ʻO ke kino o kēia mea ʻawaʻawa, pālahalaha, ʻulaʻula a i ʻole ka melemele-hina, me ka hiʻohiʻona kekehi. ʻO ke kino o ka bug, a me nā ʻāpana home hoʻi, he uhi chitinous. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka bugū he 10 - 12 mm, ka laulā he 6 - 7 mm. Kokoke ke kino o ke kino o ka bug i uhi ʻia i ka scutellum nui, a hiki i ka hope o ka ʻōpū. Hōʻike kūlike loa ka hiʻohiʻona o ka bug a kū pili i ka inoa o ka "bug".
Loaʻa ka paʻa ʻana i ka bug i nā lula pili i nā ʻano o nā pōpoki. Ua hoʻololi ʻia lākou i loko o kahi hāmeʻa hana hoʻomalu ʻana, ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo proboscis. Hoʻopili ʻia kēia hoʻololi i ke ala o ka hānai ʻana i nā pōpoki. ʻO ka ʻoki ʻana i ka ʻili o ka hua palaoa, ʻaʻole hoʻi e haki ka puhaka.
ʻUla huluhua
ʻO nā huluhulu kīleʻa pākeke i lalo o nā lau i hāʻule ai i nā ulu lāʻau, nā ʻulā, nā māla, nā mea kanu lāʻau, a me nā mea hoʻi. I ka pūnāwai, i ka wā ua nui a maloʻo ka lau hāʻule i nā ʻōpala ua ala mai nā kūlū a holo i waho o ka ʻōpū o ka lint. I ʻApelila - Mei e neʻe lākou i ka mahina. Nui ka hapanui o nā pōpoki ma aneʻi inā kīkī berena. Hoʻokuʻu ka ʻaka i ka lawena i loko o ka pā o ka mea hana kūikawā, hoʻopau i kona mau mea. Ma hope o kēlā, hoʻopiʻi ʻo ia i nā mea ʻona mai ka hua, ua lilo ia i mea māmā, a ʻo ka mea nui - ua nalo kona mau ʻena manu, me ka ʻuʻuku. ʻO ka palaoa mai kēlā mau huapalapala ka mea i ʻawaʻawa ʻole, ka maikaʻi maikaʻi ʻole. Hoʻopilikia ʻia e ka pōpoki, maʻi nui nā hua kanu. ʻO kā lākou lau waena e huli i ka melemele a maloʻo.
ʻO ka hana a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā pōpoki
Ke hōʻike nei i loko o nā māla, nā wahine wahine - hoʻomaka nā ʻōmaka e waiho i ka hua ma ka ʻaoʻao o nā lau o nā mea kanu me nā hepa o 10 a 20 mau huaʻa. I ke kau ʻana o hoʻokahi mahina, e kau ka wahine i nā hua he nui - mai nā kenekulia a 200 mau ʻāpana.
ʻEwalu a he ʻumi lā ma hope, ua puka mai nā huaʻi mai nā hua, like ʻole me nā ʻōpiopio makua, liʻiliʻi wale nō me ka ʻēheu. Ma hope o ʻekolu a ʻelima mau lā, kōkī ʻia ke kōkō ma luna o nā mea kanu a hoʻomaka e hānai.
Ma hope o ʻelima mau molts, e huli ka ʻili i nā puhaka makua. I ke kiko palval, 35 ka 40 mau makahiki o ka honu. ʻAʻole i hala nā kumu pupae pupae.
Nā hiʻohiʻona moe a me kekahi mau mea inikua ʻē aʻe e ka hoʻomohala ʻana me ka loli piha. Me kēia hoʻolālā, ua like like ke pili me nā pepeke makua, a hala ʻole ka papa haumana.
Ma ke ʻōpala anuʻu, noho mau nā pahuhua i ke kula a hiki i ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana. Ma hope koke o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana, neʻe lākou i nā wahi hoʻoilo a i ka hoʻoilo, ke hāʻule ana nā lau mai nā lāʻau, huna lākou ma lalo o lākou a hiki i ka pūnāwai.
ʻO ka luku ʻana i nā pōpoki
ʻO nā Rooks a me nā manu ʻē aʻe, nā mea kanu, nā ʻalā a me nā spider i hoʻopau i nā pōpoki. Akā, ʻo ka ʻenemi nui o nā wahi moe he mea pepeke liʻiliʻi, ʻo ka ovule-telenomus. Hāʻawi ka telenomus i kāna hua ma loko o nā hua honu, a me ka hoʻopau ʻana i ka moʻo. Hoʻokumu kā lākou hulina, e hānai ana i nā manaʻo o ka pōpoki piʻi. Kūpono nā wahine telenomus a 100 mau hua.
I kēia mau makahiki i hala iho nei, i mea e hoʻopau ai i ka pōpoki, ua hoʻohua ʻia nā hua ʻai i ko mākou ʻāina me nā ala kūikawā a me nā hoʻomākaukau - puehu o nā chlorophos, metaphos a me nā mea inu ʻapo.
Ma hope o ka luku ʻia ʻana o nā pōpoki 20 mau lā ma mua o ke hōʻiliʻili ʻana, ua pau ka hana.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o ka ʻohana
Hoʻohui pū ʻia nā ʻāpana āpau āpau ʻē aʻe e nā huaʻōlelo. Ke alakaʻi nei lākou i ka ʻāina a i ʻole ka wai ola. Loaʻa iā lākou kahi hāmeʻa waha kūikawā me kahi mākau kuhi. ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona o ka ʻili waha i loko o nā mea hihiu o kēia ʻohana, e ʻae iā lākou e kāwili i ka ʻili o kahi kanaka, holoholona a i ʻole ka mea kanu a e huki i nā mea hoʻonaʻauao mai nā puna.
ʻO nā ʻano āpau āpau i loaʻa nā pihi semi-rigid a i lalo o nā ʻēheu membranous. ʻO ka hapa nui o ka elytra o luna ke kahi o ka chitinous cut, kahi ʻāpana ʻāpana o kāna apical. ʻIke ʻia nā membran pūnaewele me ka maka ʻike ʻole. ʻO kekahi mau ʻano moeʻeha i nalowale i nā ʻēheu no ka pono ʻole, ma ka ʻāpana a i ʻole ka mahele.
ʻO ka pale moe i ka pale ʻole i ka hiki ke lele. Paʻa kēiaʻaola i ke koko o ke kanaka. Makaʻu ʻo ia i ke ao, a ʻike ʻia nā ʻāpana o kēia ʻano ma kahi o kāna meaʻai kuʻuna, ma nā wahi e hiamoe ai ka poʻe. Noho ʻo ia i loko o nā māla, hiki ke noho i nā ʻano o nā hale o nā lako a ʻoluʻolu loa.
I mea e pale aku ai i nā ʻenemi, he mau hiona nā peʻa o kēia ʻohana e hāʻawi mau i ko lākou alo. Kūkū nui ʻia nā māla ʻulāʻau no ke mau ʻōhule ʻalani.
Nā ʻano like ʻehā a me nā ʻāpana like ʻole. He liʻiliʻi nā mea liʻiliʻi me ke kino ʻaʻole eʻoi aku ma mua o 1 mm, aia kekahi mau kanaka me ka lōʻihi o 10 cm.
Hoʻohana a maikaʻi maikaʻi nāʻino
ʻO nā mea hoʻohana kālai ʻia nā ʻano kīhāpai o nā pahalā. ʻOi loa lākou, a kuhi kekahi poʻe iā lākou no nā pōpoki. ʻO kēia ʻano o nā pepeke ua hoʻopau i nā iniseti e ʻai i ka mea kanu i ka ʻāina māla.
Hiki i nā inikini mai genus Podisus ke hoʻoikaika ikaika i nā kolo ʻo Colorado. Kuhi maoli ʻia lākou i nā ʻoihana loea a hoʻokuʻu ʻia i nā moena uala. Ma laila lākou i hoʻouka ai i nā kumulāʻau o ka ʻōpala pena, a me nā mea ʻino ʻē aʻe, a me kā lākou huaka, a luku iā lākou.
ʻO kahi pūʻali koa i hoʻohana i nā hua o nā pepeke liʻiliʻi, ʻaʻole hoʻowahāwahā i nā holoholona make, lawe mai i nā pōmaikaʻi nui ma ka pūnaewele. Nui ka poʻe e hoʻāʻo e hoʻopau iā lākou ma ka naʻaupō, akā kuhi hewa maikaʻi loa kēia i ke kaiapuni.
Mau pinepine nā ʻōpala puaʻa i mālama i nā pōpoki i loko. Hiki iā lākou ke luku i ka hua o nā iniseti like ʻole, ʻīkī, nā huaʻaupō, nā aphids a me nā kīʻaha.
Mālama nā mea kanu i nā mea ʻino e hiki ai ke hōʻino i ka ʻāina mahiai. Noho pinepine lākou i lalo i nā papa, ma ka papa, e loaʻa ai ka meaʻai i loko o ka ʻōpala, kahi i waiho ai nā huahe nui o nā pepeke.
Kōkua nā māla lāʻau i kekahi e mālama i kahi hua kanu, a no laila, ʻaʻohe pono e noʻonoʻo pono i ka ʻona me ka mākaukau ʻona.
ʻO nā mea ʻona pōʻino e hiki ke kapa ʻia nā honu (kiʻi ma ka hema). Hoʻopili lākou i nā lālā o nā kumulāʻau a inu i ka wai o lākou. Nā lālā ʻōpio ma hope o ka hoʻouka ʻana o kēia mau mea make. Hiki i nā ʻano like ʻole o kēia mau mea hihiu ke hoʻopōʻino nui i nā mea kanu. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ka poʻe pākeke i nā mea kanu maikaʻi, a ua hānai nā hua pālima ma nā huʻu spike.
ʻO ka hui o nā ʻōpī cruciferous no nā peste e ʻai ana i nā hua o ka kāpeti a me nā mea kanu ʻē aʻe mai kēia hui. ʻO kēia mau kīhāpai e waiho i kahi kala mahana na e hoʻonāukiuki i nā manu. ʻIke lākou mai ko lākou ʻike pono hiki i nā iniseti o kēia ʻano ke hana i kahi wai me kahi mea ʻono maikaʻi ʻole.
Nā pāpaka moe
ʻO nā lāʻau lapaʻauila e kapa ʻia i kekahi manawa he ʻohana a ʻili paha. He mau manu liʻiliʻi kēia me ka lōʻihi o ke kino ʻoi aku ma mua o 5 mm ka lōʻihi. He pēpē manu lele ʻole lākou, i uhi ʻia me ka ʻili o ka chitin. Ma hope o ke inu ʻana i ke koko, hoʻololi lākou i ke ʻano o ke kino, a lilo i ka ʻāina. ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka lolo.
He mau manu ʻai manu ia. Ua hele mai lākou i ua hau maloʻo o Rukia ma loko o nā pahu o ka poʻe mākaʻikaʻi a me nā pahu me nā huʻu a me nā huaʻai i loko o nā paʻa o nā moku i hiki mai nā ʻāina mokulele. No laila, makaʻu lākou i ka hau, a hoʻonohonoho i kahi e mahana ai. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻopau ʻokoʻa i nā pepekinamu wai - inā e hoʻokuʻu maikaʻi ʻoe i kou noho home ponoʻi, e waiho ana ʻole ia no ka nui o nā lā. Hiki ke lawe i nā mea anuo kahi i hoʻopiʻi ʻia ai nā iniseti weliweli i ke koko e hoʻopau iā lākou
Ke alakaʻi nei nā lāʻau kalapu i kahi ʻano pilikino huna, a ʻo ko lākou mau wale wale nō o ke kino e hiki ke hōʻike i ko lākou noho ʻana.
Noho ka pākeke i kahi makahiki hoʻokahi. I ka hala ʻole o nā nohona noho nanea, hiki iā lākou ke hāʻule i loko o kahi kūlana e hoʻohemo ai i ka animale a me nā ʻike pilikia. ʻO ka hemahema o ka meaola e hoʻoulu ai i kēia mau mea inika i kahi lōʻihi lōʻihi. Ua wehewehe kēia i ka komo koke ʻana o nā mea hoʻohana koko i loko o kahi keʻena maʻemaʻe.
Ke kū pono nei nā kūlana kūpono no ke ola, hana ʻia a hoʻihoʻi i ka hana koʻikoʻi. Hoʻomaka ka Parasite e hoʻihoʻi wikiwiki a hoʻonui i ka lehulehu. Hiki i ka wahine wahine i kona wā e hiki ke waiho i nā hua 500, kahi kiʻekiʻe i ke kū'ē i nā mea hoʻomāinoino o waho. Hoʻokomo ʻia nā manu ʻai i kā lākou masonry i nā wahi ākea loa. ʻO ka holo ʻana o ka paʻi piha o ka hua ma waena o 60 mau lā. ʻO kahi mahina ma hope o ka haʻalele ʻana i ka hua, e huli ke kanaka i kekahi kanaka a hoʻomaka ʻo ia e pua, ʻai ikaika. Pono e mālama i kēia kūlana i ka hakakā ʻana me kēia mau parasit a i ka manawa e hoʻokō ai i ka hoʻōla hou o ka lumi.
ʻO keʻano
ʻOiai nā ʻanoʻokoʻa like ʻole, ua like nā lulu me nā hiʻohiʻona:
- helu o nā manamana lima: ma nā pākeke, ʻekolu mau wāwae o nā manamana, hiki ke ʻano o nā ʻano ʻokoʻa like, ʻano ʻē no ke ola ma ka honua a i ka wai paha.
- mea hana waha ma ke ʻano o kahi proboscis a bristles: hānai ka luna i ka meaʻai wai, hoʻopaʻi ʻo ia i ka membrane a lanakila ka manaʻo, i kahe koko a i ʻole ka mea kanu wai,
- nā kuli e hana ai i nā mea ʻala maikaʻi i hoʻolālā ʻia e hoʻoweliweli i nā ʻenemi,
- He ʻēheu ka hapanui o nā ʻano. He ʻano ʻēheu kekahi: ʻo ka hapalua o nā ʻēheu ka ʻili, ua ʻaoʻao nā ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, aia nō hoʻi nā mākaʻi o ka ʻohana he elytra a i ʻole nā leʻaleʻa i nā ʻēheu like ʻole pono ʻole.
Loaʻa nā poli moe i nā ʻāpana like ʻole - mai ke aniani mai a hiki i 15 cm. ʻO ka lālā nui o ka ʻohana he pāheʻe wai, e ulu ana a 15 cm ke lōʻihi.anake ka ʻano, akā ʻano ka hapa nui o kēlā Loaʻa ʻia nā ʻāpana poepoe a i ʻole nā lāʻau lāʻau. ʻAʻole nā maka āpau. Akā kūkulu maikaʻi ʻia nā kino o nā paʻi i nā ʻano āpau.
Loaʻa nā polu moe i nā kala ʻokoʻa. ʻO nā kala ʻokoʻa o ka poʻe i ʻoi aku ke hoʻopili. He pale ia a me kahi ala o ka hoʻoweliweli. ʻO kekahi lāʻau hoʻōla hou o ka pungent, ʻano maikaʻi ʻole e hōʻemi ʻia e ka cymicinic acid. Nā wāwae e hoʻonoho i nā mea huna mai nā kūloko. ʻAʻole like kēia ʻano me nā holoholona a me nā manu e hiki ai ke ʻai i nā moe.
Nā ʻano ʻōloli ʻana
I loko o ka wahi, ka mau pahuhopu a he terrestrial a iʻa aku paha, i loko a i ʻole ke alanui.
Ma ke ʻano o nā meaʻaiʻai, ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia kēia mau ʻano o nā puaʻa:
- Herbivores (phytophages) - ʻai i nā wai puna, kahi i lawe ʻia mai nā hua, nā hua a me nā lau o nā mea kanu like ʻole.
- ʻO nā mea make - nā mea pio ma ka lolo, nā pepeke a me nā invertebrates.
- Ectoparasites (hematophagous) - hānai i ke koko o nā kānaka a me nā holoholona mahana.
ʻO ka nui nui o nā ʻano ʻehā o ka lālani. Aia kekahi mau pepeke me kahi ʻanoʻano like ʻole. Aia pinepine nā hihia o ka cannibalism, ʻo ia hoʻi, ke ʻai nei i ko lākou poʻe hoahānau.
Wahi a ka pilikia a me ka hoʻopilikia ʻia, ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā ʻelele o ke ʻano ma ke ʻano, maikaʻi ʻole a me nā pōpilikia. ʻO ka pilikino, ʻaʻole lākou e hōʻino i ke kanaka.
Hoʻohana i nā pōpoki
Hiki i ke ʻano o nā ʻōmū maikaʻi loa. No ka laʻana, ʻoi aku ka pōpoki manuahi ʻulu, ʻo ia hoʻi ka mea i kapa ʻia ke koa, ʻai nui i nā koena o nā invertebrates a hāʻule paha lau lau, e kōkua ana i kā lākou pauku. ʻO kahi pōpoki o nā polikika zicron e hoʻopau i ka larvae a me nā hua o nā pīpī lau. Mahalo i kāna mau hana, ua hoʻemi ʻia ka nui o ka pigetine o ka ʻanuʻu ʻo Colorado. ʻO ka luku pū ʻia ʻana o ka pīpī ʻūlū Colorado, e komo pū me kona imago, he pā pōpilikia. Nui nā ʻano pua puaʻa i ʻai i nā aphids, nā ʻōpī, nā hua a me nā hua manu o nā pepeke maikaʻi, ʻoi aku hoʻi lākou i pale maoli ʻia e pale i nā pua a me nā pua i ulu ʻia ma ka ʻāina paʻa.
ʻO nā pōpilikia
Mea ʻike maikaʻi ʻia e ka poʻe mahiʻai a me nā māla mālama mai nā papa kīhāpai:
- Cruciferous a me rapeseed - luku i ke kanu ʻana o ka kāpeti, rapeseed, turnip a me ka lobish.
- ʻO ka ʻeke Berry, a i ʻole ka pale melemele ʻōmaʻomaʻo - ʻai i ka wai ʻōpala, nā gooseberries a me nā hua ʻē aʻe e pili i ka cereals. Loaʻa i nā hua ʻai i kēia popona i kahi mea ʻono maikaʻi ʻole, hiki ʻole ke ʻai iā lākou.
- ʻO kahi ʻoi hū, kahi pōpō paʻakikī e ʻike i nā mea kanu ma muli o kona ʻano a me ke ʻano i ka pūpū, pili i nā cereals. Hoʻokomo ʻia nā ʻōpala i nā hua, mai nā hua ʻōmaʻomaʻo e kū pololei ana i ka wā o ka ʻūhū ʻana o ka hua. Hoʻopilikia a ʻōpiopio a me nā pākeke i nā hua, ka mea kūpono ʻole no ka hana ʻana.
Nā ʻōmole wai
Nui nā mau ʻano he Hemoptera i koho i wai me ko lākou noho. ʻO nā ʻano puna nui loa o nā pulu wai:
- Nā wai kala wai - ʻoi kēia ʻohana ma mua o 200 mau ʻano o nā ʻōpala. ʻO kā lākou lōʻihi ka 4,5 cm, he brown lākou, me nā forelimbs, kahi i hoʻohuli ʻia i mau ʻāpana. Noho lākou i ka wai pāpaku, ʻaʻohe maopopo iā ʻoe e ʻauʻau. Hoʻokaʻa lākou ma o ke kaʻina caudal, kahi i ʻike ʻia ma luna o ka wai. Keʻimi nei lākou i nā ʻōpala a me nā crustaceans.
- Nā pākuhi wai - ka ʻohana nui loa, kahi i loaʻa ma mua o 700 mau ʻano. He lōlū lōʻihi ko lākou e kahe ana i ka wai. ʻAi lākou i ka inika i hāʻule i ka wai. Hoʻonui lākou i nā lau hāʻule i waho o nā kino wai.
- ʻO Smoothies - noho i loko o ka wai, akā ʻike pū ka lele ʻana. ʻAi lākou i ka mea ulaula a me nā iʻa liʻiliʻi, hiki ke hoʻopu i ka holoholona a i ʻole nā kānaka, akā, ʻaʻole weliweli ka honu.
- ʻO Plavt maʻamau - e ʻai i nā mea make, nā lōpeke, nā mollusks a me ka kō.
- ʻO Giant Bialystoma - ua loaʻa i ka inoa kona inoa no kona nui, a hiki i nā pākeke ke lōʻihi ka lōʻihi o 10 cm. Hiki iā lākou ke hoʻouka wale i nā iniseti wale nō, akā ʻo nā iʻa a me nā honu hoʻi. ʻAʻole ʻike ʻia ko mākou ʻāina.
![](http://img.thinkfirsttahoe.org/img/imag-2020/3721/vidi-klopov-79E6461.jpg)
Nā kele nui
Noho nā poli moe i nā kūlana like ʻole. Noho lākou i ka ʻāina, mauʻu, ma nā lāʻau a me nā lāʻau. Hiki iā lākou ke noho ma nā wahi ākea, i nā ululāʻau a me nā māla, i nā wao a me nā ʻeke, a i nā tundra. Nui nā poʻe no ko lākou ola e koho i nā hale a i ʻole nā hana hoʻomehana ʻē aʻe, no ka laʻana, kahi pākī, hale.
I waena o nā ʻano terrestrial, ʻo ka mea maʻamau ka mea pale i nā pale pale. Loaʻa i ko lākou inoa no ke ʻano o ko lākou helehelena, me he mea lā me he pale i ko lākou mau kua. Ua kapa ʻia lākou he mau ʻāpana lāʻau, ʻoiai lākou e ola nei ʻaʻole wale ma nā lāʻau. Shchitnikov - ʻoi aku ma mua o 4 tausani mau kino, ʻo ka hapa nui o lākou he mea ʻoi mahiʻai.
He pale ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula mai ka paleahi, ua ʻōniʻoniʻo a ʻōniʻoniʻo, e ʻai i nā inflorescences o kāloti, pāholo a me ka kumo.
Pale Berry - ʻulaʻula-i ke kala, ʻai ʻai i nā hua waina, nā lau a me nā hua o nā hua a me nā hua ʻai.
ʻO ka pale turtle - ma lalo o kēia inoa ua ʻike ʻia ma mua o nā ʻano he 50 o nā ʻolua. E luku i nā cereals.
Mālama ka ʻōpala ma nā ʻano o nā mea kanu like ʻole. He waiwai nui lākou, ʻaʻole kokoke nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa lākou i nā hale.
Nā hale lāʻau
He mau pōpilikia ka pōpilikia koko i nā kānaka. Nā ectoparasites i kūlohelohe - he mau ʻenehana mau ʻano. He liʻiliʻi lākou a pau, ʻeleʻele. Ke hoʻokaʻawale nei me ke koko, e hoʻonui pinepine ʻia i nā manawa. ʻAʻohe o lākou ʻēheu, akā he mau wāwae holo wāwae. ʻO nā ʻōlepa home kuʻu ʻia i ke kino ʻōmaʻomaʻo, he melemele a he melemele paha ke kala. ʻAʻole nā maka, hoʻokūkū maikaʻi i ka pā a me ka ʻono. ʻO nā nui Larva mai 1 a 4 mm, a ʻo nā pākeke a hiki i 6 mm.
E hūnā i nā mea ʻino i loko o nā lako, i loko o nā papa a me nā mea hana. Hiki iā lākou ke neʻe mai ka hale noho a i nā hale noho kokoke. Hōʻike ʻia ka hana i ka pō.
ʻOiai ke kapa ʻia kēlā mau bugs moe, ʻaʻole lākou e noho wale i ka hale o kahi kanaka a hānai ʻaʻole wale i ke koko kanaka. ʻIke ʻia nā ʻano haʻaheʻe e noho i nā ana i kahi e noho ai nā pā. Aia nō hoʻi i kapa ʻia nā ʻōmei pahū. Hoʻopili lākou i nā manu, akā hiki ke hele i kēlā me kēia kanaka.
Noho ka ʻōpiopio ma nā wahi a pau, i nā ʻāina āpau. ʻAʻole pili lākou i ko lākou neʻe ʻana i ka kūlana pilikino, pae a ma ke ʻano paha.
Nui nā ʻano moe moe i mea maʻamau ʻole, ʻaʻole ia e noho ma ko mākou ʻāina:
- ke kuni ʻāʻī - ʻo kāna mākaʻikaʻi e kumu i ka maʻi pālohelohe,
- triatom bug - ma hope o kahi kiki, hiki i ka pīhoihoi anaphylactic ke ulu, a lawe pū kekahi mau ʻōlia i ka maʻi Chagas me kahi hopena momona.
Ke noho nei kēia mau ʻanoʻaina ma nā ʻāina me ke anu wela a ʻaʻole lākou e hōʻike i kahi pōpilikia iā mākou, akā, e hoʻomanaʻo ʻoe e pili ana iā lākou inā huakaʻi.
Ma Lūkia, ʻekolu mau ʻano o nā mau pōkole home:
- ʻO Cimex lexctularius - ka maʻi maʻamau ka maʻi maʻamau a ka wai maʻamau me ka mea ʻono, hoʻoneʻe i ke koko o ke kanaka, a makemake hoʻi e hānai i nā keiki ma muli o ka pili o nā kīʻaha koko i ka ʻili, hiki i ka pōloli no hoʻokahi makahiki, ʻo ka neʻe ʻana mai ke ʻano o kahi ulu a ka pākeke e lawe ʻia mai 30 a 100 nā lā
- Cimex pipistrelli - piliʻole i nā ʻōpū,
- ʻO Oeciacus hirundinis ka like me ka pua manu i ʻōlelo ʻia i luna, nā maʻi parasit i nā manu, hiki ke hoʻouka i ka poʻe, a he mea lawe i nā maʻi.
Hoʻomama mai nā moena moe
Noho ka pōʻai home hānai ma luna o 12-14 mau mahina. Mālama ia i hoʻokahi pule i hoʻokahi pule. Hiki i ka nymph o ka pōpō ke huki i ka 0.5 ml o ke koko i ka manawa, a me kahi imago a hiki i 7 ml. ʻO nā meaʻeha o nā pōpoki moe a pau i hōʻeha a me kaʻulaʻula o ke kino, ʻohi. Eia kekahi, ʻike ʻole ke kanaka iā ia iho i ka manawa o ka kuʻalapa, ʻo ka mea ka maʻi o ke alapine i ka mea kanu ma ka ʻāʻī.
ʻO ka pilikia o kahi moena o ka moena, ua paʻakikī ka puka i waho. Noho lākou i loko o nā kolone nui i loko o ka hale a hale a hoʻonāukiuki paha i nā mea hoʻolimalima me nā pōkole mau. Ke alakaʻi nei kēia i kahi mauʻike noʻonoʻo psychological koʻikoʻi. I nā ʻōlelo olakino, ʻaʻohe ʻino nui mai nā hōʻiliʻili. Akā hiki iā lākou ke hana i nā hopena kūlohelohe. Hiki i nā bedbugs ke hoʻouna i nā maʻi inā neʻe lākou i waena o nā lumi. Hoʻopiliʻia, nā mea maʻalahi o nā haki mai ka palaleka, ʻo ka hoʻoulu ʻana iā lākou e hiki ke loaʻa i nā maʻi i nā ʻeha, kahi e alakaʻi ai i nā maʻi ʻili.
Kūpono nā ʻōleʻa home i nā loli i nā kūlana ola. ʻO ka ʻoluʻolu no lākou ka mahana o 25 - 30 tikelī. Me kahi piʻi nui (ʻoi aku ma mua o 45 mau degere) a i ʻole ka hōʻemi ʻana (manuahi) kā lākou. Akā i ka manawa like, ua pale aku kēia mau inikua i ke ala e kaua aku ai iā lākou. Pono ka kanaka e hana i nā pūhui hou no ka luku ʻana i nā pōpoki.
Nā pōpō pīpī
ʻO nā ʻano like ʻole o kēia mau mea puhi i hōʻino nui i ka mahiʻai. Hoʻokomo i nā poʻe pākeke a me kā lākou palaʻai i ka wai o nā mea kanu huaʻai. Ke ʻole o ka mālama ʻana i ka manawa kūpono, ua pau ka mea kanu a hoʻomaka ka maloʻo. I ka wā o ka hoʻouluʻana o nā kolone pōpoki, hiki iā ʻoe ke nalowale i kahi āpau holoʻokoʻa.
I waena o nā pōpoki maʻamau o ka mahiʻai ʻana e komo i kēia mau kānaka.
Hokele (Pyrrhocoridae)
I waena o nā mea mahiʻai āpau, ʻo kēia mau laka ua ʻike ʻia ka hapa nui hana ʻole. ^ E Ha yM. Hoʻololi ʻia ka iwi pepeke. I ka lōʻihi, ʻaʻole lākou eʻoi aku ma mua o 10 mm. ʻO kekahi hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona o nā moena i kahi hiʻohiʻona o nā kākele ʻeleʻele ma ka kua ʻulaʻula.
Mea ʻai koa i ka nui o nā pūʻulu wea weū. ^ E Ha yM. Akā me ke nānā ʻole ʻana i kekahi mau kūlana, ʻaʻole manaʻo lākou e ʻai i nā ʻōpala o nā pōpō, nā hua waina a me nā legumes.
ʻO ka noho ʻana o nā moena moe, ʻo ia ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau ma ka ʻaoʻao komohana. ʻAʻole lākou i noho i ka hemisphers kūkulu hema; ua wela loa ma laila. Hōʻalo nā lua ʻāina i nā pepeke me kahi wela liʻiliʻi.
Ke alakaʻi nei ka Parasite i kahi ola kino i ke ao. I ke ahiahi, hoʻomaka lākou e ʻohi i nā wahi māka no ka pō ʻelua. Kōkua ma nā wahi nā ʻōpala pau ʻole a ʻo nā mea ʻē aʻe e manaʻo ʻia no nā pepeke wahie maka.
Hāpai ʻia ka hua hipa huaʻai e nā koa o ka hope o nā mea kanu.
Pepelu pepeke (Eurydema oleracea)
Ua makemake kēia mau manu ʻaiʻu i ka wai o nā mea kanu cruciferous i mea ʻai. Loa hana ʻino no ka mea, he pono nā mea kanu palua ʻO nā mohele e ʻai ai i nā ʻōpio ʻōpio. Hoʻopilikia ke kanaka makua i nā hua o nā mea kanu ma mua o ka ʻoa ʻana.
ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona ʻokoʻa o nā moena he kīkī pōkole, kahi i laka ʻia i nā ʻaoʻao. Hiki i ke kino ke ʻano o nā waihoʻoluʻu ʻē aʻe, ʻeleʻele a me ka uliuli a ʻeleʻele a me ka'ōmaʻomaʻo. I ka lōʻihi, hiki i nā iniseti ke 7 mm. ʻEleʻele nā polani Antenna. Ma nā ʻaoʻao o ka kua o ke kaila metala he 2 mau kolo. Ma kāna kikowaena he pālahalaha ākea o ka uhi kukui. Elytra o nā iniseti i kālai ʻia me nā pua ʻalani a ʻulaʻula paha.
Kauia lakou nā hua hua pōpilikia hana 'ole ma nā wahi like ʻole. Hiki paha ka lepo, ʻōpio nā pua ʻO nā koena paha o nā mea kanu.
Hiki iā ʻoe ke hālāwai me nā pōkoki hoʻomāne ma luna o ʻEulopa, ma North Africa a me Kazakhstan. Eia nō naʻe, i nā ʻāina o ka ʻAlaki Akau a i ka ʻAla Hikina o Lūkia, ʻaʻole maʻamau ka nui o kēia mau manu.
Mālamalama ʻōmaʻomaʻo hau (Palomena prasina)
ʻO ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo, a i ʻole ia e kapa ʻia i ia mau mea he "woody" pepeke, ʻo ia ka pepeke weliweli loa i ke kauoha a Hemoptera. Hiki i kēia mau kui ke loaʻa ma loko o Lūkia. ʻO ke ola o nā palaʻai e pili ana i ka hopena o ka hopena i nā kūlana kime. Ke hoʻomanawanui lākou i ka wela a me ke anu.
He kino ʻāpana maikaʻi ka pūpū he lōʻihi a hiki ka 16 mm. ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona koʻikoʻi o kahi kanaka kahi pale pale chitin, e lilo ana i keʻakeʻa i nā mea maikaʻi ʻole o waho. Aia i ka manawa o ka makahiki, hoʻololi nā lūlū i ke kala o ke kino e mask. I ke kauwela, loaʻa i kahi kalaʻula ke kala, kahi e hui pū ai iā lākou me nā lau. I ka hiki ʻana mai o ka ʻāʻī, loli ke kino o nā iniseti i kahi kaila ʻulaʻula-ʻulaʻula.
ʻO ka hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona o nā pale pale e manaʻo ikaika ʻia momona momona. ^ E Ha yM. Hoʻokomo nā pepeke i kahi momona maikaʻi ʻole e pale aku i nā ʻenemi. ʻOiai he mea ʻaʻole hoʻoweliweli nā pale kaua i nā holoholona, ʻoluʻolu lākou e hānai i nā manu.
ʻO kaʻaiʻai o ka pale i nā māla mahiʻai. ʻAno ka mea ʻala maikaʻi i ka hua lāʻau a me nā hua. I kekahi mau manawa, ʻaʻole lākou noʻonoʻo i ka ʻai ʻalani.
Hoʻolaha Harmful (Eurygaster hoʻohui)
ʻO kēia ʻohana o nā pepeke ka ʻenemi nui loa o ka ʻāina mahiai. Ma waho o ka hoʻōla pono ʻana o nā mea kanu ʻai, nā mea pōʻino hiki ke hoʻopau i nā palaoa.
Loaʻa i nā pahu honu ko lākou inoa no kahi kala e like me nā ʻōlo ʻāina. He lahilahi a nui ka pākeke. ʻO ka nui o lākou hiki ke piʻi i 13 mm. Mālama ʻia ke kino o nā pū i pale ʻia i kahi ʻāpana kūwā ma kahi o nā wahi a me nā laina. Hoʻomaʻi maikaʻi ʻia nā papa o nā pōpoki. E hoʻololi i ka nohona, hiki i nā honu ʻino ke hele i kahi lōʻihi. ʻO kekahi mau manawa he 200 km ko lākou lele.
ʻO ke kumu ola o kēlā me kēia kanaka he 10-11 mahina. I ka manawa like, hoʻonui wikiwiki lākou. Hiki i nā honu pipi ke waiho i nā hua 15 i hoʻokahi manawa.
Hōʻea parasite (Cimex haʻawina)
Ma nā wahi kūlohelohe he nui aʻe 100 ʻano nā moena moe. Hoʻonohonoho ʻia lākou a puni ka honua. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole lākou hopohopo i nā kūlana kime paʻakikī. No laila, hiki ke loaʻa a kū i nā ʻāpana ʻākau. E like me ke kānāwai, noho nā pōkoki moe i nā hale kanaka. ʻOiai he pinepine ko lākou nohoʻana i nā ana, kahi i hoʻopuni ʻia e nā ʻūpiki.
ʻAʻohe ʻēheu a me kona kuʻuʻina o kēia ʻohana. ʻAʻohe o kā lākou kino me ke kino. Hoʻepili ʻia ke ʻano o nā lako moe. Aia ma ko lākou kino holoʻokoʻa i ka mahele hoʻokaʻawale. No laila, hilahila pinepine nā kīpoki moe me nā lice a me nā ʻōpio.
Paʻa ʻia nā pahua i loko o nā koko a me nā holoholona.
Hoʻomaopopo! Inā aia he koho ma waena o nā pākeke a me nā keiki, a laila e hāʻawi ka poʻe koko i ko lākou makemake i ke keiki.
ʻO ka pōʻino o nā iniseti parasituma ʻo kā lākou huu e hōʻeha nei i kahi hopena maʻi a me nā malaise laulā. I kēia hihia, ma hope o ka heʻe ʻana o nā iniseti, hoʻomohala ʻia nā kānaka i ka hōʻeha ʻana i ka ʻili o ka iwi.
He aha nā ʻano ʻehā
Nā helu āpau i ʻōpili ʻia i loko o nā hui nui 3:
- Hoʻohana. Kaʻu lima kūikawā e pale aku i ka hua o ke kīhāpai, nectariferous, nā mea kanu hua lāʻau a me nā kumulāʻau hua mai nā mea make Ke hana ʻole nei i nā kinikini a laila, kūloko, aphids a me nā phytophages a me nā pakano maikaʻi, hiki i nā mea momona maikaʻi ke kākoʻo i ka hana nui me ke kōkua o nā polī a me nā wai lāʻau. Akā naʻe, ʻaʻole lākou e hōʻeha i ka hua.
- Hoʻopilikia. ʻO kēia Mālama pū kekahi me nā pōpoki parasit a me nā pepeke herbivorous. Loaʻa ka mea mua i ka ʻami waha hū ʻōpū. ʻO ka hapanui e noho i nā moena, nā lole. Hoʻokomo ka ʻōpala herbivorous i kahi hoʻoweliweli i ka hua.
- Hoʻolaha. Hoʻopili kēia i nā mauʻa huluhulu, nā alder hens a me nā ʻōmole wai. ʻAʻole lākou e hōʻino i ka poʻe, nā holoholona, nā holoholona a me nā mea kanu. Ma nā hihia liʻiliʻi, hiki i ka pōloli ke hōʻili i kahi kanaka, akā ʻaʻole lākou e halihali i ka pilikia. ʻAʻole i ka lawaiʻa i nā pathogens a me nā allergens paha. Hoʻokomo ka pōpoki o nā pōpoki e hānai ana i ka wai lāʻau i nā mea kanu a me ka hōʻino o nā hua. ʻAʻole hiki iā lākou ke hana ma ka mahiʻai e pale i nā mea kanu mai nā pōpoki.
Kāpana kikipōpō
Eurydem he carapace paʻa, kahi kino oval flated a hiki i ka lōʻihi o lalo o 1 cm. Ua hoʻoweliweli lākou i ka manaʻo o nā mea kanu o ka ʻohana Cruciferous. Hoʻokomo ʻia nā wahine ma kahi o 300 mau huaʻai. Hiki i ka hoʻopauʻana i ka hua kāpeti i kekahi mau lā. Hoʻonui ka hana o nā iniseti me ka hoʻonui o ka ea wela.
Pule pale
Hoʻomalima ʻia ka chect Insect i kahi ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo, ʻōmaʻomaʻo o nā kala me nā lālani ka lōʻihi. ʻO ka inoa ʻelua, ʻo ka palani Italia. Pono ka lōʻihi o ke kino i 10-11 mm. Aia nā poʻo ʻeleʻele ma ke poʻo. No nā pepeke nā phytophages, no ka mea hānai lākou i nā lau o nā lāʻau a me nā kumulāʻau. Eʻai i nā hua pua nani o nā mea kanu.
Hoʻolohe ʻO nā lālani o ka lula e pale i ka inflorescences o dill, kāroti a me ka pāhiri.
Triatomina bug
Hoʻonohonoho ʻia nā lāʻau pili triatomic e noʻonoʻo nei ka nui loa nā pepona mai nā ʻano like ʻole. ʻO kēia mauʻu liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi e hōʻeha pinepine i kahi kanaka.
ʻAʻole i noho nā loea Triatomic ma Rū. Noho ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo killer ola ma ʻAmelika Hema. E like me nā wahi e koho ai, koho lākou i nā nū manu, nā lua a me nā lāʻau ma ke ʻano kūlohelohe. Eia nō naʻe, hiki ke loaʻa kekahi mau ʻano o nā pōpoki ma kahi kokoke i nā wahi noho.
ʻO nā parasit Triatomic he mau inikua nui me kahi kino ʻeleʻele. ʻO ka lōʻihi ka lōʻihi o nā pākeke he 2 cm. Ko lākou poʻo a me nā ʻēheu he cone-cone. ʻOi aku ka lōʻihi o nā proboscis o triatomic parasites ma mua o nā ʻōʻai home. Eia naʻe, kāpili lākou i ke koko liʻiliʻi.
ʻO ka pōʻino o ka hoʻokuʻi ʻana i kēia mau kānaka he mea lawe lākou i ka maʻi Chagas. Hiki ke mālama ʻia kēia maʻi ma ka hoʻomaka mua ʻana o ka maʻi.
ʻO kā Berry pili
ʻO nā mea ʻino nā polyphages. ʻOi aku lākou makemake e hānai i ka wai o nā huaʻai, nā pua a me nā lau o nā mea kanu a me nā mea kanu, nā lāʻau hua. Ma hope o kēia, maloʻo nā ʻōpala a me nā lau, hāʻule koke nā hua a hoʻopau koke. ʻO ka huiki ʻeke i loa ka 12 mm o ka lōʻihi, ua ʻomo ʻia ke kino i kahi kala ʻulaʻulaʻula. ʻO ka uhi o ka exoskeleton i uhi ʻia me nā lauoho chitinous. He mea maʻalahi ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻana e nā ʻano hāmeʻa i ka ʻōpū ma ka ʻeleʻele a me ke keʻokeʻo.
ʻŌpala polū
ʻO ka pepeke he pōʻino weliweli e hoʻopili ana i ka 300 mau mea kanu. Hoʻopili lākou i kahi ʻeke maikaʻi pungent e hoʻonāukiuki ana i nā manu a me nā rodents. ʻAno ke ʻano o ke kino hoʻohālikelike. Ma ka kua aia nā pona pala e pili ana i nā ʻano like ʻole o ka ikaika o ka neʻe, kahi e hana ʻia ai ka hopena o kahi ʻano kinomi. Me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hau, e piʻi ana nā hiʻu i nā lumi wela. I ka pūnāwai, hoʻonui nui lākou, e kau ana i nā hua 20-30 i ka manawa. Hāpai iā 3 mau hanauna he nui ʻia i kēlā me kēia makahiki.
Mea ʻatikala! Mai ka lā o Iulai 1, 2017, ua hoʻopili pū ka Eurasian Economic Union i nā ʻōpala marmer ma ka papa inoa o nā kiʻi kuʻuna.
ʻO kahi cimex adjunctus
Kūlike inoa - keʻokeʻo, paʻa kahe. ʻAi ia i ke koko o nā ʻalā, maʻa mau i ka noho ʻana o ka moena i nā kānaka. I ka hiʻohiʻona, ʻaʻole ia i ʻokoʻa mai ka haʻawina Cimex. ʻO ka lōʻihi loa o ke kino mai 3 a hiki i ka 8.5 mm, e hilinaʻi ana i ka nui o ka saturation o ke palaʻa me ke koko. ʻOi aku ka nui o nā wahine ma mua o nā kāne. ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona o ka ʻiole ʻo ka kiʻi ʻo ka hele ʻana o nā lauoho keʻokeʻo e kokoke ana i ke poʻo. ʻAʻole he mau ʻēheu mua a i ʻole nā ʻēheu hind.
Hemipterus Cimex
ʻO ka hile Cimex hemipterus pili i nā mea inu koko. ʻOi aku ka makemake o Parasite e noho kokoke i nā kānaka. ʻAi maoli ka poʻe ʻōpiopio i ka Cimex haʻawina, he mea like ia i ka helehelena. ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona hiʻona he mau ʻōpū a ʻoi loa nā limu i puni ʻia. Me ka hoʻomakaʻana o ka dusk, hoʻemi ka hana o nā parasites. He pale nui lākou i ka iniseti insecticides.
Nāhelehele ihe
ʻO nā pepeke ma ke ʻano like me nā moʻi moa. Ua'ōleʻa lākou i ke kala, hoʻoluʻu ʻia ke kino. Kūleʻa mai ke koko ʻona, hoʻololi i ke kala ke ʻeleʻele, burgundy. Ke alakaʻi nei lākou i kahi nohona nocturnal, i ke lā a lākou e hūnā i nā ʻāʻī paʻakikī. ʻO ka hikiʻana o nā puʻupuʻu i nā manu e hiki ke kanalua i ka ʻili o ka ʻili, ʻulaʻula. ʻO ka papahele o ka bedbug e hōʻehaʻeha i ka ʻeha a me ka ʻehaʻeha, no ka mea e hoʻomaka ai ka manu i ka wahi i hoʻopili ʻia, e hōʻeha ana i nā kui.
ʻO nā poli moe e noho ana i ka wai
Hoʻopili ʻia nā pōkā wai i ke ola i ka mānoanoa a ma luna o ka wai e noho ana nā kaila. E pili ana kēia:
ʻO kēia mau ʻanoʻano haka i loaʻa i nā lima elongated, e hoʻolōʻihi ana i ka hopena. Hana lākou i ka hana o ka lawaiʻa no ka neʻe wikiwiki ma ka kiʻi wai wai. ʻOi aku lākou makemake e ola ma o ka hoʻopili ʻana iā lākou iho i algae a me kahi lalo pālolo. ʻO nā ʻano āpau āpau wai. Mamuli o ka nui o ka imago, ko lakou mea ʻānai e lilo i ka pepeke, hua, ka caviar a me ka iʻa iʻa.
Nui! Pono nā ʻuʻuku i ka ea e hanu. Mālama lākou i nā ʻēheu i kūkulu ʻia e pono ai no nā huakaʻi pōkole loa i ka huli ʻana i kahi noho hou.
Wai wai wai
I ke kauwela mahana, ke noho nei lākou ma ka papa o nā kino kūlohelohe o ka wai. ʻO nā limbs i uhi ʻia me nā lauoho exoskeleton hydrophobic e kōkua i ka hana kuʻi ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka wai. Ua pōkole nā wāwae mua, hana e hopu a hopu aku. Kūpono nā pōkole wai makua i ka lōʻihi o 30 mm. ʻO nā maka māmā a me nā ʻae kaumaha ma nā ʻāpana nunui e hāʻawi i ka ʻike e pili ana i ka honua a puni lākou a hopu i nā pahuhopu liʻiliʻi i loko o ka kiʻi o ka wai. ʻAi lākou i nā invertebrates.
Kahuʻula
ʻO nā ʻōmaʻomaʻo wai nui i nā convex elytra. Kuhi ka leʻa o ka exoskeleton i lalo i ke kala o ka ʻū i lalo o ka noho ʻana o ko lākou wahi noho. ʻO ka hapa nui o ka manawa, hoʻopau ka makua i ka wai o ka wai, e hoʻomaha ana i ko lākou mau manamana ma hope o ke kiʻi wai. ʻAʻole e like me nā kahe wai, hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia ke kino o ka inisini i loko o ka koloka wai. Mahalo i kēia, hopu nā loko i nā pepeke liʻiliʻi a me nā iʻa. I ka hoʻoilo, piʻi ka popo wai i lalo o ka papa deciduous. Ke pau kaʻauwai, lele ka lele i kahi kahi hou. ʻAʻole hoʻohana nā koena o ka manawa i ka ʻē aʻe.
Bialystoma
ʻO kekahi inoa inoa he kīnā wai paʻa. He pā pihi pākū kahi me nā forelimbs thickened, e hana ana i kahi hana paʻa. ʻO nā kanaka pākeke, hiki i 15 cm ke lōʻihi, e hānai aku i nā baki, salamanders a me nā iʻa liʻiliʻi. Hiki iā lākou ke mālamu i ka ʻili o ke kanaka, akā ʻaʻole i ʻike ʻia he mea pōʻino no nā lawaiʻa.
Mea ʻatikala! Mālama ke kāne i ka hua, ma luna ona i hoʻohiki ai ka wahine i nā hua.
ʻO Bedbug Podisus maculiventris
ʻO ka ʻai ʻana o nā pōpoki a i nā ʻano he 90 o nā pepeke pepeke o ka ʻāina mahiʻai;
- ʻAkekahi uka ʻōlekani o Colorado
- Nā keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo ʻAmelika
- piʻi pīpī
- unuhi hewa ʻole silkworm.
ʻOi aku ka nui o nā wahine ma mua o nā kāne, hiki i ka hope ke lōʻihi o 11 mm. ʻOkoʻa ke kala o ke kino i ka ʻulaʻula i ka beige ʻeleʻele. Mālama nā wahine wahine i 20 a 70 mau hua, a hiki i ka 1 mm ka nui. Hoʻopau nā huaʻa nui ma hope o 1-1,5 mau mahina.
Aohao nemorum
Noho nā hakahaka Antokoris i nā kumulāʻau nā hua lāʻau a me nā mea kanu, nā mea kanu a me nā mea kanu hua, nā mea kanu pono. Hoʻopili ʻia ke kino, peʻa ʻia i loko o kahi lau brownish. Ua ʻoi aku ka nui o nā wahine ma mua o nā kāne, a hiki i 4 mm ka lōʻihi. Hoʻohana lākou iā lākou no nā mea hoʻolaha polyphagous, ka mea ʻai e komo ai nā pōpoki ʻāina ulu.
- nā lāʻau ʻalalā e lele ana i ka currants a me nā gooseberries,
- kuʻi p?
- hua ʻula ʻulaʻula,
- aphid,
- mau lau lau.
Hoʻokomo ʻia nā pōkoki kūloko o ka genus Orius
ʻO nā pepeke liʻiliʻi o ke aniani ʻulaʻula. Maʻalahi loa, hoʻohana pinepine ʻia i ke kaua kūʻē ʻana me nā hehi, ʻai i ka pōpoki i kēlā me kēia manawa o ka hoʻolālā. Nā ʻai hiamoe o ka genus Orius ka ʻai ʻana:
- nā aphids
- pūlea spider,
- keʻokeʻo
- hua moa a me nā anuʻi.
Hōʻike ʻia ka mau ʻokiʻoki ʻia i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo e luku iā lākou i kahi helu nui o nā pōʻino pepeke ma mua o ka mea e pono ai ke ʻai.Ke haʻalele nei nā phytophages, hiki i ka Orius ke hānai i ka polena, ʻaʻole e hoʻopōʻino i ka mea kanu.
Ka ʻohana o Predator (Reduviidae)
ʻO lākou ka poʻe nui o nā ʻelele ʻelima mau ʻāpana hapalua. He alakaʻi lākou i ke ʻano ola nocturnal, e hine i nā hua o nā pōʻino pepeke. ʻEleʻele nā mea paʻiʻeleʻele, ʻeleʻele, ʻulaʻula i ka kala me ka hele ʻana o nā mālamalama ʻulaʻula, he melemele a me ka uliuli.
Hoʻolohe Hiki i nā ʻōmaʻomaʻa tropical ke hoʻopale i nā koko o ke kanaka.
Nā pua hōʻaila ʻo Macrolofus (Miridae ʻohana)
ʻO nā pōkole moe maikaʻi loa kahi macrolofus. Ma kahi o ke ola holoʻokoʻa e pili ana i 30 mau lā, a hiki i 2500 ululima a me 3000 ʻōpala keʻokeʻo e ʻai ʻia. He kino elongated ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo o nā ʻōpiopio, 2.7-4 mm ka lōʻihi. Hoʻopili ʻia ka Exoskeleton i nā lauoho liʻiliʻi. Hoʻohālikelike ka wahine e ka ʻōpū elongated me ka ovipositor i haʻi ʻia.
Hoʻohana ʻo Macrolofus i ka mālama ʻana i nā mea kanu hānai no ka lepo paʻa, no ka mea e ʻai ana i ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo a me nā keʻokeʻo pia, nā ʻōmato a me nā thrint.
ʻO ka perilus Bicentennial
E hānai ana i nā mea kanu. ʻO ka maikaʻi loa o ka perillus ka pīpī bakala o Colorado, e ʻai ana i nā hua ʻelua a me nā huaiki. Inā ʻaʻohe mauʻu i loko o ka nohona o nā kolone, pōpala, nā uka a me nā ʻano umbrella i komo i ka meaʻai.
ʻO ka thermophilic ka pōpoki, make wikiwiki i ka mahana haʻahaʻa. Loaʻa iā ia kahi pale ʻeleʻele me nā hiʻohiʻona ʻulaʻula kukui.
ʻO Picromerus
ʻO nā mea hoʻopio Helper ua hoʻolaha i ka dimorphism moe wahine. ʻOi aku ka nui o nā wahine ma mua o nā kāne. ʻO ke kino o nā pū wahine wahine i hiki ke 15 mm i ka lōʻihi. He ʻōpū loa ka males me ka nui o lalo a 10 mm. ʻO ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo ka hina ʻalani o ka pikromerus ma ke ʻano, ua pena ʻia nā wāwae ke ʻulaʻulaʻula, ʻeleʻele ka antennae a me ke poʻo. ʻOiai i ka hele ʻana o nā ʻēheu i hoʻomohala ai, lele ʻole nā pepeke. Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Elytra no ka parachuting mai nā lāʻau kiʻekiʻe.
Hoʻokahi manuahi i nā pūʻulu a ʻai i kahi mea e make ai, no ka laʻana:
- Nā keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo ʻAmelika
- Kolikia Colorado,
- nā anuhe
- Nā ʻōpio
- nā ʻano like ʻole o nā palima.
ʻMatalelo alohaʻo Armata
ʻAi ka ʻona i ka mea pōpoki o nā hua ʻai. ʻO ka nui o kahi pākeke a hiki i 14 mm. Hoʻomalima ʻia ke kalaunu me nā lā he nui. ʻO nā ʻāpana predatory ka thermophilic, nā wahi moe bedbug e noho ana i nā wahi ala a me nā ʻāpana ala-ala.
ʻO ka meaʻai kekahi:
- ikawai keiko,
- hawthorn
- alder leaf beetle,
- Kolika moa ʻo Colorado ukiuki a me kāna mau hua.
Zicron Blue
Mālama ʻo Zikron polū i nā pīpī mai Colorado, ʻo ia ka mea kumu nui o nā meaʻai. E hoʻopau wale ana i nā hua manu make; ʻaʻole e hānai nā moe i nā pākeke. Loaʻa i nā māla ke keʻokeʻo a puni ka pali a uliuli me kahi ʻono. Hōʻike ka manawa o ka hana i ka lā.
Waena Bedbug
Belong i ka ʻohana ʻāpana ʻulaʻula. ʻAʻole i kahi hoʻoweliweli i ka poʻe, ʻaʻole nā mea lawe i nā maʻi weliweli. Hoʻonohonoho ʻia nā koa, nā elytra a me ke kua o ka exoskeleton i kahi ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula. ʻAʻohe nā ʻēheu Hind; aia kekahi eloscated proboscis. ʻO ke kumu o ka meaʻai o nā koa, ʻo ia ka wai o nā kumulāʻau hua, hoʻoheheʻe mai nā lau, ʻaʻole hōʻino i ka ʻāina mahiai. ʻAʻole maloʻo nā lau ma hope o nā punctures, ʻaʻole e pohō nā hua.
Kahi kuhi kahiko
Loaa i ka alder bug-hen kona inoa no ka wahine, nāna, no ka waiho ʻana i nā hua manu, koho wale ʻia ʻo alder. Hōʻike i nā pale pale lāʻau. He elongated ke kino e hele ana i ka lōʻihi o 8 mm. Kuhi ʻia i ka mālamalama māmā me nā ʻāpana pōkole. ʻO nā ʻāpana ʻeleʻele a me ka melemele ma ka ʻaoʻao o nā ʻēheu.
Ma nā lāʻau, hoʻopau ka poʻe pepeke i ka hapa nui o ko lākou ola. ʻAʻole waiho nā wahine i nā hua a me ka ʻoka ʻana a hiki i hiki iā lākou ke kiʻi kūʻokoʻa a noho i waho o ka pā. No nā kāne, ʻaʻole hoʻoweliweli nā kāne i nāu.
Hoʻohālikelike
He maikaʻi nā ulia pōʻino a maikaʻi ʻole maikaʻi ʻole. Hoʻohana ʻia ka mea kahiko i ka ʻoihana mahiʻai e pale i ka nui o phytophages e hoʻoweliweli aku nei i ka hua e hiki mai ana. Hiki i nā pōʻino ke pale i ka hua lāʻau, mahina ʻai a me nā mea kanu ʻai. Ua ʻai lākou i nā mea kanu wai. Ma hope o ko lākou hoʻouka ʻana, ʻike ʻia ka maloʻo ʻana o nā lau, kahi hāʻule i kahi maikaʻi hua.
ʻO kekahi mau ʻano he ʻano lehelehe, nā iniseti koko. ʻO kēia me nā moena a me nā triatomic bug e halihali i nā maʻi maʻi. Hoʻokomo pū kekahi nā mea make ʻole i ka maluhia me nā kānaka, me ka hōʻeha ʻole ʻana i ke kino a i ka ʻāina mahiai.
Laulima
Uaʻike ikaika ʻia ʻo Bedbug i ke kino ākea me ka lōʻihi o 3 a 8.4 mm, e hilinaʻi ana i ka saturation o ke koko. ʻOi aku ka male ma mua o nā wahine. ʻAno mai ke kala melemele a ʻeleʻele brown. ʻO kahi proboscis, i hoʻoponopono ʻia e hoʻopā i nā ʻili a me ka huki ʻana i ke koko, e haʻalele i ka palena o ke poʻo. Ke nānā nei nā ʻūhā o luna a me lalo i lalo o nā bristles pono ʻole a hana i nā kahawai ʻelua: kahi ākea no ka loaʻa ʻana o ke koko a ʻo kahi ʻoka hoʻi no ka hūnā ʻia i ka lawena.
Ma muli o ke aniani a me ka maʻalahi o ka kino ʻāpana, kahi pōloli ʻilihune a palupalu i nā kaʻina loea i nā kaohi ʻana. Laulele hou mai ka ʻōlima maikaʻi ʻia, loaʻa i kona kino ke ʻano ka helehelena a me kahi kala e pili ana i ke koko (ke ʻano o - mai ke ʻula a i ka ʻeleʻele - hiki ke hoʻoholo paʻa i ka wā i hānai ʻia ai kēia kanaka).
Ka mōʻī Palapala
ʻO ka wahi mua o ka moena moe ka mea kīnā paha i ka Middle East, i noho ʻia e ka poʻe a me nā ʻeke. Ua haʻi ʻia mua lākou i nā kumu Helene kahiko ma 400 BC, a ma hope iho ua kākau ʻo ʻAristotle e pili ana iā lākou. Pliny, i kāna Natural History, ua hoʻokaʻawale i nā bedbugs me ka hiki ke mālama i nā ʻokiʻoki a me nā pepeiao o ka pepeiao. ʻO ka hilinaʻi ma ke ʻano olakino o nā moena moe i hala a hiki i ka kenekulia 18, i ka manawa i kauoha ʻia ai ʻo Gettar e hoʻohana iā lākou e mālama i ka hysteria. Ua ʻōlelo ka mea mua ma Kelemania i ka makahiki XI, i Farani i ka makahiki XIII, ma ʻEnelani ma 1583, ʻoiai ʻaʻole lākou i loaʻa ma laila a hiki i ka 1670. I ka makahiki 16, ua lawe mai ka poʻe lanakila o ka New World iā ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa. Ma Asia Hikina, me he kanaka hakanaka pū kekahi, hoʻomaka kahi loko moe kahi i ʻike wale ʻia i nā makahiki ʻumikūono o ka XX kenekulia me ka hiki ʻana mai o nā pūʻali Lūkini ma Turkestan (kahi kumu ʻaʻole i ʻōlelo ʻia). No 20 mau makahiki, ua puka ʻo ia ma nā kūlanakauhale a me nā kauhale o Turkestan. Eia nō naʻe, ma ka noho o nā kānaka, ua loaʻa i nā pōkoki moe ma ke kūlohelohe: i ka pili ʻana o nā kumulāʻau, i nā ana, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe i ʻike ʻia i loko o ka lua kahawai ʻo Baharden ma Turkmenistan. ʻO ke ana, aia ma ka ʻaoʻao hema o Kopet-Dag, ʻaʻole hiki ke kiʻi a nānā pinepine ʻia e nā kānaka. Loaʻa nā waiho wāwae i kēlā ʻaoʻao o ia mea, he aniani, a ʻike ʻia i loko o ka puʻu ʻana i loko o ka pūpū a me ka wai o kahi loko o ke kahawai, kahi naʻe, ke hāʻule nei lākou mai nā wahi o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana o kēia mau holoholona i ke ana o nā ana. Ma ka ʻanuʻu Daurian nui, noho ka pahuhopu i loko o ka ʻuā o ka rodents (Daurian pika, herd vole, etc.), a me nā nīnū o nā lālani māla lau, nā ʻalāʻau a me nā hua wai i hoʻoponopono ʻia i nā hale kanaka. ʻO ka ʻike o kēia ʻaoʻao o ke ola o kahi moena moe e kakali mau nei.
Hoʻopilikia
ʻAʻole hiki ke hōʻoiaʻiʻo ʻia ua hiki i ka mea lapaʻau ke hoʻomanawanui i nā maʻi. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole lākou e kaawale i ka hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale i nā mea maʻi e waiho i ka tularemia, brucellosis, smallpox, hepatitis B, tuberkulosis, typhoid fever a me nā anthrax. Hōʻike ʻo A. B. Diter i ka iʻa o nā moena i nā moe kā Burnet i loaʻa nā rickettsia. Hāʻawi lākou i ka hōʻeha loa i ka poʻe me kaomi ʻana, ka haʻalele ʻana iā lākou i ka hoʻomaha maʻamau a me ka hiamoe a ma laila e hōʻemi ai i ko lākou hana hana. Eia kekahi, i kekahi mau hihia, hiki i nā pōpoki ke alakaʻi i nā rashes i ka ʻili, alerē, a i ʻole he mea hōʻeha. I ka wā e hoʻouka ai, kipi, ʻaʻole like me nā kao meaka, ke noho pinepine nei ma kekahi wahi o ka ʻili - akā, neʻe ka neʻe, waiho i kahi "ala" mai nā haki. Hiki i ka mamao ma waena o nā pōpoki hiki i kekahi mau kenimika. I ka manawa e loaʻa ai nā wahi kūpono, 500 a ʻoi aku paha ka pōloli hiki i ka pō hoʻokahi.
Ua hooiaio ia [ na wai? ] ʻaʻole he 70% o ka poʻe i ka ʻike i nā pōpoki huki, kahi paʻakikī hoʻi ka paʻakikī. ʻIke ʻia lākou ma nā wāwae kuahiwi ma luna o kahi moena, i hana ʻia a wāwahi ʻia ka pōpoki e ka hoʻokā ʻana a me ka hoʻohuli ʻana i kekahi kanaka i loko o ka moemoe e hopohopo nei i nā pōpoki. Me kahi ʻāpana nui o ka maʻi o ka lumi me nā pōkole, ʻike ʻia kahi manamana kiko.
Ma muli o ko lākou nānā ʻana o ka ʻono, ʻike nā moe moe i ka lole o ke kanaka i kēlā me kēia lā (maʻamau ka synthetic) a hūnā i loko, no laila e neʻe aku i nā hale ʻē aʻe. Hiki nō i nā bedbugs ke hūnā a waiho ʻia i nā hua i nā mea uila, i ke kiʻi, nā puke, nā pahu.
ʻO nā hana o ka hakakā hou
ʻO ka luku piha ʻana i nā moena a me kā lākou hua hua hopena e loaʻa i ka hoʻomehana ʻana o ka lumi holoʻokoʻa i hoʻopiha ʻia me nā moe moe me ka wela wela i kahi mahana ʻaʻole haʻahaʻa ma lalo o +48 ° C no nā hola 6-8.
I waena o nā insecticides, nā pyrethroids ka mea kūpono loa (cypermethrin, alfacipermetrin, deltamethrin, lambda-cygalotrin). Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole paʻa ka pyrethroids i ka ea a me ka māmā. Aia kekahi hanana hoʻomohala ʻana o ka insensitivity i nā pyrethroids ma waena o nā moena. No laila, ʻoi ʻia e nā mea hoʻohālike e hoʻōla aku me nā mea inikini ʻē aʻe a hoʻohana pū paha iā lākou i kahi emulsion hana. No ka laʻana, ʻo nā pūhui organophosphorus, ka mea i loaʻa pinepine i ka iniseti, he hopena ovicidal. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ka anti-bug e hoʻokomo ai i nā neonicotinoid, nā mea kiko o ka caramika, phenylpyrazoles a me ka waikawa boric.
ʻO kahi koho kūpono a me ka maikaʻi no ka mālamaʻana i nā lole i kūlike, nā moe, nā pāʻani, nā kāmaʻa, backpacks, etc.
ʻO nā kumu kūlohelohe, repellent, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana i nā pua, nā lau a me nā kumu o ka tansy maʻamau a i ʻole decoction o nā lau o ka marem rosemary.
Nā ʻōmole wai
Ma nā wahi kipa āpau kahi ʻaʻohe ikaika o ka manawa o kēia manawa, hiki ke ʻike ʻia kekahi o nā ʻehā ʻōpio. ʻO ka hapa nui o ko lākou ola ma ka kaola wai. Eia ka holoholona hihiu, hopu, a hānai. ʻO nā aneane āpau o nā ʻōpua wai he predator.
ʻO nā holoholona ʻoi loa ka mea i manaʻo ʻia ʻo nā ʻohana hānai manu e makemake nui i ka wai i ka fauna.