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ʻO nā cichlids o Lake Lake ma Tanganyika ua aloha nui ʻia e nā aquarist ma muli o ka ʻokoʻa o ka waihoʻoluʻu a me kā lākou ʻano. ʻO nā hua cichlids o Malawi a me Tankanyika hana hou a maʻalahi pono e kuhi i nā pūkau. ʻO nā wahine o nā cichlids Malawani e lawe i nā hua i loko o kā lākou waha.
Ke hoʻomau nei ka huli ʻana i ka iʻa aku i ka wai i loko o ka wai aku, akā ʻaʻole kēia manawa i loko o nā kahawai me nā muliwai, akā ma Great Lakes of Africa - Tanganyika a me Nyasa (ka inoa hou no ka ozyoa ʻo Nyasa ʻo Malawi).
Nā kiʻi pseudotrophyus zebra
ʻIke ʻia ka iʻa ma ka hohonu, akā no ka mau aku i ʻike ʻia lākou ma ka hohonu a hiki i 15 m, ʻoi loa ka kokoke i nā mokupuni ma waena o nā pōhaku (hohonu hohonu a ke noho ʻana i loko o ka iʻa wai ma ka hapanui o nā hihia ʻaʻole loa nā kala). Ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā mokupuni mai kēlā me kēia nui e nā kino wai nui, ʻaʻole lawa ka poʻe noho e halihali iā lākou. No laila, ua loaʻa kēlā me kēia mokupuni i kona iho ichthyofauna me nā ʻano like ʻole o ka ʻāpana iʻa. No ka laʻana, ka pseudotrophyus zebra i ʻehā mau ʻano o ka waiho ʻana - beled, ʻanuʻu, uliuli, a me ka poni (ua puka hou mai ka ʻano albino ma nā mea kanu).
ʻAi lākou i ka monoton. ʻO ke kumu o kā lākou meaʻai ke algae, kahi i uhi ʻia e nā pōhaku waiʻuʻu.
ʻO ka lawaiʻa ma nā loko ʻo Malawi a ʻo Tanganyika ua hoʻopilikia nui ʻia, no ka mea, ua loaʻa nā crocodiles a me nā hippos i loko o ka nui, loaʻa nā loko iʻa nui. Aia kekahi hihia i ka hānai ʻia e kekahi mea hānai manu, hiki ke hoʻoulu i ka wai. Pono e aloha ʻo Aquarists iā Pierre Brihard a me nā kāne ʻo Peter lāua ʻo Henny Davis, e hopu mau ana a hoʻouna i nā iʻa i nā ʻāpana a pau o ka honua. Hoʻohana maikaʻi ka Brihard i ka manesthesin no ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana. Aia kahi paahana maʻalahi ma kahi pulu vinyl a me kahi uipa. Hoʻokomo ka ʻeneki i kahi dosis i nā lāʻau hiamoe i loko o ke kahele - a ʻo ka iʻa ua hiamoe ka liuliu e puka koke mai ana mai.
ʻ speaklelo ka ʻōlelo aʻo no kēia mau māka no lākou iho. .
Lake Malawi | ooh. Tanganyika |
Apana, km 2 | 30600 | 34000 |
Kaumaha, m | 740 | 1500 |
? Ano o ka wai (pH) | 7,7−8,6 | 8,6−9,2 |
ʻO ka nui o nā mea e noho ana i ka loko | 417 | 217 |
komo me cichlid | 375 | 150 |
ʻO ka nānā ʻana i ke ʻano o nā cichlids o nā loko ʻo Malawi a me Tanganyika, manaʻo ʻia e hana ʻia kēia mau iʻa no ka mālama ʻana i nā iʻa. He kūleʻa lākou, hoʻohuli koke i nā kūlana hou, pale i ka maʻi, hiki ʻole i ka meaʻai, ʻaʻole pono ke kiʻekiʻe, e hoʻoulu hou i ka ʻāpana i loko o ia mea. Akā ʻo ʻoe e ʻike i ka iʻa ʻaʻole ʻae i ka wai palupalu a me nā hopena acidic. ʻO ka wai me ka koʻikoʻi o 10 a 20 ° i ka pH o 7 a 8.5 mau wai, nui he loko me kahi nui o nā keʻena a me kahi mahana o 25 ° ke kūlana kūpono no ka iʻa.
I ka mālama ʻana i nā cichlids, pono e uku ʻia i kā lākou mau hiʻohiʻona ʻano, no ka mea, ua nui ka manaʻo o ka "harem".
Loaʻa pinepine ma waena o nā kāne o nā ʻano like ʻole a ke aloha kūwaho. Noho nā ʻōiwi like ʻole i ka maluhia a me ka ʻoluʻolu.
I ka hoʻonui pinepine ʻana, hiki i kekahi ke lohe i ka manaʻo e loaʻa nā cichlids mai nā loko o Malawi a me Tanganyika, e like me nā cichlids tropical maʻamau, e mālama ʻia i loko o ka pākana kiʻekiʻe, a ʻaʻole pono e kau ʻia nā wahi i ka lalo, akā i loko o ke ʻano o ka lālama mai ka lepo a i ka alo. Me kēia mea hoʻonaninani, noho paʻa ka iʻa me ka ʻole o ka neʻe ʻana mai ka wahi mai o lākou wahi.
ʻO ka hana hou i nā cichlids o Malawi a me Tanganyika
Hoʻokomo nā wahine o kekahi mau ʻano hua i nā hua a me ka ʻalī i loko o kā lākou waha, aʻo kekahi mau mea e waiho i nā hua ma kahi pā. Inā ma ka moina mua he maʻalahi ke hoʻoholo ʻana ua hiki i ka spawning ma ke ala a ka wahine e hoʻāʻo e hoʻolalelale a "ʻōlohelohe ʻia" mau hua, a laila ma ka lua o ke ʻano ke hiki ke aʻo e pili ana i ka pīhoihoi wale o ka pānaʻi o ke kime a i ʻole ke kau ʻana o ka palaoa i nā pōhaku. ʻAʻole kū ka poʻe hoʻopuka ma luna o ka caviar, e hoʻopiʻi i kāna mau uku, e like me ka mea ma mua o kā mākou ʻike ʻana i waena o nā cichlids, akā pale wale nō iā ia mai nā pōpilikia hiki, i ka hoʻopilike ʻana me nā mea āpau e manaʻo nui ai.
Hoʻi Lake Malawi
ʻO ka manawa hānai o ka hua i loko o ka cichlids o Lake Lake, e hali ana i ka waha, mai 18 a 45 mau lā. Hoʻokuʻu ʻia ka 10-12 mm aʻaʻai i hiki ke ʻai i nā kūpeʻe liʻiliʻi. 15 mau lā ma hope o ke kahakaha ʻana, hopu ʻia ka wahine a hoʻopili ʻia i loko o ka hale hoʻonaʻauao 50-lita me kahi haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa wai i lawe ʻia mai loko mai o ka ipu wai maʻamau, me kāna hoʻopiha nui ʻana me ka oxygen. ʻAʻole ʻai ka wahine i ka wā o ka inkubation. Hoʻokō ka mea hoʻouluulu manuahi i ka wahine, ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻoi ka ʻai i ka caviar. I kēia manawa ua hoʻomohala ʻo aquarist i kēia ʻano hana no ka hoʻoulu ʻana i nā cichlids: lawe ʻia ka hua manu mai ka wahine ma kahi pae mua o ka hoʻomohala ʻana. Me kēia hana maʻalahi, e lilo ai ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻano ʻano.
ʻO ka moa, ka mea e hoʻoulu ai i ka hoʻomoʻa ma ka puʻupuʻu, he liʻiliʻi, akā me nā mea kūlohelohe o kahi wahine. Hoomau mau aku lākou i ka mea i make, ʻoi aku ka nui o lākou i ka nui.
Hoike ʻike
Hiki ke kapa ʻia nā cichlids no ʻAmelika iʻa i ka iʻa ʻano wai maikaʻi loa. ʻAʻohe hui āpau i like me ia ʻano waihoʻoluʻu like ʻole. Loaʻa ka nui o nā holoholona i loaʻa i ka nui o nā Lūkini Nui Aferika - Malawi (Nyasa) a me Tanganyika. Ua lilo kēia mau wai līkika kahiko i kahi kikoʻī. He hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā noho a me nā kūlana ola kūikawā i alakaʻi ʻia i ka nui o nā ʻano iʻa he nui.
Kāleka
ʻO ka hiʻohiʻona, ʻokoʻa mau ka cichlids o ʻAmelika. ʻO ka pinepine ka loaʻa ʻana i kahi kino elongated. Hoʻoulu maikaʻi ʻia ka lipal a nā dinsal fins, i nā kāne maʻamau i ka lōʻihi. No kekahi mau ʻano (no ka laʻana, me ka frontosis), ka ʻano nui o ka ulu ʻana o ka momona ma ke poʻo.
ʻO ka waihoʻoluʻu i nā hapanui o nā ʻano lole he nani a hopuʻi. ʻAe i kēia i nā cichlids ʻAmelika e hoʻomaopopo i kā lākou mau hoahānau mai kahi mamao. ʻO ka mea mua, no nā mea hoʻonaʻauao kiʻekiʻe o nā cichlids o Aferika, ua mahalo ʻia lākou e nā aquarist a puni ka honua. Hoʻohui i nā kala kūlohelohe, loaʻa nā mea lawe i nā ʻano like ʻole like ʻole i loaʻa i ke kaola aku.
ʻAlaau ʻo Haplochromis. Kāleka
Hoʻaiho
ʻO ka hapa nui o nā cichlids no Aferika e hoʻopili ʻia ma ka ʻaoʻao hikina o ka ʻEle. Hiki i nā ʻokoʻa nui ka ʻike ʻia ma nā Great Africa Lakes - Malawi (Nyasa), Tanganyika, Victoria a me nā mea ʻē aʻe he nui nā ʻano hemo a ʻaʻole i noho i nā wahi o ka honua. ʻO nā ʻano ʻāpana o nā loko, ʻike ʻia nā ʻano ka muliwai. Ke manaʻoʻiʻo ʻia nei nā ʻohana cichlids mai loko mai i ka lawena lawaiʻa migratory, i hōʻoiaʻiʻo ʻia ma ka hiki ʻana o kekahi mau ʻano like ʻole i ka paʻakai ulu.
Iloko o ka honua o ka loko Malawi
Aulonokara
ʻO ʻAulonocaras, a i ʻole ʻAmelika ʻAmelika, e ʻaole loa a Lake Malawi (Nyasa). E makemake i nā kapuwai lole.
Hoʻopili ke kino, lōʻihi ke poʻo, lōʻihi ka lōʻihi o ka dorsal. Aia nā recesses i kau ʻia ma ke poʻo, ka mea e hoʻokaʻawale iā lākou mai nā cichlids ʻē aʻe. ʻĀnō, ʻo ia ke ʻano loiloi. ʻO nā ʻōpiopio'ōpio a me nā wahine o kēia cichlids Malawian ke kapa ʻulaʻula loa: he kino hina me nā ʻōpala uliuli a me nā pupu. Eia naʻe, ʻo ka hānai ʻana o nā kāne e hoʻololi i ko lākou kala i ke uliuli a ʻulaʻula paha me kahi paila metaly. He uliuli a polū paha nā peʻa. Ma ka anal anal, ʻeleʻele a i ʻole nā melemele i ʻike ʻia. No ka iʻa ʻauhala māmā i nā ʻāina ʻōlelo Pelekane, kapa ʻia ʻo "peacock cichlid." ʻO ka nui o kēia cichlid Malawian ma loko o ka aquarium he 8-20 cm.ʻO kahi aquarium nui o 80 lita no kēlā me kēia kāne e pono ai no ka mālama pono.
ʻO ke kumu o ka meaʻai meaʻai nā holoholona. Ke ʻimi nei i ka iʻa, i kekahi manawa e hoʻokaʻawale ai ka iʻa me ka ʻole e neʻe ma luna o ka pā, a me ke kōkua o nā pu i nā hāmeʻe hopu lākou i nā neʻe liʻiliʻi o ka invertebrates ma lalo o ka ʻāina, a ma hope o ka mea koke lākou i ka mea pio.
ʻO nā mea kaulana nui o nā cichlids Malawi no ka mālama ʻana i ka loko aku i ka mōʻīwahine ʻo Nyasa, ka Aulaokara violet a me Aulonkara Mailanda.
Ma lalo o nā kūlana kūpono, noho nā aulonocars i loko o kahi hale aku iā 8 mau makahiki.
ʻSelelo Pseudotrophy
ʻO Pseudotrophies, e like me ka aulonocars i loaʻa wale ma Lake Malawi. Noho lākou i waena o nā pōhaku pōhaku, nā pōhaku a me nā mākaukau. No lākou ka pūʻulu "Mbuna", i unuhi e like me ka "noho ma nā pōhaku."
I loko o ka lāʻau, ua hele pinepine lākou i ka nui o 10-12 cm. ʻO ke kino o ke kino o nā mea kūlohelohe maʻamau i ka poli-ʻeleʻele. Eia nō naʻe, i ka moʻomeheu aquarium hiki ke loaʻa i kahi ʻano kala ākea nui. ʻO ke kumu o ke ʻai he algae, kahi i ʻoki ʻia ka iʻa mai nā pōhaku me ke kōkua o nā niho grater. Ke mālama ʻia i loko o kahi kaakui, pono e noʻonoʻo pono ai kēia. ʻO ka hānai lōʻihi lōʻihi i ka hānai holoholona wale nō e alakaʻi i nā pilikia digestive.
No ka mālama pono ʻia, pono ʻoe i ka hāpona mai 100 pānaʻi i pālua.
E pili i nā cichlids Malawian, incubating caviar i loko o ka waha waha. Mālama kēia i ke ola nui o ka pou.
Nā ʻelele kaulana: Pseudotrophy pendani (Sokolof), Pseudotrophy paw paw, Pseudotrophy Demasoni.
ʻSelelo Pseudotrophy
Melanochromis
ʻO ka inoa o ke ʻano ʻano genus mai ka Latin "melanochromis", ʻo ia ke "ʻulaʻula." Ma kēia hihia, ke kamaʻilio nei mākou e pili ana i ka nui o ka pōʻeleʻele, kahi ʻeleʻele e pili ana i nā ʻeleʻeleʻeleʻele o ke kala o nā pākeke. ʻAʻohe mau kaula ākea o ka iʻa, ʻelua wale nō nā pōhā. I nā kāne kāne ʻelemakule pili, hele pinepine ka loko o ke kala - kūlohelohe nā ʻōuliʻeleʻele a ʻokoʻa hoʻi. Hana kēia i ka makahiki 6-7 mahina.
ʻO ka iʻa kai Melanochromis, ʻoi aku kekahi mau mea (ʻo ka mea kanu mea pono a pau i ka hapalua o ka ʻai).
No ka mālama i kahi pūʻulu o nā iʻa, kahi aquarium o 100 lita a iʻoi aku ka pono. ʻOi aku ka nui o ka hale ʻona, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi. He ʻāpana teritorial ka iʻa, no laila he mea nui ka nui o nā hale.
He maʻalahi ka male, ʻaʻole ia e koi i kahi hana hou. Hoʻokomo ʻia ʻo Caviar i loko o ka waha.
Nā ʻelemaka kaulana: Melanochromis gula, Melanochromis Johani, Melanochromis chipoka.
Melanochromis
ʻĀina
Noho ka iʻa ma kēia loko o ka Lake Tanganyika. A hoʻohālikelike ʻia kahi ʻano biotope maʻamau e pili ana i ka hiʻohiʻona maʻamau o ka pūʻulu ʻo Malawian Mbuna. He liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi ka mea kanu, he 6 mau mea wale nō. Aia ka inoa o ka pūʻulu mai ka huaʻōlelo Helene "trophos", ʻo ia hoʻi "hoʻonaʻauao" a hōʻike i kahi ala o ka lawe ʻana i ka pī i ka pu a waha, ʻano o nā ʻano like ʻole.
No ka ʻāina kūloko, ʻaʻole i loaʻa ka waiwai nui o ka mokupula o kāna ʻano, akā he mea hoihoi loa i kā lākou lei.
ʻO kēia mau cichlids nā Tanganyika herbivorous, hoʻohui ʻia ka waha no ka ʻoka ʻana i nā algae mai nā pōhaku.
Ukiuki wale nā pīpī, no laila, ʻo ka nui o ka aquarium kahi koho maikaʻi loa no ka mālama. I mea e hoʻokaʻawale ai i ka hoʻouka ʻana, pono e pono i nā ʻohana o 13-15 kanaka, no laila ʻo ka liʻiliʻi aku i hoʻokaʻawale aku ka wai aku no kēia mau Tanganyiki cichlids he 300 lita. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi inā paʻakikī ka wai a me ka alkaline, pono ke mālamaʻia ka mahana ma 24-26 ° C.
Nā Lunamakaainana kaulana: Star Trophy, Trophy Moore.
ʻĀina
ʻOmākela
Endema a Lake Tanganyika. ʻAʻohe iʻa he mālamalama māmā, akā he inconspicuous, i nā kala pastel. ʻO ka hoihoi i nā mea aquarist e hana nui ʻia ma muli o ke ʻano hoihoi, kahi ala ʻokoʻa o ka hoʻohua a me ka mālama ʻana i nā hua. Maʻa maʻalahi ka iʻa e mālama a pono ʻole i nā mea kanu.
I loko o ka mea kanu i ulu mai 2 a 10 cm.
Ma ko mākou ʻāina, ua kapa ʻia kēia mau cichlids Tanganyika i ka "shellfish." ʻO kēia ke kumu o ka loaʻa ʻana o ke ola holoʻokoʻa o ka lamprologists i hoʻopili pū ʻia me ka hakahaka o nā ʻōpū o ka gastropods (ampullaria, ʻoka saneils, etc.). ʻO ka punawai ka mea i lilo ai ka puʻu a he wahi no ka spawning.
ʻO ke ʻano kula, mālama maikaʻi ma nā pūʻulu. No kēia mau cichlids o Tanganyika, kahi aquarium o 40 lita no kēlā me kēia mea kūpono. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi e koho i kahi lepo wai. Pono e waiho i kahi nui o nā pupu manu ʻole i nā nui like ʻole i ka loko aku, ʻo ka iʻa ʻo lākou iho e koho i kahi kūpono.
Hoʻokomo ʻia ʻo Caviar i loko o ka pūpū, nā mea ʻona e hūnā ana ma ka hōʻailona mua o ka pōʻino. ʻO ka pinepine, noho ka hanauna kahiko me nā mākua.
Nā ʻelemaka kaulana: Lamprologus Ophthalmic, lamprologus Leona, Simrologis lamprologus.
ʻOmākela
Yulidochromis
Nā kānaka Kanaka o ka Lake Tanganyika. Hōʻike ʻia kēia mau iʻa i ka maluhia e kahi ʻano kino elongated a me ke poʻo i kuhikuhi. ʻO ka waha haʻahaʻa, dorsal fin lōʻihi a lōʻihi loa. Ma ke kino ke loaʻa nā pua, ka nui o nā kala a me nā ʻano e hiki ke hoʻololi i ka noho. Loaʻa nō hoʻi i kahi nui o nā hua hoʻopuʻi. ʻO kēia mau cichlids Tanganyika he phlegmatic, hiki iā ia ke hoʻokuʻi i kahi manawa lōʻihi i ka pose, kahi e hoʻoweliweli pinepine ai i ka mea nona, akā ʻaʻole ʻoe e hopohopo i kēia, ʻo ia ʻano ʻano hana wale nō ka hopena i ka lehulehu.
Hiki i ka ola olakino i loko o ka mea kanu ke hiki i 10-12 mau makahiki.
Maʻalahi ʻole ka hoʻoili ʻana, he hiki ke nui i loko o ka pōʻaiapuni ākea a me ka spawning.
Nā ʻano kaulana: Julidochromis Regani, Julidochromis Dickfield, Julidochromis Marlier.
Yulidochromis
ʻO ka mālama a me ka mālama
ʻO ka hapa nui o nā cichlids no ʻAmelika he nui, a laila nui nā aquariums e mālama i kēia mau iʻa - mai ka 100-250 lita no hoʻokahi. Makemake ka iʻa i ka wai maʻemaʻe, waiwai i ka oxygen, no laila e pono e hoʻonohonoho i ka filtration kiʻekiʻe a me ka average. E like me ka lepo, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi e hoʻohana i nā ʻōpala nui. ʻO kēia no ka nui o nā cichlids no Aferika makemake e eli ka lepo a, ma o ka haʻaleleʻole, hiki iā ia ke hoʻolalelele i kahi pōhaku liʻiliʻi. I ka hoʻolana ʻana i kahi pāpona, ua hoʻohaki pinepine nā pōhaku kūlohelohe i ka biotopes pōhaku kūlohelohe. Pono e hoʻokumu i kahi nui o nā pā hale e hiki ai i nā mea nāwaliwali ke hūnā mai nā hōʻeuʻeu o nā hoalauna ʻoi loa.
Nā ʻāpana o nā ʻāina
Aia ka ʻona iʻa ma nā wahi kūlohelohe, no laila aia nā cichlids i Aferika i thermophilic. Pono e mālama i ka mahana o ka aquarium i ka pā o 24-27 ° C. He ʻokoʻa nā ʻōhua wai i nā loko, no laila, e hana i nā kūlana ʻoluʻolu, pono e ʻike i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o kekahi ʻano.
Lake Malawi: pH = 7.0-8.0, ʻūʻī 10-18 dGH.
Lake Tanganyika: pH = 8.0-9.0, ʻūwī 10-25 dGH.
Ke mālama nei i nā cichlids no Aferika, mai haʻalele i nā hoʻololi wai wai pule, pono e hana lākou i 30% o ka nui o kaʻu aku.
Kūkū maikaʻi nā cichlids no Africa i nā mea ola ola. E wāwahi lākou i nā lau a hoʻomaumaha i ke aʻa. Inā makemake ʻoe i ka kanu i nā greens kūlohelohe, a laila ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka mālama ʻana i nā ʻano anubias o nā ʻano lāʻau anubias (hiki i nā mea kanu palupalu ke ulu me ke kanu ʻole i ka māla).
ʻO nā cichlids o loko o ʻAmelika iʻa ka iʻa kaulana loa i ka hoʻolālā ʻana o kahi wai i loko o ke ʻano o ka "pseudo-sea".
Kūlike
ʻO nā cichlids o nā loko ʻAmelika he iʻa he territorial. Pono e mālama i kēia manawa i ke koho ʻana i nā hoalauna i loko o ka hale kai aku maʻamau.
Kokoke like nā cichlids o Lake Malawi me kekahi i kekahi, akā pono e nānā kekahi mau kānāwai i ka wā e mālama ai:
- ʻO ka mea mua, pono e hōʻoia i ka nui o ka nui o ka loko aku a me ka nui o nā pā.
- ʻO ka lua, hiki ke mālama ʻia nā iʻa like like me ka nui o ka nui like ʻole, no ka mea, hiki i nā mea koho hewa ke hoʻonāukiuki i ka wai ʻaole.
- ʻO ke kolu, pono nā Mālama e mālama ʻia i mau pālua a hui pū paha me kahi nui o nā wahine.
- Ma ka hope loa, ʻaʻole i koho ʻia kēia pūʻulu cichlids i noho kamaʻilio ʻana no ka iʻa mai ka Lake Tanganyika a me ʻAmelika Hema, ma muli o nā kūlana like ʻole.
ʻO ka mea pōʻino, ʻo kēia mau lula he hāʻawi ʻole i ka 100% hōʻoia o ka cohabitation o nā ʻano, no ka mea he ʻano kiʻekiʻe ko lākou ʻano iʻa a hoʻokahi ʻano ʻano, no laila, ʻo ka wānana ke ʻano he hana paʻakikī loa ia.
Akuarium ʻAmelika cichlids
Noho paha kekahi o nā ʻohana ʻē aʻe me nā cichlids o Aferika i loko o kahi pākahi maʻamau. No ka laʻana, nā malihini kipa pinepine i loko o cichlids: nā huaʻa shark, nā labeos nui, nā loko nui (pterigoplichitis, synodontis, etc.)
Wahi a kaʻikepili, me nā mea liʻiliʻi, a me ka honu, ua lilo ia i mea ʻai no nā cichlids kaulana.
ʻO kahi kumu hoʻohālikelike o ka cichlid ʻAmelika i ka lem labidochromis lemon (cichlid melemele, hummingbird cichlid). ʻO kēia ʻano aloha aloha e hoʻopili pū me ka iʻa me nā ʻāpana ʻoluʻolu maluhia a hōʻike wale i ka hōʻeuʻeu kiʻekiʻe ma ka wā o ka lawaiʻa.
Hānai
ʻO ka hānai kūpono ʻo nā cichlids no Aferika i pili i nā ʻano kikoʻī.I loko o kēlā hui like ʻole, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i nā mea e ʻai ai i ka ʻai ʻana i nā iʻa, nā iʻa a me nā ʻōpū, a me nā mea kanu (ʻo Malawi cichlids o ka pūʻulu Mbuna). Koho pono ka mea ʻai holoholona e like me ke ʻano o ko lākou ʻano meaʻai. ʻO ka koho maikaʻi loa no cichlids ka mea maikaʻi loa ka hānai mai Tetra. ʻO nā mea āpau āpau a piha me ka pae kaulike, ua hana ʻia mai nā mea waiwai kiʻekiʻe a ʻike i nā hiʻohiʻona maikaʻi o nā pūʻulu o nā iʻa. Ma ka palena ʻo ka meaʻai ʻo Tetra Cichlid hiki iā ʻoe ke koho maʻalahi i ka meaʻai kūpono no nā ʻano ʻano cichlids o ʻAmelika, me ka mea i loaʻa i nā ʻano like ʻole: cereal, chips, granules, lāʻau. ʻOi paha ia no nā cichlids Malawian, kahi mea hānai me kahi kiʻekiʻe o ka maʻi alavine o spirulina - Tetra Malawi - ua hoʻomohala ʻia.
ʻAno hānau
ʻAʻole paʻakikī ka hoʻoponopono hou ʻana o ka hapa nui o nā ʻano cichlids o Aferika i loko o ka mea aku. Eia kekahi, spawning spawning i loko o ka hale hoʻokaʻina maʻamau i ka wā e hoʻokumu ai i nā kūlana ʻoluʻolu ʻaʻole maʻamau. Malia paha, hiki i nā hoalauna wale ma loko o ke kaona ke hiki i ka pilikia, no ka mea i ka manawa spawning a ʻo nā ʻōmaʻomaʻo maluhia o nā cichlids i lilo i mau mea kūwaho, me ka mālama pono ʻana i kā lākou hua.
Hoʻokomo pinepine ʻia ka caviar ma luna o nā ʻāpana ākea: nā pōhaku, nā lau kanu, nā aniani o ka aquarium. ʻO nā iʻa laprologus e waiho wale i nā hua manu i nā hakahaka manu o ka gastropod mocusks, no laila, e hānai i kēia iʻa i ka aquarium, pono e hōʻiliʻili i nā ʻu. He nui nā cichlids no Aferika e lawe i nā hua ma ka puʻe waha. Eia kā ia e kūkulu ai i ka palekana palekana mai nā ʻenemi. He ʻano ʻano koʻikoʻi nā kaila i ka iʻa. Aia ke ʻike i nā hihia i ʻaihue ʻia nā kāne i nā hua mai nā kuʻuna ʻē aʻe a mālama pono iā ia.
Tilapia me ka palaoa
Ma hope o ka ʻike ʻia o ka palaoa, ʻaʻole nalowalani ke ʻano, a no kekahi manawa mau ka ʻōpiopio e hūnā i ka waha o ka wahine i ka hōʻailona mua o ka pōpilikia.
He nui nā cichlids no ʻAmelika e monogamous a hana i mau pālua paʻa no ke ola. Noho kekahi mau holoholona (lamprologi) i nā kaiāulu. E hui pū kekahi mau hanauna o nā iʻa i kēlā me kēia, i hoʻomaka i ka hoʻokumu ʻana i ko lākou mau ʻohana a noho ma kahi kokoke.
ʻO ka cannibalism o ka palaoa ka mea maʻamau i waena o nā cichlids, no laila, i ka ulu ʻana o ka iʻa, pono lākou e ʻano ʻia me ka nui.
Kanikihike:
- ʻO T r o p h e u s he ʻano o ka iʻa maʻa e ulu ana i loko o kahi māla home a hiki i 12-15 cm. ʻO ka inoa o nā ʻanoʻano ʻano hōʻike i ka hoʻohālikelike o nā hua hua i ka waha. He aniani ke aniani o Trophyus, ʻokoʻa ke kino a lōʻihi ke kiʻekiʻe, ʻaʻole lākou wikiwiki i ka ʻikepili a hui pū me kekahi ʻano ʻano cichlids (Malawia a me nā lawaiʻa o ʻAmelika), ʻaʻole mau huhū. Hāʻawi lākou iā ʻoe a me kāu hoʻololi me ka hoʻākāka o ka mokulele no ka hiki ʻana o kēia mau iʻa aquarium maikaʻi ma Ukraine. ʻO nā mea kanu i loko o ka hale kanu ka mea makemake ʻia i nā kūlohelohe, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke ana o nā pōhaku, nā boulders a me nā ʻano he nui. Ma ka hānai, ʻaʻole ʻona ka iʻa - maikaʻi loa nā mea ʻai algae, ʻai pū lākou i ka mea kanu a me ka ai a me ka ʻai, a me ka ʻai maikaʻi me ka ʻuʻuku o ka "spirulina".
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- P e t o o f o c h r o m o s - o kēia ʻano kai i kapa ʻia no ka mea o kona hūʻā i loko o ka papa keʻa lae, a me ke ʻano o ke ʻano ke kino. ʻO nā iʻa a pau o kēia ʻano i loaʻa i kahi striation kūloko o ke kino. ʻO ka iʻa o kēia mau ʻano i ka ʻano kūlohelohe hānai nui i nā ʻōpala pōhaku fouling a me nā algae. He mea ʻono maikaʻi a maikaʻi nā iʻa i loko o ka hale aku i loko o ka nutritional a i ka nānā ʻana. Keʻano paʻakikī, akā ʻaʻole kēia ka hana i ka wā e mālama ai i ka iʻa i ke kula me nā cichlids o Lake Lake. I Ukraine, mea hoihoi lākou i ka mea ʻokoʻa loa. ʻO Petrochromis, ʻaʻole pilikia ʻole i kaʻikepili, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā hoʻopiha i nā aquariums ma ko ka honua.
| | | | | - A l t o o f a m p r o l o g y o s - o ka inoa o n a c o i n a c o n a p a r o n t h e c o u n a p i c a r: p e r s o n t h e c o n t h a l a p r e f t e r s o n t h e c o n t h e c o n t h e c o n t h e c o s t a m a r a o "p a r e s t a m o. ʻO ka loko aku o nā iʻa maikaʻi no loko o ka ʻohana perch like. E like me ke kānāwai, ua ʻoi aku ka nui o nā kāne ma mua o nā wahine. ʻO ka like o ka iʻa o kēia holoholona he 6-12 cm ka lōʻihi, akā no ka mea, ʻo ka pālahalaha o ke kiʻekiʻe ke lōʻihi ka lōʻihi ma kahi o 3: 1 he iʻa ʻano nui a kaulana i ia, a he ʻano hoihoi i ka aquarium. ʻAʻole lākou e hana i nā pilikia no kāu aquarium a e kōkua iā ia i mea hou aʻe.
| | | - J j l l i d o c h r o m i s - e noho ana kēia iʻa i ka iam a n g u o c i t u n h a n g h e la u d a s c h i t u me la. Hele mai ka inoa mai loko mai o ka iʻa moana Julidids - he like ʻole kēia mau ʻano ʻelua. He puʻuwai maikaʻi loa lākou a me nā pua. Hoʻopili ʻia ke kino a me ka oval, a ua lōʻihi nā paʻi dorsal a ua loaʻa ma mua o 20 mau laha. Belong i ka ʻohana like paha. I ka lōʻihi, ulu nā iʻa a hiki i ka 10 cm, e hilinaʻi ana i nā ʻano. ʻAʻole iʻa ka iʻa ikaika, ʻike ʻia kahi hana liʻiliʻi i loko o nā ʻano i ka wā o ka spawning. He nani loa lākou i nā ʻuna a me nā mea kūpono no ka aku ka moana pseudo, no ka mea ua like lākou me ka iʻa moana. I ka mālama ʻana, ʻaʻole i ʻike ʻia nā hānai a me ka hoʻoulu hou ʻana i nā pilikia.
| | | | | - C y p h o t i l a p i a - ka inoa o kēia genus mai a Latin k k hhos '- ka hump, a ua pili a pili' l bumpl bump 'ma ka lae. ʻO nā ʻōiwi o kēia ʻano he nui ke kuapo mua mua, ʻoi aku nā kāne. ʻO nā ʻāpana āpau e noho ana i ka loko o ka Lake Tanganyika ua mahele ʻia i nā ʻano 6 i like me ko lākou hiʻohiʻona. Noho ka iʻa o kēia ʻano i nā wahi a pau o ka loko o Lake Tanganyika ma nā hohonu he nui. Hoʻopili wahine i ka caviar i ka waha. Ua hōʻike maoli ʻia ka sex dimorphism - ʻoi aku ka wahine a ʻoi aku ka palupalu ma mua o ke kāne. I ka kūlohelohe, hiki i nā mea kikoʻī ke loaʻa i ka loa he 35 cm.ʻO nā kānaka āpau o kēia ʻano he like like me kekahi a me ko lākou kino a me ka waihoʻoluʻu (ʻulaʻula a me ke keʻokeʻo) a ʻano like i nā aniani o ke aniani a me ka keʻokeʻo, ke koʻikoʻi o nā kuhi, ka nui i hilinaʻi ma ka wahi o ka hopu. Ma ka hale hoʻonaʻauao, ʻaʻole lākou e hoʻoleʻoliʻu me nā cichlids āpau, akā he nui nā cichlid me lākou e ʻoluʻolu me ke ʻano, ʻoi aku ka wā e mālama ai i ka iʻa me ka makahiki o ke kō. He nani loa lākou i loko o nā kiʻukui nui me nā wahi pōhaku ma lalo o ke kukui polū.
- N o o m o g a m p r o l o g y s - ka inoa o ke genus e hele mai mai i na pihi aniani mai ka puhaka. Loaʻa i nā kānaka āpau o kēia ʻano ke ʻelua nā kīwī pōkole polū ma ke kino, he ʻeleʻele iki ma mua o ke kala o ke kino. He elongated a me ke kino ʻelele. ʻO ka nui o nā ʻelele o kēia ʻano is me 4 cm a 20 cm. ʻO lākou ka waha nui me nā niho conical conical. He paʻakikī loa ka wehe ʻana ma waena o ke kāne a me ka wahine. Loaʻa ʻia lākou ma nā kihi āpau o nā loko a ma nā moku āpau kahi e waiho ai ka Lawa Tanganyika. Ke kūlohelohe nei, hānai lākou i nā crustaceans a me nā larva; ma ka aquarium, maʻalahi ke hoʻololi i nā cyclops a me artemia a me ka flake feed. Noho lākou ma nā wahi pōhaku-ʻalā - no laila, pono nā pōhaku a me nā pūkā i loko o ka aku.
| | | | | Lake Lake Tanganyika ka loa loa ma ka Honua, ka lōʻihi i ka mamao o 670 km a me kekahi o ka hohonu loa o ka honua (1470 m - hohonu hohonu). Aia ke kūleʻa koke ma 4 o ka'āina: Tanzania, Zaire, Zambia a me Burundi. E pili ana i kēia, ke hoʻomaopopo ʻoe iā ʻoe iho i ka nui o nā ʻano iʻa e noho ana ma loko. ʻOi aku ma mua o 200 mau ʻano, akā he mea aloha ʻole kēlā mau ʻano ʻē aʻe ma waho o ka wai. O ka loko o Tanganyika, ʻo ia ka lōʻihi loa a me kekahi o nā kaʻe hohonu loa i ka honua, he mau hiʻohiʻona kūikawā o ka wai, ka flora a me nā manu. No laila, e hoʻoponopono i nā cichlids o kēia loko i ka loko aku, pono ia e hoʻokaʻawale i nā kūlana kūpono, akā ʻaʻole paʻakikī kēia me kā mākou kūkā. ʻO nā cichlids o ka loko Tanganika ka mea ʻokoʻa o kēia cichlids i kūpono no ke hana hou ʻana i kahi pūpū wai i kapa ʻia he pseudo-kai. He keʻokeʻo lākou a pau, olakino a paʻa i ke ʻano a me nā laina kūpono. ʻO ka iʻa kaulana loa a me ka iʻa o Tanganyika nā loko he trophies, cythotilapia, yulidochromis, neolamprologus, altolamprologus a petrochromis. e mālama a mālama i kāu aquarium! Maluhia mai nā ʻāina a mau helu kelepona ma Ukraine CYCLIDES o Lakes Malawi a me Tanganyika - PskovCYCLIDES o Lakes Malawi a me Tanganyika - PskovNā ʻalemeʻa Pseudotrophies - Mea ʻAi Malawian ʻO Lake Malawi (Nyasa) ke kolu o ka loko nui a ʻekolu ma waena o nā Mana ʻAmelika Nui. Aia he kumu tectonic, ʻo ia hoʻi, he hewa ia ma waena o nā papa lithospheric i piha i ka wai. ʻO ka mōlia kahi o nā kumu a me nā noho kaili ka mea i hana ʻia ka loko ka nui o ke kiko. Hōʻike piha i ka piha ... He nui ka nui o nā iʻa e loaʻa wale ma nei, ʻaʻole nui ka nui o lākou i ka ʻepekema ʻepekema. ʻO kekahi o nā kaona wai e makemake nui ana ma ka ʻamekumea he pseudotrophy, e kūkākūkā ʻia me kā mākou ʻatikala. Pseudotrophyus Zebra (Maylandia zebra) Pseudotrophyus Demasoni (Chindongo demasoni) Pseudotrophaeus Lombardo (Maylandia lombardoi) Pseudotrophheus Acei (Pseudotropheus sp. "Acei") Pseudotrophyus ʻulaʻula (Maylandia estherae) Pseudotrophyus elongatus Mpanga (Chindongo elongatus Mpanga) Pseudotrophaeus pindani (Chindongo socolofi) Pseudotrophheus saulosi (Chindongo saulosi) Pseudotrophheus mayngano (Pseudotropheus cyaneorhabdos) ʻOli ʻOli Johani (Pseudotropheus johannii) ʻO ka mālama a me ka mālama Koi a hoʻohui ʻO Pseudotrophheus (Pseudotropheus sp.) He ʻano ihe o ka wai wai-wai wai nui mai ka ʻohana Cichlov. Ma lalo o nā kūlana kūlohelohe, ua kūpaʻa lākou i ka Lake Malawi (Nyasa). No lākou ka pūʻulu ʻo Mbuna, ʻo ia hoʻi ke ʻano o "iʻa i noho i nā pōhaku." ʻAʻole kuhi ʻia kēia inoa o ka iʻa. Noho lākou ma nā kahawai papa, kahi lākou i ʻike ai i ka malu a me ka meaʻai nui - algae, i ʻā ʻia me nā niho kūikawā. ʻO ka Pseudotrophies ka iʻa pālua me ka ʻāpana a me ke ʻano hoʻonāukiuki, e hoʻolilo ai iā lākou i hoʻokahi o nā cichlids i aloha ʻia e nā aquarist. Hoʻohou pinepine ʻia ka ʻauhau ʻauhau o ka ʻano ʻōiwi, a me nā loli i hoʻololi ʻia iā ia e like me nā ikepili hou, e hōʻike wale ana i ka ʻike liʻiliʻi i ka ichthyofauna o Lake Malawi. He mea kūpono ia he nui nā ʻano o ka pseudotrophaeus e hiki ai ke uhaki, no laila ua pilikia kūpono ka pilikia o ka mālama ʻana i kahi "laina maʻa" i loko o ka aquarium. Kāleka ʻO Pseudotrophies kahi ʻano kino corpedo e ulu a ulu a hiki i 9-12 cm.ʻO ke poʻo me nā lehelehe nui a me nā lehelehe, aia nā niho ma ka pūpua waha no ka ʻikepū i kahi algae. Hoʻopuka nā kala dorsal mai ke poʻo a i ka huelo, pinepine ka maka. Ua kuhikuhi ʻia ka pulu anal, me nā wahi oval nani. ʻO ka huelo hoʻokahi-lobed. Aia no ka pena ʻana, hiki ke loaʻa nā kala āpau i nā ʻelele o kēia hui: ʻulaʻula, uliuli, melemele, a me nā mea he nui nā ʻano heʻano like ʻole, kahi like ʻole i nā kala o nā unahi. Ma ke kino ke loaʻa mau nā kala uila o nā ʻano paʻakikī. Loaʻa ka ola i loko o ka mea kanu i nā 10 makahiki. Hoʻaiho Pseudotrophies ka hopena ma ka Lake Malawi (ʻApika). Hāʻawi kēia ʻihi kai makaʻala i nā ʻano ʻano iʻa he nui. Noho lākou ma kahi kokoke i nā kahakai, kahi lākou e hānai ai i nā algae e ulu ana ma luna o nā pōhaku, nā huaʻōlelo pepeke liʻiliʻi, a me nā mollusks. Noho ʻo Males i kekahi kihi a mālama pono ia ia. ʻO nā wahine a me nā poʻe'ōpiopio, ma waho o ka wā hoʻoulu, e hele i nā ʻohana liʻiliʻi. Pseudotrophyus Zebra (Maylandia zebra) Noho ma Lake Malawi, ʻo nā mokupuni ʻo Likoma a me Cisumulu. Kahi i ka nui o 10-11 cm. Hiki ke kino o ke kino, nui ka poʻo me nā maka nui. Ua pālahalaha ʻia ka hope dorsal mai ke poʻo a i ka huelo, kahi i kuhikuhi ʻia kona hopena. ʻAno ka waihoʻoluʻu ʻulaʻula: ʻulaʻula, uliuli, ʻeleʻele a ʻulaʻula a me kahi ʻeleʻele piha. ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā wahine ma mua o nā kāne, ʻo nā kāne ma ke kaulua anal aia he mau ʻāpana ʻulaʻula. ʻO ka lono ʻae ʻia i mālama ʻia e mālama ai he 200 lita. ʻO ka ʻohi ʻohi a ola ʻole. Aia ma kahi o 2-3 mau wahine keu no ka kāne. Pseudotrophyus Demasoni (Chindongo demasoni) Noho ʻo ia ma ka wai pāpaku ma ka loko o Malawi ma kahakai o Tanzania ma kahi o ka inoa ʻo Pombo Rocks. ʻAʻole iʻoi aku ka nui o kahi pākeke ma mua o 7 cm. ʻO ke kala o ka iʻa e hōʻike ʻia ana e nā kahe hou ʻana i nā pehipehiʻeleʻele a me ka uliuli. ʻOiai i kā lākou liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi, koi nui nā cichlids i ka nui aquarium volume - mai 150 lita. ʻIke kuʻāina a me ke ʻano kūwaho. Hiki i nā limahana ke kūʻē i nā hoalauna, ʻoi aku ka nui o lākou i ka nui. E aho i ka mālama i ka harem o ke kāne a me nā wahine. Pseudotrophaeus Lombardo (Maylandia lombardoi) Noho ʻo ia ma Lake Malawi kahi kokoke i nā Mokuna ʻo Mbenges a me Namalenie. I kēia manawa, ua hoʻoili ʻia ka mea nui i ka genus Maylandia. ʻO ka nui ka nui a hiki i ka 10 cm. He ʻano moʻo iʻa ka wahine dimorphism: ʻo kā ke kāne ka melemele i ke kala me nā kīwī, a ua uliuli nā wahine i ʻulaʻula me nā kāʻei like. No ka mālama pono ʻia, pono ʻoe i ka aku kaona o 200 lita. Hoʻoweliweli ka nānā aku a me nā teritorial. Hoʻohui maikaʻi ma mua o hoʻokahi kāne a me nā wahine. Pseudotrophheus Acei (Pseudotropheus sp. "Acei") ʻO kekahi mea ʻelele o nā cichlids Malawian, ka mea i huki i nā aquarists me kona ʻulaʻula. Ma muli o ke anana papa, ua hoʻokaʻawale ka nui o nā morphs e like me ke kala, akā ʻo ka mea kaulana loa, ʻo ke ʻano me kahi kino uliuli a me nā pua melemele. Ulu ia i 12-15 cm.Ia alakaʻi i kahi ʻohana o ke ola. ʻO kekahi o nā pseudotrophies mālie, e hele maikaʻi me nā cichlids proporate. No ka mālama pono ʻia, pono ʻoe i ka aku kaona o 200 lita. Pseudotrophyus ʻulaʻula (Maylandia estherae) Noho i ka ʻāpana o ke kai Malawi e pili ana i ka palena o Mozambique. Ua ulu ia i 10-12 cm. He kukui keʻokeʻo nā polele me nā hōʻiliʻili puliuli; poloka ma ka pulu anal. ʻOkoʻa ke kala o nā wahine ma kahi brownish beige a ʻulaʻula. Aia nā kala morphs kalaʻa. No ka mālama pono ʻia, pono ʻoe i ka aku kaona o 200 lita. Hiki i nā iʻa ʻehā e hōʻeha maʻalahi i ka poʻe hoʻokūkū wale nō, akā ʻo ka wahine a me nā iʻa ʻē aʻe. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi e holo i hoʻokahi kāne a me kekahi mau wahine i loko o ka hale aku. Pseudotrophyus elongatus Mpanga (Chindongo elongatus Mpanga) ʻO ka ʻoma o ka loko ʻo Malawi, e noho ana ʻo ia i kona ʻaoʻao komohana kokoke i ke kauā o Chilumba. Ulu ka iʻa a 10 cm ke lōʻihi. ʻO ka hoʻonaninani ʻana o ka hapa nui o ke kino ke hoʻāla ʻia e nā ʻōuli polū uliuli a me nā ʻulaʻula māmā. He pōʻeleʻele nā palena āpau, kokoke i kahi palena ʻeleʻele. ʻO Caudal fin a me ka dorsal e hoʻopau i ka melemele. ʻO ka nui aku i hoʻoliʻiliʻi ʻia ka mea huna aku mai 200 lita. He ʻano loea ʻino a i ʻole ka ʻāina, kahi e mālama maikaʻi ʻia ai i loko o nā mea kanu aku a me nā cichlids proportional Malawian paha. Pseudotrophaeus pindani (Chindongo socolofi) Noho ia ma ka ʻāpana o Lake Malawi, e holoi ana i nā kahakai o Mozambique. ʻO ka nui ka nui ma ka aquarium he 10-11 cm. Hoʻomoʻa ke kino i ke kala ʻulaʻula pale, ʻo ka palahala ka palena uliuli. ʻAʻole i hōʻike ʻia ka dimorphism seksual. Hiki ke hoʻohanohano ʻia nā ʻōpio i nā wahi mālamalama ma ka lua anal. No ka mālama pono ʻia, pono ʻoe i ka wai aku o 160 lita. Hoʻohālike i nā ʻano mea ʻē aʻe o ka ʻohana Mbuna, e mālie loa ia. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi me nā kāne a me kekahi mau wahine. I loko o nā hoalauna i loko o kahi konikini maʻamau, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi e koho i nā cichlids i proportionate a ʻoi aku paha ma mua o ka pateudotrophy Pindani. Pseudotrophheus saulosi (Chindongo saulosi) ʻO kekahi ʻomaʻawa hoʻi i ka Lake Malawi. ʻAʻoleʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ka lōʻihi o ka pākeke he 9 cm. ʻĀhinahina ka wahine. Lawe ke kāne alpha i kahi polū polū me nā kīwī transversʻele. ʻO ka nohona kūlohelohe o nā ʻano ma ka paleke paukū. Pono e mālama i nā mea kanu o 200 lita a i ʻole he, 2-3 mau wahine no kēlā me kēia kāne. Pseudotrophheus mayngano (Pseudotropheus cyaneorhabdos) ʻO kēia ʻano, nā mea nona ka genus Melanochromis, e noho kokoke i ke kapakai o ka mokupuni o Likoma ma kahi hohonu o 3 a 10 m. ʻO ka hapa ka nui o ke kino he 10 cm. ʻO ka ʻōuli kino kumu he ʻeleʻele me ka poli pōkole polū he nui. ʻO ka ʻeke a me ke kāʻei kekahi palena polū mālamalama. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi ma ka mālama ʻana i nā mea kanu mai ka 200 lita. He palena ʻāina a he mālama ʻole. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi ke kau i kahi harem o hoʻokahi kāne a me nā wahine kekahi i ka aquarium. ʻOli ʻOli Johani (Pseudotropheus johannii) Ua ʻike mua ʻia nā ʻano ma 1937 a ola wale nō ma ka loko Malawi ma kahi hohonu a hiki i 5 mika. ʻIke ʻia ia ma kahi kokoke o nā pali o Masigne a me Cape Ngombo. ʻO ka nui ka nui o ke kino he 10 cm. Koi ʻia ke kāne i ke aniani ʻōuli me nā kaula ākea pālahalaha.Ma ka pae anal kūmole he mau wahi oval. ʻO nā ʻōpio'ōpiopio a me nā wahine wahine ʻeleʻele-gula i ke kala me nā ʻīwī a hiki i ka palahalaha. ʻO ka ʻike mālie. E hele pū me ia me nā cichlids proporsate o Lake Lake. Maʻa nā kūleʻa o nā meʻa a me nā iʻa, e like me ka waihoʻoluʻu. Pono nā wahine wahine 2-4 ma kēlā me kēia kāne. ʻO ka nui o ka ʻōlelo i hoʻonaʻauao ʻia mai ka 130 lita. ʻO ka mālama a me ka mālama ʻO nā mea kūlaila kiʻekiʻe o ka wai no ka ʻikepili: T = 24-28 °, pH = 7.2-8.5, GH = 4-20. Can ʻO Anubias hiki i ka pale ʻana i ka pseudotrophaeus o ka ulu lāʻau ʻO nā pseudotrophies, e like me nā kānaka ʻē aʻe o ka Lake Malawi, he mau ʻāpana teritorial a ua ulu ʻē ʻole ke lele mai i ko lākou mau palena. No laila, inā hiki, mālama maikaʻi ʻia i loko o nā kaola lāʻau. I nā pahu nui, hiki iā ʻoe ke noho me nā ʻelele ʻē aʻe o Mbuna: labidochromis, melanochromis, labotrophaeus, etc. Ke mālama nei i kekahi mau ʻano nui, mai poina e hoʻolako i ka iʻa i ka nui o nā pā a mālama pono iā ʻoe i ke kaina o ka wahine. I ka mālama home o ka pseudotrophies, pono e mālama pono i ka meaʻai kūpono. ʻAʻole mākou e poina i kahi ma mua o 60% o kaʻai ʻana o kēia mau cichlids ka mea kanu lāʻau. ʻO ka hānai lōʻihi e noho ana me ka meaʻai nui-protein a ʻai paha i nā meaʻai (nā kahe kai, nā tubule, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe) e hiki ke alakaʻi i nā pilikia me ka gastrointestinal tract a hiki i ka make o ka iʻa. ʻAe, a ʻo kēia mea kīʻī iho ke lilo i kumu no ka maʻi maʻi. No laila, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi e koho no kahi meaʻai maloʻo kiʻekiʻe-kiʻekiʻe me kahi kiko o ka algae: 1. Tetra Malawi - kahi i hoʻolālā ʻia i ka meaʻai no nā cichlids Malawian o ka hui Mbuna. Loaʻa i ke ʻano o nā mea o nā flakes a me nā granule, 40% kahi o nā algae (spirulina, nori, chlorella). Hoʻopiha piha piha i nā pono kīnāʻai o nā cichlids herbivorous. 2. Tetra Cichlid Algae Mini - ka meaʻai kīpī-spherulina. He ʻai nui a ʻai piha i ka melanochromis me nā mea kanu a pau loa. 3. TetraPro Algae - nā mākeke i hoʻomākaukau ʻia me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ʻenehana haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke mālama i nā momona kūlohelohe hou aku. ʻO ka hale ʻōmaʻomaʻo o ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo he ʻano kūhaiʻo spirulina algae. Koi a hoʻohui ʻAʻole paʻakikī ka paʻakikī o ka pseudotrophyus. Hiki iā lākou ke'ānai maʻalahi i loko o ka aquarium maʻamau. Kūpono o nā wahine me nā hua he 50. Loaʻa ka wahine i nā hua i kau ʻia i ka waha. Hoʻomanaʻo nui nā wahi ʻili i ka pulu anal o nā kāne. No laila, hoʻāʻo nā wahine e hopu iā lākou, i kēia manawa ke hoʻokuʻu aku nei ke kāne i kāna waiū a kanu i ka caviar. Loa lōʻihi ka incubation - 2-4 pule. I kēia manawa āpau, ʻaʻole nui ka wahine e hānai, a ulu pū ka palaoa. I ka wā mua, hūnā ʻia lākou i ka waha o ka makuahine i ka hōʻailona mua o ka pōpilikia. Eia naʻe, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka mea kanu i nā pēpē, i kekahi manawa hiki ke pākeke ka pākeke i ka palaoa. Loaʻa ka Puberty i ka makahiki 9-12 o nā mahina. CYCLIDES o Lakes Malawi a me Tanganyika - PskovHoʻomā ʻia ʻo Pseudotrophyus ma ka ʻaoʻao komohana o ka loko Malawi i nā wai o Lyon Bay. E kū nei i ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo Mbuna. I loko o kahi kaikona, ulu a ulu a 10 cm, wahine wahine 8 cm. E makemake nui ia i nā biotopes rock a me nā neʻe hoʻololi i nā hohonu o ka 10 mau mika. Inā makaʻu ka kāne, e nalowale koke ka male i kā lākou kāne kāne ʻokoʻa a ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i nā wahine. Hōʻike piha ʻAi lākou i ka alger fouling ma luna o nā pōhaku, a me ka zooplankton i loko o ka wai waʻaila pono ia e pili i ka meaʻai i kāwili ʻia i ka meaʻai, kahi o nā mea kanu a me nā holoholona i kā ka pālākiō o 50 a 50. ʻO nā pōkoi huila, daphnia, corvette, artemia, a me ka moina hiki ke hana e like me ka mea hānai holoholona. E like me nā meaʻai o nā mea kanu, nā kaiʻai i loko o ka spirulina, nā kukama hou, ka lettu, ka spinach, dandelion. Palapala aquarium i koi ʻia: mai 150 lita no kekahi mau ʻāpana, ka nui aku ka wai aquarium i hoʻopaʻa ʻia mai 200 lita. Manaʻo ʻia e hoʻokumu i ka pā pōhaku i nā wahi he nui, nā grottoes, nā ana. Hoʻonui ʻo Pseudotrophaeus i ka iʻa harem i hoʻokahi kāne ma kahi o 2 mau wahine. E hōʻike ana kēia ʻano ʻano i kahi ala hoihoi loa i ka hoʻohālikelike - ʻo ka wahine ma hope o ka lawaiʻa ʻana e lawe i nā hua i loko o kona waha a hoʻopaʻa i loko o kona waha a hiki i 3 wiki. ʻAno ke kīa kāne a hoʻomohala i ka waha o ka makuahine, aʻo ka wahine ʻaʻole e ʻai no 3 mau hebedoma. Ka hoʻohālikelike: pili me cichlids o ka Lake Malawi, Victoria, chain-catfish, kekahi mau ʻano o nā cichlids o Lake Lake. Pseudotropheus sp. "Polit" I ka waena waena o Pepeluali 2003, ua loaʻa iaʻu kahi pākeke liʻiliʻi mai kahi mea kūʻai aku iʻa iʻa ma Swan. Ua hōʻike ka moʻolelo i hana ʻia ua hoʻokō ʻo ia i kaʻu noi, ʻoiai ʻaʻole ia maʻalahi, a ma ke ʻano he makana, no ka uku liʻiliʻi, hoʻouna ʻo ia iaʻu 6 iʻa Pseudotropheus sp. "Polit", ka mea i hele mai nei iā ia no kahi hoʻomaha, a ʻo ia kekahi mea hou i hopu ʻia ma loko o ka Lake Malawi, i loko o kahi's Lion's Cove. I ka wā mua, ʻaʻohe iʻike mai ka iʻa iaʻu, ʻehā mau ʻāpana ʻehā hina wahine i loko o ʻelua mau ʻeke, a ʻelua mau iʻa, ua like nā kāne, he like nā like o Ps ma ko lākou helehelena. ka nui o ka socolofi, he 7-8 cm ka waiho ʻana i ka iʻa ma ka hale ʻikena kuahiwi, ua ninini au i ka ʻulaʻula ma Methylene ma poina e pili ana i ko lākou noho ʻana a kakahiaka, a ʻike wale nō iaʻu iho pehea e hiki ai no ka poʻe Scandinavial ke kālepa aku: makana, a hiki i ke kālā! Ke hebedoma ma hope iho, i ka hana ʻana i kēia hihia, ua hoʻohālikelike ʻia nā hana kuʻuna i kahi kuʻuna i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia, ua hoʻokuʻu wau i ka iʻa i kahi mākelē a 400-liter aku. No kēia mau manawa a pau, ʻaʻole i loli ka kala o ka iʻa, koe wale nō nā ʻano o nā kala i hoʻohālikelike ʻia. Ma waho o koʻu mau lā i ʻelua lā, a i koʻu hoʻi ʻana aku, ʻaʻohe palena o koʻu pīhoihoi: pehea e hiki ai i kēia mau ʻāpana ʻala a ʻulaʻula ʻelua. Pseudotropheus sp. ʻO "Polit" i wehewehe mua ia e Ad Konings i 1990 ma Pseudotropheus sp. "ʻano". ʻAʻole ma ka ʻaoʻao kūlohelohe o kēia mau iʻa ma waho o ke Kuʻu Hiona, kahi i noho ai lākou i nā hohonu o 10 a 15 mau mika. Noho ka poʻe ʻAmelika i kahi kaona o hoʻokahi mita mika, me ka pale ʻole ʻole ʻia mai nā malihini kipa ʻole. Ke pīhoihoi nei me kona kino holoʻokoʻa a kau i kona ʻaoʻao, hōʻike ʻo ia i ka wahine i kona ʻano hanohano. Hoʻohana ʻia ka ʻiʻo lani-cobalt i ka ʻalā ʻulaʻula uliuli o ke poʻo, i ka hele ʻana i ka ventral, a kekahi hapa, anal fins, ma ka lae, he uliuli nui uliuli, aneane ʻeleʻele a i hala e nā maka. ʻO nā ʻāpana mua o nā kaha ventral he waiū waiū. Hiki i ke kāne, e like me ka chameleon, e hoʻololi i kona kala, ma ka lua ke lilo a hina-uliuli me nā kīwaha kūlia ma ke kino holoʻokoʻa. Akā ʻike ʻo ia i kahi hoa kū, ma ka wili o kahi maka ke kau nei ʻo ia ma luna o kona ʻaina cobalt a hoʻonani i kona poʻo me ka pale papala. ʻO ka peom subdominant ka peʻa subordinate, e waiho wale ana i ka uliuli-hina me ka hatching poni. Hoʻowalewale ʻia nā wahine i nā kala ʻulaʻula, i ka wā e hānai ʻia me nā ʻōlima, loaʻa ke kino i ka hue pūpū, nā like like ka pālala me nā wahine, akā me kahi ʻāpana o ʻulaʻula. Ka nui loa o P. sp. "Polit" - 12 cm, maʻamau maʻamau ma mua o 10,5 cm, nā liʻiliʻi wahine. ʻAʻole ʻokoʻa nā kūlana i pio i ko ka poʻe "Mbuna": Ph 7.2 - 8.5, mahana 25-28 degere Celsius, DGh a 20dH. Hoʻohui ʻia nā wai, nā kānana wai. Pono ke koho ʻia o ka hale kanu me ka wahi haʻahaʻa loa i lalo, mai ʻekolu a ʻeono mau wahine i hāʻawi ʻia i hoʻokahi kāne. ʻO kahi mea kūpono, inā ʻoe e hana i ka ʻohana o nā kāne ʻelua a he 8 a i 15 mau wahine. ʻO kahi kāne maikaʻi a mākeke, ʻo "macho" maoli ia, e alualu ʻo ia i ka wahine, e kono aku iā ia i nā kahua kihi, ʻoiai he waha caviar kēlā. E mālama o nā pale he nui no ka hoʻopili ʻana i nā wahine i mea hiki, a hoʻokaʻawale paha iā lākou i loko o nā hale paʻahao. ʻElua mau kāne nunui i loko o ka pūlou like e hana mau i ka brawl, e moe pū ana me kekahi i ko lākou waha, eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole e hōʻea mai i ka hōʻeha loa, ʻaʻole pinepine lākou i hele mai. Hoʻokomo ʻia nā wahine i ka huaʻai i loko o ka waha no 26 mau lā. ʻAʻole lākou maikaʻi loa, hiki i ke kaikai ʻana ʻoi aku ma mua o 25 palaoa, ʻoi aku ka 10-12. Hoʻomaka ka hānai - nauplii o Artemia Salina, ʻōpiopio, nā liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi o ka meaʻai maloʻo. ʻO nā mea kanu ʻōpio. I ka pio, ua pōleu maikaʻi ʻia kahi mea kanu mea kanu e nā meaʻai kiʻekiʻe i algae spirulina, lettuce, spinach, ʻōpio ʻōpio, zucchini. Pono ka holoholona holoholona i ka meaʻai a hiki i 20% o ka nui. Manaʻo wau i ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā huaora me ka carotene e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka pale ʻana o ka iʻa a hoʻomaikaʻi i ke kala. ʻO ka hale hoku nui o Malawian me ka nui o 400 lita he nui o 150x50x55 cm.ʻO ka lalo, i hope a me nā ʻāpana ʻaoʻao i uhi ʻia me kahi papa hoʻihoʻi i hana ʻia me nā polikole hale kūkulu polū. Nā kiʻi ʻokiʻoki i kālai ʻia i ke kālai ʻia e pili ana i nā pōhaku. Hoʻopili ʻia ka pahuhopu me ka mea ʻeleʻele pulu ʻelua ʻelua, a me nā ʻāpana o ka epoxy no ka inikua. Hoʻoulu ʻia ka pā wai kahawai i loko o nā pa lepo o lalo, i hui pū ʻia nā kāhuna nui me ka ʻaoʻao o loko, me kahi pāla Thai i paʻa iā lākou. Ma muli o ka lōʻihi o ka aku i loko, ua hui pū kekahi mau kāne ʻelua i kēlā me kēia, ke kaʻana ʻana i ke panalāʻau me kahi kāne male ʻo Labidochromis caeruleus "Yellow", i loko o kahi kūlana hoihoi he ʻili ʻeleʻele i kona ʻāʻī. Ke kiʻi nei ʻoe i kahi ʻano ʻāina i kahi ʻāina, ʻaʻole i haʻalele ke kāne iā ia, ma ka wā e hānai ana, hoʻomanawanui no ka manawa e ʻai ʻia ka meaʻai i loko o ko lākou waha ponoʻī. ʻO Copadichromis, ʻo Cyrtocara, Protomelas, Labidochromis caeruleus "Kunihi" he mau hoaaloha maikaʻi loa no Ps. "Polit." Nedivoda CYCLIDES o Lakes Malawi a me Tanganyika - PskovTropheus sp. "Kāleka Bemba"
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