ʻO ka iʻa punahele o nā loea ʻĀlaka he melanotenia a i ʻole nā alaloa o ke ala (Melanotaenia trifasciata), he kanaka no ka ʻaoʻao mamao o Australia. Noho ia ma nā kahawai a me nā kahawai me kahi lalo o ka pōhaku, ma ka ʻāwīwī ʻana i ka manawa wela. ʻO kahi wahi punahele no ka puʻukū he mau driftwood, aʻa, lepo hohonu a lalo o nā lau aquatic ʻano.
ʻO kona inoa ʻepekema ʻo Melanotaenia trifasciata, e like me ke ʻano o ke ʻano: ʻo ke kula iʻa maluhia, loaʻa ke kaulana no ka mea i loaʻa ʻole i nā kūlana i paʻa. ʻO ka mea ʻokoʻa ka mauʻu ma loko o nā mōʻī liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi ua peʻe ia i ka lau, maikaʻi ʻole, a me wale nō ka nui o ka wai a me ka nui o ka ʻai e pono ai i kahi hiʻohiʻona nani. ʻAʻole pono ke kau ʻia nā mea i koi ʻia e hoʻokomo i kahi kokoke: e hōʻeha paha kahi iʻa.
ʻO ka wehewehe a me ka waihoʻoluʻu
E kāʻei maikaʻi, a laila i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ke kino ākea e 2 dorsal, nawaliwali i hōʻike ʻia nā pua ʻalala o ke kala ʻulaʻula, ua kū pono ke kua, nui nā maka no kona nui, me ka mālama maikaʻi hiki iā ia ke hiki i 10 - 12 cm. hoʻolei me kahi pua metallic. Ua kapa ʻia ke ala ʻekolu ʻekolu ma muli o ke kīhāpai o ke kīwaha mai ke poʻo a i ka huelo, me ka waiho ʻana o ke kala polū. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kikowaena ma mua o ka 2.
Mea ʻai
Kokoke puni ʻole. I lalo o nā kūlana kūlohelohe, nā meaʻai nui he mau crustaceans liʻiliʻi, nā pepeke, nā mea kanu. I mea e loaʻa ai ke kala aniani a me ka nui a me ka nui o ka nui, ʻoi ʻia ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i ka ʻai, hoʻohui ʻia nā meaʻai a i ʻole aʻa i loko o lākou.
Nā koho koho
Hema wai - 22 −25 degere.
Nā hōʻailona hōʻailona - 6.5 - 8.5 (pH)
ʻAe ʻia ka mālamalama - 8 - 25 (dH)
Nā kūlana kūpono
No kahi hipa o 4 a 5 iʻa, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana i ka hāpū wai o 120 lita. Inā makemake kekahi i ka nani piha i ka mahalo ʻana i ka melanotenia, a laila e lawe ʻoe i ka mana i 200 lita a loaʻa nā mea hou aku, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā kāne a me nā kāne, ʻo lākou e hāʻawi i ka poni ʻoniʻoni. E hoʻonani iā lākou me nā ʻeke, nā pōhaku, nā mea kanu mea kanu, akā e waiho i kahi nui no ka manu manuahi. E hoʻonohonoho i kahi o ka wai palupalu a me ka hoʻōla ʻia me ka aeration.
Hōʻailona kekahi mau lā i ka lā e nānā pono ai ka lā, a i ʻole ka mālamalama mālamalama i ke ao. Hōʻalo ka iʻa i ka wā e pāʻani ana, e mālama e uhi i ka ʻikena mai luna.
Ke alakaʻi nei lākou i kahi ʻano maluhia, kūpono me ka motile proportional, iʻa iʻa ʻoi ʻole.
Loaʻa nā hoʻololi
ʻOi aku nā ʻōpiopio o nā kāne, ʻoi aku ka nui, ke kīhaka ʻoi o ka ʻaki he nui.
ʻAno hānau
Hoʻonohonoho ʻia kahi kāne i kahi pahu hoʻokaʻawale ma kahi o 60 cm ka lōʻihi, ākea i ka wai, ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī
maʻamau, alkalized. Hoʻohana maikaʻi lākou a ʻano ʻaneʻane me nā meaʻai ola.Ny ka spawning ma nā lau liʻiliʻi o nā mea kanu, a i ʻole ma ka maunu o kahi kaula, ma hope o kekahi mau lā. Hoʻopai koke ʻia nā hua kanu me caviar a waiho i loko o kahi pahu kaʻawale, e hoʻopili me kahi māhele hou.
Hānau ʻia ʻo Caviar i loko o hoʻokahi pule. He liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi ka pīkī, no ke ola a me ke olakino olakino makemake lākou i ka wai maʻemaʻe me kahi mahana o 26-28 mau paona. a me ka momona maikaʻi. ʻO ka maʻamau, ʻo ia kahi infusoria i holoi ʻia, artemia nauplii, cyclops. Mai ka hānau ʻana, nani maikaʻi ka pīpī. Ke ulu ka ia, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻoliʻulu i nā meaʻai me ka squid fillet pīpī.
ʻO keʻano
ʻO kekahi o nā mākaʻi kaulana loa o ka genus Rainbow, ua loaʻa kēia mea i ʻike ma ke poʻo ʻākau wale o Ausetalia, ma nā wahi o ke Komohana Nui a me Queensland. Ma ka ʻike ʻana i nā iʻa he nui, ʻike ʻia i nā ʻano wai like ʻole o nā wai wai, mai nā wai liʻiliʻi a me nā loko hohonu. Loaʻa pinepine ka loaʻa ma nā wai wai me ka lalo o ke one, a i waena hoʻi o nā māla lau o nā mea kanu. Mālama ʻia ia i ka hohonu o 30 cm ka 2 m. Ua hoʻohālikelike ʻia kēia ʻano i nā hoʻololi ʻana i ke ʻano o nā panula, a ʻona ʻia ma loko o nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole.
He maʻamau nā ʻano o ka kino no ka iris. ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona hiʻona o kona kala, ʻoiai ke hilinaʻi nui nei ia ma ka ʻāina kahi i noho ai kēia a me kēlā kanaka. Nui nā mele subspecies i kapa ʻia ma ka ʻāina kahi i ʻike mua ʻia ai lākou. ʻO ka hapa nui he mau ʻāpana ʻeleʻele e holo ana ma ke kino mai ka laina o ka waha a hiki i ka pu caudal. ʻO luna a ma lalo, ʻelua mau kāʻei ʻē aʻe, me ka ʻike ʻole ʻia e like me nā ʻaoʻao waena. ʻO ka ʻalaʻulaʻula a ʻulaʻula paha nā pua.
Ma ka lōʻihi, hiki i kēia ʻano ke hele i kahi moʻolelo no nā uulima o 18 cm, akā pono e hoʻomanaʻo ʻoe ua aneane hiki ʻole e hoʻokō ʻo ia i nā nui i loko o ka aquarium, ʻo ka nui o kāu nui e hiki ke hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma kahi o 10 cm. ʻO ia ka mea waiho i ka kala maikaʻi, hiki i ke kāne ke hoʻomaopopo i kahi hump i nā ʻaoʻao kiʻekiʻe a i lalo, i ke kau pae ma ka paeʻulilā. ʻO ka pauna caudal i loko o ke kāne he kikoo hapa.
Nā kūlana o ka paʻa
Pono mākou i ka hāpona me ka lōʻihi o ka pā ma ka liʻiliʻi o 70 cm. Pono nā Iris i ka nui o ka laula, a me nā mānoanoa hoʻi o nā mea kanu kai. Hōʻalo i nā mea me nā kihi koi, ke neʻe wikiwiki nei ka iʻa a me ka hoʻopā ʻana i nā kihi ʻili, hiki ke hoʻopilikia nui loa. Hiki ke hoʻololi i ka mahana i loko o ka waihona o 24-33 ° С; makemake lākou i ka wai paʻakikī a i ʻole paha me ka pH o 6.5-8. Manaʻo ʻia e mālama i ka wai, hāʻawi i ka filtration, auction a me nā loli wai hebedoma (ʻaʻole iʻoi aku ma mua o 30% o ka nui). Pono e uhi mau i ka aquarium i ʻole, inā ʻole e lele ka iʻa mai waho aku.
ʻAno lawehala
Ma keʻano holoʻokoʻa, maluhia i ke kūlohelohe, akā ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ke mālama ʻole iā lākou me ka iʻa a i ʻole ka hana aʻa ʻole. ʻO kā lākou ikaika loa, e like me ke alualu ʻana o kēlā me kēia ma kahi o ka aquarium, pihoʻi loa. ʻIke maikaʻi lākou i kahi hui o nā ʻohana - ua makemake ʻia e mālama i nā mea he 6 i hoʻokahi i ka aquarium. E like me nā hoalauna, nā zebrafish, nā barbs, ka nui o nā ʻano iʻa a me nā iʻa ikaika ʻole ʻole e like me ka melanothenia i kūpono.
Hoʻaiho
Hiki mai ka iʻa mai nā ʻaoʻao ʻākau o Ausetalia. Loaʻa ʻia lākou i ka biotopes kaiʻai āpau mai nā ʻōkuhi i nā kahawai wikiwiki. ʻO ka mea maʻamau ka kahe ʻana o nā wai me nā ʻāpana lepo, uhi ʻia i ka lau silika, nā lau hāʻule a me nā mea kanu manu. Mālama ʻia lākou kokoke i nā lāʻau kanu kanu a i ʻole a puni nā ʻeke mau i nā hohonu a hiki i 2 mika. ʻO ka nohona kūlohelohe e kau i nā loli i ka wā, i hōʻike ʻia i ka lewa hāhā a me nā pākuʻi hydrochemical.
ʻKuhi ʻōlelo pōkole:
ʻAno hānau
Hoʻomaopopo ʻia e hoʻomākaukau i ka pīkole ʻole me ka lepo, me kekahi mau kīmaha o nā mea laʻa-paleka a i ʻole nā mea kūlohelohe (no ka waiho ʻana i nā hua manu). Mālama ʻo ia i kahi mahana o 25–28 ° С, kahi pH o 6-8, a me ka paʻū o 2 a 16 °. Manaʻo ʻia ʻia e hoʻonoho i kahi kānana liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi. Ma kahi hebedoma ma mua o ke kuʻe ʻana, mālama ʻia ka melanotenia a ʻoluʻolu loa ia e hānai. A laila koho ʻia nā kānaka nui loa a nani hoʻi a kau ʻia i kahi puʻu. Noho ka spawning mai 2 mau pule i hoʻokahi a me ka hapa mahina, ʻoi aku ka hua wahine i nā hua liʻiliʻi i nā lā liʻiliʻi i kēlā me kēia lā. Hoʻokahi manawa i ka hebedoma, lawe iki ʻia nā caviar i kahi incubator me nā ʻāpana o ka wai like e like me ka spawning. Pahu ʻia ka aniani i ka lā 7-12 mau lā, ʻo ka "lepo lepo" ka lawelawe ma ke kī mua.
Mea ʻai
Ke kūlohelohe nei lākou e hānai ana i nā mea iniketi a me nā larvae, nā mea kanu iʻa a me nā invertebrates ʻē aʻe, nā mea kanu, nā algae. Hāpai kēia ʻano i hiki i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka nui o nā koikoi o nā mea punahele kaulana i ke ʻano o nā mea o ka flakes, granules, a pēlā aku.
Ua ulu nā mea he nui o nā iʻa o Australia no ke ola ʻana i loko o kahi ākea, e hiki nō iā ia ke loli like me ka manawa. Ma muli o kēia, ua manaʻo ʻia ka mea maʻalahi ke mālama i ka iʻa, i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana i nā ʻano loea kūikawā e noho ana i nā wahi paʻa.
No ka hui o 5-6 iʻa ʻoe e pono ai i ka aquarium me kahi nui o 150 lita a i ʻole. He hoʻopaʻapaʻa ka hoʻolālā ʻana, i hoʻolako ʻia he wahi no nā wahi. ʻO nā mea kanu nui, driftwood, a me nā mea hoʻonaninani pili i hiki ke hana e like me ka mea hope. Mālama pinepine a lele i waho o ka wai. ʻO ka papahele a me ka hele ʻana o kahi uhi e kōkua i ke pale ʻole me ka lele ʻole.
ʻO ka lawelawe ʻo Aquarium ke maʻaila. Pono e mālama i ka wai mahana i loko o kahi ākea o nā pH a me nā kumu dGH a ʻaʻole i ʻae i kā lākou loli koke. Hoʻokuʻu ʻia kekahi hapa o ka wai i ka hebedoma me ka wai hou i 20-30% o ka nui a me ka liba kūlohelohe (waiho ʻia ke koena, excrement).
Kamaipono / hānai
I ka wahi kūlohelohe, ʻaʻole i hōʻike ʻia ka wā kau o ka hoʻohiwahiwa. Hānau ʻia ka iʻa i loko o ka makahiki. Kaliwui ma waena o nā māla ulu o nā mea kanu. Hānau ʻia ʻo Clutch mai 200 a 500 mau huaʻai, a ʻo ka wahine e lōlihi i nā hua he 50 a hiki i kēlā me kēia manawa, no laila, e pālahalaha ana ka laiki no kekahi mau lā. Hoʻomoe ka wā incubation i nā lā 6-7. ʻAʻole i kūkulu ʻia nā pākeʻāina makua. ʻOiai ʻo nā mākua, e like me kēia lula, ʻaʻole pono e ʻai i ka caviar, pono nō naʻe e hoʻokahuli ʻia i ka pahu kaawale me nā kūlana wai like.
I ka wā kahiko o ke ola, pono ke kō i ka meaʻai micro, e like me nā ciliates. Ke ulu lākou nei i ka maʻamau, ʻo ke kumu o ka meaʻai ka nauplii o Artemia, piʻipiʻi maloʻo, mau granule, nā meaʻai kūikawā no ka pā.
Nā maʻi ʻona
Inā ʻaʻole i hoʻokō ke kaiāulu i nā koi, e loaʻa i ka iʻa i ka maikaʻi o ka meaʻai a i hōʻeha ʻia e nā hoalauna i loko o ka hale kanu, a laila hoʻonui pinepine ʻia ka maʻi maʻi. ʻOi aku ka hopena o nā maʻi ʻeha ma ke ʻano o nā maʻi parasito, nā maʻi bacterial. No ka ʻike hou aku e pili ana i ka hōʻailona a me ka mālama ʻana, e ʻike i ka maʻa ʻo Aquarium Fish Diseases.
E noho nei i ke kūlohelohe
ʻO ka melanotenia ʻekolu alanui i mālama mua ʻia e Randall i 1922. Noho ia ma Ausetalia, ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau.
He palena ʻole kona noho ʻana: Melville, Marie River, Arnhemland, a me Groot Island. Ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, noho lākou i nā kahawai me nā loko i nui a piha ʻia me nā mea kanu, ʻākoakoa ana i nā hipa, e like me nā koena o nā ʻelele.
Akā i ʻike ʻia i nā kahawai, punawai, e hoʻopau i nā puddles i ka manawa maloʻo. He lepo ka lepo ma ia wahi, i uhi ʻia me nā lau hāʻule.
Hānai
ʻO nā Omnivores, ma nā mea maoli e ʻai like i nā mea i ʻole i loko o ka mea ʻai meaʻai, nā mea kanu, nā mea kanu liʻiliʻi a me ka kō. I ka iakou, hiki iā ʻoe ke hānai i ka mea pena a me ka meaʻai ola.
ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi me ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā ʻano like like ʻole, no ka mea, ʻoi ka waihoʻoluʻu o ke kino i hilinaʻi nui ʻia. Maʻa pinepine lākou i lawe i ka meaʻai mai ka lalo, no laila he mea nui ʻaʻole e hoʻouka nui a mālama i ka iʻa.
Eia kekahi ma kahi o ka meaʻai ola, makemake ʻia e hoʻohui i ka mea kanu, no ka laʻa leta, a i ʻole meaʻai i loko o ke kūlohelohe.
ʻOkuumoku me nā mau ʻula he:
No ka mea nui ka iʻa, ʻo ka nui o ke kikoo i ʻōlelo ʻia no ka mālama ʻana mai 100 mau lita. Akā, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ke hana hou aku, ʻoiai ʻo ia ma kahi nui e hiki ai ke hoʻokau i kahi ʻohana nui.
E lele maikaʻi lākou a pono ke uhi ʻia i ka aquarium.
ʻEkolu ʻole ke kolu o ka lālaki i nā loina o ka wai a me ka mālama, akā, ʻaʻole i loko o nā manaʻo o ka ammonia a me nā nitrates i ka wai. Manaʻo ʻia e hoʻohana i kahi kānana o waho, a makemake lākou i ka kahe a hiki ʻole ʻoe e hōʻemi.
Hiki iā ʻoe ke nānā i ke kū ʻana o ka ʻohana ma ke alo o kēia manawa a e hoʻāʻo nō e hakakā iā ia.
ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona wai no ka ʻikepili: mahana 23-26С, ph: 6.5-8.0, 8 - 25 dGH.
Kūlike
ʻO ka melanotenia ʻekolu kihi, he hui like me nā iʻa like me nā pā i loko o kahi pākana ākea. ʻOiai ʻaʻole lākou he huhū, e makaʻu hou lākou i ka iʻa pono ʻole me kā lākou hana.
E hui pū me nā iʻa wikiwiki e like me Sumatran, pā maka ahi a i ʻole Denisoni. Hiki ke ʻike paha ʻoe i nā pōkiʻi ma waena o ka iris, akā mau ʻoi ʻole, palekana ka iʻa ʻaʻole hōʻeha kekahi i kekahi, ʻoiai inā he mālama ʻia i loko o kahi pā.
Akā i ka like āpau, mālama pono i ka mea e leʻa ʻole i ka iʻa kaʻawale, a me kahi e hūnā ai.
ʻO kēia iʻa kula kula a me ka helu nui o nā kāne i nā wahine he mea nui loa ʻole ia no ka hakakā ʻana.
ʻOiai ka mea hiki ke mālama i hoʻokahi wale nō lau o ka iʻa i loko o ka mea kanu, e maikaʻi loa ana lākou i ka wā e mālama pū ʻia nā kāne a me nā wahine. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻokele ma kahi o ka i aneʻōlelo:
- 5 ʻekolu ʻekolu kāwili - hoʻokahi wahine
- 6 ʻekolu alahele - 3 kāne + 3 wahine
- 7 ʻekolu mau lālani - 3 kāne + 4 wahine
- 8 ʻekolu mau alanui - 3 kāne + 5 wahine
- 9 ʻekolu alahele - 4 kāne + 5 wahine
- 10 ʻekolu alahele - 5 kāne + 5 wahine
Loaʻa nā hoʻololi
He mea paʻakikī ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i kahi wahine mai ke kāne kāne, ʻo ka mea nui loa i nā wā ʻōpio, a ʻo nā manawa pinepine ke kūʻai ʻia aku i ka wā ʻōpio.
ʻAno ʻōniʻoniʻo nā ʻōpiopio ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kāne, me ke kua ʻoi o hunchbacked, a me nā ʻano e ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi.
Pili pili
Noho ʻo Melanotenia Cherry ma ka hohonu o nā kahawai o Australia. ʻO ka wehewehe ʻana o Melanotenia Cherry
He kino elongated ka iʻa, kaomi ma nā ʻaoʻao. Nui nā maka, ua mānoanoa nā lehelehe, ma ka huelo he 2 mau liona. ʻO ka lua o ka dorsal ka 2 mau wahi: ʻo ka mua ka pōkole, ka lua, e like me ka anal anal, lōʻihi ke lōʻihi, e kokoke kokoke ana i ka huʻu. He keʻokeʻo ke kala o ke kino, ʻeleʻele ka kua, ko ka umauma a me ka ʻōpū he kālā-keʻokeʻo. Ma ka ʻaoʻao aia nā lōkihi ka lōʻihi, i kokoke loa me ka huelo, i ʻike ʻole ʻia. ʻO nā pupu ma ka kua, he mau ipo a me nā ʻalā caudal i kahi hiʻohiʻona ʻike maikaʻi ʻole, a i ʻole ka ʻāpana o ke kala me nā wahi gula. I ka wā ʻōpiopio, loaʻa ke kāne i ke kino kiʻekiʻe, ʻoi aku hoʻi ia a ʻoi aku ka pōmaikaʻi ma mua o nā wahine. I loko o ka mea kanu ua ulu lākou a hiki i 12 cm, e ola a hiki i 5 mau makahiki. Makanotenia Cherry
Hiki i kēia mau iʻa i ke ākea a me nā mea hoʻonaʻauao ʻano. Pono ia nā mea kanu me nā lau liʻiliʻi. Ma mua o hoʻokomo ʻia ka iʻa i ka spawning, mālama ʻia lākou no nā hebedoma 1-2 i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia mai kēlā me kēia, kahiʻai maikaʻi me nā ʻanoʻai. I kēlā me kēia lā, hiki i ka wahine ke hoʻolei i nā hua he 50, e hoʻomaʻamaʻa mua i ka wai, a laila e hoʻopili i nā lau o nā mea kanu. Loaʻa ka huina o ka helu 350. Pono e hānai pono i ka iʻa pākeke, inā ʻaʻole lākou e hoʻomaka i ka huli no ka caviar. Pono e hoʻokukeʻia ka papahele me ka caviar i kēlā me kēia pule i kahi kaola hoʻokaʻawale me ka wai hou. Hiki i ka incubation ke 6-7 mau lā. Kū koke ke aniani i ka wai o ka wai. Ke ʻimi nei nō lākou no ka meaʻai, aia ma ka mua me nā rotifers a me Artemia nauplii.