ʻO ka American Standard Bred Horse, a i ʻole American Trotter, ʻo ia ka wikiwiki o ka holo ʻana i ka pua ʻōiwi ma ka honua. ʻO ka huaʻōlelo standardbred i ka inoa o ka ʻano i ka unuhi ʻana mai ka ʻōlelo Pelekane ʻo ia ka "standard standard". Ma kēia hihia, ʻaʻole mākou e kamaʻilio e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka pae o waho (kahi e kū nei me kekahi ʻano ʻano), akā e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka agility, i hoʻokomo ʻia no nā trotters ʻAmelika. ʻO kēia ka hua mua i ka honua no ka lilo o ka agility i lilo i kumu nui o ke koho.

I nā makahiki 18, ua pālahalaha loa nā lio ma ʻAmelika. Ua hoʻohana ʻia nā lio ʻo Harness i kēlā mau lā no kekahi mau kumu ʻelua: no ka halihali i nā ukana a me nā kaʻa e hele ana i kahi lōʻihi lōʻihi a no nā huakaʻi pilikino i nā mea māmā māmā (no laila ke kanaka waiwai nui a me nā mea kanu. Loaʻa i ka pūʻulu hope loa o nā lio i waena o nā koena: ʻaʻole pono ka nui a me ka paʻakikī, ʻoi aku ka waiwai o ko lākou noho ʻana. Eia kekahi, ua lilo ia i mea i waena o ka poʻe nona ka lio waiwai e hoʻonohonoho i nā hoʻokūkū kaʻa, no laila i ka hopena o ka ʻumikūmāwalu ʻumikūmāiwa a i ka makahiki ʻumikūmāiwa ʻumikūmāiwa, ua hoʻokumu hou ʻia nā lio ʻōpio ke ʻano he ʻano hehele kūlike. Ua nalowale loa ʻo Trotters i ko lākou waiwai nui a hoʻomaka e hoʻohana wale ʻia i nā haʻuki, akā ʻo ke ʻano ʻōpio ua ʻike wale ʻia kāna hiapo. I ka hoʻohana nui ʻia ʻana o ka pā i ka holo, hoʻokūkū nui ka hoʻokūkū ma kēia wahi, a maikaʻi nā pōmaikaʻi o kahi lio maikaʻi. ʻO kēia ke kumu no ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā huaʻAmelika mai ka hoʻomaka ʻana e hoʻomaka e nānā pono a hana i ka ʻano me ka hua i hana ʻia ma ka pae kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe.

Ma waena o nā kūpuna o nā ʻAlani ʻAmelika he mau lio maikaʻi maikaʻi: ʻo ka Mōʻī (hānau 1780) - he ʻano ʻōpio o ka pua holebrous i holo i ke ʻano he ʻoni maikaʻi (ʻo ka hihia kūkaʻi no ka holo lio!), ʻO Justine Morgan (hānau ʻia 1789), i loko o nā uaua ka mea nāna i hoʻokahe i ke koko o nā kaiho holookoa Arabia a i hoʻopuni piha ʻia, ʻo Belfaunder (b. 1815) he mau hua kaua he Norfolk. ʻO ka hui pū ʻana o ke koko o nā aliʻi Norfolk me ke koko o nā lio holo lio i alakaʻi i ka ulu ʻana o nā holoholona frisky loa i loko o ka hua. ʻO ka mea kaulana loa ma ka XIX kenekulia ʻo ia ka stallion Gambletonian X (hānau ʻia i ka makahiki 1849), ka mea i waiho ma luna o 1300 mau kīlio maikaʻi loa. Hōʻike nā hua āpau o Gambletonian X i nā hopena maikaʻi loa i ka racetracks, a ke kahe nei kona koko i loko o nā wahi o nā mea āpau o ʻAmelika āpau.

Mai ka makahiki 1879, lilo nā racetracks i kuleana no nā ʻāpanaʻAmelika āpau a ʻo nā lio wale nō o kekahi papa agility kekahi i komo i loko o ka hale hōʻike. Mai ia manawa, loaʻa i ka hua inoa kona inoa - ka delusional standard American. ʻO ka wikiwiki i kūkulu ʻia e kahi lio e helu ʻia e ka manawa i kahi e hele ai i kahi ʻāpana o ka lōʻihi - ma ka lawe lio ʻana i ka lio honua, ua ʻike ʻia ka mile ma ka English ma ka 1609 m no ia ʻano, a he mau trotter wale nō e hele nei i kēia mile ma kahi o 2 mau minuke i komo i loko o ka puke haʻawina. 30 sekona

ʻAmelika ʻAmelika trotter.

I ka manawa like like, ua hoʻokumu ʻia kekahi waiwai ʻē aʻe o nā kaila makaʻaʻopa o ʻAmelika Hema. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ʻo nā trotters he nui i hiki i ʻAmelika ke holo i ʻehā mau mau!

E like me kāu e ʻike ai, hiki i nā lio āpau ke neʻe i ʻekolu hana - step, trot a gallop. I kekahi manawa aia nā lio ma kahi o ka neʻe e hele i ka amble. No laila, aia i waena o nā trotters ʻAmelika he nui nā mea hoʻohana. Ua hoʻāʻo ʻia me nā trotters, akā no ka mea ʻoi aku ka wikiwiki i ka physiologically i ka gait ma mua o ka lynx, ua ʻike ʻia nā mea kime ma nā racetracks kaʻawale mai nā trotters (ua hoʻokumu ʻia nā makana kūikawā no lākou). Ma ka manawa like, aia nā ʻaihue a me nā trotter i ka ʻano like ʻole a hele i waena o lākou, ʻoiai, ua hoʻomaka ʻia nā lio, hiki iā ia ke holo a ʻelua a me ka amble.

E hoʻololi i ka gait ma luna o nā lio, hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā kāʻei kūikawā, ʻaʻole ia e ʻae i ka lio i ka wā o ka heihei. Hoʻokahi nā hāmeʻa i kēlā mau hōʻeha o nā lio i ka racetracks, akā kaulana loa nā mea hoʻokūkū hoʻokūkū ma muli o ka wikiwiki o ka holo. Mahalo i ke koho, ua holo nā kaila makaʻaila ʻAmelika hou i ka lōʻihi ma ka 2 mau minuke. ʻO ke ao honua wikiwiki no trotting he 1 min. 49, 3 sec., Amble - 1 min. 46.1 sec Pēlā, ʻo ka wikiwiki o kēia mau gait e like me ka wikiwiki o ke kaʻaahi manuahi i ka holo lio!

Kahi hale Amerika i nā lole hana kūikawā e holo ana i kahi amble.

Eia naʻe, i ka hakakā no ka wikiwiki, pono i nā mea hoʻoulu e hoʻolōʻihi i ka nani o waho. A hiki i kēia wā ʻaʻohe mākaukau o ka pili o waho ma waena o nā ʻāpanaʻāina o ʻAmelika, nā lio me ka aneane like ʻole (ke ʻano ʻo ka holo holo ʻana) e ʻae ʻia ka ʻano, no laila, ʻaʻole i kohu ʻia nā lio ʻōpiopio o ʻAmelika.

Ma keʻano holoʻokoʻa, ua hoʻohaʻahaʻa loa ʻia nā lio o kēia ʻano ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia i nā ʻano trotter ʻē aʻe - ʻo ke kiʻekiʻe o ka malo i ka ʻano o 153 a 166 cm. Ua liʻiliʻi ka poʻo o nā trotters ʻAmelika, me kahi kiko kiko. Ua kiʻekiʻe ka ʻāʻī, ua palu ʻia nā lau. Hohonu ka umauma a hohonu. He lōʻihi ke kino, voluminous. ʻĀkau ke kua, pālahalaha ka ʻōpala. Loaʻa nā wāwae, maloʻo a me ka puʻupuʻu, me nā neʻe i kūkulu ʻia a me nā tendons. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā lio he kū wāwae pololei, akā no kekahi, ʻaʻole pololei ia (legged a clubfoot paha). He pōkole ke kapa, ʻo ka mane a me ka huelo he lōʻihi ka lōʻihi. ʻO ke kapa he kūlele maʻamau, he ʻeleʻele hoʻi ka hapa maʻamau, karakō a me nā lio ʻeleʻele. ʻAʻau loa nā kamaʻāina ʻAmelika o nā kala hina (hoʻoilina mai nā lio holo mau), akā ke nānā ʻia nei ke kala ʻole ʻia a hoʻāʻo lākou e pale i kēlā mau lio mai ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana. Loaʻa pinepine ʻia hoʻi nā māka ma ke poʻo a me nā wāwae.

ʻOiai ka mana nui o ka lāhui holo ʻ Englishlelo Pelekane, nele nā ​​hemahema i ka leʻaleʻa o ka leʻaleʻa. ʻOkoʻa lākou, hoʻokaʻawale a hoʻokaʻawale ʻia e ka gait kū paʻa. ʻAʻole paʻakikī i ka hana ʻana me nā trotters ʻAmelika. Eia kekahi, he kakahiaka nui loa lākou, paʻakikī, ʻike ʻole, hoʻohanohano ʻia e ke olakino maikaʻi, ka hua a me ka lōʻihi o ke ola. I ka manawa manawa, ua hōʻike ka waho o ka disharmonious o ʻAmelika trotters i mea hewa, akā ua pau nā hiʻohiʻona wikiwiki o ka unsurpassed i kēia hoʻopaʻapaʻa. I kēia manawa, ʻike ʻole ka poʻe trotters i waena o nā huaʻaleʻa a pau o ka honua!

He mau alakaʻi piha ka hoʻokele waiwai ʻo ʻAmelika i ka ʻoihana e holo nei, he maʻamau lākou i nā ʻāina a pau i kahi e holo ai nā lāhui. Ma mua, ʻike ʻia nā ʻelele maikaʻi loa o ka hua a i ʻike ʻia ma United States - nā moku'āina o Pennsylvania lāua ʻo Kentucky ke kapa ʻia ʻo "Mecca" o nā kūpuna puaʻa ʻAmelika. Eia nō kekahi, ʻo nā holoholona he nui a kiʻekiʻe hoʻi nā holoholona hoʻohuihui ʻo ʻAmelika i loko o Kanada, Australia, New Zealand, Italy, Denmark, Sweden. ʻO ka waiwai nui no nā trotters ʻAmelika i kapa ʻia "Gambletonian" (i ka hoʻohanohano no nā kūpuna kūpuna kūpilikiʻi), a ʻo nā mea momona loa ke kūʻai aku ʻia ua kūʻai ʻia no 5.25 miliona mau kālā (trotter Mystic Park) a no 19,2 miliona kālā (ambler Annihilerator).

E heluhelu e pili ana i nā holoholona i ʻōlelo ʻia i loko o kēia ʻatikala: nā lio holo lio holikoa, nā lio ʻ Arab Arabia.

ʻO ka mōʻī Breed

ʻAʻole kū ke kaʻa ʻAmelika trotter i kahi ʻokoʻa i haʻalele ʻia ma muli o kona mau hiʻohiʻona. Hiki i nā hiʻohiʻona i nā holoholona ke ʻano like. ʻO ka nui o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana o ka pili ʻana i ka hua like mua o ka pāʻani pono o nā lio. Mai ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hakahaka o kēlā mau trotters, ʻo ka poʻe wale nō i hiki iā lākou ke holo i hoʻokahi mile ma kahi manawa ʻaʻole e hala ka 2 mau minuke 30 mau kekona i hoʻokomo ʻia ma loko o ka hale hōʻike.

Ua hoʻomaka ʻia kēia ʻano ma ʻAmelika o ka makahiki XVIII. I loko o kēia manawa, ua hoʻohana nui ʻia nā lio ma ka mahiʻai, a ua māhele ʻia nā holoholona a pau i 2 mau ʻano, e hilinaʻi ai,

1. Kaumaha hana. Ua hoʻohana ʻia lākou e halihali i mau ukana nui, e hele ana lōʻihi.
2. Mālamalama. Ua hoʻolauna ʻia kēia mau holoholona i nā mea hoʻololi maoli wale nō.

Ua mahalo nui ʻia ka hui hope no ka wikiwiki e hoʻomohala ʻia, aʻo ka ikaika a me ke ahonui e pili ana i ke kua.

Hoʻomaka i nā lio ʻoluʻolu e hoʻomaka i ke kaʻa no ka holo kaʻa, a i ka hopena o ke kenekulia 18, ua kaulana loa. ʻO nā hoʻokūkū like ʻole ia me ka nui o nā poʻokela. ʻO kēia ua hana i ka mea āpau i hoʻolaʻa i kēlā me kona ikaika i ka hoʻolālāʻana o kāna trotters i ka waiwai. I ka hopena, ma ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka kenekulia 19, ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā lio trotting i kahi māhele ʻokoʻa a hoʻohana wale ʻia i nā haʻuki.

I ke koho ʻana o nā koho hou aʻe, hoʻomalu mau ʻia nā hiʻohiʻona o nā holoholona. Ua hoʻohana mākou i nā lio Arapi, nā lio Norfolk, nā lawena Kanaka a me kekahi mau ʻano ʻē aʻe. ʻO ka hopena o ka hānau ʻana he lio kaʻaʻāina ʻAmelika, ke kupuna o ka mea i manaʻo ʻia ua lilo ia i hoʻoilina puʻupuʻu nui, ʻo Trotter Gambletonian X.

Ua hoʻokumu ʻia ka puke kūmole o ka laina kūhelu wāwae ma 1871. ʻO ka inoa inoa inoa o ka hua manu ʻo Standartbrednaya i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka makahiki 1879. Ua koho ʻia ia ma ke kumu ʻo ia ʻo nā holoholona wale nō e hālāwai me ke ʻano o ka hana kuʻu ʻia i manaʻo ʻia he purebred. Hoʻomaka ia i ka makahiki 1931, ua hoʻomaka nā luna o ka hua i komo i loko o ka puke haʻawina e pili ana i ko lākou kumu.

Kāleka

Mai ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka lio ʻōpiopio o ʻAmelika me ka manaʻo nui o ka wikiwiki, ua hōʻole wale nā ​​mea alakaʻi i kona helehelena. I ka hopena, ʻaʻohe ʻike o kēia mau lio i nā hiʻohiʻona o waho.

Paʻa ʻAmelika ʻAmelika

Ma ka laulā, ʻo ka ʻāpanaʻAmelika he holoholona nui. ʻO kona kiʻekiʻe i ka pala maloʻo he 145-166 cm.ʻO ke kumukanawai o nā papa he ʻala a nunui, nunui paha, a maloʻo a ʻoluʻolu hoʻi. ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona o ka hiʻohiʻona o kahi lio ka mea:

• hale noho poepoe
• ka laulā hohonu
• nā lau nahele
• pololei me ka lipi o ke kua,
• pālahalaha ākea
• Nā lōʻihi,
• he poo liilii me kahi papa kuhikuhi pololei,
• nā wāwae maloʻo ikaika me nā hōʻiliʻili a me nā umauma i hoʻomohala ʻia.
• lōʻihi mane a me ka huelo.

Mea Hoʻomaopopo. ʻO kekahi ʻano no ka hua ʻano ka ʻona ʻano i nā wāwae. I nā holoholona like ʻole, hiki iā ia ke kuhikuhi a i ʻole paha me nā lālaki liʻiliʻi. ʻAʻole manaʻo ʻia he ʻano pōʻino ʻole ia.

ʻO ka lole o ka lio ʻAmelika trotting e hiki ai i nā ʻano like ʻole. ʻO ka manawa pinepine, he bay ka ʻāpana o kona mau ʻelele. E pili paha i nā aniani a i ʻole nā ​​hoʻohui ʻana. ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā holoholona me nā ʻulaʻula a me nā kala ʻeleʻele paha. I kekahi mau hihia, hele mai nā lio hina ke kūlohelohe, akā, ua manaʻo ʻia ʻaʻole pono a ʻae ʻia nā mea ola e ʻae ʻia no ka hoʻomohala hou.

Kāne

Ma ke kaʻina koho, ua hoʻohana ʻia kekahi nui o nā laina like ʻole o nā lio, kēlā me kēia mea i manaʻo ʻia he ʻano hoʻokahi, ʻaʻole ia he maikaʻi. No laila, ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā lio ʻEnelani i ka hana ma o ko lākou makemake a me ka paʻakikī o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa.

Akā ʻoiai, ua hoʻokō mau ʻia nā mea hoʻokae e hoʻopau i nā hemahema o kekahi mau moʻomeheu mua. A ke hopena, ua hoʻohuli ʻia nā hiʻohiʻona o ka ʻano maʻamau i like me ka ʻoluʻolu, ka ʻoluʻolu, ke kaulike. E hoʻolohe ana kēia mau mea ola i ka mea nona ka a me ka aʻo koke koke, ʻoiai, ua launa ka holoholona me nā lio ʻē aʻe a me ka hoʻomau ʻole ʻia.

Loaʻa a me nā pono ole o ka hua

Kahi ʻia ka ʻike ʻōpuni ʻAmelika a puni ka honua. Aia a hiki i kēia manawa, ke kālele ʻia nei ke kumu kūʻai lio, a ua ʻike maikaʻi ʻia lākou ma Kanada, Australia, New Zealand, Denmark. ʻO nāʻoiaʻiʻo, e loaʻa nā lio i kēlā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe ma nā manaʻo he nui o nā pono, nā mea nui o ia mau mea:

• pāʻani
• hoʻomanawanui
• ke kūʻē i nā maʻi he nui o nā lio
• mālie, kūpono kūpono
• maʻi paʻapū kiʻekiʻe,
• ka lōʻihi loa o nā lio.

ʻAnoʻī a paʻakikī ke kaʻa ʻAmelika

Hoʻonui hou i ka papa inoa i hiki i ka hoʻomaka mua ʻana o nā holoholona. Ma kahi kokoke i nā moʻolelo honua e pili ana i nā delusion standard ʻAmelika e hoʻonohonoho ʻia e nā stallion i piha ʻo 3 a 4 mau makahiki. Aia i ke keiki 3, ua hoʻomau ʻia ke lio a mākaukau e komo i nā haʻuki.

ʻO kekahi mea koʻikoʻi, ʻo ka hapa nui o kēia mau trotters e hoʻohana i nā ʻano 4 o ka gait. No ka nui o nā lio, ʻike wale ʻia o 3 o lākou:

Akā i ka mea i komo pū kekahi poʻe lawena Kanaka i ka mālama ʻana i kēia ʻano lio, hiki i kā lākou hoʻoilina ke hele pū me nā ʻoni. No ka hoʻohana ʻana i kēia manawa hana, ua hoʻomohala ka poʻe kahu holoholona i nā kāʻei kūikawā i palena i ka hehi ʻana. ʻO ka ʻāpana hoʻokūkū ma waena o nā deliriums maʻamau maʻAmelika ma muli o ka piʻi nui o ka hōʻeha.

Nā huina

No nā hemahema o ka ʻano, ua ʻokoʻa ke ʻano maʻamau a me ko lākou helehelena maʻamau. ʻO nā poʻe hānai he nui i kau ʻia kēlā pilikia. Akā i ka hala ʻana o ka manawa, ua hoʻoliu ka mea hoʻonani o nā holoholona i ka nuance o waho a ua hoʻopau ʻia mai ka papa inoa o nā hemahema.

Eia nō naʻe, ʻoiai he mea kaulana ka holoholona no kona ʻike ʻole ʻana, pono ʻia kekahi mau kūlana e loaʻa i nā hopena kiʻekiʻe loa mai kēlā mau lio a makemake maikaʻi. Pono lākou e hāʻawi i kahi kūpono o ka upkeep, a me nā hoʻomaʻamaʻa kūikawā e kōkua ai i ka mālama ʻana i ka leo o ka stallion.

ʻO ke ʻano o nā kaanaka i kapa ʻia ua kapa ʻia ʻo ia ka trotter maikaʻi loa ma ka honua. Ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia kēia mau holoholona i ka hapa nui o nā moʻolelo o ka honua e holo ana me nā rula māmā. Ma kēia hana pāʻani ua hoʻohana ʻia lākou i kēia lā. Eia kekahi, hoʻohana pinepine nā trotters i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i nā laina o ka pedigree, e hoʻonui hou i ko lākou waiwai. Hiki ke loaʻa nā hopena maikaʻi mai ka holoholona wale nō inā hāʻawi ʻia ka holoholona i nā kūlana kūpono o ka paʻa a me ke aʻo ʻana.

ʻO ka mōʻaukala hanana

Ua hoʻonani ʻia kēia lio ma ʻAmelika, ma o ka hōʻiliʻili ikaika ʻana ʻo ka ʻano hānau. Ua hoʻohana ʻia nā lio Purebred i ka hoʻoulu ʻana. ʻO ke kūlike e like me nā mea ʻē aʻe. Pono e haʻi ʻia ma ka hana nui o ka hana o ka hoʻokumu ʻana o ka moʻomeheu ʻAmelika, i hoʻokani ʻia e kahi pā pua e pure ʻia ana, nona ka mea nona ka hina hina.

Ua hana nui ʻo ia i nā manawa holomua no nā lāhui like ʻole, e lanakila ana a ʻewalu i kēlā mau makahiki he ʻumikumamāhā. No nā makahiki he iwakālua, mai ka lā 17 o ʻApelila 1788, ma hope o kona lawe ʻia ʻana i Philadelphia, ua hoʻohana ʻia ʻo ia i USA ma ke ʻano he ʻala nui. Eia kekahi, ʻo kēia lio, i ke kaulike e ʻōlelo ai, ua hele wale ʻia me nā leʻa make purebred. No nā makahiki he iwakālua mau makahiki, me ke kōkua o ia, ua loaʻa ʻia kahi lālā kūikawā o nā trotters, ma o ko lākou mau ʻano trotting a me ka haʻalulu, ʻaʻole lākou i ʻike i nā hoa.

Kākau Stallion

Hōʻailona i nā haʻalulu maʻamau

I ka laweʻana i nā leʻaleʻa maʻamau, ʻo ke ʻano nui a me ke aʻo ʻana i mākaukau e alakaʻi ai e ka poʻe akamai he mea nui loa ia. ʻO ka hoʻāʻo ʻia ka mandility agility a, ʻoiai, ʻaʻole he mea nui loa ka koho.

MaʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, i loko o nā mahiʻai he nui o nā stud, ua hānau ʻia nā naʻe mai nā mea hana maikaʻi loa. Ua ulu lākou i laila a hiki i ka hoʻohuli ʻana i hoʻokahi a meʻelua hapa mau makahiki, ma hope o ke kūʻai ʻia aku nei.

E alakaʻi ʻia nā lio no nā hoʻokolohua racetrack e nā mea hoʻomaʻamaʻa mākaukau. Hoʻokuʻu ʻia ia ma nā depots aʻoaʻo kūikawā. ʻO kahi lio ʻokiʻoni ʻAmelika, ma mua o ʻelua mau makahiki he nui, pono ke uhi i kahi kuʻi he 1,609 m ma ka liʻiliʻi loa he 2 mau minuke 15 mau kekona. Pono nā ʻāpana o nā ʻōpio.Inā maikaʻi ʻole nā ​​hopena o ka holo, ʻaʻole e hoʻohana ʻia ka lio i ka racetrack. Ma kēia ala, e mālama pono ʻia ka pae kiʻekiʻe o ka heihei.

I kēia manawa, ua ʻoka ʻia nā trotter ʻelua i ʻelua mau laina, e hilinaʻi ana ma ka gait me kahi e neʻe ai lākou. Ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo ʻAmekler ka mea mua, a ʻo ka trotters i ka lua. I loko o lākou āpau he mau mea hana e hāʻawi i nā hua maikaʻi.

Ma ka laina o nā mea hana, ʻo Direct, Abbadale a me Nible Hanover. A me nā trotters, Volomite, ʻo Skotlandia a me Axworthy e manaʻo ʻia pēlā.

Hoʻololi pinepine ka ʻōpio maʻamau i kēlā me kēia i ke ʻano o ke kino a me ka ulu. Ma muli o kēia ʻano i ke ʻano o ka koho i lawe wale ʻia e ka play play, a me ke ʻano o waho, i ka hoʻohālike, ʻaʻole ia he koʻikoʻi.

ʻAmelika ʻAmelika ma Lūkia

Ma Lūkia, i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka kenekulia 20, ma ka piko o ke kaulana i ka nui o nā Oryol trotters, ʻike ʻole i kahi lanakila, ka poʻe i ʻike ʻia e ko lākou wikiwiki a me ka wikiwiki. Ka nani no lākou a puni ka Europa. Aia ia mau lā, ʻoi loa hoʻi no nā hoʻokūkū me nā kālani Oryol, ua lawe mua ʻia kēlā mau lio maʻamau i Russia i ʻAmelika. Kahi inoa ʻole kēia inoa no ka pepeiao Rusia, no laila ua kapa koke ʻia lākou i nā inoa ʻAmelika. Ua lilo koke lākou i mau mea hoʻokūkū paʻakikī o ka lio holoʻokoʻa o Oryol, ka mea i ʻike ʻole ʻia ma loko o ʻEulopa āpau. ʻO nā ʻāpanaʻAmelika ma Rusia ma kahi mamao e hele mua.

Hōʻeaʻoki ʻo Russian trotter

Ma muli o ka lanakila i hoʻoiho ʻia e nā lio maʻamau, ua loaʻa i ka poʻe kahu pua o Lūkini ka manaʻo e hoʻomaikaʻi hou i ka hiki ʻana o nā trryters Oryol ma o ke kālai ʻana iā lākou me nā poʻe ʻAmelika. ʻO ia ke ʻano e hoʻomaka ai ke kaʻina o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana i ka mea hōʻili kaua Lūkini. ʻO nā ʻahā a Alvin, ʻo Bob Douglas a me General Eych, ka mea i hana ʻoi loa ka pua nui, a ʻo kekahi mau lālā ʻē aʻe o ka moʻomeheu maʻamau, i hele pū ʻia me nā Oryol trotters. A ma hope mai, ʻo lākou iho a me nā hopena mestizos i lilo i poʻe kūpuna o ka lio ʻauʻa Lūkini.

Hakiiki Gumbletonian

Hoʻopuka lua

No ka manawa lōʻihi, hoʻomaka ʻia mai ke kaua kīwila a hiki i ke 60s, ʻaʻole i kūʻai ʻia nā pahuhopu maʻamau. ʻO ka pono no lākou e puka i ka wā i hoʻoholo ai ka poʻe hooholima Soviet i hoʻonui i ka play play o ka Rotter Russian. A i ka makahiki 1966, ua lawe ʻia ka lua o ka lio o ka lio kahiko. I ka wā mua, ua noho nā lio i kūʻai ʻia e nā ʻohana mikiona Soviet ma ka pāmu o Zlynsky stud, a laila hele lākou i Ma Ma G GKK, he nui ma ke kūkulu hema. I ka manawa ua hoʻohuli koke ʻia ka lilo ʻana o ka māka lekiō, kahi ʻāpana o nā hana hoʻoneʻe i kau ʻia ma laila i lawe ʻia ai i ke Komite Kūkā Kūʻai Kuban i hana kūikawā no lākou.

Ma waena o nā ʻāpanaʻokiʻAmelika i kūʻai ʻia i ka makahiki 60s ʻo Low Hanover, ka mea, ʻoi aku ma mua o ke koena, ua hāʻawi ʻoi aku i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka hana ʻana o nā lio ʻauʻau Russian. Mai loko mai iā ia ka hānau nui ʻana o ka nui o nā trotters me ka haʻahaʻa nui.

Nā lāhui ma ka lāhui pākai

ʻEkolu hoʻokala

Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole hiki i ka hanauna hou o nā mamo a ke koʻikoʻi ke mālama nei i ka ʻenehana i ka pae i koi ʻia, a ua hoʻoholo ko nā puaʻa puaʻa e kūʻai i kahi ʻāpana o nā kuʻuna maʻamau. ʻO ke kolu o ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā trotters ʻAmelika i Lūkū ua ʻoi aku ka pōmaikaʻi. I kēlā manawa, ua lawe ʻia nā lio waiwai maoli mai ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa. ʻAʻole i hele wale ʻia kēia mau heiau me nā trotters o Lūkia, akā ua hoʻohana pū ʻia e hoʻohālikelike i nā pahuhopu maʻamau. ʻO ka mea kaulana loa o kēia ʻo Repriz. Ua koho ʻia ʻo ia ka mea ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua, no ka mea, ua hāʻawi ʻia kēia makana o ke kaeke a ka mea i ʻoi aku ma mua o hoʻokahi haneli trotters maikaʻi o ka papa o ka makahiki 2.05. Mai iā ia a ke kaikamahine a Low Hanover, ka mea i lawe ʻia mai i ka 60s mai USA a hiki i Sorrento, ʻo ia ka mea i ʻike ʻia ʻoi loa ʻo American trotter i hana ʻia ma Lūkia. ʻO Grotto lāua ʻo Nut kekahi ʻano kaulana kaulana.

Me ia, ua lawe ʻia ʻo Gallant Pro i USSR. ʻO Rangout ka pali a me ke kaikamahine a Reprise Rhetoric, hiki iā ia ke hoʻokūkū kaulana me Sorrento. No nā makahiki ʻehā, ʻo ia ka mea mua i ka nui o ke kālā o ka makana i loaʻa no ka hoʻokūkū. Ma ka Central Moscow Hippodrome, ua lua ʻo Rangout i ka lua. Ma laila ua lanakila ʻo ia ma kahi o nā waiwai nui. ʻO ka hoʻokō nui nui o ka Rangout e manaʻo ʻia ʻo ia ka moʻolelo i hoʻopaʻa ʻia e ia i ke komo ʻana i ka "Elite Prize". Mālama ʻo ia i ka mamao i 1 minuke 59.1 kekona. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka manawa o ka mast i hele ai i ke ala o 2400 m i ka lōʻihi e manaʻo ʻia ana kona paʻa pono loa. Ua lilo ia i 3 mau minuke 02.0 kekona.

Ka mea like o ko Rūkope a me ʻAmelika trotters

ʻO nā mea like ma waena o Lūkini a me ʻAmelika trotters i hānau ʻia ma Lūkini he mea kupanaha wale. Ma ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, hoʻokahi ʻōpio a ʻano haʻahaʻa loa i nā ʻenehana maʻamau mai ʻAmelika a me nā ʻāina ʻEulopa i ka ikaika, ʻoiai ma Rūsia e komo pū lākou i nā hoʻokūkū ma ka wāwae like, ʻoiai nā kāne Oryol e hoʻokūkū kūʻokoʻa wale kekahi me kekahi.

Ma Lūkia, ʻo ka huaʻāina o nā mea hana āpau a ʻAmelika ʻo Speedy Crown. Maiā mai ʻo Prakas, kahi kīwaha nāna i hoʻonohonoho i nā moʻolelo honua. I kēia manawa ma Rūsia, ua piha ʻo American trotter i nā pāmu lio ma mua o 15.

I kēia manawa, ʻo nā mea aloha ʻAmelika maikaʻi loa i hānau ai ma Rūsia, ʻo Lemur, Prelate a me Paraʻo. Ua hōʻike maoli ʻo Lemur i nā makahiki he ʻekolu. Ua uhi ʻia ʻo ia i kahi papa 1,600 mika i ka 1 minuke, 59.2 kekona. Hana maikaʻi ka prelate ma ka holo, ma ka hale a ma waho hoʻi. Ua hoʻohanohano ʻo ia iā ia iho i nā hoʻokūkū ma Kelemania, kahi ma kahi mamao o 1600 m ua hālāwai ʻo ia i 2 mau minuke. Ma Lūkia, ua uhi ʻo ia i kahi ala o 2400 m i 3 mau minuke, 3.0 kekona. ʻO Paraʻo ka mea nona ka waiwai a me nā palapala. ʻO ka manawa i uhi ʻia ai ka lōʻihi o 1,600 mika he 2 mau minuke a 0.4 kekona.

Akā he mea ʻole, ka ʻike ʻia ka lio ʻAmelika i ka honua holoʻokoʻa e like me ke kahua no ka wikiwiki a me ka haʻalulu, a a hiki i ka wā hiki ʻole ke kau no ka hua like ʻole.

Hiʻohiʻona maʻamau

Ua kapa ʻia kēlā ʻano maʻa maʻamau, ma hope mai o ka makahiki 1879 wale nō nā lio me kekahi ʻano maʻamau o ka huhū i hoʻomaka ʻia i loko o nā puke haʻawina. Ua paʻi ʻia ka puke huahelu mua o ka hua hou i ka makahiki 1871, a ʻewalu mau makahiki ma hope mai, ua lilo kona inoa i kēia manawa i maʻamau no ka ʻano.Hoʻopau), i ka unuhi ʻōlelo "loaʻa mai e ke kumu pono."

ʻO ka manaʻo hoʻohiwahiwa o ka "ʻAmelika" e wehewehe ʻia e ka ulu ʻana o kēia hua ʻano i ka hale kala. I ka lawe ʻana i ka hua, ua hoʻohana pū ʻia ʻo Norfolk trotters, nā lawena Kanada, nā Arapi, ʻo nā lio ʻo Bararian a me nā pono Morgan. Ke manaʻoʻiʻo ia nei nā ʻāpana āpau o nā ʻāpana āpau o ʻAmelika nei i hoʻokahi progenitor - ke ʻano bay Hamletonian X (Gambletonian Risdick).

Mai ka hānai ʻana i kēia pua e nā puaʻa lio, ʻaʻole i waiho mua ʻia ka ulu a me ka ʻikepili ma waho, ʻaʻole ʻona o nā kuʻuna maʻamau. Nā hila o kēia hua ma waena o 142 a 163 cm kiʻekiʻe, ʻoi aku ke kiʻekiʻe o kekahi manawa. Ma ka ʻaoʻao o waho, like ka pinepine o ka delirium maʻamau i ka racehorse piha me nā wāwae lōlihi a pōkole loa.

ʻO nā lole kūpono he bay, brown, ʻulaʻula, karak, liʻiliʻi i ʻeleʻele a me ka hina. Pono loa nā lio me nā hōʻailona keʻokeʻo. ʻAe hoʻāʻo e nā lio hina ke pale i ka hoʻoulu.