I loko o ka honua o laila he nui a me ka mea kanu nani me ke ʻano nani a me nā mea hoʻomanaʻo. ʻO kēia mau iʻa "me kahi twist" pili scalar maʻamau. ^ E Ha yM. No kona helehelena hoihoi, unpretentiousness a me livable disposition, ua loa ʻo ia i lilo a noho kamaʻāina ʻo ia ʻaʻole wale nā ​​muliwai kai, akā i nā loea home.

ʻO ka kumu o ke ʻano a me ka wehewehe

Kuhi: Keʻaʻohana ʻele

Ua loaʻa ka genus angelfish i ke ʻano mai ke ʻano o nā iʻa o ka iwi, kahi i puka mai ma ke ʻano o ke kaʻina e like me 290 miliona mau makahiki i hala. ʻOi aku, mai nā kūpuna kūpuna he 70 miliona mau makahiki i hala aku nei, ua ʻano like nā ʻano like like ʻole, a ua ʻano like ʻole ia i kēia manawa i ke ʻano o Perch-like i manaʻo ʻia he nui loa o ka nui o nā iʻa (11,255 mau ʻano).

Nā hiʻohiʻona a me nā hiʻohiʻona

Kuhi: Keʻaʻohana ʻele

He mau ʻano ʻano ʻano like manu like me kēia:

• Kūlike ke kino, ʻūlū, a hākū ma nā ʻaoʻao. Aia ke poʻo i ke ʻano o ka tapatahi, nā maka ʻulaʻula nui ma kona mau ʻaoʻao,
• ʻO ka nui o ka iʻa, ʻokoʻa ka lōʻihi o ka pākeke i ka lōʻihi o 12-15 cm, a ʻo ke kiʻekiʻe ke kiʻekiʻe o 20 cm. ʻO nā kāne a me ka wahine, ua like like lākou i nā hiʻohiʻona, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka kāne,
• Hoʻopili ʻia nā dorsal a me nā anal fins me nā kihi kikoʻī, ma muli o ke ʻano o ka iʻa e like me kahi lua. ʻO nā ʻili pectoral e like me ka lōʻihi o antennae,
• ʻO ke kino o ke kala maʻamau he kālā-hina me ke kala ʻulaʻula, e kū ana i nā kihi kūpeʻe ʻehā ma mua, ke kū kaʻe mua o ka maka o ka iʻa, ka hopena o ka lua i loko o ka ʻāpana lau caudal. ʻEleʻele ka kua.

Meaʻoiaʻiʻo: "Hiki i ke scalar maʻamau ke hoʻololi i ke kala o nā kīhaka piula ma ke kino i ka paler. ʻO kēlā ʻano hoʻololi me ia e hele i nā kūlana koʻikoʻi. "

ʻOkoʻa nā kamaiki a me nā wahine. I ka pākeke, ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ka pā dorsal ʻo ke kāne a loaʻa ka peke momona ma kona lae, no laila ua poepoe ke poʻo a kamaʻa ka wahine. Hōʻike wale ʻia nā hiʻohiʻona ʻike ākea i loko o ia wā o ka wā hānau. I ke kāne, ma lalo o ka ʻōpū, puka a kuhikuhi a ʻāʻī i nā vas deferens liʻiliʻi a i ka wahine, he ovipositor ākea.

ʻAuhea e noho ai ka scalar maʻamau?

Kiʻi ʻAi: Fishfish iʻa

ʻO nā ʻānela maʻamau kahi iʻa iʻa i loko o ka wai. ʻO kona wahi noho paʻa loa nā kaona ʻāina o ka ʻĀmelika Hema, ke kīʻaha o ka muliwai nui loa Amazon ma ka honua, e kaʻi ana mai Peru a hiki i ke kahakai hikina o Brazil, a me ka muliwaiʻo Orinoco. Loaʻa kekahi manawa i kekahi ma nā ʻano o nā liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi i nā kahawai o nā Guiana a me Brazil plateaus.

ʻIkia ke ʻano o ka ʻāina ʻo Amazon he wahi nohona maikaʻi loa no nā scalars, no ka mea, he wela mau ka nui o ka wai, he mea nui loa ia no ka hoʻohuli o kēia mau iʻa. Aia i loko o kona wai, pili nā poʻe noho ʻē aʻe o kēia mau wahi leʻaleʻa, no ka laʻana: guppies, swordsmen, neon, discus. I ka ʻōpū, hana lākou i kahi kamaʻāina he nui i laila - ʻoi aku ma mua o 2,5 tausani.

Ke makemake nei ka nui o ka scalar i ke kahawai ʻili liʻiliʻi o nā kahe e kahe ana, nā kahawai wai, nā ue a me nā awāwa wai. He mea pono no kā lākou noho ʻana i nā palulu wai.

Ke hoʻomōhulu nei i nā ʻalā, nā huaʻai maʻamau e waiho i nā lau ākea o nā mea kanu aku, no laila makemake lākou lākou e noho i loko o nā wahi wai me nā mea kanu wīwī, a hiki i nā mea ʻōpiopio ke ulu mai nā holoholona ʻōpiopio e like me ka hūnā maʻalahi i nā ʻenemi.

He aha nā mea a ka scalar maʻamau?

Whakaahua: Scalaria vulgaris

Ma ka hana kūlohelohe, hana nā scalars maʻamau i ka iʻa iʻa.

ʻO ke kumu o kā lākou meaʻai maʻamau i kēia mau holoholona:

• invertebrates liʻiliʻi - daphnia, cyclops, tubule,
• nā pepeke liʻiliʻi a me nā hua ʻōpiopio e noho ana ma ka papa o ka wai.
• pīpī o nā iʻa ʻē aʻe.

Ke hoʻāʻo nei e hoʻokuʻi i ka mea ʻai, e hoʻomohala i kahi wikiwiki, hiki iā lākou ke hana me ke kōkua o ke kino kūwaho a me nā pūpū ikaika. ʻOiai ke kau nei o kēia mau iʻa i ka manawa nui e hūnā i algae, ʻaʻole ia i hoʻohana ʻia he substrate, no ka mea pono lākou i ka ʻai protein.

ʻO nā hua lāʻau o ka scalar maʻamau e like me ka nutrate substrate e hoʻohana i nā kiko o ka ʻeke yolk. Ke loli nei lākou mai ka larva i ka palaoa, hoʻololi lākou i ka ʻai i ka plankton liʻiliʻi. E aʻo ʻia ʻo ka iʻa makaʻala no ka huli ʻana no ka mea ʻoi aku ka nui, ma mea e kōkua ai lākou i nā mākua.

I kēia wā, ʻike ʻia ka angelfish a hoʻohana ʻia iʻa he ʻano hoʻonaina i loko o nā mea kanu, kahi e hānai ʻia me ka hui pū ʻana o nā mea ʻai ʻai (bloodworms, alapoka) a me nā mea kanu lāʻau (ʻāpana o ka spinach a me ka lūlū). Hiki i ka meaʻai ma ke ʻano loea o nā leʻaleʻa, a penei hoʻi i kahi kūlana ola a noho malō.

Nā hiʻohiʻona o ke ʻano a me nā ʻano hana

Whakaahua: Angelfish

ʻO ka ʻānela he mau kānaka nohona maluhia o ka wai kai. ʻOi aku ka makemake e noho i nā ʻohana hipa i hana ʻia ai nā manamana kāne ma waena o nā kāne a me nā wahine. ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona kaulana i nā hui pālua o kā lākou hui ʻana i kēlā me kēia i ko lākou mau ola holoʻokoʻa.

He mea kupaianaha: "Inā make kekahi o nā kāne i ka pālua, a laila ʻaʻole e huli ka mea i koe no ka hoa ola."

ʻO nā ʻelele o nā ʻano scalar maʻamau e alakaʻi i kahi nohona i kēlā me kēia lā, e hoʻohana ana i ka hapa nui o ka manawa ma waena o nā palupalu wai. Mahalo i ke kino ua ʻeleʻele ʻia, ʻauʻa koke lākou ma waena o ka thalli o ke ola, a ua hoʻopuni ʻia lākou e nā kui kuʻekuʻe ma ke kino.

I loko o ke ao, loaʻa iā lākou ka meaʻai i ka wā o ka hopu, a i ka pō e hoʻomaha lākou, e peʻe ana i nā ulu lāʻau o nā mea kanu iʻa. Ma mua o ka hopu ʻana, helu ʻia nā scalars i nā ʻohana liʻiliʻi. Lurk lākou i algae ke kali nei i ka mea pio. I ka wā e ʻike ʻia ai ka meaʻai kūpono ma ka pae, kuʻu lākou iā ia me ka ʻohana holoʻokoʻa a ʻuwī iā ia.

Ma waho o ka manawa hoʻoulu, he poʻe maluhia nā kānaka maikaʻi. Akā i ka manawa o ka spawning, ke hoʻoikaika nui nei lākou, e hoʻāʻo ana e pale i ko lākou wahi a me ka huaʻāina. He mea hoihoi ia ka mālama kāne a me ka wahine mālama i ka caviar a kāpī pū pū me ia.

ʻO ka hoʻolālā ʻenehana a me ka hana hou

Kuhi: Keʻaʻohana ʻele

I ka heluna o nā kānaka, lilo nā scalars i ka moekolohe i ka manawa mai 8 a 12 mau mahina o ke ola. Me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka wā hana, e pae nā ʻāpana i waena o lākou, kahi e noho ana i kahi pae kūikawā i loko o ka hale noho a hoʻomākaukau no ka hoʻoulu. No ka hana i kēia, ʻike lākou i kahi o lākou e waiho ai i ka hua. Hiki iā ia ke pōhaku a he wahi nui paha kahi mea kanu aku. E hui pū, hoʻomaʻemaʻe lākou i ka lepo a me ka pāpaʻa no kekahi mau lā, a laila e hoʻolalulu i nā hua nui, ʻōleʻa i lalo ma kona ihu.

I ka maʻamau, hiki i kahi wahine maʻamau ke kālai i 150-200 mau hua. E hiki mai ana ka manawa paʻakikī e pale aku ai i kā lākou mau keiki, ke ʻike pū nei ka kāne a me ka wahine. Lawe lākou i nā hua make a hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka poʻe ola. Mālama iā lākou mai ka hoʻouka ʻia ʻana e nā iʻa ʻē aʻe. ʻElua mau lā ma hope mai, puka aʻe ke aniani mai nā hua, e waiho ʻia i loko o kēlā me kēia ma lalo o ka mālama a ko lākou mau mākua. Inā hele koke mai kahi hoʻoweliweli, a laila hiki i ke kāne a me ka wahine ke hoʻokuʻi iā lākou i loko o kā lākou waha ma kahi palekana.

I loko oʻelua pule, ua hoʻohuli ʻia ke koʻi i palaoa. No kekahi mau lā, hoʻomau ka mālama ʻana i nā mākua mālama i ka hua. Hoʻākoakoa lākou i nā pīkī i kahi hui a hui pū me lākou, pale iā lākou mai nā pōʻino. Kōkua lākou i ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka plankton nui a hiki i ka ʻai ke ʻai. Ma muli o ke ʻano o nā skalars i ka wā o ka moena, hiki iā mākou keʻike wiwo ʻia i kēia mau ʻano ʻano iʻa o kēia mau iʻa o ka wai o lalo. ʻO ka manawa ola i loko o nā kūlana kūlohelohe a ma ka pio ʻana he like me 8-10 mau makahiki.

ʻO nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe o nā scalars maʻamau

ʻAhua: kāne kāne ʻānela

Noho ka loko o nā kahawai o ʻAmonia, ʻike pinepine ʻia ka scalar i kona mau ʻenemi kūlohelohe ma laila. ʻOiai i ka liʻiliʻi o ka iʻa, ua hiki ke lilo i mau ʻāpana no nā ʻano nui ʻelua o nā iʻa a me nā ʻelele like ʻole o ka manu fauna.

ʻO kēia mau iʻa:

• nā piranhas, kahi voracious, a he niho koʻikoʻi loa, hiki iā lākou ke kuʻi i ka manamana lima a me ka lāʻau me lākou.
• payara - kekahi wahi i ʻike ʻia e ʻelua mau ʻāpana a nā niho ʻelua, hoʻokahi ʻāpana e ʻike a kuʻi ʻia kekahi ʻē aʻe i loko o ka ʻāʻī, loaʻa ka ʻai maikaʻi.
• E pili ana ʻo Aravana i nā iʻa nui e noho ai, ke noho nei i loko o nā wai o nā wai me ka wai kūloe a hānai i ka iʻa e noho ana ma laila.

Hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia ʻo Cayman i nā ʻenemi o ke scalar. Ma muli o kā lākou ʻuʻuku liʻiliʻi, ʻoluʻolu pinepine lākou e ʻike i nā iʻa liʻiliʻi e like me ke ʻano o ka meaʻai. I ka hakakāʻana no ke ola, hiki i ka scalar i ke kaʻina o ke kūkaʻi i hiki ke kūpono.

ʻO kāna "mau kāleka puhi" i ke kaua me nā ʻenemi:

• Flattened kino no ka paʻa maʻalahi ma waena o algae,
• ikaika, lōʻihi e hoʻolako ai iā ʻoe e hoʻomohala i ka wikiwiki wikiwiki,
• ke kōkua ʻana i nā kūhoʻi kūlike i ke kino e hūnā i waena o ka thalli o nā algae.

Ke ʻano o ka noho ʻana a me nā ʻano

Kuhi: Keʻaʻohana ʻele

Aia ka ʻōnaehana scalar maʻamau:

• I ke kūlohelohe, noho lākou i loko o nā pū he 10 o kekahi, kahi e holo ana kahi hierarchy paʻa. Ke alakaʻi nei nā pūʻulu nui a ikaika hou i ka wā o ka hopu a noho i nā wahi kanu maikaʻi, ka mea e kiaʻi ma ka ʻoiaʻiʻo
• He paʻakikī ka nui o ka heluna kanaka ma muli o ke koho ikaika a me ka hoʻouka ʻana o kēia mau iʻa i nā kaona ʻāpana a me nā hale ʻāpana kūloko. Akā hiki iā mākou ke ʻae loa i ka iʻa ka heluna o ka lehulehu.
• Mahalo i ka mālama ponoʻana o nā caviar, nā larvae a me ka palaoa, nā mālama ʻia nā maʻi he mālama i ka hapa o ka hua mai ka make.

He mea kūpono ʻole ia he paʻakikī paʻakikī ka loaʻa ʻana o nā mea kūlohelohe maoli i loko o nā koola, no ka mea ʻaʻole i lawe ʻia kēia mau iʻa mai ʻAmelika Huipū ʻia. Akā ua hiki i nā kānaka ʻepekema ke hana i nā makahiki he nui i lawe ʻia i kahi ʻano like ʻole o kēia ʻano o ka palu, ʻaʻole hiki ke ʻike ʻia e nā mea aloha akuʻa.

ʻO ka mea hoihoi: "Ua hoʻoneʻe nā Breeders i ka heleʻana o nā pale ākea e holo mai ana i ka pōʻeleʻele."

No ka koho ʻana i ka pālahalaha ākea o nā skalars, ʻaʻohe ʻano nui no ka hopu nui ʻana i kēia mau iʻa mai ka nohona kūlohelohe. No laila, ua manaʻo ʻia nā mea ulu skalar maʻamau e pōmaikaʻi. Scalar maʻamau - He loko liʻiliʻi kēia me kahi ʻano like ʻole, ʻo ia me kāna ʻano "honua" ola, ʻano maluhia, me kahi ʻano hiʻohiʻona a me nā ʻano like ʻole i lanakila ai i ka naʻau o nā kānaka āpau.

Nā hiʻohiʻona o waho

Loaʻa i ke kino kahi ʻano ʻāpana disc. ʻO nā dorsal a me nā luʻu anal he ellong, like me kahi holo, pectoral fins elongated a me ka like sillike. He huluhulu ka nui o ka caudal fin a ākea hoʻi. Loaʻa nā kihi o nā pahal i a kulou. I nā iʻa makua, ke kū nei ka lae. He lōʻihi loa ka lōʻihi o ka Angelfish, he 15 cm ka lōʻihi o ke kiʻekiʻe o ke kino.

ʻO ke kala o ke kino he kālā me ka hāpana brown, ke kala o ka muzzle, ke kua a me ka ʻaoʻao mua he brownish-melemele. ʻIke ʻia nā ʻalolona manu ākea ma nā ʻaoʻao, ke hala mua ma ke kua o ke poʻo a me ka maka i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hopena ventral, ʻo ka lua mai ka dorsal fin a i ka fin anal, ʻo ke kolu o ka pulu anal, ʻehā i ke alakaʻi ʻana i ka hoʻomaka o ka hope caudal. Ma ka ʻaoʻao o luna o ke kino, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i nā aka subtle. He melemele ke kala o ka kala o ka dorsal, ʻo ka ʻaoʻao o ka ʻōpū ventral i ke kila kila, a he hina ke keʻokeʻo. ʻAʻole ʻike pinepine ka angelfish maʻamau i nā kala kūlohelohe - nā hiʻohiʻona kikoʻī he mau ʻano kūlike nā pepa (ʻeleʻele, gula, keleawe, nā peʻa).

E nānā i nā ʻeleʻele a manuahi i loko o kou kahua home.

Nā kūlana o ka paʻa

ʻO ka liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi o ka aquarium no ka hoʻoulu ʻana i kahi ʻāpana o ka ʻalopona he 60 lita, akā inā ʻoe e hoʻolālā e hoʻonoho i kekahi o kēia mau iʻa, pono e hoʻonoho i kahi pahu o 100 lita a i ʻole. ʻO kahi pālua o ka ʻĀneka a me kā lākou iʻa i loko o kahi noho nui. Hoʻopilikia ka crremness i ke olakino a me ka ʻano. I loko o kahi pahu nui, ʻaʻole liʻiliʻi nā mea hana e ʻai i ka hua a me ka palaoa. ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona o ka waiʻololi: i ke kauwela 23-29 degrees Celsius, ka waikahe 5.0-7.5 pH, nā ona palupalu a ma waena paha o 1 a 20 dH. E pono ke hoʻololi i ka wai o ka wai o 15-20% i ka wai wai i ka hebedoma. Ua hui ʻia ka scalar me kēia iʻa.

• Nā mea hoʻoponopono
• Danio
• Gourami
• Nā mea make,
• Nā Kauoha
• Pecilia
• ʻOluopikola,
• Iris
• E ka hoʻopiha
• Labeo,
• Nā Kuhihewa
• Tetra.

ʻO ka skalar i kūlike me kēia mau iʻa.

• ʻUseslelo hakahaka (pili ʻāpana).
• Nā pepeke
• Nā ʻAmelika ʻAmelika a me ʻAmelika Hema,
• Hola
• Kahula
• Guppy
• ʻO nā kālele Koi
• Nā Astronotus.

ʻO ka ʻōpū maʻamau, ʻoiai ʻo ka ʻomaʻomaʻu i ka kūlohelohe, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā ʻano ʻaʻai i loko o ka aquarium. ʻAi ʻia ka popo brape, nā ʻōpio, nā ʻōpala piha, nā ʻōpala maloʻo, nā ʻōpala, nā lūlū a me ka spinach i kūpono no lākou. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hānai i ka meaʻai palai maloʻo, akā emi iki pinepine. I loko o nā hale kūʻai holoholona, ​​hiki iā ʻoe ke kūʻai i nā grula me ka spirulina, a hoʻohui iā lākou i ka meaʻai. ʻAʻole ia e hāʻawi i ka momona o nā mea momona i nā holoholona hoʻoluʻu.

Pono nā mea kanu ola e kanu ʻia i loko o nā ʻōpala wai āpau. Mālama ʻia ka wai wai e nā mea ola ola, ke kōkua nei lākou i ka mālama ʻana i nā ʻāpana o nā kaola wai, hoʻōla i ka ulu ʻana o ke algae a me ka wai saturate me ka oxygen. ʻO nā puna aku nā Broadleaf i nā mea kanu ma ka wana i ka wā o ka spawning, kau lākou i ka hua ma luna o lākou. Manaʻo ʻia e kanu i nā mea kanuʻAmelika Hema i loko o ka aquarium, e hana ai i kahi kūlike o kahi biotope kūlohelohe. ʻO Echinodorus, moss Java, ceratopteris, he Pilipino maʻalahi ka mālama ʻana, ʻaʻole lākou e huki ʻia i ka iʻa.

E nānā i ka scalar maʻamau i ka aquarium maʻamau.

ʻŌpiopio

ʻO nā ʻānela maʻamau kahi ʻano iʻa o nā cichlids. Hoʻokomo ka wahine i nā hua ma nā lau o nā mea kanu ākea, kahi kanu i kanu mua ʻia i nā hua pua. Kūpono kēia mau iʻa i ka wā ʻōpiopio i ka wā i loaʻa ai ka iʻa 4-8 ma ka aquarium. E lilo lākou i ka moekolohe i ka makahiki 6-12 mau mahina a ma hope iho, i ka hiki ʻana o ka lōʻihi o 5 cm, hilinaʻi i nā kūlana wai.

Pono ka pālua i ka lawena me ka wai maʻemaʻe, ma mua o ka lawaiʻa ʻana ua hānai maikaʻi ʻia me ka meaʻai ola e hoʻopiha ʻia me ka protein, akā ʻaʻole kaohi. Pono ka wai o ka wai i loko o ka wai momona, palupalu a me ke aloha, pH 6.6, paʻakikī 5 dGH, wela 27-29 degere Celsius.

ʻO ka iʻa ʻānela maʻamau ka iʻa iʻa, e hoʻōla ka wahine i nā hua he 1000 ma luna o nā lau maʻemaʻe, ʻohi ke kāne iā lākou a kīlea iā lākou. ʻOiai ka hapanui o nā ʻelele o ka ʻohana Cichlids mālama i ka brood, i loko o nā scalars i kēia ʻano o ke ʻano i ka hana. Inā ʻaʻole lākou ʻai i ka hua, e mālama iā lākou. No ke aha i hiki ai i nā mea hana ke ʻai i ka caviar? Ke manaʻoʻiʻo nei kēia ma muli o ka hoʻonāukiuki ʻana ma waena o nā ʻano a i ʻole ʻūlū paha i ka pahu.

Lā ʻoi ka hua palaoa i hope ma hope o kekahi mau lā, ma hope o ka hebedoma e holo ai ka palaoa. E lilo ka makua a me ka palaoa i loko o ka hale kanu. Hiki ke hānai iā Fry me nā huaʻōlelo Artemia i nā pule mua o ke ola.