻai. Ma mua, ua hana ʻia nā pāpale wahine mai nā kiri leotard (nā umauma keʻokeʻo a me ka ʻōpū), aia kekahi lawaiʻa kūikawā no ka "manu manu" a "leona ʻona". Ua hala pono nā ʻano lole no kēlā mau huahana, ʻaʻohe lawaiʻa lawaiʻa e holo nei i kēia manawa.
He haʻahaʻa loa ka mana hoʻohālikelike o nā loina, ua makaʻala lākou a noʻonoʻo ʻole i ka ʻaoʻao o nā kānaka. Hoʻomaʻa pinepine lākou i nā ʻalani lawaiʻa, mai ka pā ʻana mai i nā puʻa hōʻaiuki a me nā ʻano kīwī āpau, ʻoi loa ka aila.
No nā lā nui o ke kūlanakauhale ʻo Hawthorne (Nevada, USA) ma nā kapa o ka mauna paʻakai ʻo Walker Lake, e mālama ʻia nei i kēlā Loona hoʻolauleʻa: Ke hālāwai me nā haneli he nui o nā ʻohana o kēia mau manu, kahi mea i ho'ōki ai i ka hoʻomaha ai a hānai i ka wā o kahi neʻe ʻana. Mai ka 2009, pono e hoʻokaʻawale ke ʻoloke, no ka mea, ua welo ʻo Walker, ma muli o ke kiki a me ke ʻano o nā mea hōʻeuʻeu i nā mea ʻino i ka piʻi ʻana o ka wai. ʻĀnō ke lele nei nā manu i kēia ʻaoʻao o ka loko.
Ka mōʻaukala ʻoihana
O nā ʻōlapa paha kekahi o nā hui kahiko i waena o nā manu ʻōiwi hou. Ka loona fossil kahiko loa i loaʻa i ka Oligocene o ʻAmelika Hema - he pua liʻiliʻi o ka ʻano manu Colymboides. ^ E Ha yM. Aia nō kekahi mau palena kahiko e pili hou ana i ka hope o ka Cretaceous, akā ua kūʻēʻē ʻia kā lākou pili i nā loina. Ali LoonGavia) kūkaʻa mai ka Miocene Lower. Ma kahi o nā ʻelima mau ʻelima, ʻewalu mau ʻano fossil e pili ana i ka huaʻōlelo Gavia.
E ʻokiʻoki ʻo Morologically a, ʻoiai, ma kahi ala e pili ana, kokoke nā laka i ka mea like me ke penguin like me tubular-nosed. Hoʻololi pū ʻia nā lono me nā toadstools. ʻAʻohe ʻōlelo like ʻole kēia mau manu i ka morphology a i ʻole ecology.
He ʻauhau
Ma ka ʻōlelo maʻamau, ua manaʻo ʻia nā lono e like me ka mauʻu like, a like lākou me ka lewa a me ke ʻano. Ua hoʻonoho ʻo Karl Linney i ka ʻohana 1758 i ʻāpana o nā ʻohana Colimbus, ia i ka ʻāpana o ka hui Anseres, ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka pili ʻana o ka wai āpau i ʻike ʻia i kēlā manawa. No ka manawa lōʻihi, hoʻopiʻi nā zoologist i nā kaonaʻo Linear o nā loona. I ka hopena o nā kenekulia 19, ua mahele mua nā laka a me nā mea like ʻole i mau ʻohana ʻelua i manaʻo ʻia e pili pū ana. ʻO Leon Gardner ka mea zoologist mua i 1925 e nīnau i ka pilina ma waena o nā kīlio a me kā grebes. Ua hōʻike ʻia nā haʻawina hou i kēia mau mea like ma waena o kēia mau ʻohana he hopena o ka hoʻololi ʻana e hoʻololi ai.
ʻO nā kelona āpau e noho nei i kēia lā no ka ʻohana o ka lono like ʻole (Gaviidae) a me ka like ʻana o nā pūlani like ʻole.Gavia) ʻEhā mau puʻupuʻu i hōʻike ʻia ma mua, akā, ua hōʻike ʻia nā noiʻi like ʻole ka loona i ka ʻā keokeo, i manaʻo ʻia he subspecies o ka lo-blackro thonated, he mau iwi ʻokoʻa.
Kuhi pū ʻia nā cladogram o ka pilina pili ma waena o nā loina.
Loon Hunt
ʻO ka loea ʻeleʻele ka waiwai i ke kanaka. Hoʻohana ka poʻe o ka ʻĀkau i ka iʻa manu no ka meaʻai, ʻoiai, ʻaʻole paʻakikī ke hopu i ka loona. ʻIke pinepine, ʻūhā nā manu i ka ʻapo lawaiʻa, mai kahi ʻaʻole paʻakikī ke kiʻi iā lākou. I hoʻokahi manawa, mai nā ʻili o nā wahine (ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū a me ka umauma), ua kāʻili pono ʻia nā pāpale kūhili kūlohelohe e nā ʻili kūloko, akā i kēia lā ʻaʻole pono kēia hana. ʻAʻole makemake ka loea ʻeleʻele i ka kokoke kokoke i ka poʻe - ua make ka manu mai ka lepo i waiho ʻia ma hope o nā kānaka, ʻo ka pinepine ka hoʻomaka ʻana ka huli ʻana no ka leʻaleʻa. No laila, ma kekahi mau ʻāina he nui nō hoʻi nā leona o nā lono. I ka hōʻea ʻana mai o nā manu mai nā kai mahana, hālāwai nā poʻe iā lākou, hāʻawi iā lākou i kahi kīʻaha a hoʻonohonoho i nā kūlana o ka hoʻomaha. ʻIke mākou i ke ʻano o ka loon ʻeleʻele. ʻO ka wehewehe haʻahaʻa e wehewehe pono ana i ke ʻano e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke hoʻokaʻawale.
ʻO ka loona ma ka wai
I ka holo ʻana o ka manu, aia ke poʻo hina haʻahaʻa, ke ʻāpana liʻiliʻi o ke kua a me kahi ʻāʻī liʻiliʻi ikaika e ʻike ʻia ma ka ʻihi - he haʻahaʻa loa ka ʻāina o kēia manu. Inā hoʻomaka ka hopohopo manu, e hoʻolalulu i ka hohonu o ka wai, a laila haʻalele wale i ke poʻo a me kahi ʻāpana liʻiliʻi o ke kua ma luna o ka wai o ka wai.
Me ka makaʻu ikaika, pakele ʻo ia ma lalo o ka wai, e kali ana ma laila no kahi manawa, a hala ka pilikia. Kele ka haki ʻeleʻele me ke kahe i loko o ka wai - e like me ka mea i hoʻokuʻu ʻia i ka cork i hoʻokahi minuke, hiki iā ia ke uhi i kahi mamao o 500 mika. Mālama ʻo ia iā ia mai nā kahu hopu he nui i hoʻokuʻi aku i ka manu me ka pāmē a kali ke neʻe mai ma kahi hoʻokahi.
ʻO kahi liʻiliʻi e pili ana i ka puʻupuʻu ʻeleʻele
Eia nō naʻe, ke waiho nei nā mea liʻiliʻi o kēia ʻano me ka liʻiliʻi iho. E maloʻo nā lalau, hoʻopili ʻia nā ʻano lima lima me nā lima kanaka - āpau kēia i ka ʻike ʻana i nā manu e ʻimi no nā wahi hou, a he hopena mau kēia e hōʻike ʻia ai ka loʻo ʻeleʻele. Ke papa aku nei ka Red Book i ka huki ʻana o kēia mau manu, akā ua kaohi i ka poʻe me ka liʻiliʻi. Wahi a nā hōʻike hou loa, ua emi ka nui o nā manu i kekahi mau manawa, ma kekahi mau wahi i nalowale mau ai lākou. I kēia mau manawa, hiki ke loaʻa aneʻi ʻia nā kuʻi ʻeleʻele i loko o ka nahele - hoʻāʻo ka manu e noho i ka wao nahele, i mamao aku i ka maka o ke kanaka, a ʻoi loa ma nā loko ululāʻau nui. No ka laʻana, ma ka ʻāina ʻo Krasnodar, ua hoʻopaʻa inoa ʻia kēia manu - ma ka helu he 500 ia mau kānaka, he helu helu ʻona ia no ka ʻano o ka loona maʻamau.
ʻO ka kumu o ke ʻano a me ka wehewehe
Loon - kahi manu wai ʻākau mai ka wahi o ke kahe. ʻO kēia kekahi o nā hui kahiko a paʻakikī o nā manu i waena o nā manu o kēia mau lā. No ka mauna ʻo Oligocene o ʻAmelika ʻAmelika ka inoa o ka fossil i piha loa, ʻewalu mau ʻano o nā fossile o nā moʻo.
I kēia lā, ʻelima wale nō:
- ʻaukā ʻeleʻele,
- ʻeleʻele paha a i ʻole ʻoniʻoni ka ʻenemi ka maʻamau,
- Hoʻohui ʻulaʻula
- keʻokeʻo-eyed
- keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo.
ʻOkoʻa like nā mea a pau i ka helehelena, ke ʻano o ke ʻano a me ke ʻano. Ma mua, ua ʻike nā zoologists ʻehā wale nō mau mea ola, akā ua ʻike ʻia nā noiʻi ʻepekema he ʻano kīnē ka keokeo keʻokeʻo.
Wikiō: Loon
No ka manawa lōʻihi, ua manaʻo ʻia nā loea pili o nā manu like ʻole ma muli o ka like o ko lākou helehelena a me ke ʻano o ke ʻano, akā ua ʻae like ʻo Zoologists i nā ʻano like me nā manu like.
Ma ka morphology a me ka ekology, ʻaʻohe like i kēia mau kauoha ʻelua. Ma kahi hoʻolālā e pili ana a me ka morphologically, kokoke nā lono i ka tubular, like penguin.
ʻIke maoli nō: He paʻakikī a paʻa nā iwi o ka iwi o ka loona, ʻaʻole hoka, e like me nā ʻano manu ʻē aʻe. Ma muli o kēia, ua hoʻokaho pono ʻia lākou i ke ola ma ka ʻona ʻana, kahi e hiamoe ai ka hiamoe.
Nā hiʻohiʻona a me nā hiʻohiʻona
Kuhi: ʻO ke ʻano o ka loona
ʻO ka loona me ke kino kino a me ka nui e like me ka pā nui a i ʻole ka moʻo, hele kekahi mau kanaka i nā nui nui a loaʻa nā paona ma mua o 6 kilokilo. He ʻano lāʻau kaona loona, ʻokoʻa ʻole i nā wai wai he nui i ka nani o ke kala o kā lākou plumage.
ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona, ʻaʻoleʻokoʻa nā kāne o nā wahine:
- he keʻokeʻo ka ʻōpū, a he ʻeleʻele a hina paha ke kino o luna ma luna o nā ʻāpana he nui nā keʻokeʻo,
- ua hoʻonani ʻia ke poʻo a me ka ʻāʻī e like me kahi hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona no kēlā me kēia ʻano.
I ka poʻe ʻōpio a me ka pākeke o nā loilo i ka wā hoʻoilo, he hala ʻole ke ʻano a he monotonous ke ʻano o ka plumage. ʻO nā mea nani loa i waena o nā kaona nāʻuʻuku liʻiliʻi ulaula. ʻO ka lei ʻōniʻoni poni i kona ʻāʻī he like loa ia me kahi kaula a ʻo ia ka hiʻohiʻona ʻike koʻikoʻi.
He mau ʻēheu liʻiliʻi nā loona i ke kino. I ka lele ʻana, "mokiki" lākou i waho, me ka hōʻiliʻili nui i ko lākou ʻāʻī, a lele hoʻi i ko lākou mau wāwae, e like me ka lālani. Wahi a ka nānā "stooped" hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i ka holo ʻana mai nā ducks maʻamau a i ʻole geese ma ka lele.
ʻO nā manamana lima ʻekolu i nā wāwae o nā pūlima e hoʻopili ʻia e kahi membrane, no laila ua maikaʻi lākou i ka wai a ʻike ʻole ʻia i ka ʻāina. A māluhilohi a nani ka hulu i nā manu. Hoʻopili ka pala, ka plumage mānoanoa i ka momona mai ka hypothermia.
Wahi e noho ai ka loona?
Kiʻi ʻO: Loon Bird
E makemake ana nā Loon e like me nā wai anuanu o ke kai ʻākau a me nā loko. ʻO nā hana maʻamau: ʻEulopa, Asia a me ʻAmelika Hema a pau. Aia nā lōkō i nā tundra, nā mauna, nā ululāʻau, e pili ana i ke kahe ʻana o kahi puʻu kokoke kokoke, i ka wā e pau ai lākou i ko lākou ola āpau kokoke i ka wai. Hele mai kekahi poʻe i ka ʻāina wale nō i ka wā hana a no ka hoʻouna ʻana i nā hua.
Ke waiho ka wai aniani, lele nā manu i nā ʻāpana i nā loko i hoʻopaʻa ʻole ʻia. Na ka hooilo i ka hooilo ma ka Black, Baltic a i White Bas, o nā kahakai o ka Pākīpika, ʻo ka Moana ʻAmelika. He ʻano maʻamau ka noho ʻana o ka puka i ka neʻe ʻana, i ka wā e ʻokoʻa ai ke ala i ka hoʻoilo mai ke ala hele i ka hoʻoilo, ʻo ia kekahi o nā ʻano manu wale nō.
Noho ka ʻōpio opio i loko o nā wai mahana i ko lākou kiʻi mua loa, ma kekahi manawa a hiki lākou i ka wā ʻōpiopio. I ka pūnāwai, e hōʻea mau ana nā laka, i ka wā e nui ai ka wai maʻemaʻe.
ʻIke maoli nō: Hoʻohana ka poʻe maoli o ka Far North i ka ʻona i loko o nā lehulehu lehulehu i mau ʻano manuahi manu e hoʻohana i kā lākou ʻai no ka meaʻai. Eia nō hoʻi, aia kekahi iʻa lawaiʻa kūikawā o nā loina no ka "manu hānai", a i ʻole "loiloi o ke ʻāhi", akā, no ka loli ʻana i ke ʻano o ke ʻano a me ka hina hāʻule, i kēia lā ʻaʻole ia i lawe ʻia.
He aha nā mea e ʻai ai ka loona?
Kiʻi ʻohi: Black Loon
ʻO nā iʻa liʻiliʻi e noho ana ma kahi hohonu o ke kai a me nā loko e hana ai ka meaʻai maʻamau. I ka lawaiʻa ʻana, e kau mua ana ka manu i kona poʻo i ka wai, ke ʻimi nei i ka wa i lalo ma lalo, a laila hoʻomālohelohe ʻia. I ka holoʻana o ka hopu, hiki i nā loina ke kuʻewaʻo i kahi mau ʻumi mau mika a hoʻopaʻa i ko lākou hanu no 90 mau kekona.
I ka neʻe o ka neʻe i ka pahu wai, ua hoʻohana ʻia nā wāwae ʻokoʻa ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka pūnaewele, e neʻe mau ana i hope. Kuhi loa paha i ka wā e holo ai ke kuʻi ʻana, nā pāheu e mālama pono ai, a paʻa pinepine lākou i ka waiho ʻia ma hope o ka mālama ʻana i ka hulu o nā ʻeke kuʻekuʻe o nā kua, nā ʻēheu a me nā ʻāpana elongated. ʻO kahi pale hou e pale aku ai i ka maloʻo o ka momona o ka puʻu glandular supra-caudal, kahi me nā puka e hoʻomoʻa nei i kā lākou plumage.
Inā ʻaʻole lawa nā iʻa, a laila e ʻai nā loona i ka mea āpau, e waiwai ana i nā wai o nā kai a me nā loko: nā mollusks, nā kōpake, nā iniseti like ʻole. ʻAʻole ʻoluʻolu nā manu i ka algae. ʻO kekahi manawa, ʻike kai hohonu i ka iʻa, hāʻule lākou i loko o ka ʻupena lawaiʻa.
ʻIke maoli nō: ʻO Loon me nā penguins he mau poʻokela maoli i ka hohonu o ka diving. Aia nā hihia i kēia mau manu i hopu ʻia e ka lawaiʻa ma kahi hohonu o 70 mika.
Hoike ʻike
ʻO nā leo kūmākena a me ke kaniʻuhū ʻeha o nā kūmole. I ke kauwela, hoʻolaha pinepine lākou i nā loko i nā ʻākau o Eurasia a me ʻAmelika ʻAmelika Hūkole, kahi e pili ai kēia mau manu. Ma ka papa, e neʻe ka mea me nā pilikia nui, no ka mea ua hoʻihoʻi ʻia ko lākou mau wāwae, ʻoiai ʻaʻole ia e like me nā penguins. Aia nā wāwae i nā membranes e pā ana i nā manamana lima ʻehā.
Hele nā kani i ka ʻāina wale no ka hoʻoulu ʻana, a laila ʻimi lākou e kūkulu i kahi pūnana kokoke i ka wai ponoʻī. Loaʻa nā mākua ʻelua i ka incubation masonry a me ka hānai ʻana o nā moa. Haalele ʻo Chicks i kā lākou ʻuʻuku koke ma hope o ka hatch. E holo maikaʻi nā pēpē, a hele i ka lā hoʻomaha ma hope o nā mākua. ʻAi ʻia lākou i ka iʻa maʻamau, nā iʻa, nā mea ʻala, nā mea hoʻowalewai ʻole.
Hōʻailona
Hāʻawi ʻia nā lono āpau i ka mahele loa, inā i ka wā hoʻokipa a me ka pō. Akā kā lākou "hīmeni ʻana", i kekahi manawa kuli, ʻaʻole i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia e ka launa ʻana. E hoʻonaninani nui ana ka leo i nā wahi me ka moʻo e kūleʻa ana, nā puʻu a me ka haʻalulu, a laila hoʻomaka pū me ka ʻakaʻaka manic ua kūpono i ka ʻōlelo ʻo "ʻano like me he loon."
ʻO ke kūleʻa polar i ke kūlana hakakā ke hoʻomākaukau nei e hoʻonāukiuki i kahi hoʻokūkū kokoke.
ʻO nā kani lāʻau ʻulaʻula i luna o nā loko i loko o nā ʻāpana tundra. Maʻa ikaika nā iwi loona ma loko, e kōkua ana i ka lanakila ʻana i ka wai o ka wai a maʻalahi ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana. Haʻalele maikaʻi lākou a hānai nui i ka iʻa.
ʻO nā mea ʻolua mau loa
ʻOiai ke mālama nei ke mālama i nā hāmeʻa i loko o nā hipa liʻiliʻi, 10-15 kanaka, i ka pilikia o ka pōpilikia, ke hana nei lākou ma ke kumu o "kēlā me ia." Ke holo ʻana ma luna o ka wai, e kiola ʻia, a "pālahalaha" i nā ʻaoʻao like ʻole. Akā inā pōkole ka nalo, hui pū ka mea "kamaʻilio" kai a hui pū i kahi e holo ai.
He manu ʻōiwi ka manu manu loilo i ka manu ʻānō e pīhoihoi ke aʻo. ʻO ke kala nani, kahi leo nui "repertoire", a me kona hoʻomaʻemaʻe weliweli he hoihoi.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o ke ʻano a me nā ʻano hana
ʻO ka like-Loon ke ʻano he kai seʻe, a lele i nā kai wai i ka wā o ka hana ʻana a i ʻole ka hoʻomaha ʻana i ka wā o ka neʻe ʻana. Hoʻohālike ʻia nā manu ma ke ʻano he mau ma ke koho o kahi e noho ai a me ka hoʻoilo. ʻAi lākou ke hoʻopau i ko lākou ola ma luna o ka wai, e hele ana no ka ʻāina no ka hana ʻana.
Kūkulu ka poʻeʻelemakule i ka hoʻoilo ma mua o ka haʻalele - a laila loli ke ʻano o ka plumage maʻamau i kahi kala ʻokoʻa. I ka hoʻoilo, hoʻoheheʻe koke nā hulu i ka manawa, a ʻaʻole hiki i nā puka ke piʻi i loko o ka ea no 1-1.5 mau mahina. ʻO ʻApelila wale nō, loaʻa ka manu i ka plumage kauwela.
Holo lākou i ka wikiwiki, pinepine e hoʻopiʻi i ko lākou mau ʻēheu, maneuvering liʻiliʻi. Lawe i wale mai ke alo o ka wai, ke lōʻihi e holo kū ana i ka makani. Noho mau lākou ma ko lākou ʻōpū i loko o ka wai, ke hāpai nei ʻoi i ko lākou mau ʻēheu i luna, a hoʻi ko lākou mau wāwae. Ma muli o ke ʻano kikoʻī a me kahi o nā wāwae, ʻokoʻa loa nā manu ma ka ʻāina. Noho ka haʻona ma ka wai; i ka pōʻino, ʻaʻole pinepine ka lawe ʻole ʻia, akā hoʻōli.
I loko o kahi puʻu lele e lele ai i ʻole he nui o ka mea nui, no laila mai ka ʻaoʻao ka mea pohihihi paha ka lele. Kahi ʻohana kahuhulu ʻia nā pūʻulu liʻiliʻi o nā manu, ma waena o ka mamao e hiki ai ke hele i nā ʻāpana haneli.
He mau manu a ʻoluʻolu loa kēia e hoʻāʻo e noho mamao aku i nā kānaka, no laila he paʻakikī ke hoʻohuli iā lākou i loko o ka hale, eia nō naʻe he ʻano like ʻole nā leo o nā loina, hiki iā lākou ke hoʻohālikelike i nā uwē o nā manu a me nā holoholona.
ʻO kekahi o nā leo āu e hana ai e like like me ke leo o kahi kanaka, no ka laʻana:
- i ke koho ʻana i ko lākou ʻāina a i ka wā e nīnū ai, e like me ka uwē nui ʻana o kā lākou uwē ʻana.
- inā he pōpilikia, hana lākou i nā kani luhi koʻikoʻi e hoʻomanaʻo i ka ʻakaʻaka kanaka.
ʻIke maoli nō: He mau moʻolelo o nā kānaka ʻākau i nā hui o nā ʻīlio, e walaʻau ana i ko lākou holo ʻana, me nā ʻuhane o nā luina a make.
ʻO ka hoʻolālā ʻenehana a me ka hana hou
Kiʻi: Loon Chick
He monogamous nā loone a me nā ʻaina pili i ke ola. Hiki iā lākou ke hānai i nā makahiki he ʻekolu wale nō; Pahu like ka loon Loon i loko o nā pūwaio me ka wai hou. Kūkulu ʻia nā ʻaʻa mai ka mauʻu, wili nā mea kanu kokoke i ke kapakai. Mai kēlā me kēia mea āpau, 2-3 mau lua ka alakaʻi i ka wai, me ke kōkua o ke kahe a nā loina e ʻike ai i ko lākou pilikino ma ke kekona. ʻAno aneane piha nā ʻuʻuku e like me ka lepa ma ka lalo o lākou e hana ʻia e nā manu.
ʻO ka pāʻani ʻana i nā pāʻani o nā lono he mea nani ia. ʻO nā ʻōlima me nā ʻūlū ʻōlū ke alualu ʻana i kēlā me kēia, ka wikiwiki i ka ʻōwili ʻana i ka wai me ka kiko ʻana i ko lākou ʻāʻī. Loko ma ka wai. Me ke kaohi ʻana a hiki i kekahi mau lā, e waiho ka wahine mai kekahi a i ʻekolu mau ʻāpana ʻokaʻeleʻele. Hoʻopili nui ʻia nā hua no 25-30 mau lā e kēlā me kēia kanaka, akā ʻoi aku ka pinepine o ka wahine.
Mai nā manu a me nā mea luku liʻiliʻi, hiki iā ia ke pale i nā masonry. Inā hele kokoke ke kanaka nui a i ʻole kahi e pili ana i ka pili, a laila hoʻokū ʻo ka manu i ka ʻūhā a laila, me ka keʻa ʻana i kona ʻāʻī, lele koke i ka wai.
Ke kū nei ma kahi mamao, lele kuʻi aku ka loon me ka manaʻo ʻole ma ke kahakai, ʻaʻole i hana i nā leo. Inā hoʻokaʻa ʻia ka masonry, a laila hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā manu predator mai ka pūnana me nā hua i nā ala a pau loa: ka make, ke kani ʻana, hoʻomā nui, ʻakaʻaka, lele nā ʻēheu. Hoʻokomo ka wā'ōpiopio i ka hina hina hina. Ua kokoke koke nā poʻe kuʻi e ʻauʻau a hoʻoilo, akā no nā lā mua o ka lā ma ka hūnā ma ka mauʻu. E lilo lākou i kūʻokoʻa kūʻokoʻa wale nō ma hope o 6-7 mau pule, a ma mua o kēia manawa mea hānai nā mākua iā lākou me nā iʻa liʻiliʻi a me nā invertebrates.
ʻO nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe o ka loon
Whakaahua: Loona wai
Ma ke kaina kūlohelohe, he liʻiliʻi nā ʻenemi, no ka mea akaʻala loa ia, a me ka pōʻino liʻiliʻi, ke iho nei i lalo o ka wai a i ʻole ai nā mea hoʻoweliweli a hoʻomaka pū ʻana me ka leo nui. ʻO kekahi mau ʻano o ke kaukō, ma ke ʻano ʻē, mai hoʻāʻo i ka puʻu i loko o ka wai, akā e lele aʻe.
Inā hiki i ka manu ke kāne make ke pale aku iā lākou iho a, i ʻole, e holo i ka manawa, a laila luku ʻia kā lākou masonry e nā ʻōpala, nā ʻalopala arctic, skuas. Hiki i nā holoholona ʻōpio ke lilo i waiwai pio no ka mālama ʻana i ko lākou mau mākua.
ʻAʻole ke kanaka ka ʻenemi o nā waiwai. ʻAʻole ʻokoʻa nā ʻiʻo o kēia mau manu iʻa no nā ʻono kūikawā a hoʻohana wale ʻia ka wīwī a hoʻohana wale ʻia e nā lāhui o ka Far North.
ʻO ka weliweli nui i nā loiloi ka hana a ke kanaka ponoʻī. ʻO ka luku ʻana i nā aʻa mai ka loko o ka moana e hoʻopau i nā mea hou aku ma mua o nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe.
ʻO kēia mau manu, i hoʻokaʻawale i nā kūlana kūlohelohe nui, hiki ke noho wale i ka wai maʻemaʻe, a mahalo nui i nā ʻano mea kanu. Inā ʻaʻole e loaʻa i kahi ʻona nā wai i ka wai me ka wai maʻemaʻe no ka waiho ʻana i nā hua, a laila ma ka hapalua o nā hihia ʻaʻole lākou e waiho. I ka wā e hoʻopili ai nā manu i ka hua, he make nui o ka nui o nā holoholona ʻōpio.
Ke ʻano o ka noho ʻana a me nā ʻano
Kuhi: ʻO ke ʻano o ka loona
He haʻahaʻa loa ia ka nui o ka piha o nā loina. Eia kekahi, make lākou no ka ʻenemi kūlana kūlohelohe, hina pinepine lākou i loko o nā ʻoihana lawaiʻa o ka lawaiʻa, a i kekahi manawa lilo i pio ponoʻī o ka poʻe lawaiʻa, e hoʻokauwī pinepine iā lākou me nā manu ʻē aʻe pāʻani.
ʻO ka mea nui e hopohopo nei ʻo ka lehulehu o ka ʻāʻī o ka'ā'ī a me nā loona keʻokeʻo-keʻokeʻo. No ka laʻana, ma ʻEulopa he 400 wale nō mau peke ʻeleʻele o ka ʻeleʻele, ma ke Kai ʻEleʻele - ʻaʻole iʻoi aku ma mua o ʻelima mau kānaka.
Aia kēia mau ʻano ʻelua ma ka Red Book o Lūkia a loaʻa iā lākou kahi kūlana o nā ʻano ʻōlelo ʻoweliweli. Hoʻokomo ʻia ka Red-throated i loko o ka puke palekana o kekahi o nā ʻāina. Ua paʻa ke kūlana o nā ʻano loʻi ʻē aʻe.
ʻIke maoli nō: No mau makahiki he nui, he hana leʻoniʻoni loon i mālama ʻia i kēlā me kēia makahiki ma kekahi o nā kūlanakauhale ʻo Nevada ma USA kahi i kapakai o kahi loko kuahiwi me ka wai paʻakai. Ua ʻike ka poʻe i nā pua o nā manu i hoʻopau i kahi wai e hana ai a loaʻa ka ikaika i ka wā hele. Ma hope o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka loko e ʻuw a a me nā kiko o ka paʻakai a me nā mea olinino i loko o kona wai, ua pau ka ʻahaʻaina. Kuʻi wale ʻia nā lono ma laila, e lele ana iā ia.
ʻAʻole e hoʻopili ʻia nā loina me nā kānaka. I nā kūlana kūlohelohe, aneane hiki ʻole ke hoʻoulu iā lākou, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hua, no laila, ʻaʻohe pāmu hoʻokahi kahi i mālama ʻia ai kēia mau manu mālama.
He kiaʻi kiaʻi
Kuhi: Loona mai ka Puke ʻaha
No ka mālama ʻana i ka heluna o nā kīkona a pau, ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻopili i loko o ko lākou wahi maʻamau. ʻO nā hoʻoweliweli koʻikoʻi i ka honua ka polū o ka wai o nā kai a me nā wai moana, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka ʻaila wai i ka hana o ka ʻimi ʻike. ʻO ka emi ʻana o ka nui o ka iʻa pelagic e alakaʻi ana i ka hōʻemi i ka helu o nā kau.
Mālama ʻia nā kīkona i nā mālama kūlohelohe a me nā ahulau o nā ʻāina ʻEulopa, kekahi mau wahi o Rūsia. Ke hana ʻia nei ka hana i nā wahi i mālama ʻia i nā wahi nui o nā pūlima nui, me ka pāpā ʻia ʻana o ka lawehala kō ma kahi o kēia mau wahi. ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻupena i nā wahi e hānai ai nā manu a me ka pūnana.
ʻO ka hopohopo hopena ka hopena ma ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka heluna kanaka. Me ka huakaʻi huhū ʻana i nā kahakai o nā wai a nā lawaiʻa a me nā lawaiʻa e hoʻopaʻa ʻia ana nā liona e waiho i kā lākou ʻuʻuku, a laila hoʻohewa ʻia ka hua i ka make. He mau manu mālama maikaʻi loa kēia, no laila ʻaʻole maʻamau lākou e hoʻi i ka masonry. Ma nā loko i ʻike ʻia i nā loko lawaiʻa, kū pinepine nā loʻe e lele.
Ma Lūkini, ua hoʻoweliweli ʻia nā laha e ka hoʻololi o nā kaila i nā ʻoka o nā wahi ma muli o ke kaohi ʻana o ka pit a me ka make o nā ʻōpio, nā ʻōpiopio o nā ʻōpio i nā ʻūlau lawaiʻa.
LoonsKe lilo nei i manu manuahi sinu, ua ola ia i ko mākou mau wā, a he kupaianaha kēia! Hiki iā ia ke palekana palekana i ka ʻohe ola maoli. No laila ʻaʻole pono kēia mau ʻano i lilo i mea no ka wā ma mua, pono ke nānā hou a me ka nui o nā loina a me kā lākou mea e pono ai ka hānau ʻana.