Mekia Kauhane | |||||||||||
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Kahi ʻano ʻepekema | |||||||||||
Aupuni: | Eumetazoi |
Moulou | Kahikaua |
Kekaha: | Anatoidea |
Lāpala: | ʻO nā kīlio maoli |
Kāhea: | Nā Luna Hoʻokele (Lophodytes Reichenbach, 1853) |
Nānā: | Mekia Kauhane |
- Mergus cucullatus
Mekia Kauhane (lat. Lophodytes cucullatus) - kahi manu o ka ʻohana duck.
ʻO keʻano
ʻO ka plumage o kahi wahine brown me kahi pōkā pupu ʻulaʻula a me kahi ʻulaʻula. He ʻulaʻula-nāʻulaʻula nā mea keʻa, kahi ʻānōmaʻomaʻi ka hina. ʻO ke kaupaona ʻana o nā wahine ma ke aniani e pili ana iā 550 g, loaʻa i nā kāne ke kiʻekiʻe ma kahi o 650 g.
I ke kapa moe, hānai nui ke kāne i kona poʻo keʻokeʻo a me ka ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele ma luna o kona poʻo. ʻO ka polū ʻulaʻula a me ke keʻokeʻo ka palu o ka umauma, aʻo nā ʻaoʻao o ke kino e loaʻa ai kahi pelekele ʻulaʻula. He melemele-hina ke kala ʻo Bill ma ke kumu, ʻāpana ʻeleʻele. I ka hoʻoilo lole, ua like nā kāne me nā wahine, ʻokoʻa ʻole iā lākou i ka kala o nā ʻula a me nā ʻūhā keʻokeʻo o ko lākou mau umauma. Hoʻomaka ʻo Males i ka mahina o Iune a ua hoʻomaka i loko o ʻOkakopa ua ʻike hou lākou i kā lākou lole.
Kālā
Kipau ʻo Merganser i loko o nā ululāʻau coniferous o ʻAmelika ʻAmelika, i ka wahi i kapa ʻia ʻo bekal. Noho nō ia ma nā loko e hoʻopuni ʻia ana e nā ululāʻau, ma nā awāwa palulu, a ma nā kapa hoʻi o nā kahawai e kahe neʻe ana. He haʻahaʻa loa ka lahui i loko o kēia mau ʻāina no ka mea e hoʻohana ʻo ia i nā kumulāʻau lāʻau no ka hana ʻana a hoʻokūkū hoʻi no lākou me nā mea ʻē aʻe, e like me ka Caroline duck, gogol maʻamau, gogol liʻiliʻi a me nā merganser nui. Ma ka wahi puni, hiki ke nānā ʻia mai ʻApelila a Kepakemapa.
Hoʻomaka ka ʻāhane Merganser i loko o nā ʻāina a me nā kumukūʻai nui ma nā kahakai ʻo Atlantika a me ka Pākīpika o ʻAmelika ʻAmelika. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia ma laila mai Kepakemapa a hiki i waena o Pepeluali. No ka manu Mratanser ʻo Crested Merganser nō hoʻi ka uhi o ka waʻa pōkole i ka wā o ka lele. Kū lākou i ka wā o ko lākou lele ʻana ma luna o nā kahawai.
ʻAno hānau
Hoʻomaka ka noho ʻana o ka noho ʻana o ka wahine i Pepeluali, ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka manu e lele lele i nā kahua huna. Kahi ʻia ka hana ʻia ma nā wahi hoʻoilo.
Hoʻohana ʻia ka Merganser Mouranser e like me ka lālani o nā kuʻi lāʻau, aia i ke kiʻekiʻe o 8 m ma luna o ka lepo. Ma ka ʻaoʻao hema loa o ka hoʻoili ʻana, hoʻomaka nā ʻelee e holo wikiwiki mai ka hopena o ʻApelila. Ma ka ʻaoʻao komohana o ka hoʻoilina, loaʻa kēia i Iune. Ma nā lāiki a 6 i 12 aʻai, hua keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo. Noho ʻo Hatching ma kahi o 30 mau lā.
Mālama kekahi wahine i nā moa, nāna e mālama pono me ka nui o ka wai ma ka palena o nā mea kanu. ʻO ka hulu o nā moa he ʻeleʻele me ka pulu ʻihi ma ka ʻāʻī. He like like nā manu ʻōpio me ka wahine, a ʻoi aku ka pōkole o kā lākou puna. Holo nā manu ʻōpio ma hope o 70 lā. Kūpono nā manu i ka wā akomi ma kahi o 2 mau makahiki. Mai ke kolu o ka makahiki o ke ola, ua komo nā kāne i nā lole moena.
ʻO keʻano
Hood merganser kahi dimorphism wahine o nā ʻano. ʻO ka wahine pākeke ke kino hina hina-brown me kahi kao keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo ma ka ʻaoʻao o lalo a me ka ʻōpū. He kulu ʻulaʻula kukui e loea ana mai ka kua o ke poʻo. I ke kau wā ʻōiwi ʻole, ua like like ke kāne me ka wahine, koe wale nō ʻīpī kona mau maka a ʻolo nā maka o nā wahine.
I ke kapa moe moe o ka ʻāina dorsal a me ke poʻo, ka ʻāʻī a me ka umauma o kahi kāne makua, he ʻeleʻele loa ia me nā hōʻailona keʻokeʻo. He nui nā wahi keʻokeʻo ma kēlā ʻaoʻao o ka crest, aʻike maoli ʻia lākou i kona wā e hāpai ai i kāna crest i ka wā o ka hoʻāhewa ʻana. ʻO kona ʻao lalo e waiwai i ka ʻulaʻula a i ʻole ka nīnū i ke kala, a ʻo ka umauma a me ka lalo i ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi paha i ka keʻokeʻo, ʻae ʻia i nā kī keʻokeʻo a puni ka moʻomeheu a me ka umauma.
Ua pā nā manamana a keokeo ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka puha o ka hulu, a hoʻomaha ka manu, ua like ke ʻano o nā kaila keʻokeʻo ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka manu o lalo, inā ʻike ʻia.
ʻO ka mea mua, ʻokoʻa ka manu o ka hoʻoilo ma nā ʻōpio wahine ʻōpiopio ma ke ʻano he poʻo hina a me ka ʻaoʻao luna, nā wahi i luna o nā ʻelele wahine keu, ʻeleʻele hoʻi ka ʻeleʻele. Eia kekahi, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā manu ʻōpio i nā lei keʻokeʻo ma mua o nā pākeke. ʻEleʻele nā lauoho o nā makahiki a pau, aʻo nā kāne ke pena i ko lākou mau maka i ka hoʻoilo lākou.
ʻO ka pākuʻi a me ka noho
E holo nei nā mākaʻi i nā mamao pōkole me kahi pāpale, a aia lākou i ka hoʻoilo ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa i nā wahi e hāʻawi ai ke kauwela i nā kūlana hau i ka wai i nā loko, nā loko a me nā muliwai. Loaʻa iā lākouʻelua mau makahiki he nui o ka makahiki. Aia kekahi ma ka ʻaoʻao hikina o ʻAmelika mai ka hema hema a me ka palena ʻo US ma ke kahakai ʻo ʻAmelika a hiki i ke Komohana o Mexico ma Mississippi Delta. Aia ka liʻiliʻi ma waena o Wakinekona a me ke kolu Pelekane o Columbia ma ke kūkulu ʻākau mai Idaho.
Eia kekahi, ʻōpiopio lākou i kekahi wahi i Missouri mai hema hema a mai Nova Scotia a hōʻea i North Dakota a me Saskatchewan, hele e like me ka pale ʻana i nā kūlana hoʻoilo.
E ʻoi aku ka makemake o ka hood, ua noho ka merganser i nā wai liʻiliʻi o ka wai, e like me nā loko wai a me nā hale liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi, kahi i loaʻa ai ka nui o nā lāʻau kūlohelohe, akā noho pū nō hoʻi ka nui o nā punawai, nā puna wai, kahi ululāʻau a me ka wai kahe wai. Makemake lākou i ka wai nāu, akā hele i loko o nā kino paʻakai.
Vagrancy a ʻEulopa
ʻOiai ʻo ka merganser hooded he mau pua pio maoli i ʻEulopa a ma ka nui o nā holoholona hihiu i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i nā spimens, he helu liʻiliʻi ia i manaʻo ʻia he hehi maoli. ʻO UK ka mana o ka manu o ka manu me ka manu i mālama ʻia ma North Whist i ʻOkakopa 2000. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa mau ʻia kekahi helu liʻiliʻi ma Dublin, akā ua manaʻo ʻia e hala.
Kauʻai
He merganser hake i ka hoʻomau ʻia e ka mea make i ke kai ma lalo o ke kai. Hōʻike ka hapa nui o nā haʻawina e pili ana i kāna papaʻai i ke ʻano o nā kūlana, ka mea maʻamau i ka manawa o ka iʻa (44-81%). Eia kekahi, hānai i nā mea ʻai aku (13-20% o kāna meaʻai) a me nā invertebrates aquatic ʻē aʻe, e like me nā crabs and crayfish (22-50%).
Hoʻohuli
ʻO nā kāne a me nā wahine i nā wāwae ua hana i ka merganser o kahi pālua monogamous, a noho mau lākou a hiki i ka wahine i koho ai i kahi ʻalā a me ka pau ʻana o ka waiho ʻana. Ma hope o kēlā, haʻalele ka kāne i ka wahine e hoʻoulu a mālama pono i ka bro. E ʻimi ikaika nā wahine i nā ʻalā i nā lāʻau make a i ʻole nā mea halihali like ʻole, e like me nā mea i hoʻolālā ʻia no nā ʻuʻuku lāʻau. Makemake lākou i nā ʻāpana 4-15 kapuai mai ka lepo. Kuhi ʻia ka hana hou ʻana i kēlā me kēia manawa mai ka hopena o Pepeluali a hiki i ka hopena o Iune, ma muli o ka wahi.
E hoʻomoe ka wahine i ka hua o nā hua he 7-15, akā hoʻomaka wale nō e hoʻopili i ka wā o ka hua hope o ka hua hope, e hāʻawi ana i ka huhū like. No laila like ka nui o nā pēpē āpau, e hoʻomaʻamaʻa maikaʻi i ka mālama ʻana i nā mākua hānai. I ka wā hoʻolelima, e lilo paha ka wahine i kahi ma waena o 8% a 16% o kona paona kino.
E like me ka hapanui o ka wai, nā pipi merganser honu i ʻōpio a haʻalele i ka nīnū i loko o 24 mau hola ma hope o ka hatch. Ma hope o ko lākou haʻalele ʻana i ka pūnana, hiki i ka ʻōpio ke hele a hōʻiliʻili, akā e noho pū me ka wahine no ka mahana a me ka pale.
Hoʻokele a me ka mālama ʻana
ka poʻe o ka haʻahaʻa o ka wā i hala e pili ana i ka nui o ka deforestation nui. No ka loaʻa ʻana i kēia mau loko wai e loaʻa ai nā lua, pono lākou i nā lāʻau ākea i nā wahi e kūpono ai nā wahi i loaʻa. Ua manaʻo ʻia aia i loko o nā makahiki i hala iho nei ua hoʻokele maikaʻi nei ka hoʻokele o ka lāʻau i kona wahi e pono ai. ʻO kekahi kumu nui i ka mālama ʻana i kahi puʻulāʻau lāʻau no ka ʻai manu duck nui ka mālama pono ʻana i ka nui o ka nui o nā lāʻau ākea kahi i ulu nui ʻia nā kūleʻa kūpono. Eia kekahi, hana kēia mauʻikepili i nā pahu lawaiʻa kūlohelohe, inā inā kekahi.
Ma muli o ko lākou hilinaʻi nui i ka pōʻai wai, ua wāwahi ʻia nā puʻu e hoʻopōʻino i ka nui o nā ʻano aʻa ʻia, kekahi o nā poʻohui e hōʻuluʻulu i nā ʻai o nā meaʻai, nā mea ʻuʻuwale pololei i nā mea make i ke kaulahao meaʻai, a ua hōʻemi wale ʻia kekahi o lākou. . ^ E Ha yM.
Nā hōʻailona kūwaho o kahi merganser hood.
Hood merganser ka nui o ke kino e pili ana i ka 50 cm, nā parirau: mai 56 a i 70 cm.Na kaupaona: 453 - 879 g. ʻO ka Hood merganser ka mea liʻiliʻi loa o ka merganser ma ʻAmelika ʻAmelika, e pili ana i ka nui o nā kahe Caroline. ʻO ka plumage o ke kāne kahi hui kupanaha i ʻeleʻele, keʻokeʻo a ʻulaʻula-ʻulaʻula. ʻEleʻele ke poʻo, ka ʻāʻī a me nā hulu o ke kino, hina ke poʻo. ʻEleʻele ka palaena ka hiʻu. Ke keʻokeʻo, ʻeha a me ka ʻōpū.
Miki Pōʻeke, a i ʻole Hood Merganser (Lophodytes cucullatus)
ʻElua mau kime me nā aniani ʻeleʻele e hōʻailona i nā ʻaoʻao o ka umauma. ʻAnoʻala a ʻulaʻula paha nā ʻaoʻao. I ke kāne, ʻo ka mea nui i ka plumage o ka nape, ka mea i hāliʻi ʻia, ke hōʻike nei i kahi hui kupanaha o ke keʻokeʻo me ka uhi ʻeleʻele.
Ke hoʻomaha ka male, a laila hoʻemi ʻia ka nani a pau i ka keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo a keʻokeʻo nui i ke kua o ka maka. ʻO nā ʻōpio a me nā manu ʻōpio kahi aneane like like. Loaʻa iā lākou nā kalaʻeleʻele o ka plumage: hina-brown a ʻeleʻele-ʻeleʻele hoʻi. He poʻo hina ka ʻāʻī, nā umauma a me nā ʻaoʻao, ʻeleʻele ke poʻo. ʻO ka palu wahine a ka wahine i loko o ka pena me ka paona o ke kōmaona, a i kekahi manawa me nā ʻāpana keʻokeʻo. He huluhulu like ʻole kēlā me nā ʻōpio āpau, akā he liʻiliʻi. ʻAʻole pono nā pōi kāne ʻōpio.
ʻO ka Hood Merganser i ka Holo
Hōʻailona o ka Hood Merganser.
Makemake nā mergansers Hood i nā hale like ʻole e like me nā ducks Carolyn. Ua koho lākou i nā loko me ke kū mālie, pāpū a me ka wai mālamalama, lalo, nā pāpū a i ʻole a he pebble.
E like me ke kānāwai, noho nā mergansers hilo i nā wahi noho i pili i nā wao nahele: nā muliwai, nā loko liʻiliʻi, nā ululāʻau, nā kālai kokoke i nā wili, nā wahi wai a maloʻo paha i hoʻokumu ʻia mai nā kaila beaver.
Akā, ʻaʻole e like me kā carolins, hood mergansers paʻakikī ke loaʻa ka ʻai i nā wahi i kahe a nā kahe weliweli e kahe ana a ke huli i nā wai kū mālie me ka neʻe lohi. Loaʻa ʻia nā peke ma nā loko nui.
Nā Hood Merganser hana.
Hāpai ʻia ka merganser Hood i ka hopena o ke kulu. Hele hoʻokahi wale nō lākou, a i ʻole ma nā ʻohana liʻiliʻi a i ʻole ma nā wahi liʻiliʻi. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā poʻe e noho ana ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau o ka lewa e lele i ka ʻaoʻao hema, ma ke kahakai o ka ʻāina o ka ʻāina, kahi e noho ai lākou i nā kino wai. He humarie nā manu a pau e noho ana i nā wahi kūlike. Holo wikiwiki nā ʻōlule Hood.
I ka wā hānai, ʻuala lākou i ka wai a loaʻa ka ʻai ma lalo o ka wai. Hoʻokomo ʻia kā lākou mau wāwae me ka hope o ke kino, e like me ka hapa nui, e like me nā mallards. ʻO kēia hiʻohiʻona e hoʻoheheʻe lākou iā lākou ma ka ʻāina, akā i ka wai, ʻaʻohe a lākou mea hoʻokūkū ma ka hana o ka lawaiʻa a me ka kau ʻana. Hoʻopili ʻia nā maka no ka ʻike ma lalo o ka wai.
Mea ʻai o ka hood merganser.
He ʻokoʻa nā meaʻai ʻo Hood mergansers ma mua o ka nui o nā harles. Ke hānai nei lākou i nā iʻa liʻiliʻi, nā ʻenehana, nā bako, a me nā invertebrates: nā pepeke, nā crustaceans liʻiliʻi, nā snails a me nā mollusks ʻē aʻe. Pau pū ka ʻai manu i nā hua a me nā mea kanu.
ʻO ka Hood Merganser ke ʻimi nei i ka meaʻai