ʻO Euglena ʻōmaʻomaʻo (Euglena viridis) kahi protozoan hoʻokahi-celled o ka ʻano genus Euglene class flagellate type sarcomastigofora. Wahi a nā zoologists, ua hui ʻia nā euglena ʻōmaʻomaʻo ma ka hui o nā holoholona - ʻo ka hae flagella (phyto-flagellates). Manaʻo kekahi mau ʻepekema hou he euglena green is the natural kajadian is of euglena algae.

Noho kēia mau protozoa i nā kino wai i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia - kahe wai, nā mākeke, nā pā, nā lau wai liʻiliʻi i nā kino wai. ʻO kekahi manawa ʻike ʻia nā lau euglena ma loko o nā kao wai maʻemaʻe, ʻelua a me ka paʻakai.

Ua loaʻa ka inoa ʻo Euglena no ke kala ʻōmaʻomaʻo, nāna e hāʻawi i nā chromatophores kino. Inā mākou e nānā i ka euglena ʻōmaʻomaʻo ma lalo o kahi pōkopa, ʻike ʻia ʻo ia ka nui o ka cell euglena i ʻōmaʻomaʻo he fusiform oblong, ʻoi kona liʻiliʻi o ka nui o ka amoeba maʻamau (0.05-0.06 mm). Ma lalo o ka membrane he cytoplasm me nā organoids a me kahi nucleus nui. Hoʻopili ʻia ka ʻaoʻao o waho o ka sitioplasm, i hiki ke hoʻololi wale i ka helehelena o ke kelepona i loko o kekahi mau palena - liʻuliʻu iki, ʻoiai ke lilo ka liʻiliʻi i kahi liʻiliʻi a ʻoi aku ka nui. Hōʻike ʻia ka maka aniani ʻulaʻula i kona ʻaoʻao kūloko i loko o ke kino o ke kanaka. ʻO kahi kokoke i loko o ka recess kahi flagellum, me ke kōkua o ka neʻe i ke kao e hoʻoneʻe i nā ʻōmaʻomaʻo euglena. ʻO ka vacuole i pili ʻia, ua kokoke i ka maka photosensitive, ʻo kāna hana nui ka osmoregulatory (hoʻokuʻu i ke kino mai ka wai nui). ʻO nā Chromatophores i loko o ke kino o kekahi kanaka ke ʻano kūlike a hoʻonohonoho pono ʻia.

ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona o ka euglena ʻōmaʻomaʻo ka mea ma kona ʻili a hana i nā ʻano o nā mea kanu a me ka holoholona i hui pū ʻia. Hōʻike kēia i ka kumu maʻamau o nā mea kanu a me nā meaola holoholona i ka wā o kahi evolution. No laila, ʻo ka mixotrophic nutritional ʻano o ka euglena, ʻo ia hoʻi, e hiki ai iā ia ke ʻano o nā ʻano huaʻai autotrophic a me heterotrophic ma muli o ke kuana mai o nā chloroplasts me ka chlorophyll i loko o ka pūlau. Ke lawe ʻia nei ka photosynthesis ma lalo o nā kūlana o ka hoʻomālamalama maikaʻi i nā chloroplasts. Akā me ka lōʻihi o ka euglena ʻōmaʻomaʻo ma nā wahi me ka maluhia kukui, ʻo kona cell ua like me "discolor" ma muli o ka luku ʻana o ka chlorophyll i nā chloroplasts. Euglena ʻōmaʻomaʻo i ʻole ka palahalike paha. ʻO ka mea maʻalahi ka hele ʻana i ka ʻano heterotrophic o ka meaʻai, ka ʻaʻa ʻana i nā mea kūlohelohe i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai. Ke komo nei ka euglena i nā wahi hoʻomālamalama, ua hoʻihoʻi ʻia nā kaʻina āpau o ka nutrotr autic.

I ka mālamalama ma muli o ke kiʻi photosynthesis i ke kino o ka euglena ʻōmaʻomaʻo, ua hoʻokumu ʻia kahi waihona o ke kūleʻa ʻia, e like me ia i ke ʻano o ke kō. Hoʻokomo ʻia kēia waiwai i ke ʻano o nā mea kanu i ka cytoplasm o nā pā.

Pēlā, i loko o ke kino o ka euglena ʻōmaʻomaʻo, e like me nā hana e like me ka mea e pili ana i ka meaʻai, ka ʻaha ʻana, ka ʻāʻī, ka photosynthesis, a me ka hana hou. ʻO ka hana hou ʻana o nā mea ola ʻo kēia ʻano, he euglenic asexually - ma o ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i ke kelepona i ka hapa, i hoʻohālikelike ʻia i nā ciliates, kahi ʻano i pili i ke kaʻina hana. Me ka hana wikiwiki o ka nui o nā kānaka euglena kākā, loaʻa, ʻulaʻula, ʻulaʻula a ʻōmaʻomaʻo "pua" paha o nā kino wai.

Kaomi a me ka physiology

ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kino 50-60 micrometer, laulā 14-18 micrometer. Hoʻopili ʻia ke kino, ma ka mua i hoʻokahi aia ka lōʻihi o ka hae, i ka mea i loko o ke kelu e komo ai i ke kino basal, ʻoi aku ka laulā i hope a kuhikuhi ʻia. ʻO Euglena he elastic shell e hāʻawi iā ia i kahi hiʻohiʻona, akā ua ʻae iā ia e kahe, ʻoi aku ka nui a me ka nui.

Ma ka ʻaoʻao like me ka hae, loaʻa i ka waha ʻōmaʻomaʻo i ka euglena ʻōmaʻomaʻo, me ke kōkua o ia me ka ʻai ʻana i nā pōpikipala. Kōkua ka haeila.

Aia pū pū kekahi i mua o ke kelepona he kiʻi photosensitive hoʻokumu - ʻo ka maka (e ʻike i ke stigma), he ʻulaʻula. ʻO Euglena ʻōmaʻomaʻo he phototaxis kūpono, i.e., kaʻe kahe i ka ʻaoʻao o ke kukui.

Lawe ʻia ka neʻe i ke ala ma kahi i kū ai ka hae. Pīlī ʻia ʻo ia i loko o ka wai, ʻōlohelohe wale ana kēia ʻāpana i kēia ʻaoʻao.

Hoʻohui like ʻo Euglena i ke ʻano o nā mea kanu a me nā holoholona. Aia kona cell i ka chlorophyll a i ka mālamalama i hiki ke hānai ma o ke kaʻina hana o ka photosynthesis. I loko o ka pouli a me ka nui o ka meaʻai meaola, e ʻai ʻo euglena i ka heterotrophically, e hōʻuluʻulu i nā mea kūlohelohe. Ke lōʻihi nei ka noho ʻana i nā wahi maluhia ʻole e alakaʻi i ka "discoloration" o ke kino ʻōmaʻomaʻo o ka euglena: luku ʻia ka chlorophyll i loko o ka chloroplasts, a lilo ka euglena i ʻōmaʻomaʻo a ʻōpiopio paha. Eia naʻe, ke hoʻi nei i nā wahi i hoʻomālamalama ʻia, hoʻomaka hou ka euglena e loaʻa nā meaʻai autotrophic.

Ma ka ulu ʻana o nā kūlana kūlohelohe maikaʻi (ka hoʻoilo, maloʻo ka waho o ka loko), kākā ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo i kahi pōkole, ʻoiai e nalowale ana ka hae a e lilo i spherical.

Hoʻopuka ka euglena mākaʻi e ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻokoʻa.

Nā pili pili

ʻO nā hoahānau pili kokoke loa o ka puaʻa euglena he koko euglena [en] (Euglena sanguinea) a me ka hau euglena (Euglena nivalis) Me ka hoʻonui ʻia o kēia mau ʻano, ʻike ʻia nā mea i kapa ʻia "snow snow". ʻOi aku ka nui o Aristotle i nā kenekulia IV SM. e. ua wehewehe i ka heleʻana o ka hau "koko." Ua nānā ʻo Charles Darwin i kēia ʻano a ʻo ia e hele ana ma luna o kahi moku Beagle.

ʻO kekahi mau Euglenaans i hiki ʻole i ka photosynthesis a hānai i ka heterotrophically e like me nā holoholona, ​​no ka laʻana, nā ʻelele o nā genus Astasia ( ʻAsialeloasia ) Hiki i kēia mau holoholona ke hoʻomohala i nā ʻili waha paʻakikī a me ke kinilona i nā hapa meaʻai liʻiliʻi.

Nā hiʻohiʻona, ʻano a me nā noho maʻamau

Euglena ʻōmaʻomaʻo, kūkulu ʻia ʻAʻohe maʻalahi ia no ka microorganism, he kino elongated a me kahi hapala posterior hapalua. He liʻiliʻi ka nui o nā mea maʻalahi: ma ka lōʻihi, ʻo ka maʻalahi hoʻi ʻaʻole iʻoi aku ma mua o 60 micrometer, a ʻo ka laulā ākea hiki ʻole i ka hōʻailona o 18 a keu mau micrometer.

ʻO ka mea maʻalahi he kino neʻe, ka mea hiki ke hoʻololi i kona ʻano. Inā pono, hiki a kuhi paha ka microorganism a, i ʻole, e pālahalaha.

Ma luna, ua uhi ʻia ka maʻalahi me ka pellicle i kapa ʻia, ʻo ia ka mea e pale ai i ke kino mai nā ʻano o waho. Ma ke alo o ka microorganism kekahi mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe e kōkua i ka neʻe ʻana, me kahi papa kuʻi ʻana.

ʻAʻole nā ​​poʻe euglens e hoʻohana i kahi tourniquet no ka neʻe ʻana. Manaʻo ka hapa nui o lākou e neʻe i mua. ʻO nā kānana protote e waiho ana ma lalo o ka kinona o ke kino e kōkua i ka hoʻopili ʻana i ke kino a pēlā e neʻe ai.

ʻO nā Chromatophores e lawe i ka photosynthesis, hana i ka hoʻoliʻi momona, hāʻawi i ke ʻōmaʻomaʻo o ke kino. I kekahi manawa i ka chromatophores e hana i ka nui o nā huamina, e keokeo ka kino o ka euglena.

Ciliates kāmaʻa a me ka euglena ʻōmaʻomaʻo hoʻohālikelike pinepine ʻia i loko o nā pōʻepekema o nā kānaka ʻepekema, eia naʻe ka hapa iki. No ka laʻana, euglena ʻai ʻoi a me ka heterotrophically, aʻo ka kāmaʻa ciliates e koho wale aku i nā ʻano mea kanu o ka pono.

ʻO nā ola maʻalahi loa ka hapanui o nā wai i hoʻohaumia (no ka laʻana, nā mākona). I kekahi manawa ke loaʻa i loko o nā kahe wai maʻemaʻe me nā wai hou a i ʻole ka wai paʻakai. Euglena ʻōmaʻomaʻo, ciliates, amoeba - hiki ke ʻike ʻia kēia mau microorganism āpau ma nā wahi āpau ma ka Honua.

ʻO ke ʻano a me ke ola o ka euglena ʻōmaʻomaʻo

ʻImi mau ʻo Euglena e neʻe i nā wahi ākea o ka mea hoʻomau. No ka hoʻoholoʻana i ke kumu o ke kukui, paʻa ʻo ia i kāna waihona i kahi "maka" kūikawā kokoke i ka pharynx. Hoʻopili loa ka peephole i ka mālamalama a hana i kāna loli liʻiliʻi.

ʻO ke kaʻina o ka hakakā no ka māmā ua kapa ʻia nā phototaxis maikaʻi. No ka hoʻokō ʻana i ke kaʻina o ke osmoregulation, he euplena kūikawā i hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā kontrota.

Mahalo i kahi vacuole i hoʻohiki ai, ke hoʻopau nei i nā mea pono ʻole āpau ma kona kino, ʻoiai inā he wai ka mea nui a hōʻiliʻili paha i nā mea olino. Ua kapa ʻia kēia hoka no ka mea i ka wā o ka neʻe ʻana o ka pauku e hoʻōla ia ana, kōkua a hoʻoulu hou i ke kaʻina hana.

E like me ka hapa nui o nā microorganisms, ʻo euglena i hoʻokahi nucleus haploid, i.e., hoʻokahi wale nō pūʻulu o nā chromosome. Hoʻopili i nā chloroplasts, aia ka cytoplasm e loaʻa hoʻi i ka paramyl - mālama i ka protein protein.

Ma ka manawa o ka organelles i papa inoa ʻia, aia ka protozoa a paʻa kahi a me ka hoʻopili pū ʻana i nā mea kanu inā pono nā protozoa e ʻole kahi meaʻai no kekahi manawa. ʻO ka hanu ʻoluʻolu loa, ke komo ʻana i ka oxygen i loko o ka ʻili o kona kino.

Hiki i ka maʻalahi ke hoʻoponopono i nā mea āpau, ʻoi loa ke ʻano. Inā hoʻomaka ka wai i loko o ka wai kō, e hoʻomaloʻo wale i ka noho ʻana, ua pau ka ʻai ʻana i ka ʻai a me ka neʻe, ʻōpiopio euglena loaʻa ka ʻike hou aku, a uhi ʻia ke kino ma kahi ʻāpana kūikawā e pale ai iā ia mai nā hopena ʻino o ke kaiapuni, ʻoiai nā hae o ka mea maʻalahi.

Aia ma kahi kūlana o "cyst" (ʻo ia ka inoa o kēia manawa i protozoa), hiki i ka euglena ke lōʻihi loa a hiki i kahi kūlana o waho e hoʻomau a lilo i ke aloha.

ʻAiʻa ʻōmaʻomaʻo Euglena

ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona o ka Euglena Green hana i ke kino ʻelua a me ka heterotrophic. ʻAi ʻo ia i nā mea a pau āu e pono ai, no laila haawe ʻōoʻomaʻo ka algae a me nā holoholona.

ʻAʻole i kū ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa ma waena o nā botanist a me nā zoologists. ʻO ka manaʻo mua he holoholona ia a hoʻokaʻawale iā ia he subtype o sarcozhgutokonosotsev, aia ka poʻe huaʻāina ʻo ia ka mea kanu.

I ka mālamalama, loaʻa ka microorganism i nā mea kanu ma o chromatoforms, i.e. Hōʻailona iā lākou aʻo ke ʻano e like me kahi mea kanu. ʻO ka mea maʻalahi loa me ka maka i huli mau ʻia ke kiʻi o ka mālamalama. Ua hoʻohuli ʻia nā kukui māmā ma nā photosynthesis i meaʻai i mea nāna. ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, he kīnā liʻiliʻi nā euglena, no ka laʻana, ka paramilon a me ka leukosin.

Me ka nele o nā kukui ʻana, ʻo ka mea maʻalahi kaomi ʻana e huli i kahi ala ʻē o ka hānai. ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, ua makemake ke ʻano hana mua no ka microorganism. ʻO ka protozoa, ka lōʻihi i ka wā maka i ka pōʻeleʻele ma muli o ko lākou nalowai i ka chlorophyll, ke huli nei i kahi kumu o ka nui o nā pono kai.

Ma muli o ka nalowale ʻole o ka chlorophyll, nalowale i ka microorganism kona ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻulaʻula a huli i ka keʻokeʻo. Me kahi ʻano heterotrophic o ka meaʻai, ka mea maʻalahi ka hoʻonaʻauao ʻana i ka meaʻai me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā hakahaka.

ʻO ka puna kōmole, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka meaʻai, ʻo ia ke kumu i makemake nui ʻia nei ʻo Euglena i ka ʻūmū a me nā pulupā. Euglena ʻōmaʻomaʻo, nā mea kanu no ka mea e hoʻomanaʻo piha i nā mea kanu o ka amoebas, ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o nā microorganism maʻalahi.

Aia ka euglena, ka mea, ma ke ʻano kūlike, ʻaʻole i hōʻike ʻia e ka photosynthesis a mai ko lākou ulu mua ʻana, e ʻai lākou i ka meaʻai o ka meaola wale nō.

ʻO kēia ala kiʻi i ka meaʻai i hāʻawi ʻia i ke kūkulu ʻana i kahi ʻano o ka waha no ka moni ʻana i ka meaʻai kūlohelohe. Ua wehewehe nā ʻepekema ʻepekema i ke ala ʻelua o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka meaʻai ma ke ʻano o nā mea kanu like ʻole a me nā holoholona like ʻole.

ʻO ka pilina a me ka lōʻihi

ʻO ka hoʻopili nui o ka euglena ʻōmaʻomaʻo holo wale nō i nā kūlana kūpono loa. I loko o kahi manawa pōkole, hiki i ka wai maʻemaʻe o kahi pahu kōpala ke lilo i ʻōmaʻomaʻo ma muli o ka neʻe ikaika o kēia mau mea maʻalahi.

ʻO nā hoahānau pili maʻalahi o kēia maʻalahi ka he hau lewa a me ke koko ʻaʻa. Ke hana hou kēia mau microorganisms, hiki ke nānā ʻia nā ʻano kupaianaha.

No laila, i ka kenekulia IV, ua haʻi ʻo Aristotle i ka hau "kupaianaha" kupanaha, akā naʻe, ka mea i kū mai ma muli o ka mahele ikaika o kēia mau microorganism. Hiki ke nānā aku i ka hau kihe ma nā wahi ʻākau o Rūsia, ma ka hoʻohālike, i nā Urals, Kamchatka, a i ʻole nā ​​mokupuni o ka ʻAliki.

He manu ola ʻo Euglena a hiki ke ola i nā wā pilikia ma ka hau a me ka hau. Ke nui nei kēia mau microorganism, loaʻa ka hau i ke kala o kā lākou cytoplasm. ʻAno maoli ka "popo" me nā ʻulaʻula a me nā ʻeleʻele hoʻi.

Hoʻolaha wale nā ​​mea maʻalahi e ka mahele. Ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka ʻāpana makuahine i ka lōʻihi. ʻO ka mea mua, e kahakaha ana ka lula i ke kaʻina o ka hoʻokaʻawale, a laila hana i ke koena o ka mea. ʻO kahi ʻano o nā pua kohu ma ke kino o ka microorganism, e hoʻokaʻawale i ke kino o ka makuahine i ʻelua mau kaikamahine.

Ma lalo o nā kūlana pōʻino, ma mua o ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana, hiki i kahi ke nānā i ke kaʻina o ke kūkulu cyst. I kēia hihia ke'ōmaʻomaʻo a me ke euglena ʻōloe pela no hoi kekahi.

E like me ka amoebas, ua uhi ʻia lākou me kahi pāloi kūikawā a hāʻule i loko o kahi ʻano ʻehā. I ke ʻano o nā cysts, lawe ʻia kēia mau mea me ka lepo a i ka wā e hoʻi hou ai lākou i loko o ka ʻatikala he ala ala lākou a hoʻomaka e hoʻoulu hou.

Nā hōʻailona o Euglena Green

ʻO ke kino unicellular i kahi ʻano fusiform. He luʻu ʻo ia. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kino e kokoke i ka ʻekahi 0.5cm. Ma mua o ke kino ʻo Euglena, wili. Eia ka maka ʻula. He photosensitive ia, e ʻae i nā wahi i hoʻopihapiha ʻia ʻo nā wahi "fodder" i loko o ke ao. Ma muli o ka nui o nā maka i ka puʻu Euglen, ʻulaʻulaʻula ka ʻōpū o ka wai.

ʻO Euglena Green ma lalo o ka mikroscope

Hoʻopili pū ʻia kahi flagellum ma ka mua o ka pūnao o ka pūlima. I nā keiki hou, ʻaʻole paha, no ka mea ke hoʻokaʻawale ke kelua i ʻelua. Kau mau ka Flagellum i kekahi o nā ʻāpana. Ke ulu nei ka lua o ka pūloi me ka manawa. Hope o ke kino Euglena Kahukula Laau He pointy. Kōkua kēia i ka pīhoihoi i ka wai, hoʻomaikaʻi i ka streamlining, a no laila wikiwiki ka wikiwiki.

Noho nā heroines o ka poʻomanaʻo i ka hana kāpili. ʻO kēia ka hiki ke hoʻololi i ke ʻano o ke kino. ʻOiai ʻehā pinepine ka lūlū, ʻano:

• e like me ke kea
• puʻuwai
• ʻolua
• pīpī

Eia nō ke ʻano o Euglena, ʻaʻole ʻike ʻia kona hae a inā ola nā kelu. Hoʻopili ʻia ke kaʻina ʻana i nā maka ma muli o ka pinepine o ka neʻe i ka neʻe. ʻAʻole hiki ke ʻike maka ke kanaka. ʻO ka liʻiliʻi o ka liʻiliʻi o ka hae e hāʻawi i kēia. Hiki ke hoʻokolokolo ʻia ma lalo o kahi microscope.

ʻO ke ʻano o Euglena

E hōʻuluʻulu i ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia ma nā mokuna mua, Euglena Green - holoholona a i ʻole nā ​​mea kanu e pili ana i:

1. ʻO Flagellum, ka hele mai e pili ana iā Evglen i ka papa o ka flagella. Na nā mea ʻelele mai 1 a 4 mau kaʻina hana. O ke anawaena o ka hae i ka mea e pili ana i 0.25 micrometer. I uhi ʻia ke kaʻina hana me kahi membrane plasma; ua hana ʻia me nā microtubes. Ua neʻe lākou i kēlā me kēia. Hoʻopilikia kēia i nā neʻe ākea o ka hae. Pili ia i 2 mau kino basal. Mālama lākou i kahi hae frisky i ka cytoplasm o nā kahe.
2. Peephole. A ma kahi ʻia he stigma. He mau optic fibers a me kahi lens-like form. Ma muli o lākou, ua hopu ka pīpī i ka mālamalama. Hōʻike kona mau lens me ka hae. Loaʻa i kahi kolohe, hoʻomaka ia e neʻe. ʻOi aku ka ʻulaʻula ma muli o nā hina o ka lipid - momona. Hāʻawi ʻia ia e nā carotenoids, kūikawā, hematochrome. Kapa ʻia nā Carotenoids i nā māka kūloko o nā mea ʻona-ʻulaʻula. Hoʻopuni ʻia ka peephole e kahi membrane e like me ke ʻano o ka chloroplasts.
3. Nā Chromatophores. Pēlā i kapa ʻia nā ʻōmala pigm a me nā mea kanu. Ma nā huaʻōlelo hou, ke kamaʻilio nei mākou e pili ana i ka chlorophyll a me nā chloroplasts i loaʻa ai. Ma ke komoʻana i ka photosynthesis, hana lākou i ka mea laʻa. Hoʻomaopopo, hiki i ka mea hope ke uhi i nā chromatophores. A laila ʻo Euglena ma ke ʻano he keʻokeʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo.
4. Ilele. ʻĀina nona nā palapula pāpale. Kūkulu lākou i kahi kiʻi uhi uhi uhi maʻalahi loa. Ma ke ala, he paila Latin.
5. Vacuole hana aelike. Aia ma lalo o ka kumu o ka hae. I ka ʻōlelo Latin, "vacuole" ʻo ia ka "hollow". E like me kahi ʻōnaehana muscular, aelike aku, kaomi ʻana i ka wai nui ma loko o ka pūnaehana. Ma muli o kēia, mālama ka leo mau o Euglena.

Me ke kōkua o ka vakole i hoʻohiki ʻia, ʻaʻole wale ka mea e hoʻokuke wale ana i nā huahana metabolic, akā mahalo pū kekahi. Ma nā ʻōnaehana hoʻohālike Euglena Green a me Amoeba. ^ E Ha yM. ʻO ka kumu nui o ka pūpū ka palena. Hoʻihoʻi ia i ka hope o ka lālani o ke kino o ke algae, i hoʻokuʻu ʻia i nā kaula chromatin.ʻO ka pahuhopu ka kumu o ka hoʻokaʻawale, kahi e hoʻonui Euglena Green. Kākau hōʻike ʻia ka protozoa ma kēia ala o ka hānau hou ʻana.

ʻO ka hoʻopiha wai ʻana i ka pū o Euglena ka puna. ʻO ka kumu o ka hyaloplasm. Loaʻa ia mau protein, polysaccharides a me nā kinikina nucleic. Aia i waena o lākou e waiho ʻia nā mea like ʻole. Pā ka wai hoʻohālikelike i nā wai. ʻO kēia kūleʻa ka cytoplasm.

ʻO ka ʻike o ka hoʻoneʻe ʻana o ka cytoplasm he ʻano ʻokoʻa a ʻaʻole hoʻi o ka hoʻonohonoho. ʻAʻohe ʻōniʻoniʻo ka ʻike ʻana o ke kelepona. Hāʻawi ka Coloring Euglene i ka chlorophyll wale nō. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻo kāna hōʻiliʻili, ka nucleus a me ka membrane o ka cytoplasm i palena.

Nā hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona

ʻO Euglena ʻōmaʻomaʻo ka mea maʻalahi maʻalahi o ka unicellular organism e loaʻa ana kahi ala paʻakikī no ka mea maʻalahi. He elongated kona kino me ka tua o kahi koi. Hiki i ka lōʻihi o ka euglena ka lōʻihi o 60 micrometer, a me ka laulā o nā 18 micrometers. ʻO ka papa:

• mea kumu
• ʻili
• cytoplasm
• Peephole photosensitive
• konopaa vacuole,
• aila
• photoreceptor
• Nā Kolopila
• organelles ʻē aʻe.

ʻO ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo ko euglena ʻōmaʻomaʻo. ʻO Euglena kahi lālā unicellular ʻōmaʻomaʻo me kahi papa paʻakikī

Mālama ka māmeke (pellicle) i nā pūpū mai nā ʻano ʻē aʻe. ʻO ka cytoplasm ka pohō, akā ka palakū, kahi e hiki ai i ke kino ke hoʻololi i ke ʻano, hoʻonui a pākana inā pono.

Mahalo i ka maka photosensitive, i ke aniani ʻulaʻula nui, ua kū mai ka euglena i nā loli liʻiliʻi i nā hoʻomālamalama. ʻAe kēia iā ia e holo i kahi liʻiliʻi - ke neʻe nei ʻo ia i ke kuhikuhi o ka mālamalama.

No ka neʻe, e hoʻohana ke kino i kahi flagellum (protoplasmic outgrowth) e waiho ana ma ke alo o ka puna. Hana ka Flagellum i nā neʻe helical, a me ka wikiwiki o ka euglena iʻoi aku ka wikiwiki o nā mau protozoa ʻē aʻe, kahi e hāʻawi ai i kahi maikaʻi. Eia kekahi, hiki i ka euglena ke neʻe me ka ʻole o ke komo ʻana i ka tourniquet, ka ʻaelike wale ʻana.

Hoʻolā i nā euglena, ka hopu ʻana i ka oxygen i loko o ke kino ma o ka membrane, ʻO ka carbon-by-product e puka mai i waho o lākou. ^ E Ha yM. ʻO ka hōʻailona maʻamau me nā mea kanu ka hiki o ke kloropileta, kahi e hoʻoholo ai i ka hiki o ke photosynthesis. Eia kekahi, ma muli o ka chlorophyll, ke alualu ʻulaʻula kahi o ke kino.

ʻO Habitat a me ke ʻano

ʻO ka pinepine loa ka lilo ʻana i nā wai wai maʻemaʻe ka euglena - nā ʻōpala, nā waʻa, a pēlā aku naʻe hiki i kēia mau protozoa ke noho i ka wai maʻemaʻe, akā he ʻano ʻoluʻolu ke ʻano o lākou. Inā hoʻomaka ka wai "pua", ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻaloli, a laila he hōʻailona kēia o ke ʻano o kēia mau ʻano i ka wai.

ʻOi no ka meaʻai, e pili ana ka euglena i ka mixotrophs, ʻo ia hoʻi, hiki iā ia ke hoʻohana i ʻelua ʻano o ka ikaika e hana i ka ikehu. Ma lalo o nā kūlana maʻamau, e hoʻonaninani nā mea maʻalahi e like me nā mea kanu, ʻo ia hoʻi, e hānai ana i ka ʻaina autotrophic - loaʻa iā ia ka ikaika mai ka mālamalama me ke kōkua o kloropilopa. I ka manawa like, ʻaʻole kūlike ka euglena, neʻe wale nō i ka kumu kukui.

Noho ʻo Euglena māla i ka wai haumia e like me ke ʻano

Inā noho mau ka unicellular i loko o ka pouli me ka manawa lōʻihi, e hoʻololi ia i kahi ʻano heterotrophic o ka meaʻai - e hoʻokahe ana ia i nā mea kūlohelohe mai ka wai. I kēia hihia, i mea e ʻimi ai i nā ʻāpana ʻimi, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka euglena. Hoʻololi ʻia nā loli kūʻokoʻa me ke cell - hemo i kona waiho ʻōmaʻomaʻo a lilo i ka ʻono.

ʻOiai ʻo ka photosynthesis ke ala nui e hiki ai i ke ikehu no ka hapanui o Euglene, aia kekahi mau manawa e makemake i ka ʻai ʻana i ka meaʻai kūlohelohe mai ka hānau ʻana. Pono e noʻonoʻo he unuli maoli kahi wahaʻai ʻole no ia meaʻai. ʻOiai ka ʻai ʻana o ka meaʻai e ka microorganism, ʻaʻole kēia waha wale nō, akā ʻo ka membrane holoʻokoʻa.

Eʻoniʻoni nei kā Euglena i nā meaʻala, loaʻa ka waha no kēia

Ma muli o kēia ʻano hānai kai, ʻaʻole nui ka manaʻo o nā poʻe loea e pili ana inā he eʻllena he alga a holoholona paha. Ua wehewehe ka ʻepekema ʻepekema ana kēia ʻano hana pūnaehana ʻelua e hōʻoia i ka ulu ʻana o nā mea kanu a me nā holoholona.

Paʻu ʻia i loko o ka waiʻeleʻele ma ka wai maʻemaʻe, ʻaʻohe o nā mea kūlohelohe, make ka cell. Ke kue nei ka wai a hoʻokaʻawale ʻole ia. I kēia wā hana, ʻaʻole ia e ʻai a hanu. Pau ka flagellum a ʻike ʻia ka lulu pale ākea. I kēia kūlana, e mau ana a hiki i nā kūlana i lilo hou i ʻae ʻia no ke ola.

ʻO ke ala o ka pālahalaha ʻana i ke ʻōloheloʻo euglena mahele. Ma lalo o nā kūlana kūpono, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale loa ka protozoa. I kēia hihia, hiki iā ʻoe ke nānā i ke ʻano o ka nui o ka wai a lawe i ke kikoʻōmaʻomaʻo.

Ka ʻokoʻa ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana ma kahi ala lōʻihi. Mua mua, ke kaawale ana o ka nucleus o na cell makuahine, a laila ke koena i koe. Holo ka lōʻihi o ka pūhaka mana ma ke kino, kahi i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ai ke ʻokoʻa a ka makuahine i nā ʻāpana kaikamahine ʻelua.

Euglena i ka oakumak

ʻOiai ʻo euglena pono maoli kahi mea leʻaleʻa, kahi helu o ka protozoa e lilo i poʻe kipa i makemake ʻole ʻia i ka loko aku. Laha loa nā loko o nā kūleʻa hou i ke ʻano o kēia mau mea hanana unicellular, kahi kahi o ka poʻe noho e kū nei i ke ʻano o nā kūlana hou, ʻoiai ke ʻano wikiwiki loa ka protozoa.

ʻO nā kumu ʻē aʻe no ke ʻano o ka euglena i loko o ka aquarium i hiki ke:

• hoʻohuihui lā paha i nā kukui kūlohelohe nui paha.
• hoʻonui ka wai wela
• i helu nui o nā mea kanu
• i loli pinepine ai a loli paha paha ka wai.
• i ke koena o ka iʻa i loko o ka mea iʻu,
• ka hoʻolauna ʻana i nā kolala hui.

No kēia hoʻokuʻu i nā mea maʻalahi i loko o ka pōkole, ʻoi ʻia ke hoʻonā i nā kaola aku no nā wiki 2 a hōʻemi i ka nui o ka hānai a hoʻokomo i kahi pākiki o ka hale aku. Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole e lawe mai ka euglena i ka pōʻino i ka ʻenekona, ʻo nā wale wale nō ka palu o ka ʻano o nā kaola a me ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o ka mālamalama e komo ana i nā mea kanu a me ka iʻa ma muli o ka nalowale o ke kaohiʻana e ka wai.

ʻO nā hōʻailona o ka euglena ʻōmaʻomaʻo

ʻO ke kino o ko mākou heroine he ʻano fusiform me ka pūpū paʻakikī. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kino o ka euglena ma waena o 0.5 mm. ʻ blpihi ka mua o ke kino i ke ʻano a he maka ʻulaʻula kona. Pane kēia peephole a ʻae i ka mea nona ka ʻona e loaʻa nā wahi "ʻai" i ke ahiahi, ma nā huaʻōlelo ʻē, "alakaʻi ʻo ia i ka euglena i ka kukui", i loko o nā wahi āpau o kēia mau microorganism e hōʻuluʻulu i nā wahi ākea. Ma ke ala, he nui ka nui o ka euglena i loko o kahi kaila wai hoʻoneʻe i ka ʻulaʻula ʻana o ka wai, ʻulaʻula. Kēia hopena kūʻokoʻa mai ka hui ʻo Euglen i nānā ʻia a hoʻākāka ʻia i kāna mau hana e ka mea maoli naturalist o antiquity Aristotle i nā makahiki 4 SM. e.

Aia kahi puʻupuʻu ma ka mua o ke kino o kahi meaola unicellular. Eia kekahi, i nā mea hou o ka mea hānau keiki, hiki paha ke aniani ke kuʻi, no ka mea ua hoʻokaʻawale ka cell i ʻelua a paʻa wale nā ​​hae i kahi o nā ʻāpana. Ma ka lua o ka euglena, e ulu ulu ia i ka wā.

ʻO ke kua hope o ke kino ʻōmaʻomaʻo o ka euglena, ma ke ʻano, ua kuhikuhi ʻia; hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia kona helehelena, a laila ʻo ka wikiwiki.

ʻO ka mea mahalo, no ke kāula euglena, ke ʻano ka metabolism, ʻo ia hoʻi, ka hiki ke hoʻololi i ke ʻano o ke kino. ʻOiai ka mea, ʻoiai he rula, he fusiform ka eugleans, ma nā ʻano like ʻole ke lawe i nā ʻano like ʻole:

• e like me ke kea
• piha
• ʻolua
• pīpī

Akā no ka mea o ke kino o ka euglena, e ʻike ʻole ʻia kona kino ʻōloko inā e ola ana ka lāle. A he ʻike ʻole ʻo ia no ke kumu o ka nui o kona mau neʻe e wikiwiki nei a hiki ʻole i ka maka kanaka ke hopu iā ia.

Euglena ʻōmaʻomaʻo

I ka hōʻuluʻulu ʻana i nā mea āpau o luna, hiki iā mākou ke manaʻo i ka euglena ʻōmaʻomaʻi he holoholona, ​​he mea kanu paha, e pili ana i:

• ʻO Flagellum, ka heleʻana e pili ana i kā mākou heroine i ka papa o ka flagella. ʻO ke anawaena o ka hae o ka flagellum ma ka awelika 0.25 micrometer, hiki ke ʻike ʻia ma o ka mikroscope ikaika wale nō. ʻO ke kaʻina hana i uhi ʻia me ka membrane plasma e loaʻa ana i nā microtubule e neʻe kokoke i kēlā me kēia. Ke neʻe nei ko lākou neʻe i ka neʻe o ka laulā o ka hae.
• ʻO ka maka, i kapa ʻia hoʻi he stigma. ʻO ka maka nā optic fibers a me nā lens-like formations. Mahalo i ka hopena, koho ʻo ia i ka mālamalama e ʻike ʻia ana nā lens i ka hae. Ke loaʻa nei kahi mea kolohe mai kāna, ka hae, e hoʻomaka ana e neʻe i loko o ka mālamalama. ʻO ka ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula o ka maka o ka euglena ma muli o nā kolo waiho ʻona o ka lipid - ka momona. ʻO ka maka iho i hoʻopuni ʻia e ka membrane.
• ʻO nā chromatophore nā loina pigment kūikawā a me nā mea kanu i kuleana no kona kala; i ka euglena he mālamalama ʻulaʻula ʻia.
• ʻO Peplikuli, ma kā Latin, ʻo kēia huaʻōlelo ka "ʻili." ʻO nā peplicles Euglena, ka mea i hoʻolaʻa ʻia o nā palapula a me nā membrane o nā unuhi kūhelu manuahi.
• ʻO ke kiko o ka kontrakile, kahi i waiho ʻia ma lalo iho o ka kumu o ka hae. ʻO kēia vacuole i kēia wā ke ʻano he ʻano analogue o ka ʻā o ka ʻiʻo. Ma ke ʻano o ka euglena, nona ke kuleana no ka hoʻoneʻe ʻana i ka wai nui kahe mai loko aʻe o ke kaena, ma muli o ia euglena e mālama mau ai i kona ʻano maʻamau.

ʻO kēia ke ʻano o ke ʻano o ka pua euglena i ke kiʻi.

ʻO kekahi mau huaʻōlelo hou e pili ana i ka vacuole o ka pena, ua kōkua nō hoʻi i ka hanu ʻana o ka euglena ʻōmaʻomaʻo.

ʻO Habitat euglens ʻōmaʻomaʻo

Noho ʻo Euglena i loko o nā wai hou, a ʻoi aku ka makemake i nā wahi i hoʻopōmaikaʻi ʻia ka wai. I loko o nā hale noho me ka wai maʻemaʻe, he ʻolua a ʻike ʻole paha ka euglena. Ma kēia e pili ana, ʻo euglena ka like me nā mea hana “unilellular” ʻē aʻe: ʻo ka amoebas a me nā ciliates, makemake nui i ka wai maʻemaʻe.

ʻO ka pale ʻana o ka euglena i ka anuanu, ʻo ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka wai hou, hiki iā lākou ke noho ma nā kūlana ʻino a me ka hau.

Pono ia e hoʻomaopopo he hiki ke weliweli ka euglena ʻōmaʻomaʻo, no ka mea e noho mau ana i kekahi manawa i loko o ka wai putrid, e lawelawe ʻia ana i kekahi manawa i ka mea lawe mai nā trypanos a me Leishmania. ʻO ka mea hope loa ke kumu kumu o nā maʻi ʻili. Hiki i nā Trypanosome ke hoʻopilikia i ka maʻi hiamoe o ʻAmelika, e pili ana i ka nū a me nā ʻōnaehana lymphatic, e alakaʻi ana i ke kuni.

Inā komo ka euglena i ka wai aku ka wai, a laila e pua nā wai, no laila, ʻaʻole me ke kumu o ka loiloi e manaʻo nei ʻo euglena i kahi ʻano ʻalaʻaka a hoʻāʻo hoʻi e hōʻalo. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hue i ka euglena ʻōmaʻomaʻo me ke kōkua o nā kinikini kūikawā (me ka poina ʻole e kāwili i ka iʻa i kekahi wahi i kēia manawa). A, ʻoiaʻiʻo, mai poina e pili ana i ka hoʻoneʻe maʻamau o ka wai a me ka kānana, a laila e hoʻomoʻi hou ka wai i loko o ka hale aku me ka maʻemaʻe a ʻaʻole e hoʻomaka ka poʻe o ka eugle.

ʻO Organoids Euglena Green

ʻO Organoids a i ʻole organelles he mau kūlana a ʻokoʻa paha i kēlā me kēia cell, ʻelua holoholona a me nā mea kanu. ʻO nā mea kiko ʻōloe puaʻa euglena, ua kākau ʻia lākou i luna ma ka ʻāpana i ke kumu o ka euglena. ʻO kēlā me kēia mau organelles a i ʻole organelles kahi mea koʻikoʻi o kahi unicellular organism, me ka mea ʻole hiki ke ʻai, neʻe, hoʻoulu a kū kekahi.

ʻO Organoids Euglena Green

Ua kapa ʻia ʻo Organoids i nā ʻōnaehana mau a koʻikoʻi. Aia nā mea like ma nā pū o nā holoholona a me nā mea kanu. Aia kekahi huaʻōlelo ʻē aʻe - organelles.

ʻO Organoids Euglena Green, mea, i kauia ma ka pauku "Struktur". ʻO kēlā me kēia organelle he huakaʻi koʻikoʻi koʻikoʻi, me ka ʻole e hiki ʻole iā ia ke:

• hoʻonui
• huni o nā ʻano mea like
• synthesize kekahi mea
• hoʻoneʻe a hoʻohuli i ka ikehu
• hoʻokaʻa a mālama i nā huahana genetic

ʻO nā organelles ka hiʻohiʻona o nā mea nui eukaryotic. Loaʻa kēlā mau kumu a me kahi membrane waho waho i hoʻonani ʻia. Ua kūpono ʻo Euglena Green i ka wehewehe. E hōʻuluʻulu i nā, nā organoids eukaryotic e pili ana: ka papa inoa o ka endoplasmic, ka nucleus, membrane, centrioles, mitochondria, ribosom, lysosomes, a me ka apparatus Golgi. E like me kāu e ʻike ai, ua palena wale ʻia ke ʻano o nā organoids Euglena. Hōʻike kēia i ka primitiveness o unicellular.

Euglena pua kūpaʻa

Makemake ʻoe i ka mea heluhelu e ola mau? He nīnau paʻakikī kēia, a makaʻu paha ʻoe, akā ma ka biology aia kekahi hiʻohiʻona o ka "ola pau ʻole", a ʻo ia, ʻo kā mākou heroine o kēia lā, ʻo Euglena, kēia ʻano hiʻohiʻona. ʻO ke ola ʻana o Euglena Green me ka pau ʻole! A no ke ʻano o ka hana o kāna hana, ka mea i lawe ʻia ma ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻona. No laila ka euglena āu e ʻike ai i kēia lā i loko o kekahi loko o nā loko kīlea a iʻu ai paha i hana ʻia ma ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana mai i kekahi euglena e noho nei i ka wā dinosaur, a i ʻole ma mua.

Akā ʻo ka manawa e mau ʻole ai ka euglena, ma kahi ʻē aʻe, ua pōkole loa, a he mau lā wale nō ia. E hoʻomaka ana ʻo Euglena e kaʻana like, a laila e puana hou, a pēlā aku.

ʻO ka mahele o ka euglena ponoʻī, aia i kekahi mau ʻina, hoʻomaka mua me ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o ka nucleus cell. ʻElua mauolioli hou e kūlohelohe i nā ʻaoʻao ʻaoʻao o ka pūnao, ma hope o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke kelepona i ka hoʻokaʻawale i ka ʻaoʻao longitudinal. ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻana.

No laila ke nānā nei ka māhele o ka euglena.

Hoʻopili ka membrane ka mahele i kēlā me kēia hapalua o ke kō. No laila, mai hoʻokahi euglena ʻelua loaʻa. Ma kahi ʻoluʻolu maikaʻi, hiki i kēia mau mea ola ke hoʻopuka pololei i ka holomua arithmetic.

Euglena ʻike ʻike

He maʻalahi ke ʻano o ke ʻano o ka euglena ʻōmaʻomaʻo, ua like ia me ka hoʻolālā o nā mea ola a pau o nā kumulāʻau. I loko o nā pūnaola ʻo E. viridis i hana hoʻokahi i hoʻohālikelike ʻia e ka membrane nuklea. ʻO ka cytoplasm ka nui o nā chromatophores - nā organoid kūikawā i loaʻa i ka piglorll pigment e pono ai no ka photosynthesis a hāʻawi i ka hiki o kēia kaʻina. Wahi a ke kaila ultramisroskopika, ua like nā chromatophores me ka chloroplast i nā puna o nā mea kanu kiʻekiʻe. Euglena ʻōmaʻomaʻo i hiki ke pona photosynthesis i mua o ka mālamalama. I ka pōʻeleʻele, neʻe aku nā ʻelele o nā ʻano ʻano i ka ʻano heterotrophic (saprophytic) i ke ʻano o ka mea kanu (like me nā holoholona holoholona). Eia kekahi, i ka nele o ka mālamalama, hiki i ka E. viridis ke lilo i kona kala ʻōmaʻomaʻo. ʻO ka mea i kapa ʻia ka "maka | maka" (stigma) ʻae i ka ʻohu maʻalahi. Hoʻohana ka Green i ka paramyl, kahi kālai-like-kālai ʻia i hoʻokele ʻia i loko o ka cytoplasm, i mea e mālama ai | mālama i ke kō o ka euglena. Hoʻoponopono ʻia nā mana osmotic pressure a me kahi hoʻokaʻawale o nā huahana mehameha me ka vacuole contractile. ʻAi ʻia ʻo E. viridis e hoʻomaikaʻi i kahi ʻuʻī o kahi digestive, ʻoi aku ka nui o kēia ma lalo nei.

ʻO Flagellum, kona ʻano a me nā hana

He organoid koʻikoʻi o ka pūlela, me kona kōkua i neʻe ai | neʻe a hoʻoulu i luna o ka euglena ʻōmaʻomaʻo. He maʻalahi loa ke ʻano o ka flagellum, he ʻāpana i hoʻonui ʻia mai ke kelena a kū aʻe i waho ka mea e hana pono i nā hana o ke neʻe a lawe i ka ʻai ʻOi aku ka paʻakikī o ka helehelenaʻenehana. Hāʻawi ka moʻo i ka hōʻike i ka hoʻokō ʻana o ka hana lokomotor. ʻO E. viridis e like me ka mea i ʻili ʻia i loko o ke kaiapuni | me ke kōkua o ia, ʻo ia hoʻi, e neʻe ana | ʻO ka wikiwiki o ka neʻe (ʻo kēlā me ke kani ʻana o ka flagellum) ma lalo o nā kūlana maikaʻi loa. Eia nō hoʻi, me ke kōkua o ka organoid euglena i ka nīnau ʻana, e lawe i nā ʻōlohelohe i ka hopu ʻana o ka ʻai | ʻai. E hoʻoneʻe ka neʻe o ka hae i kahi pōkoki liʻiliʻi, ma muli o kēia mau hua liʻiliʻi e lawe ʻia ana i kona waihona. Kūkulu ʻia kahi vacuole hana ma laila, kahi i hoʻohui ʻia ai nā huina o ke koena o ke kelepona.

ʻO ka hoʻopili nui o ka euglena ʻōmaʻomaʻo

Hoʻohui pinepineʻiaʻo Euglena green e ka mahele o ka cell mitotic i ka hapalua. Ma kēia hihia, hiki i ka hae kuʻuna ke hala i kekahi o nā mea hou i hana hou ʻia | hoʻokahi, a me kekahi ʻē aʻe e hana hou mai i ka kinetosome.I nā mea ʻē aʻe, hiki ke hoʻokuʻu ʻia ka hae ma mua o ka hoʻohele ʻia i ka wā ākea a hana hou ʻia i loko o nā kaikamahine ʻelua ʻoi aku |

Euglena ʻōmaʻomaʻo

• 1. ʻO ke hoʻonohonoho o ka'ōmaʻomaʻo euglena
• 2. ka neʻe ʻana o nā euglens ʻōmaʻomaʻo
• 3. Pehea ka ʻōlio ʻōleʻa ʻōmaʻomaʻo

ʻO Euglena green kahi mea hana unicellular e pili ana me ka flagella kanu. ʻO Euglena kahi ʻano kino elongated | kino, a i kuhikuhi ke kua.

ʻO kona nui ʻokoʻa ma waena o 50-60 micrometer, a ʻo ka laulā he 14-18 micrometer. Ke neʻe nei ke kino | neʻe, inā pono, hoʻoheʻe ʻia ʻo euglena a i ʻole e māhuahua.

Euglena ʻōmaʻomaʻo

Aia ma luna o ka euglena ʻōmaʻomaʻo i uhi ʻia me kahi ʻāpana malō o ke cytoplasm, kapa ʻia kēia ʻano elastic i kahi pellicle, kā hana ʻia kahi pale pale. Ma ke alo o ke kino | hoʻokahi ke kani, aia ke ʻano o ka euglena, neʻe aku nei, e neʻe i mua. Kahi nā kumu o ka turniquet, he wahi maka.

Euglena ʻōmaʻomaʻo (Euglena viridis).

Ua kapa ia ʻo Euglena ʻōmaʻomaʻo ma muli o ke kala | ke kala o kona kino | ke kino - hāʻawi nā chromatophores i ke sela ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo. ʻO ka hua nā chromatophores i kū like, ua hoʻonohonoho ʻia lākou i euglena i ke ʻano o ka hōkū | hōkū, a lawe ʻia akula ʻo photosynthesis i loko o lākou. I ke kukui, puka aʻe nā ʻano kākei, ke ʻano like lākou me nā ʻōpala. I kekahi manawa | ʻōkuhi ʻia nā nui o nā powa e hana ai i ka chromatophores, a laila keʻokeʻo ka kino o ka euglena. I ka pōʻeleʻele, ʻaʻole i loaʻa ka photosynthesis. Hoʻomaka ka ʻili i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā lako o nā kalapona kalapona, a ma ke ʻano e huli ʻoliʻoli ai.

Kūkulu ʻia ka kala o ka holoholona ma muli o ka malu o ka chromatophore.

Noho kēia mau mea ola i nā wai i haumia ʻia me kahi kiʻekiʻe | kiʻekiʻe o nā mea kanu meaola. I ka pili ʻana me kēia mau euglens, ʻelua mau mea momona: ua hānai lākou i ka mea kanu a me nā meaʻai holoholona. ʻO ia, ma kahiʻaoʻao, hiki i ka euglena uliuli ke pili i nā mea kanu, a ma kekahi ʻaoʻao, i nā holoholona. He ʻano hui like ʻole o kēia pūnaewele, a laila he nui ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa ʻana i waena o nā kānaka ʻepekema hou. Manaʻo ka poʻe Botanists he lāʻau o euglena, a pili nā zoologists iā ia i ka subtype o nā hae.

ʻO kekahi mau ʻelele o ka euglenae, kahi ʻohana pili loa o ka euglena ʻōmaʻomaʻo, ma ka maʻamau hiki ʻole ke komo i ka photosynthesis, ke ʻano holoʻokoʻa o kā lākou wahi ʻai. Pākuʻi ʻia kēlā mau ʻano ʻano, no ka laʻana, astasia. Kēia mau luna o ka hoʻokele det Eʻllena formile hana i koi ʻia no ka hoʻopili ʻana o nā pōpoki liʻiliʻi.

ʻO ka neʻe o ka euglena ʻōmaʻomaʻo. ʻO Euglena ka holoholona me ka flagella.

ʻAʻole ka hele wale aku nā mea āpau | neʻe me ka flagella. Ua neʻe kekahi mau ʻano, ka ʻae ʻana i ke kino a hana i ka neʻe e like me ka neʻe e like me ka nalu. Pehea ke maopopo ʻana i ke ʻano o ke ʻano o kēia ʻano | ʻano hana. Ma lalo o ka euglena shell e waiho aihilūna i loko o ka ami. Hoʻopili ʻia kēia mau paʻi. Ua manaʻoʻiʻo ia ua hoʻopili ʻia nā organelles e hoʻolako nei i nā pona me ka ikehu a me nā kaula kirimile. Akā hiki i ka hana kontrakile hiki ke hoʻopili me ka māla i hūnā ʻia ma o ke kanalele excretory.

Pehea e hoʻonui pinepine ai nā eugleans i nā Euglens ma lalo o nā kūlana kūpono.

Ma lalo o nā kūlana kūpono, ʻōlohelohe ikaika eug e. I kēia hihia, i kekahi lā, lilo ka wai aniani i loko o ka wai i pōā, aʻalilima a ʻulaʻula paha. Inā ʻoe e noʻonoʻo i ka hāʻule o kēlā wai | ka wai ma lalo o kahi mikrosopopona, laila laila holo ka nui o ka euglena i loko.

ʻO nā hoahānau pili pili loa o ka pua euglena he euglena snow a me ka euglena koko. Ke ulu nei kēia mau ʻano euglen i nā mea kupaianaha, e kū nei nā mea kupanaha, no ka laʻana, ʻo Aristotle i ka makahiki 4 e nānā ana i ka hoʻokumu ʻana o ka "koko" hau | ka hau. Ua ʻike pū ʻo Darwin i kekahi ʻano like me kona hele ʻana ma luna o kahi moku Beagle.

ʻO ke kālaoa ʻo Euglena i ka nui.

I nā Urals, ʻo Caucasus a me Kamchatka, he hau kekahi i nā manawa "pua" i kekahi manawa. ʻIke ʻia ka ʻano like me kekahi mau mokupuni ʻo Arctic. E wehewehe maʻalahi ʻia kēia - ʻo kekahi mau ʻano o ka flagella ke hiki ke ola, ka nānā, i nā kūlana i noho ʻole ʻia - i ka hau a me ka hoʻoilo. I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o kēia mau mea e hoʻomohala i ka nui, loaʻa ka hoʻoilo i ka hue kahi ʻano o ka cytoplasm o kēia mau loko. Hiki i ka ʻōhala ke "pua" i ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo, uliuli, melemele a ʻeleʻele hoʻi, akā ʻoi aku ka pinepine o kahi ʻōmaʻomaʻo i ka ʻulaʻula, ʻo ia ka hua o ke koko a me ka hau euglena.

Nā wikiō pili: Ke ʻano o ke kaila euglena

Euglena ʻōmaʻomaʻo

Euglena ʻōmaʻomaʻo e pili ana i nā mea maʻalahi loa, nā mea āpau. ʻO nā poʻomanaʻo i ka papa o ka flagella ʻano sarcozhgutikonosos. Ua mahele ʻia nā manaʻo o nā ʻepekema nona kēia aupuni. Ua manaʻoʻiʻo kekahi he holoholona kēia, aʻo kekahi e hoʻohanohano euglena i ke algae, ʻo ia hoʻi, nā mea kanu.

No ke aha euglena ʻōmaʻomaʻo i kapa? ia he n? He mea maʻalahi nā mea āpau: Ua loaʻa ʻo Euglena i kona inoa no kāna helehelena hāmeʻa. E like me kāu e kuhihewa nei, he ʻōleʻoniʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo nō kēia mea ola ma muli o ka chlorophyll.

Nā hiʻohiʻona, ʻano a me nā noho maʻamau

Euglena ʻōmaʻomaʻo, kūkulu ʻia ʻAʻohe maʻalahi ia no ka microorganism, he kino elongated a me kahi hapala posterior hapalua. He liʻiliʻi ka nui o nā mea maʻalahi: ma ka lōʻihi, ʻo ka maʻalahi hoʻi ʻaʻole iʻoi aku ma mua o 60 micrometer, a ʻo ka laulā ākea hiki ʻole i ka hōʻailona o 18 a keu mau micrometer.

ʻO ka mea maʻalahi he neʻe ka neʻe | kino kino, hiki iā ia ke hoʻololi i kona ʻano. Inā pono, hiki a kuhi paha ka microorganism a, i ʻole, e pālahalaha.

Ma luna, ua uhi ʻia ka maʻalahi me ka pellicle i kapa ʻia, ʻo ia ka mea e pale ai i ke kino mai nā ʻano o waho. Ma ke alo o ka microorganism he tourniquet e kōkua iā ia e neʻe | e neʻe, me kahi papa kuʻi lā.

ʻAʻole nā ​​mea āpau | All Euglens hoʻohana i ka tourniquet e neʻe. Manaʻo ka hapa nui o lākou e neʻe i mua. ʻO nā kānana protote e waiho ana ma lalo o ka kinona o ke kino e kōkua i ka hoʻopili ʻana i ke kino a laila e hoʻoneʻe | e holo.

ʻO nā Chromatophores e lawe i ka photosynthesis, hana i ka hoʻoliʻi momona, hāʻawi i ke ʻōmaʻomaʻo o ke kino. I kekahi manawa i ka chromatophores e hana i ka nui o nā huamina, e keokeo ka kino o ka euglena.

Ciliates kāmaʻa a me ka euglena ʻōmaʻomaʻo ka hoʻohālikelike pinepine ʻia i loko o nā moʻolelo o ka ʻepekema, eia naʻe, hapa liʻiliʻi | mau hiʻohiʻona maʻamau | nā hiʻohiʻona. No ka laʻana, euglena ʻai ʻoi a me ka heterotrophically, aʻo ka kāmaʻa ciliates e koho wale aku i nā ʻano mea kanu o ka pono.

ʻO nā ola maʻalahi loa ka hapanui o nā wai i hoʻohaumia (no ka laʻana, nā mākona). I kekahi manawa hiki ke loaʻa ma nā kahawai wai maʻalahi me nā wai hou a i ʻole ka wai paʻakai. Euglena ʻōmaʻomaʻo, ciliates, amoeba - hiki ke ʻike ʻia kēia mau microorganism āpau ma nā wahi āpau ma ka Honua.

ʻO ke ʻano a me ke ola o ka euglena ʻōmaʻomaʻo

Hoʻomau mau ʻo Euglena e neʻe i nā wahi ākea | nā wahi o ke kaʻi. I mea e hoʻoholo ai i ke kumu o ke kukui, paʻa ʻo ia i kāna waihona i kahi "peephole | peephole" kūikawā kokoke i ka pharynx. Peephole | Peephole - i ʻike maoli i ka mālamalama a ʻae i nā loli liʻiliʻi.

ʻO ke kaʻina o ka hakakā no ka māmā ua kapa ʻia nā phototaxis maikaʻi. No ka hoʻokō ʻana i ke kaʻina o ke osmoregulation, he euplena kūikawā i hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā kontrota.

Mahalo i kahi vacuole i hoʻohiki ai, ke hoʻopau nei i nā mea pono ʻole āpau ma kona kino, ʻoiai inā he wai ka mea nui a hōʻiliʻili paha i nā mea olino. Kapa ʻia ke kīhaka kuʻi ʻo ia no ka mea ma ka hoʻōla ʻia i ka wā o ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i ka pau ʻole, kōkua a hoʻoikaika i ke kaʻina hana.

E like me ka hapa nui o nā microorganisms, ʻo euglena i hoʻokahi nucleus haploid, i.e., hoʻokahi wale nō pūʻulu o nā chromosome. Hoʻopili i nā chloroplasts, loaʻa i ka cytoplasm ka nui o ka paramyl - ka huna protein | protein.

Ma ka manawa o ka organelles i papa inoa ʻia, aia ka protozoa a paʻa kahi a me ka hoʻopili pū ʻana i nā mea kanu inā pono nā protozoa e ʻole kahi meaʻai no kekahi manawa. ʻO ka hanu ʻoluʻolu loa, ka hoʻowalewale i ka oxygen holoʻokoʻa o kona kino | kino.

Hiki i ka mea maʻalahi ke hoʻopili i nā mea kūlohelohe ʻole, ʻoi loa nā kūlana kūlohelohe. Inā hoʻomaka ka wai i loko o ka wai kō, e hoʻomaloʻo wale i ka noho ʻana, ua pau ka ʻai ʻana i ka ʻai a me ka neʻe, ʻōpiopio euglena loaʻa ka ʻike maka hou aku, a uhi ʻia ke kino i kahi ʻāpana kūikawā i pale aku ai iā ia mai nā hopena ʻino o ke kaiapuni | ʻoiai, ʻo ka hae o ka mea maʻalahi loa i hāʻule |

Aia ma kahi kūlana o "cyst" (ʻo ia ka inoa o kēia manawa i protozoa), hiki i ka euglena ke lōʻihi loa a hiki i kahi kūlana o waho e hoʻomau a lilo i ke aloha.

ʻAiʻa ʻōmaʻomaʻo Euglena

ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona o ka Euglena Green hana i ke kino ʻelua a me ka heterotrophic. ʻAi ʻo ia i nā mea a pau āu e pono ai, no laila haawe ʻōoʻomaʻo ka algae a me nā holoholona.

ʻAʻole i kū ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa ma waena o nā botanist a me nā zoologists. ʻO ka manaʻo mua he holoholona ia a hoʻokaʻawale iā ia he subtype o sarcozhgutokonosotsev, aia ka poʻe huaʻāina ʻo ia ka mea kanu.

I ka mālamalama, loaʻa ka microorganism i nā mea kanu ma o chromatoforms, i.e. Hōʻailona iā lākou aʻo ke ʻano e like me kahi mea kanu. ʻO ka ʻoluʻolu me ke kōkua o ka maka | ke nānā mau nei ka maka i kahi ʻōlamalama o ke kukui. Ua hoʻohālikelike ʻia nā kukui māmā me ke kōkua o ke kiʻi photosynthesis i loko o ka meaʻai | meaʻai no ia. ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, he kīnā liʻiliʻi nā euglena, no ka laʻana, ka paramilon a me ka leukosin.

Me ka nele o nā kukui ʻana, ʻo ka mea maʻalahi kaomi ʻana e huli i kahi ala ʻē o ka hānai. ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, ua makemake ke ʻano hana mua no ka microorganism. ʻO ka protozoa, ka lōʻihi i ka wā maka i ka pōʻeleʻele ma muli o ko lākou nalowai i ka chlorophyll, ke huli nei i kahi kumu o ka nui o nā pono kai.

Ma muli o ka nalowale ʻole o ka chlorophyll, nalowale i ka microorganism kona ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻulaʻula a huli i ka keʻokeʻo. Me kahi ʻano heterotrophic o ka meaʻai, ka mea maʻalahi ka hoʻoponopono ʻia o ka meaʻai | meaʻai e hoʻohana ana i nā hakahaka.

ʻO ka dirtier ka loko, ka nui o ka ʻai | ka meaʻai, aia no kēia ʻoi ke makemake nui nā Euglens i nā palu a me nā pulupulu. Euglena ʻōmaʻomaʻo, nā mea kanu no ka mea e hoʻomanaʻo piha i nā mea kanu o ka amoebas, ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o nā microorganism maʻalahi.

Aia nā euglenaes, ka mea, ma ke ʻano kūlike, ʻaʻole i hōʻike ʻia e ka photosynthesis a mai ko lākou hoʻomaka ʻana e ʻai i nā meaʻai kūlohelohe wale.

ʻO kēia ala kiʻi e loaʻa ai ka meaʻai Ua wehewehe nā ʻepekema ʻepekema i ke ala ʻelua o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka meaʻai | nā meaʻai a pau | nā like me nā mea kanu a pau i nā holoholona nā mea like ʻole.

ʻO ka pilina a me ka lōʻihi

ʻO ka hoʻopili nui o ka euglena ʻōmaʻomaʻo holo wale nō i nā kūlana kūpono loa. I loko o kahi manawa pōkole, hiki i ka wai maʻemaʻe o kahi wai lahilahi ke lilo i ʻōuli polū uliuli | kala ma muli o ka neʻe ikaika ʻana o kēia mau mea maʻalahi.

ʻO nā hoahānau pili maʻalahi o kēia maʻalahi ka he hau lewa a me ke koko ʻaʻa. Ke hana hou kēia mau microorganisms, hiki ke nānā ʻia nā ʻano kupaianaha.

No laila, i ka kenekulia IV, ua haʻi ʻo Aristotle i ka hau "kupaianaha" kupanaha, akā naʻe, ka mea i kū mai ma muli o ka mahele ikaika o kēia mau microorganism. Hiki ke nānā aku i ka hau kihe ma nā wahi ʻākau o Rūsia, ma ka hoʻohālike, i nā Urals, Kamchatka, a i ʻole nā ​​mokupuni o ka ʻAliki.

ʻO Euglena he mea hana hoʻomā a hiki i ke ola a hiki i ke kūlana kūlohelohe o ka hau a me ka hau | Ke nui nei kēia mau microorganism, loaʻa ka hau i ke kala o kā lākou cytoplasm. ʻAno maoli ka "popo" me nā ʻulaʻula a me nā ʻeleʻele hoʻi.

Hoʻolaha wale nā ​​mea maʻalahi e ka mahele. Ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka ʻāpana makuahine i ka lōʻihi. ʻO ka mea mua, e kahakaha ana ka lula i ke kaʻina o ka hoʻokaʻawale, a laila hana i ke koena o ka mea. ʻO kahi ʻano o nā pua kohu ma ke kino | ke kino o ka microorganism, e hoʻokaʻawale i ke kino o ka makuahine i ʻelua mau kaikamahine.

Ma lalo o nā kūlana pōʻino, ma mua o ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana, hiki i kahi ke nānā i ke kaʻina o ke kūkulu cyst. I kēia hihia ke'ōmaʻomaʻo a me ke euglena ʻōloe pela no hoi kekahi.

E like me ka amoebas, ua uhi ʻia lākou me kahi pāloi kūikawā a hāʻule i loko o kahi ʻano ʻehā. I ke ala no nā cysts, e lawe pū ʻia kēia mau mea me ka lepo a i ko lākou ala hou ʻana: e hoʻi i loko o ke kumuwaiwai | lele ʻia ke kaiapuni a hoʻomaka hou e hoʻoikaika hou.