He manu make ʻo Osprey * Nā manu

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ʻAi ʻia ʻo Osprey i ka iʻa maʻamau. ʻO ka wale wale nō o ka wai i loko o ka pūnāwai he palupalu ka lawaiʻa e hopu i nā baki a me nā rodents liʻiliʻi, a i kekahi manawa ke alualu i ka pōpoki a me nā aika. I ka wā o ka hopuʻana, ua holo mua ka osprey i ka lewa ma ke kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe, a laila moe i ka kiʻekiʻe o 20-30 m a hoʻomaka e holo nui i luna o ka wai. Mai ka manawa aku, ke kū a kau nei i ka lewa, ke hoʻopuni nei i kona mau ʻēheu e nānā pono i ka iʻa i ʻike ʻia. A laila, ke kīloi nei i kona mau wāwae i mua, lele koke ka osprey i loko o ka wai i ke kihi a hiki i ka nalo a nalo i lalo o nā nalu.

Eia naʻe, liuliu koke mai ka manu ma luna o ka ʻili a lawe aku me ke pio, e lawe i kahi i kahi ʻē. I ka manawa pinepine, ua hopu ʻo ka osprey i nā iʻa i kaupaona ʻia na 200-400 pā.

OCOPA MA MANAI

No ka manawa lōʻihi, ua noʻonoʻo ka poʻe i ka manu osprey e hoʻopau i ka iʻa. No keia mea ua hoomaau nui ia ia. Aia i kekahi mau'āina, e ʻimi ʻia ana nā ospreys a hiki i kēia lā. Ma ka waena o ka kenekulia 20, aia ka make a me ka nui o ka ospreys i ʻEulopa a me ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa. ʻO ke kumu nui no kā lākou hōʻemi i ka hopena o nā pesticides (e.g. DDT). ʻO kēia mau lohi i hōʻiliʻili ʻia ma ke kino o ka iʻa, e hānai ʻia e ka osprey.

ʻO ka ʻai ʻana o ka osprey i nā mea make, ua hāʻule kēia mau mea ʻino, ma muli o ke ʻano o kona kino. I ka hopena, hoʻomaka nā wahine i ka waiho ʻana i nā hua me ka ʻāpana nui.

KUMAIUAI

ʻO Osprey wale nō ka māka o ka ʻohana Skopin. He ʻoluʻolu loa kēia manu. ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona ʻokoʻa o ka osprey he kino liʻiliʻi, kino, ke kino, ke poʻi, ke kīwī, nā puʻupuʻu ikaika, nā wāwae ikaika, nā ʻāpana kū like ʻole i uhi ʻia me ka pāpaʻi, akā he mau penikala mesh maikaʻi. ʻO nā eheu lōʻihi o ka osprey kahi ʻano kink a hoʻohālikelike i ka leka "M". ʻO ka mahele nui ʻo Osprey kahi ʻāpana o ka kosmopolitan. He mea ʻino loa ia i ʻEulopa, ʻAmelika ʻAmelika, ʻAsia, Australia a me ʻAmelika Akau. I ka hoʻoilo, neʻe ka osprey mai nā ʻāpana ʻākau i nā wahi me ke ʻano ʻōmaʻomaʻo. ʻO nā manu e pili ana i ʻEulopa e hele i ʻAmelika i kahi e mahana ai, a huli nā ʻohana mai ʻAmelika ʻAmelika i nā wahi kūpono no lākou ma Central and South America.

Hoʻopōla

Noho ʻo Osprey i kahi kokoke i nā wahi kai nui me ka wai mālamalama, waiwai nui i nā iʻa. He mea ʻino loa ia ma nā lāʻau nui loa e piʻi ana ma luna o ka ululāʻau. Ma nā wahi neoneo, hoʻonohonoho pinepine ʻo osprey i kāna pālua ma kahi kahakai kūmau. Ma hope koke iho o ka hōʻea ʻana i nā kahua hoʻomohala, noho ka manu i ko lākou mau wahi ulu a hoʻomaka ai e hoʻolilo i kā lākou mau ʻu. Ma hope mai, hoʻomaka nā manu e hana i nā hula leʻaleʻa: me ka iʻa i kāna mau puʻupuʻu, piʻi ke kāne i ke kiʻekiʻe o 300 m, lele no kahi manawa o ka ea, a laila, piʻi ʻo ia i kona mau ʻēheu, hāʻule koke i lalo. Ma ka waena waena o Mei, hoʻomaka ka ospreys e waiho hua. E waiho ka wahine i ka wahine ma 2-3 (liʻiliʻi pinepine - 4) mau hua keʻokeʻo me nā ʻōpū brown a hoʻoulu iā lākou no kahi o 38 mau lā. ʻO ka kāne ke manawa kēia e lawe aku i kāna meaʻai. Aia nā chika i loko o ka moena no ka awelika o 55 mau lā. I ka hihia o ka pōpilikia, ʻaʻole lākou e pale, akā huna.

KOMOHANIA OCEAN

Ma ʻEulopa a me ʻAmelika ʻAmelika, he manu ʻolua ʻokoʻa loa nā manu. Aia ma ʻEulopa, ma kahi o 3,000 mau pālua. Ma Western a me Central Europe, ua mau wale nō he 200 o nā ospreys. Ma ʻEkotia, ua nalowale ka osprey i 1915. Eia hou, ua noho ʻia ʻo ia ma 1954, e mahalo ʻia i ka mālama aka ʻana o ka pili o ka pālua i lawe ʻia mai. I kēia manawa he 10 mau paona Skotika.

KUPONO NA INOA HUI, KAHAKUI.

ʻO ʻO Osprey kahi mea mālama manu nunua loa hiki ke hopu i nā iʻa ʻelua i hoʻokahi manawa.
ʻO nā leo i haku ʻia e nā osprey, ʻo nā leo ʻelima kiʻekiʻe.
Hiki i ka manamana lima loa o ke osprey i ʻō i mua a kū i hope, mahalo i kēia manu paʻa i ka mea i pio.
Ma nā puke kahiko, aia nā moʻolelo kaulana e pili ana i ka make o osprey, i kiʻi ʻia ma lalo o ka wai e nā pikes, eia nō naʻe, ma nā palapala ʻepekema ʻaʻohe ʻōlelo kūpono ʻole i nā hihia like ʻole.
Ma ka mokupuni ʻo Gardners kokoke i New York, kahi kolane osprey i ʻekahi wale nō, a ʻoi aku ʻo 300 mau mau pihi.

KAHIKO NUI O NA KOKOA. NA PALAPALA HOOPII

ʻLelo: keʻokeʻo me nā ʻeleʻele a i ʻole heʻulaʻula paha, e waiho ana ka wahine osprey i ka 2-3, liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi - 4 mau hua.

ʻAina: aia i kiʻekiʻe ma nā lei aliʻi o nā lāʻau nui a i ʻole i nā pōhaku.

Kālā: hānai ka wahine. E lilo lākou i mau ʻenemi i nā makahiki 50-60.

Nā ʻano hiʻohiʻona: kala kala. Ke keʻokeʻo ke poʻo, mai ka maka a i ka waena o ka ʻāʻī - iho mai kahi kahakahaʻeleʻele. He lōʻihi nā ʻēheu o nā ʻēheu. ʻO nā wāwae, ʻaʻole māla hulu.

- Hoʻokahi makahiki
- hoʻoilo
- ʻokiʻoki

MEA LOA

Loaʻa ʻo Osprey ma kahi kokoke i ke kahakai holoʻokoʻa a kokoke i nā wai wai piha. Hōʻike ka ʻāina i nā wahi i hānau ai ia a me nā ʻuʻuku, ʻo ia hoʻi kahi mau wahi e noho ai ia a puni ka makahiki.

KAUPUNI A ME KA PONO

I nā wahi he nui, ua lilo nā osprey i mea ʻalaʻeke. ʻO ka hoʻohanaʻana i nā pesticides i ka mahiʻai i ka mahiʻai a me ka hopu holoholona ua alakaʻi i kahi hōʻemi o ka helu o kēia manu.

Kāʻe kaua ʻo Osprey. Wikiō (00:00:58)

ʻO ka nānā ʻana i ka nalo osprey he hana paʻakikī loa: nui ka ihu a ma luna pono o ka lāʻau. ʻAʻohe mea e hū ʻia ma laila, hāʻule nā puʻupuʻu i ka lei, a ma ka lima hoʻokahi mau kākā i ka hāmeʻa poʻohiwi nui. A ʻo wau i hāpai ai i kahi kāmele ma luna o kahi huakaʻi kaumaha i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka hale ʻelima mau pā hale, e kāʻei ana ma ka ʻūhā me kahi lima. He mea kūpono ia e hoʻokaʻawale iki i kēia mea mai ke kū ana a laila lele nā hāmeʻa a pau i lalo a hōʻalo i loko o nā smithereens. Kāohi i kahaha ʻia. A ʻo kēia nalo kekahi o nā mea liʻiliʻi e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke nānā i loko. Pihi aku au i kekahi lāʻau kuahiwi - a huli i ka hapalua i kahi ala - ua maloo loa a hāʻule ʻole ka ʻāpana āpau.

Hoʻokomo ʻo Osprey / Osprey iʻa i kahi pā. Wikiō (00:01:44)

He manu kolohe manu nui o Osprey, nā eheu ua hiki i 170cm. Loaʻa ma ka Red Book o Lūkia. Eia nō naʻe, ma ka hema ʻo Ladoga osprey palu i ka palu. Aloha wau i kēia mau ʻāina kahakaha, ua noho nui ka manawa ma laila e hele a kamaʻilio ʻana me ke kamaʻilio ʻana me nā ʻōlapa a me nā aeto. ʻAʻole maopopo loa nā nist Osprey i kāhea ʻia ai nā poʻe ornithologists i paʻa i ka manu o kēia manu i ko lākou mau lima. Akā, ua hoʻokō wau i ka komo i nā nsp osprey, a manawa i hoʻopuni ai ka osprey i ka hale kiaʻi, kahi aʻu i kau ai ma hope o ka pūnana. E akahele loa ka osprey a, i ka wā e hoʻokokoke ana i ka nalo o kahi kanaka, haʻalele ʻo ia i kona home no nā haneli haneli mau mika, no laila, i ka lawe ʻana i kahi hale lole ma ka pūnana i ka pō. ʻO nā moʻolelo e pili ana i nā osprey a me nā ʻaeto i paʻi ʻia ma 2010. i ka puke i hōʻike maikaʻi ʻia, I ka Susana o nā Cannibals. Ua manaʻo ʻo nā ʻepekema ʻepekema ma ka Leningrad e hiki ke helu ʻia nā ness o osprey i nā manamana lima, akā aia wale nō ma ka hema ʻo Ladoga ua loaʻa iaʻu he 15 mau nest. ʻO ka hui manuahi nui loa o kēia mau manu ma ʻEulopa ma ka Darwin Reserve

Kāleka

He manu nui ko Osprey, nona ka nui o kona kino e hele ana mai 55 a 58 mau kenimika ma ka lōʻihi a me nā ʻēheu ma ka pae o 150 kenimita. Ke keʻokeʻo nei ke kala o ke poʻo me ke kāʻei ʻeleʻele kahi i hoʻomaka me ka beak a hoʻopau i ke kua o ke poʻo. ʻEleʻele a hina hina ka hōkū ʻē aʻe. Loaʻa kahi lei ʻeleʻele hulu ma ka umauma. Ma ke kua o ke poʻo aia kekahi pōkā liʻiliʻi. ʻO ka hulu wale nō ke nānā aku.

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Kūlike paha i ka hale, ʻokoʻa paha ka ʻili o ke kino. Eia nō naʻe, he lōʻihi ka lōʻihi o ka ʻēheu i ulana pōkole me nā lehelehe e kokoke ana i ka pale lima. Ma muli o ke ʻano ʻēheu ona, ma ka lele, ua like ka osprey e like me kahi koʻolima. ʻO ka huelo o nā osprey, ʻo ia ka mea e hiki ke kaawale ka mea i lilo i mea hoʻokae, he mea maikaʻi nō hoʻi. ʻĀmaʻomaʻo nā maka. ʻO ka beak kekahi ʻūmiʻu a ʻeleʻele hoʻi.

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ʻO ka piliki dimorphism ka mea nui o ka ʻeleʻele i ka plumage o ka wahine, a me kahi lei paʻa ma ke kua. Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā ʻokoʻa ʻana ma o ka kaupaona: ʻoi aku ka wahine ma mua o 20% pohō ma mua o nā kāne.

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Hoʻaiho

Aia ʻo Osprey ma nā ʻāina āpau, me ka ʻokoʻa ʻole ka Antarctica. Loaʻa pinepine lākou e loaʻa ma nā wahi o ʻAmelika Hema a me Indo-Malaysia. I ka hoʻoilo, hiki iā lākou ke hoʻohua i ko ʻAigupita a me nā mokupuni o ke Kaiʻula. Ma Rūsia, makemake lākou e noho kokoke i nā wai anuanu a me nā kahawai. No ka loaʻa ʻana, koho i nā lāʻau kiʻekiʻe.

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Mea ʻai

Kokoke o kaʻai holoʻokoʻa o kēia manu i ka iʻa. Hoʻokomo ʻo Osprey i nā iʻa i loaʻa i kahi kokoke i ka wai. Holo lākou i ka iʻa ma ka lele, e lele ana ma luna o ka wai. I kekahi manawa hiki iā lākou ke hoʻonohonoho i nā hoʻohālua. No kēia mau manu he mea nui ia ka maʻemaʻe a me ke aniani ma mua o ka hiki, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i ka iʻa ma ka mamao he 40 mika mai ka ihu. I ka loaʻa ʻana o ka ʻai e pono ai, lele koke ʻo ka osprey iā ia mai ke kihi ākea me ka wikiwiki, a laila hopu akula i ka mea i hoʻopiʻi a me kāna mau puʻupuʻu lōʻihi. Hoʻomaka ia ka ʻai ʻana i ka ʻai mai ke poʻo, a i ʻole e kiola i nā koena i waho a lawe aku paha i ka nalo. ʻAʻole inu ka wai o Osprey i ka wai.

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He ʻano maikaʻi loa ʻo Osprey

Hiki i ka ʻōhala nui ke hopu i nā iʻa nui. Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke helu i ka paona o ka mea hopu, ʻo ia ke kumu no ka huki ʻana o ka iʻa i ʻowalewai a hāʻule i lalo.

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Nā nui manu

He kiko kai nui kēia, e hiki ana i ka 1.62 kg o ke kaumaha me ka lōʻihi o 55-58 cm a me nā ʻēheu he 1.45-11.7 m. ma kekahi wahi.

Hoʻonohonoho ʻole nā ʻnekema ʻehā i nā subspecies o 4 osprey:

ʻO Pandion haliaetus haliaetus ka nui a me nā kapaʻeleʻele nui e noho ana i Eurasia,
ʻO Pandion haliaetus ridgwayi - like ka nui a like me ka P. h. haliaetus, akā he poʻo māmā. Noho ka noho ʻana i nā mokupuni ʻo Caribbean,
ʻO Pandion haliaetus carolinensis he wahiʻeleʻele a he nui nā subspecies e noho ana ma ʻAmelika Hema,
ʻO Pandion haliaetus cristatus ka hapa liʻiliʻi loa i noho aliʻi ʻia ma nā kahakai kai, a ʻo nā kahawai nui o nā kahawai nui o ʻAmelika a me Tasmania.

Ma ka holoʻokoʻa, ua ʻike ʻia ʻo ka osprey e noho ana i nā ana ma lalo o nā ʻāina ʻoi aku ka nui o nā kongeners i hānau i loko o nā tropic a me subtropics.

Hānau kūleʻa

Ka loli ʻanoʻano e pili ana i ke ola o ke osprey. Ke manu manuahi, ʻike ʻia ma Dekemaba a kū i ka lā Malaki, a ma loko o nā lewa migratory, e hoʻomaka ana mai ʻApelila a Malaki. ʻO ka wā māmā ka ʻahaʻaina o nā kāne no nā wahine. Hoʻonohonoho lākou i nā huakaʻi e kokoke ana i nā nests, ka mea e kaona ai nā wahine, a pale iā lākou iho i nā kāne. Ma hope o ke kau ʻia ʻana o ka pālua, e hoʻomaka ana ke ʻano o ka holomua o ka home. ʻO ka mea maoli, ʻike ʻo ka wahine iā ia i nā kumuwaiwai o ka pūnana, a hana pū ʻia ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana me ke kāne. ʻO ka papa i kūkulu ʻia i ko lākou home mau, no laila mālama lākou pono ia. Ma hope o ka noʻonoʻo ʻana, hoʻomaka ka wahine e waiho hua me nā lā he mau lā. Ma ke kānāwai, mai ka 2 a i 4 mau keiki liʻiliʻi e hānau ʻia ai.

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Osprey me nā moa

ʻO nā pēpē e haki mua aku nei e ʻoi aku ka ikaika ma mua o ka poʻe hatch ma hope. Hoʻopau ke kaʻina o ka incubation no 40 mau lā. He mea nui ia e pili ana a pili pū kekahi wahine a me ke kāne ke kaʻe ʻana aku i nā pālua. Mālama nā mākua i nā hua liʻiliʻi wale nō i nā iʻa liʻiliʻi. Hoʻokaʻawale ka wahine i nā iʻa i hopu ʻia e ke kāne i mau ʻāpana a hānai iā ia i nā moa. I loko o hoʻokahi mahina a me ka hapa, loaʻa nā loina liʻiliʻi i nā māka hopu. I nā makahiki 2, haʻalele lākou i kā lākou mau hihiu a hoʻomaka i kahi ola kūʻokoʻa. Loaʻa maikaʻi ʻole ʻo ʻOspreys i kahi palupalu ma mua o nā makahiki he ʻekolu.

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Ke noho maʻamau

Hāʻawi ʻia ka osprey i ichthyophages, a no laila, ʻaʻole hiki ke noʻonoʻo i kona ola me ka loko ʻole, kahawai, kahea, a i ʻole nā wai. Aia ke kino kokoke loa o ka wai ma loko o nā palena o ka wahi hopu o ka osprey a he 0.01-10 km ka mamao mai kona ʻūahelehe. ʻOkoʻa ʻē ka laulā o ka hano - ʻelua ʻāpana kolo i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia e hoʻokahi haneli mau mile a i ʻole mau kilomita paha.

ʻAʻole loa e hāʻawi ka loʻalo i ka hiki i ke kaohi i nā kino wai liʻiliʻi a i ʻole nā ʻāpana ʻokoʻa o kahi kahawai nui / wai hou i ka manawa hoʻokahi (e pili ana i ke kuhikuhi o ka makani i ka wā o ka hahai). No ka hoʻolako ʻana i kēlā mana hoʻomalu, e kūkulu ka osprey i wahi kani i loko o nā lehelehe wai a i ʻole ka mane i waena o kahi poholā.

Hoʻopili ka hapa nui o nā espreys i kā lākou wahi kai meaʻai ponoʻī, a no laila ʻike pinepine ʻole i nā kolana. Nui ka hanana ʻana o ka hui ma nā mokupuni, a ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka laha e hele ai, ʻo ia hoʻi, kahi nui nā wahi no nā puʻu.

E hele pinepine ʻo Osprey i ka hopu ʻohi ʻana, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o ka pā hoʻokahi. Holo ka manu ma nā kumulāʻau, e nānā ana i ka mālama a ka hānau keiki. Noho lākou i nā kolamu ma nā lālā, nā pali kahakai kahakai, nā pulu mālie a maloʻo paha. Hoʻokani ʻo Osprey i nā kani, he mea e like me "kai-kai-kai", e neʻe ana i ka "ki-ki-ki" kokoke i ka pūnana.

Ke nānā aku nei ka osprey no ka mea i make i ka wai, ua haʻalulu ʻo ia - paʻa a kau ana ma luna o ka wai o ka wai, lele koke i kona mau eheu. Mālama ʻo Ospreys i kā lākou ʻuʻuku, ʻaʻole naʻe i pale i nā ʻāina āpau, ʻoiai ua ʻai lākou i kā lākou punahele punahele (nā ʻano ʻano iʻa like ʻole) a hiki ke hele i nā wahi ākea mai ka pili.

ʻOi aku ka nui o nā lālā o nā lālā Hema no nā wahi noho, ʻoiai he migratory nui nā ʻākau ʻākau.

ʻLelo hana i ka kūlohelohe

Ma ʻAmelika ʻAmelika, hiki i nā ospreys ke lilo i mea pio i ka mau manu ʻeke a i nā aeto ʻai paha. Ma nā wahi a pau e ʻimi ʻia ai lākou e nā ʻano ʻānela a me nā ʻetoʻala, nā mea martens a me nā raccoons, nā mākaʻi o ka ʻohana cat a me nā mea aʻa. E like me ke kānāwai, he nui nā holoholona i luku i nā nsp osprey.

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I nā'āina hema, hiki i ka nui o nā crocodile nui, ʻoi aku hoʻi i ka kaila Nile, hiki ke hoʻouka i ka osprey. Hopu ʻo ia i ka osprey, e ʻalo ana no ka waiwai i ka wai.

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ʻĀnō ke ola

Noho lōʻihi ʻo Ospreys i nā manawa he nui loa, ma ka liʻiliʻi he 20-25 mau makahiki, a ʻo ka ʻelemakule ka lilo ʻana o ka manu, ʻoi aku ka nui o kona ola lōʻihi. Loaʻa i nā ʻōiwi like ʻole ko lākou helu ola ola, akā ma ka hapanui o ke kiʻi penei: 60% o nā holoholona ʻōpio ma lalo o 2 mau makahiki a ʻo 80-90% olaola nā manu makua.

Pūʻoiaʻiʻo. Ua hiki i nā Ornithologists ke hoʻopaʻa i ka wahine kani, ʻo ia ka mea e paʻa ana i ka mooolelo o ke ola lōʻihi ma ʻEulopa. I ka makahiki 2011, ua hoʻololi 'o ia i 30 mau makahiki.

Ma ʻAmelika ʻAmelika, ʻo ka kāne i noho i ka makahiki 25 he mau makahiki i ʻike ʻia ʻo ia ka osprey kahiko. No nā makahiki i hala aku i ola ʻo ia e kahi kāne i noho ma Finelani, nona ka manawa i make ai he 26 na makahiki he 25. Akā e hoʻomaopopo ʻia ka hapa nui o nā ospreys i ka hihiu i ola ʻole a hiki i kēia wā.

Kamaaina

I kēia manawa, ʻo ka nui o nā ospreys he mea hopohopo. Palapala ʻia nā manu ma loko o ka Puke ʻĀina o kekahi mau ʻāina, a ma nā palapala kūlohelohe like ʻole. Aia i kekahi mau wahi, ua pili ka haʻalele ʻana o kēia mau manu i ka hopu ʻana i nā poher, i ʻōlelo ʻia e nā pesticides o ko lākou wahi noho, a me ka ka emi ʻana o ka loaʻa o ka meaʻai. Ma ka ʻāpana o ʻEulopa a me ʻAmelika ʻAmelika, ua hiki i ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana i ka nui o nā ospreys ma o ka hoʻolauna ʻana i nā hana kūlohelohe a me ka hoʻokumu ʻana i nā kūlana no ka hana manuahi.

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Hoʻoponopono maikaʻi i ke ʻano

Hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā ʻokoʻa ma waena o nā kāne i ke kala me ka nānā ʻana - ʻeleʻele mau nā wahine i nā lei ʻulaʻula. Eia kekahi, ʻo 20 ka wahine i ʻoi aku ka momona ma mua o nā kāne: kaupaona ʻo ka mea mua ma mua o 1.6-2 kg, a kaupaona ka hope o 1.2 kg a 1.6 kg. Pēlā pū kekahi, ʻo nā wahine osprey e hōʻike i nā ʻēheu nui (5-10%).

ʻO Habitat, noho

Noho ʻo Osprey ma luna o nā ʻāpana ʻehā. ʻAʻole maopopo i ka hapanui paha nā ʻelele o nā ʻano ʻano i Indo-Malaysia a me ʻAmelika Hema, akā i ka hoʻoilo ke ʻike lākou i nā manu ma laila. ʻO ka hoʻoilo, hoʻoilo pinepine nā ospreys i ʻAigupita a me nā ʻaoʻao o ka mokupuni o ke Kaiʻula.

Ma lalo o nā kahu ʻai e koho ai i nā kihi palekana, ʻaʻole mamao loa mai ka pāpū, waiwai nui i nā iʻa, nā wahi wai. Hoʻolako ʻia nā makana he 3-5 km mai nā kino wai (mau ʻāpana, nā loko, nā kahe a me nā muliwai paha), akā i kekahi manawa ma luna o ka wai.

Ma Lūkia, makemake ʻo ospreys i nā kahe anuanu loloa, a me nā wahi pā i kahawai / hiki i ka wahi, kahi o nā lāʻau kiʻekiʻe (me nā kulu maloʻo) kūpono i nā lāʻau ulu. E makaʻala nui nā manu i ka poʻe, akā kokoke loa iā lākou ma Australia a me ʻAmelika, e kūpaʻa ana i nā nisa a hiki i nā mea hoʻohuli hoʻohuli.

ʻAi momona Osprey

Loaʻa iā ia ma mua o 99% o nā iʻa like ʻole, no ka mea, ʻaʻole ka lihilihi e hopu a hopu i nā mea āpau e neʻe kokoke aku i ka wai o ka wai. Eia nō naʻe, ka nui o ka komo ʻana o ka iʻa, koho ke osprey i 2-3 no ka mea ʻono loa (i kona manaʻo) ʻano. Holo pinepine ʻo Ospreys i ka lele (mai kahi manawa he nūho) ke kuʻi nei lākou ma luna o ka wai wai, ʻaʻole e piʻi i luna o ke kaila o ka wai m40.

Makee

Hoʻokū ʻo Osprey i hope o ka iʻa mai luna mai - me ka ʻike ʻana mai ka lele a me ka ʻāʻī o ka lele, ʻalualua ka manu i kona mau ʻēheu a hohola i kona mau wāwae, e neʻe koke ana i ka mea i piʻi ma kahi piʻi poʻo a i ke kihi 45 degere. E hele pinepine ana i lalo o ka wai i lalo, akā hiʻi i ka piʻi (ke poʻo ma ke poʻo mua) i nā ʻāpana o hoʻokahi a ʻelua paha hoʻi.

Manaʻo. Hāpai ʻia nā iʻa Slippery e nā limu lōʻihi, nona nā manamana lima me nāʻu puʻupuʻu mai lalo, a me ka manamana mua e huli i hope (no ka hopu kūpono o ka pio).

No ka haʻalele ʻana mai ka wai wai, hoʻohana ka osprey i kahi mana nui. Ma ka lewa, ʻano pinepine ia a lele a lele ʻole i kahi lāʻau a i ʻole he pali, no laila e lohi lohi. Mahope o ka ʻai ʻana, hoʻi akula ʻo ia i ka muliwai e holoi i nā ʻāpana a me nā ʻaluna ma o ke kō ʻana i kona mau wāwae a me kona poʻo i loko o ka wai.

Kālā hana

ʻO ka ʻelemakule welelau he 2 kg ka mea i hopohopo i ka iʻa i ka mea i kūlike a i ʻole ke kūpaʻa i ka paona, e hoʻomāhuahua ana i nā aʻa a he ʻehā kilokilo paha. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻoi aku kēia ma mua o kahi lula - ʻoi aku ka manawa e hānai iā ia i hoʻokahi haneli a ʻelua paha mau iʻa lau.

Hōʻike ia ʻaʻole helu i ka osprey i kona ikaika a kau i kona mau kuku i kahi kaumaha kaumaha ke kaupaona nei he 4 kg a keu. Inā ʻaʻohe manawa a ka manu e hoʻokuʻu ai i kāna mau claws, lawe ʻia ka iʻa kaumaha iā ia i lalo. Hopu hopu aku nā lawaiʻa i nā pika nui a me nā kālele me ka "hoʻōla" weliweli loa ma ko lākou kua - he kue make osprey make. Aia kekahi kiʻi o kekahi ʻike ʻia, kahi i lawe ai i kahi kalaka nui (hopu ʻia ma Saxony) me kahi mea make make osprey e noho ana ma kona uka.

Nā kikoʻī

ʻAi ka manu manu i ka iʻa, hoʻomaka mai ke poʻo. Inā hānai ke kāne i ka wahine i kēia manawa, ʻai ʻo ia i ka ʻāpana o ka hopu, e lawe ana i ka mahele i kahi ʻāpana. Ma ka holoʻokoʻa, ʻaʻole i hoʻohana ʻia nā ospreys e hūnā i ka mea a lākou i lawe ai: lawe lākou, hoʻokuʻu a waiho i nā koena o ka nolo.

Ua ʻike ʻia ʻo ka osprey disdain carrion a aneane ʻaʻole inu i ka wai, e ʻona i ka pono o kēlā me kēia lā no ka umu me ka iʻa hou.

Ua helu pū ka poʻe Ornithologists i ka hapa o ka mālama kūleʻa (24-774%), me ka hōʻike ʻana ua pili ke kuhikuhi i ka mākeke, nā ebbs a me nā kahe o nā osprey ponoʻī. Hoʻokahi haneli o ka manu o ka papa ʻaina manu i noho ʻia e nā rana, ka lua wai, muskrats, squirrels, salamanders, nāu, nā manu liʻiliʻi, a me nā puʻupuʻu liʻiliʻi.

Nā Lāʻau

Hoʻomaʻo pinepine ma luna o ka pūnana ʻike ʻoe i kahi kāne ke kākau ʻana i nā pirouettes hau - he mau kumu kēia o ka male a me ka manawa like ka hoʻāʻo e hoʻowalewale i nā hakakā.

Ma keʻano holoʻokoʻa, he monogamous ke ospreys, akā hōʻike ka polygamy i ka wā e pili kokoke ana nā nests, a hiki i ke kāne ke pale aku i ka lua. ʻO ka manu mua i kēia hihia ka mea nui i ka kāne, ʻoiai ua lawe ʻo ia i ka iʻa ma laila.

ʻO nā ʻōhulu e noho ana ma Rūsia e kau nui ma nā conifers kiʻekiʻe e ulu ana ma ka lihi o ka nahele, ma nā kapa o kahi kahawai / loko a i ʻole e noho ma ka ʻaoʻao. Kahi nā lāʻau nui e kū i luna o 1-10 m ma luna o ke kuahiwi a pono ʻole e kū i kahi pua nui o nā ʻōpala no nā makahiki he nui.

Kuku iki iki ʻia, ʻikea ka lua i nā pou o nā mana mana, nā pākuhi papahele a me nā hale hoʻi. Ma Australia, ua maʻamau nā hihia o ka lawaiʻa o nā ospreys. Ua lūlū ʻia ka pūnana mai nā lālā, hoʻopili ʻia me ka algae a i ʻole mauʻu nāu, e hoʻohana pinepine ana i nā lako kūkulu ʻono ʻole - nā ʻeke peke, nā wahi lawaiʻa a me nā mea ʻē aʻe i loaʻa i ka wai. I loko, e hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka pā me ka moss a me ka mauʻu.

Nā ʻlelo

Hāʻawi ka wahine i ʻelua mau hua māmā (i hōʻailona ʻia i ka poni, ʻulaʻula a i ʻole nā kala hina) i komo ʻia nā mākua ʻelua. Ma hope o nā lā 35-38, ua hānai nā pipi, a ʻo ka makuakāne ke kuleana e hānai i ka ʻohana, ʻaʻole wale ka pipi, akā ʻo ka wahine nō hoʻi. Mālama ka makuahine i nā heihei a kali i ka meaʻai mai kāna hoa hana, ʻaʻole ke loaʻa, noi aku ʻo ia mai nā kāne a puni.

Manaʻo. Kuhi ka makua mālama i nā lā a pau mai 3 a 10 mau iʻa 60-100 i loko o ka pā. Hiki i nā mākua ʻelua ke ʻoki i ka ʻiole i mau ʻāpana a hāʻawi iā lākou i nā moa.

ʻAʻole iʻoi aku ma mua o 10 mau lā, hoʻololi nā pipi i kā lākou kapa lole keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo i ka hina hina, a loaʻa ka hulu mua ma hope o kekahi mau pule. Pane ka holo ʻōpala ma hope o nā lā 48-75: i ka neʻe ʻana i ka heluna kanaka, wikiwiki ʻia ke kaʻina plumage.

Ma ka mahina ʻelua o ko lākou ola ʻana, hiki i nā moa i 70-80% ka nui o nā manu makua, a holo kuʻi, hana lākou i kā lākou ʻimi mua i ka holo kūʻokoʻa. E ʻike maopopo i ka lawaiʻa ʻana, ʻaʻole hilahila nā moa i ka hoʻi ʻana i ka waʻa e koi ana i ka meaʻai mai ko lākou mau mākua. ʻO ka huina o ke kauwela kauwela o ka ʻohana he like ka 120-150 kg.

Noho ka ʻaha o osprey i loko o ka pā hale no 2 mau mahina, akā, ʻaʻole like me ka huaʻāina o nā manu ʻē aʻe o ka ʻai, ʻaʻole i hōʻike ka pōpilikia, akā, ma ke ʻano, hoʻāʻo ka peʻe. Haʻalele pinepine nā mākua i ka nano i hiki ʻole ke wehe i ka ulu ʻōpio. Hoʻokomo ʻia ka hana hoʻouluulu i ka osprey ʻōpio ʻaʻole ia ma mua o 3 mau makahiki.

Nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe

Ma ʻAmelika ʻAmelika, ʻo ka Virginia Eagle Owl a me ka Bald Eagle ka mea make o nā moa osprey a, ʻoi aku hoʻi i ka wā makua. Ua ʻike ʻia ʻo Ospreys he ʻenemi kūlohelohe o: