Kinoi - semi-akuatik holoholona, mammal rodents. ^ E Ha yM. Ma muli o kona ʻano like ʻana i ka kiʻiki a me ke alo o nā ʻōhua muscular, ʻike ʻia ka muskrat ʻOkole lālū. ^ E Ha yM. O ka nui o ka muskrat i oi aku ka nui ma mua o ka mauʻu, akā i kahiʻuoha i ka beaver, kahi mea like like ia.
He aha ka mea muskrat e like
ʻO ka nui o ka muskrat pākahi i loko ka lōʻihi mai 40 a 70 cm, nona wale no ka hapalua ke kū pololei ma ke kino, a o ke koena ma ka huelo. ʻO ka paona o ka muskrat hiki mai 0.6 a 2 kg, i ka awelika, mai ia 1 to 1,5 kg. ^ E Ha yM. He mānoanoa ka kino o ka muskrat, hoʻopuni ʻia, i uhi ʻia me ka lauoho mānoanoa. He pōkole ke ʻāʻī, he puʻuluʻi ke poʻo i ke ʻano me nā maka heʻe kiʻekiʻe, nā pepeiao, liʻiliʻi ka liʻiliʻi, mai ka lalo o ke kapa. He liʻiliʻi nā wāwae, me nā ʻaka ʻo nā lehelehe, me nā wāwae hind ma mua o ka mua a paʻa me nā membrane puna piha ʻole.
ʻO ka hulu Muskrat i loko o ʻelua papana - he undercoat pōkole lōʻihi a lōʻihi nā lauoho o waho. Hiki i ka pena o nā hulu ke hoʻololi i nā kala mai ke aniani a ʻeleʻele, ʻoiai ke ʻulaʻula nui ia. Ma ka ʻōpū, ua māmā ka hulu, i lalo i ka hina-hina.
ʻO ka huelo o ka muskrat ka lōʻihi, huluhulu me nā lauoho palu a me kahi lua hoʻi o ka lauoho palala, he ʻulaʻupu ma ke ʻano, ʻili ʻia i ka wā hope. Ke ʻauʻau, ua hana ka huʻu he wahi rumi. Ma ka honua, he kākoʻo maikaʻi loa ia i ka wā e noho ai ka muskrat. Ke hele nei, haʻalele ka huelo i kahi hōʻailona ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka honua i maʻalahi e ʻike. I nā kāne, ma hope o ka huelo, aia nā ʻelua kumuwaiwai inguinal e hūnā ana i ka mea huna musky, ka mea a ka muskrat i hoʻohana ai e hōʻailona i kona wahi.
ʻO kā ka muskrat e ʻai ai
Hoʻohana ʻo Muskrats i nā kahe a me nā mea kanu ʻē aʻe; ua hana ʻia kā lākou digestive no ke ʻano lāʻau uliuli. I ke kauwela, ʻai lākou i nā aʻa o nā mea kanu. I ka hoʻoilo, ʻauʻau lākou ma lalo o ka hau e hele i ka mea kanu. ʻAʻole lākou e mālama i ka meaʻai no ka hoʻoilo, akā i kekahi manawa e ʻai ai lākou i nā ʻano o nā hale o ko lākou mau lumi ʻaina a ʻaihue paha i ka meaʻai mai nā beaver. Ma ka laulā, ka moʻolelo o nā mea kanu no kahi 95% o kā lākou meaʻai. Akā ʻai pū lākou i nā holoholona liʻiliʻi, e like me nā mollusks wai, nā pōa, ka palaka, nā mea ʻona, a me nā iʻa liʻiliʻi ʻole.
Wahi e noho ai ka muskrat
ʻO ka muskrat kahi kumu no ʻAmelika Hema, ma Rūsia i kiʻi ʻia i kēia holoholona i 1928. I kēia manawa, ākea ka nohona o ka muskrat - aneane kokoke i ʻAmelika ʻAmelika a me kekahi hapa nui o Eurasia - mai ʻEulopa a me China a me Korea. Ma Lūkia - mai nā palena komohana ma ka ululāʻau āpau, ulu-ala-ala a me nā wahi taiga a hiki i Primorye a me Kamchatka.
ʻO ke ala ola semi-aquatic o ke ola o ka muskrat e hoʻoholo i kona noho ʻana ma nā kahawai o nā kahawai, nā kahawai, nā loko wai, nā loko a me nā ʻapu. Makemake ʻo Muskrat i ka wai māla wai, akā loaʻa nā wahi āpau i nā wai wai i loko o ka wai wai a me nā mea kanu momona. ʻAʻole noho kēlā rodent i nā wahi i kahe wale ai o nā kino o ka wai i lalo a i ʻole kahi i ka lau ke kahakai.
No ka hale, ua ʻohi nā muskrat i nā kahe wai ma ka ʻaoʻao o nā wai nui o ka wai me ke komo ʻana i lalo o ka wai, a kūkulu paha i nā hale i nā lāʻau o ka ʻohe i ka nui, ʻaihue, a me nā pōʻai. Aia ka lumi hoʻomaha ma loko o kēia mau lua ma luna o ka pae o ka wai. Hōʻike pinepine i ka hanana o ka fluctuations i ka pae o ka wai i ka wai i loko o ka wai i loko o ke kīkī, ke kiʻi nei ke kāmele i nā papahele ʻelua. Ma loko, ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka hale i ka lumala a me ka mauʻu palupalu, kahi e manaʻo nui ai ka ʻohana muskrat i ka hoʻoilo i ka hoʻoilo. ʻAʻole emi ka mahana i loko o ka lua ma lalo o 0 ° C.
ʻO ka wehewehe a me nā hiʻohiʻona o ka muskrat
Muskrat - Eia kekahi ʻano o ka rodents, nā ʻāpana a hiki i ka 40-60 kenimika. Pīhoihoi, ʻo ka huelo ʻo ia ka hapalua o ka lōʻihi o ke kino. ʻO kā lākou paona, mai 700 a 1800 kāpela. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia nā ʻelele o nā ʻano ʻano e ka hulu pua, kū ʻia ma kekahi mau aniani:
- palaunu
- Kāleʻeleʻeleʻele
- ʻEleʻele
Mai ka ʻōpū, loaʻa i ka hina-hina ka hulu. ʻAʻohe o ka huʻu o ka huluhulu, ʻo ia wale nō nā papa pākahi. He pākuʻikuʻu kona ʻaoʻao. ʻO ka hulu Muskrat waiwai loa. ʻO ke kumu kūʻai ʻo Muskrat nani loa.
ʻO ka muskrat kahi mea hele maikaʻi loa, ʻo ka peʻe a me ka hele ʻana o nā membrane pelu i nā wāwae hind i waena o nā manamana wāwae e kōkua ai i kēia. ʻAʻole like nā wāwae mua. Ma muli o kēia, hoʻopau nā rodents i kahi nui o ko lākou ola ma ka kaola kai. Hiki iā lākou ma lalo o ka wai no kahi o 17 mau minuke.
ʻO kekahi hiʻohiʻona hoihoi ʻo ke ʻano o nā lehelehe - incisors hele ma waena o lākou. ʻAe kēia muskrat holoholona E hoʻopau i nā mea kanu i lalo o ka wai me ka wehe ʻole o kou waha. He lohe lohe ʻia ka muskrat, ʻaʻole i like me nā mea nānā e like me ka hihiʻo a me ka ʻono. Ke kū mai kahi pōpilikia, hoʻolohe ia i nā leo.
He wiwo ʻole kēia holoholona, ʻōlelo paha kekahi. Inā ʻike ka muskrat i kahi ʻenemi i ke kāne, hiki iā ia ke wikiwiki iā ia. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā mea pio i ka noho pio ʻana a ʻoi aku ka maluhia.
ʻO ke kumu o ka hoʻoulu ʻana i kahi muskrat i loaʻa i ka hulu. ʻAʻole ʻiʻo kā kā lākou ʻai i ka waiwai kūikawā, ʻoiai aia i kekahi mau'āina ua manaʻo ʻia ia he mea kaulana loa. Ma ke ala, loaʻa ka momona o nā muskrat i nā wahi hōʻola.
Ke noho maʻamau
Ke alakaʻi nei ka muskrat i ke ala like o ke ola me ka beaver. I ke kauwela mua, koho ke kāne i ka wahine, a hoʻomaka pū lākou e kūkulu i ko lākou home. Noho ka ʻokiʻoki ʻana ʻo Muskrats, ma nā ʻohana ʻohana, loaʻa i kēlā me kēia hui kekahi ʻāina, kahi i hōʻailona ʻia e nā kāne. ʻO ka nui o ke kuʻina o ka ʻohana ʻohana muskrats kahi wahi i loko o kahi radius e pili ana i kanalima mau mika mai ka home. I ka pūnāwai, e hoʻokuʻu ʻia aku ka hanauna kahiko mai ka pūnaewele a hoʻomaka i kahi ola kūʻokoʻa. I ka wā hoʻoiho, pinepine ka ʻōpio kāne i waena o lākou iho ma luna o ke āpau a me nā wahine. Nui ka ʻeha a pepehi ʻia paha ma kēia hakakā. Aia nō ka cannibalism ma ka overpopulation ma loko o ka pāʻina kai.
Hiki i ka muskrat ka hana ʻana i nā kani srealing a screeching. Ua hoʻomohala ʻo ia i nā hanana sensory (ʻike maka, hoʻolohe a ʻono).
ʻO Musitrat Habitat
No ka muskrat, hana ʻia ka wai wai ma kahi kūlohelohe maoli. Pākuʻe ʻo ia iā ia i kahi hapa nui o kona ola. Inā he nui ka ʻōpala a ka nui a me nā koina o nā mea kanu, kūkulu nā holoholona i ka lua a me nā wahi honu ma laila, kahi lākou e noho ai a hānai no nā lā lōʻihi. ʻO kahi kikoʻī nui nui ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻole kēia wahi noho.
Aia nā kiko o nā rodents e pili ana iā 40-50 cm mai kēlā me kēia. Noho ʻia nā holoholona e nā ʻohana, ka helu o nā mea e noho ai ma luna o ka hale kō. Ma 100 mau eka, ma ka awelika, mai 1 a 6 mau ʻohana e noho ana.
Hiki i nā muskrats ke kūkulu i nā ʻano o nā hale no lākou iho, no ka nohona mau nō lākou ka honu a me nā ʻuʻuku. I ka hoʻoilo, hiki ke loaʻa nā kahua i kūkulu ʻia mai ka hau a me nā mea kanu. ʻO ke anawaena o ka lua a hiki i 20 mau kenimika, ma hope o ka honu o ka pūnana i ukali (a hiki i 40 kenimita).
Ke maloʻo mau loko i loko, uhi ʻia nā mea kanu. ʻEā pinepine nā mau pā lua a aia i ke kumu kumu o ka lāʻau kahakai. Aia ka puka o ka lua i luna o ka wai ma luna, e pale ai iā ia mai nā mea hāʻawi ʻino.
Kūkulu ʻia nā hule ma nā wahi he nui nā mānoanoa a me nā mea kanu wai. Hoʻohālikelike like lāua i kahi like a me ka nui, ua laina lākou i luna o ke kiʻekiʻe o ka wai (a hiki i 1.5 mau mika).
Hoʻomaka ka hana ʻana o nā hule i ka hāʻule, a kū lākou i ka hoʻoilo i ka hoʻoilo. Ua maloʻo a mahana hoʻi, a ʻo ka puka ma ka hut i ka wai. ʻAʻohe ala e ʻike i nā mea āpau me kou mau maka ponoʻī, kiʻi muskrat Hiki ke loaʻa i kā lākou hale ma nā kumu like ʻole.
Pono ke ola o kahi muskrat home i kū i kona ʻano manuahi manuahi. ʻO ia, e pono ai i nā loko wai i loko o ka wai me ka wai. Ke ʻole ia, ʻaʻole i hiki ke noho ʻia ka holoholona, pono e holoi me ka mucous membrane o nā maka, e mālama i ka maʻemaʻe a me ka hoa kāne.
Ma kahi o ka wai hiki ke alakaʻi i ka make o ka holoholona. Eia kekahi, pono e hoʻololi ʻia ma ka liʻiliʻi he hoʻokahi i kēlā me kēia 3 mau lā, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka manawa pinepine. E hoʻoikaika nui ana nā Muskrats a me nā holoholona mobile, no laila ʻaʻole pono nā liʻiliʻi o kā lākou hoʻopuni. Kūkulu ʻia nā Muskrats i kā lākou mau puʻu, no ka mea, he nui kēia mau ʻenemi. Kokoke nā poʻe āpau nui ma mua ona.
ʻAno hānau
E lilo ka muskrats i ka moe kolohe i 7-12 mau mahina. E like me ka hapanui o nā rodents, ʻo nā muskrats he koʻikoʻi nui. I loko o ka makahiki, hiki i ka wahine ke hana hou i nā litters ʻelua a ʻekolu paha e pili ana i ka ʻāina, a i kēlā me kēia lāhiā awelika 6-8 mauʻu. ^ E Ha yM. ʻO ka manawa gestation he 30 mau lā. Hānau ʻia nā kerubima a kapa ʻole paha, hoʻomaka wale lākou e ʻike i nā hebedoma ʻelua. ʻO ka paona o nā cubs e pili wale ana 22 kalona. ^ E Ha yM. Eia naʻe, ulu wikiwiki i ka mahina i loko o kahi mahina e kūʻokoʻa, akā e noho pū me ko lākou mau mākua no ka hoʻoilo. I ka pūnāwai, ma hope o ka hoʻoilo, ua hoʻokipa ka hanauna ulu.
Kolo loa ola ka papa muskrat a vivo 3 mau makahiki, i ka pio, hiki ke ola a hiki i 10 mau makahiki. ʻOiai ka kiʻekiʻe o ka hoʻohiwahiwa, ʻo ka nui o nā muskrats e mau nei i ka pae like hoʻokahi. I wehewehe ʻia kēia ma ka hele ʻana o nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe he nui. ʻO nā muskrats kahi kumuʻai waiwai nui no nā holoholona ʻē aʻe ʻē aʻe, e like me ka mink, fox, raccoon dog, wolf, lynx, bear, eagles, snakes, jackal, ermine, many Owwe and hantu. ʻO nā iʻa musk nui, e like me ka lae, ka pike, he ʻenehana muskrat.
Mea ʻai
Hoʻokomo ʻo Muskrats i nā mea kanu, akā ʻaʻole hoʻi e hoʻopoina i ka meaʻai o ka mea e ola ai nā holoholona. ʻO ke kumu o ke ʻano meaʻai i nā ʻāpana:
I ka hoʻopio ʻia, hoʻāʻo lākou e hāʻawi i nā muskrats i ka meaʻai like ʻole, me ka hoʻohui ʻana i kahi mea ʻai o ke kumu o nā holoholona (me ka iʻa a me ka ʻai manu. Nui a maikaʻi nā huahana a ʻai ʻia o ka holoholona, hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia i ka cereal, pālua mua maʻa, pālea ʻai, huaʻai hou, nā ʻano hua āpau.
Aia hoʻi i ka home, ua hāʻawi ʻia nā rodents i ka ʻahaʻaina a me ka ʻūpī i hoʻomoʻa ʻia. Hiki i nā Muskrats ma waho ka mea e hānai i nā baki, mollusks, a me nā mea ʻino like ʻole. Kahi meaʻai ʻano nui iā lākou mai ka hapa ʻole o ka nānā lāʻau. ʻAʻole lākou e ʻai i ka iʻa.
ʻO ke kaʻina hana o ka ʻili o ka muskrat a me kona waiwai
Ma ka weheʻana o ka huki e hoʻomaka i ka hana lawkrat lawaiʻa ʻana. ^ E Ha yM. Mahalo nui ʻia kona kino a he kumu kūʻai nui. ʻO nā Muskrat Skins ka mea nui i ka hana nānā akahele. I ka mua ma ka mālama maikaʻi lākou. Ma hope o ke maloʻo piha ʻana, hoʻopau ʻia. No laila ua hoʻonā ʻia, maloʻo a hana ʻia.
Hele nā wahi nui i nā huahana hulu nui, nā mea liʻiliʻi e hoʻohana pinepine no nā pāpale. ʻO nā pāpale mai ka muskrat he meaʻoluʻolu loa ia eʻaʻahu ʻia. Eia nō hoʻi, mai hōʻole nā fashionista āpau e kūʻai i ke kapa hulu mai kahi muskrat, he mea wela nui lākou, ʻoluʻolu a nani hoʻi. E mālama pono ʻia nā hana āpau, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea akamai.
Buy muskrat hiki i nā hale kūʻai. Ke noi nui nei nā huahana mai kāna hulu. ʻAʻole hoʻohana ʻia ka ʻiʻo Muskrat, ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo ia ka mea kiʻekiʻe loa, ʻoiai ke hoʻohana nā kānaka he nui. Kumukūʻai Muskrat, a ma ka liʻiliʻi, pili i kona ʻili, e kūpaʻa ana i ke ʻano a me ka nui o ka hulu. No ke kumu o ke kala, ʻo ia hoʻi ka mea maʻamau, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka uku.
Hōʻike Muskrat
ʻO ka musk rat ke ʻano hoʻokahi o nā ʻano a me ka genk muskrat. ^ E Ha yM. Ke hōʻike ʻia nei nā muskrats e nā kumuwaiwai semi-akuatic o nā subfamily o nā voles no ke kauoha o ka rodents a ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo ia kekahi o nā lālā nui o ka ʻohana Paeae ma ʻAmelika ʻākau. Ua hoʻohuli hoʻi lākou i ke ola i loko o Rūsia, ʻEulopa a me ʻAsia ʻAmelika, a ua lawe ʻia mai lākou me ka mea ʻike.
ʻO kā lākou helehelena o waho e koi i ka pilikino He ʻanā ʻanā nā mea i ka ʻeha kino i ka launa ʻana i ke kīhāpai a ʻo ia nō ke kahu i nā kahawai wai i nā manawa like. Noho ka muskrat ma ke ʻano kūlohelohe o nā muliwai a me nā loko, a ma nā hale waihona ʻoluʻolu, i nā kūlana o nā pāʻai mahiai.
Kāleka
ʻO ka mauʻu ʻōkuhi paha ka hulu wai, ʻo ka hapa he brownish. ʻO ia he mau papa o ka lole o waho a me undercoat. ʻO kēia mau nāhelehele, kūpono i nā pale paʻi paʻi ʻo ke kūlana kiʻekiʻe loa. Ua uhi ʻia ke kino me ka huluhulu palupalu palupalu, a me nā lauoho pale e lōʻihi aku nei, he coarser a he ʻano hoʻi. Kūkulu kēia ʻano i ka hopena hydrophobic, no ka mea hiki ʻole i ka wai ke komo i ka ʻili hulu. Mālama pono ʻia nā Muskrats i ko lākou "huluhulu hulu", hoʻomaʻemaʻe pinepine ʻia a hoʻomoʻa ʻia me ka ʻaila kūikawā.
He hoihoi! Hiki ke hoʻololi i ka kala. ʻO ka kua a me nā wāwae me ka huelo eʻeleʻele maʻamau. Ua ʻoi aku ka māmā o ka ʻōpū a me ka ʻāʻī, pinepine i ka hina hina. I ka hoʻoilo, nani ke waihoʻoluʻu ke kapa i ke kauwela, i ke kauwela e wela loa i lalo o ke kahe o ka lā a hoʻomālamalama ʻia i kahi pale a i ʻelua paha.
ʻO kā lākou kāʻei e like me ka wili a me ka hope o ka lauoho. Ka hona, ua uhi ʻia lākou i ka ʻili palupalu, me he mea lā e ʻūʻī ʻia i nā ʻaoʻao, a ma ka ʻaoʻao o lalo, aia kahi keala hina, kahi waiho i kahi māka ma ke ala kūloko i ka wā e hele ana. Aia i kona kahua ua nā kīpono inguinal e puka mai ana i kahi momona musky kaulana, ma waena o ia holoholona i hōʻailona i nā palena o kona mau wahi. Hoʻokomo ʻia ka huelo o ka iole i ka neʻe, ka lawelawe ʻana i ka ʻāina ma ka ʻāina a me ka lawaiʻa manu i ka wai.
He poʻo liʻiliʻi ko ka muskrat me kahi muzzle blunt. ʻĀnō ka ʻike a me ka ʻono o ka ʻohu. Piʻumi nā kino. He liʻiliʻi na pepeiao o ka mau musky mau makaʻala a ʻike ʻole ʻia ma hope o ka hulu a puni lākou. ʻO nā maka he liʻiliʻi, protrude ma mua o ke ʻano o ke poʻo, kahi kiʻekiʻe. E like me nā niho, e like me nā koena āpau, he mau incisors koʻikoʻi nā muskrats. Ke pale nei lākou ma mua o ka waha, aia ma hope o ka lehelehe. ʻAe kēia hale i ka holoholona e ʻona i nā mea i ka hohonu a i ʻole ka komo ʻana o ka wai i ka lua o ka waha.
ʻO nā wāwae mua o ka muskrat i piha i nā manamana lima ʻehā a me kahi liʻiliʻi. Hoʻokomo pono ʻia nā forelimb liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi no ka hoʻopololei pono ʻana i nā mea kanu a me ka eli. Ma nā wāwae hind o ka muskrat mau ʻelima mau manamana lima e paʻa ana me ka hanana a me ka membranous. ʻO ia ka mea hiki i ka holoholona ke holo pololei i ka element wai. Nā hiʻohiʻona o ka hoʻākāka olakino o kekahi holoholona makua: 47 ka lōʻihi o ke kino - 470-630 milimita, ka lōʻihi o ka huelo - 200-270 milimita, kokoke ke kaupaona - 0.8-1.5 kilograms. I ka nui, ʻo ka muskrat pākeke pakeke ka mea like i kahi mea ma waena o kahi beaver a me kahi mauʻu maʻamau.
ʻO ka kumu o ke ʻano a me ka wehewehe
ʻO Muskrat kahi momi a, kahi mea koʻokoʻo ia, ka manawa nui o ka manawa pōkole i ka wai. Hana ʻo ia ʻo ia wale nō nā mea hoʻohālike o kāna ʻano ʻano a me nā ʻano o nā muskrat rodents. Kii ʻia ko lākou heluna ma nā ʻāina ʻo ʻAmelika ʻAmelika, kahi e noho ai nā holoholona ma ke kula nui, a ua lawe ʻia mai kahi muskrat i Lūkia, ʻAmelika Hema a me ʻEulopa e kekahi kanaka, ma laila kahi i noho hauʻoli ai.
ʻEpekema ʻepekema nei nā kūpuna o nā muskrat i mau moni. ʻOi aku ko lākou liʻiliʻi, ʻaʻole like ko lākou mau niho me ka ikaika a me ka ikaika e like me nā mauʻaoʻao musk. A laila neʻe kokoke ka holoholona i ka ʻāina o ʻAmelika Akau, a hoʻomaka nā holoholona e neʻe i kahi kokoke i ka wai, a laila kahi ala semi-aquatic. Manaʻo ʻia ua kūkulu ʻia nā hiʻohiʻona hoihoi a pau i nā holoholona, e ʻae iā lākou e noho i ka wai no ka manawa lōʻihi, ʻo ia ka:
- kahi huelo moʻo nui, kahi aneane ʻaʻole huluhulu.
- membranes ma nā wāwae hind
- huluhulu wai
- hoihoi ʻia nā lehelehe luna, kahi e ʻae ai nā mua i mua o ka puʻu o ka alawae ma lalo o ka wai me ka ʻole e wehe i ko lākou waha.
Ua manaʻo ʻia he nui ka nui o nā holoholona i ka nui ma muli o ka kūpono o ka hana ʻana i ko lākou mau home: minks, lodges. Hāʻawi ka nui i nā muskrats i mea e mālama i ko lākou ikaika a ʻoi aku ka ikaika.
E like me ia a ʻaʻole paha, ua loaʻa nā metamorphoses i ka wā o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka puka o nā mea holoholona i hāʻawi ʻia me nā mea e ʻike ai i kahi ala semi-akuatic.
ʻO ka wehewehe a Rodent
Wahi a ka ʻikepili waho, ua like ka muskrat me ka kiʻiki, no laila ua kapa ʻia ʻo ia i ka "musk rat". Akā ʻoi aku ka nui o kēia ʻano holoholona ma mua o kekahi mauʻu hina ʻona.
- Latin inoa: Ondatra zibethicus
- Aupuni: Nā holoholona
- Kākau: Nā Mamali
- Kauoha: Rodents
- Kāohi: Hamster
Torso
Hoʻopili ke kino, pōkole ka ʻāʻī, liʻiliʻi ke poʻo, puʻu nā puʻu. Hoʻohui maikaʻi loa ʻia ka holoholona i ka anatomically i ke ʻano semi-aquatic. Kūʻai liʻiliʻi mai ka huluhulu mai ka hulu, ʻili iki nā maka, hoʻonoho kiʻekiʻe.
Paʻu ʻia nā niho me nā mea ukiuki a hoʻokaʻawale iā lākou mai ke ana o ka waha, mahalo i kēia, humalehu ka holoholona i nā mea kanu ma lalo o ka wai a ʻaʻole naue.
Paele
Ua hānoʻili ʻia ke kaʻe i nā ʻaoʻao, ua uhi ʻia kona ʻaoʻao i nā lau me nā lauoho liʻiliʻi, ma ka ʻaoʻao ma laila ke kuʻu o ka lauoho lōʻihi. Ma nā ʻōpū lik e neʻe ai nā membranes, nā lauoho pōkole e ulu a kokoke i nā kihi o nā manamana lima.
Holo a me ka kala
ʻO ka hulu muskrat ka lōlihi lauoho maikaʻi a me ka undercoat palupalu. Hoʻohui ke kua a me nā wāwae mai ka brown brown i ka uliuli. He māmā ka tummy, i ka manawa hina-hina hoʻi. I ke kauwela, lilo ia i ka māmā. Ma keʻano holoʻokoʻa, mānoanoa, poloka, lulu a me ka wai ʻole. Hoʻopili maikaʻi ka muskrat iā ia me nā mea huna momona a hoʻohui iā ia.
Hoʻonui ka ʻike o ka hemoglobin i loko o ke koko o kahi rodent, aia ka nui o ka myoglobin i loko o nā naʻau, he mea hou kēia e loaʻa ai i ka oxygen no ka hoʻoulu ʻana ma lalo o ka wai. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia ka muskrat i ka hanana o ka heterothermia, ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻo ka hiki ke hoʻoponopono i ke kahe o ke koko i nā wāwae a me kahi ʻihi. ʻOi aku ka palaka ma mua o ke koena o ke kino.
Noho kahi e noho ai
Ua loaʻa mua ʻo Muskrat ma ʻAmelika ʻAmelika mai Alaska a Labrador a hiki i Texas a me Mexico ʻĀkau. Ua hoʻopuka ʻia nā manawa lehulehu iā ʻEulopa, ma muli o kahi ulu pālahalaha nui ʻana o nā holoholona ma Eurasia i Mongolia, Kina a me Korea.
Ma Lūkia, e hoʻomaka ana ka hale muskrat mai Finlandia a hoʻomau ma waena o ka ulu lāʻau o ka māhele ʻEulopa i Siberia, ka Far East a me Kamchatka.
Eia kekahi, noho ka muskrat i ka ʻIseraʻela, ma nā kapa o nā wai hou.
ʻAno lawehala
Ke alakaʻi nei nā muskrats i kahi nohona semi-akuatic, ola ma ke kahawai o nā kahawai, nā loko, nā kaiāulu, nā wai ʻano wai. Hāʻawi ʻia ka makemake i ka papau, 1-2 m hohonu, ʻaʻole nā hukele me nā panana i hoʻopuni ʻia me nā lāʻau maloʻo ʻōpala.
Hōʻike nā manawa o ka hana kiʻekiʻe loa no ka holoholona ma hope o ka lā a me ka kakahiaka, akā naʻe i ka muskrats aoao i ka hana o ke ao.
Noho nā Muskrats i nā lua a me nā ʻaka, kahi a lākou e kūkulu ai iā lākou iho. Kuhi lākou i nā lua ma nā waihona kiʻekiʻe. ʻO ka lōʻihi o nā pauka ma nā wahi ākea ka loa ma ka 2 a 3 m, ma nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa a hiki i 10 m. Aia ma lalo o ka wai ka lua o ka lua ma lalo, ʻaʻole ʻike ʻia mai waho, ke keʻena pili i luna o ka pae o ka wai. Hiki ke kūkulu ʻia nā lumi hoʻomaha ma nā papahele ʻelua a hoʻohui ʻia e nā pauku, ʻo ia ka mea e pono ai ke loli ka pae o ka wai o ka waihona wai. Ma nā hana palaka koʻikoʻi, ʻaʻole e emi ka hāleʻa i loko o ke aniani ma lalo o 0 ° C. Ma nā kahawai kaʻo haʻahaʻa, kūkulu ka muskrat i ka ʻohe, ʻoi ʻia a me nā ʻeke hoki i hoʻopaʻa ʻia, i paʻa ʻia i ka ulaula, ma luna o ka wai mai ke kumu waʻu. I ke kiʻekiʻe ua mai lākou mai ka 1 a hiki i 1.5 m. Aia ka puka ma lalo o ka wai. Eia kekahi, kūkulu ka muskrat i ka noke hamama hāmeʻa e mālama nei i nā ʻāina e hānai ana, a me nā kāʻei no nā lako meaʻai no ka hoʻoilo.
Noho ʻo Muskrats i nā hui ma nā wahi meaʻai. Mālama ʻo Males i ka mea huna musky e hōʻailona ai i ka ʻāina. Puke ʻē aku nā Aliʻi. I ka pūnāwai, ua hoʻokele ʻo nā wahine i kā lākou hua ulu.
ʻO ka pūnāwai a me ka lūlū, lilo nā muskrats i kahi noho lōʻihi i ka neʻe ʻana i ka huli ʻana i nā kaila o ka manuahi a me nā wahi momona.
Ua kūpono loa nā Muskrats no ka ʻauʻau a me ka diving. Ma lalo o ka wai wai mai 12 a 17 mau minuke. Hoʻoulu maikaʻi ka ʻike a me ka aroma ʻana, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻolohe ʻana.
Nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe
ʻO ka nui ʻana o nā muskrats i nā ʻano he nui, ua komo pū lākou me ka mea ʻai a ka poʻe predator he nui, no ka laʻa, raccoon, otter, raccoon dog, pūlarn, moon, alligator, pike. ʻO ka hōʻeha nui i hōʻino ʻia i nā rodents e minks, ka mea e noho nei ma ka wahi like i ka muskrats, a hiki ke komo i ko lākou minks ma nā wahi i lalo o ka wai. Ma ka ʻāina, ua hoʻouka ʻia nā muskrats e nā alopeke, coyotes, dogs dogs. Kāwili manu a hōʻaiu i ka pōʻai i ka pēpē. Hoʻokomo ʻia nā ʻuʻā a me nā muskrat hut e nā ʻīlio, nā ʻūʻā, nā puaʻa hihiu.
Hūlū ʻia ka muskrat mai kona mau ʻenemi kūlohelohe ma lalo o ka wai a i loko o kahi moʻo paha; i ka wā hoʻouka ʻo ia ke pale iā ia iho e hoʻohana ana i kona mau niho a me kāna mau lima.
Ma keʻano holoʻokoʻa ka nui o ka muskrat a me ka pālahalaha, ʻo ka mea ke ʻano o nā fecundity kiʻekiʻe a me ka maʻalahi o ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā loli i loko o ka noho. Koho ʻia ka nui o ka rodent ma nā ʻano kūlohelohe kūlohelohe; no nā kumu ʻike ʻole, ua emi loa ia i kēlā me kēia 6-10 mau makahiki.
ʻO nā ʻike e pili ana i nā mea rodent:
- ʻO ka Muskrat kahi holoholona kālepa ulaula koʻikoʻi, he mea ia e loaʻa ai i kahi ʻili mau a koʻikoʻi. Ua ʻai ʻia ka ʻiʻo Muskrat; ma ʻAmelika Kaleponi ua kapa ʻia ʻo "rabbit wai." ʻO ka muskrat i lawe mua ʻia i ʻEulopa i ka makahiki 1905. Ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia nā pakanikua ma kahi kokoke i Prague, kahi lākou i noho ai a hoʻomaka e hoʻomaka a ulu a me nā ʻōlule, no ka mea, ʻaʻole i hoʻopiokuei nā mea kolohe iā lākou. Ma hope o hoʻokahi mau kau, ua lilo ka muskrat i ʻike maʻamau i Western Europe. Lawe ʻia i Russia (USSR) i 1928, a i ka hopena o ke aniani he 40 nui i manaʻo ʻia he holoholona mea nui i hui pū ʻia, me nā pūmole. Mai Lūkia, ua pālahalaha ka muskrat i Kina, Korea a me Mongolia.
- Hiki i ka Muskrat ke hōʻino i nā ʻōnaehana irrigation, dams and dams, and the agriculture, specially penanaman penanaman. Me ka hoʻouluulu ʻole, ʻaʻole e hoʻopau ka holoholona i nā mea kanu a me ke kahakai. Eia kekahi, ua loaʻa ka muskrat i nā maʻi 10, ma waena o kahi tularemia a me ka paratyphoid. No kēia mau kumu, aia i nā ʻāina ʻEulopa nā muskrats e ʻōlelo ʻia ana i nā holoholona holoholona a luku ikaika. No ka laʻana, ma Netherlands a me Belgium, hoʻopau loa nā muskrat burrows i nā pan o nā waʻa a me nā loko, nā ʻama a me nā ʻamo, nā holoholona i ʻaihue i nā ʻupena lawaiʻa.
Kālā
I ka wā mua, ua lawe ʻia ka muskrat i nā biotopes o ʻAmelika kokoke, e kokoke ana i nā wahi a pau - mai Alaska a Labrador a hiki i Texas a me Mexico ʻĀkau. Ua hoʻopuka ʻia nā manawa pinepine iā ʻEulopa a ma muli o kona ākea pālahalaha loa ma Eurasia, pololei a hiki i Mongolia, Kina a me Korea.
Ma Lūkia, ua hoʻonui aku ka muskrat mai nā palena ʻo Finland ma ka puni kai holoʻokoʻa o ka ʻāpana ʻEulopa o Rūsia a me kahi ʻāpana koʻikoʻi o nā ʻalāʻau ala-ala a me nā taiga o Siberia a hiki i ka Far East a me Kamchatka.
ʻActerlelo ola a me ke ʻano
ʻO nā heihei lākona he mau holoholona hoʻomaha ʻole ke hiki ke hoʻoikaika a puni i ka uaki.. ^ E Ha yM. ʻO lākou nā mea hana maikaʻi o ka moena a me nā mea hoʻomohala hōkū i ʻeli i ke ala ma nā ʻaoʻao o nā kahawai kahawai a i ʻole e hana i nā ʻuʻuku mai ka ʻōpala a me nā mea kanu i hāʻule i loko o ka lima. Hiki i ko lākou mau kiko ke hiki i 2 mau mika ka lōʻihi me ke kiʻekiʻe o 1,2 mika. Loaʻa nā paia o ka hale e pili ana i 30 sentimita ākea. I loko o ka hale ua nui nā komo a me nā kaila e komo i loko o ka wai.
Ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā ʻōlapa ʻana mai kekahi i kekahi. Hiki iā lākou ke hōʻea i kahi mahana kūloko o 20 degere wela ma mua o ke ana ambient ma waho. Hoʻokumu pū nā ʻūkī Musk i nā mea i kapa ʻia nā "feed trough." Eia kekahi ʻano ʻē aʻe i loaʻa iā 2-8 mau mika mai ka moena a hoʻohana i ka mālama ʻana i nā meaʻai i nā mahina hoʻoilo. Wehe i ke kanikani mau kime ma loko o ka pākele mai ko lākou hale i kā lākou "mau pahu" e hiki ai i ke komo i nā lako.
Hiki nō i nā ʻōkuhi Musk ke noho i nā kahawai wai o ka ʻāina mahiai, kahi nui ka ʻai a me ka wai. ʻO ka hohonu kūpono o ka wai no ka home o ka muskrat mai 1.5 a 2.0 mau mika. ʻAʻohe lākou e hoʻopilikia i nā wahi kaʻawale a ʻaʻole pono i nā kūpuna wai nui. ʻO kā lākou mea nui no ka hoʻoponopono ʻana ka nui o nā meaʻai i ka laulā e hāʻawi ʻia ana ma ke ʻano o ke kahakai a me nā mea kanu wai. ʻO ka lōʻihi o nā kaila i hiki aku i 8 mika. ʻAʻole ʻike ʻia ka puka e komo ai i ka hale mai waho mai, no ka mea me huna malu ʻia ma lalo o ka koloka wai. Heʻike kūikawā nā Muskrats no ka kūkulu hale ʻana, ka mea e pale ai iā ia mai ka waikahe. Ke kūkulu nei lākou ia i ma nā papa ʻelua.
He hoihoi! ʻO kēia mau holoholona kahi lawaiʻa weliweli. Loaʻa iā lākou kekahi mea hana hou - ka hāʻawi ʻia o nā pono i loko o ke koko a me nā ʻuʻuku no kahi ola i lalo o ka wai. Hāʻawi kēia i nā rodents musky i hiki ke kū i kahi wā lōʻihi ʻole ka ea.
No laila, hiki iā lākou ke hele i nā dives lōʻihi. Ua hōʻike ʻia i nā hihia o ka holoholona ma lalo o ka wai no 12 mau minuke ʻole i ka lewa i loko o ka ʻoihana a no 17 mau minuke i ka hihiu ua kākau ʻia. He mea koʻikoʻi pono nui ka kiʻina o nā muskrats, kahi e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke holo wikiwiki i kahi mea kuhi. No ka mea e ʻae maikaʻi ana lākou e makaʻala i ka poʻe lawaiʻa o ka poʻe aloha a me ka ʻauʻau i ka palekana. Ma ka ʻaoʻao, e kau ana nā muskrats i ka wikiwiki ʻo e 1,5-5 mau hola no ka hola. A ʻo kēia me ka hoʻohana ʻole o kahi mea huna huna - ʻo ka huelo.
Ua hoʻohana lākou i ko lākou mau wāwae wāwae e neʻe ma luna o ka mokulele o ka honua. Ma muli o ke ʻano o ke kino a me kona kahakaha ākea, a me ka lohi - ʻaʻole hoʻi i ʻike ka ʻao i ka leʻaleʻa. Ma muli o ka liʻiliʻi o nā wāwae ʻākau, ua kākoʻo ʻia lākou e pili kokoke ana i lalo o ka moa a ʻaʻole i hoʻohana ʻia no ka lokomokala. Ma lalo o ke kai no ka lawaiʻa, e hoʻohana ka muskrats i kā lākou huelo, e hele ana i ka lokomikini i ka palena. Mālama ke ʻano o ko lākou kino i ka wā ʻauʻau e hiki iā ʻoe ke neʻe koke i ka wai e alualu i ka mea lawehala a pale aku i nā mea wānana. Eia kekahi, i ka hōʻina o ka pakele, hiki ke loaʻa i nā māla-like me ke ana o ka pelu a lākou i hūnā maikaʻi ai. Hiki i nā kiʻi kohu ke eli iā lākou i ke kahawai a kali i kahi mea kuhi ma lalo o kahi o nā mea kanu, aia ma luna o ka wai wai.
Hiki i ke hoʻonohonoho o ka hale ke mālama iā ʻoe i ka thermoregulation pono i loko. No ka laʻana, i nā manawa hoʻoilo anuanu, ʻaʻole i hāʻule ka lōʻihi o ke ea i loko o ka lua ma lalo o zero degere Celsius. A hiki i ʻeono mau kanaka ke noho i hoʻokahi hale hoʻoilo i ka manawa. ʻO kahi heluna nui i ka hoʻoilo e hāʻawi i ke mālama metabolic. ʻO nā holoholona hou, ʻo ka mea mahana ka like pū.
No laila, i nā holoholona e noho ana i kahi pūʻulu, loaʻa nā manawa nui e ola i nā frosts ma kahi o hoʻokahi kanaka. ʻOi aku ka nui o nā muskrats i ke anuanu ke hele nei lākou iā lākou iho. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa koʻikoʻi i ke anuanu ka huluhulu ʻokoʻa piha o ka holoholona, ʻo ia ka mea nui i ka hau. I nā hihia koʻikoʻi, hiki i ka muskrats ke anuanu i kāna huelo piha piha i ka hoʻōlaʻana i ka hiki ke hiki. Ua hoʻopaʻa pinepine ʻia nā ʻano o nā cannibalism kūloko. Hiki ke ulu ʻia kēia ʻano ma muli o ka overpopulation o ka hui hale i nā kūlana o ka nele o ka meaʻai. Hopu pinepine nā kāne no nā wahine a me nā wahi teritorial.
Ehia mau muskrats e ola
ʻO ka hapa maʻamau ma waena o kahi muskrat ma lalo o 2-3 mau makahiki. ^ E Ha yM. ʻO ka mea ʻo ka make nui o nā holoholona ma ka holoholona hihiu, ʻo ia ka 87% o nā mea ma ka makahiki mua o ke ola, 11% i ka lua, ʻo ke koena 2% ʻaʻole ola i 4 mau makahiki. I nā kūlana o ka mālama ʻana i ka home, e noho ana nā muskrats a hiki i ka 9-10 mau makahiki, ke hoʻolako ʻia nei lākou e mālama ʻoluʻolu ʻia. Ma ke ala, maʻalahi ka mālama ʻana iā lākou i ke pio. ʻAi ʻo Muskrats i nā mea āpau a lākou e hāʻawi ʻia ai, a me ka leʻaleʻa. I ka wā hoʻolōʻihi i ka uluʻana, hiki ke hoʻohui ʻia nā huahana me ka kalepona i ka papa hana. E like me ka pīkī liʻiliʻi, ka waiū, nā iʻa momona haʻahaʻa a me ka ʻai. Hoʻopili koke nā ʻōlima Musk i mua o ke kanaka, akā ʻaʻole e nalowale nā maka. Hiki i kēia mau holoholona ke mea lawe i nā maʻi he nui.
He kūlana kanaka a me kahi kūlana kanaka
ʻO Muskrat - kekahi o nā ʻano nui ka nui o ka hulu manu, hoʻolako i ka ʻoki pono. Aia ka ʻai me ka ʻiʻo, ma ʻAmelika Hema ua kapa ʻia kēia holoholona he "rabbit wai."
Ma ka nui o nā wahi e ka eli ana i ka hana, ʻo ka muskrat e hōʻeha i ka ʻōnaehana irrigation, dams and dams. E hoʻopōʻino i ka mahiʻai, ʻoiai ke ulu ka laiki, me ka hoʻomālamalama ʻole ʻole a hoʻopau i nā mea kanu a me ke kahakai. ʻO ia kahi mea kūlohelohe maoli ma ka liʻiliʻi loa o nā maʻi kī maʻamau he 10 a me ka tularemia a me ka paratyphoid.
He ʻano nui ka nui o nā muskrat, no ka mea ua kūpono a hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia i nā loli i loko o ka noho ʻana - ke kūkulu ʻia ʻana o nā kōwīwī, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o ke ʻano a me nā ʻano hana
ʻ enerlelo ikaika nā Muskrats i ka ʻimi i ke ana o ka uaki. Eia nō naʻe, ka hopena o ka hana nui i ke kakahiaka a me nā kakahiaka kakahiaka kakahiaka. I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka pūnāwai, loaʻa i ke kāne ka wahine, hana ikaika lākou, hana i ko lākou hale.
He monogamous nā muskrats; noho lākou i nā kuʻikahi ʻohana. Aia nō kēlā me kēia hui ka ʻāina, kahi i hoʻolālā ʻia e ke kāne me ke kōkua o kāna mau mele musu inguinal. ʻO ka nui o nā ʻāina muskrat no ka ʻohana hoʻokahi o nā holoholona ma kahi o 150 mika. I ka pūnāwai, ua hoʻohemo ʻia nā keiki makua mai ka ʻāina e hoʻomaka i kā lākou noho pākana ʻoi aʻe.
Eia hou, i ka pūnāwai, komo mau nā kāne makua i ka hana, lanakila ʻana i nā ʻāina hou a me nā wahine. ʻO ka hakakā nui kēia mau kaua, ke alakaʻi pinepine nei lākou i nā hōʻeha kino. ʻAʻole loaʻa ka wahine i ka poʻe i waiho wale ʻia i ka hoa moe, pono lākou ke holo lōʻihi e loaʻa i kahi noho hou, ua neʻe naʻe lākou i nā wai wai ʻē aʻe.
I ka wai a ʻike ka muskrat me he iʻa. Puni koke ʻo ia, hiki i ka hohonu ke lōʻihi ke ʻimi nei i nā meaʻai. Ma ka ʻāina, nānā ka holoholona i kahi palaka maʻalahi a hiki ke lilo i ka waiwai o ka poʻe aloha. Eia kekahi, ʻike pinepine ʻia nā mauʻu muscular e ʻike a me ka honi, ʻaʻole e hiki iā ia ke ʻōlelo ʻia he lono e ʻike nui ʻia.
ʻIke ʻia nā ala o ka cannibalism i ka loko muskrat. ʻO kēia ma muli o ka overpopulation o kekahi wahi a me ka nele i ka ʻai no nā kānaka āpau. Hele wiwo ʻole ka Muskrats. Inā ʻike lākou iā lākou iho i ke kūlana hopohopo ʻole hiki ʻole iā lākou ke peʻe ma lalo o ka wai, a laila hoʻokomo lākou i ke aniani, e hoʻohana ana i ko lākou hoihoi a me nā niho nui.
ʻO ka hoʻolālā ʻenehana a me ka hana hou
ʻO ke ola o ka muskrat i nā kūlana kūlohelohe he liʻiliʻi wale nō a ʻekolu mau makahiki, ʻoiai i loko o kahi ʻano kūlohelohe hiki iā lākou ke ola a hiki i ʻumi makahiki. Noho nā holoholona i nā pūʻulu o nā mākua makua a me nā pēpē e ulu ana. I loko o ka'āpana o ke kino wai like, hiki ke lilo i nā mea ʻūlū. ʻO kēia mau ʻano like ʻole i ka like ʻole, ma ka helehelena a ma ka ʻano.
Ma waena o nā mea kūkā o nā muskrat ʻano hoʻokūkū koko pinepine, no ka mea nā kāne pinepine i ka māhele ʻāina a me nā wahine. ʻO ka hanauna ʻōpio, ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia i loko o ka ʻauʻau manuahi, he paʻakikī kona loaʻa ʻana o ko lākou wahi, e hoʻomaka ana i kahi ʻohana a me ka noho ʻana. ʻO ka ʻohana a me nā mamo, pono ia e hoʻomaopopo he koʻikoʻi nui ka muskrat. I nā wahi me ke anuanu, loaʻa i ka wahine nā hua ʻelua i ka makahiki. Ma kahi e mahana ai, hiki kēia ke hana i nā manawa 3-4 i hoʻokahi makahiki. ʻO ka wā o ke kūloko e pili ana i kahi mahina.
I loko o kahi lūlani hiki i nā 6 - 7 mau cub. I ka wā hānau, ʻaʻohe o lākou lauoho a ʻike ʻole i kahi mea, ke nānā aku nei lākou i ka liʻiliʻi a me ke kaupaona ʻole ʻia ma mua o 25 karamu. Hōʻulu ʻia ka wahine i kāna mau keiki no 35 mau lā. Ma hope o hoʻokahi mau mahina, ua lilo lākou i kūʻokoʻa, akā e waiho mau i ka hoʻoilo ma ko lākou home makua.
Lawe ka makua i ka hana hoʻonaʻauao o nā keiki, me ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka mana nui iā lākou. I ka pūnāwai, e haʻalele ka poʻe ʻōpio i kā lākou nīhou home i hoʻonohonoho ai i ko lākou ola pilikino. Hoʻomaka piha ʻo Muskrats i nā makahiki 7-12 mau mahina, no ka mea pōkole ko lākou ola.
Ka pae o nā kānaka a me nā kūlana
Nui ka lehulehu o ka muskrat. Ua pālahalaha ʻia i nā wahi o ka honua. Mai kona ʻāina i North America, ua ʻike ʻia kēia holoholona hihiu ma nā ʻāina ʻē, kahi i manaʻo nui ai a paʻa paʻa. Hiki i nā Muskrats ke noho i nā ʻāina wela a i nā ʻāina me nā pani heʻe.
Ma muli o ko lākou koʻikoʻi, maʻalahi lākou e hoʻoponopono a hoʻonui i ka wikiwiki. ʻIke ʻia kēlā ʻano ʻano ʻano ʻike ʻia, ʻaʻole i hiki i nā kumu ʻepekema ke wehewehe ʻia: me ka lōʻihi o kēlā me kēia 6 a 10 mau makahiki, he nui ka hoʻoneʻe ʻana o ka muskrat. ʻAʻole paʻa i ke kumu o kēia kaanaki kaʻa. He mea maikaʻi nā momona o ka wai i ka wai momona, no laila e hoʻihoʻi wikiwiki lākou i kā lākou mau helu mua ma hope o kēlā emi ʻana.
Hoʻoponopono maikaʻi nā Muskrats i ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā nohona ola a kūpono maoli i nā wahi āpau e kokoke ana i kahi ʻano wai piha o ka wai wai, ʻo ia ke kumu nui o ke ola no kēia mau holoholona hoihoi. ʻO kekahi o nā mea koʻikoʻi no ka hiki ʻana o nā ʻiole musk i loko o kahi kino wai ʻo ia ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻole ʻia ʻana i ka hohonu ma ka hoʻoilo o ka hoʻoilo a me ka nui o nā mea kanu wai a me ke kahakai kūpono no ka hānai ʻana i nā holoholona.
I ka hopena hopena, ʻike ʻo ia he holoholona nui loa kahi Muskrat i loaʻa i ka hopena koʻikoʻi o ke kūlana o ke kaila i kahi e noho ai. Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo ia he pilina koʻikoʻi i ka kaulahao eco. Inā paʻi ʻia ka muskrat, a laila e hoʻopio nui ʻia ke kūleʻa a paneʻu ʻia, kahi pōʻino e kūʻino i ka noho ʻana o ka iʻa, nui nā namu. No laila, muskrat Hoʻohana ia e like me kahi kahu hānai ma ke kōkuhiwa, ka mea, ma o kāna hana koʻikoʻi, pili i ka mokuʻāina o ka ʻona e puni ana i ka holoholona.
ʻO Habitat, noho
ʻO nā hōʻike mua o nā moʻolelo o nā kānaka ʻAmelika e hōʻike ana i ka helu o ka nui loa o kēia mau holoholona ma Wisconsin. ʻAʻole loa i ʻimi ʻia nā pūnaewele Wetland ma mua o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka nui o nā kānaka ma ka mokuʻāina. I loko o kēia manawa, lele ikaika ka poʻe muskrat ma muli o nā droughts e hoʻololi me nā winters nui. ʻO ka luku ʻia ʻana o ka wahi noho i lawe mai i ka poino nui loa o ka heluna kanaka. I kēia manawa, ua hōʻailona ʻia nā lehulehu muskrat e nā kiʻi kumuʻāina, akā hoʻokau i kahi kiʻekiʻe o ka heluna nui o nā heluna kanaka.
He hoihoi! Aia ka home kūlohelohe i ʻĀkau ʻAmelika. Ua hana i kēia mau holoholona i Rusia a me Eurasia. I ka hala ʻana o ka manawa, i mea e hoʻonui ai i kā lākou helu, ua hoʻonoho hou ʻia lākou i nā ʻāina o nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe. Pili pū ka ʻiliʻohana like me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā puhalaha muskrat i ka hana ʻenehana.
Hoʻonoho ka Muskrats i nā ʻano āpau pā, nā mana kai, a me nā kahawai hoʻi. ʻAʻole lākou e hoʻowahāwahā ʻia, nā lua kūlohelohe kūlohelohe a i hana pū ʻia. Hiki iā lākou ke ʻike ma ke kahawai o ke kaona, ʻoiai ka hele ʻana o kahi mea e kokoke aku nei, ʻaʻole hoʻoweliweli iā lākou. ʻAʻohe ʻiʻo mau ʻawa musikina ma nā wahi o ka hoʻomake ʻole ʻana i ka wai i ka hoʻoilo a me nā wahi i hoʻonele ʻia nā mea kanu kūlohelohe.
ʻO ka hui Muskrat
ʻO nā muskrats nā mea kūʻai trophic mākeke, nui ka ʻai mea kanu, e like me ka kāpeti, nā ʻōpala, nā lau a me nā mea kanu e ulu ana i ka wai a me waho. Hiki i ka poʻeʻilihue keʻai aku maikaʻi ke ʻai ʻana i ka iʻa, nā mea ʻalaka, nā baki, nā iʻa a me ka carrion, inā he nui kēia. Loaʻa kahi 5-7% o ka papa muskrat o nā huahana holoholona.
I ka hoʻoilo, koho lākou i nā ʻōpū ʻai a me nā aʻa o lalo o ke kai a me nā puna no kā lākou kumu kumu nui.. ^ E Ha yM. Ua makemake kēia mau holoholona e hānai i loko o kahi o ka 15 mika mai ko lākou hale a, me ke ʻano he kānāwai, ʻaʻole lākou e hele ma mua o 150 mika ma kahi makemake nui.
ʻO nā ʻōpū a me ka muskrat
Kūkulu nā Muskrats i ʻelua mau noho o ka noho ʻana. Ma lalo o nā kahe wai o nā loko a me nā muliwai, ʻeli nā muskrats i nā ʻuā lōʻihi; ma kahi ʻohana nui o muskrats, hiki i nā pūhaka ke ʻumi mau lumi. ʻO ka puka ma ka puʻu muskrat i lalo o ka wai.
I kēlā mau wahi kahi i hiki ʻole ai ke kūkulu i kōā no muskrat, kūkulu lākou i kahi ʻano noho hou e kapa ʻia he hut. ʻO ka hut i kūkulu ʻia i waenakonu o kahi hukuhui, he kiʻi pyramidal ia, ʻo ka maʻamau ka lōʻihi a hiki i kahi mita kiʻekiʻe a ʻo ka laulā like. I kekahi mau manawa a hiki i nā huts ka nui o ka nui o ka nui: a hiki i ʻelua mau mika ke kiʻekiʻe a hiki i ʻehā mau ākea.
Kūkulu ʻia ka honu muskrat mai nā kumu kanu, nā ʻōpala o ka pala a me ka lepo, a me nā lālā o nā lāʻau. ʻO ka ʻohana āpau o nā muskrats e hana i ka hana i ka hut, no laila wikiwiki ke kūkulu ʻia ʻana. Eia kekahi ma nā honu muskrat, nā hole fodder, ua kūkulu ʻia nā papa ʻoihana me nā latrines.
Kahu ʻia ka pūnāwai muskrat i waenakonu o kēia ʻano hana ʻole ʻia. Ma kahi o ka lumi hoʻomohala, nui nā kāmela. Pahuʻe a wela ka hale o ka muskrat, a paʻa malu ka puka ma lalo o ka wai.
ʻO ka hulu Muskrat
ʻO Muskrat kahi holoholona koʻikoʻi o ka huluhulu i hāʻawi ʻia i nā ʻili paʻa. ʻO ka hulu muskrat nani a me ka hoʻoluʻu e hoʻoulu i ka muskrat hunting me ka poʻe hopu. He mānoanoa ka hulu o ka muskrat a he pāloʻo ka maloʻo, ma muli o kēia huahana nā huahana hūkō muskrat a māmā a mahana.
Ma hope o ka huki ʻana o ka ʻehau muskrat, pono lākou e hoʻomaʻemaʻe pono ʻia, mua ka maloʻo maikaʻi ʻia, a laila e pau ʻia, hoʻopau ʻia, e ʻolu a maloʻo.
Hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻōkala muskrat nui no ka hoʻonaninani ʻia i nā kapa hulu maikaʻi. ʻO nā kapa hulu muskrat keʻoluʻolu, palupalu, māmā a nani hoʻi. Hoʻohana ʻia nā pale ʻili hou e pili ana i nā pāpale lole a me nā pāpale ʻē aʻe. ʻO nā pāpale mai ka muskrat he meaʻoluʻolu loa ia eʻaʻahu ʻia.
ʻO nā huahana hulu Muskrat i kaulana loa i nā wā Soviet, ināʻo nā pāpale muskrat. I kēia lā, ʻo nā huahana i hana ʻia me ka hulu muskrat i emi nui ʻia.
ʻO ka ʻiʻo Muskrat
Ua kūpono ka ʻiʻo Muskrat no ka ʻai ʻana o ke kanaka. Ma ʻAmelika Komohana, ua kapa ʻia ʻo muskrat i ka "rabbit wai." He nui nā poʻe o ʻAmelika ʻAmelika e hauʻoli i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ʻiʻo muskrat e kuke ai i kā lākou papa ʻaina.
I ka hoʻāʻo ʻana, ʻo ka ʻai o ka muskrat ka like ʻana me ka ʻai kelapi, akā ma kāna ʻano pūnaʻu ʻoi aku ka ʻoi momona. Ke ʻai nei i ka ʻai muskrat, ʻaʻole pono e poina e lilo ka muskrat kahi mea ʻokoʻa ma mua o 10 mau maʻi, ʻo kekahi o ka mea i hopohopo no nā kānaka.
ʻOihana kiʻi muskrat
Hipa ʻia ka muskrat i ka wā hoʻoilo-hoʻoilo. I kēia manawa o ka makahiki, ʻo ka liʻiliʻi loa e hālāwai me ka wahine hāpai i ka mea liʻiliʻi loa, no laila ʻo ka hopu ʻana i kēia manawa e hōʻemi ai ka pōʻino o ka lehulehu muskrat. Eia kekahi, i ka wā hoʻoilo-hoʻoilo, ʻoi aku ka paʻu muskrat.
Hopu ʻia ka muskrat i ʻekolu mau ʻaoʻao nui:
• Holoi i kahi muskrat me ka pū
• ʻO kā Muskrat e kāwele ana me ka pahele
• Ke hele nei i kahi muskrat me kahi pahele
Lahi ma ke muskrat
Hōʻalo i ka muskrat me kahi pahele ke ala nui loa o ka hopu ʻana i kēia holoholona. No ka lawe wale ʻana i ka muskrat, traps No. 0 a me No. 1 ka hoʻohana ʻana. ʻO ka manawa maikaʻi loa no ka hopu manu ʻana mai ka hoʻomaka ʻana o Kepakemapa.
Hoʻokomo ʻia kahi pahele ma ka puka i ka mink, a i kahi ma kahi e hānai ʻia ai ka muskrat. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻonohonoho i ka wahi hānai iā ʻoe iho ma ka pīpī ʻana i nā mea kanu ʻai a me nā hua. ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia ka pahele, ʻaʻole makaʻu ka holoholona i nā mea ʻike ʻole.
I ka hoʻoilo, hiki i ke ʻano ke hoʻokomo i kahi pahele i ka muskrat i loko o ka pu. ʻO ka hemahema o kēia ʻano hahai manu, ʻo ia nā poʻe liʻiliʻi e ʻemi pono ʻole i ka ʻili i ke pahele.
Paʻa muskrat
ʻO kaʻoi aku o nā pahele, ʻenua ka muskrat e nā mau he. ʻO ka mahele muskrat ka kūkulu ʻana i nā hoops a me ka metala kila, me kahi komo hoʻokahi a ʻelua mau conical.
Ke komo nei i ka pahele, ʻaʻole hiki i ka muskrat ke puka i waho. Ma kona ʻano, ʻo ka pahele ma kahi muskrat ka like me ka māla lawaiʻa i kapa ʻia he alo, he ʻāpana a he dive paha.
Hoʻokomo ʻia kahi pahele ma ke alo o ka puka i ka lua. Mālama ʻana i nā muskrats me ke kōkua o ia ʻanohele he hiki i nā makahiki āpau a puni.
He aha nā pono o muskrat
Loaʻa iā Muskrat i ka mea ʻaʻole wale no ka hulu momona a me ka ʻiʻo, akā no ka mea ʻai i nā mea kanu e ulu ana ma kapa o nā wai wai a i loko o ka wai e pale ai ka nui o ka nui a me ka hana ʻana o ka wai wai. I ka hoʻoilo, ua hālaila ka hau i ka wai e hoʻokaʻawale i ka wai me ka oxygen, kahi mea nui loa no nā poʻe āpau wai.
ʻO kahi muskrat kahi holoholona kupaianaha e pono ai ka mahalo iā ia iho i ka ʻaoʻao o ke kanaka, i mea ʻano waiwai a maikaʻi hoʻi.