Somic otocinclus - he loko wai loko liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi me ka lōʻihi loa o 5,5 cm.ʻona wahi noho ma Central a me ʻAmelika ʻĀina, ai ʻAmelika, Peru, Kolombia, Brazil, ʻo ka Orinoco basin a me ka Amazon kiʻekiʻe. E makemake ʻo Ototsinklusy i nā kahe me kahi kahe lō, a kahi lākou e noho nei i nā kula nui, i kekahi manawa he nui nā tausani o nā kānaka.

ʻO ke kino o ka otocinclus he ʻano o ka spindle, ka ʻano o ka nui o nā iʻa a me ka leka uila, nona ka ʻohana. Ua kapa ʻia lākou i ka iʻa loricaria, i ka manawa o ka Emepera Roma ua kāhea ʻia ka lei legionnaire i kapa ʻia ʻo "loric-ka". ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ua uhi ʻia ka iʻa o kēia ʻohana me nā ʻāpana o ka pale.

I ke kiʻi, ua ʻokiʻoki otocinclus zebra

ʻAʻohe ʻokoʻa o Ototsinklus - ʻoluʻolu me kona mau ʻaoʻao i ka mālama ʻia e nā lālani hina-ʻeleʻele, nā ʻeleʻele hoʻi i uhi ʻia me ka iwi iwi, ʻo ka wahi nāwaliwali wale nō ma ke kino o kona ʻōpū-hina hina, ʻeleʻele nā ​​pōpoki, aneane ʻokoʻa loa. Ma ka ʻaoʻao ma ka ʻaoʻao o ke kino holoʻokoʻa, ʻike maoli ʻia kekahi laina ʻeleʻele, e huli ana i kahi wahi i ke kumu o ka huelo. Hiki ke ʻano ka like me ka nui o nā wahi i nā ʻano me nā ʻano ʻano.

ʻO kekahi ʻano hiʻohiʻona o kēia mau iʻa, ʻo ka hanu o ka ʻōpū. No ka hana, loaʻa ka wai lewa i loko o ke kino o ka otocyclus, ʻoiai, inā pono, e hoʻolalelale i ka esophagus, e kōkua ana i ka iʻa i ka puka koke i ka papa ma hope o kahi hanu o ka ea. Inā lele pinepine ka iʻa, hiki i ka manawa e kani ai i ka kani, no ka mea ma kēia ala e hanu wale nō inā ʻaʻole lawa ka hanu a ke ʻano o ka wai i ka oxygen.

Ototsinklus - ʻoi aku ma mua o nā iʻa maʻalahi. I ka wā e ala ai, keʻai ʻole ʻo ia e ʻai i ka algae liʻiliʻi, me ka ʻike ʻana i nā kānaka ʻē aʻe o ke kaakui, inā ʻaʻole lākou i kipi. Noho kēlā mau kānaka luhi i loko o nā ululāʻau o nā mea kanu, ma nā pōhaku a i ʻole ma nā paia o ke kaakui, kāʻei ʻaki i ka nui kīlea me ko lākou waha haki. Heʻuʻuku nā niho o ka otocinclus ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke hōʻino i ka hua a me nā lau, no laila palekana lākou no nā mea ola.

ʻO ka mālama Ototsinklus a me ka hoʻohālikelike

1. Pono ka nui o nā puna aku ka liʻiliʻi o 60 lita, me ka nui o nā mea kanu, snags a me nā pōhaku. E ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kaila wai haʻahaʻa me kahi ʻaoʻao ākea loa, no ka mea, i ka holoholona hihiu, makemake ka loko iʻa i ka wai pāpū a ʻaʻole hoʻi e kau hohonu ma mua o 0,5 m.

2. Pono ke aupuni kūleʻa no ka noho kūpono o kēlā mau iʻa me ka loli ʻole, me ka loli ʻole. Hoʻolaha ka wai no ko lākou mālama pono ʻana - 22-27 ° C. ʻAʻole hiki i ka hapa nui o nā iʻa iʻa ka ʻānai i nā mahana ma luna o 30 ° C. ʻO ka pono e hiki ke noho.

3. Ke kūlohelohe nei, noho nā iʻa otocinclus i loko o nā ʻohana he nui, pono nō hoʻi e hoʻokau ʻia kekahi mau kānaka i loko o ka hale kia i ka manawa hoʻokahi, ʻoiai ka nui o lākou e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke mālama i nā lā ono, a me ka mea liʻiliʻi.

4. Hoʻokomo ʻia ka iʻa iʻa i ka wai maʻemaʻe. I loko o ka hale kai i kahi e noho ai ka otocyclus, pono ia e hoʻololi i ka wai i kēlā me kēia pule e ka liʻiliʻi o kahi hapaha o ka nui o ka nui.

E like me ka mea i hōʻike mua ʻia, he maluhia kēia ʻano, no laila ua pili ka otocinclus i nā iʻa ʻē aʻe. Mai mālama iā lākou pū me nā kānaka nui o ka hale ʻaukui, no ka mea me ka cichlids, no ka mea, ʻoi aku ka poʻe aloha i ka hoʻouka ʻana i ka pā liʻiliʻi.

Eia nō naʻe, aia i lalo ka mea kālā: ua ʻike nā aquarist i ke ʻano o ka otocinclus e hoʻopaʻa i ka discus a scalar i mea e ʻai ai i kā lākou integumentary mucus. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole hauʻoli nā scalars e pili ana i kēia, no laila ke ākea nui kā lākou kokoke.

Wahi a nā hōʻike i kēia manawa, he 18 mau ʻāʻī like ʻole. Loaʻa nā koho āpau o kēia ʻano i ke kala like a me ke kāʻei hope, hiki ke hoʻomau ʻia, waena, palahalaha, pālahalaha, akā ma kahi o ke ʻano he kūʻokoʻa. Aia nō hoʻi kahi wahi pōkole ma ka huelo i nā otocincluses āpau; hiki i kona ʻaoʻao ke puni, W-ʻano a like ʻole me kahi triangle.

Ototsinklus affinis, a i ole otocinclus maʻamau i loaʻa ma nā mea kanu i nā manawa pinepine ma mua o nā mea'ē aʻe. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka iʻa he 3-4 cm wale paha, he melemele-kala ke kala, ka hōʻailona i nā ʻaoʻao me ke kaula ʻulaʻula, ʻo ke kua ka hina-beige i ke kala me nā ʻāpana brown a me nā kukui kinipōpō māmā. Hāʻawi i nā palahaliki hāpala i kahi ʻōmaʻomaʻo iki.

Somic otocinclus affinis

Ototsinclus Arnoldi - mai ka muliwai ma La Plata (Brazil). ʻIke like ʻia kēia ʻano ʻano me he otocinclius maʻamau, akā ua ʻōlelo ʻia nā wahi brown-brown i ke kua i Arnoldi. Ma kekahi kiʻi, otocinclus hiki ke hilahila ʻelua o kēia mau ʻano.

Kuhiʻe ʻia ʻo Ototsinklus Hele mai ʻo ia iā mākou mai ka lā ma ke komohana o Brazil, ma kona wahi e ʻike ai i nā ʻōpio āpau. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia ke kino o kēia ʻano i nā kala hina-ʻōmaʻomaʻo, aia nā ʻōmaʻomaʻo me nā kala he hina-ʻāpana. Hōʻike nui nā wahi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi ma ka lōʻihi o ka iʻa i kona inoa. Aia kekahi kiʻi lateral i kēia manawa - he lohi ia ma kahi o ka otocinclus speckled.

Mea kahikiliki otocinclus

Buy otocinclus hiki paha ia ma ke kuai, a ma kekahi hale kuai paha. Ma muli o nā pono i lawe mai ai lākou, ke ulu nei ka noi no kēia mau iʻa inconspicuous e ulu i kēlā me kēia makahiki i kēlā me kēia makahiki. Kumukuhua Otocyclus aia ma kahi o 200-300 rubles.

Mea ʻai

E hana mau nei me kāna kīʻaha waha waha, ua ʻohi ʻo otocinclus i ka microalgae a me ka zooplankton mai ka ʻili. Ma kahi papa wai hoʻokoe hou loa, hiki iā ia ke ailima, no ka mea, ʻaʻole i lawa kāna meaʻai kūlohelohe. Pono ka pōʻai ʻai algae eater e hānai ʻia me ka mea kanu ʻai kūikawā. ʻAʻole ʻo ia e hōʻole i ka zucchini kohu ʻia me ka wai kohua, kōʻai, kukama. I ka manawa hoʻolimalima, pono e hoʻohui ʻia kahi meaʻai me nā protein i ka ʻai.

ʻO ka pilina a me ka lōʻihi

ʻAʻole paʻakikī ke ʻano o ka wahine o ka otocinclus - nā wahine, ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, ʻoi aku ka mānoanoa. I loko o ka lāʻau, ua ulu a maikaʻi loa kēia mau ʻīlio no ka mea kanu ʻole ʻia no nā ʻano kūikawā no kā lākou pua. ʻO kahi hoʻoulu maikaʻi e hoʻomaka i ka spawning ʻo ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka wai i ka wai hou.

Hāʻawi ʻia ka manawa hoʻohaninani e nā pāʻani moeʻuhane a me nā pāʻani i waena o nā kāne. No ka hakakā maikaʻi, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka kanu ʻana i kahi ʻohana holoʻokoʻa o ka otocincluses, a laila e māhele ʻia lākou i mau pālua.

A pau ke koho ʻana, hoʻokuʻi ka wahine i kona poʻo i ka ʻōpū o ke kāne, hana ʻia i ka leka "T", hoʻoulu ʻia kēia i ka hana o ka waiū. Hoʻopili i nā hua i kanu ʻia i kahi wahi i hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia i ka wā ma mua, kahi e kāwili ai i ka lā 2-7 mau lā. Loaʻa nā masonry o 100-150 mau hua liʻiliʻi translucent.

ʻO 2-3 mau lā ma hope o ka make ʻana, i hana ʻia me ka pīhoihoi piha, pono e mālama ʻia i kahi haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa (ma lalo o 20 cm), a hānai ʻia me ka huaʻai, huaʻai, huaʻai, a me ka spirulina. ʻO ka piʻo e lilo i moe kolohe i 7 mau makahiki o ke ʻano, me nā ʻikepili pololei i ka pio, ola ʻo catfish otocinclus no 5-6 mau makahiki.

ʻO keʻano

ʻO ke kino o ka iʻa i kikoo ʻia mai ke poʻo a i ka huelo, i uhi ʻia me ka pūleʻa, i kahi ākea e pale ai mai nā ʻenemi. Hoʻopili ka ʻikena i ka kua a me nā ʻaoʻao, waiho ana ka ʻōpū ʻole ʻole i ka pale. ʻO nā hiʻona kino - a hiki i 5 cm. Hoʻolālā ʻia ka waha i kahi ala kūpono e hōʻiliʻili ai i nā algae, me ka ʻole o ka hōʻino ʻana i nā mea kanu. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka waha momona-like e kōkua i ka iʻa e mālama i ka kahe i loko o kā lākou wahi kūlohelohe. ʻAi ʻia a me nā puʻu liʻiliʻi, lateral kokoke i loko o ka ʻōpū.

Nā Manuia

ʻO ka wehewehe ʻana o nā ʻano o otocyncluses ʻokoʻa loa i nā kala. ʻO ka nui a me keʻano o ke kino a me nā ʻōpū e like like me ia. ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona maʻamau o nā iʻa a pau he kapa ʻeleʻele ma ke kino o nā ʻaoʻao. Ma kekahi mau ʻano ua ʻoluʻolu loa, i kekahi mau mea ʻike ʻia.

• otocinclus affinis, kahi kai algae maʻamau, ʻo ia ka iʻa maʻamau o ka iʻu o kēia moʻomeheu. He wahi ʻaliha ia me kahi hue gula, ʻeleʻele hoʻi i ke kua a he kukui hoʻi i ka ʻōpū. Wahi paʻa i nā wahi polū i loko o ke kino.

• kahikina ʻʻo ia e hana i kahi ʻoniʻoni a hina kahi ʻōmaʻomaʻo. ʻO ke keʻokeʻo nā wahi poʻomanaʻo e pālahalaha ana i ka ʻōpū o ke kino, ʻaʻole ka ʻōpū, ʻo ia ke gula a me ka maʻemaʻe.

• otocinclus negros - hoʻokaʻawale ʻia e kahi ʻeleʻele maikaʻi, kokoke i ke kala ʻeleʻele me nā wahi gula ʻeleʻele liʻiliʻi a i ʻole nā ​​pue. ʻAno keokeo ke ʻōpū.

• otocinclus arnoldi - maʻalahi ia e hoʻohilahila iā ia me ka mea eʻai algae maʻamau, ʻo ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana nā wahi a ʻoi loa nā wahi a me nā pihi, ʻoi loa ma ka kua.

• otocinclus vittatus, broadband otocinclus - ʻo ke kala nui he ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele me kahi hina hina, ʻoi aku ke kaula ma nā ʻaoʻao a ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o nā ʻano ʻē aʻe. ʻIke ʻia nā wahi ʻeleʻele ma hope o ke kua, he ʻokoʻa ka ʻōpū, hoʻomaka ka waihoʻoluʻu ʻana ma hope o ke kī ʻeleʻele.

ʻO kēia mau lāʻau liʻiliʻi he nui no nā mea liʻiliʻi a me nā mea liʻiliʻi, ʻo nā mea hoʻomaka a me nā mea akamai e loaʻa iā lākou. Ototsinklusy - kahi ʻano hoʻohana pono ʻole i kekahi aquarium. ʻO ke kānāwai nui i ka mālama a mālama pono e mālama nei i nā ʻōnaehana wai maʻamau: ʻo ka paakiki, ka acidity, ka mahana a me ka nui o ka oxygen. Ehia mau otocincluses e noho ana i ka loko aku i ka wai ola a me ka paʻa o ka waihona kō. ʻO ka makahiki maʻamau ka 4-5 makahiki. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa loa kēia mau hoʻomaʻemaʻe i nā loli i kekahi o nā ʻōnaehana wai.

• ʻO ka loko aku o ka pahu aku - hiki ke kau ʻia i nā loko iʻa me 6-7 i loko o ka hale hau me ka nui o 50 l. Ua lawa kēia no ka nohona ʻoluʻolu o otocinclus. ʻOi aku ka nui o ka nui, ka ʻoluʻolu ʻē aʻe i ka iʻa, a ʻoi aku hoʻi i hiki ke hoʻoponopono ʻia. Inā hāʻule ka koho i ka marocinclus maria, aia i ka wā ʻelemakule ka nui a hiki i 2,5 cm, a laila hiki ke hoʻonā ʻia kēia mau pēpē ma ka nui o 10 lita no ka iʻa.
• Huhu 22-25 ° C.
• ʻAiʻeha 2-15 °.
• Kaulana 5-7.5.
• E makemake ana ʻo Ototsinklusy i ka wai maʻemaʻe me kahi kahawai ikaika a me ke koʻo. No laila, ʻo ka nānāʻana o kahi kānana e hana ai i ka kahe a me kahi mea hoʻopihapiha e hoʻopihapiha i ka wai me ka oxygen he mea makemake nui ia. He ʻano kūʻokoʻa kēia mau iʻa i ke ʻano o ka ʻōpū o ka peʻaleʻa: inā he catastrophically liʻiliʻi o ka oxygen, hoʻomaka lākou e kaʻe a hopu i kahi nū o ka lewa mai ka maka. ʻO kahi kahi "ʻano wikiwiki" kēia, ʻaʻole pono ia ke lawe mai i kēia: ʻo ke ola o ke ola a me ke kū'ē ʻana i ka maʻi me ka lōʻihi o ka hina o ka oxygen he hāʻule nui.
• ʻO ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i ka lepo me ka siphon a hoʻololi i ka wai i kahi hapa o ka nui - ka hoʻokahi i ʻelua a ʻekolu mau hebedoma (i loko o nā hale liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi, i loko o nā hale kanu nui ke lilo lākou i maʻemaʻe, akā ma ka liʻiliʻi hoʻokahi hoʻokahi mahina).
• ʻAi ole ka ʻili iā i nā mea kanu akuʻa. No laila, kūpono nā otocincluses no ka mālama ʻana i nā mea kanu me nā mea ola: ʻaʻole ʻai lākou, mai haha, akā e hōʻiliʻili wale i ka pli mai nā lau.
• ʻAʻohe mau makemake i kēia mau iʻa no ka lepo a me ka hoʻonaninani. ʻIke maikaʻi ka lepo keʻokeʻo, hōʻike ʻo ia i ka iʻa maikaʻi. Akā ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi a me ka ʻoluʻolu no lākou ke loaʻa nā pōhaku mottled liʻiliʻi me kahi hapa o 5-7 mm. Nā kiʻi - nā pōhaku, ka driftwood, nā ʻōpala seram a me nā ʻamo a me nā mea ʻē aʻe e hoʻokumu ai i nā kūlana kokoke i ke kai kūlohelohe.

Hānai

ʻOiai ke kau mau nei nā mea hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻai i ka pākeke, pono e hoʻonui ʻia kā lākou papa. ʻO ka ʻai kaulike e kau pū ana i nā mea momona a me nā meaʻai ʻai. ʻO ka meaʻai kūikawā no ka iʻa aku aku no ka mea ʻona e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke hana no nā mea i nalo aku, hoʻoikaika i ka ʻoni, hoʻonui i ka kūʻē o ka maʻi. Ma ke ʻano e mālama ʻia, hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia i ka lettu scalded a i nā kukama paha i ka otocinclus. Pono ke kāpae ʻia nā koena o kēia ʻano mai ka wai.

ʻO kahi nuance nui: ma ka hale aku o ka aquarium i hoʻolauna ʻia, ʻaʻohe mea plue i nā paia. Ma lalo o kēia mau kūlana, e pōloli ana ka iʻa inā ʻaʻole e hānai mau i laila. No laila, mai hilinaʻi me ka ʻoiaʻiʻo e loaʻa ka ʻai. Maikaʻi ʻo Seaweed no kāna mea ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā mea ʻai. ʻAʻole ʻae ʻo Ototsinklusy mai ka ʻai ʻana, a me ka ʻaina piha, ʻaʻole lākou e haʻalele i kā lākou kuleana e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka haki.

ʻAno e hoʻokū

ʻO nā mea ʻona Algae ke maluhia a me ka iʻa ʻono ʻole. ʻAʻole lākou e hana i ka hopohopo i nā poʻe ʻē aʻe o ka pākaula, hoʻomalu lākou e ka uhi liʻiliʻi mai nā mea liʻiliʻi. ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻopakele i ka kalana mai nā mea nui (astronotuses, nā māroti a me nā cichlids nui), no laila ʻaʻole kūpono nā iʻa i loko o nā hoalauna e pono ai nā iʻa. Hōʻike ka poʻe akamai i nā mea hoʻokaʻawale e wehe i kahi kokoke i kēlā mau ʻano i uhi ʻia nā ʻaoʻao me ka mucus pale (angelfish, discus). ʻO Ototsinkllyusy i ka hoʻāʻo ʻana e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i nā mea āpau a puni, e hele pinepine aku i kēia "ʻano lāʻau".

ʻO nā iʻa maluhia e like me ka guppies, nā pahi kaua, nā gourami a me nā mea like hoʻi he hoa aloha no otocinclus. Pono nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo no ka hoʻonaninani: ʻaʻole ʻōiwi ka iʻa, nunui a paʻakikī.

ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona kūʻokoʻa o ka otocinclus ko lākou ʻohana hipa. No ka nohona maikaʻi a me ka hoʻoulu ʻana, pono lākou i nā hoalauna o kā lākou ʻano! Loaʻa ka akukoko o ka home i ka liʻiliʻi o nā iʻa 5-6, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi.

Maʻi maʻi

No ka mea, ʻaʻole e ʻae kēia ʻanoʻa i ka wai i loko o ka ʻāʻī ʻana a me ka hoʻonaninani, pono ke mālama ʻia i ka mālama kūikawā i ka wā e hoʻohuli ana i kekahi pahu i kekahi. ʻO ka popi i ka pae Ph ka alakaʻi i ka make wikiwiki, a i ʻole ka nāwaliwali nā pale ʻole. ʻO ka nāwaliwali i ka otocinculus, ʻoi aku ka loaʻa o ka maʻi me nā ʻano a me nā wai fula. ʻO ke koena o ka iʻa he ikaika loa, akā, ʻo ka mea kaumaha, ʻaʻole ia e ola lōʻihi. He ola ia i ka hiki ʻana o nā makahiki ʻekolu he make wale nō o ka ʻelemakule.

Hoʻohālikelike

ʻO ka ʻōpoki honu ʻōpoki Ototsinklus he loaʻa maoli no ka mahiʻai. Ke hoʻāʻo nei nā mea e pili ana i kēia ʻano aku aku i ka hana ʻana i kahi biotope i loko o nā pahu kāʻai i kahi kokoke loa ia i nā kūlana maoli: kahi nui o nā mea kanu o nā ʻano like ʻole a me nā ʻāpana. He ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o ka mālama ʻana i nā mālamalama maʻemaʻe i nā maʻemaʻe, a me nā otocincluses e hele mau i ka hoʻopakele, ʻaʻole i hoʻopōʻino i ka hoʻolālā. Hoʻolako ka loko o nā loina Dutch no ka nui o nā mea kanu a ʻike pinepine ʻole nā ​​mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻole. ʻO ka mea hope loa, i loko o ka hale hoʻonaʻauao maʻamau, ʻoluʻolu kēia mau iʻa i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana me ka maʻemaʻe ʻole me ka ʻoka ʻole i ka lepo, ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i nā mea me ka hoʻopilikia ʻole i nā poʻe ʻē aʻe.

Kāleka

Ua kapa ʻia kēia ʻano iʻa me ka leka uila ma muli o ka loaʻa ʻana o nā papa pale. Hoʻopili ʻia ke kino, pīpī iki ʻia ma nā ʻaoʻao. Holo i 3-5.5 cm ka lōʻihi. ʻEleʻele ke kua, ʻōmaʻomaʻo nā ʻaoʻao, a keʻokeʻo ka ʻōpū. Ma ka ʻaoʻao nā kala lōkahi ka lōʻihi. ʻO nā ʻehā a me nā peni pectoral ka mahele, he leʻaleʻa. Kūpono me ke kīʻaha inu, nā maka nui. Aia nāʻokoʻaʻokoʻa i nā kala.

Ehia nā moʻa e ola nei

Me ka mālama maikaʻi, ola ʻo Ototsinklus i nā makahiki 5-6.

Heʻoi aku ma mua o 17 mau ʻano o otocinclus i ʻike ʻia e kūʻai ʻia ma lalo o ka inoa maʻamau. Ua kūpono nā ʻano a pau no ka mālama ʻana i ka wai. ʻO nā ʻano maʻamau loa:

1. Ototsinclus affinis a maʻamau paha (Otocinclus affinis). ʻAe he kala nā kala, he kolala a brown i nā ʻaoʻao. Aia nā wahi koloka ma ka kua heʻeleʻele. Hoʻopalīke ʻia nā ʻala me kahi lau mākaukau.
   
2. Kāwaha ʻia. ʻO ka kala i nā hua ʻoliva a me nā leo melemele, aia ke kino i ke ʻano o nā pōkole pōkole, nā wahi ʻeleʻele ma ke kua.
   
3. ʻO Arnoldi. ʻO kaʻano, hoʻomanaʻo nui i ka otocyclus maʻamau, hoʻokaʻawale ʻia e nā ʻōpū brown brown.
   
4. Maria I ke kūʻai aku ua liʻiliʻi ʻole ia. Kūpono i ka mālama i nā pahu liʻiliʻi, ʻoiai e ulu ana ma kahi o 2 cm.
   

Pono ʻo Ototsinklusami i ka wai maʻemaʻe me kahi kahe wikiwiki, saturated me ka oxygen. ʻO ka haʻawina ʻoi loa ka iʻa ma nā hui o 6 mau kanaka. ʻO ka iʻa, bred i ke kūlohelohe, pono i kahi lōʻihi o ka hoʻohuihui i ka aquarium, ʻoi aku lākou kahi pili i ka meaʻai.

ʻO nā ʻano o Otocinclus

ʻOiai ua loaʻa ka helu o nā iʻa aʻai i ka 18, he liʻiliʻi wale nō ka mea kaulana loa. Loaʻa kā lākou wehewehe weheweheʻana i ka palapala moʻomeheu kūikawā.

Akā ke koho a me ka poʻe loea i ka poʻe i koho i kēia mau ʻano.

• Affinis. Kokoke nō nā kānaka a pau iā ia. Ma hope o nā mea a pau, ʻo ka lōʻihi o ke kino he 3-4 cm.ʻīuli - kala-kala. Ma nā ʻaoʻao aia kekahi ʻalaʻulaʻula. Pono nā palahalaha a ʻōmaʻomaʻo.

• ʻĀhewa lele. ʻO ke kala kino he ʻoliva-hina a hina paha-hina. Hoʻopili ʻia nā wahi pōʻeleʻele i loko o ke kino.

• ʻO Arnoldi. He kūlike kēia subspecies me ka affinis.Akā ma ke kua o kēlā mau iʻa he mau ʻeleʻele eleele. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia lākou e nā aquarist ʻike.

Quarantine ma mua o kahi i kau inoa

Ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana i ka iakui, e kau i nā iʻa hou i loaʻa i loko o ka pahu kuikē. E hoʻohana i ka mea hoʻokaʻawale 30-lita ma loko o kahi quantine. Inā ʻaʻole i ʻike ʻia ka maʻi i loko o nā hebedoma 3-4, e kau i ka otocinclus i loko o ka mea akomi maʻamau. ʻO ka wai me kahi haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa e kūpono no ka quarantine. Hoʻohui i ka hopena methylene biru no ka pale ʻana. Mai hoʻohui i ka paʻakai, nā hāmeʻa e pili ana i ka keleawe a me nā inisitike i ka wai, no ka mea, ʻaʻole i ʻae ʻo otocinclus i kēia mau mea.

Nā hiʻohiʻona o ka mālama nui ma ka aquarium

1. ʻO ka nui o nā kaakona mai ka 60-70 lita. Ma hope o nā mea āpau, ʻo ka otocinclus he ʻohana o nā kānaka. A aia ma loko o kahi pahu he 6-10 pālua. E koho nā mea akamai loea i nā ipu hakahaka he pā hohonu.
2. Kūpono. Kūkulu ʻia nā mea kanu, nā mea ʻōmaʻomaʻu i loko o ka aquarium, nā waiho lāʻau hoʻonani a me ka driftwood. Ma hope o nā mea a pau, makemake nui ka iʻa i piha i nā ipu. No nā mea hoʻonaninani, nā mea kanu i ulu ai, e hoʻohana ʻia kekahi mau algae, nā pua a me nā lau.
3. Ke ʻano hoʻohālikelike. Kuhi lākou i ka otocinclus ma loko o ka hale wai i mālama ʻia ai ka wai i ka 23- 27 degere. Ke hoʻohālikelike nei i ke anuanu i 30 mau degere hoʻonāukiuki i ke ʻano o nā maʻi, ka make o ka iʻa. Hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻanela e mālama i ka mahana.
4. Mālamalama No nā kukui kukui ʻoluʻolu, i hanaʻia e hoʻohana ana i nā kukui fluorescent.
5. Aeration a filtration. Kūleʻa maikaʻi loa nā mea i ka kū ʻana o ka lepo, i ka wai kūloe. No laila, koi a hoʻohana ʻia ka hoʻohana ʻana o nā aerators a me nā kānana mīkini. Hoʻololi ʻia ka loli wai i kēlā me kēia 7-10 lā.

Hoʻohana ʻia nā mea hoʻomiele a me nā mea wela wai e hana i nā kūlana i ʻae ʻia. Me ke kōkua o lākou, e mālama ʻia ka pae wai o ka wai i ka neʻe lohi.

Holo a mālama i ka īmū

ʻO ka hoʻopili hou ʻana o ka otocinclus e hele mai i nā kūlana kūlohelohe a me nā mea aku. Ma hope o nā mea a pau, ʻaʻohe pono e hoʻokumu i nā kūlana kūikawā. He lawa lawa e hoʻokō pono i ka mālama pono, e hoʻokō i kahi kūʻokoʻa piha o ka wai i loko o ka pahu.

E hana ana nā pāʻani ma mua o ka spawning. I ka wā hana, ʻike ʻia nā hakakā ma waena o nā kāne. Hiki i ka iʻa i huaʻai ma kahi ʻano manuahi a loaʻa paha. Hōʻike ka poʻe akamai i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i ka hipa i hiki i nā wahine ke kūleʻe i loko o kahi anuanu.

Hiki ke hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka nui loa o ka waiū i ka wā e hoʻopaʻa ʻia ai ke poʻo o ka wahine i ka ʻōpū o kahi kāne kāne. A laila e pāloi ka wahine i nā hua i kanu ʻia i kahi ʻāpana a iʻa paha i hoʻomākaukau ʻia ai e ka hui. ʻO ka wā hōʻala mai ka lā 2 a 7. Hoʻokomo ʻia ka lālani me nā hua he 120-150.

Hōʻike ka hiʻona i nā lā 3-4. Mākaukau kahi kīʻaha ʻē aʻe no lākou, ʻo ia ka 18-20 cm kiʻekiʻe.ʻO kekahi manawa hana ʻia ka spawning e ulu i ka pā. Hoʻopau ʻia nā pākeke mai nā kahua kila, i hoʻololi ʻia i ka pākihi maʻamau.

ʻAi ʻia ka pāala me ka infusoria, microworms, grated yolks. Hoʻolaha, kūleʻa ke kāwili i luna, hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā huahana protein i loko o ka meaʻai. ʻO ka nui o ka pīkī e hoʻonui i ka wai algae.

Hānau ʻia ʻo Fries ma 7-8 mau makahiki o ka makahiki.

I nā kūlana aku aku, hiki ke ola nā mea ʻai algae no 6 mau makahiki.

Kūlike

Ua maluhia ʻo Ototsinclus. No laila, loaʻa i nā hiʻohiʻona nui o nā iʻa, kahi liʻiliʻi i ka nui.

ʻAʻole manaʻo ʻo Aquarist e waiho i ka iʻa me nā pihi pale i loko o ka pahu like. Ma hope o nā mea āpau, hiki iā lākou ke huki i ka ʻaoʻao a me nā kāʻei o ka huakaʻi.

ʻAʻole i loaʻa i loko o kahi pahu kahi "kānaka noho" nui, no ka laʻana, cichlids. Hoʻohā ʻoiaʻiʻo, e hoʻouka ana nā phenotypes i nā mea ʻai kai a me kā lākou ʻai.

ʻO nā hoalauna hoihoi ʻole ke komo ʻana me ka labeo ʻelua. Ma hope o nā mea āpau, hoʻokaʻawale ka ʻili a me ka iʻa i wahi. Ma muli o kēia, hakakā nā hōʻeha, ala mai nā hōʻeha.

Hoʻopiʻi pinepine nā hoalauna maikaʻi i nā mea ʻino, nā maʻi a me nā maʻi fungal. No laila, ma mua o ka hoʻonoho ʻana i ka ʻikepili, hoʻokūkū ʻia me ka ʻano o nā phenotypes.

ʻO Ototsinklusy algae-ʻai ka motile kanaka ponoʻī. ʻO lākou ke hoʻomaʻemaʻe i nā pahu o nā ʻano like ʻole a me nā ʻāpana. ʻO ka mea ʻai, hoʻohana lākou i nā aleka a brown a me ke kālala, e pālahalaha nei ma nā paia o ka ipu, nā mea hoʻonani a me nā snags.