ʻO kēia mau iʻa nui a maluhia. Loaʻa iā lākou kahi ʻano kaha like o ka hoʻolālā o ko lākou kino, ke kālai ʻia mai nā ʻaoʻao. ʻO ke kala nui he hina hina-beige. Ma nā ʻāpana haʻahaʻa o ke kino he wahi tapatahi ʻāpana o nā kala ʻeleʻele. Ma ke kumu o ka cuncal peduncle aia kahi wahiʻeleʻele liʻiliʻi i kahi wahi pihi. ʻUlaʻula ʻia ka iris, akā pili i nā ʻano o ka iʻa, hiki ke lilo i gula a ʻulaʻula paha. Ma hope koke o nā maka he wahi hina hina. Ke ulu nui ana ka iʻa, ka ʻāhī momona momona i kā lākou kakala. He haʻahaʻa nā hoʻonaninani kāne. Hiki ke hoʻoholo ʻia ka ʻano o ka iʻa i loko o ka wā pre-spawning i kekahi mau lā ma mua o ka spawning, i ka manawa e kū mai ai nā mea hana i nā mea i kapa ʻia. I nā kāne, ua like nā vas deferens i ke ʻano o ke kaula me kahi kakiki i ka ʻaoʻao o ke poʻo. ʻO ke oviduct wahine wahine pololei, pili iā 1 cm lōʻihi.

Ma lalo o nā kūlana kūlohelohe, hiki i ka nui o ka iʻa ma 30 cm, i loko o nā kaola aku ka nui o kā lākou liʻiliʻi a he 15 cm paha.

Ma muli o ka nui o ka iʻa iʻa ʻia no ka Huara, ua makemake ʻia e mālama iā lākou i ka hale i loko o kahi pākana liʻiliʻi o nā iʻa 6-8. Pono ka puna aku i ka nui o ka 250 liters no kēlā me kēia o nā iʻa, aʻo ka pūʻulu iʻa e pono ai ka aquarium o 400 lita. I waena o nā iʻa i ke kula aia kekahi hierarchy koʻikoʻi - alakaʻi ke kāne nui i ke kula, a laila nona nā kuleana o ka papa, a laila hele aku nā kāne liʻiliʻi a me kā lākou mau wahine. I nā kūlana ʻoi aku ka nui o nā iʻa me ka ʻole o nā pānalua. Hiki iā ʻoe ke mālama i ka ouara i loko o kahi pānaʻi maʻamau me nā iʻa aloha aloha.

He mea hilahila loa nā iʻa, no laila ma ka hale manona āu e pono ai e waiho i nā wahi like ʻole e like me ka ʻano o nā mea hana, nā grottoes, nā pōhaku, a pēlā aku. ʻAʻole e ʻoluʻolu loa ka mālamalama i ka loko aku. Me he ʻāina, he makemake ia e hoʻohana i ke kalala kūloko o ke kala ʻeleʻele. Pono ka uhi o ka aquarium i kahi uhi, inā ʻole e lele koke ka iʻa mai loko aku.

ʻAi maikaʻi ka iʻa, ʻai maikaʻi lākou i ka meaʻai a me ka ʻai aela, ka ʻai maloʻo a me ka ʻiʻo e like me ka naʻau o ka pipi, a me ka meaʻai maloʻo ma ke ʻano o nā mea ʻala a me ka pāpaʻi. ʻO kahi hoʻohui maikaʻi i kā lākou papaʻai e'ōpiopio i ka lau ʻōpio a me nā lau lettu. Pono e hānai i ka iʻa pākahi i hoʻokahi manawa i ka lā. Hoʻomaopopo e pono ʻoe e hāʻawi i nā holoholona holoholona ʻaʻole iʻoi aku ma mua o 2-3 mau manawa i ka hebedoma. Pono e hōʻike ʻia o nā mea kanu i loko o ka pōkole e pau ʻole, no ka mea ka iʻa o kā lākou iʻa.

Pono ka wai i ka hoʻopiha ʻana i kēia mau koi: mahana 26-28 ° C, paʻakikī dH 5-18 ° dGH, acidity pH 6.0-7.5. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ka iʻa a i ka maikaʻi o ka wai a me nā mea e loaʻa ai nā mea kanu o ka nitrogen i loko. Ma ia mea, pono ka filtration hoʻolōʻihi a me ka hoʻōla o ka wai, me ka hoʻōla ʻokoʻa ʻana i kēlā me kēia pule he 1/4 ʻāpana. Manaʻo ʻia e waiho i nā ʻōpala i loko o nā mea kānana o ka kānana wai.

Hoʻokahi wale nā ​​Vapors i ka manawa hana. I ka manawa o kēia manawa, lilo ke kāne i ka pīhoihoi, akā ʻoi aku ka ikaika o ka iʻa o nā mea ʻē aʻe (ʻoi aku hoʻi i ʻoi aku) e hiki ke hoʻouka i ka ouara a pana iā lākou mai kahi punahele.

Ua hiki i ka cichlazoma ʻeleʻele ka nānā ʻana i kona wā makua i ka 16-18 mau makahiki o ka makahiki.

Aia kēia mau iʻa i kēlā me kēia ʻano ʻano he paʻakikī ke hoʻopaʻa i lalo o nā wahi aku, a ʻo ke kumu o kēia mau pilikia i ka hoʻokumu ʻana i nā pālua o nā mea hana. No kēia kumu, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi e loaʻa i ka ʻohana hipa o ka ʻōpio, a ma hope o ka manawa e hoʻopaʻa lākou i nā pālua.

Hiki ke hoʻokō i nā spawning ma loko o ka pākona ākea a me ka spawning. ʻO ka iʻa no ka spawning e koho i ka wahi pouli loa i ka aquarium. Hoʻokomo ʻia kahi kime o nā mea hana i loko o kahi aquarium spawning me ka nui o kahi e pili ana iā 100 lita. Koho nā puna i kahi puna i hoʻowalewale a hoʻomaka e ʻeli i kahi lua i ka lepo. ʻO ka hoʻolaluhi ʻana i ka spawning he hoʻonui hoʻonui nui ia i ka mahana i ka wai i ka 30 ° C (pH 5.0-5.5). Hoʻopau ka wahine i nā hua maʻa ma nā pōhaku pāwili a i ʻole lau ākea o kahi mea kanu. Ma ke ʻano o ke kolamu, ua ʻoni ʻo ia i nā haneli mau haneli o ka ʻono kala. E mālama nā mākua i ka caviar, hoʻopihapiha ia me nā hua pua a me ka hua ʻana i nā hua i moa ʻole ʻia.

Hoʻokomo ʻia ʻo Caviar no ʻelua lā. Ma hope o ka honu ʻōkuʻi, neʻe ka makua iā lākou i kahi lua i ʻoka mua i ka lepo. Ma hope o kekahi mau lā, e hoʻomaka ka ʻōlapa e ʻauʻau i ka ʻohana ākea a ʻai. I nā lā mua o ke ola, kaomi ʻohe i waho o ka ʻili o ke kō. Ma hope o hoʻokahi hebedoma, hiki ke hāʻawi i ka ʻai ʻo nā huaplē nauplii. Pono e hānai i nā manawa he nui i ka lā. Me ka hanaʻai kūpono, ulu wikiwiki ka palaoa, a disproportionate kā lākou ulu - i ka lōʻihi ke ulu nei lākou ma mua o ke kiʻekiʻe.

ʻO ke ola o ke koʻo i kapa ʻia i ka loko i loko o nā wahi aku aku no ka makahiki 8-12.

ʻAlo maoli

I ka nahele, noho ka ʻulaʻula ʻeleʻele i ʻAmelika Hema, e noho ana i ka wai o ka Amazon. Kūpono ka poʻe ʻimi i nā iʻa e hoʻohana ana iā lākou e like me ka meaʻai. Akā mahalo ʻo ia i ka spawning a me ka nui o nā hua, ʻaʻole kū ka ka hoʻoweliweli ʻia o nā ʻano loea.

Kāleka

ʻO Huaru ʻeleʻele ka ʻeleʻele, ʻo ia nō ia no ka ʻohana cichlid, ʻaʻole i like me nā hiʻohiʻona like me nā mea ʻē aʻe i ʻike mau ʻia.

1. ʻO ka nui. ^ E Ha yM. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kino o ka pākeke ke hele aku i ka 25 cm, i loko o kahi nohona kūlohelohe, ulu ka iʻa a hiki i 30 cm.
2. I ka Kihi i ka iʻa poperty, aia nui wen.
3. Wili kino. ^ E Ha yM. Ua like ke ʻano o ka ʻōpū no ka pale, pale ʻia i nā ʻaoʻao. Nā hui ʻana i ka huelo.
4. Nā peni - lōʻihi a nui ʻole. Loaʻa ka pau o ka anal a me ka dorsal fin i ke ʻano o nā kukui, ʻike iki lākou.
5. Ke kala kumu - ka hina ma nā kala kala. Ma lalo o ka ʻōpū i kahi wahi nui o nā kala ʻeleʻele. ʻO kahi hōʻailona maʻamau no ka hapa nui o cichlids. U kaʻili ʻia nā maka o ka uaru. Kuhi loa loa loaʻa nā mea i paʻi ʻia i ke kaila me kahi kāʻei gula. Ma nā iʻa iʻa, loaʻa nā maka ʻulaʻulaʻula. I nā poʻe ʻōpiopio i loaʻa ʻole i ka wā ʻōpiopio, nui nā wahi pōkole i loaʻa ke ʻano ʻano like ʻole ma ke kino. Mālama kēia kala i ka iʻa ʻia o ka iʻa ma waena o nā pale. Ke ulu nui lākou, nalowale kēia mau wahi, ʻokoʻa wale nā ​​mea nui.

Loaʻa nā hoʻololi. ^ E Ha yM. ʻAʻole i hōʻike ʻia nā Dimorphism i nā iʻa, no laila he paʻakikī no ka mea hana hoʻonaninani no ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i waena o nā kāne a me nā wahine. ʻO ka mea wale nō āu e nānā pono ai, ʻike ʻoe i nā kāne e ʻoi aku ka hapa ma mua o nā wahine.

No ka hoʻolana ʻana i ka uaru i ka ʻakumola, pono lākou e hana i nā kūlana kūpono e like me ke ʻano kūlohelohe:

1. Ke koho kapikala. ^ E Ha yM. Pono ka nui o nā kahe aku ka liʻiliʻi ma 300 lita no hoʻokahi pālua iʻa. ʻOi aku lākou makemake e noho i loko o kahi ʻohana liʻiliʻi, kēlā me kēia, ka nui o ka reservoir kūlohelohe paha e liʻiliʻi ʻo 400 ka lita.
2. Nā Pālani: ke ana wela - mai ke + 26 ° С a + 28 ° С, acidity - mai ka 5 a hiki i ka 7 pH, pono e palupalu ka wai, paʻakikī - mai ka 5 a i ka 12 dGH.
3. Nā kānana. ^ E Ha yM. Pono ka wai i loko o ka pahu wai maʻemaʻe mau, a me ka lepo. I ka loko aku, pono e hoʻopili ʻia kahi kānana o waho. Hoʻololi ka wai i kēlā me kēia pule.
4. Kāhoa - puehu.
5. Pākaʻi - nāwaliwali.
6. Hoʻolaulā - kaomi a i ʻole nā ​​mea liʻiliʻi. Pono ka peʻa a kila paha. Nui ke aloha o Huara e eli i ka lepo me ko lākou ihu.
7. Kūpono. ^ E Ha yM. Pono e hāʻawi i ka makemake i nā moss, nā mea kanu me nā lau paʻakikī ma ka ʻohana Anubias. ʻO nā ʻano lāʻau ʻē aʻe ʻaʻole hiki ke ola me ka Huara, e like me ka iʻa e ʻai ai lākou. I ka nele ole o nā waiora a i ʻole nā ​​mea kanu meaʻai, hiki nō hoʻi i ka iʻa nā mosses.
8. Haʻaheʻe - Ma ka lalo o ka hale i loko o ka mea e pono ai ke waiho i ka driftwood a me nā pōhaku nui. E hana i kahi wahi kūpono no ka iʻa, hiki iā ʻoe ke kau i nā lau maloʻo ma lalo. Akā inā lākou e loaʻa, pono e loli pinepine ka wai.

Hānai

Pono ke ʻano o ka meaʻai me nā kaulike, e hoʻolako ʻia me nā huaora a me nā minelala. ʻAe kūpono nā holoholona a me nā mea kanu ʻai. ʻO nā lau - zucchini, kāpeti, kukama, lau ʻula, ke kumu o ka papa ʻaina.

Mai kēia mau huahana mai nā 70 o ka ʻai ʻaole he 70%. Kumuhana i kēia loiloi, hiki ke mālama ʻia i nā mea kanu i ka liʻiliʻi o ka aquarium.

Hoʻololi ʻia ka ʻai ʻana i ʻelua mau lā i ka lā, ma nā wahi liʻiliʻi.

Ma hope o kekahi manawa, pono e hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā koena meaʻai mai ka papa mai o ka wai e ʻaʻole lākou hoʻohaumia i ka aquarium.

Huaru ʻūʻeleʻele (Uaru amphiacanthoides)

Kaukaʻaka nyusha Aug 22, 2012 9:31 pm

ʻO ka ʻike ākea ma ka Uaru ʻeleʻele-ʻoka (Uaru amphiacanthoides):

Ohana: Heʻeau (Cichlidae)
Ka hopena: ʻAmelika Hema (Amazon, Rio Negro)
Hoʻohui wai: 25-30
Ka hana: 5.0-7.0
NANOKII: 1-12
Uahi akuia nui Aquarium: 16-20
Nā ʻōkuhi o ka noho: waena
Ka liʻiliʻi aku i ka aquarium volume no 1 pākahi: 250 lita

ʻOi aʻe ka ʻike e pili ana i nā ʻenehana Uaru amphiacanthoides: ʻO nā ʻenu Uaru i kēia mau lā he 3 mau ʻano: Uaru amphiacanthoides a me Uaru fernandezyepezi a me Uaru sp. "ʻOkei", ʻaina ka hopena. Uaru amphiacanthoides loa i ʻike ʻia ma ka nui o nā lau lāʻau me ka nui o nā aʻa lāʻau, nā ʻeke, ma waena o ka iʻa a maikaʻi ka iʻa, no laila i loko o ka pūpū me ʻoe e pono ai no ka hana pono wai wai. I loko o nā wai maikaʻi ʻole, ʻike lākou i nā maʻi maʻi bacterial a me nā lolo. Hoʻohui like lākou i nā ʻikepili a me nā hana e haʻalele ai, hiki paha i kā lākou ʻike kikoʻī. Eia kekahi, no kona ʻano ʻōmaʻomaʻo loa, hiki ke mālama ʻia i nā scalars, geophaguses, metinnises a me tetras. Huaru pupuka loa cichlid a maopopo i ko lākou haku.
Ua paʻa ikaika ʻo Huaru ma hope. ʻO ka pākeke ka momona momona ma ko lākou lae. He waha liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi ka iʻa, ka pū me nā niho liʻiliʻi, e nānā iki i nā maka he nui. He huluhulu kipa ka caudal fin. Kūleʻa ka ʻili o ke kino a hilinaʻi ma ka makahiki o ka iʻa. ʻO ka iʻa 3-5 cm ka nui, ʻeleʻele, caudal fin, dorsal a me nā anal fins light. I ka hiki ʻana o ka iʻa i kahi nui o 10 cm, lilo lākou i ʻulaʻula-ʻulaʻula, me nā wahi ākea. ʻO ka waihoʻoluʻu o ka iʻa ʻelemakule ma kahi kala me kahi pua ʻala-uliuli ma ke kino holoʻokoʻa, me kahi wahi ākea nui ma ka ʻaoʻao o ke kino mai ka uhi gill a i ke kumu o ka hope caudal. I nā kāne, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā dorsal a me nā anal fins ma mua o ka wahine.
ʻAʻole koho ʻo Huaru i ka meaʻai, e ʻai ʻo ia i nā mea a pau āu e hāʻawi ai iā ia, nā cereals kiʻekiʻe a me nā granule, nā mea hana tubule, koko, ʻoniʻoni. Hāʻawi kekahi i ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka mea kanu huaʻai (salala, nā ʻōlika pua, zucchini). ʻAʻole like lākou me nā mea kanu, i ka wā e ʻai ai lākou i ka mea hope.
E aho e mālama i ka hui o 6-8 mau kanaka i ka aquarium, i hiki i ka iʻa iho ke hoʻopili i kāne. Hoʻokomo ka wahine i nā hua ma luna o nā pōhaku pihi mai 100 a 1000 mau hua. I ka manawa o ka inkubation, e puhi ka wahine i nā hua. ʻO ka palaoa i hana mua ʻia e ka ʻōpala e uhi ana i ke kino o ko lākou mau mākua. Ke ulu aʻe nei ʻoe, hiki iā ʻoe ke hāʻawi i nā pīpī artemia nauplii a me nā mea palu.
ʻO ke ola ola no nā Uaru amphiacanthoides ʻo 8-12 mau makahiki.

Kāwili pū me nā poʻe ʻē aʻe

ʻAʻole hiki ke kapa ʻia ʻo Huara he iʻa maluhia a me ka ʻoluʻolu, akā i ka laulā, ʻaʻole i like kona ʻano me ka ʻano o ka nui o nā cichlids. Eia naʻe, ke hilinaʻi ka hiʻohiʻona i nā hoalauna o ka nui o ka pahu. Inā lawa ka nui, ʻaʻohe minamina. Wahi a nā hoalauna:

He iʻa kaiʻai ʻo Huaru. No laila, ʻoi aku iā ia e mālama iā lākou i nā pūlua, a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma loko o nā ʻohana. I loko o kahi pōpepa, ola ke ola o ka uaru i nā kānāwai o ka hierarchy. Akā no ka ʻohana āu e pono ai i ka aquarium ʻokoʻa kūpono.

Nā hiʻohiʻona hoʻonui

Pilikia ma ka hānai i ka wuara ʻeleʻele i loko o ka noho pio ʻana. ʻO kēia ke kumu nui i ka pilikia ma ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i ka wahine mai ke kāne.

I mea e loaʻa ai nā hua me ka hopena kiʻekiʻe, pono e loaʻa i kahi ʻohana hipa o ka liʻiliʻi he 6 o nā wahine a me 1 kāne.

I kēlā mau kūlana, e kū ka ʻaina a me ka make ʻole o ka aquarist.

Hana ʻana a me ka spawning. Pono ka hale hoʻonaʻauao kūleʻa e loaʻa i kahi māhu kūwaho nui ma lalo o 300 lita. Nā hiʻohiʻona a me nā ʻōlelo hoʻomohala no ka hoʻouka ʻana iā Huara:

1. Puhi - hiki ke loaʻa i loko o ka aquarium maʻamau. ʻO ka wahine no ka waiho ʻana i nā hua manu, koho i nā wahi ʻoi loa ka maluhia.
2. He wahi no ka waiho ʻana i nā hua manu he substrate, ma kahi e hana ai nā pōhaku. ʻO ka wahine a me ka kāne me kā lākou ihu e uwē ana i nā puʻupuʻu no ka masonry.
3. ʻO ka hoʻouluʻana o ka spawning he hōʻemi ia o 1-2 mau kiʻekiʻe, a laila hoʻonui i ke ʻano wai. He mea pono ʻē aʻe e hoʻololi i ka pae o ka rigidity.
4. ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona o ka lawaiʻa o ka iʻa i ka wā spawning - hiki iā lākou ke kālele i ke kaʻina hana o ka hoʻopiʻi. I kēia hihia, hana ka wahine i ka hana o ke kāne.
5. Ka helu o nā hua no hoʻokahi spawning - 500 pcs.
6. ʻO ka manawa incubation he 3 lā.

ʻO nā nuances o ka hānau. ʻOiai ka mea e koho ai ka iʻa i nā wahi ʻeleʻele loa a i ʻole hoʻi i hiki ke hele pono no ka spawning, aia kahi pilikia a makaʻu nā mākua a ʻai wale i ka caviar. ʻO ke kiko mua loa he kaumaha nui loa no ka Huara. No laila, ʻaʻole ia e kauoha ʻia no ka manawa mua e ʻaihue i hoʻokahi mau lua i kahi ʻāpana kūʻokoʻa.

Ke ʻike ka iʻa ua hoʻopuni ʻia lākou e nā hoalauna e hōʻike ana i kahi hoʻoweliweli kūpono, e hōʻeuʻeu kēia iā lākou e pale i kā lākou hua. I mea e pale ai i nā hua mai ka poʻe makemake ʻole, hiki iā ʻoe ke waiho i kahi mahele i kahi o ka masonry.

Ka mālama ʻana i ka hua. 6 mau lā ma hope o ka hānau ʻana o ke kō. Hoʻomaka lākou e ʻauʻau i ka hūnā i ka ʻimi ʻana i ka meaʻai. I loko o kēia manawa, pono lākou e hānai me nā cyclops, rotifers, artemia nauplii. Hāʻawi ʻia ʻo ka pipi i ka meaʻai o ka mea kanu i kanu - nā lau lettu, dandelion.

I ka wā mua, ʻeleʻele ka pīpī i kala. ʻAe loaʻa i ka kiko melemele, ke ʻano i nā poke keʻokeʻo ma ke kino holoʻokoʻa.

Ke ulu ka palaoa i ka 5 cm, e hoʻomau ʻia ko lākou kala a like ʻia me nā pākeke.

ʻO nā maʻi maʻi paha

Ke hoʻokumu nei i nā kūlana maikaʻi loa i ka loko aku, e ʻoliʻoli ʻia ka ouara ʻeleʻele i kahi lōʻihi me kona mau kukui nani a me nā hana hoihoi. Akā he mea kūpono i ka hoʻonāukiuki ʻana i nā ʻāpana wai a hana hewa paha i ka meaʻai, no ka mea, e maʻi paha ka ouaru:

1. ʻO ka hapa o nā huaora. ^ E Ha yM. Hōʻike ʻia ka maʻi maʻi e ka lethargy a me ka apathy, haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, hōʻole i ka ʻai. ʻO kekahi, ua hoʻomaopopo ka discoloration. ʻO ke kumu o ka hopena i ka maʻi palaka, ʻaʻole nui o nā huaora. ʻO ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo a me ka pale hou aʻe ke ʻano o ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka meaʻai. ʻO nā ʻulekini paʻilima-kīmaha ke kauoha. Manaʻo ʻia nō e hānai i ka Huara me nā mea hoʻomehana kai i loaʻa i nā mea momona a me nā minuna.
2. Hexamitosis. ^ E Ha yM. Hōʻike ʻia kēia maʻi e ka hiʻohiʻona o nā keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo ma ke poʻo, kaʻeleʻele o ke kala, nā hōʻina, ka nele o ka makemake. ʻO ke kumu o ka hopena i ka maʻi parasit ma muli o ka wai maikaʻi ʻole maikaʻi. Pono e hoʻouna ʻia aku i ka iʻa ʻokoʻa i kahi kōpana pilikino ʻē aʻe me ka pau ʻole. Hoʻokomo ʻia ka maʻi ma ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i nā ʻauʻau wai me Erythrocycline (ma kēlā me 1 leleka a 50 mg) a me Trichopolum (ma 1 1 liter 10 mg). ʻO ke ala e mālama ai he 10 mau lā. Ke hoʻopau ʻia o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia, pono e waiho ʻia ka iʻa i loko o ka pahu kaʻawale no nā lā he nui.

ʻAi i ka ʻaina Ouaru

I ka vivo kaiʻai Huaru He 80 pakeneka ka mau o nā meaʻai kanu. ʻO ke koena he 20 pakeneka he mea hānai holoholona.
ʻO nā meaʻai i ka iʻa punahele ma ka pūpū: duckweed, kāpala kuke, lettuce, spinach, dandelion, ʻuala ʻala, kukala, zucchini ʻōpio.
Hōʻuluʻulu ʻia nā lau ʻōmaʻomaʻo, ʻohi ʻia i loko o nā bunches a kau ʻia iā lākou i kahi ukana, waiho ʻia i loko o ka hale aku aku. Ma muli o ke kānāwai, ma hope o ka manawa pōkole, ʻaʻohe wahi noho o kāna.

Me ka nele o ka mea kanu i ka meaʻai, e hōʻeha pinepine ka iʻa i ka avitominosis, ka mea e hoʻowalewale iā lākou e ʻokiʻoki i ka driftwood i loko o ka hale aku, nā mākaʻi ʻike maopopo ʻole i loko o lākou.

I nā 60-70s o ke kenekulia hope, i ka wā he nui wale nō i loaʻa i nā mea aquarist, a no laila he mea kūʻai nui loa. Huaru positioned as a "discus for the poor."
Ua kūʻai ʻia nā bele liʻiliʻi a me nā pākeke no ka hapa liʻiliʻi o ka 1/3 o ke kumukūʻai o nā kīʻaha hihiu, a ua like like ke ʻano o ke kala me ko lākou mau ʻano.

ʻAno lawehala Huaru maʻamau no kahi mea o ka ʻohana cichl.
I mea e mālama ai i nā pālua ua pono ʻoe i kahi aquarium me kahi nui o ke kahe he 150 lita. No kahi hui liʻiliʻi Huaru E koi ʻia kahi papa wai ma ka liʻiliʻi he 300 lita, a ʻoi aku ke maikaʻi ʻo ia inā he mau ʻano he ʻano lā. Hiki ke paʻakikī ka wai ma ka 6 a hiki i 20, a ʻo ka pH waiwai o ka pH mai 6.2 a 7.5 mau hui.

ʻO ke kūmole kūpono no ka Huaru, e like me ka discus, e waiho ana ma ka pakanā o 28-30 ° C, ʻoiai ke hiki ke iʻa i ke kū i kahi emi pōkole i loko o ka wai wai me 20 ° C. Akā ʻo ka hōʻino loa ʻana mai kēia hana ʻole Huaru maʻalahi i nā maka.

He pahu o Huaru i loko o ka hale aku

ʻO nā maʻi maʻamau ʻē aʻe, ʻo ka hexamitosis a i ʻole ka maʻi ʻōiwi e hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale. Hoʻohana ʻia me trichopol (7-10 mg / l), ericycin (70-100 mg / l), ʻo ka ʻike ka lōʻihi o 7-14 mau lā, ma ke ʻano o 32-36 ° С a me ka hoʻōla ikaika o ka wai.

Huaru pili i ka ʻike o ka pūhui o ka nitrogen i loko o ka wai, no laila, i loko o ka hale aku me lākou, biofiltration maikaʻi (ʻoi aku ma o ka pit)

ʻOiai ke ʻano nani Huaru mai hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻole ʻoiai i nā hoa noho liʻiliʻi. ʻO ka hapa nui o ka manawa aia lākou i nā hale noho, a i ʻole i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i kahi pūʻulu i waena o nā wai o waena a i lalo.
ʻO ka mea kanu ka lau o ka iʻa ma ke ʻano, he mākaʻikaʻi lākou i ka ʻai a me nā lāʻau ʻala. No laila, kanu nā mea kanu i loko o ka wai i loko o ka mea i loko o ka wai i loko o ke koena i ka manawa e ʻai ʻia ai. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka mālamalama i loko o ka aquarium.

Hoʻokumu ʻia nā papa pili i ka manawa kikoʻī. Males i kēia manawa Huaru e ulu ikaika. Eia naʻe, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā mea olakino e pili ana i nā ʻano ʻē aʻe (ʻo ka nalowale ʻana iā lākou i ka nui) a hoʻouka pinepine Huarue hoʻokuʻi aku iā lākou mai ko lākou wahi punahele.

Hoʻoponopono maikaʻi i ke ʻano

He palupalu ka sex dimorphism, ʻokoʻa nā waihoʻoluʻu o nā ʻelele o nā kāne like ʻole, akā ʻoi aku ka nui o nā kāne, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka wahine i kahi wahine. Hiki ke hoʻoholo i ka moekolohe me ka hilinaʻi wale nō i ka manawa spawning, i ka wā i loaʻa ai kahi laina sperm kiko kāne, a ʻoi aku ka nui o nā ovipositor, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka wahine.

Loaʻa ʻo Aurora i ka aquarium

Kaikikala ʻia Huaru lilo i ka lua o ke ola o ke ola, ma ka 16-18 mau malama, e hiki ai i kēia manawa ka nui o 18-20 cm.
ʻAno hānau Huaru paʻakikī ka aquarium, ʻoiai ma ka āpau he ʻokoʻa ia mai ka huaʻai ʻana o nā cichlids ʻAmelika Hema.

ʻO Huara me ka pīkī

ʻO kona kūleʻa o 90% e hilinaʻi i ke koho ʻana o nā mea hana, no laila e kuhikuhi ʻia e loaʻa i ka ʻōpio 8-10. Ma mua o ka spawning, hānai ʻia i ka iʻa me ka pīpī i nā kukama maʻa mau ʻia no ka manawa lōʻihi, ʻo ia ʻano meaʻai e hāʻawi i ka maikaʻi o ka make ʻana o nā huahana hua.

Kūpono i kahi pā hale i ka hale i loko o ka hale i loko no ia mea i loaʻa iā ia, e koho ana i kahi wahi lulu nui no kēia.

Hiki ke hili i nā mea hoʻonoho i kahi papa spawning hoʻokaʻawale, mai 100 cm ka lōʻihi me nā pā hale, hoʻopiha ʻia me ka wai me nā ʻāpana ʻĀina: T = 27-30 ° C, dGH 2-5 °, pH 5.5-6.

ʻO kahi pālua i kūpono i nā manawa a pau i nā manawa maʻamau.

Hiki i kahi manamana spawning ke kiʻi nui, nā pua pua, a i ʻole nā ​​mea ʻē aʻe i loaʻa ai ka papahele. Pēlā me ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana o ka spawning substrate Huaru hana hou i ka lepo.
Pau ka lōʻihi o ka manawa i hala.

ʻO ka lōʻihi loa o ka wahine a ʻoi aku a hiki i 500 mau huaʻai no ka spawning, maʻamau 150-300. He liʻiliʻi ka liʻiliʻi a me ka uila ke kō.

Hiki i nā mākua hou keʻai i nā ʻāpana mua. ʻO ka hoʻonā i kēia pilikia ka mea hiki ke hoʻololi i ka hua i ka incubator. Me nā mea hana maikaʻi e mālama pono ana i kā lākou hua, e ulu ʻoi aku ka pīpī ma mua o kahi incubator.

He mea ia ma muli o ka loaʻa ʻole o ka mālama ʻana i ka pī, ua kū mai nā hakakā ma waena o nā mākua. I kēia hihia, pono e kau ʻia kekahi o nā mea hana i loko o kahi pahu.

I ke mahana o 30 ° C, aia kahi manawa incubation ma kahi o ʻelua lā. Hoʻākoakoa nā mea hoʻohua i ka hua puaʻa a waiho i kahi lua i hoʻomākaukau ʻia ma mua o ka lepo.

I ke kolu o ka lā, hōʻuluʻulu nā larvae i loko o kahi pūʻulu pōkole, e hoʻomanaʻo ana i ka pōpō, ma kēia aupuni ua hoʻolilo lākou i ʻelua mau lā, a ma hope o ke hoʻohuli ʻana, hoʻomaka lākou e ʻauʻau ikaika.

E like me ka discus, starter feed palaoa Huaru lawelawe ʻo ia i mea huna a epithelial i huna ʻia ma ka ʻaoʻao o nā kino o nā mākua. Ke hoʻomaha nei kekahi o lākou, e hōʻiliʻili ana i ka mea huna pilikino, lawe maila kekahi i kāna hua. E hoʻoili i kahi mea pīpī i kahi hoaaloha, Huaru lele koke i ka wai o ka wai, aʻo ka pipi e neʻe i kekahi makua.

I ka loko aku o ka mea akona, ua kū pinepine nā mea huna a epithelial i loko o ka nui ʻokoʻa a ʻokoʻa ʻole paha. No laila, ma ka papa mua, ua hānai ʻia lākou me ka plankton liʻiliʻi loa - rotifers, brine shrimp, a nauplii o artemia a i ʻole cyclops, i ka pau ʻole ʻana o kēia mau meaʻai hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana i kahi hua manu a maikaʻi i kā ʻia a i ʻole ka mea i hoʻomākaukau ʻia i ka wai no ka palaoa (JBL).

Ke ulu nei i ka wai Huara i ka hakakā nā meaʻai

Ke ulu nei lākou, ʻohi a hoʻopau i ka ʻai holoholona maʻamau: cyclops, daphnia, coronetra, a me ka tubule.

Hoʻopili i nā mea moʻomeheu maʻamau, i kaʻai o nā wai'ōpiopio Huaru pono e hoʻokomo ʻia nā duckweed. I nā makahiki ʻekolu, ua loli nui ko lākou mau meaʻai nā meaʻai, nā lau palu o ka spinach, salad a dandelion paha i lilo i mea nui loa i ka meaʻai.

Fry Huaru pena ʻia i loko o kahi kala violet-uliuli me nā ʻili keʻokeʻo i pālahalaha ʻia a puni ke kino a me nā pua.
Hiki i ka hānai ʻana i kahi kūlana i pākeke ma mua o ka hapakolu o ka huina o ka palaoa.

Mahalo i nā hanana hanana ka laha Huaru i loko o ka noho pio ana a i ka palena pio loa mai Brazil mai, ʻo ia ka nui o ka aquarium o nā ʻano e kūlike. ʻAʻole ia he mea kupanaha nā hoʻonui nui o kēia cichlid. ʻOiai Huaru ʻAʻole ia he mea hoʻonani nani e like me kahi discus, he mea hoʻokipa hoʻokipa a maikaʻi nā loko o nā aquariums, ma muli o ka paʻakikī i ka hānau ʻana a me nā ʻano hoihoi.

I ka hopena, pono e hoʻomaopopo he pūʻulu o nā pākeke Huaru i loko o kahi hale momona nui, i hoʻonani ʻia me nā puʻupuʻu a me nā pōhaku, me ka hoʻomālamalama i waiho ʻia i ke ʻano he nani loa ia.

Nā hiʻohiʻona o waho

ʻO ke poʻo nui nā wahi i loaʻa ʻole i ka hulu, kahi maka ma lalo o nā maka melemele i ʻike ʻia, he nui kona waha, me nā lehelehe mānoanoa. ʻO ka ʻano māla o ke kino, ʻōwili ʻia i nā ʻaoʻao, elongated, iʻili ʻia i ka huʻu. Ma nā dorsal a me nā fins anal e loaʻa nā sinu spiny i loaʻa kēia ʻano ma muli o ka ʻike maoli o nā kaʻe. ʻO kēia mau poli ka lōʻihi, translucent, me kahi paona-a uliuli polū. ʻO brown ke ʻano o ke kino nui o nā pākeke, i kekahi manawa he mau specimens me nā ʻāpana pololi-ʻeleʻele ma kahi keʻokeʻo. Loaʻa kekahi iʻa me nā unahi mākele-ʻōmaʻomaʻo a me kahi laina pākaha ʻulaʻula ulaula.

E nānā i nā ʻōhule ʻalani a me nā palaho ʻoluʻolu.

ʻO ka iʻa ʻala ua loaʻa kahi hōʻailona momona momona i ka ʻōpū, a ʻekolu mau wahiʻeleʻele: ʻelua ma hope o ka maka, ma ka huelo, a ma lalo o ke kino. Uhiu i ka ulu o nā ʻōpio me nā kolamu he nui, e kōkua iā lākou e hoʻohālike i ke kaiapuni, pale iā lākou iho i ka pilikia. Ua hōʻike palupalu ʻia ka dimorphism kiʻi ʻia - ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ke kiʻi ma ka wā o ka spawning, i ka wā i loaʻa ai ke kīlaʻi o ke kāne ma ka ʻaoʻao, a ʻo ka wahine kekahi ovipositor.

ʻO Huaru ʻeleʻele ʻia, e like me nā cichlids he nui, ʻaʻole kūpono loa no ka mālama ʻana i loko o ka hale ākea ākea, ʻoiai hiki ke launa pū me nā cichlids nui mai nā waʻa o ʻAmelika Hema. ʻO kēia ke kula o ka iʻa, makemake ʻo ia i kahi hui o nā ʻohana, kahi āna e hauʻoli ai. Hōʻike ʻia nā hiʻohiʻona o ka hana i loko o ka pā, kahi kahi hierarchy i hoʻokumu ʻia. ʻEhā mau iʻa i makemake i kahi pahu 400-500 pā.

Loaʻa i ka iʻa ʻeleʻele ka iʻa kino kino, 20-30 cm ka lōʻihi. ʻO ka manaʻolana ʻana i ke ola ma ka noho ʻana he 8-10 mau makahiki. He ʻano pālahalaha kaila ʻulaʻula o kēia ʻano manu, he wahi maka me kahi ʻeleʻele i kapa ʻia, no ka mea ua loaʻa ka inoa i kā lākou inoa.

Pehea e mālama ai i loko o kahi aquarium

E hoʻokomo i nā ahika nui, nā ana, nā grottoes i ka hale "hale" a waiho i kahi nui no ka manu manuahi. No ka hoʻopauʻana i ke āpau, hiki iā ʻoe ke kau i ke hoʻonohonoho i nā kahuhina pololei. Hoʻokahi ʻia nā pā iʻa he 150-200 lita wai. E ʻai nā mea kanu wai i ka Uuar, no laila pono ʻoe e makaʻala i ke koho ʻana i nā mea kanu no ka aquascaping - kanu i kā nā lāʻau ʻalapau o nā mea kanu ulu ʻia (anubias, cryptocorynes, echinodorus). E ʻauʻau ke kula o ka iʻa i ka waena ma lalo o ka wai wai.

Hoʻopili ka iʻa i nā ʻāpana o ka ʻona wai: ʻaʻole lākou i ʻae i ka poli o ka nitrogen a me ka ammonia i loko o ka wai, a me ka loli wikiwiki. E kau i kahi kānana ikaika ma ka loko aku, hana iā 40% o ka nui o ka wai mai ka pahu aku i hoʻokahi manawa i ka hebedoma i kahi mea hou a hou, kau i kahi mea hoʻopihapiha me ka hoʻohuihui. Noho ka iʻa uaru i ka wai waikawa me ka paakū o 12 o, no laila no nā mākela akuʻa āu e pono ai e hoʻopili i nā ʻāpana i ʻole kiʻekiʻe aʻe ma mua o 14-15 o, ka waikawa o ka wai ka 6.0-7.0 pH. Pono e hoʻōla ka wai, ʻaʻole e emi iho ma lalo o 22 tikeleka Celsius, ke keena wela wela: 25-30 o C.

Ma lalo o nā kūlana hewa, hiki i ka iʻa ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele hiki ke loaʻa ka nui o ka hōʻemi a me ka hexamitosis. No laila, hoʻohui i nā mea kanu i kāu meaʻai - ʻoki, scalded cabbage, duckweed, dandelion leaf, appleele. Mai poina i nā mea ola hānai - ʻo ka tubifex, corvette, nā mea momona. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hāʻawi i nā kukama i ʻoki ʻia, ka ʻuma, i hānai me ka alūe o spirulina, kahi nui i lawa ai. ʻO ka hānai ʻana i nā manawa, 2 mau manawa i ka lā - i ke kakahiaka a i ke ahiahi, mai hoʻoiho i ka nui o kāu mau holoholona a i ʻole ka launa i ke koena ʻai.

E nānā i ka pīpī iʻeleʻele i ʻōmole me ka palaoa.

ʻŌpiopio

Maʻa ka maikaʻi o ka iʻa a hiki i ke ʻano he 10-12 mau makahiki. Eia nō naʻe, ua pono ka lawe pio ʻana i kekahi mau lula e hahai ʻia. ʻO ka mea mua e ʻike ʻo ia ka hiki i kēia iʻa i ke kō i loko o ka hale konane maʻamau, e koho ana i ka nalo, nā koki pulu no ka hoʻoulu. Inā noho nā iʻa ʻē aʻe i ka haki, hiki iā lākou ke hoʻoweliweli ma ka pīhoihoi. Hiki i ke kaʻai ʻana ma hope o ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka mahana wai ma nā kekelē he nui (28-30 degere). ʻAʻole pono ka paʻakikī o ka wai ma mua o 8 °, kaomi - 6.5-7.0 pH.

Hiki i ka iʻa wahine ke hoʻohālike i ke kaʻina hana i ka wā e hoʻihoʻi kahi wahine hoʻokahi kāne i aliʻi. Ho'ōla ia i ka 300-500 hua nui, e waiho ana ma lalo o nā pōhaku. Hoʻokomo ʻia ʻo Caviar no 72 mau hola, ma hope o ʻekolu mau lā o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka palaoa e ʻoki kūʻokoʻa i ka ʻimi ʻana i ka meaʻai. Hoʻomaka kaʻai - nā hōʻiliʻu ʻili mai ke kino o nā mākua, ma hope a hiki iā lākou ke hāʻawi ʻia i nā huaʻai artemia, rotifers, cyclops. Pono nā wiki he 2 mau makahiki i ka meaʻai kanu - hāʻawi iā lākou i ka lettu a me nā dandelion i hoʻopuni ʻia me ka wai e hoʻolapalapa nei. E mālama nā mākua i kā lākou keiki ma luna o kā lākou.

E noho nei i ke kūlohelohe

Ua wehewehe mua ʻia ka iʻa ma 1840 e Haeckel. Noho kēia cichlid ma ʻAmelika Hema, ma ka Amazon a me kāna mau kaiāulu. He palupalu ka wai ma kēlā mau wahi, me ka pH e pili ana i 6.8.

Ke hopu nei nā kamaʻāina kūloko iā ia no ka make, akā ʻaʻole hoʻoweliweli kēia i ka lehulehu.

ʻO ke ʻano kūlohelohe, hānai lākou i nā pepeke, larvae, detritus, nā hua a me nā mea kanu.

ʻO keʻano

I ke kāwina-hina i waiho ʻia, i ke kino ke ʻano o kahi kahe, a hiki i kahi nui o 30 cm ma ke ʻano. Akā ma ka mea kanu aku ka mea liʻiliʻi loa, ma ke kauoha o 20-25 cm.

I ka manawa like, ʻo ka manaʻolana me ke mālama maikaʻi e piʻi i ka 8-10 makahiki.

He hina hina nā kaila ʻelemakule i ka waihoʻoluʻu, me kahi ʻeleʻele nui ma ka ʻaoʻao o lalo o ke kino, kahi maʻalahi i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ai lākou mai nā cichlids ʻē aʻe. Me nā maka ʻeleʻele paha e puni i nā maka.

Aʻikepili i ka ʻike

ʻO ka Huara ua kapa ʻia ʻo "Discus for the Poor," no ka like like me ka haʻalele ʻana me kona kumu haʻahaʻa.

Eia ka hiki ʻana i kēia iʻa, inā ʻaʻole e ʻike pinepine ʻia ma ke kūʻai aku. Mālama ia no nā mea ʻoka me kekahi loea, no ka mea ua ʻoluʻolu ka wuar a koi ʻia i nā iʻa. ʻAʻole ia e ʻae i nā loli i nā ʻokoʻa wai, a me ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana o nā huahana pala i loko o ka wai.

Pono ka mea aquarist i ka wī no ka nānā ʻana i nā ʻāpana wai a hoʻololi pinepine i ka wai, e hoʻoneʻe ana i ka koena ʻai.

ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻoweliweli ka iʻa, inā mālama ʻoe iā ia me ka iʻa i like ka nui, maikaʻi cichlids. Akā, ʻaʻole i hoʻokele kēia kānāwai me nā iʻa liʻiliʻi, ke manaʻo nei ʻo ia he mea ʻai.

Eia nō naʻe, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi e mālama iā lākou i loko o kahi pūʻulu, a i ʻole he liʻiliʻi, i ʻole ka iʻa me ka paʻakikī.

ʻAno hānau

ʻO ka hōʻiliʻili o kēia cichlid he mea paʻakikī loa, aʻo ia paha ke kumu no kona kahele liʻiliʻi ʻana.

ʻO ka mea mua, he paʻakikī i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i kahi wahine mai ke kāne, no laila inā makemake ʻoe e loaʻa hua, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o 6 a nui paha iʻa, a e huli ka wāwae i kona pono. Eia kekahi, pono kahi pāʻālua no ka spawning i kahi pākana ākea, mai ka 300 lita.

ʻOiai makemake ka wahine i nā wahiʻeleʻele a ʻōlelo i ka wahi e waiho ai i nā hua, akā naʻe ʻaʻole kēia i hoʻōki i kona mau mākua, makaʻu nui lākou a ʻai i ka caviar.

Hoʻomaopopo ʻia e hoʻohālikelike i nā manawa mua i loko o ka aquarium laulā, ʻoiai ua pili ka spawning mua i ke koʻikoʻi koʻikoʻi no lākou. A kahi i kū mai ai nā hoalauna e kū i ka like o kahi hoʻoweliweli a koi aku i ka iʻa e pale i ka pale.

ʻAʻole lākou ʻai i ka caviar i ka wā leʻaleʻa a ko lākou mau mākua, hiki iā ʻoe ke pālala i ka waiwai me ke kōkua o kahi hoʻohele. No laila, ʻike ka iʻa i nā hoa kū, akā ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke hoʻokuʻi i nā hua.

Hāʻawi ka wahine ma waena o 100 a me 400 hua, a mālama nā mākua iā ia. ʻO Malek hatch i loko o 4 mau lā, a nui koke ka ulu a hiki, hiki i ka nui o 5 cm i ʻelua mau mahina.

Hoʻomaʻama i nā wai i nā ʻaluna mai nā kino o ko lākou mau mākua, no laila, ʻaʻole ia he manaʻo maikaʻi e kanu iā lākou, ʻoiai inā ʻaʻohe mākaukau.

Akā, ʻaʻole haʻalele kēia i ka mea pono e hānai ʻia i ka pīpī, kūpono ia e hana i kēia me ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka artplication nauplii.

Pōʻele ka ʻōuli i ka waihoʻoluʻu, ʻōmaʻomaʻo nā mea melemele me nā kiko keʻokeʻo, a hiki ma ka 5 cm hoʻomaka ʻo ia e pala.