ʻO kahi holoholona nani, pīpī e pili ana i ka nui o nā kahe ʻōiwi: ʻo ke lōʻihi o ke kino 100-130 cm, kiʻekiʻe poʻohiwi 80-100 cm, ke kaupaona 35-60 kg.

I nā kāne, pōkole, a hiki i 30 cm, nā pepeiaohao mānoawa i hoʻopuni ʻia ma ke ʻano o kahi ʻula; i nā wahine, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā pūlima (5-7 cm) a ʻaʻole bifurcated. ʻO nā pepeiaohao o ka pronghorn, nā kuʻi manu o nā bovids (nā bipi, nā kao, nā antelope) he iwi lāʻau i uhi ʻia me nā uhi hulu. Eia naʻe, ʻo nā holoholona pronghorn wale nō nā holoholona e uhi ʻia ai nā pepeiao i kēlā me kēia makahiki a ulu hou. Hoʻololi ʻia ka loli o nā pū i ka wā o ka hoʻoulu ʻana a loaʻa i mua o 4 mau mahina.

Ke kāwele i ke kala o ka pronghorn - brownish ma luna a he kukui ma lalo, me kahi wahi keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo ma ka ʻāʻī a me kahi "aniani" keʻokeʻo. Loaʻa i nā kāne nā ʻāpana ʻeleʻele i ka ʻāʻī a me ka "mask" ʻōpala. ʻO ka lau ka lau o ke poʻo a palu mau loa, ma ka ʻāʻī i hoʻokumu ʻia ka mane protruding. Ka mea nui i nā kohu odoriferous (infraorbital, caudal, etc.) i hoʻomohala ʻia i loko o nā pronghorns.

Nā hiʻohiʻona Anatomy

Hoʻopau maikaʻi ʻia nā pronghorn no ka wikiwiki wikiwiki e hoʻomaikaʻi i kahi trachea mānoanoa, nā ʻōpū polū a me nā naʻau nui, kahi e hoʻolalelale i ke koko momona me ka nui o ke koko ma loko o ke kino. ʻO kahi pronghorn kāne he ʻelua a me ka nui o ka naʻau he hipa ka like me ka hipa kāne. ʻAe nā pahu cartilaginous ma nā wāwae mua i ka pronghorn e holo maʻalahi ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka pōhaku.

Pronghorn

No ka wikiwiki a me ka wikiwiki, ua kapa ʻia kēia holoholona paluhilele i kāhea ʻia "ka ʻōpū o ka lauhi"

ʻO Pronghorn (ʻ :lelo Pelekane: Antilocapra americana) ka ʻōlelo kuʻina, ka makahiapo o ka ʻāweʻa o ʻAmelika ʻAmelika. ʻO ia wale nō ke kuʻuna makana o ka ʻohana Pronghorn (Antilocapridae), aia ma Pliocene a me Pleistocene nona nā mea he 70.

Hōʻailona ko Pronghorn a me ka meaʻai

I ka hoʻoilo, ua hui pū ʻo Pronghorns i loko o nā holoholona he nui, nā ʻano o nā māka o nā kāne ʻelua. I kēia manawa, hele lākou i nā wahi i momona loa i ka meaʻai. I ka hōʻea ʻana i kahi wahi hou, wehe nā kahu hipa. Hoʻokumu nā kāne ʻōpio i ko lākou mau hui pū, a ʻākoakoa nā kāne i nā ʻokoʻa kūʻokoʻa.

ʻO nā kāne pākeke, ʻoi aku ma mua o 3 mau makahiki aku, e loaʻa i kā lākou ʻāina, kahi e hiki mai ai nā wahine i ka wā mālama. ʻO kekahi manawa hele nā ​​wahine mai kekahi kāne i kekahi, no laila hiki iā lākou ke ʻano no 2 hebedoma. Me nā hana o nā hua mua, hōʻiliʻili ka pronghorn i nā pā i hoʻohui ʻia, a ma ka pūnāwai ua hānau ʻia kekahi hanauna hou.

ʻO ka papaʻai nā mea kanu kanu. Hiki i nā pronghorn ke hoʻopau i nā mea kanu i mea make ʻole i ka holoholona. Loaʻa kēia mau holoholona i ka wai nui mai ka meaʻai, akā i ka manawa like i hoʻāʻo ʻole e hele i kahi mamao o nā wai wai. Hōʻalo lākou i nā wahi hoʻohālikelike.

Noho ʻo Pronghorn i nā pā.

ʻO ka pilina a me ka lōʻihi

ʻO nā pronghorn nā holoholona polygamous, ke hoʻomaka nei ko lākou wā ulu ma ka hapa mua o Kepakemapa a kū mau i 2 mau pule. Hakakā ʻo Males i waena o lākou. Loaʻa nā mea lanakila i nā mele me 4 wahine.

Hoʻomoe ka wā gestation i ka wahine i ka 7-8 mau mahina. 50% o lākou i hānau ai he mau māhoe. ʻO ke pēpona i kēlā me kēia keiki e like me 3 kilokilo. He kukui na keiki nā keiki. No 3 wiki, hūnā ka cub i ka mauʻu, a laila hoʻomaka ka holo a ulu koke. I 3 mau makahiki o ka makahiki, ua aneane hiki ia i ka nui o nā pākeke. Hoʻopili ʻia ʻO Puberty ma 15-16 mau mahina. Noho kēia mau holoholona i ka hihiu ma ka awelika mai 8 a 10 mau makahiki, akā e hōʻea kekahi mau kanaka i 15 mau makahiki.

Noho nā Pronghorn no 10 mau makahiki.

Helu

I ka makahiki 1920, ka umauma o ka pronghorn he 13,000 mau poʻo, a ma ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka kenekulia 19, ua ʻoi aku ka nui o kēia mau miliona miliona. I kēia lā, ʻo ka heluna kanaka e like me hoʻokahi miliona miliona. ʻO kēia hoʻonui i nā helu i loaʻa i ke aloha no ka kānāwai paʻa.

ʻO ka ʻae a ʻae paha e kiʻi a hopu paha i kēia mau holoholona e pono ai. Kūpono kēia kānāwai ma nā moku āpau o US. ʻO nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe maoli o ka pronghorn ma ka nahelehele he lynxes, nā ʻīlio a me nā coyotes.

Inā loaʻa ʻoe i kahi hala, e koho i kahi ʻāpana a me ka paʻi Ctrl + Kākau.

Lāiau a me kaʻai kino

I ka hoʻoilo a me ka hoʻoilo, hōʻiliʻili ʻo Pronghorns i nā haneli he mau kau me kahi alakaʻi ma ko lākou poʻo. Ka neʻe ʻia nā kahu ma muli o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka ʻai a me ka wai. Kūahi ʻokoʻa nā kāne kahiko. I ke kauwela, noho nā wahine a me nā kāne i loko o nā pūʻulu helu liʻiliʻi, nā kāne ʻoi aku ma mua o 3 mau makahiki e noho ana i nā wahi mai 0.23 a 4.34 km 2 o kahi e mālama ai iā lākou mai nā kāne aku.
He pīhoihoi a me ka ʻōnaehana hoʻoweliweli i ka ʻohana o nā pronghorn. A ʻike ka holoholona mālama i ka pōʻino, e ʻohi ana i ka lauoho o kona "aniani" keʻokeʻo, e like hoʻi me kahi chrysanthemum nui. Hoʻomaopopo koke nā holoholona ʻē aʻe i kēia hōʻailona, ​​ʻike ʻia ka maka maka no ka ʻoi aku o 4 km, a ʻo ka hopohopo e uhi ana i ka pipi āpau.

Ke alakaʻi pinepine ʻia kekahi hui o ka pronghorn e ka wahine, a ʻo ke kāne ka mea hope loa e mālama mau i hope. ʻAe kēia iā mākou e hoʻokaʻawale i nā kāne mai kahi lōʻihi.

ʻO ka nahelehele, me nā mea ʻona, nā ʻōpio ʻōpio o nā pōpoki a me ka cacti, e lawelawe no ka pronghorn. Ua inu lākou i ka mea liʻiliʻi, i ka loaʻa ʻole o nā kumu no nā wiki e hiki ai iā lākou ke ʻoluʻolu me nā umu i loaʻa i nā mea kanu. Hāʻawi kēia ʻano i ka pronghorn e komo i kahi ākea a me nā wahi neoneo. Graze a puni ka uaki.

ʻO Pronghorn ka holoholona lua o ka honua ma ka holo wikiwiki, ʻo ka lua wale nō i ka cheetah. Hiki iā ia ke hiki i nā wikiwiki a hiki i 67 km / h, ʻoiai e lele ana i ka 3.5-6 m ka lōʻihi. Kuhi wikiwiki - 88.5 km / h. Eia naʻe, hiki i ka holoholona ke kū i ka pale like ʻole ma mua o 5-6 km. ʻO ka holo maʻamau o ka pronghorn he 48 km / h.

Ka nohona kūloko a me ka pale

Hoʻi hou i ka makahiki XIX. Ua hālāwai ʻo Pronghorn i loko o nā holoholona lehulehu a ua hoʻoikaika maoli ʻia no ka ʻiʻo a me ka ʻili, akā ma ka 1908 ka nui o kona heluna kanaka me ka lehulehu he miliona a ua hōʻemi ʻia he 20,000 mau poʻo. Ma muli o ka pale a me ka hoʻomaha o ka hopu ʻana, ua hoʻihoʻi ʻia ka holoholona i 2-3 miliona kanaka. ʻO nā mea wīlani nui nā ʻīlio, nā coyotes a me nā lynxes ulaula. ʻO ke ola o ka pronghorn ma ke kūlohelohe he 5-7, hiki i ka 10-12 mau makahiki.

2 mau huakini (ʻAe a. peninsularis a ʻAe a. sonoriensis) i kahi inoa i ka papa inoa ʻĀina IUCN.

Mea ʻai

ʻO ka nahelehele, me nā mea ʻona, nā ʻōpio ʻōpio o nā pōpoki a me ka cacti, e lawelawe no ka pronghorn. Ua inu lākou i ka mea liʻiliʻi, i ka loaʻa ʻole o nā kumu no nā wiki e hiki ai iā lākou ke ʻoluʻolu me nā umu i loaʻa i nā mea kanu.

Hāʻawi kēia ʻano i ka pronghorn e komo i kahi ākea a me nā wahi neoneo. Graze a puni ka uaki.

Loaʻa ʻia ke ʻano aʻoaʻo i nā mea hoʻohana ʻokoʻa wale nō.

Nā hōʻike ʻano aʻoaʻo:

• E nānā i nā moʻolelo me he kiʻi
• ka hiki ke hoʻolohe i nā leo e hana ana i kēlā me kēia kaha kani
• ka manawa kūpono e hoʻohui ai i kāu ponoʻī, ka leo o nā keiki
• nā hōʻike no nā keiki e hoʻopaʻa i ka waiwai
• i nā hōʻiliʻili kūikawā o nā kiʻi a me nā wikiō e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka ʻike
• loulou i nā aʻo aʻo hou

Loaʻa ka hana leo i ke ʻano aʻo ʻana.

Ua loaʻa ke wikiō ma ke ʻano aʻoaʻo

ʻO Pronghorn ka holoholona kahiko loa o ʻAmelika Hema. Nā lālā i ka ʻohana Vilorogov. He nui nā ʻano o Pronghorn i kēia manawa, aia hoʻokahi wale nō mea i koe.

Noho ʻo Pronghorn i nā kihi wāwae o ʻAmelika Hema mai ke komohana hema a hiki i Mexico.

Loaʻa i ka pronghorn kona inoa mai nā pū a kaha ikaika a kūlike hoʻi e like me nā hehi.

Hoʻopuka ʻo Pronghorn i kona mau aʻai i ka makahiki a ulu hou nā mea hou.

ʻO ia ka holoholona pīpī a nani hoʻi ʻo Pronghorn. Aia kona mau maka ma nā ʻaoʻao a ʻike i nā mea āpau a puni.
He ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula a me ka keʻokeʻo ka pronghorn. Ma kona ʻāʻī he lei kikowaena i ke ʻano o ke lei.

He naʻau ikaika ka Pronghorn. Paipai koke ʻia ke koko ma o ke kino, a hāʻawi i kēia i ka pronghorn ka nui o ka mana. No laila, holo wikiwiki ka pronghorn.

ʻO nā lāʻau kanu huaʻai. ʻAi lākou i nā mea kanu, i ʻole nā ​​mea make. Loaʻa ka pronghorn i ka mauʻu, no laila ʻaʻole lākou e inu i nā hebedoma. Akā ʻai mau lākou.

I ka hoʻoilo a me ka hoʻoilo, hōʻiliʻili ʻo Pronghorns i nā pua. Hoʻonoho ka luna i kahi kiaʻi e nānā inā he ʻenemi kahi kokoke. Ke ʻike ka nānā ʻana i ka pilikia, aia ʻo ia i ka lauoho o kona poʻo keʻokeʻo. Hoʻopaʻi hou nā holoholona ʻē aʻe i kēia hōʻailona, ​​a me ka hopohopo e uhi i ka pipi āpau.

Ma muli o ka ʻiʻo, nā pū a me ka ʻili, nā kānaka i nā wā lōʻihi e hoʻopau i ka Pronghorns. Ma muli o kēia, ua mau tausani wale nō i koe i ka honua ma ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka kenekulia 20. Kuhi ʻia nā pronghorn i ka Red Red Book, kiaʻi ʻia lākou.

I ka wā rutting, hoʻonohonoho pinepine nā kāne i nā hakakā no ka wahine. No ka hana i kēia, hoʻohana lākou i kā lākou mau pepeiao.

Ua hānau ʻia ka wahine he 1-2 pēpē i hoʻokahi makahiki. Noho ʻo ka wahine helu 8 mau mahina. ʻAʻohe mea poʻomanaʻo hou, hūnā lākou i ka nahelehele. Akā ma 1.5 mau mahina, hui pū nā pēpē i nā bipi, a ma 3 mau mahina e hoʻololi ai lākou i ka pono o ka mauʻu. He ola ola ʻo Pronghorn a hiki i ka 7 makahiki.