ʻO ka holoholona i kapa ʻia ʻo ka ginger panda he holoholona maikaʻi. Mai manaʻoʻiʻo iaʻu - nānā i ke kiʻi! Ua mākaukau mākou no ʻoe i nā mea hoihoi loa e pili ana i ka panda kūpeʻe, hoʻomaka me kahi wehewehe a me kahi mōʻaukala o ka ʻike ʻana o nā ʻano ...
I ka papa o ka honua holoholona hihiu, pili kēia ʻano holoholona i ka ʻohana panda, ke ʻano genus Lesser Panda. Hiki i ka nui o nā ʻike i ʻike ʻia e pili ana i ka mōʻaukala o ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i kēia holoholona. No ka manawa mua, ʻike ʻia ka ʻike e pili ana i kahi panda ʻulaʻula i nā kākau Kina i ka ʻumikūmākolu o ke kenekulia, akā ma ʻEulopa ua aʻo lākou i ka ʻike ʻana i kahi holoholona ulaula maikaʻi i ka kenekulia 19 wale nō.
ʻO ka mea nui i ka mea ʻike nui ʻia no ka holoholona noiʻi ʻEulopa, e like me ka lewa fluffy nui, nona ka lehulehu Pelekane ʻo Thomas Hardwick. ʻO ke kanaka koa hoʻonaʻauao, e ʻimi nei i nā kolone Pelekane i ka makahiki 1821, ua hōʻiliʻili i nā mea pono e pili ana i ka panda ʻulaʻula a manaʻo ʻia kekahi inoa kaulana. ʻO "Hha" (wha) - ʻo ia ka mea i kapa ʻia e ko Kina holoholona, a ua pili kēia inoa inoa me ka hoʻopalike ʻana i nā leo i hana ʻia e kēia "hha".
ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi ʻo Panda (Ailurus fulgens).
Eia naʻe, aia nā koho ʻē aʻe no ka haʻi ʻana, ka Kina, e like me ke ʻano nui, i kapa ʻia ia "punya" (poonya) a i ʻole "han-ho" (hun-ho). Akā ʻo ka moʻolelo ka mea kupanaha i ka wahine ʻōpiopio, a ʻo ka mea nāna i ʻike i ka mea i hele a kū i ke kanaka Pelekane ʻo Frederic Cuvier, ka mea ma mua o ka pūʻali koa pūʻali, aʻo ia ka mea i hoʻonohonoho i nā mea i loko o ka kolone i waiho ʻia. Ua hōʻike ʻia e nā mea ʻepekema ʻoiai kahi inoa ʻepekema maikaʻi i hoʻokumu ʻia, e like me ka mea i ʻāpono ʻia e nā ʻepekema, ma Latin Ailurus fulgens, ʻo ia ka "ʻinekinhi puaa."
Ke hoʻāʻo nei nā Pelekania e pāpā kūʻē i kēia ʻano kuhi hewa ʻole ʻole, akā ua holo mua ʻia kēia mea, a nā nā kānāwai āpau i hiki ʻole ke hōʻole ʻia. ʻO ke ʻano o nā kanaka maoli a pau e helu pono me ka inoa Latina, a ua hiki ʻole ke loli. A ʻo ka mea mua i ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi ʻano holoholona hou e noho pū nei me ka mea ʻepekema nāna i hoʻokumu i ka inoa Latin hou. Ua noho ka lehulehu o ka Pelekania me kāna makemake.
Aia nā māka ʻelua o ka hua liʻiliʻi, a ʻulaʻula paha.
ʻAʻole hopohopo ʻo Zoologist Miles Roberts e pili ana iā Hardwick, ʻaʻole i pīpī i ka manawa e hōʻike aku i ka inoa i hāʻawi ʻia e ka mea noiʻi Farani e kūpono i ka nani o nā panda ʻulaʻula. ʻO nā huaʻōlelo pōkole "kukui", "kukui" e hōʻike hou ana i nā hiʻohiʻona o ia holoholona maikaʻi aʻe ma mua o ka "hha" inexpressive. Ua mahalo ʻo Frederic Cuvier i ka panda ʻulaʻula a kākau iā ia e like me "he meaʻala maikaʻi, hoʻokahi o ka ʻokiʻoki i mau wāwae ʻehā." ʻOiai, ua kūlike ka inoa hou me ke ʻano o nā panda ʻulaʻula, a hoʻokani ʻia nei i ka ʻepekema ʻana i ka ʻono o ʻEulopa, ʻaʻole like me kekahi hkh Kina, me he mea lā he ʻūlū ʻana o kahi holoholona hūlani i loko o ke kapa hulu hanohano.
ʻO kahi kahi o ka panda ʻula.
ʻAʻole naʻe i kākoʻo i nā mea hoʻohālike o General Hardwick i kāna mau moemoeā hoʻolālā. Mea makemake lākou i kekahi inoa ʻē aʻe - "poonya", i lawe nui i nā kumu kūlohelohe i waena o nā mea kūlohelohe. E hoʻohana nā poʻe loea o nā ao āpau i kā lākou hana ʻepekema i kēia inoa nui.
ʻIke ʻia ka panda ʻulaʻula i ka lua o ka kenekulia 19.
ʻO ka misionari Farani, ʻo Pierre Armand David i ka makahiki 1869, i ka haʻi ʻana i Kina a i ka wā like ka ʻimi ʻana ʻana i ke aupuni mōʻī o kēia ʻāina, ua kākau e pili ana i ka holoholona hihiu hou me ka hana o ka niho like me ka noho ʻana i nā ʻōpala. Wahi a kēia mau hōʻailona, hoʻomaka ʻia nā holoholona ʻelua e kapa ʻia he pandas. Ua kapa ʻia ka holoholona nui i kapa ʻia ʻo "panda nui", a me nā lua, he ʻiliʻuku, a lilo i kapa ʻia "panda a ʻulaʻula paha."
E hoʻolohe i ka leo o nā panda liʻiliʻi
No ka manawa lōʻihi, kānalua ka ʻepekema i ka pilina ʻohana me nā holoholona hihiu ʻē aʻe. Ua manaʻo kekahi ʻo nā bea pandas, aʻo nā mea lāʻau ʻē aʻe i waiho iā lākou i loko o ka hui like ʻole o nā raccoons. A ua hōʻike wale nō nā hōʻike genetic i ka pilina me nā bea. ʻO ka pili pili pili loa i ka panda nui, ʻo ia ka bea pīhoihoi, e noho nei ma ʻAmelika Hema. A ua ʻike ʻia ka pili aloha o ka panda ʻulaʻula. I ka helehelena, ʻaʻole ia i like me kahi panda nui. I ka wā o ka ʻimi ʻana o ka archaeological, ua ʻike nā kānaka ʻepekema i nā hōʻike ʻoi ʻo ka panda liʻiliʻi he pili pilikino loa ia no kona inoa nui. ʻO ko lākou kupuna kūpilikiʻi ka lōkihi ʻana i mau miliona makahiki i hala ma Eurasia.
ʻO kekahi holoholona liʻiliʻi ʻo ka panda ʻulaʻula.
Loaʻa nā koena holoholona Fossilized i nā ʻāpana he nui o ka honua, mai ka hikina o Kina a i ʻEnelani paha. Eia kekahi, aia nā hōʻike e noho ana nā pōpoki liʻiliʻi ma ʻAmelika ʻAmelika i nā mokuʻāina o Tennessee a me Wakinekona. Aia paha he nūhou hōʻano hou kēia o ka panda ʻula e noho ana ma Miocene.
Aia a hiki i kēia manawa, ua nui ke kūkākūkā ʻana e pili ana i ka pili ʻana o ka panda i hoʻokahi a i ʻole kekahi papa kuhikuhi.
Ma kēia kūkākūkā e pili ana i ka papa o nā pandas. Akā ua kū mai nā nīnau hou e hauʻoli i ka noʻonoʻo o nā mea kūlohelohe. ʻAʻohe mea i hoʻāʻo e aʻo i ka kikoʻī i ka ʻano o nā pandas ma ko lākou kūlana kūlohelohe. Ua nānā ʻia lākou i loko o zoos, a eia wale nō ua nānā lākou i ka panda ʻula. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kino o ka holoholona he 51-64 mau kenimika, kahi huluhulu lōʻihi lōʻihi e pili ana i nā pihi ʻeleʻele a hiki i ka 28-48 cm. Na kaupaona nā wahine 4.2 - 6 kg, nā kāne 3.7 - 6.2 kg.
Manaʻo nui nā pandas ʻO ka lāʻau.
Paʻi ʻia ka hulu hulu i nā leo ʻulaʻula, ʻeleʻele ma lalo, me kahi kala a i ʻole ka ʻeleʻele. ʻO ke keʻokeʻo ka pōkole a me nā kihi o nā pepeiao i keʻokeʻo, he keʻokeʻo "ʻāeʻa" a puni nā maka, e hāʻawi ana i ka ʻano like ʻole o ka raccoon. Hoʻohui ʻokoʻa kēia hiʻohiʻona i kēlā me kēia palani pika. Kōkua kēia kapa kapa i ka camouflage i ke kuʻina o kahi lāʻau lāʻau i uhi ʻia me nā lichens a me nā moʻo.
Me ke kōkua o nā pōkole pōkole a ikaika me nā kīkoi semi-retractable, maʻalahi ka holo ʻana o ka panda ma nā wahi lāʻau i ka ʻimi ʻana i kahi wahi paʻa. E alakaʻi ana ka holoholona i kahi ola pilikino, i ke ao i hū ʻia i loko o kahi hollow, curled a uhi a me ka uhi ʻana i kona muzzle me kahi kāʻei manuahi. Ke neʻe nui nei i ka ʻōpū a i ʻole ke weliweli e piʻi koke i loko o kahi lāʻau. Mālama ka holoholona i kona hulu, ma hope o kēlā me kēia pāʻina, hoʻomanawanui ka panda panda i kona hulu nani a hoʻomāne i ka ihu ʻoi.
ʻO Styana liʻiliʻi.
Noho ka holoholona ma ke komohana Hāpai, Myanmar, Nepal, Bhutan a ma ke kūkulu ʻākau-hikina o India. Hoʻopili ia i nā wahi kuahiwi ma kahi kiʻekiʻe o 2000 - 4800 m ma luna o ke kai. ʻElua nā hua ʻōlelo o ka panda liʻiliʻi: loaʻa nā panda Stayana (ʻĀlurus fulgens) i loko o ka hikina a i ʻ kahawai komohana hema o Kina a me Myanmar ʻĀkau, nā panda liʻiliʻi (ʻula) panda (Ailurus fulgens fulgens) e noho ana ma ke komohana o Nepal a me Bhutan.
ʻOi aku ka Panda liʻiliʻi.
ʻO ka panda ʻo Styana i uhi ʻia i ka hulu ʻeleʻele a he nui ka nui, ʻokoʻa ka pale o ka pulu i loko o nā ʻano, no laila ke ʻike ʻoe i nā holoholona i ka nui o nā kaila melemele. Nani ke aniani i loko o nā home o nā panda ʻulaʻula, no laila e kōkua ke kapa huluhulu i kūpaʻa i kēlā mau ʻano. ʻO ka hoʻoilo a me ke kauwela ma kēia mau ʻāina o ka honua heʻokoʻa i ka nui o ka ua, akā naʻe ʻaʻohe mau o nā hēkeʻalani i ke kaikina wela i ka makahiki. ʻO ka ʻokoʻa o ka ea ākea ma waena o 10-25 degere, ʻo ka ua i 3500 mm i kēlā me kēia makahiki. ʻO ke kīlohelohe mau, ka ua a me ka ua i hāʻawi i nā mea ulu palupalu, kahi e lilo ai i puʻuwai hilinaʻi mai nā maka aloha ʻole.
ʻAʻole makemake i nā pandas ʻO nā mea nānā pono.
Hōʻalo ʻia nā ululāʻau kahi i hui ʻia ai nā panda ʻulaʻula, akā i ulu ke ahi ma loko o ka lāʻau, akā, ulu nō nā hua lāʻau pohulihi, ulu ʻia ana e ka rhododendron a me ka meaʻai punahele nā pandas. ʻOiai ʻo ka panda he holoholona i ka wā kai a loaʻa i kahi ʻōnaehana kikowaena hiʻona o nā holoholona o kēia kauoha, 95% o ka meaʻai i ka lau o ka puaʻa a me nā mea pua. Hāʻawi ka meaʻai i ka nui o ka ikehu e pono ai no ke ola, no laila ua hānai ka panda ʻula i nā lau me ka voracity nui, i ka lā e ʻai ai ʻo 1.5-4 kg mau lau o ka lau a me nā ʻōpala. Pono ka ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū o ka holoholona i ka fiber coarse, no laila ua koho ka panda i ka ʻōpio a me nā ʻona ʻihi o nā mea kanu.
Nā pale liʻiliʻi ʻoi aku ka hoʻomaha.
I ka hoʻoilo, ʻaʻohe ʻano o nā māla i nā wana hou, ua hoʻololi ia i kāna meaʻai me nā hua manu, nā pepona, nā rodents liʻiliʻi, a me nā hua. Inā ʻaʻole, he hopena o ka waiʻai i ka hana a me ke olakino o ka holoholona hihiu. I loko o ka nohona kūlohelohe, noho nā pōpoki ulaula mai 8 a 15 mau makahiki. Ke kamaʻilio pū kekahi me kēlā me kēia, hana ka holoholona i nā kani panting haʻahaʻa, pana i kahi huelo nani, pale i ko lākou poʻo a neʻe i kā lākou ʻāʻī. ʻO ka wā hoʻoulu ma Ianuali, i kahi i hoʻohālikelike ai nā manawa ʻelua. Hānau ka hoʻomohala o ka embryo i nā lā he 50, ʻoiai he lōʻihi ma kahi o 90-145 mau lā ma waena o ka moena a me ka hānau ʻana. Hoʻolau wale ia ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka liʻiliʻi o ka fetus, a kapa ʻia kēia manawa diapause e nā poʻe loea.
Pono nā wahine a pau i nā keiki, ʻānai nā kāne kāne i kēia hana paʻakikī a paʻakikī. Akā i kēia hihia, hiki paha nā mea hoʻowalewale ke hiki aku i kahi ʻohana me kahi pilina mau. Pahu nā kerba i ka pūnana, ʻo nā laina wahine a me nā lau a me nā lālā ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hānau ʻana, ma ka hapanui ia e kū ana i ka huku o kahi lāʻau a i ʻole ka ʻala ma waena o nā pōhaku.
Hānau ʻia nā pale ʻōpio liʻiliʻi, me ka maka o ko lākou mau maka. ʻO kā lākou paona, he 100 gram wale nō, a palupalu ke kala ʻana i ke ʻano o ka hoʻohanohano ʻana i nā holoholona makua, beige. Hānau ʻia ka panda ʻulaʻula i kekahi mau keiki, maʻa mau he pēpē 1-2 i loko o kona ʻohana, a inā i hānau ʻia 3 a 4 paha, laila hoʻokahi wale nō e ola ana i ka pākeke.
Kuku liʻiliʻi panda.
He paʻakikī i nā holoholona i ʻai ʻole ʻole i nā meaʻai like ʻole e hānai i nā helu he nui. I kēia hihia, hoʻomaka ka koho kūlohelohe e hana a haʻalele i ka ʻōpio ikaika, hiki ke hana i nā hua olakino maikaʻi. Ke ulu lohi nei nā pipi liʻiliʻi, e wehe wale ana ko lākou mau maka i ka lā ʻumikumamāwalu. Ua hānai mau ka wahine iā lākou a hānai me ka waiū wale nō. I nā makahiki ʻekolu, ʻae ke kala i ke kala i kahi ʻano ʻulaʻula, like i ka pākeke. ʻĀnō e hoʻomaka nā keiki i ka waiho ʻana i ka nū maʻa i ka ʻimi ʻana i ka loiloi o ka lua. Ke alakaʻi nei ka ʻohana i kahi nohona nomadic a neʻe aku a hiki i ka waena o ka hoʻoilo, a hiki i ka makahiki holoʻokoʻa.
Hānau ʻia ka wahine e ka wahine no ka lōʻihi loa, hoʻopau ʻo ia i kona manawa āpau me kāna hua, ʻo nā ʻōpala ʻōpio wale nō ʻaʻole e ola a make ka make. Ma ke ʻano kūlohelohe o nā panda ʻulaʻula, ʻaʻole nui loa nā ʻenemi, ʻo ka pinepine ka holoholona e lilo nei i pōpō o ka leʻe hau, akā ʻo kēia ʻano o ka mea nāna i kau ʻia ma ka hope o ka pau ʻole. Kuhi ʻia ka panda ʻula i loko o ka International Red Book mai Malaki 1988, ma ke ʻano he ʻehaʻehā. He kakaikahi wale nō kēia mau holoholona nani i ko lākou wahi kūlohelohe, e like me ka ʻike hou i kēia aia wale nō ma kahi o 2500 kanaka. Hōʻoweliweli ʻia nā hale ʻulaʻula me ka ʻaihue. Nui loa nā kumulāʻau lāʻau i hōʻoki ʻia i ka pono o ke kanaka.
Hoʻopilikia mau ka panda i ka luku ma muli o kāna hulu nani, ʻoiai ke ʻimi nei no nā holoholona i nā wahi āpau, hoʻomau nā poʻi e pana i nā holoholona ma India a ma ke komohana hema o Kina. Ua lawe ʻia nā mehana e mālama i nā ʻano i loko o nā zoos, i kēia manawa 350 mau ʻāpana ʻulaʻula i noho ma 85 mau pā o ka honua, ka mea i hānai ʻia. I nā makahiki he iwakālua i hala aku nei, ua hoʻokumu lākou i nā keiki i pālua i ka helu o nā pandas e noho pio ana.
ʻOiai ke ʻano o ka hana i mālama ʻia no ka mālama ʻana i ka nui o nā ʻano i loaʻa ʻole, ua lohi lohi loa nā panda. Aia nā kumu kūlohelohe no kēia: liʻiliʻi ka nui o nā cubs i nā hua, a ʻike ʻia i hoʻokahi manawa wale nō i ka makahiki, hiki lākou i ka wā puberty i ka makahiki ʻewalu mau mahina, a ʻai wale i nā ʻano kanu. I ka kūlohelohe kūlohelohe, make nā pandas mai nā kumu he nui i pili i nā loli i nā kūlana ola. No laila, noho mau ka nika panda i kahi ulu me ka hopena.
Hoʻomaʻa nā pale ʻulaʻula i nā mea kanu a me ka meaʻai o nā holoholona mai.
Akā ke manaolana nei ʻaʻole e hala nā holoholona mai ka maka o ka honua, e like me nā holoholona ʻē aʻe he nui. He mana ko ke kanaka e hoʻoponopono i kona mau hewa i ka pilina me ko mākou mau hoahānau. A e mahalo pū ʻia nā hanauna o ka poʻe i ka holoholona maikaʻi. ʻO ka panda ʻulaʻula kahi inoa inoa o Mozilla. Ua unuhi ʻia mai China, hunho - "ahi fox" - kani i ka ʻōlelo Pelekane e like me Firefox.
Ma ke ala, hiki ke loaʻa ka ʻike e pono ai e pili ana i nā ʻāpana ʻulaʻula i ka punaewele ʻo sweetpanda.ru ma ka māhele o nā pandas liʻiliʻi.
Ua loaʻa ʻia kēia inoa e nā polokalamu maʻamau - "Mozilla Firefox". E kōkua paha i kahi inoa kaulana i ka holoholona, a e hōʻoli kino ka helu o nā holoholona hihiu.
Inā loaʻa ʻoe i kahi hala, e koho i kahi ʻāpana a me ka paʻi Ctrl + Kākau.