Itikō he ʻōiwi pipi pākani mea nui e ulu ana ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa. Ua kūkulu ʻia i ka makahiki ʻumikūmāiwa ʻumikūmāiwa a he ʻano ʻano nui loa ia. Ua kapa ʻia ka inoa ma hope o Lake Cayuga, aia ma ke ʻaoʻao komohana o New York. Wahi a ka lawelawe ʻo American Livestock Service, ua helu ʻia kēia mau pā ma ka "hoʻoweliweli ʻia," ʻoiai e ulu wikiwiki ana ko lākou kaulana.
ʻO ka kumu o ke ʻano a me ka wehewehe
Whakaahua: Duck Cayuga
Aia kekahi moʻolelo lōʻihi o ka hoʻokumu ʻana i kēia ʻano. Ua manaʻo ʻia ua pani ʻia ka duck cayuga ma luna o kahi kaʻe ma waena o ka pā i ka Black East Indies a me kahi pā Rouen. Kahi mai ka holoholo kayuga mai kahi pualikoa kīwaha i hana ʻia e kahi kaila ma County Duchess, New York, i loko o kāna kao mole i ka makahiki 1809. Akā ʻaʻole pololei kēia ʻike ma ka moʻolelo maoli a he moʻolelo maoli nō ka ʻupena mai Gadwall. ʻO ka ʻike mōʻaukala ma New York ʻo ka coyuga ua mai loko mai o ka heluna o nā pōpoki hihiu ma kēia wahi, akā ʻaʻohe mea hōʻike maoli i loaʻa i ko mākou manawa e kākoʻo ai i ka hypothesis.
Nā hiʻohiʻona a me nā hiʻohiʻona
Kuhi: He aha ka maka?
ʻO Cayuga Duck ka manu liʻiliʻi. He maʻa maʻalahi ke kapa me kahi beak a ʻeleʻele a me ka plumage ʻeleʻele, ʻo ia kahi kala pua kūmole i ke kukui kūpono. Loaʻa nā wahine i nā wahi keokeo ma ko lākou hulu ma ka makahiki ʻelua a ma hope aʻe. Kūpono loa nā pōpoki i ka ʻike ma ka lā. ʻO nā wāwae a me ka beak ʻo nā duck ka kayug ʻeleʻele. Ai maʻamau lākou e kū pololei me ka ʻāʻī lōʻihi. He mau maka ʻulaʻeleʻele ko lākou, a he palaheone nā pehu ka kayuga. ʻO ka paona awelika kumukūʻai o kahi kahe i hiki ke 3.6 kg, a kaupaona nā pelo ma ke aniani o 3.2 kg.
Hiki i ke kumu ke noho noho i ka wai i loko o ka wai ma muli o nā ʻeke wai i loko o ko lākou mau kino, e hoʻonui ai i ko lākou buoyancy. Mālama ʻia ka lewa o ka kayug dash i waena o lākou, ʻo ia kekahi mea e kōkua ai iā lākou e ʻauʻau. Hoʻopili ʻia hoʻi ko lākou mau hulu me kahi wai kinipōpō e mālama nei i ka maloʻo maloʻo a maloʻo. ʻAi nā wāwae ʻōpio i nā manu holo pono e holo maʻalahi i ka wai.
He nui nā pōkole he nui mokulele ma muli o ko lākou mau kahale paʻu, nā ʻēheu ikaika a me nā iwi hopa, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā iwi ʻehā ma mua o nā iwi paʻakikī. ʻOiai ka lele ʻole ʻana o nā pualikoa kayuga no ka nui o ko lākou mau kino nunui a me ke kaumaha, he mau ʻēheu ikaika lākou a me nā iwi hollow, ʻo ia hoʻi ka ʻano o nā ʻano keu.
ʻIke maoli nō: ʻAno nā ngaka hoe Kayug, akā ua kāʻalima lākou i nā kime me kā lākou ʻuʻuku e kōkua iā lākou e kānana i ka meaʻai mai ka wai. A laila ua ʻai ʻia ka meaʻai a pae i ka mahele i loko o ka ʻōpū, kahi i loaʻa nā pōhaku liʻiliʻi e hoʻopau ai i ka ʻai.
I kēia manawa ua ʻike ʻoe i ka ʻano o ka pato. E ʻike i kahi a kēia manu e noho ai.
ʻAuhea ke ola o ka duck skiff?
Hoʻi kiʻi: Bird Duck Cayuga
ʻO ka honu Cayuga wale nō ke ʻano o nā ʻōpala home i kū mai ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa. I ka manawa mua, ua ulu ʻo kēia ʻano holoholona i luna ma New York i nā makahiki 1800, a ma hope mai ua kaulana loa ka cayugu duck. Akā ʻo nā pualikoa manu kaila me ka hulu a me ka hulu uliuli i hoʻonani ʻia me nā mea hohonu e lilo i kaulana i nā makahiki he 20 i hala iho nei ma muli o ke kālepa nui ʻana o nā moa a me nā pilikia ʻoi.
Pono nā ʻele home kai kayuga i ka malu mai ka makani a me ka ua, ke komo ʻana i ka meaʻai a me ka wai, a me nā pale ʻana e mālama ai iā lākou i kahi nūnū. Pono nā pā dewa Kayuga wale nō ka pā haʻahaʻa ma muli o kā lākou mākia lele lele. I loko o ka pā holoholona a mālama ʻia, ua mālama ʻia ka kayug ma luna o ka wai i hoʻopuni ʻia ai e nā kumulāʻau a me nā kumulāʻau e lilo i puʻuhonua.
Pono nā ʻeke ʻo Kayuga i ka wai e ʻohi ai me ka mākeke ʻūʻele i ka wā e maloʻo ai ka kelepela hoʻomaʻemaʻe. Kāohi ka wai iā lākou mai ka loaʻa ʻana i nā pōpilikia, e like me ka ʻōpī, nā kipa, nā lika, a me nā mea a pau i loaʻa i nā manu i loko o ka ʻohana. ʻOiai ʻaʻole like ʻole nā kao kayuga i kēia me nā manu ʻē aʻe, pono naʻe i ka mana i hoʻolālā ʻia e hakakā ai i nā wīwī. Loaʻa nā pōpoki Fed i nā pilikia olakino.
He aha kahi mea e ʻai ai ka moa?
Kuhi: ʻo ka pōpoki Cayuga ma ke ʻano
ʻO nā peke nahele ʻo Kayuga kahi ʻano meaʻai like ʻole. ʻOiai mākou manaʻo e ʻai nui nei lākou i ka mauʻu, nā mea kanu wai, a hoʻopōmaʻomaʻi i ka lepo, a laila makaʻu paha ʻoe i ka ʻike ʻana no kekahi o nā meaʻai a lākou e ʻai ai.
Ke hele nei i ka lapalapa ma lalo o nā loko wai a me nā kahawai, e ʻimi nei lākou i nā meaʻai e hiki mai ana:
ʻAi lākou i nā mea kanu mea kanu:
No ka mea ʻole ʻole ʻia ko lākou holoholona hihiu, ua loli ka pālako kayuga e ʻai i nā ʻano meaʻai i mea e mālama pono ai i ke olakino ma ka makahiki āpau. Hiki i nā ʻīneke ʻo Kayuga ke halihali i nā nui o nā momona i lalo o ke kaohi ʻana o ka hulu, kahi e hānai ai iā lākou ma o nā manawa pōkole. ʻO ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka hopena i nā mea ma o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka noho palekana, a he mana koko kūikawā no nā wāwae a me nā wāwae e pale ai i ka manuahi.
ʻO ka hānai kayak waʻa me ka meaʻai kūpono he hopena nui ia i ke ʻano o kā lākou ulu a me ka ulu ʻana. ʻO ka ʻai maikaʻi ʻole a me ka nele o ka pono e loaʻa nō ka hopena maikaʻi iā lākou. Kahi liʻiliʻi nā mea hana i hānai i nā hua duck. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana i ka pāʻina moa. ʻOiai ke ʻano like, hānai ʻole ʻo ka moa moa i nā mea pono e pono ai no nā peke kayak, no laila pono ʻoe e hoʻomaʻamaʻa.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o ke ʻano a me nā ʻano hana
Kiʻi: Kāhoa
Subidy sube i ka kūlohelohe a he ʻano maikaʻi loa kona. ʻO kēia kekahi o nā moa hana ʻoi loa. Maʻalahi lākou e haehae inā ʻoe e hoʻokele. He anuanu loa lākou a paʻakikī hoʻi i ka hiki ke hoʻomanawanui i ka weli ma mua. ʻO kēia mau manu ʻono maikaʻi a loaʻa i ka hapa nui o kā lākou meaʻai mai ka hānai ʻana, no laila mea maikaʻi loa lākou no ka hānai manuahi. Ua kūpono ka hua no ka ʻai a me nā hana hua.
Hiki i nā kayugs mālama maikaʻi ke noho lōʻihi ma mua o ʻumi makahiki, no laila e lōʻihi ka lōʻihi o ka pilina me ʻoe. I ke kala ʻana i ka maikaʻi, hoʻomaka ka cayuga i ke keʻokeʻo me kēlā me kēia molt, e hoʻopiʻi ana i ka ʻiʻo ʻike maka ʻia e like me ka pohō i ka wai. Hoʻomaka kekahi mau wāwae i kahi ʻulaʻula.
ʻIke maoli nō: Noho paha nā pualikoa Kayuga e noho kokoke ma ka hale, a ʻoi aʻe lākou e kau i ka hua ʻākala ma mua o nā ʻano aʻe ʻē aʻe no ka mea e noho lākou i kā lākou mau hua manu ma mua o nā ʻano holoholona ʻē aʻe.
ʻO nā pika ʻo Kayuga ka wī a nani hoʻi. He kūʻokoʻa lākou no ka mea he pelalakiki ʻala maikaʻi. Hiki i ke ʻano o nā hua Kayuga nā hiʻohiʻona ʻē aʻe, me ka neʻe ʻana o ke kala ʻeleʻele i ka kinipona, akā he mea pālahalaha wale nō kēia e holoi maʻalahi ʻia. ʻO ke ʻano o ke kau ʻana i ka ʻeleʻele i ka ʻelee i ka wā kau - hoʻomaka ka waiʻeleʻele i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka wā kau a hoʻomālamalama i ka wā e hoʻomau ka kau ʻana. Ke holoi ʻoe i kahi ʻāpana hāleʻele, puka mai kahi hua ʻōlala.
ʻO ka hoʻolālā ʻenehana a me ka hana hou
Whakaahua: Duck Cayuga
ʻAʻole e like me nā wai wai e like me nā lewa a me nā kuʻu, ʻaʻole ʻoi i ka duck Akayuga i hoʻokahi manawa no ke ola. He monogamous ka pilina o kēlā me kēia manawa, akā koho ka hapa nui i nā hoa hou i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hāwele i ka hoʻoilo. Eia kekahi, ʻoi aku ka helu liʻiliʻi o nā ʻano i nā dēneke kayug - e pili ana i 7% - e hoʻomaʻamaʻa polygamy. Ma kēia pūnaewele, hiki i ka pā kāne ke mare me nā wahine wahine i noho i kāna ʻāina.
ʻO ka awelika, hiki i ka cayugu kau ke waiho ma waena o 100 a me 150 mau hua nui ma kēlā me kēia makahiki. He ʻeleʻele a hinaʻeleʻele paha kā lākou hua. Akā ma ka hopena o ke kau, ua keʻokeʻo ke kala o ka hua manu. ʻOi loa ka pīpī. Maikaʻi nā ʻōpī Kayuga a hiki ke hoʻopuka i kahi helu o nā mamo, ʻoiai ke anuanu. Ke hele nei lākou, noho pinepine a ʻāʻī i nā hua. ʻO ka 28 mau lā o ka hiki ʻana o nā hua kōpī no kauga. Ke hoʻohana ʻana i kahi incubator, pono ʻo 37.5 ° C i kahi mahana o 86% no 1-25 mau lā a me 37 ° C ma kahi haʻahaʻa o 94% no 26-28 mau lā.
ʻIke maoli nō: He hapa nui ke ola o ka ʻiʻo i mālama ʻia ma ke ʻano he holoholona ma waena o 8 a 12 mau makahiki.
Noho ka ʻeka ʻo Kayuga ma nā hui. Mālama lākou i nā hua i kēlā me kēia makahiki āpau, ma mua e hoʻomaka ka pūnāwai, a e hāhā i nā hua inā waiho ʻia lākou e noho. Ua uhi ʻia nā hua me kahi kiʻi ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele a ʻeleʻele hoʻi, kahi i holoi ʻia, ʻoiai ʻo kēia mau manu he nui i waiho i nā hua keʻokeʻo.
ʻO nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe o nā ducks kayug
Kuhi: He aha ka maka?
ʻO ka pilikia nui loa i ka mālama ʻana i nā kaole kayug ʻo kā lākou mea hoʻohewa. ʻO nā ʻiʻo, minks, weasels, raccoons a me nā ʻūpiha e ʻai i nā kīlio, inā hāʻawi ʻia i ka manawa. E lawe ʻia ʻo Kayugi i loko o ka hale a paʻa paha i ka pō. Hiki i ka raccoon ke pepehi a ʻai i ka pīpī ma waena o ke kaula uha, no laila ʻo ka lalo o ka pā e pono ʻia me ke kelepona e pale aku ai iā lākou.
Pono ka cayug duck i ka pale mai ka lā wela. Hāʻawi ʻia ʻo ia me kahi aka i ka wā i hiki ai ke wela i ka 21 ° Celsius. Makemake lākou e ʻauʻau, no laila e ʻoluʻolu lākou i ka loko wai o nā keiki inā ʻaʻole e ʻae ʻia ka wai i ka lepo a ʻaʻole ʻae ʻia ka lepo ma ka ʻona. ʻO nā ʻakaʻaka, hiki ke ola maikaʻi i ka wā i hāʻawi ʻia ʻia nā mea ʻē aʻe akā nā wai inu wai ʻole.
Pono hohonu ka loko e uhi i kā lākou beak i hiki iā lākou ke hoʻohana iā ia e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ko lākou mau ihu. E pono e hoʻololiʻia ka wai i ka liʻiliʻi ma kahi o ka pule. Hiki i kahi cayuga ke loaʻa i kāna meaʻai ponoʻī inā loaʻa kahi lawa. ʻAuhea ka wahi e pono ai ke kōkua, no ka hānai ʻana i ka kayga duck. Pono nā pato i kahi kīʻaha a i ʻole ke one heihei e kōkua ai iā lākou e hoʻokaʻawale i ka meaʻai.
Ke ʻano o ka noho ʻana a me nā ʻano
Kiʻi: Kāhoa
Ua hoʻolauna mua ʻia nā kaʻe kayuga ʻeleʻele i Cayug County (Finger Lakes New York City) i ka waena o nā 1800 mau makahiki, a ua ala aʻe ia no ka hānai ʻana i ka hua manu a me ka ʻai, a me nā holoholona no kā lākou hoa aloha. a me keʻano pilikino. ʻIke ʻia nā pālele Kayuga he ʻano kūpuna a aia i kēia lā ma ka papa inoa o "American Endtle" American Cattle Farm ma muli o kā lākou mau helu liʻiliʻi ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa.
ʻO ka lilo ʻana o ka kaulana i ka 1990s i hōʻemi ai i ka nui o nā kahena kayug no nā makahiki he mau makahiki, akā he mea ʻole kēia ʻano i ke ʻano o ka dodo. Ma mua ua hoʻoweliweli ʻia ka inoa o ke kai kayug ma luna o ke "papa inoa inoa" ʻo Conservatory of Livestock Conservatory - kahi hōʻailona hōʻeuʻeu e ʻike nā mea aloha wai i ka honua a puni i ka nani a me ka pono o kēia pā.
ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka pālī manu Kayuga ma mua o nā pono manuahi ʻē aʻe, no ka mea, he ʻano lahilahi hou kēia ʻano ʻōlio, i ulu i ka makahiki ʻumikūmāiwa ʻumikūmāiwa. ʻO ka pīpī hūki i kēia manawa he pua ʻōpena kaulana loa i ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, a ke hoʻohana nui ʻia ia no ka hana ʻana i ka ʻai a me nā hua manu, a ʻo ia nō hoʻi he manu hihiu.
Itikō - He ʻano lono kupaianaha maʻamau kēia. ʻIpaʻa nā cayugs a hiki i ke kukui ke alapaʻi iā lākou, a laila e hōʻike ana i ko lākou keʻokeʻo maikaʻi. Kele ʻeleʻele ka beaks a me nā wāwae. Me nā makahiki o ka cayuga, hoʻomaka lākou e loaʻa i nā hulu keʻokeʻo, hiki iā lākou ke kahuli hou i ka hapa nui o ko lākou mau kala kala, a hiki i ko lākou mau wāwae a me nā wāwae ke kiʻi i kahi kūpeʻe kala.
ʻO ke ʻauhau a me ka Etymology
Ua wehewehe ʻo William Brewster i ka mea ʻalani ʻāʻī ʻAmelika e like me ʻO nā ʻāpana ʻOi OBSCURA , no ka "Red-Turkish Black Duck", i kāna hana pānaʻāina "The Shines Indescribable of the Black Duck ( Anas obscura ), "I ʻO ke kākē i ka makahiki 1902, e hoʻokaʻawale i waena o ʻelua mau ʻano ʻele ʻele i loaʻa ma New England. ʻO kekahi o lākou i wehewehe ʻia me ka liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi, me ka wāwae ʻeleʻele a me nā lāʻau ʻoliva a i ʻole nā ʻāpanaʻeleʻele, a ʻo nā mea ʻē aʻe e like me ka nui o ke ʻano, me ka peka keokeo, ke aniani ʻulaʻula a me nā kakā melemele aniani. ʻO ka mea hou o ka ʻelua ua wehewehe ʻia e ʻO ka Pinasole Anas i ke kanaka kūlohelohe Keleman Johann Friedrich Gmelin i 1789 i loko o ka makahiki 13th Systema naturae Mahele, ʻo 2, a ua hilinaʻi ʻo ia ma ka "Paliʻeleʻele" Welsh naturalist Thomas Pennant. ʻO ka inoa ʻepekema o kēia manawa, ʻO nā ʻōpala anas , he hoa kahi o ka Latin, me Anas ala "duck" a nā ʻōpala iaa pāpū , "Pahu" me PES Nā wāwae.
Pau ke Koi ʻeuʻi Arctic , Mālama 2, i wehewehe i kēia pālolo i ka hōʻea ʻana mai "mai New York City" a me kahi "poʻomaʻo pōkole a lōʻihi hoʻi a olakino, me kahi pū uliuli polū: keʻokeʻo ka poloka: ʻālamalama ka ʻāʻī, me nā laina i lalo me nā laina gloomy." Ma kahi maʻamau pinhole , nā hiʻohiʻona e like me nā mālamalama-ʻeleʻele, ʻoliva ʻōmaʻomaʻo a me nā ʻoliva ʻeleʻele, nā ʻōmaʻomaʻo-ʻulaʻula me nā leʻa ʻole o kahi ʻulaʻula, nape a me ka pileum i like me ka ʻeleʻeleʻeleʻele, speck o ke kūhā a me ka ʻāʻī, nā ipo linear a me nā mālamalama hōʻailona ma ka ʻāʻī a me nā ʻaoʻao o ke poʻo. ʻaʻole i ʻoliʻele, ʻaʻole e loli i ka wā a me ka manawa o ka makahiki.
ʻO keʻano
Ke kaupaona nei ka puhipuli ʻEleʻele me 720-1.640 g (1.59-3.62 paona) a e ana iā ia ka nui o 54-59 cm (21-23 iniha) ka lōʻihi me 88-95 cm (35-37 kūniha) o ka ʻēhe nui. Loaʻa kēia ʻano kiʻekiʻe i ke kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o ke kino ma ke ʻano. Anas , me ke kumu he 376 nā kāne e piʻi ana i ka 1,4 kg (3.1 paona) a me 176 mau wahine i ʻimi e 1.1 kg (2.4 mau paona). ʻO ka pāleʻele ʻeleʻele ʻAmelika ka mea e hoʻomanaʻo mau ai i ka wahine ʻo Mallard i ka kala kala, ʻoiai ʻoi ka eleele o ka pala o ka pua. ʻO nā kāne a me nā wahine kekahi mau like me ka helehelena, akā he pālaula melemele ke kāne, a he ʻalekilele ka wahine i ka ʻeleʻele me nā pōʻeleʻele, ma kahi e ʻohi ʻia nei i ka uliuli. He ʻulaʻula ke poʻo, akā ʻoi aku ka māmā ma mua o ke kani o kahi kino ʻeleʻele. Hāʻawi ʻia nā pāpālina a me ke ʻūhā i kahi ʻōmaʻomaʻoʻeleʻele, me kahi kao ʻulaʻula e hele ana ma ka lei a me nā maka heʻe. Ma Speculum ka hulu hulu kaila ʻōniʻoniʻu-uliuli me nā kihi ʻeleʻele nui. ʻO nā wāwae ʻono ʻiʻo o nā ducks he mau ʻeleʻele.
I ka lele, ʻike ʻia kahi aniani keʻokeʻo maʻa i ke kūlike ʻole i ka ʻeleʻele a i lalo a i ʻole luna. Loaʻa i nā aniani keʻokeʻo nā pale keʻokeʻo ma ka mua a i hope, a loaʻa ʻole paha kahi kihi kaila keʻokeʻo. ʻIke ʻia ka ʻūʻeleʻele ma ke kaona o ka uhi ʻana i uhi uhi mua.
Ua like nā Juveniles me nā wahine pākeke, akā ua ʻāwili lākou i nā kihi ʻiliʻili o ka hulu o nā hulu, e hāʻawi ana i ke ʻano o ke ʻano keokeo, akā, ʻaʻole ka helehelena o ke ʻano o ka Browner, ma kahi ʻonanʻula ʻokoʻa. He mau ʻāpana brownish-ʻelima nā kāne ʻōpio, a ʻo nā ʻōpio ʻōpio ua loaʻa nā wāwae brownish a me kahi pā waihoʻoluʻu greish-greenish.
ʻO ka pākuʻi a me ka noho
Hoʻohana ʻo ʻAmelika Hema i ka hikina ʻĀpana ʻAmelika Hema. Ma Kanada, hele ka lōʻihi mai ka Saskatchewan kahawai a hiki i Newfoundland a me Labrador. No United States, aia ia i ka wēwau, Illinois, New Jersey, Ohio, Connecticut, Vermont, South Dakota, waena o West Virginia, Maine a me ke kahakai Atlantika o North Carolina.
He kahua paʻa honua ka ʻele ʻōpena ʻAmelika, me ka mea e pili pū ana me nā pawai ahe a ke kū nei i ka makahiki i ka paʻakai paʻakai mai Maine Bay a hiki i Virginia. Makemake ʻo ia i ka wai i nā wai a me nā kahawai kahakai ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau o ʻAmelika, ʻo ia hoʻi me ka wai paʻakai, nā ʻuʻuku a me ke kihi o nā wai o nā loko a me nā kahe e kau ʻia me ka ʻūpū alder. Noho ana kekahi i nā loko he beaver, nā loko pāpū me ka ulamo a me nā ʻoi, nā ʻūhū ma nā wahi ākea a me nā ʻalā hemo, a me nā pulu lau nahele. Loaʻa nō hoʻi nā populat ma Vermont i loko o kahi kīhāpiha hoʻopuni wai ʻia i hoʻopuni ʻia e nā ʻōpū kahawai.ʻO ka hoʻoilo, noho nui ka ʻeleʻele ʻāina o Amerika i nā wahi hehi kūwā, nā palena o nā palena, nā māla mahiʻai, ke kaiāulu, nā ʻāina ʻoihana, nā ʻāpana waiwai a me nā wahi i kahakai. Hōʻalo ka poʻe ducks mai ka hunai a me nā pilikia ʻē aʻe ma o ka neʻe ʻana i ka brackish a me nā wai hou e mālama pono ai i ka ʻāina.
Hānai
He ʻano ʻōmole ʻano ʻāpana like ʻole ʻo ʻAmelika Huipū. Hoʻopau ia i ka wai papala a kāʻili i ka ʻāina. ʻO kā kāna mea kanu kanu kekahi e komo pono i ka nui o nā lau mau ʻōpala a me nā mea hoʻowalewale, ʻo ia hoʻi nā hua, ke kō, nā lau, nā kumu kanu āpau e like me ka zostera, rdesta, a me ka highlander. ʻO kāna meaʻai holoholona ʻai nā mollusks, snails, amphipods, iniseti, mollusks a me nā iʻa liʻiliʻi.
I ka wā hōʻiliʻili, ʻo ka ʻai ʻeleʻī ʻAmelika ʻeleʻele e like me 80% nā mea kanu lāʻau a me nā huahana holoholona he 20%. Ke piʻi nei ke meaʻai ʻoiʻai i ka nui o 85% i ka hoʻoilo. I ka wā kaʻawale, hoʻonui ka nui o nā invertebrates. ʻAi nui nā ʻōpio i nā invertebrates aquatic i nā lā he 12 ma hope o ka huki ʻana, e komo pū ana me nā snowbugs aquatic, snails, mayflies, dragonflies, beetles, lele, caddis lele a me nā larvae. Ma hope o kēlā, hoʻololi lākou i nā hua a me nā meaʻai kanu.
ʻano hānau
ʻO ka noho hānai hou ʻana ka alkaline bogs, ka wai paʻakai, nā loko wai, nā loko wai, nā kahe, nā lau wai, nā ʻamo a me nā ʻona ʻawaʻawa i nā ʻāpana ʻĀina ma nā panalāʻau ʻākau o Saskatchewan, Manitoba, ma Ontario, Quebec, a me nā moku ʻo Atlantika ma Kanada, Great Lakes a i Adirondacks i Amerika. He mahele ʻana ia, a me nā makikini ma ka waena waena o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, ʻo ia hoʻi nā wahi kahakai, e noho mau ana kekahi makahiki i ka makahiki ʻo Great Lakes. ʻO kēia peka he kaʻa holoʻokoʻa ka UK a me Ireland, ma kahi mau makahiki i noho ai nā manu he nui a noho me nā mallard kūloko. ʻO ka hopena, hiki i ka hybrid ke hōʻike i nā pilikia ʻike nui.
Hoʻokomo ʻia nā pūnaewele ma ka ʻāina, ma nā wahi kiʻekiʻe. Kūpono hua kūpeʻe he ʻeono a me ʻumikūmāhā oval hua i loaʻa nā mania a hele mai i nā ʻāpana like ʻole o ke keʻokeʻo a me nā pua ʻōmaʻomaʻo. I ka awelika, ua ana lākou iā 59.4 mm (2.34 ʻeka) ka lōʻihi, 43.2 mm (1.70 ʻeka) ka laulā a paona 56.6 g (0.125 mau paona). Hāpoe ʻo Hatching i 30 mau lā ma ka awelika. Hoʻololi ka manawa incubation, akā maʻamau ka mea 25 i 26 mau lā. ʻO nā kāne a me nā wahine ʻO ka hapa o nā kuleana, ʻoiai ke nānā aku nā kāne i ka ʻāina a hiki i ka wahine ke hiki i waena o kāna manawa incubation. Pono aono paha pule e plumage. Ma hope o ke kāwili ʻana i ka hua, alakaʻi ʻia ka moa i ka ʻupena e hānai i nā wahi me ka nui o nā invertebrates a me nā mea kanu.
ʻO nā ʻeleʻeleʻeleʻele ʻAmelika e holo pinepine ana a me ka lehulehu me mallard, kahi e pili pono ai. Ua manaʻo kekahi kekahi mau luna i ka puʻele ʻeleʻele i lilo i subspecies o Mallard ma kahi o nā ʻano ʻokoʻa. ʻO Mank et al. Argue he hewa kēia, ʻoiai ke kiʻekiʻe o ka hybridization ʻaʻole wale nō ke ala e hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale i waena o waena. Anas mau ʻano.
Ua hōʻike ʻia e ʻoka ʻokoʻa ka ʻōpala olelika a me ka mallard i ko lākou wahi noho, me ka pelu poʻo o ka ʻele ʻōpio ʻAmelika e hāʻawi ai iā ia i ka pono koho ma nā loko ululāʻau shaded ma ʻAmelika ʻAmelika Hema, a ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka plumage o ka pile mallard e loaʻa ai kahi mea maikaʻi i ka ʻoi aku. , nā pā wai hou a me nā papu o ka loko. Wahi a kēia nānā, ʻo ka luku hou ʻana o ka nahele ma ka hikina a me ka kanu lāʻau ma nā pāpū ua wāwahi i kēia māhele o ka nohona, kahi e alakaʻi ai i nā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o ka hybridization e mālama ʻia nei. Eia nō naʻe, ʻike ʻole ʻia nā kumukūʻai o nā hybrid ma mua ma kēia a ʻo nā manu ʻē aʻe o nā ʻehā hybrid, ke manaʻo wale ʻia nei, i ka hihia o ka pāliki ʻAmelika, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā helu o ka palu ma mua o ka ʻike. Eia kekahi, ʻike ʻia nā ʻehā ʻōhulu o nā manu i ka wā lōʻihi, ʻoiai ka hopena o ka crossbreeding ākea. ʻĀnō loa ʻo ʻAmelika ʻeleʻele a me nā mall kūloko i kēia wā ia e hoʻokaʻawale ai me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka hoʻohālikelike microsatellite, ʻoiai inā he nui nā loiloi. Kūlike ʻole i nā ʻōlelo o kēia noiʻi ʻana, ʻo ka nīnau paha i ka American haplotype ka mua mallard pedigree ʻoi aku ka hopena. ʻO kā lākou ʻōlelo, ʻĀina ʻokoʻa loa nā pali ʻaluni ʻokoʻa loa mai nā mallards ma mua o ko lākou mau congeners hema, "heʻoiaʻiʻo maoli nō nā mākaʻikepili i hōʻike ʻia. Ke ʻike ʻole ʻia nā manu e ka hoʻonohonoho o nā māka microsatellite i hiki ke nānā ʻē i nā ʻano ʻē aʻe, aia nā ʻano ʻē aʻe ʻē aʻe ʻaʻole i hoʻohālikelike ʻia i ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana.
I loko o nā haʻawina pio, ʻike ʻia ka hapanui o nā hybrids ʻaʻole i hahai i ka lula a Haldane, akā aia kekahi manawa make ʻia nā honu wahine ma mua o ko lākou hiki ʻana i ka poperty, e kākoʻo ana i ka hihia no ka ʻeleʻAmelika ʻeleʻī he mau iwi ʻokoʻa.
Nā Pahu Hoʻonāukiua
Kino ʻo Apex i nā ʻōlio ʻōpala ʻAmelika e komo ana i nā ʻōpala ʻAmelika, nā gull a me nā raccoons, a ma kahi ulu lāʻau lā. ʻO nā Hawks a me nā ʻāpana haehae kekahi o nā mea nui o ka pākeke. ʻAi ʻia nā kīlepa a me nā ʻoki lau i nā ʻōpī nui. Hoʻokomo pinepine nā ʻōpio i nā maʻi i hoʻomoʻa ʻia e nā lolo parasit protozoan i hoʻouna ʻia e nā mea make manu e like me nā mea waena. Hoʻopilikia pū kekahi no ke alakaʻi ʻana i ka pona make, ʻike ʻia ʻo ka saturnism, ma muli o kā lākou hana hānai hoʻomaʻamaʻa.
Kūʻai a me ka pale
Mai ka makahiki 1988, ua helu ʻia ka American Black Duck ma ke ʻano he hopohopo nui loa ma ka IUCN Red List of Endangered Spies. ʻO kēia no ka nui loa o kēia ʻano o kēia ʻano, ʻaʻole ia e kokoke i ka paepae o nā ʻano he nui. Eia kekahi, he nui ka nui o ka lehulehu, a ʻoiai ke kuhi ʻana, ʻaʻole ia e kāpae wikiwiki i ka mea oʻa nā holoholona. Ua hōʻike lōʻihi ʻia ke ʻano manuahi manu lā, me ka makaʻala a lele me ka lele wikiwiki. ʻO ka pio o ka nohona ma muli o ka wai, kahe nui o nā ʻōpala ma muli o ke kaona ʻana, ka hoʻomehana ʻana o ka honua a me ka piʻi ʻana o ke kai nui he kumu nui o ka emi ʻana o ka heluna kanaka. Manaʻo kekahi mau ekales i nā honu a me nā hoʻokūkū me nā mallards ma ke ʻano he kumu no ka hopohopo e hoʻomau i kēia hoʻomau. ʻAʻole he pilikia koʻikoʻi ka Hybridization iho, ke koho kūlohelohe ʻo ia nā mea fittest i loaʻa ka hua nui loa. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka hōʻemi o ka hiki ʻana o nā māla wahine me ka hana ʻana i kekahi mau poli i ka holo lōʻihi ma muli o ka make ʻana o ka hua ma mua o ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana iā lākou iho. ʻOiai ʻaʻole kēia pilikia o ka pīpī mallard copious, hiki iā ia ke kau i kahi koʻikoʻi hou ma ka lehulehu ka ʻeleʻele ʻAmelika Huipū. Hōʻike nā haʻawina hou no ka Delta Waterfowl Foundation e pili ana i nā hybrids i ka hopena o nā kope koi ʻia, ma mua o ke ʻano maʻamau no ka moe ʻana i nā moa ʻeleʻele.
Hoʻomau ka lawelawe ʻo U.S. iʻa a me ka pāʻani ʻoihana ma ka loaʻa ʻana o ka noho ʻana i nā wahi he nui i ke kākoʻo ʻana i kahi keʻa lele, ka hoʻoilo, a me ka hānai ʻana o ka nohona ʻōpala ʻōpio ʻAmelika. Eia kekahi, ua loaʻa ka Montezuma National Reserve a hoʻihoʻi hou aku ma mua o kahi he 1,000 he hekahi o ka ʻāina i mea e hoʻolako ai i kahi hana no nā hana he $ 10,000 ʻeleʻele i ka wā lele o ka neʻe ʻana. Eia kekahi, ma ke kahakai ʻo Atlantika, ʻo ka ʻoihana hui e pale aku i ka noho ʻana o ka ʻeleʻāina ʻAmelika ma o ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana i ka noho kahi a me ka hāʻawi ʻana o ka ʻāina i nā papahana, ʻoiai hoʻi i loko o ko lākou wahi hoʻoilo a me nā wahi hoʻouka. I ka makahiki 2003, ua kālai ʻia ka Boreal Forest Conservation Framework e nā hui mālama, ʻenehana, a me nā Aupuni Tuatahi e pale aku i nā ululāʻau o Kanalela, ʻo ia hoʻi ka pūʻulu hikina hema o ʻAmelika Hema.
Mākaha i nā pika ʻōpika amerika
Noho ka ʻele ʻeleʻele me ʻAmelika Hema ma Manitoba, Minnesota. Hoʻohele ʻia kēia wahi ma ka hikina ma waena o nā mokuʻāina o Wisconsin, Illinois, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Maryland, West Virginia, a me Virginia. Hoʻopili i nā wahi kumu lāʻau o ʻAmelika Hema ma Northern Quebec a me Labrador Northern. ʻO kēia mau ʻanuʻu ʻōpala i loaʻa i ka ʻaoʻao hema o kona ākea a i ka hema i ke kahakai o ke awāwa o Mexico, Florida a Bermuda.
ʻOi aku ka makemake o ka peke uliuli ʻAmelika e noho i loko o nā hale noho i waena o nā ululāʻau.
ʻAmelika ʻeleʻī ʻeleʻeleʻAmelika
ʻOi aku ka makemake o ka pika uliuli ʻAmelika e noho i kahi ʻano wai hou a piha i loko o nā ululāʻau. Noho ia i nā ʻaluna me nā waikona a me ke ʻano alkaline, a me nā loko, nā loko a me nā loko wai e kokoke ana i ka mahina ʻai. Hāʻawi ʻia i nā pila a me nā waiwai waiwai. E makemake ʻo ia i nā wahi pili i ka meaʻai, e loaʻa ai nā kumukūʻai bruarish me nā ʻāina mahiai nui.
Ma waho o ka wā hoʻoulu, hoʻoulu nā manu ma nā awapo nui, hāpau ma ke kai, a me nā kai kiʻekiʻe. ʻO nā ʻeleʻeleʻAmelika Huipū he ʻano ʻano milratory. Hoʻopau kekahi mau manu i ka makahiki holoʻokoʻa ma The Great Lakes.
ʻO nā ʻeleʻeleʻAmelika Huipū he ʻano ʻano milratory.
I ka hoʻoilo, neʻe ka hapanui o nā ʻele ʻeleʻele loa o ʻAmelika Hema i lalo i lalo o ka pae ʻana ma ke kahakai o ʻAmelika ʻAmelika Hema a neʻe i ka hema i Texas. ʻIke ʻia kekahi mau kanaka ma Puerto Rico, Korea a me ʻEulopa maʻEulopa, ma kahi o lākou e loaʻa ai kahi noho mau no ka manawa lōʻihi.
Nā hōʻailona kūwaho o ka ʻeleʻele ʻAmelika
Ke kāne kāne o ka pume uliuli ʻAmelika i ka lole moe, nā wahi ma ke poʻo me nā veins ikaika o ka ʻeleʻele, e pili pū ana i nā maka, a ma ka pāpale o ke poʻo, kū i waho. ʻO ka ʻaoʻao ʻokoʻa o ke kino, ʻo ka ʻili a me nā ʻēheu ʻeleʻele ia.
ʻEleʻele nā hulu ma lalo, ʻeleʻele - ʻeleʻele i ka poni me nā ʻulaʻula ulaula a me nā patch. He aniani “huluhulu” ʻōniʻoniʻo ke kala ʻōniʻoniʻo, me ke kaula ʻeleʻele ma ka palena a me kahi ʻāpana keʻokeʻo liʻiliʻi. ʻO ke kolu o ka huluhulu kolu ka ʻōpū, ʻeleʻele, akā ke koena o ka plumage he hina hina a ʻeleʻele paha-ʻulaʻula, a o ka lalo ke kālā-keʻokeʻo.
Beak is greenish yellow or yellow yellow, with black marigold. ʻO nā wāwae he ʻulaʻula-ʻulaʻula. He pua ʻōmaʻomaʻo a ʻāmaʻomaʻo paha ka wahine me kahi wahi ʻeleʻele liʻiliʻi. ʻO nā wāwae a me nā wāwae kekahi iʻaʻulaʻula - ʻoliva i keʻokeʻo.
ʻO ke kala o ka plumage o nā manu ʻōpio e like me ka plumage o kahi pākeke
ʻO ka kala o ka plumage o nā manu ʻōpiopio ka like me ka plumage o nā pākeke pākeke, akā hōʻike ʻia e nā ʻāpana he nui, ka lōʻihi ma ka umauma a me ka ʻaoʻao o lalo o ke kino. Loaʻa nā pāpale i nā palena ākea, akā he mau ʻōlelo pōmaikaʻi. I loko o kahi lele, ua like ka ʻeleʻele ʻōpio o Amerika. Akā heʻeleʻele ke nānā aku, ʻeleʻele loa, kūlike loa nā ʻēheu e like me nā koena o ka plumage.
Hoʻomaka ka male ma nā pupu pāleanika ʻAmelika i ka lā Malaki-ʻApelila.
Pāmuʻi ʻele ʻeleʻepelika ʻAmelika
Hoʻomaka ka male ma nā pupu pāleanika ʻAmelika i ka lā Malaki-ʻApelila. E hoʻi hou nā manu i ko lākou mau wahi huna kahiko, a hoʻohana pinepine i nā hale waʻa kahiko a hoʻonohonoho paha i kahi pūnana hou 100 mika mai ka pā kahiko. Aia ka pūnana ma ka lepo a hūnā ʻia i waena o nā mea kanu, i kekahi manawa i loko o ka pū a i ʻole ka mahele ma waena o nā pōhaku.
A hoʻopili i 6-10 mau hua pua-ʻōmaʻomaʻo.
Hoʻokomo ʻia lākou i loko o ka pili i waena o ka lā hoʻokahi. Hoʻokomo ʻia nā ʻōpiopio liʻiliʻi i nā hua liʻiliʻi. I ka wā hoʻolelima, noho mau ke kāne no kahi 2 wiki kokoke i ka nalo. Akā naʻe, ʻaʻole paʻa ka mea e komo ai i ka hua ʻai. Noho ʻo Hatching ma kahi o 27 mau lā. Lalo pinepine, nā hua a me nā moa i lilo i mea waiwai no nā manu honu a me nā raccoons. Hōʻike nā ʻōpala mua i ka hoʻomaka mua o Mei, a ʻo ka pihi o ka hatching e hiki mai i ka hoʻomaka o Iune. ʻO nā pēpē ma hope o nā hola 1-3 e hiki ai ke hahai i ka pato. E alakaʻi ka wahine i kāna keiki no 6-7 mau pule.
Ma waho o ka wā hoʻoulu, ʻo nā ʻeleʻAmelika ʻeleʻele i nā manu ʻōpio nui loa.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o ka ʻōiwi ʻAmelika ʻeleʻele
Ma waho o ka manawa hana, manu ʻeleʻī ʻeleʻī manu nā manu ʻalani. I ka hoʻohou a me ka puna, hoʻokumu lākou i nā hipa o hoʻokahi tausani a i ʻole keu i nā manu. Eia naʻe, i ka hopena o Sepatemaba, pae nā pahuhopu, kani ka ʻohana a emi liʻiliʻi. Hoʻokumu ʻia nā ʻano manuʻai no ka wā hoʻoulu a noho no kekahi mau mahina. ʻO ka pihi o ka hana hōʻino i loko o ke kikowaena o ka hoʻoilo, a i loko o ʻApelila, aneane nā wahine āpau i hoʻokumu i nā pilina ma nā pālua.
Hōʻalo nā manu i ka wai papau, e nānā mau i ka lalo o ka pālule me nā ʻōpala.
ʻAiʻoki ʻoki ʻokiʻAmelika
ʻAi ʻia ka Pūleʻele ʻEleʻele i nā hua a me nā mea kanu i nā mea kanu aku. Hoʻokomo ʻia ʻo Invertebrates i kahi māhele o ka ʻai.
- pepona
- nā mollusks
- loko o ke kauwela a me ke kauwela.
Hōʻalo nā manu i ka wai pāpaku, e nānā mau i ka ʻeleʻele me kā lākou beaks a i ʻole a huli i lalo, e hoʻāʻo ai e loaʻa ka waiwai. Pihi lākou i kēlā me kēia manawa.
ʻAmelika ʻAmelika ʻAmelika - ʻAikena Holo
ʻO ka American Black Duck kahi mea nui i ka hopu ʻia i ka wai waterfowl ma ʻAmelika Hualihi loa.
ʻAmelika ʻAmelika ʻAmelika - kahi mea waiwai hoʻokolo waiwai
Ke kūlana ʻauhau o ka American Black Duck
ʻO ka nui o nā ʻeleʻī ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa i ka makahiki 1950 ma kahi o 2 miliona mau kānaka, akā mai ia manawa ua emi pinepine ka nui o nā manu. I kēia manawa, 50,000 ka noho ma ke ʻano maoli, ʻaʻole ʻike ka kumu o ka hāʻule ʻana, akā ma muli o ka nalowale o ka noho ʻana, ka hopohopo ʻana i ka wai a me ka ʻai, kaʻai manuahi, hoʻokūkū me nā ʻano kīwaha keu a me nā pōpoki me nā pālio mallard.
Hōʻea ka hūnā mai o kekahi mau pōpilikia i kekahi mau pilikia no ka hoʻopili hou ʻana i nā ʻano a alakaʻi i kahi hoʻoemi ʻana i ka nui o nā pupu ʻeleʻAmelika ʻeleʻele.
ʻAʻoleʻike nui nā wahine hānai i ka nui o ka hānau ʻana. He paʻakikī nā Hybrids e hoʻokaʻawale i nā manu kīhāpai kīwē, ʻoi aʻe, ua hōʻike ʻia nā noiʻi e make pinepine ana nā hybrids wahine ma mua o ka hānau ʻana. Hōʻike maopopo ʻia kēia i ka hihia o ka launa ʻana o interspecific me ka pupu ʻōpala ʻAmelika me mallard.
Ke hoʻomau nei nei ka nui o ka ʻeleʻī ʻeleʻele o ʻAmelika
Nui nā mallards, ma muli o ke koho kūlohelohe, i hana i nā hiʻohiʻona kūpono i nā kūlana kūlohelohe. No laila, he nui wale ka heluna o nā blackard mallard ʻAmelika e loaʻa ana i nā hopena genetic hou. I kēia manawa, mea nui ia e pale i nā hala i ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ka pili ʻana o nā ʻano pili.
Inā loaʻa ʻoe i kahi hala, e koho i kahi ʻāpana a me ka paʻi Ctrl + Kākau.
ʻO ka mōʻaukala kumu
Ua kapa ʻia kēia ʻano holoholona ma hope o Lake Cayuga, aia ma New York State. I kēia ʻāina, ua hoʻopili mua ʻia nā manu ma 1809. ʻAi ʻia nā kamaʻāina ʻAmelika i nā ʻōuliʻeleʻele me nā poko kūloko. I ka nānā ʻana i ke kala kumu, ua kapa ʻia kēia ʻano coral. Kahi ʻia wale nō i ka makahiki 1874, e like me ka pā Kayuga.
No nā makahiki he nui, hoʻomau ʻia ke koho ʻana i loko o ka huaʻai ʻo Kay Kay Black. ʻO ka pahuhopu nui o nā hoʻokolohua nui, ʻo ia ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka hōʻailona o ka huahana me nā hua hua manu, e hoʻoponopono ana i ka helehelena, ke ʻike nei i nā ʻano hou o nā lei o nā hulu.
Nā hiʻohiʻona a me ka noho maʻamau
Pili ʻia ka ʻiʻo a me ka hua manu ma Russia lawenaʻa. Loaʻa nā pato no ka hoʻoulu a me ka hana ʻana i kahi hana hoʻolālā. Ke hele nei a puni ka pūlea, ʻae nā manu i ka nānā ʻana me nā hulu e hoʻōloʻe ana i ka mālamalama, ʻano nani a me kahi hana nui.
Noho ka pupa ma ka hale, e loaʻa mau i ka wai a me ka hau.Pēlā ka mālama ʻana i ka wahi maʻa, inā ʻaʻole i make ka manu mai ka neʻe ʻana i nā alapine liʻiliʻi. ʻO nā Kayugs e like me ka holo ʻana i ka hapa, no laila ua hoʻopili ʻia kahi wai kūlohelohe ma nā wahi o ke kuʻuna a i ʻole kahi hapa o ke ʻano maoli (mai ka hihiu) i hoʻopuni ʻia.
Nahuih a me ke kiko
Ua paʻakikī ʻo Kayuga e hoʻopili me nā moʻomeheo ʻē aʻe. ʻ feathersleʻele i nā lā i nā hulu ʻulaʻula. He manu nui ka nui o ka manu, nā hulu pala, nā hulu kūlohelohe e kūpono i ke kino a hana i kahi hana pale.
Kūleʻa ke kino, ke poʻo kūʻē i ke kua o ke kino heʻuʻuku, hakakā. Beak - ʻeleʻele, nā maka - ke aniani, ʻeleʻeleʻeleʻele. ʻO ka duck kahi pākeke maikaʻi i hoʻonui ʻia, nā paʻa a me ka paʻa. Ua kū ka ʻili, ʻo ka nui, hoʻololi i ke kūlana i ka neʻe.
ʻO ka ʻāʻī kiʻekiʻe huli i kahi beak, i kala ke ʻano ma ke ʻano o ke ʻano ʻo Kayug. I nā kāne he ʻōmaʻomaʻo a ʻoliva paha, i nā wahine he ʻeleʻele, ʻeleʻele uliuli. Hoʻokaʻā ʻia ke ʻāʻī, kūlohelohe, piʻi ma ka poʻohiwi me kahi pāāo ʻike ʻia.
ʻO ka paona o nā kāne pālō e hiki aku i ka 4-5 kg, nā wahine - ʻoi aku ma mua o 3 kg. Hoʻopili ʻia nā ʻīlio a pepehi ʻia i nā makahiki he 2 no ka mea, inā ʻaʻole i hoʻomaka ʻia ka molting hou a hiki ʻole ke kaʻina hana o ka ʻoki ʻana i ke kupapaʻu.
Kāleka
Ma ka ʻōlelo maʻamau, ʻeleʻele ka pupuʻo Kayuga i ka waihoʻoluʻu, e hāloi i ke kino, pupu a me nā lima. I ke kukui mālamalama, loaʻa i nā hulu ka metallic sheen metala a ʻōmaʻomaʻo paha. Paʻi maoli ka manu i ka lā, ʻoi aku ka nani o ka nani.
ʻO ka pālahalaha o nā kala e hilinaʻi ana i ka wahine o ka pālolo. No ka laʻana, ʻoi aku ka mau kāne i loko o ke aniani i nā aniani uliuli, aʻo nā wahine i loaʻa i kahi hue ʻono hohonu. ʻO ke kuʻekuʻe pinepine ʻole ka ʻike pinepine i ka ʻaoʻao o luna o ke kino, ua lohi loa ia i lalo i kona mau wāwae.
Kumuhana
ʻOiai ʻo kāna huahana nui, ulu nui ka moa i ka heihei mahele. Hoʻopili ʻia kēia hiʻohiʻona me ka hele ʻana o ka ʻeleʻele keʻokeʻo a me ka popo hulu manu, a e hoʻopilikia maikaʻi ʻia ka noi no nā huahana o ka ʻi. Eia naʻe, ʻike ka mea hānai lapaʻau ʻoiaʻiʻo ʻaʻole i ka haʻahaʻa o ka momona haʻahaʻa i ka ʻiʻo, akā aia nō hoʻi kona hopena maikaʻi ma ke kino o ke kanaka:
- ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ke kūlana o ka lauoho a me nā kui.
- ka pale ʻana o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā kaʻina hana kūlohelohe o ka ʻili,
- ka hoʻomaikaʻiʻana i ka kūwili ʻana,
- ka hana ʻana i nā huʻā me nā mea laʻala mai ke kino,
- ka hoʻōho kumu o nā hana endocrine a me nā mea ulu o ke kikowaena,
- hoʻonui i ka pae hemoglobin.
Hoʻomaopopo nā kauka i ke hoʻohana ʻana i kēia huahana i ka meaʻai no nā poʻe i loaʻa i ka maʻi mellitus, ka ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū, ka osteoporosis a me ke kanesa, ʻo nā wahine hoʻi i ka wā o ka gestation a me nā umauma.
ʻO ka paona nui loa o kahi pākeke kāne he 4 kg, a he wahine - 3 kg. Pono e laha ʻia nā manu hānai ʻia i ka makahiki ʻaʻole e ʻoi aku ma mua o 60 mau lā ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke hoʻololi ʻana o ka uhi hulu manu. Hoʻokahi wahine wahine i kēlā me kēia makahiki a hiki i 150 huaʻai. ʻAʻoleʻoi aku ka nui o hoʻokahi hua i ka 100 g. Ua lawa kēia nui no ke kūʻai aku a no nā holoholona ʻōpio. ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona o ka hua manu ka mua o ke kala ʻeleʻele o ka ʻumi, ʻo nā huahana a pau ma hope nā wahi kala o kahi pua ʻalaʻula.
Hoʻohālikelike ʻia ka pāmole e kona kūpilikiʻi. Pono nā manu e nānā liʻiliʻi a mālama pono. Makemake nā manu i ka neʻe ʻana ma o nā wahi me nā wai kokoke i nā wahi kai kūlohelohe liʻiliʻi. Ke nele o nā muliwai a me nā loko, ʻōlelo ʻo nā loea i ka hana ʻana i kahi wahi kūlele no kaʻauʻau. Hoʻolālā ʻia kahi pāpala ma loko o ka wahi hele, kahi e mālama ai i ka ua nui mai ka ua nui a me ka lā wela.
No ka hoʻoilo, pono e hoʻomākaukau i nā mea nona kahi lumi mahana i kahi e hoʻokaʻawale ai ka mahana ma lalo o + 5 °. Hiki i nā manu ke ʻae i nā palu liʻiliʻi a me ka loli maoli i ka mahana, akā ma nā kūlana ʻoluʻolu hiki iā lākou ke mālama i nā huahana kū i ka makahiki. I mea e pale ai i ka hōʻiliʻili o nā kalapona, manaʻo nā loea e hoʻokomo i kahi ʻōnaehana pono kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe e hiki ke hōʻoia pono i ka kahe mau o ka wai hou i loko o ka lumi. E like me ka litter material, sawdust, pā mauʻu a me ka lau maloʻo hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia. Ke hoʻomaka nei i kēlā me kēia 2 pule, pono e hoʻonohonoho i kahi hoʻomaʻemaʻe maʻamau o ka hale me kahi loli piha o ka ʻōpala.
ʻO ka hapa waiwai o nā ducklings he mau ʻuʻuku, nā mea hānai, inu i nā kīʻaha a me nā mea i hue me nā one maikaʻi. Pono e hoʻomaʻemaʻe pono nā ipu ʻai i ka lā. ʻAʻole pāpā loa ia e haʻalele i ka meaʻai kahiko i loko o lākou. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia i kahi huahana i hoʻopili ʻia, ʻaʻole i hoʻonā wale wale ʻia i ka meaʻai, akā, ʻo ka make o ka holoholona āpau. Ma ke kanu ʻana o kēia ʻano, e piha hoʻopiha ʻia nā kīʻaha ʻana me kahi wai piha maʻemaʻe. Inā ʻaʻole i hahai ʻia nā hana maʻemaʻe a me nā hana maʻemaʻe, hiki i ka duck ke maʻi.
- huololi,
- maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi
- aspergillosis
- salmonellosis
- maʻi maʻi goiter.
ʻĀpana hana
Ke lawe nei nā kaole i nā hua 100-150 i kēlā me kēia makahiki. Ke paona nei kēlā me kēia 80-100 g. Ua ʻoi aku ka nui o nā hua ma mua o ka moa, i ka manawa mua he pelalelu lākou, akā i ka ʻumi o ka ʻumi ua lilo lākou i keʻokeʻo, me kahi pale oliva i ʻōlelo ʻia.
He paʻakikī nā hua Kayuga e kūʻai. Inā ʻaʻole e kūʻai aku kekahi mea kūʻai aku i kekahi no ka hoʻomohala ʻē aʻe i ka ʻano. I kekahi mau manawa'ē aʻe, e hoʻohana ʻia nā hua i loko o ka ʻohana o ka mea breeder i kahi ʻano kaiʻai a no ka hoʻoulu holoholona wale nō.
Hānai
No ka mālama ʻana i nā manu ma ke ʻano olakino maikaʻi, pono ka mālama pono ʻana i ka ʻai o nā manu, ʻaʻole pono ke kaupaona ʻia, akā loaʻa pū nā ʻano waiʻai pono a pau a me nā minela. ʻO ke kumu o ka papa hana kīʻaha ʻo ka hānai, nā pono palaoa, a me nā mea i hoʻohui ʻia i nā minitives mineral. Pono nā mea nona ka mālama i ka hele mau ʻana i ka meaʻai maloʻo. I loko o ka manawa o ke kauwela, e kahe a ka ʻuala, algae a me nā mea liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi e lawelawe ma ka hānai ʻana i nā manu.
ʻAʻole loaʻa nā manu e hānai ʻia e loaʻa i ka ʻai o ke calorie kiʻekiʻe wale nō, akā pū kekahi ʻia ma nā kahua i hoʻopaʻa ʻia. ʻO kaʻai ʻana o kēia mau pōpoki no 2 mau mahina he 4 o ka ʻai i ka lā. ʻO ka papa kuhikuhi maikaʻi loa no ka momona ka mea i ka palaoa, ka palaoa a me ka bale i kuke ʻia i ka waiū a i kaʻuʻī paha.
I ka hoʻoilo, me ke ʻano o nā hua palaoa, kā ʻai ʻia i nā aʻa, salala mauala a me ka silage, me nā huaola a me nā microelements, e hāʻawi ʻia i ke kino o ka manu me nā mea ʻai a pau, pono e hoʻohana ʻia.
ʻO ka ʻano kumupaʻa Kayuga a me ke ʻano ola
ʻO nā Ducks lākou iho he phlegmatic, quack infrequently, e hele mālie a nani hoʻi. Ua hele wāwae lākou, ʻaʻole hoʻomanawanui. He maikaʻi ko lākou pale ʻana, ʻaʻole ka makaʻu i nā kani kani a me ka hoʻokokoke ʻana o nā holoholona ʻē aʻe.
ʻO ka pālio Kayuga ka wiwoʻole a paʻakikī, ʻae i ke anuanu, loaʻa ke kīleʻaleʻa paʻa, ʻaʻole maʻi iki.
Hoʻopau wikiwiki ka manu i nā kūlana o ke ʻano o ke aniani, a ʻaʻole e hoʻopilikia kēlā mau hoʻololi i nā hōʻailona huahana. E makemake ana nā manu e huki i kahi māla pua, a i ka hānai ʻana, lawe koke lākou i ke kaumaha.
I ka wela, holo pinepine lākou a holo, a ma hope o nā kaʻina wai e makemake lākou e bask i ka lā. Maikaʻi wale nā hele ʻana i kēlā me kēia lā i nā manu; ʻaʻole lākou i makemake e paʻa ʻia.
Hiki iā ʻoe ke aʻo e pili ana i nā hiʻohiʻona o nā pākeke Cayuga i kēia wikiō:
Pono nā pono manu ka mālama, kaʻai maikaʻi a me ka hale maʻemaʻe. He kūʻokoʻa kēia mau manu, no laila hiki ke palekana maluhia ma kahi ākea. Hiki iā lākou ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia a ʻaʻohe kānalua o kekahi ʻaʻole e nalowale a lele paha kekahi.
Mai ka lilo ʻana o Kayugi i kahi mau kino ikaika, ʻokoʻa lākou i nā maʻi maʻi, hiki ʻole ke maʻi. Me ka noho mālie, ʻaʻole pono nā manu i ka palu; he paʻakikī i ka lawe ʻana iā lākou mai ka kūlike. No laila me nā kiko o ka huaʻaila ʻaʻohe pilikia.
ʻAno hānau
No ka loaʻa ʻana o nā hua purebred, ʻōlelo ʻo ka poʻe mahiʻai i ka kūʻai ʻana i ka hua no ka incubators a i ʻole nā ducklings subsistence i kēlā me kēia ʻohana hānai manu a mai nā mea aloha ulu. I mua o nā poʻe holomua, hiki ke loaʻa i nā holoholona ʻōpio ma ka home: loaʻa i nā peke kahi ʻano hoʻomohala hou no ka hatching seed a me ke kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o ke kuleana no nā ʻōpio hānau hou. No ka hoʻokō ʻana i ka hoʻomoʻa kūloko o nā hua, ʻaʻole pono nā kāne āpau i ʻoi aku ma mua o 7 mau wahine. Hiki i ka wahine o kēia ʻano ke pāhoʻi ʻole i ka haki i nā hua he 15 mau mea; e loaʻa i nā holoholona hou, ʻoi aku ka pono e hoʻohana i ka incubator i mea e pono ai e waiho i nā hua ʻōmaʻomaʻo māmā mai nā pupu makua. 30 lā ma hope o ka waiho ʻana i ka hua, hiki iā mākou ke manaʻo i ka hānau ʻana o nā holoholona ʻōpio.
ʻO ke ʻōpio, kahi i noho ai ka pēpē, pono noho e noho pū me kona makuahine, ma luna ona nā pilikia a pau e pili ana i ka hua. Pono nā keiki ʻōpua mai kahi incubator e hoʻonui i ka nānā a me ka mālama kūikawā. Pono e waiho i nā wīwī i kahi lumi kaʻawale me nā kumu hana pilikino o ka mālamalama a me ka wela. Ma kahi wahi kūpono, pono ʻoe e kau i nā ipu wai, i mea e leʻaleʻa nā moa. E hoʻoikaika ka lā o kēlā me kēia lā i ka lewa hou.
ʻO ka papaʻai o nā holoholona ʻōpio e pono e kulu ʻia i nā greens kālele, ke kīwī iʻa, kefir, nā ʻala kuke a me ka pauku hua manu. Pono e mālama nā mea nona nā mea ʻē aʻe i ʻole e komo i nā mea haole i loko o ka mea hānai i hiki ke ʻoka nā manu. No ka mālamaʻana i ka hoʻololi a me ka minamina o ke kō, e pono ke hoʻohui ʻia i ka calcium me ka palu ʻoluʻolu. I nā makahiki 1, hiki ke hoʻokuʻi nā pipi i ka meaʻai o nā manu makua.
Nā pono o ka hale
Noho ka ʻeka ʻo Kayuga i nā hale i ka hoʻoilo, akā e hele maʻamau no ka hele. ʻO ke kauwela ke hoʻopau lākou i ka manawa i loko, i ka manawa hou.
Pono pono no ka hale:
- E ʻoluʻolu paha ka lumi o loko.
- Hōʻike e loaʻa i nā puka makani no ka māmā, ka ea hou.
- Nā pihi ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻaoʻao o ka lumi.
- ʻO ka nui loa o ka nalo ka mea 40x50 cm.
- Mālama ʻia ka puka ʻana i ka puka e ka paepae o 8 cm i hāʻule ʻole ai nā hua a hāʻule ʻole.
- I ka mahana wela, he mahana hoʻoluʻu e 17-19 degere, i ka hoʻoilo ma kahi o 5 mau kiʻekiʻe.
- Litter i hana ʻia o ka mauʻu, pitonu, mea hoʻohui 30 cm ka laulā i hoʻokumu ʻia ma ka papahele.
- I ke kauwela, hoʻoiho ʻia ka lumi e ka lā, i ka hoʻoilo - kūlohelohe kukui.
- Hoʻomaopopo ʻia e hoʻokomo i nā kukui infrared no ka hoʻomehana ʻē aʻe.
- Pono kēlā me kēlā me kēia manu i ka mea inu wai, e kāohi ana i ka wai o ka wai.
- ʻO ka mana o ka ʻai ʻana o nā mea hānai mai nā papa, nā pono no ka hoʻohui ʻana o ka mineral.
Hoʻokomo ʻia kahi aviary ma kahi o ka hale, a i hoʻopuni ʻia kahi lole ākea. Hoʻopili ʻia, kahi pāpaʻi e hoʻopaʻa ʻia e pale i nā manu mai ka wela a me ka ua. Pono ka hale, e like me ka aviary, hoʻomaʻemaʻe i kēlā me kēia lā, inā ʻaʻole kūpaʻa nā parasit.
Hoike Mai
ʻO ka kaulana a me ke koi nui no kēia lehulehu ka mea i ulu ai ka nui o nā ʻōlelo maikaʻi a maikaʻi ʻole paha. Ke nānā nei ka poʻe mahiʻai i kahi kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o ka huahana o ka manu a me kāna hana i kūkulu ʻia no ka hatching seed, he hopena maikaʻi ia o ka pono a me ka loaʻa kālā. ʻO nā pā manu, aia ma kahi kokoke i nā loko a me nā me nā koina, e ʻike pono i ka hōʻemi nui ʻana o nā kumukūʻai kālā no ke kūʻai ʻana i nā ʻano ʻai i ʻai ʻia ma muli o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka pipi i ka meaʻai.
Ma kahi kūpono i nā kūlana o ka paʻa i hiki ke hōʻemi i ka uku o ka ducklings i kūkulu ai. Eia naʻe, ʻo ka paʻakikī o ka kūʻai ʻana i nā huahana o ka ʻiʻo ka mea nui o ka manuahi o kēia manu.
ʻO ka hiʻohiʻona koʻikoʻi o ka ʻili e hoʻemi nui i ke koi no ka huahana ʻai meaʻai.
Ma ke wikiō hou aʻe, hiki iā ʻoe ke nānā kokoke i nā ducks.
Hele a hele aku i ka wai
ʻAʻole pono ka lawehala pono wale i ka lewa hou, akā nā hele wāwae hoʻi o kēlā me kēia lā. I ka hoʻoilo, e hōʻoia e ʻae nā ka lewa i nā hele wāwae.
Inā ke kāohi ʻo Kayugi i ka mahele, a puipui iā ia me ka pā a i ʻole nā holoholona ʻē aʻe i lele mai i nā manu a makaʻu ʻole iā lākou.
I ke kauwela, ʻo ke kiʻi e pono ai kahi pākuʻi mai ka lā a me ka ua, kahi loko wai kūlohelohe. No ka laʻana, hoʻopiha i kahi pākaukau liʻiliʻi a i ʻole ʻauʻau kahiko ma ka wai. Makemake nā lopeke e holo a hoʻoilo, akā i ka hoʻoilo he ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi i ka haʻalele iki i ke kaʻina manawa i nā kaʻina wai.
Nā kai duck kai
Ke kīloi nei i nā pōpoki, ʻo ke kumu o ka meaʻai i ka mea cereal waiwai nui, e hoʻonui ai i ka ikehu o ka manu. E koho i kahi palaoa i ʻeli maikaʻi ʻia. Eia kekahi, hoʻohui i ka palaoa, ō iʻa, legumes, a me ka bale i ka papaʻa.
E hoʻolaʻa i nā metabolism, pono ʻia nā meaʻai e koi ʻia i ka meaʻai. ʻO kahi laʻana, pono ʻia kahi keke no ka waiho ʻana i nā hens, i mea no kahi puna o ka fosfor a me ka pāhare. Hoʻokumu ʻia ʻo Bran no ka hemahema o ka fiber. ʻO ka pāʻina maloʻo e lilo i kumuwaiwai hou. Ma ka papa hana o kēlā me kēia lā i nā huahana i hoʻoponopono ʻia, ʻaʻole ia ma mua o 5-10% o ka nui o ka meaʻai.
ʻO nā mea kanu a me ka hānai manuʻai, ua hōʻiliʻili ʻia mai ke kauwela, kōkua i ka hoʻopau wikiwiki i ka pilikia o ke kaohi o ke kala. ʻO Alfalfa a me ka ʻūleʻa, nā hua kanu (paukena a me ka ʻūhū a hiki i 20% o ka nui o ka meaʻai) he mea pono maoli ia. Hāʻawi ʻia nā meaʻai meaʻai i nā ducks ma ka puka mua.
Hāʻawi ka paʻahana i ka hoʻopili ʻana o ka meaʻai, nā hoʻokaʻawale ʻana. ʻO ka punawai nui o nā minerala ko ka pōpoki, kaʻaina ʻai, ka ʻōpala, ka huahele, ka paʻakai. Hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia kēlā mau hiʻohiʻona i ka manawa like, ʻo ka mea nui ka mālama koʻikoʻi i nā inikua i kēlā me kēia lā.
10-15 mau lā ma mua o ka luku ʻia, kau ʻia nā koholā Kayugam i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i nā hana paʻa.
Hōʻike kauwela
I ke kauwela, aia ka paʻakai o ka Kayuga. Pono ʻo ia i kahi canopy ʻaʻole i mamao loa mai ka mea kahakumu kūlohelohe i ka hūnā i ka manawa mai ka ua a me nā hihi o ka lā. I kēia manawa, ʻai ka manu i nā ʻōpala, nā pepona, nāhelehele, ka nui o ka paona.
I ke kauwela, mālama ka mea mālama e mālama i ke kālā ma luna o ka mea i kūʻai ʻia a loaʻa ke kino momona ma hope o ka luku. ʻO ka mea nui ka nānā ʻana i nā meaʻai o ka pato, e kāpae i ka hele ʻana ma ka papa o nā mea kanu mea make, nā mea make pōʻino, nā mea haole.
E hoʻopiha i nā mea inu me ka wai maʻemaʻe a me kēlā me kēia lā e nānā i kēia manawa. I ke kauwela, hiki i ka pipi ke inu i lalo o 1 lita o ka wai. No laila, hoʻomaikaʻi i nā mea inu i ka manawa 2 i ka lā. Inā kūpaʻa a mū paha i nā paia o ka ipu inu, hoʻokaʻawale iā lākou, inā ʻole e make ka manu.
Hōʻaʻaʻano hoʻoilo
I ka hoʻoilo, ua hānai nā mea kīwī iā Kayug i ʻelua manawa i ka lā - i ke kakahiaka a i ke ahiahi. ʻO ka papa ʻai mua e pili ana i nā moena umeke a me ka malage paʻa, ʻo ka lua e pili ana i ka nui o ka ʻai i nāʻu e ʻike ʻia. E noʻonoʻo i ka 500 ml wai piha i loko o ka ipu.
ʻO ke kauwela, piʻi wikiwiki ke kīpē, no laila e hoʻonui ka poʻe puaʻa i kā lākou lā. Mālama ka lau momona momona i ka manu mai ka maloʻo nui a me ka ʻōnaehana ʻōnaehana. I ka hoʻoilo, ʻoi ke kūkulu ʻana i ka nui a ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī.
Pehea lākou e hoʻomanawanui ai i ke anuanu?
Hoʻonohonoho pono ʻia ʻo Kayugi i ka hau. I ke ana wela o +5 degere, manaʻo lākou i ka nui i loko o ka hale, ʻo ka mea nui ma ka kikowaʻa kaʻa o ka lumi. I ka hoʻoilo, hiki ke hele wāwae. E hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka ihu o ka hau a me nā lala a i ʻole ka ʻeha i hōʻeha.
Mai nā paila manuahi, e uhi i ke ala me nā mauʻu a me ka mauʻu. Hoʻemi i kou manawa hele i 30-40 mau minuke ʻelua i ka lā, e pili ana i nā kūlana o ke ʻano. Me kaʻai kūpono, ʻaʻole i emi ka nui o ke kino o Kayuga i ka hoʻoilo, heʻuʻuku ka liʻiliʻi o ka morbidity.
ʻO ka pilina a me ka lōʻihi
No ka hoʻoulu ʻana, kūʻai i nā holoholona liʻiliʻi wale nō mai ka mea hoʻouluulu ʻia i ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā palapala e pono ai. A i ʻole, aia kahi kūʻai o nā ponoizos, ʻo ia ke kumukūʻai he kauoha o ka nui i hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻia ma mua o nā ʻelele purebred o ka ʻano.
ʻO nā māla lawaiʻa Kayug:
- Pono ka pipi he 7 duck a me 1 drake.
- Hōʻalo i nā pili aloha pili ʻole, inā ʻaʻole i hala ka manawa e pau ʻole nā hua.
- Loaʻa i nā peke nā manu i hoʻomohala maikaʻi ʻia, no laila ʻaʻole pono nā pipi e lawe hou aku i ka mea lawe.
ʻ teachlelo ʻo Kayugi i nā ʻāpana e ʻauʻau a loaʻa ka ʻai i ka wai. Inā i hānau mua ʻia kekahi o nā keikikāne, e hoʻoiho koke ʻia lākou. A i ʻole, e pau ka pipi i ka haki ʻana i nā koina e koe me ka wikiwiki e hoʻoulu i nā moa i hānau ʻia. Hāpai ka cayuga i nā hua no 1 mahina, a hiki i ka 15 mau pua hatch i ka litter.
I ka nahele, ola nā polo he 10-30 mau makahiki. I ka wā e ulu ai, pepehi lākou i nā makahiki he 2 ma hope o ka momona kiʻekiʻe.
Hoʻopau ʻia ka hua liʻiliʻi
Hoʻololi ʻia ka manawa incubation mai 26 a 28 mau lā, ʻokoʻa loa - a 35 mau lā. ʻO nā manaʻo makemake nui no nā mea hoʻohalike i kūʻai i kahi incubator:
- Inā hoʻokomo ka wahine i nā 15 ducklings, a laila me ke kōkua o kahi incubator kēia mea kuhikuhi i kahi kauoha o ka kiʻekiʻe.
- No ka incubation, e hoʻohana ʻia nā hua me ka hue ʻōmaʻomaʻo māmā, kahi e hōʻike ai ka ʻōpala o ka hen i kau ʻia.
- No kahi hua incubator o kahi papa o 14-18 mau lā i koho ʻia.
- Ma hope o ka like ʻana o nā ducklings, noho ka ulu ʻōpiopio ma luna o kahi heni waiho, lawe ʻia no kā lākou hānai.
Kūlana kumu inā hoʻohana ana i kahi incubator:
- I ka lā mua, mai hoʻohuli i nā hua, e hoʻomoʻo iā lākou i kahi ʻaoʻao i nā mahana a hiki i ka 38 tikelika.
- I nā hebedoma e hiki mai ana, e hoʻohuli i ka hua i kēlā me kēia lā mai kēlā ʻaoʻao a i kekahi ʻaoʻao i kekahi mau manawa.
- I kēlā me kēia lā, wehe i ka uhi incubator no 10 mau minuke, e hāʻawi ana i ka maloʻo maloʻo, hoʻoili kino pono.
- ʻO nā hua mahana no 26 mau lā ma kahi mahana o 37.5 degere. I ka lā 27, e hoʻemi ia i ka 37 degere a manaʻo i ka ʻano o nā pīpī i ka mālamalama.
- E hoʻoneʻe i nā pōpoki pipi i ka brooder, kahi e hina ai lākou ma lalo o ka mālama ʻana o kahi hen hina.
ʻO ka mālama ʻōpua a me ka hānai
I ka hānau ʻana o nā moa, kiaʻi i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe a me ka ʻenemi o ka hale. ʻAʻole paʻa i ka pale ʻole o nā pēpē, no laila, hiki i ka hana a nā lāʻau pili ke hoʻopau iā lākou. Hoʻopau i nā hopena o nā hana kuhi, he mea nui loa kēia i nā 4 wiki mua loa o ke ola o nā holoholona ʻōpio.
ʻO ka malama mua, nā ducklings ʻaʻole i hoʻokaʻawale i ka meaʻai, ka peck i nā mea āpau e hiki mai ana ma lalo o ko lākou mau wāwae. Hōʻoiaʻiʻo i ʻole loaʻa nā mea haole a me nā mea kanu ʻino i ka hale. Hoʻonui i nā kīʻaha inu inu e like me ka nui o nā moa i inu nui. E hoʻomākaukau i nā ipu wai ma mua kahi e aʻo ai nā ʻōpio i kaʻauʻau.
E mālama i kaʻai o nā holoholona ʻōpio. ʻO ka pahuhopu nui o ka pua mea nō e hoʻokumu i ka hoʻoili ʻana, e hoʻopono i ke kino o nā pīpī me nā huaora a me nā minela. He mea koʻikoʻi ka calcium kahi e ulu ai.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o ka meaʻai maʻamau i kēlā me kēia lā:
- oka paila kahe, paila hou,
- kefir, ka ʻeke, ka pipi, nā huahana waiū,
- hānai ʻia i ka palaoa i loko o ka palaoa
- mau lua liʻiliʻi, hoʻohui pūpū (mai nā makahiki hebedoma).
Nā maʻi
E like me nā poʻe ʻē aʻe o ka pūlea, hiki ke maʻi i ka ʻū Kayuga. ʻO nā kumu Predisposing o ka nele o nā huaora, ka hana o nā parasites e pili ana i ke kāwili ʻana o ke kaʻe kānāwai no ka mālama ʻana i nā manu, nā hemahema o ka meaʻai.
ʻO nā maʻi maʻamau loa:
- ʻO ka hapa o nā huaora. Ka hemahema o ka ʻai, no ka mea nui no ka ducklings.
- Salmonellosis. Ke hele nei ka maʻi i ka wā kamaliʻi, ua komo ka maʻi i ka ʻōnaehana ʻana me ka meaʻai.
- He maʻi maʻi maʻi. I ka pilikia ʻo nā ʻōpio ʻaʻole mau 20 mau lā mai ka hānau ʻana.
- Maʻi maʻi goiter. I waena o nā mea hoʻonāukiuki i ka ʻai maikaʻi ʻole no nā ducklings a me nā manu pākeke.
- Kauhi ʻia I ka hoʻopau - ducks a hiki i 2 mau mahina. ʻO nā hōʻailona maʻamau ke kīleʻaleʻa me nā kīnā koko, ke kumu o ka maʻi ka hana o nā parasit.
- Aspergillosis ʻO ka maʻi fungal, ka mea i hele pū ʻia e ka huni o ka ihu mai ka ihu. Hiki i kahi kanaka ke hele i kahi maʻi.
ʻO ka maʻi hope o ka hope hope he 2 he mea nui ka pilikia no ke koena o ka manu a me ka puaʻa ponoʻī iā ia iho. ʻAʻole kūpono nā manu i hoʻopilikia ʻia no ke ʻai kanaka, ua puhi ʻia ko lākou mau kino.
Loaʻa pinepine nā ʻeke Kayuga i nā maʻi, he paʻa mau ka palekana. Akā ma nā hōʻailona mua o ka maʻi, pono ka pane o ka mea mālama i ka manawa kūpono, e kipa aku i ka mea mālama holoholona, a mālama i nā holoholona holoholona ʻē aʻe.
Loaʻa a me nā hemahema o ka pā Kayuga
Hoʻonui kēia mau pālolo no ko lākou kala mua a me ka hiʻohiʻona nani, ka maluhia a me ka momona. Ke koho nei i nā ʻelele o ka ʻano ʻo Kayuga no ka hoʻoulu ʻana, mālama ka poʻe mālama i nā pōmaikaʻi nui o ka ʻano ʻano.
- ke kūpaʻa koʻikoʻi
- ke kūʻokoʻa
- ikaika pale
- kū kūʻa hau
- hopohopo ole i ka ai,
- ulu maikaʻi ʻōnaehana,
- mea ʻai nui a me nā hua hua manu,
- ola kiʻekiʻe loa o nā holoholona ʻōpiopio,
- ʻai momona, meaʻai ʻai.
He hakahaka nā ʻano ʻo ia moa o kēlā me kēia moʻo, a ua ʻokoʻa ʻole nā peke Kayuga. I kēia:
- ka ʻai ʻai haʻahaʻa
- kaumaha kaumaha kino
- hewa maikaʻiʻole o ka incubation,
- ʻāpiu ka ʻōpala ma hope o ka ʻoki ʻana,
- ʻaʻole kūʻai nā hua.
Nā Hoʻoweliweli
ʻAi aku ka lōʻihi o ke kelepona ʻōleʻAmelika i ka pāʻani, he akahele a me ka wikiwiki. ʻOiai ʻaʻole kumu kēia mau ʻano i ka hopohopo nui, e nīi malie ana kāna mau helu ma muli o ka luku mau ʻia. Manaʻo kekahi mau mea mālama e haki a me nā hoʻokūkū me nā kaʻo mallard e lilo i kumu kumu no ka hopohopo e hoʻomau i ka emi ʻana (Rhymer & Simberloff 1996, Rhymer 2006). ʻAʻole hoʻi he mākaʻikaʻi ka nui o ka lana ʻana, ma muli o ke koho kūlohelohe, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā poʻe i kūpono. Akā ʻo ka male haʻahaʻa o nā wahine honu i hope loa i ka hāʻule ʻana o nā polu he nui, no ka mea e make ka hua ma mua o ka hānau ʻana. Inā ʻaʻole kēia pilikia i kahi mallard nui, a laila no ka lehulehu o ʻAmelika blackard mallard e kūkulu hou i ke koʻikoʻi.