Nā iʻa Moon i kā Latin i kāhea ʻia Mola mola, akā i loko o ka'ōlelo Pelekānia "Ocean Sunfish" - He iʻa kēia e like me ka mahina, nāna i hāʻawi i kahi inoa. ʻIke ʻia ʻo ia me ke poʻo hoʻokahi wale nō ma mua o ke kino, ʻaʻole naʻe maʻalahi loa.
Ke noʻonoʻo nei, he holoholona e kaupaona ana i ka 1000 kg he mau ʻāpana o ka pī, ʻoi aku ka paona ʻia he 4 wale nō!
E wehewehe nō kēia no ke kumu mālie ʻo kēia iʻa.
He aha ka ʻano o ka iʻa mahina?
Kūwili ʻia ke kino, wailua ikaika loa ma hope, i uhi ʻia me ka ʻili nui, ʻili. ʻAʻohe huelo. ʻO ka dorsal kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe a me ka anal. Ka waha liʻiliʻi. I nā pākeke, ʻaʻohe ʻōmaʻomaʻo.
Nā iʻa Moon
ʻO ka paona nui ka laulā he paona ʻelua a he 3 mika ka lōʻihi.
ʻO ka iʻa ʻona hoʻi ka iʻa ʻoi loa ka momona o ka honua. Kahi wahine wahine o kēia ʻano e moe ana ma kahi o 300 miliona mau hua!
Wahi a National Geographic, ʻo kēia mau iʻa e ulu wale mai ana mai ka hānau ʻana a hiki i ka pākeke a ʻoi ka nui o kāna mau manawa 60 miliona mau manawa! ʻAʻohe mea pohō i hoʻokomo ʻia i ka ika 10 nui loa ma ka honua.
Hōʻike Manaʻo
ʻO ka iʻa Luna, he maul mau ka pi, loaʻa kona inoa waena no ke kumu. Ua hōʻike i kona inoa ʻepekema no ka gen Mola a me nā ʻano Mola. Ua unuhi ʻia mai loko mai o ka ʻōlelo Latin, ʻo kēia huaʻōlelo "millstone" - kahi kiʻi nui o ka hina hina-polū. Hōʻike maikaʻi loa ka inoa i ka hiʻohiʻona o nā mea ʻona.
ʻO ka ʻōlelo Pelekane ka inoa o kēia iʻa e kani ana e like me ke ʻano a ka loko o ke kai. Loaʻa iā ia ke aloha i ke aloha iā ia ʻauʻau, e waiho ana ma ka ʻaoʻao ma kahi kokoke i ka papa o ka wai o ka wai. ʻO ka iʻa, e like me ke ʻano, e kū aʻe i ke ʻano o ka lā i ka lā. Eia nō naʻe, e huli ka holoholona i nā pahuhopu ʻē aʻe, ke piʻi nei ʻo ia i kahi manawa me ka "kauka" - gulls, me ko lākou pu, e like me ka tweezers, e hoʻokaʻawale i nā mea parasit mai lalo o ka ʻili o ka iʻa.
Ua kapa ʻia nā kumu waiwai ʻo ʻEulopa i kāna inoa-mahina, kapa ʻia ʻo Kelemania i ke poʻo e kahe ana.
Oe e like me he mea lā, ʻo ka maul pier kekahi o nā ʻelele nui loa o ka iʻa iwi ʻona. ʻO kona paona, ma ka awelika, he like me ka hoʻokahi ton, akā i nā hihia kīnā ʻole hiki ke hiki aku i ʻelua.
Hoʻohālikelike ʻia nā iʻa ma nā ʻano kino ʻē aʻe. ʻO ka ʻōpū, ʻo nā wahi ʻē aʻe i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia mai nā ʻaoʻao, ua hoʻonani ʻia i ʻelua dorsal nui a me nā ʻalā. Ua ʻoi ʻia ka huelo me nā mea i kapa ʻia he mauʻu.
ʻAʻohe scales o ka Sunfish, ke uhi ʻia kona kino me ka ʻili paʻakikī a me ke kino, kahi hiki ke hoʻololi kino i kona kala. ʻAʻole i lawe ʻia ʻo ia i kahi palala maʻamau. Hoʻopili ʻia ka wahi, uhi ʻia me kahi papakū o nā lihi. Wahi a ka lole o ke kalena, he ʻokoʻa ʻokoʻa o ka mall. Kue ke ʻano mai ka brown, brownish hina i ka hina hina-ʻulaʻula.
Eia kekahi, ʻaʻole like me nā iʻa ʻē aʻe, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka iʻa o ka mahina, ʻaʻole pono ka nui o ka iwi i ka iwi. ʻAʻohe iwi iʻa ʻole, pelvis, a i ʻole nā pua manu ʻole.
ʻOiai kekahi mau hiʻohiʻona pīhoihoi, he liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi ka mahina, e like me ka beak o kahi ʻōkohu i kona helehelena. Kuhi ʻia kēlā manaʻo e ka niho i hui pū ʻia.
ʻAu e noho ai ka mahina a he aha nā mea a ka iʻa e ʻai ai
Noho ka ʻana i ka iʻa i ka mahina, ʻo ka ʻauʻau ʻana ma nā wahi ākea o ke kai. Akā, i kekahi manawa, hōʻiliʻili lākou i nā pūʻulu a ʻauʻau hele i ke kaʻe ma luna o ka wai o ka wai, ʻike ʻia ka lā i ka lā (i laila ko lākou inoa Pelekane - Sunfish)
I kekahi manawa ua hāʻule kolohe ʻole kēia mau kānaka nunui i ka ʻupena lawaiʻa a lawaiʻa ʻia nā lawaiʻa e hāpai iā lākou ma luna o ka hana ʻana i nā hīnaʻi.
ʻOiai me kā lākou helehelena maikaʻi loa, e ʻai ana nā luna o kēia ʻano i ka plankton. ʻAʻole hoʻi lākou e hoʻowahāwahā i ka ʻano jellyfish, larvae o ka calamari a me ka ʻeleʻelima, ʻaʻole hoʻi e hala i ka mollusks. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia ka iʻa o ka mahina i loko o nā kai wai āpau, a, ʻoiai ʻo kona nui, he hewa ʻole ia i nā kānaka, a me kona mau wahi e neʻe nei i nā wahi o nā loiloi lawaiʻa nui.
Nā iʻa Moon
Ma kahi ʻē aʻe, hoʻopiʻi nui ʻia nā iʻa nui i ka moku liʻiliʻi - ke kiki me ka liʻiliʻi kahi e hele nei i ka wikiwiki ʻoi aku ka hopena o ka lawaiʻa a me nā lawaiʻa.
Hōʻike, nā hiʻona
ʻO ka Mola Mola ka nui a kaulana loa i nā ʻāina a pau i nā wai mahana a hoʻoluʻolu. ʻO ka hipaayiayi mola, he iʻa i loko o ke Komohana Hema Hema, lūlū ma lalo o ke ekuʻikahi i ka wai o Australia, New Zealand, Chile a me South Africa.
ʻO ka umu pahu wai kaila maʻamau e pili ana i 2 mika kiʻekiʻe a 2 mau mika ka lōʻihi. I kēia hihia, pili nā hōʻailona nui loa i nā palena o 4 a me 3 mika. Loaʻa ka ʻōpū nui loa o ka mahina ma 1996. ʻO ka wahine, kaupaona ʻo ia i 2,300 kilograms. No ka hoʻohālikelikeʻana, ʻo ia ka nui o ka pakeke o ka pākino keʻokeʻo.
ʻO kēia ka iʻa, ʻoiai naʻe ke palekana maoli i nā kānaka, he nui loa ia a ʻike lākou i ka waʻa e pilikia ka pilikia no ka waʻa a no lākou iho. ʻOi loa inā holo ka wai i ka wikiwiki.
I ka makahiki 1998, ua kipa aku ka pahu cement sima MV Goliath i Sydney Harbour me 1,400 kilogram mau iʻa. Hoʻololi koke ʻia kēia hālāwai me ka wikiwiki o 14 a 10 mau pu, a ua haʻalele hoʻi i kahi ʻāpana o ka moku peʻa i lalo i ka aila.
Hoʻopili ʻia ke kino o ka ʻōpio i nā puʻu iwi, a emi iki ka wā e ulu ai ka holoholona a ulu.
ʻO ke ola, ke ʻano
No laila, pehea e ʻano ai kahi holoholona a neʻe i loko o ka pahu wai, e kūlike ma ka nānā ʻana i kahi ʻenehana lele i lalo o ka wai. Ke neʻe nei ka mola i loko o ka pōʻai, ma ke kaʻina e hoʻohana ai i kāna dorsal a me anal fins e like me nā mākia o nā ʻēheu, a me ka pūlo e like me ka hoʻokele. ʻAʻole kūpono kēia i ka hana, akā naʻe, hana ia. He ʻono a pala ʻole ka iʻa.
I ka mua, uaʻike nā kānaka ʻepekema i ka maulore o ka maul i ka manawa āpau i holo ma lalo o ka lā. Eia naʻe, ke kīpē a me ka wikiwiki, paʻa i kekahi o nā ʻelele o nā ʻano ʻano, hōʻike ʻia he pono wale nō ka mea maʻi mai nā parasites a me ka thermoregulation. A ke koena o ka manawa e hoʻihoʻi ka holoholona i ka hana e loaʻa ai ka meaʻai ma kahi hohonu o ka 200 mau mika, no ka mea he kumu nui loa o ka meaʻai no lākou ka jellyfish a me siphonophores - nā ʻano o ka nui o nā mea kūlohelohe. Ma kahi o lākou a me zooplankton, ke kumu nui o ka meaʻai hiki i ka squid, crustaceans liʻiliʻi, nā larva eel hohonu, no ka mea he nui ka laulea, akā ʻaʻole i momona.
E hoʻihoʻi kākou i nā parasites, no ka mea, ke kaua ʻana iā lākou e noho i kahi nui o ke ola o kēia iʻa. Ae 'ōole, ʻaʻole maʻalahi ia e mālama i ke kino, ʻo ke ʻano me ke ʻano nui o nā pā kohi nui. A ʻo ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana me ka pālala maikaʻi ke kūleʻa nui loa, no ka mea he mau nā membous a me ka ʻili o ka maul pier e lilo ai i wahi e hānai ai i kahi ʻōpala o nā maʻi aloha maʻi. ʻO ka hopena, he pilikia liʻiliʻi ka sunfish me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe pilikino. Ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā kānaka ʻepekema ma mua o ke ʻano he 50 ʻano o nā ʻōmaka ma luna o ka pū, a me loko hoʻi o kona kino. Ma ka liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi e hoʻomaopopo pehea e leʻaleʻa ai iā ia, hiki iā ʻoe ke hāʻawi i kekahi o nā hiʻohiʻona. Ke kanu nei ʻo Сopepod Penella i kona poʻo i loko o ka ʻiʻo o ka pier a hoʻokuʻu i ke kaulahao o nā hua i loko o ka ana paʻa.
E hele ana i ka hele ʻana i ka papa e kōkua i ke ʻano o ka hana o ka iʻa papaʻa pua. Ke ala ʻo ia ma kahi kokoke e kali ana a kali i nā gulls, albatrosses a me nā mea lawaiʻa e kāʻili ʻānai ana a ʻai i nā mea noho makemake ʻole. He mea pono no ka hoʻomalohelena i ka lā i mea e hoʻoulu ai i ke ʻano kino o ke kino, ka mea i hāʻule mai ka lōʻihi o ka noho ʻana i ka hohonu.
Pehea ka lōʻihi o ka iʻa mahina
ʻAʻole ʻike kekahi o kēia lā a pehea ka lōʻihi o ka maul mau o ka maul i noho ka nahele. Akā nā mea hoʻomaka mua, i ka nānā ʻana i ka ʻikepili o ka ulu a me ka ulu ʻana, a me nā kūlana ola o ka iʻa, hōʻike e ola lākou a hiki i 20 mau makahiki. Eia kekahi, ʻaʻohe hōʻike i hōʻoia ʻia ua hiki i nā wahine ke ola i nā makahiki he 105, a ʻo nā kāne a hiki i ka 85. He aha nā huna e huna nei i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo - auē, ʻaʻole maopopo.
ʻO Habitat, noho
Ma ke ʻāpana o kāna palapala Ph.D., ka hope ʻepekema o New Zealand ʻo Marianne Nyegor i kahaki i ka DNA o nā kahe ʻona ma mua o 150. ʻIke ʻia nā iʻa i ke kai anu, nā wai hema mai Aotearoa, Tasmania, South Australia, Hema Hema o ʻAmelika Hema a hiki i South Chile. ʻO kēia kahi ʻano moana ʻano kaʻawale e hoʻopau i kona ola a pau i ka moana ākea, a he mea liʻiliʻi loa ia e pili ana i kona ola.
ʻO ka nānā o kēia manawa, ʻo ka iʻa o ka mahina e noho ana i nā wahi mahana i ka wai ma ka pō, i ka hohonu o 12 a 50 mau mika, akā mau pū kekahi manawa i lalo o kēia pae ma ke ao, ka maʻamau ma kahi hohonu o 40-150 mika.
ʻO Luna Iʻa ka hoʻolaha honua, ʻike ʻia i ka wai kai, subtropical a me ka wai a puni ka honua.
Ka ʻai ʻana me ka miki
Ua manaʻoʻiʻo ua māla nui ka iʻa ma luna o ka palu. Eia nō naʻe, komo kāna ʻai i nā ʻano ʻē aʻe e pili ana i nā ʻano predatory, kahi o nā crustaceans, mollusks, squid, iʻa liʻiliʻi, a me nā larel eel hohonu. I ka loaʻa ʻana o kēlā ʻano meaʻai, like ka lawaiʻa mau ma ka hohonu e kōkua iā ia. Ma hope o ka lōʻihi o ka noho ʻana i loko o ke kai hohonu hohonu, hoʻihoʻi ka iʻa i ke koena o ka thermoregulation ma ka hoʻomehana ʻana i nā ʻaoʻao ma lalo o ka lā ma ka wai o ka wai.
Pahu a keiki
ʻO ka biology Reproductive a me ke ʻano o ka iʻa o ka mahina ka ʻike maopopo ʻole. Akā ua maopopo maopopo ʻo ia ka iʻa nui loa o ka iʻa (a me nā vertebrates) ma ka honua.
I ka hiki ʻana i ka wā pālule, hiki i kahi iʻa wahine ke hoʻopōmaikaʻi ma mua o 300 miliona hua. Eia naʻe, ʻo ka iʻa i hatch mai iā lākou ua hānau ʻia ka nui o kahi pinhead. ʻO ka maul mall hou i hānau ʻia ua like ia me kahi poʻo liʻiliʻi i waiho ʻia i loko o kahi lei Kalikimaka. ʻO ka uhi o nā keiki e like me ka hōkū translucent a i ʻole ka snowflake i kona helehelena.
ʻAihea a ʻike ʻole ʻia ka iʻa a ka mahina e kū ai nā hua ʻonaneka, akā ʻo ka ʻelima mau wahi i ʻike ʻia ma ke ʻĀkau a ʻo ʻAmelika Hema, ma ke Kauka a me Kāleka Hema, a me ke Kaʻina ʻĀina, kahi o ka ʻike ʻana o ka huli ʻana o ka wai moana, i kapa ʻia ʻo ia mea.
ʻO ka mahina ʻona he 0.25 sentimita wale nō. Ma mua o kona hōʻea i ka wā pahale, ʻo ia e hoʻonui i ka nui ma o 60 mau manawa.
Akā ʻaʻole wale ke ʻano ka mea hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale i kahi mall. Ua pili ʻia ʻo ia me ka iʻa puffer, ʻo kāna hoahānau pili pili loa.
Nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe
ʻO ka hoʻoweliweli koʻikoʻi i ka ʻona, ʻo ka lawaiʻa lapuwale. Ka ʻāpana nui o ka hopu i loko o ka Pākīpika, ʻAkikaʻula a me ke Kaiʻula. ʻOiai ʻaʻole loaʻa kāna waiwai kūloko e like me ka mea, no ka mea e hiki ke maʻi ʻia ka ʻiʻo me nā maʻi pōpilikia, ʻo ka kaʻana o kona hopu i kēia mau ʻāina ka mea e like me ka 90% o ka nui o ka hopu. I ka manawa pinepine, ʻae ʻole ka iʻa i ka ʻupena.
ʻO ka waiwai lawaiʻa
ʻAʻole waiwai ke ʻano o ka iʻa a ka mahina a hāʻule pinepine i loko o ka ʻapo o ka lawaiʻa e like me ka hopu ʻia ʻole. Manaʻo ʻia kona ʻiʻo i ka palekana no ka mālama pono ʻana i ke kanaka, no ka mea hiki ke mālama ʻia e nā ʻano o nā puʻupuʻu.
Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole i pau kēia i ka hana ʻana i ka papa ʻaina papaʻaina ma kekahi mau ʻāina ʻĀina. Ma Iāpana a me Thailand, ʻo ka cartilage a me ka ʻili o ka iʻa no ka ʻai. Aia pū kekahi mau ʻāina, hoʻohana ʻia ka ʻiʻo o ka mall ma ke ʻano o ka lāʻau lapaʻau. I ka manawa like, he mea hiki ʻole ke kūʻai aku iā ia ma ka hale kūʻai, akā e hoʻāʻo wale iā ia ma loko o kahi hale kūʻai momona.
I ʻEulopa, ua pāpā ʻia ke kālepa ʻana ma kēia ʻano iʻa, no ka mea, ʻo ka hoʻohui ʻana i kahi maʻi parasit, kahi sunfish, e like me kona pili pili, kahi puffer, hiki ke hōʻiliʻili i nā mea ʻona i loko o ke kino. Ma ʻAmelika, ʻaʻohe mea e hoʻāʻule ʻia, akā, no ka ʻano like o ka mau loko a me ka nui o ka punia, ʻaʻohe mea kaulana.
Aia ka ʻiʻo i ka mea ʻala ʻula i ka iodine, ʻoiai ua momona ia i ka protein a me nā mea pono ʻē aʻe. Inā he mea ʻoiaʻiʻo, e noʻonoʻo mākou i ka ʻāʻī a me nā papa o ka iʻa i hiki ke hūnā i ka nui o ka make o ka ʻehā, me ka hoʻomoʻa ʻole ʻana o ka lawenaʻa i komo ʻole i ka meaʻai.
Ke ʻano o ka noho ʻana a me nā ʻano
I kēia manawa, ʻaʻohe iki o nā hana kūikawā e mālama i ka nui o ka iʻa o ka mahina, ʻoiai ua manaʻo ka IUCN i ka maul he mau mea aʻae āpau, a ʻaʻole kumu. Ua lilo pinepine kēia iʻa i ka lawaiʻa a ka lawaiʻa a me ka pōʻino i ka wā i hāʻule ʻole ai ka iʻa a ka lawaiʻa o ka lawaiʻa, no ka mea e kahe pinepine ʻana ma ka maka. Malia paha, ma muli o kahi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi o ka lolo, ua lohi a holoholona ʻole kēia holoholona, ma muli o kahi e ʻeha pinepine ai ia.
No ka mea, hoʻohuhi nā kānaka ʻepekema e hopu ana nā lawaiʻa i ka lōʻihi ma Aferika Hema e pili ana i ka 340,000 mau kaila o kā mākaʻikaʻi i kēlā me kēia makahiki. A ma Kapalakiko lawaiʻa, ʻike ʻia e nā mea noiʻi ua hiki i ka lawaiʻa o ke kai ua hiki i 29% o kā lākou hopu āpau, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka nui o nā wahi.
Ma ka manawa like, ma Iapana a me Taiwan, ua hopu ʻia kā lākou hopu. Ua koho ʻo ia i ka lawaiʻa e lilo i kumu no ka lako ʻaina lawaiʻa.
Aia ma muli o kēia mau ikepili, ua helu ʻia ka heluna o ka lehulehu a hiki i ka 80% ma kekahi mau wahi. Ua hopohopo ʻo IUCN ka hopohopo lele o ka honua honua i ka hāʻule ʻana o ka liʻiliʻi o 30% ma kahi o ʻekolu mau makahiki e hiki mai ana (24 a 30 mau makahiki). He nui ka liʻiliʻi i ʻike ʻia e pili ana i ka lahui Tecata Mola a me Mola hipaayi, ʻaʻole i helu ʻia e IUCN, akā he mea kūpono nō ka manaʻo e loaʻa pū nō paha i ka hopu kiʻekiʻe.
ʻO Habitat a me kahi noho
Loaʻa ka iʻa Luna ma nā wai ʻalika a me nā wai o ke kai āpau. Ma ka ʻaoʻao hikina o ka Moana Pakipika, ua lawe ʻia kēia mau iʻa mai Kanada (British Columbia) ma ka hema o Peru a me Chile, ma Indo-Pacific Region - a i loko o ke kai nui o India, me ka loko o ke Kaiʻula, a me ka mamao mai Russia a me Iapana a Australia, New Zealand a me Hawaii. Ma ka Hikina hikina, ua ʻike ʻia lākou mai Scandinavia a hiki i ʻApelika Hema, a i kekahi manawa hele i ka Baltic, North and Mediterranean Seas. Ma ke kai komohana Komohana, hiki ke ʻike i ka ʻai i ke kahakai ʻo Newfoundland a i ʻAmelika hema, e komo pū ana me ke Kaiwa o Mexico a me Caribbean. ʻO ka ʻokoʻa a ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o nā poʻe e noho ana i ka hemispher Northern a me Hema.
I ka pūnāwai a me ke kauwela, e manaʻo ʻia ka heluna o ka nui o ka ʻona ma loko o ke komohana ʻākeke ma ka 18000 mau kanaka. I loko o nā kai kahakai, ua ʻike ʻia ka nui o nā iʻa liʻiliʻi a hiki i ka m 1 m Ma ka Irish a me Celtic Seas, 68 mau kanaka o kēia ʻano i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma 2003-2005;
Loaʻa kēia mau iʻa pelagic i ka hohonu a hiki i ka 844 m. ʻO ka hapa nui o ka manawa, hoʻopau nā pākeke i ka epipelagial a me mesopelagial ma kahi hohonu o ka 200 m. Wahi a nā noiʻi ʻē aʻe, ʻoi aku ka ʻoi o 30% o ka manawa o ka manawa maʻamau a ka mahina ma mua o ka pahu ma kahi hohonu o 10 m a ma mua o 80% i loko o ka pahu wai i ka hohonu o 200 m.
ʻO ka maʻamau, ʻo kēia mau iʻa i hopu ʻia i nā mahana ma luna o 10 ° C. ʻO ka noho lōʻihi ma kahi mahana o 12 ° C a i lalo paha e hiki iā lākou ke nalowale i kā lākou papa hana a me ka make wikiwiki. ʻIke pinepine ʻia ka iʻa maʻamau i loko o ka papakū o ka ʻakai māhina, ua manaʻoʻiʻo ʻia ka lawelima o kēia iʻa ma kona ʻaoʻao, akā aia kekahi manaʻo no kēia ʻano hana o ka ʻano o nā maʻi maʻi. Hiki nō hoʻi iā ia i kēia ala e hōʻoluʻolu i ka iʻa ke kino ma mua o ka pīpī ʻana i nā pā wai anu.
ʻO ka nui a ke kaumaha
ʻO ka iʻa maʻamau mahina makua a ʻo ka makua, ma ka awelika, hiki aku i ka lōʻihi o 1.8 m, a ʻo ka lōʻihi o ke kiʻekiʻe ma waena o nā ʻāpana o nā pua a ma kahi o 2.5 m. E hele mai nā lula nui a ʻoi loa: ʻo ka lōʻihi loa i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ʻo 3.3 m, a me ke kiʻekiʻe, ma ke ʻano he aha nā paʻu, he 4.2 m.
ʻOiai ʻo nā kūpuna o ka iʻa iʻa ʻeleʻa iʻa iwi, aia ko lākou ʻūhā i ka nui o ka cartilage, ka mea e hōʻemi ana i ka lehulehu o ke ʻuʻuku a hiki iā lākou ke hōʻea i kēlā mau hiʻohiʻona like.
Ka hana ʻana a me ke ola ʻana ke ola
ʻO ka iʻa Luna ʻo ka iʻa koʻikoʻi loa: hiki i hoʻokahi wahine ke kikoo a hiki i 300 miliona mau huaʻī, akā ʻokoʻa kā lākou huina. ʻO ka mamao o nā hua ma kahi o 1 mm, ʻo ke kiko o ka iʻa o ka mahina i kahi lōʻihi e pili ana i 2 mm a me ka nui o ka haʻahaʻa ma lalo o 0,01 g.I ka wā o ka hoʻomohala ʻana o kēlā me kēia kanaka, e like me nā ʻelele o kona ʻohana, ka ʻona o ka mahina maʻamau ma lalo o ka metamorphosis paʻakikī. ʻO nā ʻōlou hou i like me ka iʻa puffer. A hiki i ka lōʻihi o 6-8 mm, hoʻomaka ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke kino kino - nā palahalaha o nā papa ākea me nā ʻōkolu o nā triangular nui, a laila i wāwahi ʻia i loko o nā niho liʻiliʻi me ka pale i ka triangular, e hana ana i nā laka lōʻihi, a laila pau loa. I kēia manawa, loaʻa ai ka hope caudal hulval, kahi i kaawale ma ka iʻa pākeke. Loaʻa ka nui o ka iʻa o ka mahina ʻona ma mua o 60 miliona mau manawa nui ma mua o ka nui o ka hānau ʻana - ka palena kiʻekiʻe ma waena o nā vertebrates.
I ka hoʻopio ʻana, ke ola nei ka iʻa o ka mahina a hala a hiki i 10 mau makahiki, akā ʻaʻole i hoʻokau ʻia ko lākou ola i vivo. ʻO ke kāne a me nā wahine, hiki ke 16 a 23 mau makahiki, ia. I ka hoʻoili ʻia ʻana, loaʻa ka loaʻa ʻana o ke paona momona mai 0.02-0.49 kg i ka lā, a me ka hoʻonui ʻana o nā awelika lōʻihi 0.1 cm i kēlā me kēia lā. ʻO ka nui o ka poʻe'ōpiopio e noho nei ma ka Monterey Bay Aquarium, ma luna o 15 mau mahina i hoʻonui ʻia mai 26 kg a 399, ʻoiai ka iʻa ma ka lōʻihi o 1,8 m. ʻO ka nui nui a me ka ʻili mānoanoa e hana i ka iʻa a ka mahina ʻōpala a hiki i nā mea hōʻala, akā naʻe, hiki i ka pīpī ke lilo i waiwai no ka tuna a me ka coryfen. Haka ʻia nā iʻa nui e nā liona moana, nā kohola pepehi kanaka a me nā māka. Ma ka Pōʻalima o Monterey, aia kahi mau hihia i kahi e hāʻule ai nā liona kai i nā pua o ka iʻa mahina a ua alakaʻi iā lākou i ka wai o ka wai. Mahalo paha, me ke kōkua mai o ia mau hana, hoʻokele nā mamalia i pīpī aku i ka ʻili o ka loko o ka iʻa. ʻO kekahi manawa, kiola aku i ka iʻa-malama i nā manawa he nui, haʻalele ka liona moana i kā lākou ʻaiā, a holo ka moana i lalo o kahi e ʻai ai ka wī.
Mea ʻai
ʻOiai ka "beak" paʻa, ke kumu o ka meaʻai o ka mahina maʻa mau-ʻo ka ʻulu maloʻo, ʻoiai i kekahi manawa ke ʻai nei lākou i nā iʻa liʻiliʻi a me ka crustaceans. ʻO ke kumu o ke ʻano o ka meaʻai o ka mahina-iʻa plankton, me nā pōpoki, nā ctenophores a me ka jellyfish. Hoʻohui ʻia, loaʻa nā hua kūmole, sponges, starfish, squid, crustaceans, algae a me nā iʻa liʻiliʻi i loko o kā lākou kūloko, e hōʻike ana i ka ʻai ma ka ʻaoʻao a ma ka hohonu. ʻO ka ʻai o ka iʻa o ka mahina ma ka maʻamau o nā mea kanu, no laila e hoʻokaʻawale iā lākou i loko o ka nui.
ʻO ka iʻa ʻola maʻamau ka maʻi maʻamau i nā maʻi a i waho a me nā ʻolua kūloko (a hiki i 40 mau ʻano ʻokoʻa like ʻole). Accacoelium contortum ru en . ^ E Ha yM. I ka wai mahana e kōkua ʻia lākou e hōʻalo i nā parasit e nā poʻe hoʻomaʻemaʻe iʻa e noho ana i ka nui o nā algae. I nā wahi o ka ʻai-iʻa o ka mahina, no ia kumu like, kipa lākou i nā wahi o ka hōʻuluʻulu ʻana i nā mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe holoholona. ^ E Ha yM. No ka huki ʻana i nā manaʻo o nā kai, e like me nā gulls, ka mea hiki iā ia ke hoʻopakele iā lākou mai ka parasit, ka iʻa a me ka ʻukā i waho o ka wai.
ʻAno lawehala
ʻO ka ʻona-a ka mahina maʻamau, ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, e alakaʻi ana i kahi noho kuikahi, akā i kekahi manawa e loaʻa ana he mau manawa, a ma nā wahi e hōʻuluʻulu ʻia ai nā hoʻomaʻemaʻe holoholona e hiki iā lākou ke hōʻuluʻulu i kahi hui.
Hiki pinepine ʻoe ke ʻike i ka iʻa-ʻona e waiho ana ma kona ʻaoʻao ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka wai. Mai ka manawa o ka manawa, ʻike ʻia kona mauʻu i ka papa - i kekahi manawa kuhihewa lākou no nā fins dalsal sharkal. Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia e ke ʻano o ka neʻe o nā pā. ʻO nā poʻo, e like me ka nui o nā iʻa, ʻauʻau, e wīwī ana i ka pauʻa ʻili mai kekahi ʻaoʻao a ʻaoʻao. I kēia hihia, ke kū ʻole ka fin dorsal. Hone ka hona i ka iʻa dorsal a me nā fins e like me nā moars. Lāʻau wai a me ka pālolo o kēia ʻano ʻano like me ka iʻa maʻamau.
Ma mua, ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo ka lawaiʻa ka mahina he mea ʻoʻa lawa ʻole, ʻaʻole hiki ke lanakila i kahi ʻōpua ikaika, no laila ua ʻike ʻia i ka macroplankton moana. Eia nō naʻe, ua hōʻike ʻia nā mea nānā i hiki i ka iʻa o ka mahina ke lana 26 km i kēlā me kēia lā, a ʻo ka wikiwiki ka nui kaukau ʻana ka pae 3.28 km / h.
Pili kanaka
ʻOiai ʻo kona ʻokoʻa nui, ʻaʻole i ka iʻa ka mahina maʻamau i ka pōʻino o ke kanaka. Aia i kekahi manawa i ka iʻa mai ka iʻa mai ka wai i loko o nā waʻa a kikeke i ka poʻe. Hāpai ko lākou wahi i nā mea hoʻowahāwahā, hele mua lākou i mua o ke kanaka. ʻO nā lau me nā moonfish he mea maʻamau i kekahi mau ʻāina. Hiki i kēia mau hāʻule i hōʻino i nā pōʻino, a i kekahi manawa ke komo ka kino o kēia mau iʻa i nā kukui o nā moku nui (hiki nō iā ia ke hana pū kekahi hanana).
ʻO kēia mau iʻa ka ʻiʻo ʻai ʻono. Eia nō naʻe, ma Taiwan a me Iapana, ua manaʻo ʻia he mea ʻai maikaʻi ʻole, a ma kekahi mau wahi o ka ʻaoʻao komohana o ka Pakipika a me ka ʻaoʻao hema o ka ʻAmelika ua pilikino lākou i kā lākou lawaiʻa ʻana. Hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻāpana āpau i ka meaʻai, nā ʻano me nā palaka a me nā io o loko. Eia kekahi, koi lākou i ka lāʻau lapaʻau Kina. Ma muli o nā ʻike kikoʻona, ua ʻānai ʻia ke kūʻai aku ʻana i nā huahana o nā mahina iʻa ma ʻEulopa. Ma Lūkia ma lalo o ka inoa kālepa "iwakāluʻa i ka mahina" kūʻai aku lākou i ka wahine iʻa (ʻO ka pua vomer) .
I kahi 30% mau ʻāpana kupapaʻu o nā drifter gill, i hoʻohana ʻia no ka lawaiʻa lawaiʻa ma waho o ke kapakai o Kaleponi, ʻo ia ka iʻa mahina. Ma ke kai Hikina, ua ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka paʻa o kēia ʻano a hiki i ka 71-90%. Ma nā wahi ʻē, hoʻopau nā māka lawaiʻa i kēia mau iʻa. ʻO ka ʻeke plastik e holo ana ma luna o ka wai i like ka jellyfish, ka meaʻai nui o ka iʻa o ka mahina. Ma hope o ka hoʻopau ʻana i ka ʻōpala, hiki ke iʻa ka iʻa mai ka ʻūhā ʻana a i ka pōloli paha, me ka ʻoi i ka palaka ʻana i kā lākou ʻōpū.
ʻO ka nui i ka biology o ka iʻa maʻamau mahina e kūleʻa ʻole, ʻike ʻia kā lākou mau lehulehu mai ka lewa, ʻike lākou i ka neʻe ʻana me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka labeling, a ua ʻike ʻia nā hana genetic o nā kiko. I kekahi manawa, ʻike ʻia ka iʻa o ka mahina ma kahakai.
ʻO kekahi manawa i mālama ʻia ka iʻa o ka mahina i loko o nā hale wai. He mea maʻalahi ka hānai ʻana, no ka mea hānai lākou i loko o nā pā liʻiliʻi e lawe ʻia ana i ko lākou waha. Akā make pinepine lākou, ka haki ʻana i nā paia o nā mea waiwai, no laila ke koi ʻia nā aquariums o ka nui no ka mālama ʻana, e ʻae ana ka iʻa i ka iʻa ākea. ʻO kēia mau iʻa e mālama ʻia ma ka moana kai ʻo Lisbon, ma ka Valencia Oceanographic Park, ma ka ʻĀkau nui o ke kai nui a ka Lāʻena kai , a loaʻa i loko o ka Kayyukan Aquarium ru en Ua ʻae ʻo Luna i ka iʻa o ka poʻe malihini ma mua o kahi hii kohola.
Ma ka Hale ʻOumona ʻo Monterey Bay, ua kūkulu lākou i kā lākou hana ponoʻī no ka hopu ʻana, e hānai ana a mālama i nā palaʻa o kēia ʻano. I ka makahiki 1998, ua noho hoʻokahi kanaka ma ʻaneʻi i hoʻokahi makahiki a ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia i loko o ka hihiu, e hoʻonui ana i ka lehulehu i 14 mau manawa. Hōʻike mau ʻia kēia mau iʻa i loko o ka hōʻiliʻili o ka iʻa. Ma 2008, hoʻokahi mea nui i ka moonfish ma hope o kahi maʻi lōʻihi.
ʻIke ʻia ka iʻa ma luna o Sakhalin
Ua huki ʻia kekahi iʻa me kahi kaupaona kaupaona 1,100 kilograms e nā upena mai ka lawaiʻa lawaiʻa mai Sakhalin i kapa ʻia ʻo Kuril Fisherman. Ua hana ʻo ka lawaiʻa Lūkini ma kahi kokoke i Iturup Island, ʻo kā lākou pahuhopu kumu he pink salmon, a hoʻohuli ʻia paha ka iʻa mai ka mahina.
Whakaahua: Sakhalin.info
Eia naʻe, hāʻawi lākou i kahi manawa maʻamau i ka waihona. Mai ka wahi ʻole no ia i ka paʻa ʻana, i ka wā e neʻe ana a lawe maila i uka, pio ka iʻa. Lawe ʻia ʻo ia i ka pahu lehelehe o ka hui ʻo Hydrostroy, kahi e hānai ai nā limahana a me nā kiʻi ʻikepili. ʻO nā kaukani o nā kalaiwa no ka wikiwiki loa i waiho iki i kekahi mea.
ʻO ka ʻāpana ʻaʻo Moon
Nā Guinness Book Records i nā iʻa ka nui loa o ka iʻa, ka mea i hopu ʻia i ka makahiki 1908, ma ke ala hoʻi, a ʻo Kepakemapa hoʻi. ʻO kona paona ua ʻoi aku ma kahi o 2,2 tons, a ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ke kiʻekiʻe o ʻelua mau mika. Ma Iāpana, Korea a me Taiwan, ua manaʻo ʻia ka ʻiʻo iʻa o ka mahina me ka maikaʻi loa, akā ma nā ʻāina EU ua ʻāpono ʻia kāna kūʻai ʻana, ʻoiai ua ʻike pinepine ʻia nā parasit i ka ʻai iʻa mahina.
Inā loaʻa ʻoe i kahi hala, e koho i kahi ʻāpana a me ka paʻi Ctrl + Kākau.
Hoʻaiho
Noho ka loko iʻa i ka wai o nā kai āpau o nā ʻalā a me nā subtropical, ʻoiai ka iʻa ua lele nā wai i nā wai kai. No laila, ma ka hikina o ka Moana Pakipika, e noho ana kēia iʻa mai Kanada ma nā ʻaoʻao hema o Peru a Kile. Ma ke kai o India, hiki ke loaʻa ka iʻa ma nā wahi a pau, a hiki i ke Kaiʻula. I ke kai Atlantika, noho lākou mai ka Scandinavian Peninsula a hiki i ʻApelika Hema. Hoʻākoakoa lākou no kahi kokoke i nā ʻāpana o Kuril a me ke kai o Iapana.
Hiki iā ʻoe ke hālāwai me kēia iʻa i ka hohonu ma kahi hohonu a 850 mau mika. Wahi a ka noiʻi e nā kānaka ʻepekema, aneane 80% o kēia manawa, aia kēia mau iʻa i kahi hohonu o 200 mika, a me ke koena o ka manawa, ke piʻi aʻe nei lākou i kahi hohonu o 10 mika.
Moonfish i ka hui o nā meaʻokoʻa.
Iʻa iʻa i ka pahu wai.
Iʻa iʻa i ka pahu wai.